Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| best practice in the prevention and management of paediatric respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is ubiquitous with almost all infants having been infected by 2 years of age and lifelong repeated infections common. it is the second largest cause of mortality, after malaria, in infants outside the neonatal period and causes up to 200,000 deaths per year worldwide. rsv results in clinical syndromes that include upper respiratory tract infections, otitis media, bronchiolitis (up to 80% of cases) and lower respiratory tract disease including pneumonia ... | 2016 | 27034777 |
| clinical presentation and birth outcomes associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in pregnancy. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of viral pneumonia in children worldwide. a maternal vaccine may protect both the mother and infant from rsv illness. the epidemiology and clinical presentation of rsv in pregnant and postpartum women is not well-described. | 2016 | 27031702 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in severe lower respiratory tract infections in children under two. | viruses are the most important causative agents of acute lower respiratory tract infections (alrtis), ranked as the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of hospitalization in children. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are among the commonest viral causes of severe alrti. in this study, we aimed to study the burden of both rsv and hmpv in causing severe alrti in children younger than two years of age admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (p ... | 2016 | 27031461 |
| healthcare workers mobile phone usage: a potential risk for viral contamination. surveillance pilot study. | mobile phones are commonly used by healthcare workers (hcw) in the working environment, as they allow instant communication and endless resource utilisation. studies suggest that mobile phones have been implicated as reservoirs of bacterial pathogens, with the potential to cause nosocomial infection. this study aimed to investigate the presence of respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and influenza virus on hcws mobile phones and to identify risk factors implied by hcws practice of mobile phon ... | 2016 | 27030915 |
| novel respiratory syncytial virus-like particle vaccine composed of the postfusion and prefusion conformations of the f glycoprotein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and children and represents an important global health burden for the elderly and the immunocompromised. despite decades of research efforts, no licensed vaccine for rsv is available. we have developed virus-like particle (vlp)-based rsv vaccines assembled with the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) matrix protein (m) as the structural scaffold and the rsv fusion glycoprotein (f) in either the postfusion or ... | 2016 | 27030590 |
| epidemiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection in hiv-exposed uninfected infants. | increased morbidity and mortality from lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) has been suggested in hiv-exposed uninfected (heu) children; however, the contribution of respiratory viruses is unclear. we studied the epidemiology of lrti hospitalization in hiv-unexposed uninfected (huu) and heu infants aged <6 months in south africa. | 2016 | 27025960 |
| epidemiology of australian influenza-related paediatric intensive care unit admissions, 1997-2013. | influenza virus predictably causes an annual epidemic resulting in a considerable burden of illness in australia. children are disproportionately affected and can experience severe illness and complications, which occasionally result in death. | 2016 | 27023740 |
| resource utilization for noncardiac admissions in pediatric patients with single ventricle disease. | patients with single ventricle (sv) congenital heart disease (chd) incur high hospital costs during staged surgical palliation. health care resource utilization for noncardiac admissions in patients with sv has not been reported. this study sought to compare costs and outcomes for common noncardiac hospital admissions between patients with sv and patients without chd. hospital discharge data from the university health system consortium from january 2011 to december 2013 was queried for patients ... | 2016 | 27018934 |
| tiotropium attenuates virus-induced pulmonary inflammation in cigarette smoke-exposed mice. | viral infections trigger exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), and tiotropium, a m3 receptor antagonist, reduces exacerbations in patients by unknown mechanisms. in this report, we investigated whether tiotropium has anti-inflammatory effects in mice exposed to cigarette smoke (cs) and infected with influenza virus a/pr/8/34 (h1n1) or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and compared these effects with those of steroid fluticasone and pde4-inhibitor roflumilast. mice were e ... | 2016 | 27016458 |
| viral etiology of severe acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children in cameroon, 2011-2013. | severe acute respiratory illness (sari) is recognized as an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization among children in developing countries. little is known, however, in tropical countries like cameroon about the cause and seasonality of respiratory infections, especially in hospitalized settings. | 2016 | 27012372 |
| [controlling an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv among nicu patients and the medical team]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv is the most common cause of respiratory infections in infants, causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia. premature infants have an increased risk for developing severe illness and even death. a monoclonal antibody vaccination named palivizumab is available for preventing rsv infection. we describe an outbreak and control of rsv infections in one of our neonatal intensive care units, involving three patients and two medical team members. | 2016 | 27012069 |
| influence of respiratory syncytial virus f glycoprotein conformation on induction of protective immune responses. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) vaccine development has received new impetus from structure-based studies of its main protective antigen, the fusion (f) glycoprotein. three soluble forms of f have been described: monomeric, trimeric prefusion, and trimeric postfusion. most human neutralizing antibodies recognize epitopes found exclusively in prefusion f. although prefusion f induces higher levels of neutralizing antibodies than does postfusion f, postfusion f can also induce protection ... | 2016 | 27009962 |
| increasing the complexity of respiratory syncytial virus infection: reactive oxygen species, dna damage, and premature senescence. | 2016 | 27008410 | |
