Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| studies on the paratyphoid - enteritidis group : vii. enteric infection ("food poisoning") due to tapioca pudding contaminated with b. cholerae suis (b. suipestifer). | 1922 | 19972563 | |
| evaluation of elastic modulus and hardness of crop stalks cell walls by nano-indentation. | agricultural biomaterials such as crop stalks are natural sources of cellulosic fiber and have great potential as reinforced materials in bio-composites. in order to evaluate their potential as materials for reinforcement, the nano-mechanical properties of crop-stalk cell walls, i.e. those of cotton (gossypium herbaceu) stalk, soybean (glycine max) stalk, cassava (manihot esculent) stalk, rice (oryza sativa l.) straw, and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) straw, were investigated by means of nano-ind ... | 2010 | 19954968 |
| conservation and divergence of micrornas and their functions in euphorbiaceous plants. | micrornas (mirnas) are approximately 21 nt non-coding rnas which regulate post-transcriptional gene expression. mirnas are key regulators of nearly all essential biological processes. aiming at understanding mirna's functions in euphorbiaceae, a large flowering plant family, we performed a genome-scale systematic study of mirnas in euphorbiaceae, by combining computational prediction and experimental analysis to overcome the difficulty of lack of genomes for most euphorbiaceous species. specific ... | 2010 | 19942686 |
| the targets of acetone cyanohydrin neurotoxicity in the rat are not the ones expected in an animal model of konzo. | konzo is a neurotoxic motor disease caused by excess consumption of insufficiently processed cassava. cassava contains the cyanogenic glucoside linamarin, but konzo does not present the known pathological effects of cyanide. we hypothesized that the aglycone of linamarin, acetone cyanohydrin, may be the cause of konzo. this nitrile rapidly decomposes into cyanide and acetone, but the particular exposure and nutrition conditions involved in the emergence of konzo may favor its stabilization and s ... | 2010 | 19932169 |
| yeast microflora isolated from brazilian cassava roots: taxonomical classification based on molecular identification. | a rapid molecular identification technique was applied on microbial microflora isolated from brazilian cassava roots given a yeast profile presented in the samples analyzed. a total of 24 strain isolated from cassava were initially grouped and identified in five groups using restriction-fragment length polymorphism (rflps) of 5.8s-its rdna region. sequencing analysis of the domains d1 and d2 of the 26s rrna gene or 5.8s rrna-its region were used to identify different groups of yeasts. representa ... | 2010 | 19924478 |
| nir determination of major constituents in tropical root and tuber crop flours. | tropical root and tuber crops (cassava, sweet potato, taro, and yam) are staples in developing countries where rapid urbanization is strengthening the demand for flour based foods. quality control techniques are still under development, and when available, laboratory analyses are too expensive. the objectives of this study were to calibrate near-infrared spectroscopy (nirs) for routine analysis of flours and to test its reliability to determine their major constituents. flours prepared from 472 ... | 2009 | 19919112 |
| biodiversity and phytase capacity of yeasts isolated from tanzanian togwa. | the focus of the present investigation was on the tanzanian fermented food togwa as a source for dietary iron and zinc, and the potential for mineral availability improvements using selected yeasts. to establish the content of target minerals and main inhibitor for intestinal uptake, iron and zinc as well as the mineral chelating phytic acid, (ip(6) or phytate) were determined in naturally fermented togwa. yeasts were isolated from sorghum, maize and cassava based togwa, and identified by sequen ... | 2010 | 19906458 |
| screening and production study of microbial xylanase producers from brazilian cerrado. | hemicelluloses are polysaccharides of low molecular weight containing 100 to 200 glycosidic residues. in plants, the xylans or the hemicelluloses are situated between the lignin and the collection of cellulose fibers underneath. the xylan is the most common hemicellulosic polysaccharide in cell walls of land plants, comprising a backbone of xylose residues linked by beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds. so, xylanolytic enzymes from microorganism have attracted a great deal of attention in the last decade, ... | 2010 | 19898784 |
| cacl2 enhanced somatic embryogenesis in manihot esculenta crantz. | primary cassava somatic embryos were induced on a medium without cacl(2), however, no or only a few secondary somatic embryos were formed from them. with 15 mm cacl(2) in the medium for induction of cassava primary embryos, more secondary somatic embryos were produced from them, and they were much effective in maintaining their embryogenic capacity than the controls of embryos which were induced without cacl(2). | 2009 | 19897906 |
| weissella beninensis sp. nov., a motile lactic acid bacterium from submerged cassava fermentations, and emended description of the genus weissella. | four gram-positive, catalase-negative, short rod-shaped or coccoid, heterofermentative lactic acid bacterial strains (2l24p13(t), 1l48p15, 1l24p31 and 1l24p34) with unusual phenotypic and genotypic properties were isolated from submerged fermenting cassava on mrs agar. all strains were motile, grew at 15 degrees c, produced dl-lactic acid from glucose with gas formation and produced ammonia from arginine. acid was produced from d-fructose, d-galactose, d-glucose, lactose, maltose, d-mannose, mel ... | 2010 | 19897612 |
| chemical composition of eucalyptus spp. essential oils and their insecticidal effects on lutzomyia longipalpis. | the chemical composition of essential oils from three species of plants belonging to the eucalyptus genus was determined and, their insecticidal effects on egg, larva and adult phases of lutzomyia longipalpis were assessed. the insects were collected in the municipality of sobral in the state of ceará, brazil. five treatments with different concentrations were performed along with two negative controls, distilled water and tween 80 (3%), and a positive control, cypermethrin (0.196mg/ml). the tes ... | 2010 | 19896276 |
| genotypic diversity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from african traditional alkaline-fermented foods. | to identify and compare lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from alkaline fermentations of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) leaves, roselle (hibiscus sabdariffa) and african locust bean (parkia biglobosa) seeds for production of, respectively, ntoba mbodi, bikalga and soumbala. | 2010 | 19895650 |
| hydroxypropylated tapioca starch retards the development of insulin resistance in kkay mice, a type 2 diabetes model, fed a high-fat diet. | the hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effect of hydroxypropyl tapioca starch (hpts, degree of substitution = 0.180) was investigated in male kkay mice. mice were fed a purified high-fat (20%) diet without or with hpts (5% or 10%) for 33 d. gelatinized tapioca starch (ts) was used as a reference. fasting blood glucose concentrations, days 14 and 28, were significantly lower in the 10% hpts group compared with the reference. in an oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt), day 28, blood glucose concentration ... | 2009 | 19895475 |
