Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| in-vitro activity of fce 22101 and synergy studies with other antimicrobial agents. | fce 22101 is a penem antibiotic with broad in-vitro activity similar to that of imipenem, although less active against pseudomonas aeruginosa. combinations of fce 22101 with ciprofloxacin or gentamicin against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant staph. epidermidis resulted in addition or indifference by the chequerboard method. the combination of fce 22101 and gentamicin against streptococcus faecalis was usually additive. against enterobacter cloacae fce 22101 ... | 1989 | 2786520 |
| induction potency of various beta-lactam derivatives in gram-negative rods. | the induction potency of various beta-lactams as well as that of 'nonspecific' inducers such as the media employed or body fluids were studied in gram-negative clinical isolates and in their resistant corresponding counterparts. in all wild-type isolates quite a few beta-lactams (mainly cefoxitin and imipenem) shared the ability to induce the chromosomal beta-lactamase, whereas all beta-lactams - including 6-aps and 7-cps clavulanic acid, and sulbactam (both beta-lactamase inhibitors), exhibited ... | 1989 | 2785904 |
| blockage of urinary catheters: role of microorganisms and constituents of the urine on formation of encrustations. | long-term indwelling urinary catheters may become blocked in some patients by formation of encrustations made up of aggregated struvite crystals while other patients rarely develop blocked catheters. we have designated these groups as "blockers", "intermediates" or "non-blockers". to further understand this phenomenon we followed 32 catheterized elderly women in a nursing home. catheters were changed six times at 2 week intervals. patients tended to remain as "blockers", "intermediates" or "non- ... | 1989 | 2778465 |
| antibiotic sensitivity of enterobacteriaceae by disc diffusion and rapid fermentation sensitivity test methods. | a total of 400 strains of gram negative bacilli were examined both by conventional disc diffusion (dd) and by rapid fermentation sensitivity test (rfst) methods. various strains which were examined included esch. coli kleb. aerogenes, kleb. pneumoniae, prot. vulgaris, prot. mirabilis, prot. morgani, prot. rittgeri and providencia. the antibiotics used were streptomycin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, gentamycin and ampicillin. the correlation between the two methods was found to vary from 75 to 98 ... | 1989 | 2777349 |
| comparative in vitro susceptibilities of 504 bacteremic isolates to ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid and other antimicrobial agents. | a total of 504 clinical bacteremic isolates were tested for susceptibility to ticarcillin-clavulanic acid and 12 other antibiotics. ticarcillin-clavulanic acid showed superior antibacterial activity compared to penicillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin, ticarcillin, gentamicin, and amikacin against bacteremic isolates of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis. however, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid's activity was inferior to that of vancomycin against methicillin- ... | 1989 | 2752713 |
| in-vitro interactions of fce 22101 with aminoglycosides against gram-negative rods. | agar dilution mics of fce 22101 were measured for 894 consecutively-isolated gram-negative rods from clinical specimens (413 escherichia coli, 104 klebsiella spp., 54 enterobacter spp., 19 citrobacter spp., 131 proteus spp., 43 acinetobacter spp., 9 serratia spp., 3 providencia spp., 4 yersinia spp., 3 hafnia spp. and 111 pseudomonas spp.). excluding pseudomonas spp., 98% of these isolates were susceptible to 8 mg/l fce 22101. resistance (mic greater than 8 mg/l) varied from 11% in serratia spp. ... | 1989 | 2732132 |
| aminoglycoside resistance patterns in clinical isolates of e. coli and klebsiella sp. from czechoslovakia and the united states. | resistance of gram-negative bacilli to aminoglycoside antibiotics differs by region and country. previous studies have demonstrated predominance of the nucleotidyltransferase anl(2") as the mechanism of enzymatic resistance to gentamicin in the united states and many european countries (federal republic of germany, switzerland, greece, turkey) whereas the acetylating enzymes aac(6') and aac(3) were the principal causes of resistance to aminoglycosides in japan and chile. in the present compariso ... | 1989 | 2696761 |
| the role of proteae in diarrhea. | a survey was undertaken on the occurrence of protease in the human fecal flora and its coincidence with other well-documented enteropathogens such as campylobacter, salmonella, shigella, staphylococcus aureus, yersinia, protozoa and rotavirus. a total of 2000 fecal specimens was investigated, 1000 from patients suffering from diarrhea and 1000 from healthy persons which served as controls. proteus mirabilis was isolated more frequently from diarrhea cases than from healthy people. the difference ... | 1989 | 2692584 |
| a comparative evaluation of oral ofloxacin versus intravenous cefotaxime therapy for serious skin and skin structure infections. | in a single-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial, 100 successive patients were enrolled with serious skin and soft-tissue infections, whose illnesses had precipitated an initial hospital admission or an extension of inpatient care. there were 93 evaluable patients who received either ofloxacin, 400 mg orally every 12 hours plus an intravenously administered placebo every eight hours, or cefotaxime, 2.0 g intravenously every eight hours plus an orally administered placebo every 12 hours. th ... | 1989 | 2690621 |
| randomized, double-blind comparative study of intravenous ciprofloxacin versus ceftazidime in the treatment of serious infections. | we compared intravenously administered ciprofloxacin with ceftazidime in a randomized, double-blind study. patients received ciprofloxacin 200 mg intravenously every 12 hours or ceftazidime 2 g intravenously every eight hours, with placebo infusions to maintain blinding. therapy with metronidazole was added for suspected or documented intra-abdominal infection. thirty-two of the 57 ciprofloxacin-treated patients were evaluable for determination of efficacy and had 41 bacterial isolates from 34 s ... | 1989 | 2686416 |