| nigrodiquinone a, a hydroanthraquinone dimer containing a rare c-9-c-7' linkage from a zoanthid-derived nigrospora sp. fungus. | one new hydroanthraquinone dimer with a rare c-9-c-7' linkage, nigrodiquinone a (1), and four known anthraquinone monomers 2-5, were isolated from a fungus nigrospora sp. obtained from the zoanthid palythoa haddoni collected in the south china sea. the structure of 1 was established through extensive nmr spectroscopy, and the absolute configuration was elucidated by comparing computed electronic circular dichroism (ecd) and optical rotations (or) with experimental results. all the compounds were ... | 2016 | 27005638 |
| actin- and clathrin-dependent mechanisms regulate interferon gamma release after stimulation of human immune cells with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause recurrent and severe respiratory tract infections. cytoskeletal proteins are often involved during viral infections, either for cell entry or the initiation of the immune response. the importance of actin and clathrin dynamics for cell entry and the initiation of the cellular immune response against rsv in human immune cells is not known yet. the aim of this study was to investigate the role of actin and clathrin on cell entry of rsv and the subsequent ... | 2016 | 27004689 |
| immunogenicity of an adeno-vector vaccine expressing the f protein of a respiratory syncytial virus manufactured from serum-free suspension culture. | we have developed an efficient cell culture process to scale up the production of a recombinant adenovirus that expresses the membrane-trunked fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv; ad-f0δtm). adherent cells of human embryonic kidney (hek) 293-derived cell, 293a, which supports the production of e1/e3-deleted ad-f0δtm when cultured in the presence of fetal bovine serum (fbs), were adapted to suspension growth under serum-free medium. in doing so, we studied the immunogenicity of ad- ... | 2016 | 27001351 |
| [the comparative analysis of effectiveness of quick tests in diagnostic of influenza and respiratory syncytial viral infection in children]. | the analysis was implemented concerning diagnostic parameters of commercial quick tests (immune chromatographic tests binaxnow influenza a&b and binaxnow rsv alere, scarborough inc., usa) under detection of antigens of influenza virus a and respiratory syncytial virus in clinical materials. the polymerase chain reaction in real-time and isolation ofviruses in cell cultures. the analysis of naso-pharyngeal smears from 116 children demonstrated that sensitivity and specifcity of detection of influ ... | 2015 | 26999865 |
| neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection has an effect on lung inflammation and the cd4(+) cd25(+) t cell subpopulation during ovalbumin sensitization in adult mice. | in balb/c adult mice, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection enhances the degree of lung inflammation before and/or after ovalbumin (ova) respiratory sensitization. however, it is unclear whether rsv infection in newborn mice has an effect on the immune response to ova respiratory sensitization in adult mice. the aim of this study was to determine if rsv neonatal infection alters t cd4(+) population and lung inflammation during ova respiratory sensitization in adult mice. balb/c mice were i ... | 2016 | 26990762 |
| performance evaluation of four rapid antigen tests for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus. | rapid identification of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is important in the management of infected patients. rapid diagnostic tests (rdt) are widely used for this purpose. this study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of four rsv antigen tests including the binaxnow rsv card test, sd bioline rsv test, bd veritor rsv test, and humasis rsv antigen test in comparison with real-time rt-pcr as the reference method. nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 280 patients with symptoms of lower ... | 2016 | 26990654 |
| outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in immunocompromised adults on a hematology ward. | we describe an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on a hematology ward without allogeneic stem cell transplant patients. twelve patients and one staff member infected with rsv were identified from the laboratory database. five patients had lower respiratory tract infection, seven had upper respiratory tract infection, one was asymptomatic, and there were two (15.4%) deaths. most patients had overlapping periods of potential infectiousness on the ward. sequencing was possible ... | 2016 | 26990584 |
| viral infections in children in the 2014/2015 epidemic season in poland. | in every epidemic season, viral infections affect the general population, including children, which is an underestimated issue. the present study demonstrates the results of examination of 802 clinical samples obtained from pediatric patients aged 0-14 years during the 2014/2015 epidemic season in poland. the study was part of the virological surveillance systems - sentinel and non-sentinel. a positive result for virological infection was obtained in 50.9 % of samples tested. the distribution of ... | 2016 | 26987329 |
| determinants of early life immune responses to rsv infection. | respiratory syncytial virus causes significant morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries, and a vaccine that adequately protects from severe disease remains an important unmet need. rsv disease has an inordinate impact on the very young, and the physical and immunological immaturity of early life complicates vaccine design. defining and targeting the functional capacities of early life immune responses and controlling responses during primary antigen exposure with select ... | 2016 | 26986236 |
| high pneumococcal density correlates with more mucosal inflammation and reduced respiratory syncytial virus disease severity in infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants. a small percentage of the infected infants develops a severe infection, while most of these severely ill patients were previously healthy. it remains unclear why these children develop severe rsv infections. in this study, we investigate whether pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage patterns correlate with mucosal inflammation and severity of disease. | 2016 | 26983753 |
| transcriptional analysis of antiviral small molecule therapeutics as agonists of the rlr pathway. | the recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns (pamps) by pattern recognition receptors (prr) during viral infection initiates the induction of antiviral signaling pathways, including activation of the interferon regulator factor 3 (irf3). we identified small molecule compounds that activate irf3 through mavs, thereby inhibiting infection by viruses of the families flaviviridae (west nile virus, dengue virus and hepatitis c virus), filoviridae (ebola virus), orthomyxoviridae (influenz ... | 2016 | 26981429 |
