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dietary nitrate supplementation reduces methane emission in beef cattle fed sugarcane-based diets.the objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary nitrate on methane emission and rumen fermentation parameters in nellore × guzera (bos indicus) beef cattle fed a sugarcane based diet. the experiment was conducted with 16 steers weighing 283 ± 49 kg (mean ± sd), 6 rumen cannulated and 10 intact steers, in a cross-over design. the animals were blocked according to bw and presence or absence of rumen cannula and randomly allocated to either the nitrate diet (22 g nitrate/kg dm) o ...201222287674
heterologous expression of manganese peroxidase in aspergillus niger and its effect on phenanthrene removal from soil.a strain of aspergillus niger, previously isolated from sugarcane bagasse because of its capacity to degrade phenanthrene in soil by solid culture, was used to express a manganese peroxidase gene (mnp1) from phanerochaete chrysosporium, aiming at increasing its polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation capacity. transformants were selected based on their resistance to hygromycin b and the discoloration induced on poly r-478 dye by the peroxidase activity. the recombinant a. niger sbc2-t3 stra ...201122286039
the influence of presaccharification, fermentation temperature and yeast strain on ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse.ethanol can be produced from cellulosic biomass in a process known as simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf). the presence of yeast together with the cellulolytic enzyme complex reduces the accumulation of sugars within the reactor, increasing the ethanol yield and saccharification rate. this paper reports the isolation of saccharomyces cerevisiae lbm-1, a strain capable of growth at 42 °c. in addition, s. cerevisiae lbm-1 and kluyveromyces marxianus ufv-3 were able to ferment suga ...201222285296
production and characterization of violacein by locally isolated chromobacterium violaceum grown in agricultural wastes.the present work highlighted the production of violacein by the locally isolated chromobacterium violaceum (genbank accession no. hm132057) in various agricultural waste materials (sugarcane bagasse, solid pineapple waste, molasses, brown sugar), as an alternative to the conventional rich medium. the highest yield for pigment production (0.82 g l⁻¹) was obtained using free cells when grown in 3 g of sugarcane bagasse supplemented with 10% (v/v) of l-tryptophan. a much lower yield (0.15 g l⁻¹) wa ...201222278051
biocatalytic potential of an alkalophilic and thermophilic dextranase as a remedial measure for dextran removal during sugar manufacture.the present study is focused on dextranase from streptomyces sp. nk458 with potential to remove dextran formed during sugar manufacture. the dextranase had molecular weight of 130 kda and hydrolyzed 15-25 and 410 kda dextran. dextranase production was optimized using statistical designs and the enzyme was purified 1.8-fold with 55.5% recovery. it displayed maximum activity at ph 9.0 and 60°c and was stable over a wide range of ph from 5.0 to 10.0. the k(m) and v(max) values were 3.05 mm and 17.9 ...201222277209
production of xylanase under solid-state fermentation by aspergillus tubingensis jp-1 and its application.the production of extracellular xylanase by a locally isolated strain of aspergillus tubingensis jp-1 was studied under solid-state fermentation. among the various agro residues used wheat straw was found to be the best for high yield of xylanase with poor cellulase production. the influence of various parameters such as initial ph, moisture, moistening agents, nitrogen sources, additives, surfactants and pretreatment of substrates were investigated. the production of the xylanase reached a peak ...201222271252
genomic comparison of the endophyte herbaspirillum seropedicae smr1 and the phytopathogen herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans m1 by suppressive subtractive hybridization and partial genome sequencing.herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans m1 causes the mottled stripe disease in sugarcane cv. b-4362. inoculation of this cultivar with herbaspirillum seropedicae smr1 does not produce disease symptoms. a comparison of the genomic sequences of these closely related species may permit a better understanding of contrasting phenotype such as endophytic association and pathogenic life style. to achieve this goal, we constructed suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh) libraries to identify dna fragments ...201222268687
sugarwin: a sugarcane insect-induced gene with antipathogenic activity.in sugarcane fields, colonization of the stalk by opportunistic fungi usually occurs after the caterpillar diatraea saccharalis attacks the sugarcane plant. plants respond to insect attack by inducing and accumulating a large set of defense proteins. two homologues of a barley wound-inducible protein (barwin), sugarcane wound-inducible proteins sugarwin1 and sugarwin2, have been identified in sugarcane by an in silico analysis. antifungal properties have been described for a number of barwin hom ...201222250584
fiber fermentability effects on energy and macronutrient digestibility, fecal parameters, postprandial metabolite responses, and colon histology of overweight cats.considering the different potential benefits of divergent fiber ingredients, the effect of 3 fiber sources on the energy and macronutrient digestibility, fermentation product formation, postprandial metabolite responses, and colon histology of overweight cats fed kibble diets was compared. twenty-four healthy adult cats were assigned in a complete randomized block design to 2 groups of 12 animals, and 3 animals from each group were fed 1 of 4 of the following kibble diets: control (co; 11.5% die ...201222247109
[men of the sugarcane fields and their hospitals: the architecture of health under the estado novo].the article explores the emergence of an architectural heritage in the realm of healthcare assistance for workers in the sugarcane agroindustry in brazil following enactment of the law known as the estatuto da lavoura canavieira (1941), under the auspices of the instituto do açúcar e do álcool and as part of estado novo policies (1937-1945). the institute proposed solutions based on surveys conducted at sugarcane mills in cane-producing states and on the medical and hospital system adopted by th ...201122240948
microarray analysis of global gene regulation in the cry1ab-resistant and cry1ab-susceptible strains of diatraea saccharalis.extensive adoption of transgenic bt corn in recent years for stalk borer control has increased risk of resistance evolution in the target pest populations. a bt-resistant strain of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis, was approximately 100-fold more tolerant to cry1ab toxin than the susceptible counterpart. to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of bt resistance, the cry1ab-susceptible (cry1ab-ss) and cry1ab-resistant (cry1ab-rr) strains of d. saccharalis were subjected ...201222228544
diversification of hat transposase paralogues in the sugarcane genome.transposons are abundant components of eukaryotic genomes, and play important role in genome evolution. the knowledge about these elements should contribute to the understanding of their impact on the host genomes. the hat transposon superfamily is one of the best characterized superfamilies in diverse organisms, nevertheless, a detailed study of these elements was never carried in sugarcane. to address this question we analyzed 32 cdnas similar to that of hat superfamily of transposons previous ...201222228195