| in-vitro activity of meropenem against clinical isolates in a multicentre study in italy. | a multicentre in-vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolated in different italian hospitals to meropenem. a total of 1399 aerobic and 452 anaerobic strains was analysed. comparative agents were imipenem, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, piperacillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, plus vancomycin when appropriate. the mic ranges (mg/l) of meropenem were: 0.015-2 for klebsiella spp., proteus spp., morganella morganii and providencia spp.; l ... | 1989 | 2681128 |
| proteeae species bacteriuria accompanying proteeae species groin skin carriage in geriatric outpatients. | there have been numerous reports of proteeae species urinary tract infections among elderly individuals. to explore a possible urinary carrier source of proteeae species in this population, the frequency of aerobic gram-negative bacillus (agnb) bacteriuria at the greater than or equal to 10(2)/ml level was determined in 67 ambulatory elderly outpatients classified as to proteeae group (morganella, proteus, providencia) groin carriage by a set of two skin cultures obtained at least 1 week apart. ... | 1989 | 2674195 |
| [evaluation of a new semi-automatic method of identifying enterobacteriaceae, m.i.s.-enterobacteriaceae]. | m.i.s.-enterobacteriaceae is a new kit for identifying enterobacteriaceae using a microplate consisting of 21 biochemical characters with automated reading and interpretation. the validity of this method was studied by the identification of 350 strains of enterobacteria belonging to 44 species and comparison with the classical method of identification in test-tubes. results showed a diagnosis accuracy of 96 p. cent at the species level and 97.7 p. cent at the genus level. diagnosis accuracy reac ... | 1989 | 2665580 |
| interaction of the bisbiguanides chlorhexidine and alexidine with phospholipid vesicles: evidence for separate modes of action. | strains of providencia stuartii with demonstrated resistance towards chlorhexidine did not show such resistance towards either of the related biguanide antiseptics, alexidine or vantocil. alexidine promoted a significantly faster alteration in the permeability of escherichia coli cell membranes towards various metal cations than chlorhexidine. differential thermal analysis of various mixed lipid vesicles and pure phospholipid vesicles showed alexidine to share with vantocil the property of produ ... | 1989 | 2663802 |
| comparison of the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of cefepime (bmy-28142) with ceftazidime, cefuzonam, cefotaxime and cefmenoxime. | cefepime (bmy-28142), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, was evaluated for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities in comparison with ceftazidime, cefuzonam, cefotaxime and cefmenoxime. cefepime showed a well-balanced, broad spectrum of activity against a number of clinical isolates collected in japan. the activity of cefepime against gram-positive bacteria was several times greater than that of ceftazidime, nearly comparable to cefotaxime and cefmenoxime, and slightly weaker than cefuzona ... | 1989 | 2663406 |
| aztreonam in the treatment of urinary tract infections: a multicenter trial. | a multicenter trial involving several urologic units in italy provided pooled data on 1,427 patients with urinary tract infections to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aztreonam, a new monobactam antibiotic. microbiologic and clinical data were collected methodically in all cases. a majority of the patients (79.9%) were hospitalized during the study period, an associated pathology was noted in 29.1%, and 16.7% were receiving additional therapy. aztreonam was administered by different routes an ... | 1989 | 2659294 |
| [the rapid identification of escherichia coli using bactident e. coli]. | 165 (93.7%) of 175 e. coli strains isolated from various materials of different animal species were correctly identified as e. coli with help of commercially available bactident e. coli (e. merck, d-6100 darmstadt). further 52 strains of the family of enterobacteriaceae (2x providencia sp., 2x salmonella sp., 7 citrobacter sp., 9 proteus sp., 15 klebsiella sp., 17 enterobacter sp.) were correctly not identified as e. coli by this test. bactident e. coli is a suitable test for rapid identificatio ... | 1989 | 2647078 |
| rapid identification of salmonella from poultry meat products by using 'mucap test'. | a study was made in order to improve a new salmonella identification test (mucap test) in which umbelliferone is released, giving a blue fluorescent light under a wood lamp, after contact with salmonella colonies. the study concerned 354 colonies, previously isolated from 55 poultry meat samples. two enrichment media [tetrathionate bile broth (tbb) and rappaport vassiliadis (rv)] and two isolation media [brilliant green agar (bga) and desoxycholate agar (da)] were used, and the results of the te ... | 1989 | 2641489 |
| [bacteriologic study of abscesses caused by bites of snakes of the genus bothrops]. | the bacterial flora of 99 cases of abscesses following bothrops snakebite were analysed. they corresponded to 61.1% of all snakebite abscesses observed in 1030 patients attending the hospital de doenças tropicais de goiánia in goiás, brazil, from january 1984 to april 1988. an exsudate sample of each abscess was examined by gram stain, culture and susceptibility tests. the gram negative bacillis, morganella morganii, escherichia coli and providencia sp were the most frequent bacterias isolated. ... | 1989 | 2640511 |
| [determination of the mic of cefotetan against freshly isolated gram-negative bacilli]. | antimicrobial activities (mics) of cefotetan (ctt) against 575 strains of 16 spp. of gram-negative bacilli isolated in 1988 were determined to investigate distribution of mics in comparison with those of cefmetazole (cmz), cefoxitin (cfx), latamoxef (lmox) and cefazolin (cez). the change in frequencies of incidence of cephem-resistant strains in the latter half of the 1980 was also investigated. distribution of mic of ctt varied with test strains. no or very few mics were at or higher than 12.5 ... | 1989 | 2621779 |
| mechanisms of gentamicin resistance in gram-negative bacilli in riyadh, kingdom of saudi arabia. | a survey was undertaken of the prevalence and mechanisms of gentamicin resistance in gram-negative bacilli in riyadh. gentamicin resistance, as assessed by the stokes method, occurred in less than 2% of isolates of escherichia coli, about 10-25% of most other enterobacteria, about 40% of acinetobacter spp. and about 25% of pseudomonas aeruginosa. this finding of relatively low rates of gentamicin in enterobacteriaceae was surprising in view of the unregulated use of antibiotics until recent year ... | 1989 | 2599993 |
| comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fk482, a new oral cephalosporin. | fk482 is an oral aminothiazolyl hydroxyimino cephalosporin with a c-3 vinyl group. its activity was compared with those of cephalexin, cefuroxime, cefixime, and amoxicillin-clavulanate. fk482 inhibited 90% of staphylococcus aureus isolates at 1 micrograms/ml and 90% of streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae, and streptococcus pneumoniae isolates at less than or equal to 0.012 micrograms/ml, superior to cephalexin and cefuroxime and similar to cefixime. it did not inhibit oxacillin-resi ... | 1989 | 2589845 |
| numerical analysis of electrophoretic protein patterns of providencia rettgeri strains from human faeces, urine and other specimens. | thirty-one strains of providencia rettgeri (mainly from humans) were characterized by one-dimensional sds-page of cellular proteins. the strains came from various countries and comprised 14 from urine, eight from faeces, two from bile (plus one from the liver of a sheep), two from sputum, one from an insect pupa and three the sources of which were unknown. also included, for reference purposes, were the type strains of the four other providencia species. the protein patterns, which contained 45- ... | 1989 | 2584173 |
| usefulness of trehalose fermentation and l-glutamic acid decarboxylation for identification of biochemically aberrant providencia stuartii strains. | a total of 849 providencia isolates were collected during a 4-year period when an increased incidence of nosocomial providencia stuartii infection was noted in urologic wards. of these isolates, 630 were identified as p. stuartii, 206 were identified as providencia rettgeri, and 1 was identified as providencia alcalifaciens. twelve inositol-positive isolates from 10 patients (10 strains) resembled p. stuartii in fermenting trehalose but resembled p. rettgeri in fermenting d-arabitol or meso-eryt ... | 1989 | 2570791 |
| type 3 fimbriae among enterobacteria and the ability of spermidine to inhibit mr/k hemagglutination. | the distribution of the gene cluster encoding type 3 fimbriae among various isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae was investigated by using 112 clinical and nonclinical isolates. closely related dna sequences were detected in all klebsiella strains, in most enterobacter isolates, in a smaller number of escherichia coli and salmonella spp., and in a single isolate each of yersinia enterocolitica and serratia liquefaciens but not in isolates of morganella or providencia species or serratia mar ... | 1989 | 2562835 |
| studies to optimize the in vitro testing of piperacillin combined with tazobactam (ytr 830). | the combination of piperacillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam (formerly ytr 830) was studied to determine optimal disk concentrations and dilution testing conditions. in addition, the potency of the combination was compared to that of piperacillin alone. the spectrum of piperacillin was greatly expanded by the addition to tazobactam principally against beta-lactamase producing strains of haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli, morganella morganii, proteus vulgaris, providencia st ... | 1989 | 2560422 |
| comparative in vitro activities of piperacillin-tazobactam and ticarcillin-clavulanate. | the in vitro activities of ticarcillin, piperacillin, clavulanic acid, tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and piperacillin-tazobactam against 819 bacterial isolates were compared. the two beta-lactamase inhibitors, clavulanic acid and tazobactam, had little useful antibacterial activity but enhanced the activities of the penicillins against beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus; all strains were su ... | 1989 | 2552904 |
| in vitro and in vivo efficacy of ytr-830h and piperacillin combinations versus beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. | ytr-830h, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, is a non-amino penicillanic sulfone. in vitro synergistic activity with piperacillin was determined for 226 beta-lactamase producing clinical cultures. combination of piperacillin: ytr in ratios of 2:1, 4:1, and 8:1 were highly effective vs escherichia coli, proteus, providencia, morganella, staphylococcus, and bacteroides. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of piperacillin were reduced from the resistant to susceptible range. the higher ratios were le ... | 1989 | 2552030 |
| modification of norfloxacin inhibition of dna gyrase induced by a 28 kdal dna binding protein. | we have previously studied a clinical isolate of providencia stuartii which showed high levels of resistance to 4-quinolones, aminoglycoside and beta-lactam antibiotics (landini et al., 1987). dna gyrase from this isolate was inhibited for 50% of activity at a concentration of 15 microm of norfloxacin, which is about 5-fold higher compared to the 50% inhibitory concentration for a standard dna gyrase. it has been described that 4-quinolone inhibition of dna gyrase is caused by their binding to d ... | 1989 | 2550742 |
| in-vitro activity of meropenem imipenem, the penem hre 664 and ceftazidine against clinical isolates from west germany. | the antibacterial activity in vitro of meropenem was compared with another carbapenem, imipenem, the penem hre 664, and ceftazidime. mics were not influenced by ph nor by inoculum size below 5 x 10(5) cfu/ml: higher inocula caused a modest increase in mic. cation supplementation of mueller-hinton broth was without effect. meropenem was more active than imipenem and the other comparative agents against the majority of gram-negative species (in particular proteus, providencia, morganella, haemophi ... | 1989 | 2509418 |
| the postantibiotic effect of meropenem and imipenem on selected bacteria. | controlled experiments were conducted to determine the in-vitro postantibiotic effect (pae) of meropenem and imipenem on ten selected bacteria representative of medically important species: staphylococcus aureus (2). pseudomonas aeruginosa (4), escherichia coli (1), serratia marcescens (1), morganella morganii (1), and providencia stuartii (1). the pae was determined by comparing serial colony counts of cultures recovering from exposure to drug concentrations at 4 x mic for 1.5 h with the counts ... | 1989 | 2509416 |