| a generic screening platform for inhibitors of virus induced cell fusion using cellular electrical impedance. | fusion of the viral envelope with host cell membranes is an essential step in the life cycle of all enveloped viruses. despite such a clear target for antiviral drug development, few anti-fusion drugs have progressed to market. one significant hurdle is the absence of a generic, high-throughput, reproducible fusion assay. here we report that real time, label-free measurement of cellular electrical impedance can quantify cell-cell fusion mediated by either individually expressed recombinant viral ... | 2016 | 26976324 |
| associations between exposure to viruses and bovine respiratory disease in australian feedlot cattle. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) is the most important cause of clinical disease and death in feedlot cattle. respiratory viral infections are key components in predisposing cattle to the development of this disease. to quantify the contribution of four viruses commonly associated with brd, a case-control study was conducted nested within the national bovine respiratory disease initiative project population in australian feedlot cattle. effects of exposure to bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (bvdv ... | 2016 | 26972273 |
| the influence of birth weight amongst 33-35 weeks gestational age (wga) infants on the risk of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation: a pooled analysis. | to investigate the association between birth weight and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation during the first year of life in 33°-35(6) weeks' gestational age (wga) infants. | 2017 | 26965584 |
| association between secondary thrombocytosis and viral respiratory tract infections in children. | secondary thrombocytosis (st) is frequently observed in children with a variety of clinical conditions. the leading cause of st is respiratory tract infection (rti) in children. nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected and assessed for common respiratory viruses. the relationships between virus infections and secondary thrombocytosis were analyzed retrospectively. the blood platelet count and the presence of respiratory viruses were determined for 3156 rti patients, and 817 (25.9%) cases w ... | 2016 | 26965460 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection and bronchial hyperreactivity in children up to two years of age in correlation with atopy. | bronchiolitis in early childhood caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is considered to be important risk factor of the recurrent wheezing and asthma development. the aim of this study was to examine the frequency of rsv infection and atopy in children up to two years of age and to determine their correlation with bronchial hyperreactivity. | 2016 | 26964386 |
| viruses as sole causative agents of severe acute respiratory tract infections in children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a viruses are known to cause severe acute respiratory tract infections (saris) in children. for other viruses like human rhinoviruses (hrvs) this is less well established. viral or bacterial co-infections are often considered essential for severe manifestations of these virus infections. | 2016 | 26964038 |
| current landscape of antiviral drug discovery. | continued discovery and development of new antiviral medications are paramount for global human health, particularly as new pathogens emerge and old ones evolve to evade current therapeutic agents. great success has been achieved in developing effective therapies to suppress human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv); however, the therapies are not curative and therefore current efforts in hiv and hbv drug discovery are directed toward longer-acting therapies and/or developin ... | 2016 | 26962437 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pulmonary infection in humanized mice induces human anti-rsv immune responses and pathology. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease, which causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in infants and the elderly. models of human rsv pulmonary disease are needed to better understand rsv pathogenesis and to assess the efficacy of rsv vaccines. we assessed the rsv-specific human innate, humoral, and cellular immune responses in humanized mice (mice with a human immune system [his mice]) with functional human cd4(+) t and b cells. these mice w ... | 2016 | 26962219 |
| incidence of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection amongst children in ontario, canada: a population-based study using validated health administrative data. | rsv is a common illness among young children that causes significant morbidity and health care costs. | 2016 | 26958849 |
| antigenic drift of a/h3n2/virus and circulation of influenza-like viruses during the 2014/2015 influenza season in poland. | morbidity rates of influenza could be greatly reduced due to vaccination. however, the virus is able to evolve through genetic mutations, which is why vaccines with updated composition are necessary every season. their effectiveness depends on whether there is a good antigenic match between circulating viruses and vaccine strains. in poland, the 2014/2015 influenza epidemic started in week 5 (january/february) of 2015 and continued until week 17 (april) of 2015. the influenza activity was modera ... | 2016 | 26956457 |
| implementation of american academy of pediatrics guidelines for palivizumab prophylaxis in a pediatric hospital. | one hospital's implementation of revised american academy of pediatrics (aap) guidelines for palivizumab prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is described. | 2016 | 26953285 |
| prevalence of respiratory viruses among children hospitalized from respiratory infections in shenzhen, china. | the prevalence of local dominant viral etiologies is important for clinical management and prevention of common viral respiratory tract infections. unfortunately, there is limited large-scale data about common viral respiratory infection in south china. to survey dominant viral etiology and seasonality of acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children, a 4-year consecutive study was conducted in shenzhen, china. | 2016 | 26952107 |
| rsv-related thrombocytopenia associated with transient cytogenetic abnormalities in a recipient of umbilical cord blood transplantation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are associated with thrombocytopenia. the underlying mechanism of thrombocytopenia in this setting is unknown. herein, we report a case of rsv-related thrombocytopenia associated with transient cytogenetic abnormalities that occurred following umbilical cord blood transplantation. | 2016 | 26949553 |
