Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| germ cell death in the testis and its relation to spermatogenesis in the wax moth, galleria mellonella (lepidoptera: pyralidae), effects of facultative diapause. | the dichotomous spermatogenesis of many lepidopterans results in the production of two types of sperm: eupyrene sperm possessing a cell nucleus which participates in fertilisation, and apyrene ones, which lose their nuclei during development and whose function remains a mystery. the goal of our study was to analyse spermatogenesis at the end of the larval development of the wax moth, galleria mellonella, at an optimal temperature of 30 degrees c as well as to describe how they are affected by di ... | 2005 | 16217803 |
| specialization of the entomopathogenic nematode steinernema scapterisci with its mutualistic xenorhabdus symbiont. | the level of specialization of the entomopathogenic nematode steinernema scapterisci with its native xenorhabdus symbiont was investigated by testing (1) the influence of non-native bacterial strains on nematode fitness within an insect-host (galleria mellonella) and (2) specificity of the association between the nematode infective juveniles and non-native bacteria. all non-native xenorhabdus spp. or photorhabdus spp. strains tested were mutualistically associated with other entomopathogenic nem ... | 2005 | 16163505 |
| serial passage of the opportunistic pathogen aspergillus flavus through an insect host yields decreased saprobic capacity. | to study the early stages of the effect of host restriction on pathogen evolution, we subjected the opportunistic fungus aspergillus flavus to a serial propagation scheme, whereby insect-virulent conidia were selected for repeated passage through an insect host (galleria mellonella larvae) for 5 generations. of the 35 lineages promulgated through this scheme, there were no consistent changes in virulence, which was measured by percent mortality of the larvae. there were, however, increases in th ... | 2005 | 16091778 |
| comparative venom toxicity between pteromalus puparum and nasonia vitripennis (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) toward the hemocytes of their natural hosts, non-target insects and cultured insect cells. | crude venoms from two parasitoid species, pteromalus puparum and nasonia vitripennis (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) were assayed for biological activities toward hemocytes from two species of their natural hosts and eight species of their non-natural hosts as well as two lines of cultured lepidoptera cells, respectively. by inhibiting the spreading and viability of insect hemocytes, the venom from p. puparum displayed significantly higher activities toward plasmatocytes and granular cells from both ... | 2005 | 16026808 |
| superoxide production in galleria mellonella hemocytes: identification of proteins homologous to the nadph oxidase complex of human neutrophils. | the insect immune response has a number of structural and functional similarities to the innate immune response of mammals. the objective of the work presented here was to establish the mechanism by which insect hemocytes produce superoxide and to ascertain whether the proteins involved in superoxide production are similar to those involved in the nadph oxidase-induced superoxide production in human neutrophils. hemocytes of the greater wax moth (galleria mellonella) were shown to be capable of ... | 2005 | 15972506 |
| galleria mellonella as a model system to study cryptococcus neoformans pathogenesis. | evaluation of cryptococcus neoformans virulence in a number of nonmammalian hosts suggests that c. neoformans is a nonspecific pathogen. we used the killing of galleria mellonella (the greater wax moth) caterpillar by c. neoformans to develop an invertebrate host model system that can be used to study cryptococcal virulence, host immune responses to infection, and the effects of antifungal compounds. all varieties of c. neoformans killed g. mellonella. after injection into the insect hemocoel, c ... | 2005 | 15972469 |
| formation of a parasitophorous vacuole in a nonadequate experimental host: electron microscopical and x-ray microanalytical study. | an unusual mechanism of formation of a parasitophorous vacuole as a result of interaction between an invasive stage of a parasite (merozoites of a protozoon, mattesia dispora) and defense response of an insect host, galleria mellonella is reported. the entire ontogenesis of parasitophorous vacuole can be divided into five morphologically clearly discernible stages. they differed, e.g., in the contents and distribution of elements at subcellular level, as determined by direct in situ elemental an ... | 2005 | 15954527 |
| construction of a pseudomonas sp. derivative carrying the cry9aa gene from bacillus thuringiensis and a proposal for new standard criteria to assess entomocidal properties of bacteria. | an isolate of pseudomonas sp. (16s rdna sequence 98% homologous to p. graminis and p. lutea) was isolated from the phyllosphere of black pine in northern italy and used as a host for the gene encoding the cry9aa entomocidal toxin from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae. an expression system featuring a synthetic highest-consensus promoter specifically tailored for the regulated induction of cloned genes over a broad range of gram-negative bacteria was used to drive the production of the int ... | 2005 | 15950125 |
| [changes in the activity and pattern of hemolymph esterases in the larvae of wax moth galleria mellonella l. (lepidoptera, pyralidae) during mycosis]. | the extended pattern of multiple esterase forms has been revealed in the hemolymph of wax moth galleria mellonella larvae infected by the fungi metarhizium anisopliae, beauveria bassiana or paecilomyces fumoso-roseus. the total esterase activity of the hemolymph also increases during mycosis. mechanical damage of the cuticle, treatment with deltamethrin, and chilling of the caterpillars induced similar changes in the hemolymph pattern of esterase activity. presumably, the changed spectrum and ac ... | 2001 | 15926322 |