| chapter 50: history of tropical neurology. | tropical neurology began less than two centuries ago. consumption of dietary toxins predominated at the beginning and gave birth to the geographic entity. the story moved from lathyrism through jamaican neuropathy to cassava-induced epidemic neuropathy, which was contrasted with konzo, also associated with cassava. other tropical diseases enumerated with chronological details include: chaga's diseases, kwashiorkor, madras type of motor neuron disease, atlanto-axial dislocation, burkitt's lymphom ... | 2010 | 19892153 |
| optimization of diagnostic rt-pcr protocols and sampling procedures for the reliable and cost-effective detection of cassava brown streak virus. | sampling procedures and diagnostic protocols were optimized for accurate diagnosis of cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) (genus ipomovirus, family potyviridae). a cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ctab) method was optimized for sample preparation from infected cassava plants and compared with the rneasy plant mini kit (qiagen) for sensitivity, reproducibility and costs. cbsv was detectable readily in total rnas extracted using either method. the major difference between the two methods was in the ... | 2010 | 19879299 |
| internal phloem in an interspecific hybrid of cassava, an indicator of breeding value for drought resistance. | we examined the stem anatomy of manihot esculenta crantz and its hybrid with m. oligantha pax. cross-sections were stained with safranin-alcian blue. manihot esculenta and its hybrid were found to have the same vascular structure in bicollateral bundles with internal phloem, which has been associated with drought resistance in other plant groups. if this association is established for cassava, it would facilitate the selection of lines that are more adapted to arid regions. this is the first rep ... | 2009 | 19866433 |
| a case-control study of roles of diet in colorectal carcinoma in a south indian population. | the worldwide incidence of colorectal cancer has increased rapidly in the past few decades and dietary habits have been implicated in the cause. though the indian diet varies substantially from western diet, there have not been detailed studies on any association. | 2009 | 19827870 |
| searching for new clues about the molecular cause of endomyocardial fibrosis by way of in silico proteomics and analytical chemistry. | endomyocardial fibrosis (emf) -is a chronic inflammatory disease of the heart with related pathology to that of late stage chaga's disease. indeed, both diseases are thought to result from auto-immune responses against myocardial tissue. as is the case that molecular mimicry between the acidic termini of trypanosoma cruzi ribosomal p0, p1 and p2beta (or simply tcp0, tcp1, and tcp2beta) proteins and myocardial tissue causes chaga's disease, excessive exposure to certain infections, toxins includi ... | 2009 | 19823676 |
| [application of icp-ms to detection of mineral elements and heavy metals in cassava's byproducts]. | cassava is a main cultivated tropical crop in china, its rich starch roots are often used to produce fuel ethanol in recent years, so it's a kind of hot biomass energy crops. but cassava's byproducts such as leaves, stems and peels are regarded as waste, and are not fully utilized. cassava's byproducts contain many nutrients, and can be used to process high value food products. the contents of mineral elements and heavy metals in cassava's byproducts were studied by icp-ms. the results showed th ... | 2009 | 19798987 |
| growth and nutritive value of cassava (manihot esculenta cranz.) are reduced when grown in elevated co. | global food security in a changing climate depends on both the nutritive value of staple crops as well as their yields. here, we examined the direct effect of atmospheric co(2) on cassava (manihot esculenta cranz., manioc), a staple for 750 million people worldwide. cassava is poor in nutrients and contains high levels of cyanogenic glycosides that break down to release toxic hydrogen cyanide when damaged. we grew cassava at three concentrations of co(2) (c(a): 360, 550 and 710 ppm) supplied tog ... | 2009 | 19778371 |
| comparative nutritive value of cassava leaf meal, soya beans, fish meal and casein in diets for growing pigs. | a trial was conducted to investigate energy and nutrient digestibility of cassava leaf meal (clm), casein (cas), fish meal (fm), full-fat soya bean (ffsb) and extracted soya bean meal (sbm). the basal diet containing cassava root meal (crm) and ffsb meal and the other five dietary treatments were evaluated with 12 crossbred castrated male pigs in a metabolism study covering three successive experimental periods between 40 and 60 kg body weight (bw). total tract digestibility of dry matter (dm), ... | 2004 | 19774760 |
| production of acetone-butanol-ethanol (abe) in direct fermentation of cassava by clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum n1-4. | in this work, acetone-butanol-ethanol (abe) fermentation characteristics of cassava starch and cassava chips when using clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum n1-4 was presented. the obtained results in batch mode using a 1-l fermenter showed that c. saccharoperbutylacetonicum n1-4 was a hyperamylolytic strain and capable of producing solvents efficiently from cassava starch and cassava chips, which was comparable to when glucose was used. batch fermentation of cassava starch and cassava chips r ... | 2010 | 19771401 |
| gene-based microsatellites for cassava (manihot esculenta crantz): prevalence, polymorphisms, and cross-taxa utility. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), a starchy root crop grown in tropical and subtropical climates, is the sixth most important crop in the world after wheat, rice, maize, potato and barley. the repertoire of simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers for cassava is limited and warrants a need for a larger number of polymorphic ssrs for germplasm characterization and breeding applications. | 2009 | 19747391 |
| the adenovirus-mediated linamarase/linamarin suicide system: a potential strategy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. | suicide gene therapy, also known as gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy, has the potential to provide a cure for hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc), which is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. linamarase from cassava is an enzyme that can hydrolyze the innocuous substrate linamarin into cyanide, which can block the mitochondrial respiratory chain of cells. to investigate whether linamarase and linamarin can be used for hcc treatment, a recombinant adenovirus carrying linamarase cdna was con ... | 2010 | 19733963 |
| amarelinha do amapá: a carotenoid-rich cassava cultivar. | eight cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) cultivars, of which four are indigenous to the amazon region, along with an interspecific hybrid, were assessed for their carotenoid content. they were propagated and are maintained in the living manihot collection at the university of brasília. the cultivar "amarelinha do amapá", which was collected from the state of amapá, was found to have a very high content of beta-carotene: 27 mg per 100 mg, which is more than 50-fold higher than in other cassava cu ... | 2009 | 19731202 |
| amylase production by saccharomycopsis fibuligera a11 in solid-state fermentation for hydrolysis of cassava starch. | the optimization of process parameters for high amylase production by saccharomycopsis fibuligera a11 in solid-state fermentation was carried out using central composite design. finally, the optimal parameters obtained with the response surface methodology (rsm) were moisture 610.0 ml/kg, inoculum 30.0 ml (od(600 nm) = 20.0)/kg, the amount ratio of wheat bran to rice husk 0.42, cassava starch concentration 20.0 g/kg, temperature 28 degrees c, and natural ph. under the optimized conditions, 4,296 ... | 2010 | 19701612 |