| the contributions of allergic sensitization and respiratory pathogens to asthma inception. | of the chronic diseases affecting grade-school children, asthma is the most common and accounts for the greatest number of school days missed. moreover, it can influence family dynamics and function in other ways, and unfortunately, it can also be associated with mortality, particularly in the inner-city environments of the united states. thus understanding factors that lead to its development in early life is essential in developing strategies aimed at primary prevention. two risk factors that ... | 2016 | 26947979 |
| effect of gubenfangxiao decoction on respiratory syncytial virus-induced asthma and expression of asthma susceptibility gene orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 in mice. | to investigate the effect of guben-fangxiao decoction (gbfxd) on respiratory-syncytial-virus (rsv)-induced asthma and the expression of asthma susceptibility gene, orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ormdl3) in mice. | 2016 | 26946626 |
| a numerically subdominant cd8 t cell response to matrix protein of respiratory syncytial virus controls infection with limited immunopathology. | cd8 t cells are involved in pathogen clearance and infection-induced pathology in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. studying bulk responses masks the contribution of individual cd8 t cell subsets to protective immunity and immunopathology. in particular, the roles of subdominant responses that are potentially beneficial to the host are rarely appreciated when the focus is on magnitude instead of quality of response. here, by evaluating cd8 t cell responses in cb6f1 hybrid mice, in whi ... | 2016 | 26943673 |
| seasonal dynamics of the airborne bacterial community and selected viruses in a children's daycare center. | children's daycare centers appear to be hubs of respiratory infectious disease transmission, yet there is only limited information about the airborne microbial communities that are present in daycare centers. we have investigated the microbial community of the air in a daycare center, including seasonal dynamics in the bacterial community and the presence of specific viral pathogens. we collected filters from the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (hvac) system of a daycare center every ... | 2016 | 26942410 |
| bovine gamma delta t cells contribute to exacerbated il-17 production in response to co-infection with bovine rsv and mannheimia haemolytica. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection in children under five years of age. il-17 and th17 responses are increased in children infected with hrsv and have been implicated in both protective and pathogenic roles during infection. bovine rsv (brsv) is genetically closely related to hrsv and is a leading cause of severe respiratory infections in young cattle. while brsv infection in the calf parallels many aspects of human infection w ... | 2016 | 26942409 |
| incorporating transmission into causal models of infectious diseases for improved understanding of the effect and impact of risk factors. | conventional measures of causality (which compare risks between exposed and unexposed individuals) do not factor in the population-scale dynamics of infectious disease transmission. we used mathematical models of 2 childhood infections (respiratory syncytial virus and rotavirus) to illustrate this problem. these models incorporated 3 causal pathways whereby malnutrition could act to increase the incidence of severe infection: increasing the proportion of infected children who develop severe infe ... | 2016 | 26940116 |
| virological surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses during six consecutive seasons from 2006 to 2012 in catalonia, spain. | most attention is given to seasonal influenza and respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks, but the cumulative burden caused by other respiratory viruses (rv) is not widely considered. the aim of the present study is to describe the circulation of rv in the general population during six consecutive seasons from 2006 to 2012 in catalonia, spain. cell culture, immunofluorescence and pcr-based assays were used for the rv laboratory-confirmation and influenza subtyping. phylogenetic and molecular chara ... | 2016 | 26939538 |
| correction: correction: molecular characterization of circulating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genotypes in gilgit baltistan province of pakistan during 2011-2012 winter season. | 2016 | 26938668 | |
| molecular evolutionary dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus group a in recurrent epidemics in coastal kenya. | the characteristic recurrent epidemics of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) within communities may result from the genetic variability of the virus and associated evolutionary adaptation, reducing the efficiency of preexisting immune responses. we analyzed the molecular evolutionary changes in the attachment (g) glycoprotein of rsv-a viruses collected over 13 epidemic seasons (2000 to 2012) in kilifi (n = 649), kenya, and contemporaneous sequences (n = 1,131) collected elsewhere within ken ... | 2016 | 26937038 |
| therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule gs-5734 against ebola virus in rhesus monkeys. | the most recent ebola virus outbreak in west africa, which was unprecedented in the number of cases and fatalities, geographic distribution, and number of nations affected, highlights the need for safe, effective, and readily available antiviral agents for treatment and prevention of acute ebola virus (ebov) disease (evd) or sequelae. no antiviral therapeutics have yet received regulatory approval or demonstrated clinical efficacy. here we report the discovery of a novel small molecule gs-5734, ... | 2016 | 26934220 |
| incidence and viral aetiologies of acute respiratory illnesses (aris) in the united states: a population-based study. | we conducted prospective, community-wide surveillance for acute respiratory illnesses (aris) in rochester, ny and marshfield, wi during a 3-month period in winter 2011. we estimated the incidence of aris in each community, tested for viruses, and determined the proportion of aris associated with healthcare visits. we used a rolling cross-sectional design to sample participants, conducted telephone interviews to assess ari symptoms (defined as a current illness with feverishness or cough within t ... | 2016 | 26931351 |
| prediction model of rsv-hospitalization in late preterm infants: an update and validation study. | new vaccines and rsv therapeutics have been developed in the past decade. with approval of these new pharmaceuticals on the horizon, new challenges lie ahead in selecting the appropriate target population. we aimed to improve a previously published prediction model for prediction of rsv-hospitalization within the first year of life. | 2016 | 26930376 |