| up-regulation of prl, a subtilisin-like protease, during conidiation in the insect pathogen metarhizium anisopliae. | metarhizium anisopliae exhibits two different developmental patterns under nutrient-deprived conditions: appressorium formation in early stages and conidiation in late stages of pathogenesis in its insect hosts. in this study we isolated genes enriched during mature conidial production under nutrient-deprived conditions in m. anisopliae by using the method of suppression subtractive hybridization. we sequence-identified seven conidiation-associated genes (cag) in m. anisopliae. one of the genes, ... | 2005 | 15912947 |
| pathogenicity of bacterium, xenorhabdus nematophila isolated from entomopathogenic nematode (steinernema carpocapsae) and its secretion against galleria mellonella larvae. | the entomopathogenic bacterium, xenorhabdus nematophila was isolated from the hemolymph of galleria mellonella infected with steinernema carpocapsae. the bacterial cells and its metabolic secretions have been found lethal to the galleria larvae. toxic secretion in broth caused 95% mortality within 4 d of application whereas the bacterial cells caused 93% mortality after 6 d. when filter and sand substrates were compared, the later one was observed as appropriate. similarly, bacterial cells and s ... | 2005 | 15909327 |
| cyclic amp affects the haemocyte responses of larval galleria mellonella to selected antigens. | signal transduction of the innate immediate responses of insect haemocytes to foreign matter is rarely considered. herein using a combination of adenylate cyclase inhibitors and activators and phosphodiesterase inhibitors we determined that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) at high levels normally impairs non-self response. haemocyte contact with glass and bacteria lowered camp in vitro. inactive phosphodiesterases, including type 4, impaired haemocyte reactions in vitro. using the drugs in ... | 2005 | 15894004 |
| biochemical stress indicators of greater wax moth exposure to organophosphorus insecticides. | although acetylcholinesterase (ache) is the primary target of organophosphorus insecticides (ops), increasing evidence regarding their secondary effects suggests that ops disturb homeostasis of insects by generating free radical intermediates that trigger lipid peroxidation. we therefore investigated alterations in lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde (mda) content, and alanine aminotransferase (alt) and aspartate aminotransferase (ast) activities, in conjunction with ache activity as bio ... | 2005 | 15889724 |
| new cell lines from ephestia kuehniella: characterization and susceptibility to baculoviruses. | new cell lines from embryos of ephestia kuehniella were recently developed. primary cultures were initiated in september 2002 from 2 to 4 day old eggs in either modified tc-100 or excell 400 medium. from these initial cultures, one, originally isolated in the ex-cell medium, produced sufficient cell growth to allow subcultivation and eventually led to the establishment of two cell strains, one that forms multicellular vesicles in suspension and one consisting of tightly attached epithelial-like ... | 2004 | 15861225 |
| hemolymph coagulation and phenoloxidase in drosophila larvae. | hemolymph coagulation is a first response to wounding in insects. although studies have been performed in large-bodied insects such as the moth galleria mellonella, less is known about clotting in drosophila melanogaster, the insect most useful for genetic and molecular analyses of innate immunity. here we show the similarities between clots in drosophila and galleria by light- and electron microscopy. phenoloxidase changes the drosophila clot's physical properties through cross-linking and mela ... | 2005 | 15854679 |
| the structure of the juvenile hormone binding protein gene from galleria mellonella. | juvenile hormone (jh) and ecdysone are the key hormones controlling insect growth and development. the juvenile hormone binding protein (jhbp) is the first member in the array of proteins participating in jh signal transmission. in the present report a whole jhbp gene sequence (9790 bp) is described. the jhbp gene contains four introns (a-d). all the introns have common flanking sequences: gt at the 5' and ag at the 3' end. the first intron is in phase 1, the second in phase 2, and the third and ... | 2005 | 15843141 |
| [antioxidants activity in intestines of larvae galleria mellonella l. (lepidoptera, pyralidae) during bacillus thuringiensis ssp galleriae infection]. | 2005 | 15810658 | |
| the photorhabdus pir toxins are similar to a developmentally regulated insect protein but show no juvenile hormone esterase activity. | the genome of the insect pathogen photorhabdus luminescens strain tt01 contains numerous genes predicting toxins and proteases. within the p. luminescens tt01 genome, the products of two loci, plu 4093-plu 4092 and plu 4437-plu 4436, show oral insecticidal activity against both moth and mosquito larvae. the proteins encoded by these loci, here termed 'photorhabdus insect related' (pir) proteins a and b, show similarity both to delta-endotoxins from bacillus thuringiensis (bts) and a developmenta ... | 2005 | 15796978 |
| structure of an insect parvovirus (junonia coenia densovirus) determined by cryo-electron microscopy. | junonia coenia densovirus (jcdnv) belongs to the densovirus genus of the parvoviridae family and infects the larvae of the common buckeye butterfly. its capsid is icosahedral and consists of viral proteins vp1 (88 kda), vp2 (58 kda), vp3 (52 kda) and vp4 (47 kda). each viral protein has the same c terminus but differs in the length of its n-terminal extension. virus-like-particles (vlps) assemble spontaneously when the individual viral proteins are expressed by a recombinant baculovirus. we pres ... | 2005 | 15769470 |