parasitism by the endoparasitoid, cotesia flavipes induces cellular immunosuppression and enhances susceptibility of the sugar cane borer, diatraea saccharalis to bacillus thuringiensis.cotesia flavipes cameron (hymenoptera: braconidae), is a gregarious larval endoparasitoid of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis fabricius (lepidoptera: crambidae). the aim of this research was to analyze cellular immunosuppression of d. saccharalis parasitized by c. flavipes in terms of encapsulation, melanization, and hemocyte nodule formation. the encapsulation assay was done 1 and 6 days after parasitoid oviposition. in addition, the susceptibility of parasitized and nonparasitzed larv ...201122225507
sugarcane genes differentially expressed in response to puccinia melanocephala infection: identification and transcript profiling.brown rust caused by the fungus puccinia melanocephala is a major disease of sugarcane (saccharum spp.). a sugarcane mutant, obtained by chemical mutagenesis of the susceptible variety b4362, showed a post-haustorial hypersensitive response (hr)-mediated resistance to the pathogen and was used to identify genes differentially expressed in response to p. melanocephala via suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh). tester cdna was derived from the brown rust-resistant mutant after inoculation wi ...201222212461
Epiphytic pink-pigmented methylotrophic bacteria enhance germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum) by producing phytohormone.Methylotrophic bacteria were isolated from the phyllosphere of different crop plants such as sugarcane, pigeonpea, mustard, potato and radish. The methylotrophic isolates were differentiated based on growth characteristics and colony morphology on methanol supplemented ammonium mineral salts medium. Amplification of the mxaF gene helped in the identification of the methylotrophic isolates as belonging to the genus Methylobacterium. Cell-free culture filtrates of these strains enhanced seed germi ...201122200783
Continuous two stage acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation with integrated solvent removal using Clostridium acetobutylicum B 5313.The objective of this study was to optimize continuous acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation using a two stage chemostat system integrated with liquid-liquid extraction of solvents produced in the first stage. This minimized end product inhibition by butanol and subsequently enhanced glucose utilization and solvent production in continuous cultures of Clostridium acetobutylicum B 5313. During continuous two-stage ABE fermentation, sugarcane bagasse was used as the cell holding material for ...201122197332
short communication: nutrient utilization of fresh sugarcane-based diets with slow-release nonprotein nitrogen addition for control-fed dairy heifers.an experiment was conducted to determine the effect of replacing soybean protein (sbm) with a slow-release urea (sr-u) in control-fed dairy heifers in the tropics. eight holstein heifers (237.6±5.45 kg of body weight) were allocated to 2 treatments in a crossover design. treatments were control (sbm) and sr-u (optigen ii; alltech inc., nicholasville, ky). the forage-to-concentrate ratio was 50:50 [dry matter (dm) basis], and fresh chopped sugarcane was the sole source of forage. data were analyz ...201222192216
life table studies of elasmopalpus lignosellus (lepidoptera: pyralidae) on sugarcane.the lesser cornstalk borer, elasmopalpus lignosellus (zeller) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) is an important pest of sugarcane (a complex hybrid of saccharum spp.) in southern florida. reproductive and life table parameters for e. lignosellus were examined at nine constant temperatures from 13 to 36 °c with sugarcane as the larval food source. the pre- and postoviposition periods decreased with increasing temperatures and reached their minimums at 33 and 36 °c, respectively. the oviposition period was ...201022182570
multitemporal observations of sugarcane by terrasar-x images.the objective of this study is to investigate the potential of terrasar-x (x-band) in monitoring sugarcane growth on reunion island (located in the indian ocean). multi-temporal terrasar data acquired at various incidence angles (17°, 31°, 37°, 47°, 58°) and polarizations (hh, hv, vv) were analyzed in order to study the behaviour of sar (synthetic aperture radar) signal as a function of sugarcane height and ndvi (normalized difference vegetation index). the potential of terrasar for mapping the ...201022163387
a mixed model qtl analysis for sugarcane multiple-harvest-location trial data.sugarcane-breeding programs take at least 12 years to develop new commercial cultivars. molecular markers offer a possibility to study the genetic architecture of quantitative traits in sugarcane, and they may be used in marker-assisted selection to speed up artificial selection. although the performance of sugarcane progenies in breeding programs are commonly evaluated across a range of locations and harvest years, many of the qtl detection methods ignore two- and three-way interactions between ...201222159754
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production by bacillus cereus spv using sugarcane molasses as the main carbon source.the main hindrance in the use of polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) as a replacement for existing petroleum-based plastics is their high production cost. the carbon source accounts for 50% of the cost for pha production. thus, increasing the yield and productivity of phas on cheap substrates is an important challenge for biotechnologists to support the commercialization and further applications of these polymers. in this study, we have investigated the use of an agricultural raw material, sugarcane mo ...201122147642
quantitative proteomic analysis of lignocellulolytic enzymes by phanerochaete chrysosporium on different lignocellulosic biomass.lignocellulosic biomass from agricultural crop residues and forest waste represents an abundant renewable resource for bioenergy and future biofuel. the current bottleneck of lignocellulosic biofuel production is the hydrolysis of biomass to sugar. to understand the enzymatic hydrolysis of complex biomasses, in this report, lignocellulolytic enzymes secretion by phanerochaete chrysosporium cultivated in different natural lignocellulosic biomass such as corn stover, hay, sawdust, sugarcane baggas ...201122146477
chemical composition and enzymatic digestibility of sugarcane clones selected for varied lignin content.the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic materials is a major limitation for their conversion into fermentable sugars. lignin depletion in new cultivars or transgenic plants has been identified as a way to diminish this recalcitrance. in this study, we assessed the success of a sugarcane breeding program in selecting sugarcane plants with low lignin content, and report the chemical composition and agronomic characteristics of eleven experimental hybrids and two reference samples. the enzymatic diges ...201122145819
Conceptual design of cost-effective and environmentally-friendly configurations for fuel ethanol production from sugarcane by knowledge-based process synthesis.In this work, the hierarchical decomposition methodology was used to conceptually design the production of fuel ethanol from sugarcane. The decomposition of the process into six levels of analysis was carried out. Several options of technological configurations were assessed in each level considering economic and environmental criteria. The most promising alternatives were chosen rejecting the ones with a least favorable performance. Aspen Plus was employed for simulation of each one of the tech ...201222137752