| [human respiratory syncytial virus, genotype ontario]. | 2015 | 26928507 | |
| albuterol use in children hospitalized with human metapneumovirus respiratory infection. | introduction. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus from the same subfamily as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and causes similar acute lower respiratory tract infection. albuterol in the setting of acute rsv infection is controversial and has not yet been studied in hmpv. we sought to determine the frequency of albuterol use in hmpv infection and the association between albuterol administration and patient outcomes. methods. we conducted a retrospective cohort study identifying all ... | 2016 | 26925109 |
| review of the home care programmes for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in ireland and the netherlands. | severe infection of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of morbidity in the developed world and mortality in the developing world. prophylaxis using palivizumab in infants at risk for severe rsv disease reduces the rate of hospitalisation in this population of children. to ensure complete prophylaxis, infants must receive monthly doses over the winter season. to improve parental convenience, the synacare(®) programme was implemented in ireland and the netherlands. s ... | 2017 | 26924927 |
| γδ t cells and the immune response to respiratory syncytial virus infection. | γδ t cells are a subset of nonconventional t cells that play a critical role in bridging the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. γδ t cells are particularly abundant in ruminant species and may constitute up to 60% of the circulating lymphocyte pool in young cattle. the frequency of circulating γδ t cells is highest in neonatal calves and declines as the animal ages, suggesting these cells may be particularly important in the immune system of the very young. bovine respiratory syncyti ... | 2016 | 26923879 |
| current practices for treatment of respiratory syncytial virus and other non-influenza respiratory viruses in high-risk patient populations: a survey of institutions in the midwestern respiratory virus collaborative. | the optimal treatment for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in adult immunocompromised patients is unknown. we assessed the management of rsv and other non-influenza respiratory viruses in midwestern transplant centers. | 2016 | 26923867 |
| facile and rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus using metallic nanoparticles. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe respiratory infection in infants, children and elderly. currently, there is no effective vaccine or rsv specific drug for the treatment. however, an antiviral drug ribavirin and palivizumab is prescribed along with symptomatic treatment. rsv detection is important to ensure appropriate treatment of children. most commonly used detection methods for rsv are dfa, elisa and real-time pcr which are expensive and time consuming. newer approach of plasmo ... | 2016 | 26921130 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis of respiratory viral coinfections in children. | respiratory infections are a common cause of paediatric morbidity. clinical outcomes in children hospitalized with single respiratory virus infection are compared with those with two or more viral-viral coinfection. studies were restricted to those reporting on children aged less than 5 years (prospero crd#42014009133). published data to calculate risk ratios (rr) comparing children with single viral infections to coinfection using a random effects model were used. similar analyses by pathogen p ... | 2016 | 26919484 |
| epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children in england, 2010-2014: the importance of birth month. | the epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in young children has not recently been described in england, and is an essential step in identifying optimal target groups for future licensed rsv vaccines. we used two laboratory surveillance systems to examine the total number and number of positive rsv tests in children aged <5 years in england from 2010 to 2014. we derived odds ratios (ors) with 95% confidence intervals (cis) comparing children by birth mo ... | 2016 | 26916807 |
| [recommendations for palivizumab use. update 2015]. | this recommendation updates the argentinean pediatrics' neonatal committee (cefen) ones published in 2007. the respiratory syncytial virus is the most frequent agent for lower respiratory infection. tiny premature, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and significant hemodynamic congenital heart disease babies are the most vulnerable populations. palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus used in the cold season. these recommendations are based on the scientific rev ... | 2016 | 26914078 |
| seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus in buenos aires. relationship with global climate change. | global climate change circulation pattern respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). we assessed whether rsv season has changed over the past 20 years and its correlation with mean annual temperature. | 2016 | 26914075 |
| paediatric apnoeas are not related to a specific respiratory virus, and parental reports predict hospitalisation. | the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of apnoeas in previously healthy young infants with acute respiratory tract infection (ari) and correlate their occurrence with isolated micro-organisms, clinical findings, disease severity and outcome. | 2016 | 26910649 |
| effect of co-culturing human primary basic fibroblasts with respiratory syncytial virus-infected 16-hbe cells. | this study investigated the effects induced by co-culturing human primary basic fibroblasts (hpbfs) with 16-human bronchial epithelial cells (16-hbe) infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), in particular the transformation of hpbfs into myofibroblasts and secretion of extracellular matrix proteins. hpbfs were co-cultured with 16-hbe cells infected with rsv and quantitatively analyzed. we constructed models of hpbfs co-cultured with 16-hbe cells that were either uninfected (control group ... | 2016 | 26909955 |
| corticosteroid use as adjunct therapy for respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes significant morbidity and mortality in allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-sct) recipients. although ribavirin and immunoglobulins are common components of therapy, the role of adjunct corticosteroids is not established. | 2016 | 26909896 |