| genotype-phenotype correlation in 9 patients with tropical pancreatitis and identified gene mutations. | the etiopathogenesis of tropical chronic pancreatitis (tcp) remains unclear. malnutrition, dietary toxins like cyanogens in cassava and micronutrient deficiency are proposed factors. the description and characterization of genetic factors in tcp has added a new dimension to the understanding of pathogenesis of the disease. however, there is sparse data on the association of tcp with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) gene mutations. we report 8 patients of tcp with cftr g ... | 2009 | 19696993 |
| in vitro estimates of iron bioavailability in some kenyan complementary foods. | iron-deficiency anemia is by far the most widespread micronutrient deficiency disease in the world, affecting more than 2 billion people. although there are multiple causes of anemia, its high prevalence among children-especially in developing countries such as kenya-is attributed to an inadequate intake of dietary iron. | 2009 | 19689093 |
| do sri lankan meals help decrease blood glucose response? | the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (dm) has rapidly increased in asian countries including sri lanka during the past decade. scientific data on postprandial glycaemic influence of common meals is essential when formulating diets. objectives of this study were to analyse glycaemic indices (gi) of five common meals and effects of macronutrients, sources of carbohydrates, and physicochemical properties of starch on observed gi values. | 2009 | 19670545 |
| characterization of the cassava geminivirus transcription activation protein putative nuclear localization signal. | the geminivirus transcription activation protein (trap) localizes to the nucleus and contains a putative nuclear localization signal (nls) ((28)prrrr(32)) on the n-terminus. the role of individual residues of this putative nls on nuclear localization and symptom induction was investigated using trap of east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus (eacmcv). subcellular localization was conducted using the green fluorescent protein (gfp). results showed that the proline residue at position 28 (pro-2 ... | 2009 | 19665038 |
| influence of starch steeping period on dimensionless disintegration values of a paracetamol tablet formulation. | in this study, tapioca starches obtained after different steeping periods, i.e. ts 24, ts 48 and ts 72, were used as disintegrants with corn starch bp as the standard disintegrant in a paracetamol tablet formulation. two dimensionless disintegration quantities, t(n) and t(c) were used in the determination of the influence that steeping period of starch disintegrant would have on the crushing strength friability-disintegration time ratio (csfr/dt). these quantities were used to assess the influen ... | 2013 | 19645332 |
| effects of cassava starch hydrolysate on cell growth and lipid accumulation of the heterotrophic microalgae chlorella protothecoides. | heterotrophic fermentation of microalgae has been shown to accumulate high amounts of microalgal lipids, which are regarded as one of the most promising feedstocks for sustainable biodiesel production. to increase the biomass and reduce the cost of microalgal culture, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using cassava starch hydrolysate (csh) instead of glucose as carbon source for heterotrophic culture of chlorella protothecoides in flasks. first, the two-step enzymatic ... | 2009 | 19633877 |
| gourd and squash artifacts yield starch grains of feasting foods from preceramic peru. | in a study of residues from gourd and squash artifacts, we recovered starch grains from manioc (manihot esculenta), potato (solanum sp.), chili pepper (capsicum spp.), arrowroot (maranta arundinacea), and algarrobo (prosopis sp.) from feasting contexts at the buena vista site, a central peruvian preceramic site dating to approximately 2200 calendar years b.c. this study has implications for the study of plant food use wherever gourds or squashes are preserved, documents the earliest evidence for ... | 2009 | 19633184 |
| cyanide removal from cassava mill wastewater using azotobactor vinelandii tistr 1094 with mixed microorganisms in activated sludge treatment system. | cassava mill wastewater has a high organic and cyanide content and is an important economic product of traditional and rural low technology agro-industry in many parts of the world. however, the wastewater is toxic and can pose serious threat to the environment and aquatic life in the receiving waters. the ability of azotobactor vinelandii tistr 1094, a n2-fixing bacterium, to grow and remove cyanide in cassava wastewater was evaluated. results revealed that the cells in the exponential phase re ... | 2009 | 19632039 |
| antimicrobial, mechanical, and barrier properties of cassava starch-chitosan films incorporated with oregano essential oil. | the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of starch-chitosan films incorporated with oregano essential oil (oeo) have been investigated. the antimicrobial effects of starch-chitosan-oeo films against bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, and staphylococcus aureus were determined by the disk inhibition zone method. the film mechanical properties, water vapor permeability (wvp), fourier transform infrared spectra (ftir), and thermograms (tga) were also determined. films ... | 2009 | 19627142 |
| effect of granule size on the interference colors of starch in polarized light. | a nikitin-berek compensator tilted at 5.5 degrees in a polarizing microscope was used to create a background second-order blue interference color against which starch granules were examined. a grating monochromator showed the first interference minimum of the background was at 590 nm. starch granules have a radial molecular structure. thus, some radii were in line with the axis of the compensator while others were across the compensator axis. where radial birefringence counteracted the backgroun ... | 2009 | 19585308 |
| toxic effects of prolonged administration of leaves of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) to goats. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a major source of dietary energy for humans and domestic animals in many tropical countries. however, consumption of cassava is limited by its characteristic content of cyanogenic glycosides. the present work aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of ingestion of cassava leaves by goats for 30 consecutive days, and to compare the results with the toxic effects of cyanide in goats, which have been described previously. eight alpine cross-bred female goats were d ... | 2010 | 19559583 |
| [degradation of cyanide and maturity in cassava processing wastes composting]. | an investigation was carried out to approach the degradation of cyanide and maturity during the cassava processing wastes composting process. mixtures of cassava hull, cassava residues and pig manure were used in the experiment. parameters like temperature, ph, cyanide, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and c/n ratio were assessed during the composting process, the effect of composting process on the degradation of cyanide and maturity were evaluated. the results reveal that the content of cyanid ... | 2009 | 19558134 |