chemical and morphological characterization of sugarcane bagasse submitted to a delignification process for enhanced enzymatic digestibility.in recent years, biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass to produce multi-products such as ethanol and other biomaterials has become a dynamic research area. pretreatment technologies that fractionate sugarcane bagasse are essential for the successful use of this feedstock in ethanol production. in this paper, we investigate modifications in the morphology and chemical composition of sugarcane bagasse submitted to a two-step treatment, using diluted acid followed by a delignification process with ...201122122978
Enzymatic hydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of alkali/peracetic acid-pretreated sugarcane bagasse for ethanol and 2,3-butanediol production.The enzymatic digestibility of alkali/peracetic acid (PAA)-pretreated bagasse was systematically investigated. The effects of initial solid consistency, cellulase loading and addition of supplemental ß-glucosidase on the enzymatic conversion of glycan were studied. It was found the alkali-PAA pulp showed excellent enzymatic digestibility. The enzymatic glycan conversion could reach about 80% after 24 h incubation when enzyme loading was 10 FPU/g solid. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentat ...201122112569
Recombinant expression, localization and in vitro inhibition of midgut cysteine peptidase (Sl-CathL) from sugarcane weevil, Sphenophorus levis.A cDNA coding for a digestive cathepsin L, denominated Sl-CathL, was isolated from a cDNA library of Sphenophorus levis larvae, representing the most abundant EST (10.49%) responsible for proteolysis in the midgut. The open reading frame of 972bp encodes a preproenzyme similar to midgut cathepsin L-like enzymes in other coleopterans. Recombinant Sl-CathL was expressed in Pichia pastoris, with molecular mass of about 42kDa. The recombinant protein was catalytically activated at low pH and the mat ...201222100428
genetically modified sugarcane for bioenergy generation.sugarcane breeding has significantly progressed over the past 30 years, but attempts to further increase crop yield have been limited due to the complexity of the sugarcane genome. an alternative to boost the crop yield is the introduction of genes encoding desirable traits in the elite sugarcane cultivars. genetically modified sugarcane with increased yield and pest and disease resistance has already proven its value not only by the increased sugar content but also for the improvement of the cr ...201222093808
functional characterization of sugarcane myb transcription factor gene promoter (pscmybas1) in response to abiotic stresses and hormones.the sugarcane (saccharum officinarum) stress-related myb transcription factor gene, scmybas1, demonstrated induced response to water deficit and salt stress in our previous study. to elucidate its stress tolerance mechanism at the transcriptional level, we isolated and characterized the promoter (pscmybas1, 1,033 bp) flanking the 5' scmybas1 coding region from the sugarcane genome. a series of pscmybas1 deletion derivatives from the transcription start site (-56, -152, -303, -442, -613, -777, -8 ...201122083650
hydrothermal pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse using response surface methodology improves digestibility and ethanol production by ssf.sugarcane bagasse was characterized as a feedstock for the production of ethanol using hydrothermal pretreatment. reaction temperature and time were varied between 160 and 200°c and 5-20 min, respectively, using a response surface experimental design. the liquid fraction was analyzed for soluble carbohydrates and furan aldehydes. the solid fraction was analyzed for structural carbohydrates and klason lignin. pretreatment conditions were evaluated based on enzymatic extraction of glucose and xylo ...201122080307
Molecular Identification of Fusarium Species in Gibberella fujikuroi Species Complex from Rice, Sugarcane and Maize from Peninsular Malaysia.The objective of this study was to identify Fusarium species in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex from rice, sugarcane and maize as most of the Fusarium species in the species complex are found on the three crops. Isolates used were collected from the field and obtained from culture collection. The Fusarium isolates were initially sorted based on morphology and identifications confirmed based on the DNA sequence of the translation elongation factor 1-a (TEF-1a) gene. Based on the closest ...201122072914
integrated ecological risk assessment of pesticides in tropical ecosystems: a case study with carbofuran in brazil.the aim of the present study is to contribute an ecologically relevant assessment of the ecotoxicological effects of pesticide applications in agricultural areas in the tropics, using an integrated approach with information gathered from soil and aquatic compartments. carbofuran, an insecticide/nematicide used widely on sugarcane crops, was selected as a model substance. to evaluate the toxic effects of pesticide spraying for soil biota, as well as the potential indirect effects on aquatic biota ...201222068639
microbial diversity in the larval gut of field and laboratory populations of the sugarcane weevil sphenophorus levis (coleoptera, curculionidae).the sugarcane weevil, sphenophorus levis, is a wide-spread sugarcane pest in brazil. sphenophorus levis may depend on microorganisms that inhabit its intestinal tract. we examined the diversity of the gut microbiota of s. levis, which was characterized using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. analysis of 16s rrna amplified directly from the gut community revealed the presence of 14 genera, one group from the candidatus category, one uncultured group assigned to the family f ...201122057964
Ethanol production by continuous fermentation of d-(+)-cellobiose, d-(+)-xylose and sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate using the thermoanaerobe Caloramator boliviensis.The recently isolated anaerobic bacterium Caloramator boliviensis with an optimum growth temperature of 60°C can efficiently convert hexoses and pentoses into ethanol. When fermentations of pure sugars and a pentose-rich sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate were carried out in a packed bed reactor with immobilized cells of C. boliviensis, more than 98% of substrates were converted. Ethanol yields of 0.40-0.46g/g of sugar were obtained when sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate was fermented. These features rev ...201222055102
Developing a sustainable phytomanagement strategy for excessive selenium in western United States and India.Phytomanagement technology is recognized as an inexpensive and environmental friendly strategy for managing natural-occurring selenium (Se) in soils and in poor quality waters. Multi-year field and greenhouse studies were conducted with different plant species in California, USA and Punjab, India under high Se growing conditions. Some of the plant species included; canola (Brassica napus), mustard (B. juncea), broccoli (B. oleracea), spearmint (Mentha viridis), sugarcane (Saccharum officcinarum) ...201122046761
Diversity of 16S rRNA genes from bacteria of sugarcane rhizosphere soil.Sugarcane is an important agricultural product of Brazil, with a total production of more than 500 million tons. Knowledge of the bacterial community associated with agricultural crops and the soil status is a decisive step towards understanding how microorganisms influence crop productivity. However, most studies aim to isolate endophytic or rhizosphere bacteria associated with the plant by culture-dependent approaches. Culture-independent approaches allow a more comprehensive view of entire ba ...201122042267
