Publications

mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in breast-fed children with rampant caries.	this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of selected components of the oral microflora in breast-fed children who developed rampant caries (resembling nursing caries) under hitherto unexplained circumstances. dental plaque and saliva samples were collected from breast-fed children, aged between 1 and 2.5 years, with and without rampant caries. mutans streptococci and lactobacilli were isolated from dental plaque of all children with rampant caries and from most caries-free children. none o ...	1992	1628292
latex agglutination test for detection of mutans streptococci in relation to dental caries in children.	a simple and rapid system based on a latex agglutination (la) reaction was devised for the detection of mutans streptococci in dental plaque. latex particles were sensitized with antibodies against whole cells of streptococcus mutans strains mt8148 (serotype c), mt703r (e) and omz175 (f) and strep. sobrinus strains b13 (d) and 6715 (g). these sensitized particles were agglutinated within a few minutes after addition of 1.0-10 ng serotype-specific antigen from the homologous organisms or the nitr ...	1992	1622345
the effects of sucralose, xylitol, and sorbitol on remineralization of caries lesions in rats.	the purpose of this study was to determine whether ingestion of sucralose, xylitol, sorbitol, or distilled water alone could enhance remineralization of early caries lesions in rats. rats were infected by streptococcus sobrinus, fed diet 2000 (ziegler brothers, gardners, pa) ad libitum for two weeks, and, in addition, were offered drinking water sweetened by sucrose (10% w/v). a group of rats terminated at this time displayed significant levels of sulcal and smooth-surface caries. the remaining ...	1992	1607434
effects of weight watchers' diet on salivary secretion rate, buffer effect and numbers of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli.	the aim of this investigation was to study how a change to the dietary regimen of the weight watchers' (ww) affected salivary secretion rate, buffer effect and number of cariogenic bacteria. thirty-three women joining the ww were saliva sampled at the evening prior the day of the start of the dietary regimen and after 4 and 8 wk on the dietary regimen. no significant changes were found regarding saliva secretion rate and buffer effect. a significant decrease of salivary numbers of mutans strepto ...	1992	1574682
adhesion of mutants streptococci to glass with and without a salivary coating as studied in a parallel-plate flow chamber.	deposition and adhesion to glass with and without a salivary coating in a parallel-plate flow chamber were studied with four strains of mutans streptococci. stationary-state adhesion of the strains to uncoated glass ranged from 0.3 x 10(6) cm-2 (streptococcus rattus hg218) to 12.7 x 10(6) cm-2 (streptococcus sobrinus hg1025) and generally decreased after saliva coating of the glass. the poor adhesion found for s. rattus hg218 to both uncoated and saliva-coated glass could be due to its relativel ...	1992	1573082
purification and properties of extracellular mutacin, a bacteriocin from streptococcus sobrinus.	mutacin mt6223, a cell-free bacteriocin produced by streptococcus sobrinus mt6223, was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, chromatofocusing with pbe 94 and column chromatography on sp sephadex c-25. the specific activity of the purified mutacin was increased 1950-fold with a recovery of 9.7%. the molecular mass of the purified mutacin preparation was estimated to be 6.5 kda. the mutacin activity was stable from ph 2-7, and was resistant to treatment at 100 degrees c for 20 min. it was i ...	1992	1564438
synergistic degradation of bovine serum albumin by mutans streptococci and other dental plaque bacteria.	mutans streptococci (streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus) exhibited low levels of proteolytic activity against the model protein substrate, fitc-labelled bovine serum albumin, when incubated alone. inclusion of other members of the dental plaque microflora in the assay usually resulted in marked increases in the degree of proteolysis and a high level of synergy. interactions between mutans streptococci and either streptococcus oralis or fusobacterium nucleatum gave rise to the greate ...	1992	1555762
on the mechanism of xylitol-dependent inhibition of glycolysis in streptococcus sobrinus omz 176.	1. the mechanism of xylitol-dependent inhibition of glycolysis in streptococcus sobrinus omz 176 was investigated in aerobically and anaerobically grown cells. 2. glucose-stimulated glycolysis was followed polarographically, by radio-hplc-analyses of glycolytic intermediates, by measurement of atp generated, and spectrophotometric monitoring of extent of nad(p)+/nadph-status. 3. xylitol added to suspensions of s. sobrinus inhibited o2 uptake by approximately 20%, and led to a corresponding decre ...	1992	1551465