| a nested case-control study of female breast cancer in karunagappally cohort in kerala, india. | lifestyle factors related to breast cancer risk were examined in a case-control study nested in a cohort in karunagappally, kerala, south india. we sought interviews with all the residents in karunagappally with the population of 385,103 (191,149 males and 193,954 females) in the 1991 census and established a cohort of 359,619 (93% of the population in 1991) in 1990. for analysis 264 breast cancer cases with age > or = 20 years were selected from 438 breast cancer cases reported during the perio ... | 2009 | 19548367 |
| ammonium acetate enhances solvent production by clostridium acetobutylicum ea 2018 using cassava as a fermentation medium. | cassava, due to its high starch content and low cost, is a promising candidate substrate for large-scale fermentation processes aimed at producing the solvents acetone, butanol and ethanol (abe). however, the solvent yield from the fermentation of cassava reaches only 60% of that achieved by fermenting corn. we have found that the addition of ammonium acetate (ch(3)coonh(4)) to the cassava medium significantly promotes solvent production from cassava fermented by clostridium acetobutylicum ea 20 ... | 2009 | 19543929 |
| molecular characterization of the plant virus genus ourmiavirus and evidence of inter-kingdom reassortment of viral genome segments as its possible route of origin. | ourmia melon virus (oumv), epirus cherry virus (epcv) and cassava virus c (csvc) are three species placed in the genus ourmiavirus. we cloned and sequenced their rna genomes. the sizes of the three genomic rnas of oumv, the type member of the genus, were 2814, 1064 and 974 nt and each had one open reading frame. rna1 potentially encoded a 97.5 kda protein carrying the gdd motif typical of rna-dependent rna polymerases (rdrps). the putative rdrps of ourmiaviruses are distantly related to known vi ... | 2009 | 19535502 |
| production of lactic acid and ethanol by rhizopus oryzae integrated with cassava pulp hydrolysis. | cassava pulp was hydrolyzed with acids or enzymes. a high glucose concentration (>100 g/l) was obtained from the hydrolysis with 1 n hcl at 121 degrees c, 15 min or with cellulase and amylases. while a high glucose yield (>0.85 g/g dry pulp) was obtained from the hydrolysis with hcl, enzymatic hydrolysis yielded only 0.4 g glucose/g dry pulp. these hydrolysates were used as the carbon source in fermentation by rhizopus oryzae nrrl395. r. oryzae could not grow in media containing the hydrolysates ... | 2010 | 19533174 |
| ants as biological indicators of wayana amerindian land use in french guiana. | we examined the ecological impact of traditional land use by wayana amerindians in french guiana using ants as bio-indicators. ants were sampled through a rapid assessment method and the core results analyzed using kohonen's self-organizing maps (som). our sample sites included: (1) a wayana village; (2) a cassava plantation; (3) an abandoned cassava plantation; (4) a forest fragment near the village; (5) a riparian forest; and (6) a primary terra firma forest. the ant diversity decreases accord ... | 2009 | 19523607 |
| effect of feeding cassava and/or stylosanthes foliage on the performance of crossbred growing cattle. | the effect of feeding different levels of cassava foliage (manihot esculenta, crantz) and/or stylosanthes guianensis foliage on the growth and digestibility was studied using twenty eight 6-month-old crossbred growing cattle (50% local yellow cattle and 50% sindhi) (both bos indicus) weighing on average 114 kg at start. all animals were fed a basal diet consisting of urea treated rice straw (urtrs) fed ad libitum, 0.87 kg concentrate and 0.22 kg molasses on dry matter (dm) basis. the treatments ... | 2010 | 19521793 |
| population genetics of manihot esculenta ssp. flabellifolia gives insight into past distribution of xeric vegetation in a postulated forest refugium area in northern amazonia. | the guianas have often been proposed as a forest refugium; however, this view has received little testing. studies of population genetics of forest taxa suggest that the central part of french guiana remained forested, while the southern part (currently forested) may have harboured more open vegetation. insights into the population structure of species restricted to non-forested habitats can help test this hypothesis. using six microsatellite loci, we investigated the population genetics of fren ... | 2009 | 19500251 |
| the water footprint of bioenergy. | all energy scenarios show a shift toward an increased percentage of renewable energy sources, including biomass. this study gives an overview of water footprints (wfs) of bioenergy from 12 crops that currently contribute the most to global agricultural production: barley, cassava, maize, potato, rapeseed, rice, rye, sorghum, soybean, sugar beet, sugar cane, and wheat. in addition, this study includes jatropha, a suitable energy crop. since climate and production circumstances differ among region ... | 2009 | 19497862 |
| the microbiota of lafun, an african traditional cassava food product. | lafun is a fermented cassava food product consumed in parts of west africa. in the present work the microorganisms (aerobic bacteria (ab), lactic acid bacteria (lab) and yeasts) associated with the fermentation of lafun under traditional conditions have for the first time been studied using a combination of pheno- and genotypic methods. during lafun fermentation the ab count ranged from 6-7 log(10) cfu/g at the beginning to 9 log(10) cfu/g at the end. similarly, the number of lab increased from ... | 2009 | 19493582 |
| physicochemical and functional properties of ozone-oxidized starch. | the effects of oxidation by ozone gas on some physicochemical and functional properties of starch (corn, sago, and tapioca) were investigated. starch in dry powder form was exposed to ozone for 10 min at different ozone generation times (ogts). carboxyl and carbonyl contents increased markedly in all starches with increasing ogts. oxidation significantly decreased the swelling power of oxidized sago and tapioca starches but increased that of oxidized corn starch. the solubility of tapioca starch ... | 2009 | 19489606 |
| cassava wastewater as a substrate for the simultaneous production of rhamnolipids and polyhydroxyalkanoates by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | glycerol, cassava wastewater (cw), waste cooking oil and cw with waste frying oils were evaluated as alternative low-cost carbon substrates for the production of rhamnolipids and polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) by various pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. the polymers and surfactants produced were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (ms) and by high-performance liquid chromatography-ms, and their composition was found to vary with the carbon source and the strain used in the fe ... | 2009 | 19471980 |
| a comparative evaluation of the macronutrient and micronutrient profiles of soybean-fortified gari and tapioca. | gari and tapioca are storage-cupboard convenience foods obtained from the tubers of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). they are important staples in nigeria and many african countries where malnutrition is a major problem. tapioca is a quick-cooking food made from partly gelatinized starch and gari is a fermented, roasted, granular food made from cassava pulp. | 2009 | 19445264 |