| [changes in superoxide dismutase activity in various larval organs of greater wax moth (galleria mellonella l., lepidoptera: pyralidae) induced by infection with bacillus thuringiensis ssp. galleriae]. | we studied the changes in superoxide dismutase activity in organs of galleria mellonella larvae infected with two strains of bacillus thuringiensis. a considerable increase in superoxide dismutase activity was observed at the initial stages of infection, later the enzyme activity decreased and this decrease was timed to cessation of feeding and development of sepsis in the infected larvae. changes in the enzyme activity in the organs of larvae infected with a highly virulent strain of b. thuring ... | 2005 | 15768635 |
| impacts of fluctuating temperature on the development and infectivity of entomopathogenic nematode steinernema carpocapsae a10. | three different laboratory conditions were used to examine the impacts of fluctuating temperature on the development and infectivity of entomopathogenic nematode (epn) steinernema carpocaposae a10. set i experiments focused on the impact of cold stress early in the development cycle. in these studies galleria mellonella hosts were infected and incubated for 2 days at the control temperature of 23 degrees c and then subjected to lower temperatures of -10, 4, 10 or 14 degrees c, respectively, from ... | 2005 | 15766931 |
| effect of entomopathogenic fungus tolypocladium species metabolite efrapeptin on galleria mellonella agglutinin. | in the current study it has been found that efrapeptins, secondary metabolites of entomopathogenic fungi tolypocladium cylindrosporum, interfere with agglutinin. the effect of efrapeptins on g. mellonella agglutinin was tested using rabbit blood. the results revealed that the end point for control larvae were 12.5 whereas for treated larvae which injected with 5 microl of 5 microg efrapepins ml(-1) or 50 microg efrapepins ml(-1) the end points were 10.5 and 8.5, respectively. considering that ef ... | 2004 | 15759408 |
| protein kinase a affects galleria mellonella (insecta: lepidoptera) larval haemocyte non-self responses. | we used the protein kinase a (pka) specific activator sp-8-br-camps and type i inhibitor rp-8-br-camps alone and in combination to define the role of pka in the non-self responses of larval galleria mellonella haemocytes in vitro and in vivo. active pka depressed haemocyte responses whereas pka inhibition enhanced activities, including bacterial phagocytosis, the number of haemocytes with adherent bacteria, bacterial-induced haemocytic protein release and haemocyte adhesion to slides in vitro, a ... | 2005 | 15748211 |
| rapid age-related changes in infection behavior of entomopathogenic nematodes. | nonfeeding infective juvenile (ij) entomopathogenic nematodes (epns) are used as biological agents to control soil-dwelling insects, but poor storage stability remains an obstacle to their widespread acceptance by distributors and growers as well as a frustration to researchers. age is one factor contributing to variability in epn efficacy. we hypothesized that age effects on the infectiousness of ijs would be evident within the length of time necessary for ijs to infect a host. the penetration ... | 2004 | 15715211 |
| mass spectrometric analysis of head ganglia and neuroendocrine tissue of larval galleria mellonella (arthropoda, insecta). | a brain-retrocerebral complex-subesophageal ganglion acidified methanolic extract of 100 larval galleria mellonella (greater wax moth) was prepared for the isolation and identification of (neuro)peptides. to reduce sample complexity, the isolated peptides were roughly separated using a single, conventional chromatographic separation step. subsequently, screening of these fractions with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry in combination with nanoflow elect ... | 2005 | 15706623 |
| in vitro assessment of the influence of nutrition and temperature on growing rates of five duddingtonia flagrans isolates, their insecticidal properties and ability to impair heligmosomoides polygyrus motility. | diverse effects of two temperature regimes (20 and 30 degrees c) on the growing rates of five duddingtonia flagrans isolates (mucl 28429, cbs 143.83, cbs 561.92, cbs 565.50, and cbs 583.91) propagated on two liquid (mm, lb) and four solid substrates (cma, sab, sab-gm, and sab-hp) were observed. all d. flagrans isolates were able to produce chlamydospores but not on all substrates. none of the isolates produced trapping nets and conidia under applied growing conditions. d. flagrans isolates showe ... | 2005 | 15687018 |
| apolipophorin iii is a substrate for protease iv from pseudomonas aeruginosa. | our results demonstrated that pseudomonas aeruginosa serine protease iv degraded apolipophorin iii from the haemolymph of galleria mellonella larvae. apolp-iii protein was degraded in a stepwise manner. four intermediate forms of 15, 13.3, 11.9 and 9.5 kda were detected after 30 min digestion while only one of 5.6 kda was released after 1-h incubation time. n-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of 5.6 kda peptide revealed that it was released from apolp-iii after cleavage between lysine 70 and ... | 2005 | 15686832 |
| the pbgpe operon in photorhabdus luminescens is required for pathogenicity and symbiosis. | photorhabdus is a genus of gram-negative enterobacteriaceae that is pathogenic to insect larvae while also maintaining a mutualistic relationship with nematodes from the family heterorhabditis, where the bacteria occupy the gut of the infective juvenile (ij) stage of the nematode. in this study we describe the identification and characterization of a mutation in the pbge1 gene of photorhabdus luminescens tt01, predicted to be the fifth gene in the pbgpe operon. we show that this mutant, bmm305, ... | 2005 | 15601690 |