[cloning and expression pattern of a zinc finger protein gene shsap1 in saccharum officinarum].in plants, proteins with a20/an1 zinc finger domain are involved in stress responses, named as "stress associated protein" (sap) gene family. based on expressed sequence tag (est) sequences information in badila saccharum officinarum mature related cdna library, we cloned an sap gene from sugarcane full length cdna library, named shsap1 (genbank: accession no. hm991960). to characterize shsap1, we analyzed its genome structure and expression pattern. southern blot analysis showed shsap1 was pres ...201122034815
production of succinic acid from sucrose and sugarcane molasses by metabolically engineered escherichia coli.sucrose-utilizing genes (csckb and csca) from escherichia coli ko11 were cloned and expressed in a metabolically engineered e. coli kj122 to enhance succinate production from sucrose. kj122 harboring a recombinant plasmid, pkjsuc, was screened for the efficient sucrose utilization by growth-based selection and adaptation. kj122-pkjsuc-24t efficiently utilized sucrose in a low-cost medium to produce high succinate concentration with less accumulation of by-products. succinate concentrations of 51 ...201222023966
integrated versus stand-alone second generation ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse and trash.ethanol production from lignocellulosic materials is often conceived considering independent, stand-alone production plants; in the brazilian scenario, where part of the potential feedstock (sugarcane bagasse) for second generation ethanol production is already available at conventional first generation production plants, an integrated first and second generation production process seems to be the most obvious option. in this study stand-alone second generation ethanol production from surplus su ...201222019267
influence of nutritional and environmental factors on ethanol and endopolygalacturonase co-production by kluyveromyces marxianus ccebi 2011.ethanol and endopolygalacturonase (endopg) are simultaneously produced by the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus ccebi 2011. the aim of this study was to determine the optimal combination of seven environmental and nutritional variables, as well as the influence of each one, with respect to the fermentation process in yeast cultures in which sugarcane juice was the substrate. simplex sequential optimization showed that after 15 runs the optimal conditions were: ph, 4.6; temperature, 31 ºc; total redu ...201122015701
isomaltulose is actively metabolized in plant cells.isomaltulose is a structural isomer of sucrose (suc). it has been widely used as a nonmetabolized sugar in physiological studies aimed at better understanding the regulatory roles and transport of sugars in plants. it is increasingly used as a nutritional human food, with some beneficial properties including low glycemic index and acariogenicity. cloning of genes for suc isomerases opened the way for direct commercial production in plants. the understanding that plants lack catabolic capabilitie ...201122010106
transcriptome analysis of aspergillus niger grown on sugarcane bagasse.abstract:201122008461
the actinobacterium microbacterium sp. 16sh accepts pbbr1-based pprobe vectors, forms biofilms, invades roots, and fixes n(2) associated with micropropagated sugarcane plants.members of the genus microbacterium lineage of gram-positive actinobacteria are increasingly being reported to display significant traits associated with environmental biotechnology and bioengineering. 16sh is a nitrogen-fixing bacterial strain isolated from a surface-sterilized stem of sugarcane grown in guangxi, china. analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences revealed that 16sh belonged to the genus microbacterium. pprobe-ptet(r) plasmids were constructed by cloning the promoter region of the tet ...201122002067
efficient conversion of sugarcane stalks into ethanol employing low temperature alkali pretreatment method.an alternative route for bio-ethanol production from sugarcane stalks (juice and bagasse) featuring a previously reported low temperature alkali pretreatment method was evaluated. test-tube scale pretreatment-saccharification experiments were carried out to determine optimal lta pretreatment conditions for sugarcane bagasse with regard to the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose. free fermentable sugars and bagasse recovered from 2 kg of sugarcane stalks were jointly converted int ...201122000967
down regulation of a gene for cadherin, but not alkaline phosphatase, associated with cry1ab resistance in the sugarcane borer diatraea saccharalis.the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis, is a major target pest of transgenic corn expressing bacillus thuringiensis (bt) proteins (i.e., cry1ab) in south america and the mid-southern region of the united states. evolution of insecticide resistance in such target pests is a major threat to the durability of transgenic bt crops. understanding the pests' resistance mechanisms will facilitate development of effective strategies for delaying or countering resistance. alterations in expression of c ...201121991350
a comparative study of ph modulation and trace elements of various fruit juices on enamel erosion: an in vitro study.fruit juices are popular worldwide with children of all ages as they are sweet and perceived to be healthful. this in vitro study was sought to measure ph of 10 different fruit juices, to find out possible erosive effects on human dental enamel of 40 extracted sound premolars and also to measure fluoride and trace elements of these juices. the estimation of ph of fruit juices was done by using systronic uph 362 ph meter. the erosive effects of fruit juices were tested by using polarized light mi ...201121985876
sugarcane improvement: how far can we go?in recent years, efforts to improve sugarcane have focused on the development of biotechnology for this crop. it has become clear that sugarcane lacks tools for the biotechnological route of improvement and that the initial efforts in sequencing ests had limited impact for breeding. until recently, the models used by breeders in statistical genetics approaches have been developed for diploid organisms, which are not ideal for a polyploid genome such as that of sugarcane. breeding programs are de ...201221983270
use of sugarcane molasses "b" as an alternative for ethanol production with wild-type yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae itv-01 at high sugar concentrations.molasses "b" is a rich co-product of the sugarcane process. it is obtained from the second step of crystallization and is richer in fermentable sugars (50-65%) than the final molasses, with a lower non-sugar solid content (18-33%); this co-product also contains good vitamin and mineral levels. the use of molasses "b" for ethanol production could be a good option for the sugarcane industry when cane sugar prices diminish in the market. in a complex medium like molasses, osmotolerance is a desirab ...201121971607
holocellulase activity from schizophyllum commune grown on bamboo: a comparison with different substrates.the natural biodiversity that is found in tropical areas offers countless biotechnological opportunities; especially if we take in account that many biomolecules from several microorganisms have supported for many years, different industrial applications in areas such as pharmacology, agro-industry, bioprocess, environmental technology, and bioconversion. in order to find new lignocellulolytic enzymes and evaluate bamboo fibers as substrate, schizophyllum commune a fungus with broad distribution ...201121964940