| [in vitro antibacterial activity of a new fluoroquinolone, fleroxacin as a function of the sensitivity or resistance to nalidixic acid and to pefloxacin]. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of fleroxacin (fle) were evaluated by agar dilution for 375 bacterial strains. for enterobacteriaceae, mic of fle were (microgram/ml): nalidixic acid (nal), susceptible (s), pefloxacin (pef), susceptible (s) strains: 0.032 to 0.5; nal, resistant (r), pef s: 0.25 to 1; nal r, pef r: 1 to 32; nal r, pef r strains were particularly observed among serratia marcescens and providencia stuartii, pseudomonas aeruginosa was less susceptible to fle (mic 1 to 4), as ... | 1989 | 2506511 |
| dactimicin, a new aminoglycoside: in vitro activity, post-antibiotic effect and interaction with other antibiotics. | the in vitro activity of the new aminoglycoside dactimicin in comparison to amikacin was tested alone and in combination with piperacillin, mezlocillin and ceftazidime against freshly isolated clinical pathogens. dactimicin was more active than amikacin against enterobacter cloacae, providencia rettgeri and salmonella spp., and less active than amikacin against escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter anitratus. using the checkerboard technique, the combination of either dactim ... | 1989 | 2506028 |
| purple urine bags. | purple urine drainage bags were found in 7 of 71 chronically catheterized elderly women. the purple staining of the bags is due to a violet discoloration (indirubin) of the plastic of the catheter bag and fine blue crystals of indigo in the urine. the colors are formed from the substrate indoxyl sulfate (indican) and all 7 patients had bacteria in the urine that would produce blue colonies on agar enriched with the urine (filter sterilized) of the patients involved. organisms identified were pro ... | 1989 | 2504940 |
| in vitro antibacterial properties of cefetamet and in vivo activity of its orally absorbable ester derivative, cefetamet pivoxil. | the in vitro activity of cefetamet, the microbiologically active metabolite of the orally administered prodrug cefetamet pivoxil, was compared with that of cephalexin, cefaclor, cefuroxime and amoxicillin. cefetamet was highly active against enterobacteriaceae, neisseria spp., vibrio spp., haemophilus influenzae and streptococci other than enterococci. cefetamet inhibited cefaclor-resistant species such as proteus vulgaris, providencia stuartii, providencia rettgeri and serratia marcescens. stap ... | 1989 | 2504597 |
| providencia alcalifaciens and travellers' diarrhoea. | 1989 | 2504344 | |
| [the rapid identification of e. coli by the detection of 3 enzymes]. | 232 isolates of gram-negative, oxidase-negative bacteria, isolated from various samples of different animal species, were tested with help of rapidec coli for the production of beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase and indole. the test correctly identified 164 of 175 e. coli strains (sensitivity 93.7%) and correctly indicated that 57 of 57 isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae (7 citrobacter sp., 18 enterobacter sp., 16 klebsiella sp., 10 proteus sp., 2 providencia sp. and 4 salmonella sp.) ... | 1989 | 2497726 |
| [antibacterial activity of a number of preparations and their combination with a proteolytic enzyme against the microflora of burn and surgical wounds]. | antibacterial activity of antibiotics (azlocillin, tobramycin and piperacillin), antiseptics (metacid, chlorhexidine and quinosoline) and some other drugs (dioxidine and mafenide acetate) against the main representatives of the burn and surgical wound microflora, i. e. staphylococcus, p. aeruginosa, proteus, providencia, serratia, klebsiella and e. coli was studied. tobramycin and piperacillin were highly active against p. aeruginosa, staphylococcus and proteus. it was shown that in the presence ... | 1986 | 2425729 |
| [antigenic characteristics of standard strains of providencia rettgeri (o- and h-antigens)]. | additions and changes have been introduced into the existing antigenic diagnostic scheme of p. rettgeri on the basis of the study of the antigenic structure of standard strains from foreign collections: new, formerly unknown varieties of somatic and flagellar antigens (o35, o36, h27, h28) have been discovered, the complex of antigenic factors for h-antigens 7, 10, 23, 27 has been discovered. strains 958 (36 : 28) and 979 (16 : 27a, 23b, 2a), previously classified with the genus morganella, have ... | 1985 | 2416153 |
| in vitro activity of ro 24-6392, a novel ester-linked co-drug combining ciprofloxacin and desacetylcefotaxime. | in preliminary in vitro susceptibility tests ro 24-6392 (desacetylcefotaxime with a 3'-ciprofloxacin substitution) demonstrated activity against a wide spectrum of aerobic bacteria, 98.6% of strains being inhibited by less than or equal to 8 mg/l. of the commonly isolated species tested, only enterococcal strains were resistant (mics greater than or equal to 32 mg/l). the potency of ro 24-6392 was generally between that observed for the two hydrolysis components, except in the case of providenci ... | 1990 | 2387298 |
| numerical analysis of electrophoretic protein patterns of providencia stuartii strains from urine, wound and other clinical sources. | eighty-six strains of providencia stuartii (mainly of human origin) were characterized by one-dimensional sds-page of cellular proteins. the strains came from various countries; 52 were from urine, 11 from wounds, five from blood (one of these also from urine), four from ear infections, two each from faeces and sputum, one from 'alimentation' and nine from unknown sources. the protein patterns, which contained 45 to 50 discrete bands, were highly reproducible. the patterns of 46 prov. stuartii s ... | 1990 | 2370236 |
| in vitro studies of ciprofloxacin and survey of resistance patterns in current isolates. | we studied the activity of ciprofloxacin and other antibiotics against both routine and multiresistant (multi-r) clinical isolates. ciprofloxacin inhibited more than 98% of most species of enterobacteriaceae at a concentration of 2 micrograms/ml. only acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and to a much lesser degree, providencia and serratia, were resistant. most pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were susceptible. only 1% of staphylococci were resistant; the test panel included 1200 mrsa. for most species ... | 1990 | 2369816 |