| [ftir research on new kind of tapioca starch/bentonite composite casting binder]. | tapioca starch was used as the main material and self-developed organic-bentonite used as the modifier to make tapioca starch/bentonite composite binder by melting and solution intercalation technologies. the binder was characterized by means of ftir, xrd and mechanical performance test. the results showed that the interlamellar spacing of improved organic bentonite was larger than that of organic bentonite and na-bentonite, and the more the interlayer spacing of bentonite, the more advantageous ... | 2009 | 19445202 |
| uneven twins: comparison of two enantiocomplementary hydroxynitrile lyases with alpha/beta-hydrolase fold. | hydroxynitrile lyases (hnls) are applied in technical processes for the synthesis of chiral cyanohydrins. here we describe the thorough characterization of the recently discovered r-hydroxynitrile lyase from arabidopsis thaliana and its s-selective counterpart from manihot esculenta (mehnl) concerning their properties relevant for technical applications. the results are compared to available data of the structurally related s-hnl from hevea brasiliensis (hbhnl), which is frequently applied in te ... | 2009 | 19433222 |
| high-hydroxypropylated tapioca starch improves insulin resistance in genetically diabetic kkay mice. | the hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effect of hydroxypropyl tapioca starch (hpts) with a varying degree of substitution (ds: 0.058, 0.091, and 0.180) was investigated in rats and kkay mice, an animal model of type 2 diabetes. the positive incremental area under the curve (iauc) for glucose significantly decreased as the ds of hpts increased. the iauc after intragastric intubation of the highest hpts (hpts-iii, ds = 0.180) was 55% of the iauc of tapioca starch (ts). after 28 d, fasting blood glucos ... | 2009 | 19397723 |
| continuous ethanol production from cassava through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation by self-flocculating yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae chfy0321. | in this study, a fermentor consisting of four linked stirred towers that can be used for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) and for the accumulation of cell mass was applied to the continuous production of ethanol using cassava as the starchy material. for the continuous process with ssf, the pretreated cassava liquor and saccharification enzyme at total sugar concentrations of 175 g/l and 195 g/l were continuously fed to the fermentor with dilution rates of 0.014, 0.021, 0.031 ... | 2010 | 19396636 |
| simultaneous non-thermal saccharification of cassava pulp by multi-enzyme activity and ethanol fermentation by candida tropicalis. | cassava pulp, a solid by-product from starch processing, is a promising and underused biomass that can be converted to biofuels and other value-added bio-products. in this study, an alternative cassava pulp saccharification process, which utilizes the multi-activity enzyme from aspergillus niger bcc17849 and obviates the need for a pre-gelatinization step, was developed. the crude multi-enzyme composed of non-starch polysaccharide hydrolyzing enzyme activities, including cellulase, pectinase and ... | 2009 | 19393545 |
| elevated blood lead levels in a riverside population in the brazilian amazon. | lead (pb) is recognized as one of the most toxic metals. sources of pb exposure have been widely documented in north america, and the removal of pb additives from gasoline was reflected in a dramatic lowering of blood pb concentration. in latin america, the removal of pb from gasoline resulted in decreased exposure, but pb levels in many areas remain high due to occupational and environmental sources of exposure. while many of the pb sources have been identified (mining, industries, battery recy ... | 2009 | 19389665 |
| cassava brown streak virus (potyviridae) encodes a putative maf/ham1 pyrophosphatase implicated in reduction of mutations and a p1 proteinase that suppresses rna silencing but contains no hc-pro. | the complete positive-sense single-stranded rna genome of cassava brown streak virus (cbsv; genus ipomovirus; potyviridae) was found to consist of 9,069 nucleotides and predicted to produce a polyprotein of 2,902 amino acids. it was lacking helper-component proteinase but contained a single p1 serine proteinase that strongly suppressed rna silencing. besides the exceptional structure of the 5'-proximal part of the genome, cbsv also contained a maf/ham1-like sequence (678 nucleotides, 226 amino a ... | 2009 | 19386713 |
| the role of changing diet and altitude on goitre prevalence in five regional states in ethiopia. | iodine deficiency disorders (idd) as one of the leading nutritional problems has been increasing through time due to iodine deficiency, aggravating factors and idd knowledge in many parts of ethiopia. the effect of changing diet and altitude on goitre prevalence is assessed. | 2008 | 19374318 |
| plant geminivirus rep protein induces rereplication in fission yeast. | the replication-associated protein (rep) of geminiviruses, single-stranded dna viruses of higher plants, is essential for virus replication. since these viruses do not encode their own polymerases, rep induces differentiated plant cells to reenter the cell cycle by interacting with the plant homologues of retinoblastoma proteins in order to activate the host dna synthesis machinery. we have used fission yeast (schizosaccharomyces pombe) as a model organism to analyze the impact of ectopically ex ... | 2009 | 19369323 |
| removing allergens and reducing toxins from food crops. | genetic engineering is being applied to eliminate or substantially reduce plant-derived substances that can be harmful to human health in otherwise nutritious foods. post-transcriptional gene silencing, most recently via rna interference, has been used in efforts to remove allergens from rice, soybean, apple, tomato, and peanut. rna silencing has the potential to simultaneously alter expression of all members of a multi-gene family in a tissue-specific manner with little collateral change in the ... | 2009 | 19356919 |
| trace element levels in whole blood of riparian villagers of the brazilian amazon. | monitoring the nutritional status of essential elements is of critical importance in human health. however, trace element concentrations in biological fluids are affected by environmental and physiological parameters, and therefore considerable variations can occur between specific population subgroups. brazil is a large country with much food diversity. moreover, dietary habits differ from north to south. as an example, the traditional populations of the brazilian amazon basin are heavily depen ... | 2009 | 19329141 |
| saccharomycopsis fibuligera and its applications in biotechnology. | saccharomycopsis fibuligera is found to actively accumulate trehalose from starch and the gene responsible for biosynthesis of trehalose has been cloned and its expression has been characterized. this yeast is also found to secrete a large amount of amylases, acid protease and beta-glucosidase which have highly potential applications in fermentation industry. the genes encoding amylases, acid protease and beta-glucosidase in s. fibuligera have been cloned and characterized. it is also used to pr ... | 2009 | 19328842 |
| comparison of total tract digestibility, development of visceral organs and digestive tract of mong cai and yorkshire x landrace piglets fed diets with different fibre sources. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of piglet age and dietary fibre source on the development of visceral organs and the gastrointestinal tract (git), and on growth performance and total tract apparent digestibility (ttad) in local [pure-breed mong cai (mc)] and exotic [landrace x yorkshire (ly)] piglets. the experimental diets contained different fibre sources: c (basal diet), rb (basal diet + rice bran), spvm (basal diet + sweet potato vine meal) and crem (basal diet + cassava res ... | 2009 | 19320931 |