comparative study of the areas of osteochondral defects produced in the femoral condyles of rabbits treated with gel of sugarcane biopolymer.to measure the healed areas of osteochondral defects produced in femoral condyles of rabbits filled with biopolymer sugar cane gel and to compare these with those of the control group at 90, 120 and 180 days.201121952662
characterization of chloroplast dna microsatellites from saccharum spp and related species.microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (ssrs), and their flanking regions in chloroplast genomes (plastomes) of some species of the family poaceae were analyzed in silico to look for dna sequence variations. comparison of the complete chloroplast dna sequences (cpdnas) of sugarcane (saccharum hybrid cv. sp-80-3280 and s. officinarum cv. nco310) and related species, agrostis stolonifera, brachypodium distachyon, hordeum vulgare subsp vulgare, lolium perenne, oryza nivara, o. sativa sub ...201121948764
screening and production of ligninolytic enzyme by a marine-derived fungal pestalotiopsis sp. j63.marine-derived fungi are prone to produce structurally unique secondary metabolites, a considerable number of which display the promising biological properties and/or industrial applications. among those, ligninolytic enzymes have attracted great interest in recent years. in this work, about 20 strains were isolated from sea mud samples collected in the east china sea and then screened for their capacity to produce lignin-degrading enzymes. the results showed that a strain, named j63, had a grea ...201121947763
isolation of a gastroprotective arabinoxylan from sugarcane bagasse.after industrial processing, one-third of sugarcane culms is converted into residual bagasse. the xylan-rich hemicellulose components of the bagasse were extracted with hot aqueous alkali (ax-crude). approximately 82% of the extracted hemicelluloses was precipitated with ethanol (ax-pet). both ax-crude and ax-pet contained an arabinoxylan as confirmed by 13c nmr and methylation analysis. fraction ax-pet was fed to female wistar rats with ethanol-induced gastric lesions. oral administrations of 3 ...201121945160
Recombinant Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus containing Cry1Ac gene codes for 130-kDa toxin protein.Recombinant Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus containing Cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki borne on pKT230, shuttle vector, was generated. PCR amplification of Cry1Ac gene present in recombinant G. diazotrophicus yielded a 278-bp DNA product. The nitrogenase assay has revealed that the recombinant G. diazotrophicus in sugarcane stem produced similar levels of nitrogenase compared to wild-type G. diazotrophicus. The presence of 130-kDa protein in apoplastic fluid from sugarcane ...201121934327
molecular characterization of a new strain of sugarcane streak mosaic virus (scsmv).the complete nucleotide sequences of three sugarcane streak mosaic virus (scsmv) isolates found in sugarcane plants imported from japan (jp1, jp2) and indonesia (id) into china were determined. sequence analysis showed that, based on the whole genome sequence and the nucleotide sequences encoding the ten mature proteins, the three scsmv isolates shared identities of 81.62%-81.67% and 76.39%-85.93%, respectively, with a pakistan (pak) isolate of scsmv. phylogenetic analysis indicated that scsmv-j ...201121927898
acquisition and transmission of peanut clump virus by polymyxa graminis on cereal species.the objective of this study was to investigate the specificity of the interactions between polymyxa graminis, peanut clump virus (pcv), and cereals, particularly the acquisition and the transmission of the virus by three p. graminis formae speciales. a new strategy has been developed: it involves using sugarcane as the common host for both the virus and its vector in order to produce the viruliferous zoospores of p. graminis f. sp. subtropicalis, temperata, and tropicalis that were then inoculat ...201121916623
Establishment of regeneration and transformation system of sugarcane cultivar GT54-9 (C9).Plant regeneration protocols for sugarcane GT54-9(C9) cultivar were developed for direct organogenesis and indirect somatic embryogenesis, using young leaf segments as explants by studying the influence of different concentrations and types of cytokinin and auxin hormones. For the callus formation from young leaves, a medium containing 4mg/l 2,4-D was found very effective. For embryo formation, MS medium supplemented with 1mg/l Kin and 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D was used. While in the case of direct organog ...201121912218
Surface carbohydrate analysis and bioethanol production of sugarcane bagasse pretreated with the white rot fungus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and microwave hydrothermolysis.Effects of pretreatments with a white rot fungus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, and microwave hydrothermolysis of bagasse on enzymatic saccharification and fermentation were evaluated. The best sugar yield, 44.9 g per 100g of bagasse was obtained by fungal treatments followed by microwave hydrothermolysis at 180°C for 20 min. Fluorescent-labeled carbohydrate-binding modules which recognize crystalline cellulose (CjCBM3-GFP), non-crystalline cellulose (CjCBM28-GFP) and xylan (CtCBM22-GFP) were app ...201121903385
sugarcane hsp101 is a hexameric chaperone that binds nucleotides.the clp/hsp100 aaa+ chaperone family is involved in recovering aggregated proteins and little is known about other orthologs of the well studied clpb from escherichia coli and hsp104 from saccharomyces cerevisiae. plant hsp101 is a good model for understanding the relationship between the structure and function of hsp100 proteins and to investigate the role of these chaperones in disaggregation processes. here, we present the cloning and purification of a sugarcane ortholog, shsp101, which is ex ...201121903129
Cellulase production from agricultural residues by recombinant fusant strain of a fungal endophyte of the marine sponge Latrunculia corticata for production of ethanol.Several fungal endophytes of the Egyptian marine sponge Latrunculia corticata were isolated, including strains Trichoderma sp. Merv6, Penicillium sp. Merv2 and Aspergillus sp. Merv70. These fungi exhibited high cellulase activity using different lignocellulosic substrates in solid state fermentations (SSF). By applying mutagenesis and intergeneric protoplast fusion, we have obtained a recombinant strain (Tahrir-25) that overproduced cellulases (exo-ß-1,4-glucanase, endo-ß-1,4-glucanase and ß-1,4 ...201121898149
Cell recycling during repeated very high gravity bio-ethanol fermentations using the industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain PE-2.A very high gravity (VHG) repeated-batch fermentation system using an industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae PE-2 (isolated from sugarcane-to-ethanol distillery in Brazil) and mimicking industrially relevant conditions (high inoculation rates and low O(2) availability) was successfully operated during fifteen consecutive fermentation cycles, attaining ethanol at 17.1 ± 0.2% (v/v) with a batch productivity of 3.5 ± 0.04 g l(-1) h(-1). Moreover, this innovative operational strategy (biomass ...201221898130
sugarcane biopolymer patch in femoral vein angioplasty on dogs.to evaluate the use of the sugarcane biopolymer membrane in femoral vein patch angioplasty on dogs.201121890306