| insect cellular and chemical limitations to pathogen development: the colorado potato beetle, the nematode heterorhabditis marelatus, and its symbiotic bacteria. | this research examines possible factors limiting pathogen development and reproduction in a novel host insect. the nematode heterorhabditis marelatus and its symbiotic bacterium, photorhabdus luminescens, kill 98% of nematode-treated colorado potato beetle (cpb) prepupae, but the nematode reproduces in only 1-6% of beetles. we examined nematode/bacterial inhibition at each step of the normal developmental pathway to determine host feature(s) limiting nematode reproduction. we found that in vivo ... | 2004 | 15579320 |
| influence of temperature preferences of two paecilomyces fumosoroseus lineages on their co-infection pattern. | in order to clarify the epidemiological potential of entomopathogenic fungi for insect pest control, the role of the temperature as one environmental constraint was investigated on the pattern of co-infection of galleria mellonella by two distinct lineages of a hyphomycete, paecilomyces fumosoroseus. the distribution of conidial populations collected on cadavers of hosts co-infected under 20 regimes, ranging from 13 to 35 degrees c, was examined. the apparent temperature tolerance of both fungal ... | 2006 | 15579318 |
| variations in uv-b tolerance and germination speed of metarhizium anisopliae conidia produced on insects and artificial substrates. | solar ultraviolet radiation (uv-a and uv-b) is a major factor in failure of programs using the insect pathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae as a biological control agent. studies were conducted to determine if growth conditions, viz. artificial (agar media or rice grain) or natural (infected insects) substrates for conidial production affect two traits that directly influence performance of conidia after field application: tolerance to uv-b radiation and conidial germination speed. conidia of ... | 2004 | 15579316 |
| lipopolysaccharide binding of an exchangeable apolipoprotein, apolipophorin iii, from galleria mellonella. | a new role of apolipophorin iii (apolp-iii) as an immune activator has emerged recently. to gain insight into this novel function, the interaction of apolp-iii with lipopoly-saccharide (lps) was investigated. apolp-iii from galleria mellonella was incubated with lps from escherichia coli o55:b5, and analyzed by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). protein staining showed that apolp-iii mobility was significantly reduced. in addition, silver and lps fluorescent staining demon ... | 2004 | 15576334 |
| effect of pseudomonas aeruginosa crude proteolytic fraction on antibacterial activity of galleria mellonella haemolymph. | the antibacterial activity of immune haemolymph galleria mellonella directed against escherichia coli d31 was destroyed by pseudomonas aeruginosa crude proteolytic fraction. this was demonstrated by diffusion well assay and acid gel electrophoresis and subsequent bioautography. on the contrary, lysozyme activity appeared to be insensitive to extracellular proteases of p. aeruginosa when activity was determined using the bioautography method. in addition, no change in lysozyme protein level was o ... | 2004 | 15521655 |
| correlation between gliotoxin production and virulence of aspergillus fumigatus in galleria mellonella. | aspergillus fumigatus is a pathogenic fungus capable of causing both allergic lung disease and invasive aspergillosis, a serious, life-threatening condition in neutropenic patients. aspergilli express an array of mycotoxins and enzymes which may facilitate fungal colonisation of host tissue. in this study we investigated the possibility of using the insect, galleria mellonella, for in vivo pathogenicity testing of aspergillus species. four clinical isolates of aspergillus fumigatus and a single ... | 2004 | 15487324 |
| immune activation of apolipophorin-iii and its distribution in hemocyte from hyphantria cunea. | apolipophorin-iii (apolp-iii) is a hemolymph protein whose function is to facilitate lipid transport in an aqueous medium. recently, apolp-iii in galleria mellonella larvae was shown to play an unexpected role in insect immune activation. we identified the cdna sequence of hyphantria cunea apolp-iii by oligonucleotide-primed amplification, and 5'- and 3'-race pcr. since h. cunea has an unusually low level of apolp-iii in the hemolymph, a recombinant apolp-iii was overexpressed using a baculoviru ... | 2004 | 15475296 |
| production in vitro of toxic macromolecules by strains of beauveria bassiana, and purification of a chitosanase-like protein secreted by a melanizing isolate. | the production of macromolecular insecticidal toxins in adamek's medium by two selected strains of beauveria bassiana was investigated. filtrates and dialysates of the melanizing strain 618 were toxic when injected into the lepidopteran insect galleria mellonella. separation by deae chromatography revealed that peaks eluted respectively with 100 and 200 mm nacl (p 100 and p 200) had an insecticidal activity and induced cuticular blackening. a hydrophilic protein, bclp, which causes the formation ... | 2004 | 15450862 |
| metaphosphate in the excreta of the wax moth, galleria mellonella. | 1950 | 15439277 | |
| effects of two hemolymph proteins on humoral defense reactions in the wax moth, galleria mellonella. | two hemolymph proteins were isolated from the wax moth, galleria mellonella, larvae by a two-step procedure consisting of acid extraction and reversed phase (rp)-hplc. one was an apolipophorin iii (apolp-iii) previously characterized as a lipopolysaccharide (lps) binding protein in the hemolymph of g. mellonella. the other was confirmed to be a new protein with a molecular mass of 23,768.69 da, referred to as gm protein-24. the full-length cdna of gm protein-24 was cloned from the fat body. the ... | 2005 | 15325522 |