| repeated-batch fermentation using flocculent hybrid, saccharomyces cerevisiae chfy0321 for efficient production of bioethanol. | in this study, the repeated-batch fermentation of liquefied cassava medium using the flocculent hybrid saccharomyces cerevisiae chfy0321 was investigated for semicontinuous, high-throughput production of bioethanol. cassava medium was selected due to the industrial requirement for a cheap starchy substrate. fermentations were performed by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) with a set of ten batches successfully completing a series within the repeated fermentation process. in ad ... | 2009 | 19319524 |
| dose-dependent rnai-mediated geminivirus resistance in the tropical root crop cassava. | cassava mosaic disease is a major constraint for cassava production in africa, resulting in significant economic losses. we have engineered transgenic cassava with resistance to african cassava mosaic virus (acmv), by expressing acmv ac1-homologous hairpin double-strand rnas. transgenic cassava lines with high levels of ac1-homologous small rnas have acmv immunity with increasing viral load and different inoculation methods. we report a correlation between the expression of the ac1-homologous sm ... | 2009 | 19300911 |
| xiphidorus amazonensis n. sp. (nematoda: longidoridae) from the brazilian amazon basin. | xiphidorus amazonensis n. sp. was found in the rhizospheres of jatropha curcas, musa sp., anona muricata, cassia tora, panicum laxum, paspalum fasciculatum, aeschynomene sensitiva, saccharum officinarum, manihot esculenta, abelmoschus esculentus, tamarindus indica, mangifera indica, vigna unguiculata, zea mays, commelina sp., cyperus rotundus, fimbristylis miliacea, citrus sinensis, and eichhornia crassipes on the amazon river island of xiborena, approximately 40 km southeast of manaus, capital ... | 1985 | 19294098 |
| purification and characterization of camel (camelus dromedarius) milk amylase. | skimmed camel milk contains 59,900 u/l amylase, which is 39,363 times less than serum and plasma amylase. camel milk beta-amylase was purified as a 61 kda band using deae-sepharose and sephadex g-100 and yielded 561 u/mg. the optimum working ph, km and temperature were 7.0, 13.6 mg/lstarch, 30-40 degrees c, respectively. the enzyme has been shown higher affinity toward amylose and soluble starch than glycogen, amylopectin, dextrin, or pullulan. magnesium chloride, cacl(2) and nacl activated the ... | 2009 | 19291574 |
| plant-parasitic nematode problems in the pacific islands. | the pacific islands have a diverse range of food and cash crops with indigenous and introduced nematode problems. the staple food crops have serious nematode pests, such as meloidogyne spp. on sweet potato, hirschmanniella miticausa causing corm rot of taro, and pratylenchus coffeae and radopholus sp. producing tuber dry rot of yams. bananas are infested with p. coffeae or r. similis, citrus with tylenchulus semipenetrans, rice with aphelenchoides besseyi, and ginger with meloidogyne spp. and r. ... | 1988 | 19290200 |
| novel method for high-throughput colony pcr screening in nanoliter-reactors. | we introduce a technology for the rapid identification and sequencing of conserved dna elements employing a novel suspension array based on nanoliter (nl)-reactors made from alginate. the reactors have a volume of 35 nl and serve as reaction compartments during monoseptic growth of microbial library clones, colony lysis, thermocycling and screening for sequence motifs via semi-quantitative fluorescence analyses. nl-reactors were kept in suspension during all high-throughput steps which allowed p ... | 2009 | 19282448 |
| tapioca melanoma of the iris. | 2009 | 19278465 | |
| alpha-amylase production by streptomyces erumpens mtcc 7317 in solid state fermentation using response surface methodology (rsm). | production of alpha-amylase under solid state fermentation by streptomyces erumpens mtcc 7317 has been investigated using different agro-industrial residues, i.e. cassava bagasse, sugarcane bagasse and wheat bran; wheat bran was found to be the best substrate. among different nitrogen source supplemented to wheat bran, beef extract or peptone (1%) showed maximum enzyme production. response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effect of main process parameters as incubation period (48 h), ... | 2008 | 19275042 |
| effects of meloidogyne incognita on growth and storage-root formation of cassava (manihot esculenta). | two-node cuttings of cassava cultivar ss4 were inoculated with 1,000 infective juveniles of meloidogyne incognita at 1, 14, 40, 70, 88, and 127 days after planting (dap). plant growth and root damage were assessed at 150 dap. meloidogyne incognita significantly reduced the number of storageroots formed in plants inoculated at 14, 40, 70, and 88 dap and the total weight of storage-roots in plants inoculated at 1, 14, 40, 70, and 88 dap, compared to uninoculated plants. individual storage-root wei ... | 2000 | 19270997 |
| validation of high rates of nucleotide substitution in geminiviruses: phylogenetic evidence from east african cassava mosaic viruses. | whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses are major pathogens of the important crop cassava in africa. the intensive sampling and sequencing of cassava mosaic disease-causing viruses that occurred in the wake of a severe outbreak in central africa (1997-2002) allowed us to estimate the rate of evolution of this virus. east african cassava mosaic virus and related species are obligately bipartite (dna-a and dna-b segments), and these two genome segments have different evolutionary histories. despite the ... | 2009 | 19264617 |
| improving the performance of a continuous process for the production of ethanol from starch. | in a previous work, a continuous simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process to produce ethanol from cassava starch was studied, using a set of fixed-bed reactors. the biocatalyst consisted of glucoamylase immobilized in silica particles and co-immobilized with s. cerevisiae in pectin gel. using 3.8 u ml(-1) (reactor) and 0.05 g(wet yeast) ml(-1) (reactor) at start-up, starch hydrolysis was the rate-limiting step. maximum ethanol productivity was 5.8 g(ethanol) l(-1) h(-1), with 94.0% ... | 2009 | 19240991 |
| adaptability of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts to sourdoughs prepared from cereals, pseudocereals and cassava and use of competitive strains as starters. | the adaptability of lactic acid bacteria (lab) and yeasts to sourdoughs prepared from cereals, pseudocereals and cassava was investigated using pcr-dgge and bacteriological culture combined with rrna gene sequence analysis. sourdoughs were prepared either from flours of the cereals wheat, rye, oat, barley, rice, maize, and millet, or from the pseudocereals amaranth, quinoa, and buckwheat, or from cassava, using a starter consisting of various species of lab and yeasts. doughs were propagated unt ... | 2009 | 19239979 |
| influence of the carbon and nitrogen sources on keratinase production by myrothecium verrucaria in submerged and solid state cultures. | myrothecium verrucaria is a nondermatophytic filamentous fungus able to grow and to produce keratinase in submerged (93.0 +/- 19 u/ml) and solid state (98.8 +/- 7.9 u/ml) cultures in which poultry feather powder (pfp) is the only substrate. the purpose of the present work was to verify how different carbon and nitrogen sources can influence the production of keratinase by this fungus. addition of carbohydrates, such as glucose and sucrose, caused only slight improvements in keratinase production ... | 2009 | 19229574 |