| numerical analysis of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic protein patterns for the classification, identification and typing of medically important bacteria. | a numerical analysis of one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic protein patterns of three separate bacterial groups is described. similarity between patterns was estimated using a correlation coefficient and is represented diagramatically by the unweighted pair-group with arithmetic averages method of clustering. protein patterns were scanned using a laser densitometer interfaced directly to a microcomputer, where calculations were performed semi-automatically ... | 1990 | 2364925 |
| plasmid--mediated drug resistance in enterobacteriaceae isolated at gondar hospital. | thirteen randomly selected multiresistant strains of e. coli, klebsiella species and providencia stuartii, isolated from gondar hospital patients, were investigated for the presence of transferable drug resistance. resistance transfer occurred in 10 (77%) of the 13 strains. all the transferable resistances were found to be mediated by plasmids of the incompatibility groups h1, fii.j1 and c. the high frequency of the h1 plasmids observed in klebisella strains, indicates multiresistant nosocomial ... | 1990 | 2364901 |
| gastric emptying and the pharmacokinetics of the cephalosporin antibiotic, cefpodoxime proxetil. | the effects of gastric motility on the pharmacokinetics of cefpodoxime proxetil, an oral, broad spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic were evaluated in 12 healthy subjects. in this open-label, crossover trial, each subject took a 200 mg dose (two 100 mg film-coated tablets) in each study period. there was an initial fasting period followed by a control period and then either a propantheline or metoclopramide period. gastric motility was measured using [99mtc]-labeled sulfur colloid ... | 1990 | 2352449 |
| morganella morganii urease: purification, characterization, and isolation of gene sequences. | morganella morganii, a very common cause of catheter-associated bacteriuria, was previously classified with the genus proteus on the basis of urease production. m. morganii constitutively synthesizes a urease distinct from that of other uropathogens. the enzyme, purified 175-fold by passage through deae-sepharose, phenyl-sepharose, mono-q, and superose 6 chromatography resins, was found to have a native molecular size of 590 kilodaltons and was composed of three distinct subunits with apparent m ... | 1990 | 2345135 |
| the in-vitro activity of ceftibuten against 475 clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli, compared with cefuroxime and cefadroxil. | the in-vitro activity of ceftibuten was compared with cefuroxime and cefadroxil against 475 clinically-significant, epidemiologically-distinct isolates of gram-negative bacilli: 170 from blood, 212 from urine and 93 from a supplementary collection of multiply-resistant strains known to have resistance plasmids, to have caused sporadic or epidemic nosocomial infection, or both. ceftibuten mics ranged from 0.003 to greater than 32 mg/l, with a modal mic of 0.01 mg/l: 95% of all isolates had ceftib ... | 1990 | 2329100 |
| evolution of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and application to the fine-tuned phylogenetic positioning of enteric bacteria. | a comprehensive phylogenetic tree for virtually the entire assemblage of enteric bacteria is presented. character states of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis are used as criteria, and the results are compared with partial trees based upon sequencing of 16s rrna, 5s rrna, and tryptophan leader peptide. three major clusters are apparent. enterocluster 1 possesses a gene fusion (trpg-trpd) encoding anthranilate synthase: anthranilate 5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase of tryptop ... | 1990 | 2298692 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. reported by the research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | this study was conducted to investigate susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antibacterial agents at 64 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were carried out at each laboratory and the tests were performed according to the disk dilution method recommended by nccls in which susceptibilities are classified into "s", "ms", "i" and "r". ipm showed markedly high in vit ... | 1990 | 2287060 |
| differences between clavulanic acid and sulbactam in induction and inhibition of cephalosporinases in enterobacteria. | the ability of clavulanic acid and sulbactam to induce and inhibit cephalosporinases was evaluated in 16 clinical isolates of enterobacteria. using the quantitative induction assay, the checkerboard method and the disc approximation test, clavulanic acid was shown to act as inducer for all species, whereas sulbactam only induced strains of providencia stuartii. antagonism was achieved using a combination of clavulanic acid and cefotaxime but a combination of sulbactam and cefotaxime was either s ... | 1990 | 2282971 |
| in vitro activity of hre 664, a penem antibiotic. | hre 664, a new penem antibiotic, inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella, citrobacter diversus, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, salmonella, shigella, providencia, aeromonas, and morganella at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml but was considerably less active than cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and imipenem. it did not inhibit pseudomonas aeruginosa (mic greater than 128 micrograms/ml). hre 664 inhibited enterobacter spp., citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens at 1-8 micrograms/m ... | 1990 | 2279381 |
| antibody coated bacteria in urine of patients with recent spinal injury. | twenty patients with an acute spinal injury were prospectively studied to assess the clinical importance of antibody coated bacteria (acb) in the urine and the association among the different bacterial species with a positive antibody coated bacteria test. clinical urinary tract infection was associated with a positive acb test on 45% of occasions. three hundred and ninety nine urine samples containing 541 bacterial isolates were assessed for the presence of acb; 13% were found to be positive an ... | 1990 | 2262569 |