inference of subgenomic origin of bacs in an interspecific hybrid sugarcane cultivar by overlapping oligonucleotide hybridizations.sugarcane (saccharum spp.) breeders in the early 20th century made remarkable progress in increasing yield and disease resistance by crossing saccharum spontaneum l., a wild relative, to saccharum officinarum l., a traditional cultivar. modern sugarcane cultivars have approximately 71%-83% of their chromosomes originating from s. officinarum, approximately 10%-21% from s. spontaneum, and approximately 2%-13% recombinant or translocated chromosomes. in the present work, c(0)t-based cloning and se ...201121883018
evaluation of grinding methods for pellets preparation aiming at the analysis of plant materials by laser induced breakdown spectrometry.it has been demonstrated that laser induced breakdown spectrometry (libs) can be used as an alternative method for the determination of macro (p, k, ca, mg) and micronutrients (b, fe, cu, mn, zn) in pellets of plant materials. however, information is required regarding the sample preparation for plant analysis by libs. in this work, methods involving cryogenic grinding and planetary ball milling were evaluated for leaves comminution before pellets preparation. the particle sizes were associated ...201121872013
Identification of yeast associated with the planthopper, Perkinsiella saccharicida: potential applications for Fiji leaf gall control.Yeasts associate with numerous insects, and they can assist the metabolic processes within their hosts. Two distinct yeasts were identified by PCR within the planthopper Perkinsiella saccharicida, the vector of Fiji disease virus to sugarcane. The utility of both microbes for potential paratransgenic approaches to control Fiji leaf gall (FLG) was assessed. Phylogenetic analysis showed one of the microbes is related to yeast-like symbionts from the planthoppers: Laodelphax striatellus, Nilaparvat ...201121850475
complete genomic sequence analysis of a highly virulent isolate revealed a novel strain of sugarcane mosaic virus.sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) is the most prevalent virus causing maize dwarf mosaic disease in northern china. a scmv isolate, bd8, was obtained from the maize showing dwarf and mosaic symptoms in baoding, china. the complete genomic sequence of bd8 is 9,576 nucleotides (nt) excluding the poly(a) tail. it contains one single open reading frame of 9,192-ánt and encodes a large polyprotein of 3,063-áamino acids (aa), flanked by a 5'-untranslated region (utr) of 148-ánt and a 3'-utr of 236-ánt. th ...201121833715
sugar cane burning pollution and respiratory symptoms in schoolchildren in monte aprazível, southeastern brazil.to estimate the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and to analyze associated factors as well as peak expiratory flow measurements in schoolchildren.201121829978
differential protein expression in sugarcane during sugarcane-sporisorium scitamineum interaction revealed by 2-de and maldi-tof-tof/ms.to understand the molecular basis of a specific plant-pathogen interaction, it is important to identify plant proteins that respond to the pathogen attack. two sugarcane varieties, nco376 and ya71-374, were used in this study. by applying 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-de), the protein expression profile of sugarcane after inoculating with sporisorium scitamineum was analyzed. in total, 23 differentially expressed proteins were identified by maldi-tof-tof/ms. bioinformatics analysis revealed t ...201121822403
dissecting the genome of the polyploid crop oilseed rape by transcriptome sequencing.polyploidy complicates genomics-based breeding of many crops, including wheat, potato, cotton, oat and sugarcane. to address this challenge, we sequenced leaf transcriptomes across a mapping population of the polyploid crop oilseed rape (brassica napus) and representative ancestors of the parents of the population. analysis of sequence variation and transcript abundance enabled us to construct twin single nucleotide polymorphism linkage maps of b. napus, comprising 23,037 markers. we used these ...201121804563
functional markers for gene mapping and genetic diversity studies in sugarcane.the database of sugarcane expressed sequence tags (est) offers a great opportunity for developing molecular markers that are directly associated with important agronomic traits. the development of new est-ssr markers represents an important tool for genetic analysis. in sugarcane breeding programs, functional markers can be used to accelerate the process and select important agronomic traits, especially in the mapping of quantitative traits loci (qtl) and plant resistant pathogens or qualitative ...201121798036
second generation ethanol in brazil: can it compete with electricity production?much of the controversy surrounding second generation ethanol production arises from the assumed competition with first generation ethanol production; however, in brazil, where bioethanol is produced from sugarcane, sugarcane bagasse and trash will be used as feedstock for second generation ethanol production. thus, second generation ethanol production may be primarily in competition with electricity production from the lignocellulosic fraction of sugarcane. a preliminary technical and economic ...201121795041
differential gene expression in sugarcane in response to challenge by fungal pathogen ustilago scitaminea revealed by cdna-aflp.differential gene expression in sugarcane during sugarcane-ustilago scitaminea interaction was conducted in a smut-resistant genotype. using cdna-aflp along with silver staining, a total of 136 transcript-derived fragments (tdfs) were found to be differentially expressed in response to challenge by u. scitaminea. forty tdfs, 34 newly induced plus six with obvious upregulated expression after infection, were sequenced and validated by rt-pcr analysis. these results demonstrated that the expressio ...201121792273
sugarcane glycoproteins may act as signals for the production of xanthan in the plant-associated bacterium xanthomonas albilineans.visual symptoms of leaf scald necrosis in sugarcane (saccharum officinarum) leaves develop in parallel to the accumulation of a fibrous material invading exocellular spaces and both xylem and phloem. these fibers are produced and secreted by the plant-associated bacterium xanthomonas albilineans. electron microscopy and specific staining methods for polysaccharides reveal the polysaccharidic nature of this material. these polysaccharides are not present in healthy leaves or in those from disease ...201121791980
chronic consumption of distilled sugarcane spirit induces anxiolytic-like effects in mice.chronic ethanol consumption is a major public health problem throughout the world. we investigated the anxiolytic-like effects and the possible ever injury induced by the chronic consumption of ethanol or sugarcane spirit in mice.201121789394
development of a low-cost sterilization biological indicator using bacillus atrophaeus by solid-state fermentation.the production of biological indicators involving bacterial sporulation and multi-step downstream processes has been described. the goal of the present work was to use fermented material as the final product in a biological indicator, thereby reducing processing steps and costs. the performance of three different inexpensive supports (vermiculite, sand, and sugarcane bagasse) was assessed by determining bacillus atrophaeus sporulation during solid-state fermentation and by assessing the direct u ...201121785930
antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory constituents from a desugared sugar cane extract, a byproduct of sugar production.recycling agricultural resources has become an important issue worldwide promoting the economical value of agricultural production processes. desugared sugar cane extract (dse) from saccharum officinarum is a byproduct obtained during sugar production. two new neolignan glucosides, saccharnan a (1) and saccharnan b (2), together with 10 known phenolics (3-12) were isolated from dse, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of nmr spectral analysis. compounds 3, 4, 8, and 9 showed good a ...201121770441