noncariogenicity of maltitol in specific pathogen-free rats infected with mutans streptococci.	the effect of maltitol on caries development was examined in an experimental caries system employing specific pathogen-free (spf) sprague-dawley rats. fourteen strains of oral streptococci, including mutans streptococci, did not utilize the maltitol nor produce sufficient acid to demineralize tooth enamel. furthermore, maltitol did not serve as a substrate for glucosyltransferases of either streptococcus mutans mt8148r or streptococcus sobrinus 6715 to synthesize water-insoluble glucan. maltitol ...	1992	1533175
molecular analysis of a streptococcus mutans strain exhibiting polymorphism in the tandem gtfb and gtfc genes.	streptococcus mutans ua101, which was previously demonstrated to be highly cariogenic in gnotobiotic rats, exhibited much lower water-insoluble glucan (ig) synthetic activity compared with that of s. mutans gs5 and was unable to express sucrose-dependent colonization of smooth surfaces in vitro. on the basis of southern and western blot (immunoblot) analyses, it was demonstrated that, unlike most s. mutans strains, strain ua101 contained a single copy of a gene coding for ig synthesis. the gene ...	1992	1532167
natural transmission of streptococcus sobrinus in rats: saliva and serum antibody responses to colonization.	one hundred and twenty weanling rats fed diet nih 2000 that were free of streptococcus sobrinus and other mutans streptococci were employed in this study. sixty rats were inoculated orally with s. sobrinus 6715. each infected rat (donor) was paired and housed with an uninfected recipient. saliva and serum samples were collected from 24 (12 donor and 12 recipient) rats at the baseline (day 0) and from groups of 12 recipients sacrificed on days 10, 24, 38, and 52, and the level of infection with s ...	1992	1531814
sodium hypochlorite disinfection of irreversible hydrocolloid impression material.	alginate impression material is one of the most frequently used in dentistry. however, this material is susceptible to dimensional distortion during disinfection because of its hydrophilic nature. this study examined the effects of alginate disinfection using a sodium hypochlorite spray or impression immersion. spray disinfection of an alginate impression did not cause dimensional differences of the poured stone casts when compared with casts from water-rinsed controls. immersion disinfection cr ...	1992	1527745
effects of tung oil on salivary viscosity and extent and incidence of dental caries in rats.	increased salivary viscosity may be associated with an increase in dental caries. in order to examine this relationship, the caries level in rats was monitored following gastric intubation with tung oil which has been shown to significantly increase salivary viscosity. tung oil intubation over an 8-week period significantly increased the salivary viscosity in rats as compared with deoinized water and corn oil intubation. the total number of carious lesions was significantly increased (p less tha ...	1992	1521305
odontoblast-mediated regulation of the progression of dentinal caries.	osteoblasts and odontoblasts are both derived from the same mesenchymal cell line. our aim was to investigate whether the processes of bone destruction and dentinal caries are biologically similar. the working hypothesis was that after the initiation of caries in the enamel, its rate of progression in the dentine is regulated by cell-mediated factors. experimental caries was induced in the rat with a high sucrose diet combined with streptococcus sobrinus infection. both destruction of dentine an ...	1992	1508887
genetic analysis of scra and scrb from streptococcus sobrinus 6715.	a dna fragment containing scra and scrb, which encode enzyme ii of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sucrose phosphotransferase system and sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase, respectively, was isolated from a lambda gt10 genomic dna library of streptococcus sobrinus 6715. both genes were located on a 4.2-kb dna fragment which was maintained stably in escherchia coli on low-copy-number vector pgb2. the recombinant e. coli clone expressed sucrose-hydrolytic activity on macconkey agar base supplemented ...	1992	1500184
dye-mediated bactericidal effect of he-ne laser irradiation on oral microorganisms.	little attention has been given to the bactericidal effect of laser irradiation, particularly using low-power energy lasers. it has been demonstrated that he-ne laser light has an inhibitory action on dental plaque. the purpose of this study was to investigate the bactericidal effect of he-ne laser irradiation on cariogenic microorganisms. the bactericidal effect was determined by the formation of a growth-inhibitory zone or by the counting of viable bacterial colonies. streptococcus sobrinus ah ...	1992	1495373
reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase involvement in defense against oxygen toxicity of streptococcus mutans.	the growth inhibition of the streptococcus mutans group, including streptococcus mutans, streptococcus cricetus, streptococcus rattus and streptococcus sobrinus, on glucose by oxygen and the properties of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nadh) oxidase induced by oxygen, using a representative oxygen-tolerant strain, were examined. the growth response to oxygen varied among strains and correlated with the level of nadh oxidase activity in the cell extract. the induced synthesis of nadh ...	1992	1494456
mutans streptococci, lactobacilli and caries prevalence in 15 to 16-year olds in göteborg. part ii.	during the fall of 1987 one hundred and fifty-five 15 to 16-year-olds were examined with regard to caries prevalence, saliva secretion rate and salivary numbers of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli. in 15% of the subjects no mutans streptococci were detected, while 17.7% carried > 10(6) colony forming units (cfu) per ml saliva. the median value was 1.8 x 10(5) cfu per ml saliva. no lactobacilli were detected in 19% of the subjects and 14.3% had > 10(5) cfu per ml saliva. the mean caries preva ...	1992	1481133
the effect of phenytoin medication on dentin apposition, root length, and caries progression in rat molars.	to determine the effect of phenytoin (pht) on dentin apposition and the rate of caries progression in dentin, 40 wistar rats were treated daily for 35 days with intraperitoneal injections of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin. twenty-eight controls received saline with ph adjusted to that of pht. one pht and one control group were fed a 43% sucrose diet, and the others a non-cariogenic pellet diet. streptococcus sobrinus was inoculated to induce caries. schiff staining was used to determine caries. the areas ...	1992	1476051
the effect of ovariectomy on dentin formation and caries in adult rats.	since acute osteoporosis is known to enhance bone remodeling and osteoid formation, it may also affect dentin apposition. we induced osteoporosis in 15-week-old wistar rats by ovariectomy and dental caries by streptococcus sobrinus infection in the presence of either a high sucrose (cariogenic) diet or a non-cariogenic diet. intact animals with the same diets served as controls. after 99 days of cariogenic challenge the rats were killed, and the success of ovariectomy was confirmed by failure to ...	1992	1476050
evaluation of the cariogenic potential of the intense natural sweeteners stevioside and rebaudioside a.	stevioside and rebaudioside a, two intense natural sweeteners, that are constituents of the south american plant stevia rebaudiana, were tested for cariogenicity in albino sprague-dawley rats. sixty rat pups colonized with streptococcus sobrinus were divided into four groups and fed stevioside, rebaudioside a or sucrose added to basal diet 2000 as follows: group 1, 30% sucrose; group 2, 0.5% stevioside; group 3, 0.5% rebaudioside a, and group 4, no addition. all four groups were sacrificed after ...	1992	1468101
noncariogenicity of erythritol as a substrate.	erythritol is a sugar alcohol produced by aureobasidium sp. from glucose. it is 75-80% as sweet as sucrose and is also nonhygroscopic. the aim of this study was to evaluate this sugar substitute from a cariological point of view. erythritol was neither utilized as a substrate for the lactic acid production nor for plaque formation of mutans streptococci (serotypes a-h) and certain oral microorganisms. it was not utilized for water-insoluble glucan synthesis or cellular adherence by glucosyltrans ...	1992	1468100
effects of food preservatives on growth and metabolism of plaque bacteria in vitro and in vivo.	the aims of the present study were to assess the consumption of food preservatives during the last decades, and to study the effect of the preservatives, sorbic and benzoic acid, on growth and glycolysis of oral bacteria in vitro, and on acid formation by dental plaque in vivo. five consumption reports from the central bureau of statistics of norway were used to estimate alterations in consumption of staple food containing the two preservatives. a modified broth dilution method was used to deter ...	1992	1465573
an 87-kilodalton glucan-binding protein of streptococcus sobrinus b13.	an 87-kda glucan-binding protein (gbp) of streptococcus sobrinus b13 (serotype d) was isolated and purified from extracellular culture supernatant by using affinity chromatography on sephadex g-50 and elution with a guanidine hcl gradient. western blot (immunoblot) analysis showed it to be antigenically related, but not completely identical, to the 74-kda gbp of streptococcus mutans ingbritt. the 87-kda gbp has no glucosyltransferase activity. a possible role for this gbp in the cariogenicity of ...	1992	1452362
effect of gels containing stannous fluoride on oral bacteria--an in vitro study.	the purposes of this investigation were to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial effect of (1) twelve 0.4 per cent stannous fluoride (snf2) commercial products and (2) different concentrations of snf2 (range = 0.02 to 3.28 per cent). the antibacterial inhibitory effect of various snf2 gels was evaluated as to their effectiveness against oral plaque bacteria including strains of s. mutans, s. sanguis, s. sobrinus, a. viscosus, a. actinomycetemcomitans, and b. intermedius. when twelve different c ...	1992	1444958