| atypical presentations of respiratory syncytial virus infection: case series. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) usually causes a lower respiratory tract infection in affected patients. rsv has also been infrequently linked to extrapulmonary diseases in children. we report four children who had unusually severe clinical manifestations of rsv infections requiring critical care admission. these patients presented to the royal hospital, muscat, oman, in december 2013 with acute necrotising encephalopathy (ane), acute fulminant hepatic failure with encephalopathy, pneumato ... | 2016 | 26909220 |
| a celebration of the life and work of caroline breese hall, md. | 2016 | 26908498 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus - more chimera than chimpanzee? | 2016 | 26906878 | |
| management of bronchiolitis in community hospitals in ontario: a multicentre cohort study. | bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospital admission for infants, but few studies have examined management of this condition in community hospital settings. we reviewed the management of children with bronchiolitis presenting to community hospitals in ontario. | 2016 | 26906352 |
| [lower respiratory tract infection caused by influenza virus a and influenza virus b in wenzhou, china: a clinical analysis of 366 children]. | to compare the epidemiological and clinical features of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) caused by influenza virus a (iva) and influenza virus b (ivb) in children. | 2016 | 26903057 |
| latest options for treatment of bronchiolitis in infants. | bronchiolitis is the most frequent pathology associated with lower respiratory tract infection in newborns and young infants. the treatment of bronchiolitis is essentially supportive therapy for respiratory distress, hypoxia and dehydration. to date, no specific antiviral drug is used on a routine basis for the treatment of rsv infections. currently, the only antiviral drug approved for the infection is ribavirin; however, its use is limited due to adverse side effects and the risks it poses to ... | 2016 | 26901672 |
| risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes a significant public health burden, and outbreaks among vulnerable patients in hospital settings are of particular concern. we reviewed published and unpublished literature from hospital settings to assess: (i) nosocomial rsv transmission risk (attack rate) during outbreaks, (ii) effectiveness of infection control measures. we searched the following databases: medline, embase, cinahl, cochrane library, together with key websites, journals and grey literat ... | 2016 | 26901358 |
| genetic association of tlr4 asp299gly, tlr4 thr399ile, and cd14 c-159t polymorphisms with the risk of severe rsv infection: a meta-analysis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent cause of hospitalization in infants worldwide. it is recognized by toll-like receptor 4 (tlr 4) and cluster of differentiation 14 (cd14) in the innate immune response. previous case-control studies reported the influence of tlr4 asp299gly, tlr4 thr399ile, and cd14 c-159t polymorphisms on the risk of severe rsv infection. however, a decisive conclusion has not been achieved. therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to examine the associatio ... | 2016 | 26901241 |
| intrinsic disorder to order transitions in the scaffold phosphoprotein p from the respiratory syncytial virus rna polymerase complex. | intrinsic disorder is at the center of biochemical regulation and is particularly overrepresented among the often multifunctional viral proteins. replication and transcription of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) relies on a rna polymerase complex with a phosphoprotein cofactor p as the structural scaffold, which consists of a four-helix bundle tetramerization domain flanked by two domains predicted to be intrinsically disordered. because intrinsic disorder cannot be reduced to a defined ato ... | 2016 | 26901160 |
| antibody response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in children <18 months old. | the development of a safe and effective respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine might be facilitated by knowledge of the natural immune response to this virus. the aims of this study were to evaluate the neutralizing antibody response of a cohort of healthy children <18 months old to rsv infection. during the rsv season, 89 healthy children <18 months old were enrolled and followed up weekly for 12 weeks. at each visit, a nasopharyngeal swab was obtained for rsv detection by real-time polymera ... | 2016 | 26901128 |
| naso-pharyngeal carriage of organisms in children aged 3-59 months diagnosed with severe community-acquired pneumonia. | to study the naso-pharyngeal carriage of organisms in children diagnosed with severe pneumonia. | 2016 | 26897143 |
| vitamin d [1,25(oh)2d3] differentially regulates human innate cytokine responses to bacterial versus viral pattern recognition receptor stimuli. | vitamin d plays multiple roles in regulation of protective and maladaptive immunity. although epidemiologic studies link poor in vivo 25(oh)d status to increased viral respiratory infections, we poorly understand how vitamin d affects viral pattern recognition receptor (prr)-driven cytokine production. in this study, we hypothesized that the biologically active metabolite of vitamin d, 1,25(oh)2d3, inhibits human proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory innate cytokine responses stimulated by repre ... | 2016 | 26895836 |
| conidial heads (fruiting bodies) as a hallmark for histopathological diagnosis of angioinvasive aspergillosis. | aspergillosis is a mycosis that afflicts immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts; among the former it exhibits different clinical pictures, and among the latter the infection renders an invasive form of the disease. the histologic diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis is somewhat challenging mostly because of some morphological similarities between other fungi. however, when present, the conidial heads are pathognomonic of aspergillosis. the authors present the case of a 68-year-old woman who ... | 2017 | 26894041 |
| do recombinant-engineered nanoparticle vaccines hold promise for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus? | 2016 | 26893211 | |
| evidence of respiratory syncytial virus spread by aerosol. time to revisit infection control strategies? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a highly contagious pathogen with a huge global health impact. it is a major cause of hospital-acquired infection; a large number of those exposed develop infection. those infected in hospital are at increased risk of a severe clinical course. prevention of nosocomial spread currently focuses on spread by hand and large droplets. there is little research evidence to determine if aerosol spread of infectious rsv is possible. | 2016 | 26890617 |