| [bacterial flora of the oral cavity, fangs and venom of bothrops jararaca: possible source of infection at the site of bite]. | culture of fang, fang sheath and venom of fifteen healthy freshly captured bothrops jararaca were analyzed. the bacteria most frequently encountered were group d streptococci (12 snakes), enterobacter sp. (6), providencia rettgeri (6), providencia sp. (4), escherichia coli (4), morganella morganii (3) and clostridium sp. (5). the bacteria observed are similar to those found in the abscesses from bothrops bitten patients. since these snake mouth bacteria may be inoculated during the snake bite, b ... | 1990 | 2259834 |
| influence of temperature on beta-lactamase production and outer membrane proteins in gram-negative rods. | the influence of temperature (ranging from 28 to 42 degrees c) was studied on the phenotypic expression of chromosomally mediated beta-lactamases in gram-negative clinical isolates and in their beta-lactamase-depressed resistant counterparts. the enzymes were expressed most intensely at lower temperatures (28 or 32 degrees c). in most strains the enzyme was barely detectable at growth temperatures of 42 degrees c independent of the inducer employed. the release of the enzyme into the surrounding ... | 1990 | 2253497 |
| numerical analysis of electrophoretic protein patterns of morganella morganii strains from faeces, wound, urine and other clinical sources. | sixty-five strains of morganella morganii (mainly of human origin) were characterized by one-dimensional sds-page of cellular proteins. the strains came from various countries; 13 were from stools (including one from a toucan), 13 from wounds, 11 from urine, five from blood (including one from a snake), five from the respiratory tract (four sputum, one lung), 12 from miscellaneous sources and six from unknown sources. the protein patterns, which contained 45 to 50 discrete bands, were highly rep ... | 1990 | 2246146 |
| bacterial infections in patients with visceral leishmaniasis. | bacterial infections are often seen in patients with visceral leishmaniasis. to determine the incidence of such infection and the more common infectious agents, 30 consecutive patients with visceral leishmaniasis were followed throughout hospitalization. there were 24 episodes of bacterial infection in 18 patients (60%). the incidence of bacterial infections in these patients was 22.2/1000 days of admission. the proportion of patients becoming infected by time was significantly greater in the vi ... | 1990 | 2230265 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522. | the activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 was compared to that of six other beta-lactam agents. bay v 3522 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, compared to mics of greater than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml for the other cephalosporins tested. it was more active against streptococcus pyogenes (mic less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml) than cefuroxime, cefixime, cephalexin and cefaclor. groups ... | 1990 | 2226499 |
| characterization of enterobacteria by esterase specific-activity profiles. | the spectrum of specific activities and the electrophoretic mobilities of esterases produced by 550 strains of enterobacteriaceae belonging to 36 species and subclassified into six groups (group 1, escherichia coli, shigella and escherichia hermanii; group 2, genus salmonella and genus citrobacter; group 3, genus klebsiella and genus enterobacter; group 4, genus serratia and serratia fonticola; group 5, genus proteus, genus providencia and genus morganella; and group 6, genus yersinia) were anal ... | 1990 | 2202780 |
| production of shiga-like toxin among escherichia coli strains and other bacteria isolated from diarrhea in são paulo, brazil. | an elevated level of shiga-like toxin i (slt-i) production was found in 1 of 466 escherichia coli strains studied. among the 34 sonic lysates obtained from classical enteropathogenic e. coli, 5 produced slt-i. the aeromonas, citrobacter, edwardsiella, enterobacter, klebsiella, proteus, providencia, pseudomonas, salmonella, serratia, shigella, yersinia, and vibrio strains also studied were not slt producers, except for a shigella dysenteriae type 1 strain. although slt-i-producing e. coli strains ... | 1990 | 2199511 |
| confirmation of morganella distinction from proteus and providencia among enterobacteriaceae on the basis of cellular and lipopolysaccharide fatty acid composition. | 1990 | 2191036 | |
| pathophysiologic basis for the use of third-generation cephalosporins. | after 10 years of use, the third-generation cephalosporins remain excellent antibiotics. they have superior activity against selected streptococcal species compared with other cephalosporins, and superior activity against haemophilus, neisseria, branhamella, and other less common oral gram-negative aerobic species. despite a very broad spectrum of activity, the third-generation cephalosporins, like all other cephalosporins, have only poor activity against enterococci, listeria, corynebacterium j ... | 1990 | 2183607 |
| genetic analysis of escherichia coli urease genes: evidence for two distinct loci. | studies with two uropathogenic urease-producing escherichia coli strains, 1021 and 1440, indicated that the urease genes of each are distinct. recombinant plasmids encoding urease activity from e. coli 1021 and 1440 differed in their restriction endonuclease cleavage sites and showed minimal dna hybridization under stringent conditions. the polypeptides encoded by the dna fragments containing the 1021 and 1440 urease loci differed in electrophoretic mobility under reducing conditions. regulation ... | 1990 | 2174868 |
| use of a novel phosphatase test for simplified identification of species of the tribe proteeae. | phosphatase activity of 334 isolates of the tribe proteeae carefully identified to species level has been evaluated by using both a number of conventional tests and three versions of the novel methyl green-phenolphthalein (mgp) method (g. satta. r. pompei, g. grazi, and g. cornaglia, j. clin. microbiol. 26:2637-2641, 1988). we found that the different species of proteeae show different and easily distinguishable. behaviors by the mgp method, while all of them behave in a uniform way in the conve ... | 1990 | 2166077 |