effects of chlorhexidine-fluoride gel treatments in mothers on the establishment of mutans streptococci in primary teeth and the development of dental caries in children.	in a longitudinal 3-year study, 151 children were followed for the colonization of the primary dentition by mutans streptococci (ms) and for the development of dental caries. at the age of 1 year, the child-mother pairs were divided into three groups on the basis of the levels of ms in maternal saliva. in the experimental group, the mothers had ms levels higher than 10(5) cfu/ml, and they were given chlorhexidine (1%)-sodium fluoride (0.2%) gel treatments twice a year for 3 years. two control gr ...	1992	1423442
mechanism of water-insoluble glucan synthesis in streptococcus sobrinus.	synthesis of water-insoluble glucan (ig) by 1,3-alpha-d-glucan synthase from streptococcus sobrinus was examined using methylation analysis. the purified enzyme was incubated with sucrose and dextran t2000 (dt2000) for a given time and only ig was harvested by centrifugation. the remaining supernatant was incubated again, and ig was obtained. by repeating the above method using the residual supernatant, we obtained 5 varieties of ig precipitated in different periods. these igs were methylated an ...	1992	1408351
mode of photocatalytic bactericidal action of powdered semiconductor tio2 on mutans streptococci.	powdered semiconductor tio2 has a photocatalytic bactericidal capacity on some kinds of bacteria, but its mechanism still remains unclear. the mode of its photocatalytic bactericidal action on the mutans group of streptococci was investigated. powdered tio2 had a bactericidal capacity on all serotypes of mutans streptococci. streptococcus sobrinus aht was mainly used for these experiments. the most effective concentration of tio2 was about 1 mg ml-1 and, at this concentration, 10(5) colony-formi ...	1992	1403378
antimicrobial effect of a dental varnish, in vitro.	the effects of a polymer based antimicrobial releasing varnish cervitec were investigated against different gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains as well as a yeast using the agar diffusion inhibitory test (adt-test in vitro). as positive controls a 1% chlorhexidine gel and 1% aqueous solution of thymol and a placebo polymer varnish without active agents were employed. the test experimental varnish containing 1% chlorhexidine and 1% thymol showed antimicrobial activity against all gr ...	1992	1336221
viability of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus in whole saliva with varying concentrations of indigenous antimicrobial agents.	we have studied the possible relationship between indigenous salivary antimicrobial agents, indigenous mutans streptococci and the capability of added mutans streptococci to grow in saliva. stimulated whole saliva was collected from 19 healthy donors. saliva samples were sterilized, supplemented with glucose and inoculated with streptococcus mutans or streptococcus sobrinus. the mixtures were incubated for 20 h followed by counting of viable cells. saliva samples were analysed, both before and a ...	1992	1334804
[detection of dna g+c mol% in taxonomy of streptococcus mutans by means of high performance liquid chromatography].	in the present study, dna g+c mol% of 9 strains of bacteria (including 7 international standard strain, ingbritt, and 2 other strains extracted in our lab) were detected with application of high performance liquid chromatograph. the results showed that dna g+c content of s. mutans was 35-40%, s. sobrinus was 45-46%, s. cricetus was 38%, and s. rattus was 41%. the difference between s sobrinus and s. mutans was higher than 5%, which suggested that s. sobrinus should be identified as an independen ...	1992	1307950
effects of phenytoin on dental caries and plaque in streptococcus sobrinus-infected rats.	effects of phenytoin (pht) administration on dental caries in rats infected with streptococcus sobrinus 6715 were investigated. twenty-day-old specific pathogen-free fischer male rats were infected with s. sobrinus 6715 and fed diet 2000 containing 56% sucrose with or without pht for 52 days. antibody responses against anti-s. sobrinus in serum and saliva failed to show a statistical difference between pht-treated and nontreated rats. these results indicate that pht treatment increased plaque de ...	1992	1303536
immunoglobulin a antibody activity to mutans streptococci in parotid, submandibular and whole saliva.	antigen extracts of 9 strains of streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sobrinus, streptococcus salivarius and streptococcus mitis were separated in acrylamide gels by electrophoresis. strains of the same genotype of mutans streptococci were found to have virtually identical sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis patterns but differed clearly from other genotypes of mutans or with the reference strains s. salivarius and s. mitis. immunoglobulin a (iga) antibody activity to antige ...	1992	1299799