| novel methods for storage stability and release of bacillus spores. | bacillus subtilis spores were immobilized in activated charcoal and tapioca and filled with acacia gum. these formulations were tested for spore stability during storage at temperatures ranging from 40 degrees c to 90 degrees c and for bacterial release. thermodynamic analysis showed that immobilization of spores in acacia gum significantly increased their viability compared with unprotected spores. the viability was further increased when suspensions of spores in acacia gum were added to granul ... | 2008 | 19194925 |
| genetically distinct strains of cassava brown streak virus in the lake victoria basin and the indian ocean coastal area of east africa. | six isolates of cassava brown streak virus (cbsv, genus ipomovirus; potyviridae) from the lake victoria basin in uganda and tanzania were characterized. virus particles were 650 nm long. the complete coat protein (cp)-encoding sequences (1,101 nucleotides, nt) were 90.7-99.5 and 93.7-99.5% identical at the nt and amino acid (aa) levels, respectively. the 3' untranslated region was 225, 226 or 227 nt long. these eight isolates were only 75.8-77.5% (nt) and 87.0-89.9% (aa) identical when compared ... | 2009 | 19184340 |
| cassava with enhanced beta-carotene maintains adequate vitamin a status in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) despite substantial cis-isomer content. | efforts to increase beta-carotene in cassava have been successful, but the ability of high-beta-carotene cassava to prevent vitamin a deficiency has not been determined. two studies investigated the bioefficacy of provitamin a in cassava and compared the effects of carotenoid content and variety on vitamin a status in vitamin a-depleted mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). gerbils were fed a vitamin a-free diet 4 weeks prior to treatment. in expt 1, treatments (ten gerbils per group) inclu ... | 2009 | 19138445 |
| infestation and population dynamics of insects on stored cassava and yams chips in benin, west africa. | natural insect infestation in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz subspecies esculenta) and yam (dioscorea spp.) chips was evaluated during two consecutive storage seasons (2003-2004 and 2004-2005) in two agroecological zones of benin (northern guinea savanna [ngs] and sudan savanna [ss]). the insects infesting chips were collected, identified, and counted, they included prostephanus truncatus (horn) (coleoptera: bostrychidae), cathartus quadricollis (guerin) (coleoptera: silvanidae), carpophilus ... | 2008 | 19133481 |
| cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) in the aetiology of kwashiorkor. | 1993 | 19094305 | |
| factors affecting hydrogen production from cassava wastewater by a co-culture of anaerobic sludge and rhodospirillum rubrum. | series of batch experiments were used to investigate the effects of environmental factors, i.e., total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations, initial ph, illumination pattern and stirring conditions on hydrogen production from cassava wastewater by a co-culture of anaerobic sludge and rhodospirillum rubrum. the maximum of the hydrogen yield of 150.46 and 340.19 ml g-cod(-1) was obtained at the total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations of 0.2 and 0.04 m, respectively. an effect of ... | 2007 | 19093464 |
| evaluation of a morphological marker selection and excision system to generate marker-free transgenic cassava plants. | the efficacy of the ipt-type multi-auto-transformation (mat) vector system to transform the extensively grown cassava cultivar "ku50" was evaluated. this system utilizes the isopentenyltransferase (ipt) gene as morphological marker for visual selection of transgenic lines. the extreme shooty phenotype (esp) of transgenic lines is lost due to the removal of ipt gene mediated by the yeast rint/rs system. as a result, phenotypically normal shoots, considered marker-free transgenic plants, could be ... | 2009 | 19093119 |
| protein extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis of ammonia-treated cassava leaves (manihot esculenta crantz). | in the present work, cassava leaves were treated with 0.5 kg ammonia/kg dry matter at 78 degrees c and 30% moisture content in a 2-kg reactor. protein extraction was carried out with a calcium hydroxide solution (ph 10) for 30 min at several temperatures (30 degrees c, 45 degrees c, 60 degrees c, 75 degrees c, and 90 degrees c) and solid/liquid ratios (1:10 and 1:15) in a thermostatized bath. soluble protein content of the extracts was determined by lowry's method. dry substrate concentrations o ... | 2009 | 19067247 |
| [infestation of pseudopiazurus papayanus (marshall) (coleoptera: curculionidae) on carica spp. and vasconcella spp. genotypes]. | the papaya borer weevil, pseudopiazurus papayanus (marshall), is generally considered a secondary pest, but it has been reported in high infestations in northeast brazil. this work aimed at evaluating the occurrence of p. papayanus and reporting its infestation level in papaya genotypes kept at the germplasm bank of embrapa cassava & tropical fruits (cruz das almas, bahia, brazil). the number of larvae, pupae and adults found in each plant of 65 carica spp. genotypes and of three vasconcella spp ... | 2008 | 19061052 |
| investigation of biosynthetic pathways to hydroxycoumarins during post-harvest physiological deterioration in cassava roots by using stable isotope labelling. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important starch-rich crop, but the storage roots only have a short shelf-life due to post-harvest physiological deterioration (ppd), which includes the over-production and polymerisation of hydroxycoumarins. key aspects of coumarin secondary-metabolite biosynthesis remain unresolved. here we exploit the accumulation of hydroxycoumarins to test alternative pathways for their biosynthesis. using isotopically labelled intermediates (p-coumarate-2-(13)c, caf ... | 2008 | 19035613 |
| chemical force mapping of phosphate and carbon on acid-modified tapioca starch surface. | surface chemical microstructure of hydrochloric acid hydrolyzed tapioca starch producing different amylose:amylopectin (am:ap) ratios were studied with scanning chemical force microscopy (cfm). the chemical force probes were functionalized of two types with -oh (phosphate specific) and -ch3 (carbon specific). lateral force trace-minus-retrace (tmr) images from -oh and -ch3 probes revealed changes in the phosphate domains and the carbon backbone for the varying acid hydrolyzed tapioca starch comp ... | 2009 | 19022283 |
| potential uses of local feed resources for ruminants. | energy and protein sources are of prime importance for ruminants as they stimulate microorganisms in the rumen and enhance the productive functions of the animals. cassava roots in the form of dry cassava chips or pellets as energy sources and dried cassava leaves and cassava hay as protein sources have been used successfully in ruminant rations. these uses of cassava could provide year-round feed which results in a high yield and good quality of milk and contribute to a more lucrative dairy and ... | 2009 | 19015946 |