| [wide range of the use of natural lipases and esterases to inhibit mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | lipases and/or esterases (hereinafter referred to as esterases) isolated from the wax moth (galleria mellonella) were found to have a bacteriological action on mycobacterium tuberculosis (mbt) h37rv. different types of raw esterase preparations (rep) were incubated with mbt at 37 degrees c for 18 hours, the incubate was seeded on the finn-ii solid medium or intraperitoneally injected into guinea pigs in a single dose of 100,000,000 bacteria. there was no growth of mbt in the medium within 8 week ... | 2004 | 15315135 |
| bee moth (galleria mellonella) allergic reactions are caused by several thermolabile antigens. | exposure and contact with bee moth (galleria mellonella) larvae (gm) can cause an allergic reaction both in anglers and breeders. we described the case of an amateur fisherman who experienced an allergic reaction using gm but not using heat-treated gm (h-gm) (mummies). the aim of this study was to demonstrate by immunoblotting and radioallergosorbent test (rast)-inhibition experiments the loss of allergenic epitopes in h-gm extracts. | 2004 | 15291910 |
| the role of steinernema feltiae body-surface lipids in host-parasite immunological interactions. | interactions between entomopathogenic nematodes (steinernema feltiae) and insect host (galleria mellonella) immune system were investigated. we focused on the immunosuppressive properties of the parasite cuticle and on its interaction with hemolymph humoral components. effects of parasite cuticle against host propo system enzymatic cascade were evaluated a short time after infection. the presence of parasite cuticles decreased both normal and lps-elicited propo system activity, suggesting that s ... | 2004 | 15287592 |
| [change of the antioxidant status and free radicals production in hemolymph of galleria mellonella larvae in microsporidiosis]. | 2012 | 15279156 | |
| jnk map kinase is involved in the humoral immune response of the greater wax moth larvae galleria mellonella. | we investigated the participation of map kinases in the response of galleria mellonella larvae to immune challenge. jnk map kinase was activated in fat body 10-15 min after lps injection in vivo. the level of jnk activation was time- and lps dosage-dependent. jnk map kinase isolated from cell-free extract of fat bodies dissected from immune stimulated larvae phosphorylated c-jun protein in vitro. the activity of gm jnk kinase was abolished in the presence of the jnk specific inhibitor sp600125. ... | 2004 | 15274175 |
| [microsporidiosis in the wax moth galleria mellonella (lepidoptera: pyralidae) caused by vairimorpha ephestiae (microsporidia: burenellidae)]. | an experimental microsporidiosis of the wax moth caterpillars from laboratory population had been caused by oral infecting of early stages larvae and by intracavity injections of the spores of the microsporidian species vairimorpha ephestiae. peculiarities of microsporidiosis proceeding, manifestations of host defence reactions, and also an effect of the temperature of caterpillars cultivation and conditions of spores keeping on liability of the insects to the infection were studied. the effect ... | 2007 | 15272821 |
| bacterial formyl peptides affect the innate cellular antimicrobial responses of larval galleria mellonella (insecta: lepidoptera). | the non-self cellular (hemocytic) responses of galleria mellonella larvae, including the attachment to slides and the removal of the bacteria xenorhabdus nematophila and bacillus subtilis from the hemolymph, were affected by n-formyl peptides. both n-formyl methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlf) and the ester derivative decreased hemocyte adhesion in vitro, and both elevated hemocyte counts and suppressed the removal of both x. nematophila and b. subtilis from the hemolymph in vivo. the amide der ... | 2004 | 15213752 |
| cloning and heterologous expression of a novel insecticidal gene (tccc1) from xenorhabdus nematophilus strain. | we have identified and cloned a novel toxin gene (tccc1/xptb1) from xenorhabdus nematophilus strain isolated from korea-specific entomophagous nematode steinernema glaseri mk. the dna sequence of cloned toxin gene (3048 bp) has an open reading frame encoding 1016 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 111058 da. the toxin sequence shares 50-96% identical amino acid residues with the previously reported tccc1 cloned from x. nematophilus, photorhabdus luminescens w14 p. luminescens tto1, a ... | 2004 | 15194482 |
| purification and cdna cloning of a cecropin-like peptide from the great wax moth, galleria mellonella. | a cecropin-like antimicrobial peptide, gm cecropin, was purified from hemolymph of larvae of the wax moth, galleria mellonella, immunized against e. coli, and its antibacterial activity was examined in a radial diffusion assay. the molecular mass of gm cecropin was 4,160.69 da by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis. the full-length cdna of the gm cecropin precursor was cloned by a combination of rt-pcr, based on the n-terminal sequence obtained b ... | 2004 | 15179040 |
| cloning and expression of an inhibitor of microbial metalloproteinases from insects contributing to innate immunity. | the first impi (inhibitor of metalloproteinases from insects) was identified in the greater wax moth, galleria mellonella [wedde, weise, kopacek, franke and vilcinskas (1998) eur. j. biochem. 255, 535-543]. here we report cloning and expression of a cdna coding for this impi. the impi mrna was identified among the induced transcripts from a subtractive and suppressive pcr analysis after bacterial challenge of g. mellonella larvae. induced expression of the impi during a humoral immune response w ... | 2004 | 15115439 |