| evaluation of recent new vaccine surveillance network data regarding respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization rates in us preterm infants. | in july 2014, the committee on infectious diseases (coid) updated their guidance on the use of palivizumab, recommending against use in preterm infants 29 to 35 weeks' gestational age (wga). a primary data source cited to support this significant change was the low respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization rate observed in the subpopulation of preterm (<37 wga) infants evaluated from 2000 to 2005 through the new vaccine surveillance network (nvsn). here we critically appraise the preterm ... | 2016 | 26889568 |
| current views and advances on paediatric virology: an update for paediatric trainees. | paediatric virology is a bold new scientific field, which combines paediatrics with virology, epidemiology, molecular medicine, evidence-based medicine, clinical governance, quality improvement, pharmacology and immunology. the workshop on paediatric virology, which took place on saturday october 10, 2015 in athens, greece, provided an overview of recent views and advances on viral infections occurring in neonates and children. it was included in the official programme of the 20th world congress ... | 2016 | 26889211 |
| epidemic activity of respiratory syncytial virus is related to temperature and rainfall in equatorial tropical countries. | although viral acute lower respiratory infections (alris) are a major public health problem in tropical low- and middle-income countries (lmics), and there is growing evidence showing their relationship with meteorological parameters, studies performed in these countries are scarce. in an analytical cross-sectional study, we determined which of the main meteorological parameters (temperature, absolute humidity, rainfall, wind speed, and solar radiation) predicted respiratory syncytial virus (rsv ... | 2016 | 26888544 |
| evaluation of epidemiological and clinical features of influenza and other respiratory viruses. | in our study, we aimed to clinically and epidemiologically evaluate respiratory tract infections the viral agents of which were detected by molecular methods and to compare influenza and other respiratory tract viruses in this context. | 2015 | 26884691 |
| cytokine responses in primary and secondary respiratory syncytial virus infections. | primary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are characterized by high levels of il-8 and an intense neutrophilia. little is known about the cytokine responses in secondary infections. preschool children experiencing rsv secondary infections were recruited from the siblings of infants admitted to hospital with rsv acute bronchiolitis. | 2016 | 26882371 |
| new insight into the pathogenesis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome: role of the persistence of respiratory tract virus in immune disorders. | the pathogenesis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (mcns) is a complex clinical problem which, unfortunately, has been in need of significant breakthroughs for decades. improved understanding of the mechanisms is important to develop effective treatment strategies. to our knowledge, the pathogenesis of mcns is multifactorial, involving both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, reasonable to be regarded as a "long chain" cascade reaction. current studies implicating that the disease could probably ... | 2016 | 26876386 |
| adverse effects of a 10-day course of ibuprofen in holstein calves. | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) are recommended for various conditions in cattle. ibuprofen is an inexpensive short-acting nsaid and is readily available in liquid formulation for administration to bottle-fed calves. we compared the adverse effects of a 10-day course of ibuprofen and placebo in 16 five- to six-week-old holstein bull calves that were being treated for experimentally induced bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection. ibuprofen was administered as a liquid in milk ... | 2016 | 26876241 |
| children hospitalized with rhinovirus bronchiolitis have asthma-like characteristics. | children with bronchiolitis often are considered a homogeneous group. however, in a multicenter, prospective study of 2207 young children hospitalized for bronchiolitis, we found that children with respiratory syncytial virus detected differ from those with rhinovirus detected; the latter patients resemble older children with asthma, including more frequent treatment with corticosteroids. | 2016 | 26875009 |
| cathelicidins have direct antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and protective function in vivo in mice and humans. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of respiratory tract infection in infants, causing significant morbidity and mortality. no vaccine or specific, effective treatment is currently available. a more complete understanding of the key components of effective host response to rsv and novel preventative and therapeutic interventions are urgently required. cathelicidins are host defense peptides, expressed in the inflamed lung, with key microbicidal and modulatory roles in innate hos ... | 2016 | 26873992 |
| meeting report: 4th isirv antiviral group conference: novel antiviral therapies for influenza and other respiratory viruses. | the international society for influenza and other respiratory virus diseases (isirv) held its 4th antiviral group conference at the university of texas on 2-4 june, 2015. with emerging resistance to the drugs currently licensed for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza viruses, primarily the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir phosphate (tamiflu) and the m2 inhibitors amantadine and rimantadine, and the lack of effective interventions against other respiratory viruses, the 3-day programme focus ... | 2016 | 26872862 |
| bacteremia in children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | the risk of bacteremia is considered low in children with acute bronchiolitis. however the rate of occult bacteremia in infants with rsv infection is not well established. the aim was to determine the actual rate and predictive factors of bacteremia in children admitted to hospital due to confirmed rsv acute respiratory illness (ari), using both conventional culture and molecular techniques. | 2016 | 26872131 |
| genetic variation in nfkbie is associated with increased risk of pneumococcal meningitis in children. | streptococcus pneumoniae and neisseria meningitidis are frequent pathogens in life-threatening infections. genetic variation in the immune system may predispose to these infections. nuclear factor-κb is a key component of the tlr-pathway, controlled by inhibitors, encoded by the genes nfkbia, nfkbie and nfkbiz. we aimed to replicate previous findings of genetic variation associated with invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd), and to assess whether similar associations could be found in invasive men ... | 2015 | 26870821 |