effects of soil mechanical resistance on nematode community structure under conventional sugarcane and remaining of atlantic forest.nematodes present high potential as a biological indicator of soil quality. in this work, it was evaluated relations between soil physical properties and nematode community under sugarcane cropping and remaining of atlantic forest areas in northeastern pernambuco, brazil. soil samples were collected from september to november 2009 along two 200-m transects in both remaining of atlantic forest and sugarcane field at deeps of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, and 40-50 cm. for soil characterization, it w ...201221769561
lipid production from yarrowia lipolytica po1g grown in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate.this study investigated the possibility of utilizing detoxified sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate (dscbh) as an alternative carbon source to culture yarrowia lipolytica po1g for microbial oil and biodiesel production. sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis with 2.5% hcl resulted in maximum total sugar concentration (21.38g/l) in which 13.59g/l is xylose, 3.98g/l is glucose, and 2.78g/l is arabinose. detoxification of scbh by ca(oh)(2) neutralization reduced the concentration of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and fur ...201121757339
poly-lactic acid synthesis for application in biomedical devices - a review.bioabsorbable polymers are considered a suitable alternative to the improvement and development of numerous applications in medicine. poly-lactic acid (pla,) is one of the most promising biopolymers due to the fact that the monomers may produced from non toxic renewable feedstock as well as is naturally occurring organic acid. lactic acid can be made by fermentation of sugars obtained from renewable resources as such sugarcane. therefore, pla is an eco-friendly product with better features for u ...201121756992
leviserpin: a serine peptidase inhibitor (serpin) from the sugarcane weevil sphenophorus levis.serine peptidase inhibitors (serpins) form a superfamily of proteins covering abroad spectrum of different biological functions. here we describe the inhibitory characterization of leviserpin, the first serpin from the sugar cane weevil sphenophorus levis. leviserpin was able to inhibit bovine trypsin by the formation of the covalent complex serpin-peptidase, demonstrated by sds-page and mass spectroscopy analysis. we also have determined the cleavage site at the reactive center loop, by the ana ...201121748377
plasmodium falciparum and helminth coinfections among schoolchildren in relation to agro-ecosystems in mvomero district, tanzania.in sub-saharan africa, some individuals infected with malaria are also infected with helminths. however, the magnitude and distribution of such coinfections in relation to eco-systems remains poorly defined. this study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of plasmodium falciparum and helminth coinfections among schoolchildren in relation to agro-ecosystems in mvomero district, tanzania.201121741929
high molecular variability of sugarcane bacilliform viruses in guadeloupe implying the existence of at least three new species.thirty-five unique partial sugarcane bacilliform virus (scbv) sequences extending over 529bp were identified in sugarcane samples from guadeloupe diagnosed by immunocapture-pcr (ic-pcr) using specific badnavirus primers. phylogenetic analysis of these sequences along with the two known genome sequences of sugarcane bacilliform mor virus (scbmv) and sugarcane bacilliform im virus (scbimv) revealed high molecular variability in the scbv genome. seven phylogenetic groups, named a to g, were charact ...201121741419
production and characterization of a glycolipid biosurfactant, mannosylerythritol lipid b, from sugarcane juice by ustilago scitaminea nbrc 32730.mannosylerythritol lipids (mels) are glycolipid biosurfactants excreted by fungal strains. they show not only excellent surface-active properties but also versatile biochemical actions. ustilago scitaminea nbrc 32730 has been reported mainly to produce a mono-acetylated and di-acylated mel, mel-b, from sucrose as sole carbon source. in order to make biosurfactant production more efficient, we focused our attention on the use of sugarcane juice, one of the most economical resources. the fungal st ...201121737925
scientific challenges of bioethanol production in brazil.bioethanol (fuel alcohol) has been produced by industrial alcoholic fermentation processes in brazil since the beginning of the twentieth century. currently, 432 mills and distilleries crush about 625 million tons of sugarcane per crop, producing about 27 billion liters of ethanol and 38.7 million tons of sugar. the production of bioethanol from sugarcane represents a major large-scale technology capable of producing biofuel efficiently and economically, providing viable substitutes to gasoline. ...201121735264
reuse of sugarcane bagasse ash (scba) to produce ceramic materials.sugarcane bagasse ash (scba) is a residue resulting from the burning of bagasse in boilers in the sugarcane/alcohol industry. scba has a very high silica concentration and contains aluminum, iron, alkalis and alkaline earth oxides in smaller amounts. in this work, the properties of sintered ceramic bodies were evaluated based on the concentration of scba, which replaced non-plastic material. the ash was mixed (up to 60 wt%) with a clayed raw material that is used to produce roof tiles. prismatic ...201121733619
effects of d-003 (10 mg/day) on bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blinded study.increased osteoclast activity is a pivotal finding in osteoporosis. this increase is mediated via the mevalonate-to-cholesterol pathway, which is involved in producing the intermediates required for osteoclast activity. d-003, a mixture of high molecular weight sugarcane wax acids, has been shown to inhibit cholesterol synthesis prior to mevalonate production, resulting in a reduction of bone loss and resorption in ovariectomized rats. moreover, previous studies have demonstrated that short-term ...201121716593
induction of insect plant resistance to the spittlebug mahanarva fimbriolata stål (hemiptera: cercopidae) in sugarcane by silicon application.changes in the agroecosystem with the increase of green cane harvesting in brazil affected the insect populations associated to this crop, and secondary pests like the spittlebug mahanarva fimbriolata stål, became much more important. many studies have demonstrated the active role played by silicon in plant defense against herbivory. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of silicon applications on the biology of the spittlebug reared on two resistant (sp79-1011 and sp80-1816) a ...201321710035
phytotherapy in medieval serbian medicine according to the pharmacological manuscripts of the chilandar medical codex (15-16th centuries).the chilandar medical codex is the most significant and best preserved medieval serbian manuscript and collects together documents on european medical science from the 12th to 15th centuries. it represents the best-known and most complete example of a large collection of medical manuscripts from the salerno-montpellier school, written in the vernacular - something which does not exist among the majority of european nations. this paper presents the section of the codex that deals with phytotherap ...201121708242