| effects of host desiccation on development, survival, and infectivity of entomopathogenic nematode steinernema carpocapsae. | this study investigates the effect of host desiccation on entomopathogenic nematode (epn) development, emergence, infectivity, and cross-protection against secondary environmental stress. galleria mellonella hosts infected with the epn steinernema carpocapsae a10 were allowed to dehydrate in an environmental chamber for up to 56 days at 23 degrees c achieving a weight loss of approximately 86% by day 44 post-infection. host carcasses were rehydrated on water-saturated filter paper in white traps ... | 2004 | 15109900 |
| comparative analysis of the production of insecticidal and melanizing macromolecules by strains of beauveria spp.: in vivo studies. | eleven strains of beauveria bassiana, and a further five species of beauveria sp., were tested by injection of 8x10(2) conidia into the haemocoel of the larvae of the lepidopteran galleria mellonella with the aim of analysing their toxin producing activity in vivo. although the virulent strains killed 100% of the insects at slightly different rates (4-6 days) there were significant differences in the pattern and intensity of host melanization caused by isolates. the majority of the isolates of b ... | 2004 | 15109898 |
| hyphantria cunea ferritin heavy chain homologue: cdna sequence and mrna expression. | we have sequenced a cdna clone encoding a 26-kda ferritin subunit, which was heavy chain homologue (hch), in fall webworm, hyphantria cunea. the hch cdna was obtained from the screening of a cdna library using a pcr product. h. cunea ferritin is composed of 221 amino acid residues and their calculated mass is 26,160 da. the protein contains the conserved motifs for the ferroxidase center typical for heavy chains of vertebrate ferritin. the iron-responsive element sequence with a predicted stem-l ... | 2004 | 15101063 |
| a study for minisatellitic markers of conidiobolus coronatus' pathogenicity to galleria mellonella larvae. | a selected panel of 13 colonies of entomopathogenic fungus conidiobolus coronatus representing 6 variants of pathogenicity to galleria mellonella larvae (ranged from 100 to 10% of efficiency), derived from single spores, were tested for the presence of hypervariable loci in their genomes by hybridization with jeffreys' human minisatellite probe 33.6. the probe produced informative fingerprints and revealed slight differences among colonies analyzed. up to 20 variable bands per colony were recogn ... | 2004 | 15050834 |
| positions of disulfide bonds and n-glycosylation site in juvenile hormone binding protein. | the juvenile hormone binding protein (jhbp) from galleria mellonella hemolymph is a glycoprotein composed of 225 amino acid residues. it contains four cys residues forming two disulfide bridges. in this study, the topography of the disulfide bonds as well as the site of glycan attachment in the jhbp molecule from g. mellonella was determined, using electrospray mass spectrometry. the ms analysis was performed on tryptic digests of jhbp. our results show that the disulfide bridges link cys10 and ... | 2004 | 14984206 |
| exploiting the potential of insects for in vivo pathogenicity testing of microbial pathogens. | conventional assays for quantifying the virulence of microbial pathogens and mutants have traditionally relied upon the use of a range of mammalian species. a number of workers have demonstrated that insects can be used for evaluating microbial pathogenicity and provide results comparable to those that can be obtained with mammals since one component of the vertebrate immune system, the innate immune response, remains similar to that found in insects. larvae of the greater wax moth galleria mell ... | 2004 | 14975532 |
| [galleria mellonella test in the study of the antituberculosis activity of thiosemicarbazones]. | 2006 | 14874566 | |
| [delay of nymphosis of galleria mellonella l. after secretion of the cocoon; influence of alimentation]. | 1951 | 14870364 | |
| [polyhedric disease of the moth galleria mellonella l. and significance of the blood factor in virus diseases of insects]. | 2006 | 14785560 | |
| [effect of barium on cardiac automatism of the caterpillar of galleria mellonella l. and of gryllus domesticus l]. | 1950 | 14783888 | |
| [action of total concentration of solutions on the automatism of the dorsal vessel of the caterpillar of galleria mellonella l]. | 1950 | 14783882 | |
| [effect of k and ca ions on the automatism of the dorsal vessel of the caterpillar of galleria mellonella l]. | 1950 | 14783881 | |
| a novel role for an insect apolipoprotein (apolipophorin iii) in beta-1,3-glucan pattern recognition and cellular encapsulation reactions. | lipoproteins and molecules for pattern recognition are centrally important in the innate immune response of both vertebrates and invertebrates. mammalian apolipoproteins such as apolipoprotein e (apoe) are involved in lps detoxification, phagocytosis, and possibly pattern recognition. the multifunctional insect protein, apolipophorin iii (apolp-iii), is homologous to apoe. in this study we describe novel roles for apolp-iii in pattern recognition and multicellular encapsulation reactions in the ... | 2004 | 14764684 |
| unfolding and refolding of juvenile hormone binding protein. | juvenile hormone (jh) regulates insect development. jh present in the hemolymph is bound to a specific glycoprotein, juvenile hormone binding protein (jhbp), which serves as a carrier to deploy the hormone to target tissues. in this report structural changes of jhbp from galleria mellonella induced by guanidine hydrochloride have been investigated by a combination of size-exclusion chromatography, protein activity measurements, and spectroscopic methods. molecules of jhbp change their conformati ... | 2004 | 14747348 |