| biosynthesis of scopoletin and scopolin in cassava roots during post-harvest physiological deterioration: the e-z-isomerisation stage. | two to three days after harvesting, cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) roots suffer from post-harvest physiological deterioration (ppd) when secondary metabolites are accumulated. amongst these are hydroxycoumarins (e.g. scopoletin and its glucoside scopolin) which play roles in plant defence and have pharmacological activities. some steps in the biosynthesis of these molecules are still unknown in cassava and in other plants. we exploit the accumulation of these coumarins during ppd to investig ... | 2008 | 19004461 |
| optimisation of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of agro-industrial waste streams in brazil. | the important brazilian agro-industry produces significant amounts of wastewater with high concentrations of biodegradable compounds. a lot can be gained if wastewater treatment would take place using anaerobic reactors instead of the anaerobic lagoons generally used now. apart from preventing methane emissions to the atmosphere this would permit the use of the biogas as a source of energy. to facilitate implementation of this technology also in small and intermediate sized companies a system re ... | 2008 | 19001722 |
| agroinfection of cloned sri lankan cassava mosaic virus dna to arabidopsis thaliana, nicotiana tabacum and cassava. | sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv) is a bipartite begomovirus infecting cassava in india and sri lanka. we have used agrobacterium-mediated inoculation (agroinoculation) of cloned slcmv dna to inoculate additional hosts, nicotiana tabacum and arabidopsis. although slcmv infection in these hosts caused stunting, leaf deformation and developmental abnormalities, accumulation levels of viral dna in the infected plants suggested that this virus was poorly adapted to them. in the natural host, c ... | 2008 | 18982246 |
| evolution of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) after recent introduction into a south pacific island system: the contribution of sex to the diversification of a clonally propagated crop. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a clonally propagated crop that was introduced into the south pacific archipelago of vanuatu in the 1850s. based on a survey conducted in 10 different villages throughout the archipelago, we present here a study of its diversity. farmers' knowledge about cultivation cycle and sexual reproduction of cassava was recorded during group interviews in each village. using a set of 11 ssr markers, we genotyped the 104 landraces collected and 60 supplementary accessi ... | 2008 | 18956024 |
| feed preference in pigs: effect of cereal sources at different inclusion rates. | the palatability of different cereals was studied in 2 two-way choice (preference) experiments using pigs of 56 d of age and 17 kg of bw. in exp. 1, the effect of 24 cereals vs. a common reference diet containing white rice on feed preference in pigs was studied. pigs were offered free choice between the reference diet and a diet with the cereal under study for 4 d. barley, corn (2 sources), wheat, cassava meal, biscuit meal, rye, sorghum, and 1 source of oats were tested at inclusion rates of 3 ... | 2009 | 18952740 |
| development of a new semiselective medium for isolating xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis from plant material and soil. | abstract an effective control for bacterial blight of cassava (manihot esculenta), caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis, requires the use of non-contaminated cuttings and seeds. using classical agar plating techniques for screening planting material for contamination has not been very successful because of the lack of a reliable semiselective agar medium. the pathogen grows slowly on general plating media and is easily overgrown by saprophytic bacteria during isolation from diseased pl ... | 1999 | 18944695 |
| measuring the genetic diversity of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis within different fields in colombia. | abstract cassava bacterial blight, caused by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis, is a widespread disease that affects cassava (manihot esculenta). we collected 238 x. axonopodis pv. manihotis strains by intensively sampling single fields in four edaphoclimatic zones (eczs) in colombia. dna polymorphism of different x. axonopodis pv. manihotis populations was assessed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analyses, repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-pcr), and ... | 2000 | 18944486 |
| identification of pathotypes of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis in africa and detection of quantitative trait loci and markers for resistance to bacterial blight of cassava. | abstract cassava suffers from bacterial blight attack in all growing regions. control by resistance is unstable due to high genotype-environment interactions. identifying genes for resistance to african strains of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis can support breeding efforts. five f(1) cassava genotypes deriving from the male parent 'cm2177-2' and the female parent 'tms30572' were used to produce 111 individuals by backcrossing to the female parent. in all, 16 genotypes among the mapping pop ... | 2004 | 18943797 |
| fusarium species from the cassava root rot complex in west africa. | abstract fusarium species are a significant component of the set of fungi associated with cassava root rot. yield losses due to root rot average 0.5 to 1 ton/ha but losses >3 ton/ha, an equivalent of 15 to 20% yield, often occur. this paper reviews previous work on cassava root rot and summarizes a few recent studies on fusarium species associated with the disease. our studies in cameroon showed that 30% of rotted tubers were infected by fusarium spp. 12 months after planting and represented 25% ... | 2006 | 18943189 |
| use of lactobacillus strains to start cassava fermentations for gari production. | two lactobacillus strains, lactobacillus plantarum bfe 6710 and lactobacillus fermentum bfe 6620, were used to start cassava fermentations in a pilot study under field production conditions in kenya, to determine their potential to establish themselves as predominant lactobacilli during the fermentation. predominant strains from three fermentations were isolated throughout the 48 h fermentation period. the use of these strains in high numbers clearly resulted in 1 to 2 log higher lactic acid bac ... | 2008 | 18834642 |
| biomanagement of sago-sludge using an earthworm, eudrilus eugeniae. | sago, the tapioca starch is manufactured by over 800 small-scale units located in the salem district, tamil nadu, india. during the processing of sago it generates huge quantities of biodegradable solid waste, as crushed tubers. in present study an attempt was made to convert these biodegradable solid sago tubers into value added compost using an exotic earthworm, eudrilus eugeniae. the experiments were carried out in a plastic tray at various concentrations of sago-sludge (50% 75% and 100%) for ... | 2008 | 18831362 |
| a single amino acid change in a geminiviral rep protein differentiates between triggering a plant defence response and initiating viral dna replication. | we have devised an in planta system for functional analysis of the replication-associated protein (rep) of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv). using this assay and pcr-based random mutagenesis, we have identified an acmv rep mutant that failed to trigger the hypersensitive response (hr), but had an enhanced ability to initiate dna replication. the mutant rep-green fluorescent protein (gfp) fusion protein was localized to the nucleus. sequence analysis showed that the mutated rep gene had three ... | 2008 | 18796734 |