production of bioethanol, methane and heat from sugarcane bagasse in a biorefinery concept.the potential of biogas production from the residues of second generation bioethanol production was investigated taking into consideration two types of pretreatment: lime or alkaline hydrogen peroxide. bagasse was pretreated, enzymatically hydrolyzed and the wastes from pretreatment and hydrolysis were used to produce biogas. results have shown that if pretreatment is carried out at a bagasse concentration of 4% dm, the highest global methane production is obtained with the peroxide pretreatment ...201121689929
bacillus rhizosphaerae sp. nov., an novel diazotrophic bacterium isolated from sugarcane rhizosphere soil.a gram-positive, non-pigmented, rod-shaped, diazotrophic bacterial strain, designated sc-n012(t), was isolated from rhizosphere soil of sugarcane and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. the strain exhibited phenotypic properties that included chemotaxonomic characteristics consistent with its classification in the genus bacillus. sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene of sc-n012(t) revealed the closest match (98.9% pair wise similarity) with bacillus clausii dsm 8716(t). however, dna- ...201121671194
nutrient budgets (c, n and p) and trophic dynamics of a brazilian tropical estuary: barra das jangadas.this paper focuses on the nutrient dynamics of a tropical estuary on the northeastern brazilian coast, studied using the loicz biogeochemical budgeting protocol. we describe the methodology and assumptions underlying this model. input data (monthly for rainfall, evaporation, river discharge, and concentrations of salt, phosphorus and nitrogen) were obtained during field campaigns in the barra das jangadas estuary (bje) over a 5 years period (1999 to 2003). mass balance results indicate large inp ...201121670871
responses of maize (zea mays l.) near isogenic lines carrying wsm1, wsm2, and wsm3 to three viruses in the potyviridae.genes on chromosomes six (wsm1), three (wsm2) and ten (wsm3) in the maize (zea mays l.) inbred line pa405 control resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv), and the same or closely linked genes control resistance to maize dwarf mosaic virus (mdmv) and sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv). near isogenic lines (nil) carrying one or two of the genes were developed by introgressing regions of the respective chromosomes into the susceptible line oh28 and tested for their responses to wsmv, mdmv, and sc ...201121667271
optimization of fibrolytic enzyme production by aspergillus japonicus c03 with potential application in ruminant feed and their effects on tropical forages hydrolysis.fibrolytic enzyme production by aspergillus japonicus c03 was optimized in a medium containing agro-industrial wastes, supplemented with peptone and yeast extract. a 2(3) full factorial composite and response surface methodology were used to design the experiments and analysis of results. tropical forages were hydrolyzed by a. japonicus c03 enzymatic extract in different levels, and they were also tested as enzymatic substrate. optimal production to xylanase was obtained with soybean bran added ...201121647681
co-cultivation of mutant penicillium oxalicum sau(e)-3.510 and pleurotus ostreatus for simultaneous biosynthesis of xylanase and laccase under solid-state fermentation.co-cultivation of mutant penicillium oxalicum sau(e)-3.510 and pleurotus ostreatus mtcc 1804 was evaluated for the production of xylanase-laccase mixture under solid-state fermentation (ssf) condition. growth compatibility between mutant p. oxalicum sau(e)-3.510 and white rot fungi (p. ostreatus mtcc 1804, trametes hirsuta mtcc 136 and pycnoporus sp. mtcc 137) was analyzed by growing them on potato dextrose agar plate. extracellular enzyme activities were determined spectrophotometrically. under ...201121642024
ethanol production by a new pentose-fermenting yeast strain, scheffersomyces stipitis ufmg-imh 43.2, isolated from the brazilian forest.the ability of a recently isolated scheffersomyces stipitis strain (ufmg-imh 43.2) to produce ethanol from xylose was evaluated. for the assays, a hemicellulosic hydrolysate produced by dilute acid hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse was used as the fermentation medium. initially, the necessity of adding nutrients (mgso(4) ·7h(2) o, yeast extract and/or urea) to this medium was verified, and the yeast extract supplementation favoured ethanol production by the yeast. then, in a second stage, assays u ...201121626536
candida middelhoveniana sp. nov., a new yeast species found on the rhizoplane of organically cultivated sugarcane.a novel yeast species within the metschnikowiaceae is described based on a strain from the sugarcane (saccharum sp.) rhizoplane of an organically managed farm in rio de janeiro, brazil. the d1/d2 domain of the large subunit ribosomal rna gene sequence analysis showed that the closest related species were candida tsuchiyae with 86.2% and candida thailandica with 86.7% of sequence identity. all three are anamorphs in the clavispora opuntiae clade. the name candida middelhoveniana sp. nov. is propo ...201121614495
isolation of pseudozyma churashimaensis sp. nov., a novel ustilaginomycetous yeast species as a producer of glycolipid biosurfactants, mannosylerythritol lipids.an ustilaginomycetous anamorphic yeast species isolated from the leaves of saccharum officinarum (sugarcane) in okinawa, japan, was identified as a novel pseudozyma species based on morphological and physiological aspects and molecular taxonomic analysis using the d1/d2 domains of the large subunit (26s) rrna gene and the internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1)-5.8s-its2 regions. the name pseudozyma churashimaensis sp. nov. was proposed for the novel species, with jcm 16988(t) as the type strain. i ...201121606002
global warming, plant paraquat resistance, and light signal transduction through nucleoside diphosphate kinase as a paradigm for increasing food supply.light signal transduction was studied in extracts of mycelia of the fungus neurospora crassa, and the third internodes of dark-grown pisum sativum cv alaska. both processes increased the phosphorylation of nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndpk). ndpk may function as a carrier of reduction equivalents, as it binds nadh, thereby providing electrons to transform singlet oxygen to superoxide by catalases (cat). as the c-termini of ndpk interact with cat which receive singlet oxygen, emitted from photo ...201121603975
laboratory and field evaluation of metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae for controlling subterranean termites.the efficacy of the metarhizium anisopliae strain arsef 6911 was determined in the laboratory and field against two sugarcane pests, microtermes obesi holmgren and odontotermes obesus rambur (termitidae: isoptera). the susceptibility of both termite species to different conidial suspensions (1 × 10(10), 1 × 10(8), 1 × 10(6) and 1 × 10(4) conidia/ml) was determined in laboratory. all conidial suspensions were able to induce mortality. termite mortality caused by the fungal suspensions was dose de ...201121584407
cellulases and hemicellulases from endophytic acremonium species and its application on sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis.the aim of this work was to have cellulase activity and hemicellulase activity screenings of endophyte acremonium species (acremonium zeae ea0802 and acremonium sp. ea0810). both fungi were cultivated in submerged culture (sc) containing l -arabinose, d -xylose, oat spelt xylan, sugarcane bagasse, or corn straw as carbon source. in solid-state fermentation, it was tested as carbon source sugarcane bagasse or corn straw. the highest fpase, endoglucanase, and xylanase activities were produced by a ...201121573756
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