| in vivo expression of the mannose-resistant fimbriae of photorhabdus temperata k122 during insect infection. | photorhabdus temperata k122 is an entomopathogenic bacterium symbiotically associated with nematodes of the family heterorhabditidae: surface fimbriae are important for the colonization of many pathogenic bacteria, and here we report the nucleotide sequence and analysis of the expression of a 12-kbp fragment encoding the mannose-resistant fimbriae of p. temperata (mrf). the mrf gene cluster contains 11 genes with an organization similar to that of the mrp locus from proteus mirabilis. mrfi (enco ... | 2004 | 14729685 |
| purification, cdna cloning and expression of an insect defensin from the great wax moth, galleria mellonella. | an insect defensin, named galleria defensin, was purified from the larval haemolymph of galleria mellonella immunized against e. coli. the peptide was composed of forty-three amino acid residues containing six cysteines that might be engaged in intramolecular disulphide bridges. the primary structure of galleria defensin shared about 90.7% identity to that of heliomicin, which was an insect defensin isolated from heliothis virescens. the full-length cdna encoding galleria defensin was cloned fro ... | 2004 | 14728668 |
| a novel secreted protein toxin from the insect pathogenic bacterium xenorhabdus nematophila. | the bacterium xenorhabdus nematophila is an insect pathogen that produces several proteins that enable it to kill insects. screening of a cosmid library constructed from x. nematophila strain a24 identified a gene that encoded a novel protein that was toxic to insects. the 42-kda protein encoded by the toxin gene was expressed and purified from a recombinant system, and was shown to kill the larvae of insects such as galleria mellonella and helicoverpa armigera when injected at doses of around 3 ... | 2004 | 14707137 |
| fluctuations in haemocyte density and microbial load may be used as indicators of fungal pathogenicity in larvae of galleria mellonella. | a positive correlation exists between the pathogenicity of bacteria and fungi when evaluated in the insect galleria mellonella and mice. this work sought to determine whether fluctuations in the number of haemocytes and the proliferation of yeast cells in infected larvae could be used to determine the relative pathogenicity of a range of yeast isolates. larvae were inoculated with 1 x 10(6) stationary-phase yeast cells and incubated in the dark at 30 degrees c for 48 h. the results indicated tha ... | 2003 | 14670452 |
| exudate from sporulating cultures of hirsutella thompsonii inhibit oviposition by the two-spotted spider mite tetranychus urticae. | the acaricidal mycopathogen hirsutella thompsonii has been found to secrete metabolites that are active against female tetranychus urticae. specifically, the rose-colored exudate produced on sporulating cultures of mexican htm120i strain sterilized female spider mites in a dose-dependent fashion. topical application of the exudate resulted in a 100% reduction in mite fecundity over the initial six days of experimentation. depending upon the exudate dosage, mites partially recovered within 3 and ... | 2003 | 14635809 |
| virulence of candida albicans mutants toward larval galleria mellonella (insecta, lepidoptera, galleridae). | culture medium affected the virulence of a strain of candida albicans toward galleria mellonella larvae, but the yeast growth rates in yeast extract - peptone - dextrose broth and synthetic galleria serum were not correlated with yeast virulence. virulent c. albicans grew rapidly in larval serum, whereas, it limited nodulation and continued development in vivo, producing toxins that damaged the hemocytes and fat body. nonpathogenic yeast-phase cells grew slowly in larval serum but induced extens ... | 2003 | 14608387 |
| characterization and transcriptional profiles of three spodoptera frugiperda genes encoding cysteine-rich peptides. a new class of defensin-like genes from lepidopteran insects? | the present work describes sequence and transcription of three spodoptera frugiperda genes encoding 6-cysteine-rich peptides. sequence alignments indicate that the predicted peptides belong to the insect defensin family, although phylogenetic analyses suggest they form a cluster distinct from that of other neopteran insect defensins. the three genes were identified in a non-immune-challenged sf9 cells cdna (dna complementary to rna) library (landais et al., bioinformatics, in press) and were nam ... | 2003 | 14597170 |
| cloning and expression of male-specific protein (msp) from the hemolymph of greater wax moth, galleria mellonella l. | male-specific protein (msp) is a soluble protein that accumulates in high amounts in the hemolymph and other organs of adult male wax moth. the msp was purified from adult male wax moth by gel filtration and reversed phase column chromatography, and its amino acid sequence was determined. because of blocked n-terminus, several internal amino acid sequences of msp were obtained by the in-gel digestion method using trypsin. rt-pcr was conducted using degenerate primers designed from the internal a ... | 2003 | 14571505 |
| overexpression of juvenile hormone binding protein in bacteria and pichia pastoris. | galleria mellonella juvenile hormone binding protein (jhbp) is a single chain glycoprotein with two disulfide bonds and a molecular mass of 25,880 da. this report describes the expression of jhbp in bacteria and yeast cells (pichia pastoris). the expression in bacteria was low and the protein was rapidly degraded upon cell lysis. the expression of his8-tagged rjhbp (his8-rjhbp) in p. pastoris was high and the non-degraded protein was purified to homogeneity with high yield in a one-step immobili ... | 2003 | 14550634 |