| the in-vitro activity of piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime and imipenem against multiple resistant gram-negative bacteria. | one hundred and fifty gram-negative bacterial strains including respiratory pathogens, such as haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis, and enterobacteriaceae with known resistance to beta-lactam and other antibiotics were tested in vitro for sensitivity to piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam (ratio 8:1), ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and imipenem. a 16-fold or greater reduction in the mic90 of piperacillin was achieved by the addition of tazobactam, in the respiratory pathogens, thus ... | 1990 | 2164513 |
| [in vitro activity of imipenem against hospital bacteria]. | imipenem proved highly active against enterobacteriaceae: the different bacterial groups exhibited similar mode mics (0.12 to 0.25 micrograms/ml), except for serratia (0.25-0.5 micrograms/ml), proteus mirabilis (0.5 micrograms/ml), indole-positive proteus (2 micrograms/ml) and providencia (1 mu/ml). the mics of cefotaxime-resistant strains (cephalosporinase hyperproducing or very broad spectrum betalactamase producing) were within the susceptibility range. imipenem also exhibited satisfactory ac ... | 1990 | 2139936 |
| in-vitro and in-vivo antibacterial activities of e1040, a new cephalosporin with potent antipseudomonal activity. | e1040 is a new parenteral cephalosporin with a broad antibacterial spectrum and potent activity against gram-negative bacteria including pseudomonas aeruginosa. the in-vitro activities of e1040 against clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae, ent. aerogenes, providencia rettgeri, and morganella morganii were superior to those of ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefmenoxime, and cefuzonam. the activities of e1040 against gram-positive cocci were comparable with those of ceftazidime, but it was less a ... | 1990 | 2127928 |
| biological characterization of a new radioactive labeling reagent for bacterial penicillin-binding proteins. | radiolabeled penicillin g is widely used as the imaging agent in penicillin-binding protein (pbp) assays. the disadvantages of most forms of labeled penicillin g are instability on storage and the long exposure times usually required for autoradiography or fluorography of electrophoretic gels. we investigated the utility of radioiodinated penicillin v as an alternative reagent. radioiodination of p-(trimethylstannyl)penicillin v with [125i]na, using a modification of the chloramine-t method, is ... | 1990 | 2113792 |
| adherence of helicobacter pylori cells and their surface components to hela cell membranes. | four helicobacter pylori strains were used to develop in vitro methods to assess adherence to hela cells. using direct detection by microscopy, adhesion scores increased with the initial bacteria-to-cell ratio. the urease method assessed h. pylori bound to hela cells by their urease activity. the percentage of the original inoculum adhering to hela cells remained constant for initial ratios from 10(2) to 10(5) bacteria per cell. an elisa using anti-h. pylori serum assessed whole bacteria or comp ... | 1990 | 2097496 |
| combination of ofloxacin and other antimicrobial agents. | we evaluated the combination of ofloxacin with piperacillin, gentamicin, vancomycin, rifampin, clindamycin, and metronidazole by the checkerboard agar dilution method against 165 isolates which included escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, providencia stuartii, acinetobacter, staphylococcus aureus, bacteroides fragilis, and citrobacter perfringens. synergy of piperacillin-ofloxacin was demonstrated for 50% and 40% respectivel ... | 1990 | 2093103 |
| comparative in vitro and in vivo activities of six new monofluoroquinolone and difluoroquinolone 3-carboxylic acids with a 7-azetidin ring substituent. | e-4502, e-4501, e-4500, e-4480, e-4474, and e-4441 are new monofluorinated or difluorinated quinolone agents that are chemically characterized by the presence of an azetidin ring, with different c'-3 substituents, at position 7 of the molecular structure. the mics of the difluorinated compounds e-4501, e-4474, and e-4441 for 90% of isolates were 0.06 to 1, 0.06 to 1, and 0.12 to 1 microgram/ml, respectively, against gram-positive organisms (staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococcus faecalis) ... | 1990 | 2088187 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | we investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antimicrobial agents at 459 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were performed at each hospital laboratory and the tests were carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: , ++, + and -. ipm had significantly high activity against st ... | 1990 | 2086814 |
| antimicrobial activity and beta-lactamase stability of bmy-28232, parent compound of an oral cephalosporin. | bmy-28232, an aminothiazolyl imino methoxy cephalosporin which is available as an orally absorbed acetoxyethyl ester, inhibited strains of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococci, streptococcus pneumoniae, escherichia coli, klebsiella species, and many strains of proteus and providencia stuartii at concentrations less than 1 microgram/ml, including isolates resistant to cephalexin and cefaclor. it had activity similar to that of cefixime, but was more active against ... | 1990 | 2086221 |
| a comparison of the mechanisms of decreased susceptibility of aztreonam-resistant and ceftazidime-resistant enterobacteriaceae. | twenty five strains of enterobacteriaceae (five each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii and providencia stuartii) were exposed to aztreonam and ceftazidime at 1/2 and 1 x mic in liquid medium for 22 h, and also to 3, 5 and 10 x mic and 16 mg/l of each agent in agar. any putative mutant with an increase in the mic of greater than or equal to 4 fold was examined for beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein profile. mutants were selec ... | 1990 | 2081717 |
| [antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of eleven oral cephalosporins]. | oral cephalosporins (cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet, ceftibuten, cefpodoxime, loracarbef, cefprozil, cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefadroxil and bay 3522) were compared by their antibacterial profile including stability against new beta-lactamases. both activity and antibacterial spectrum of compounds structurally related to third generation parenteral cephalosporins (of the oximino class) were superior to established compounds. activity against staphylococci was found to be highest for cefdinir, cefpro ... | 1990 | 2079378 |