| causative agents of severe community acquired viral pneumonia among children in eastern thailand. | pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and young children. the most common causes of pneumonia in children are respiratory viruses. in thailand, the epidemiology of the viruses causing community-acquired pneumonia (cap) among children is poorly defined. in this cross sectional study we used nasopharyngeal samples collected from hospitalized children diagnosed with severe cap in accordance with who criteria between june 2013 and may 2014 to determine the causes of i ... | 2015 | 26867384 |
| the interaction between respiratory pathogens and mucus. | the interaction between respiratory pathogens and their hosts is complex and incompletely understood. this is particularly true when pathogens encounter the mucus layer covering the respiratory tract. the mucus layer provides an essential first host barrier to inhaled pathogens that can prevent pathogen invasion and subsequent infection. respiratory mucus has numerous functions and interactions, both with the host and with pathogens. this review summarizes the current understanding of respirator ... | 2016 | 26867175 |
| long-term shedding of influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and nosocomial epidemiology in patients with hematological disorders. | respiratory viruses are a cause of upper respiratory tract infections (urti), but can be associated with severe lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in immunocompromised patients. the objective of this study was to investigate the genetic variability of influenza virus, parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and the duration of viral shedding in hematological patients. nasopharyngeal swabs from hematological patients were screened for influenza, parainfluenza and rsv on a ... | 2016 | 26866481 |
| experimental animal model for analyzing immunobiological responses following vaccination with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus. | formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (fi-rsv) vaccine was developed in the 1960s. however, this vaccine does not prevent infection in rsv-naïve recipients and has the paradoxical effect of increasing the severity of rsv illness following natural infection, which has been a major obstacle to developing rsv vaccines. several experimental animal models for determining the cause of the severe symptoms in fi-rsv recipients have been developed. in the present study, cotton rats immunized w ... | 2016 | 26865035 |
| self-assembling protein nanoparticles in the design of vaccines. | for over 100 years, vaccines have been one of the most effective medical interventions for reducing infectious disease, and are estimated to save millions of lives globally each year. nevertheless, many diseases are not yet preventable by vaccination. this large unmet medical need demands further research and the development of novel vaccines with high efficacy and safety. compared to the 19th and early 20th century vaccines that were made of killed, inactivated, or live-attenuated pathogens, mo ... | 2015 | 26862374 |
| histophilus somni stimulates expression of antiviral proteins and inhibits brsv replication in bovine respiratory epithelial cells. | our previous studies showed that bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) followed by histophilus somni causes more severe bovine respiratory disease and a more permeable alveolar barrier in vitro than either agent alone. however, microarray analysis revealed the treatment of bovine alveolar type 2 (bat2) epithelial cells with h. somni concentrated culture supernatant (ccs) stimulated up-regulation of four antiviral protein genes as compared with brsv infection or dual treatment. this suggested ... | 2016 | 26859677 |
| dynamics of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage during the course of viral bronchiolitis. | the effect of viral infection on nasopharyngeal carriage of streptococcus pneumoniae during childhood is not well known. we studied dynamics of pneumococcal colonization by quantitative pcr during the natural course of viral bronchiolitis. at time of admission, 47 (47%) of 100 patients with bronchiolitis carried pneumococci. in patients with viral bronchiolitis who did not receive antibiotics, pneumococcal load decreased from time of admission to discharge (n = 35, cycle threshold 23 vs. 25, p = ... | 2016 | 26859410 |
| clinical outcomes in outpatient respiratory syncytial virus infection in immunocompromised children. | immunocompromised patients are at high risk for morbidity and mortality due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. increasingly, pediatric patients with malignancy or undergoing transplantation are managed primarily as outpatients. data regarding the clinical presentation and outcomes of rsv in the outpatient pediatric immunocompromised population are limited. | 2016 | 26859306 |
| one year duration of immunity of the modified live bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and type 2 and bovine herpesvirus-1 fractions of vista® once sq vaccine. | three studies were performed to determine the duration of immunity of the bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and type 2 (bvdv-1 and bvdv-2) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) fractions of a commercially prepared modified-live vaccine. vista® once sq (vista®) vaccine contains five modified-live viruses, bvdv-1, bvdv-2, bhv-1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and bovine parainfluenza 3 virus, and two modified-live bacteria, pasteurella multocida and mannheimia haemolytica. for all three studies, ... | 2016 | 26859238 |
| prevalence of rhinovirus in wheezing children: a comparison with respiratory syncytial virus wheezing. | to explore the distribution and clinical manifestations of rhinovirus infection in wheezing children, and compare the clinical differences between rhinovirus- and respiratory syncytial virus-induced wheezing. | 2016 | 26859065 |
| spontaneous pneumothorax with subcutaneous emphysema: a rare complication of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | viral bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and children under the age of 2. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the infecting agent in more than 50% of the cases. usually the clinical course is uneventful and complications are uncommon. secondary air leaks are a recognized rare complication of bronchiolitis, although the real incidence remains unknown. we report a case of a 21-month-old female that developed a spontaneous pneumothorax (pno) with subcutan ... | 2016 | 26858803 |