| reduced virulence of a hfq mutant of pseudomonas aeruginosa o1. | the sm-like protein hfq has been implicated in the regulation of sigmas-dependent and sigmas-independent genes in e. coli and in the regulation of virulence factors in both, yersinia enterocolitica and brucella abortus. here, we have studied the effect of hfq on virulence and stress response of pseudomonas aeruginosa (pao1). we have constructed a pao1hfq- mutant and a pao1hfq-rpos- double mutant to permit distinction between direct and indirect effects of hfq. when compared to the wild-type and ... | 2003 | 14521880 |
| protein purification, cdna cloning and characterization of a protease inhibitor from the indian tasar silkworm, antheraea mylitta. | an inhibitor of aspergillus oryzae fungal protease was purified to homogeneity from the hemolymph of fifth instar larvae of antheraea mylitta by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion exchange and gel filtration (fplc) chromatography, and termed as amfpi-1. the extent of purification was checked by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and the molecular weight of purified inhibitor was determined by sds-page as 10.4 kda. fifteen n-terminal amino acid sequences of this protein were determined, and ... | 2003 | 14505696 |
| insect neurometamorphosis. i. histological changes during ventral nerve cord shortening in galleria mellonella (l.) (lepidoptera). | 1964 | 14305266 | |
| [article on the galleria mellonella test. (review of published and unpublished experiences)]. | 1964 | 14252617 | |
| development of an icosahedral virus in hemocytes of galleria mellonella (l.). | 1964 | 14240389 | |
| some histochemical observations on the blood cells of the wax moth, galleria mellonella l. | 1964 | 14164510 | |
| the histochemistry of the connective tissue associated with the central nervous system of the pupa of the wax moth, galleria mellonella l. | 1964 | 14164509 | |
| a study of the changes occurring in the connective tissue associated with the central nervous system during the pupal stage of the wax moth, galleria mellonella l. | 1964 | 14164508 | |
| hormonal activation of the insect brain. | a new endocrine function has been shown to play a role in insect morphogenesis. the hormone named proctodone is secreted by specialized cells of the hindgut and appears to affect the brain, resulting in the activation of the brain hormone-producing system. proctodone has been found in two lepidopterous species-ostrinia nubilalis and galleria mellonella. in the o. nubilalis, proctodone plays a part in both photoperiodism and diapause. | 1964 | 14080315 |
| incorporation of 32p into the phosphorus compounds of the wax moth larvae (galleria mellonella). | 1961 | 14007809 | |
| studies on insect tissue culture. i. culture of tissues from the wax moth, galleria mellonella, l. in vitro. | 1961 | 13910609 | |
| the development of tipula iridescent virus in the crane fly, tipula paludosa meig., and the wax moth, galleria mellonella l. | 1961 | 13869346 | |
| the effect of low temperature upon phosphorus metabolism in galleria mellonella larvae. | 1961 | 13760784 | |
| virions of pariacoto virus contain a minor protein translated from the second aug codon of the capsid protein open reading frame. | virions of the alphanodavirus pariacoto virus (pav) have t=3 icosahedral symmetry and are assembled from multiple copies of a precursor protein that is cleaved into two mature capsid proteins after assembly. the crystal structure of pav shows that the n-terminal approximately 30 amino acid residues of the subunits surrounding the 5-fold axes interact extensively with icosahedrally ordered regions of the encapsidated positive-sense genomic rnas. we found that wild-type pav particles also contain ... | 2003 | 13679619 |
| on the cytochemistry of the haemocytes of galleria mellonella with special reference to polyphenoloxidase. | 1958 | 13619620 | |
| studies on filariasis. i. the behavior of microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis in the wax moth larva (galleria mellonella). | 1958 | 13597914 | |
| [further contribution to the study of antimycotic drugs by the galleria mellonella test]. | 1958 | 13595419 | |
| [cytochemical studies on the appearance of polyphosphates in organs of galleria mellonella larvae]. | 1957 | 13532918 | |
| [cytochemical studies on polyphosphates in the gastrointestinal system of galleria mellonella larvae]. | 1957 | 13532879 | |
| polyphosphates excreted by wax-moth larvae (galleria mellonella l. and achroia grisella fabr). | 1957 | 13488915 | |
| [antimycotic drugs evaluated with the galleria mellonella test]. | 1957 | 13470618 | |
| [studies on metabolism of galleria mellonella l. and bombyx mori l]. | 1956 | 13443672 | |
| [phosphorus compounds in excreta of galleria mellonella. ii. enzymatic hydrolysis]. | 1956 | 13393987 | |
| [phosphorus compounds excreted by galleria mellonella. i. identification]. | 1956 | 13393986 | |
| the chemistry of insect hemolymph; organic components of the hemolymph of the silkworm, bombyx mori, and two other species. | 1. hemolymph was collected for analysis from the silkworm, bombyx mori, in a series of developmental stages ranging from the second molt to the late pupa. the mean ph of larval hemolymph after collection was found to be 6.45, that of pupal hemolymph, 6.57; in vivo values may be slightly lower. total dry solids ranged from 5.4 to 10.6 per cent. total protein ranged from 1.2 to 5.3 per cent, increasing rapidly during the fifth instar. 2. free amino acids were separated chromatographically and esti ... | 1956 | 13346040 |
| [thermogenesis in galleria mellonella]. | 1954 | 13161194 | |
| [effect of experimental retention of silk on metamorphosis of galleria mellonella l..]. | 1954 | 13150586 | |
| [individual variations of protein excretion factors preceding nymph shedding in galleria mellonella l..]. | 1954 | 13150576 | |
| [biochemical studies on the glands of verson and on the hemolymph of the caterpillar form of galleria mellonella l..]. | 1953 | 13094378 |