| the in-vitro activity of cefodizime: a review. | for enterobacteriaceae, mic50s and mic90s of cefodizime (mg/l), respectively, were as follows, for naturally non-beta-lactamase-producing species: escherichia coli 0.12 and 0.5, salmonella spp. and shigella spp. 0.25 and 0.5, proteus mirabilis 0.016 and 0.03; for chromosomal penicillinase-producing species. klebsiella spp. 0.25 and 64, and for chromosomal cephalosporinase-producing species. enterobacter cloacae 1 and 64, citrobacter freundii 1 and 128, serratia marcescens 2 and 8: indole-positiv ... | 1990 | 2074248 |
| [microbiological quality of mechanically deboned beef]. | microbial quality of mechanically deboned beef (mdb), which was obtained by the discontinuous hydraulic horizontal separator, type inject-star (firm laska, austria), was analyzed for the presence of indicatory microorganisms (coliforms and enterococci), pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. the basic microbial parameters have been determined separately for mdb of 1st, 2nd degrees as well as for average daily samples from one collecting vessel. apart from it, also a raw material ... | 1991 | 2042400 |
| [antimicrobial susceptibilities of clinical isolates of morganella-proteus-providencia group of bacteria]. | we examined in vitro susceptibilities of 3,109 isolates belonging to 5 species of proteeae to 2 penicillins, 5 cephems and 2 aminoglycosides. the isolates were collected from 69 hospital laboratories throughout japan between 1986 and 1988. minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined using the agar dilution method with inoculation of 10(8) cells/ml of bacteria. proteus mirabilis had marked susceptibilities to the penicillins and cephems tested. proteus vulgaris and morganella morganii were ... | 1991 | 2041155 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of e-4497, a new 3-amine-3-methyl-azetidinyl tricyclic fluoroquinolone. | the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of a new tricyclic fluoroquinolone, e-4497 [s(-)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(3-amine-3-methyl-azetidin-1-yl)-7-oxo- 2,3-dihydro- 7h-pyrido-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid], were evaluated in comparison with those of dr-3355 [s-(-)-ofloxacin], norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. e-4497 was more potent than norfloxacin and as potent as or more potent than dr-3355 and ciprofloxacin against staphylococcus spp., streptococcus spp., and enterococcus ... | 1991 | 2039195 |
| oviposition by screwworm flies (diptera: calliphoridae) on contact with host fluids. | factor affecting oviposition by screwworm flies, cochliomyia hominivorax (coquerel), contacting different host fluids were examined in a laboratory bioassay. fresh bovine blood, which does not release the attractive odors involved in host finding, nevertheless stimulated as many or more females to oviposit than did the other fluids tested. these other fluids included attractive fluid from screwworm-infected wounds (a favored oviposition site in nature) and cultures of providencia rettgeri (a bac ... | 1991 | 2019681 |
| [antibacterial activities of ofloxacin against recent isolates from patients with community-acquired infections]. | in order to survey antibacterial activities of ofloxacin (oflx) against 1,440 bacterial strains isolated from patients with community-acquired infections in 1987 and 1990, minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of the drug as well as those of other new quinolones and oral cephems were determined. the following conclusions were reached. 1. comparison of the mic distribution for strains isolated in 1987 with those in 1990 suggested a tendency toward an increase in the frequency of oflx-resistant ... | 1991 | 1960856 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from patients at 6 hospitals in osaka]. | we examined mics of 6 oral new quinolones and 4 oral cephems against bacteria isolated from patients at 6 hospitals in osaka during the period from january to june in 1990, and the following results were obtained. 1. all species excluding streptococcus pyogenes were more sensitive with less frequencies of resistance to new quinolones than to cephems. in new quinolones, tosufloxacin (tflx) was the most active against gram-positive cocci and ciprofloxacin (cpfx) and tflx had the highest activities ... | 1991 | 1960855 |
| characterization of fce 22101-resistant enterobacteriaceae and the effect of fce 22101 upon the activity of anti-pseudomonal beta-lactams for pseudomonas aeruginosa. | twenty-five strains of enterobacteriaceae (five each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii, and providencia stuartii) were exposed to fce 22101 in agar containing 3, 5, or 10 x the mic. any putative mutant with a greater than or equal to four-fold increase in the mic was examined for beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein (omp) profile. mutant colonies were selected at a frequency of 10(-7)-10(-11) with decreased susceptibility to f ... | 1991 | 1960118 |
| use of ciprofloxacin versus use of aminoglycosides for therapy of complicated urinary tract infection: prospective, randomized clinical and pharmacokinetic study. | the efficacy of oral ciprofloxacin was compared with that of parenteral aminoglycoside for therapy of complicated urinary tract infection in a prospective randomized trial. the setting was a chronic-care veterans administration facility in which long-term bladder catheterization and resistant bacteria were common. sixty-five consecutive patients were stratified for presence and type of bladder catheter, the presence of providencia and pseudomonas aeruginosa organisms versus other urinary pathoge ... | 1991 | 1952856 |
| [anti-bacterial defense mechanisms of the urinary tract constructed from intestinal segments. studies on cell population and phagocytotic activity of urinary leucocytes, and bacterial growth in urine]. | cell population of urinary leucocytes of 22 patients (intestine group) who underwent operations using intestinal segments for the urinary tract was compared with that of 26 complicated uti patients without surgical intervention (control group). eosinophils were recognized in 15.5 per cent of urinary leucocytes of the intestine group. however, in the control group, urine eosinophils were recognized only in 0.15 per cent. although in sterile urines of the intestine group eosinophils were recognize ... | 1991 | 1942703 |
| enterosistem 18-r: description and comparative evaluation with conventional methods for identification of members of the family enterobacteriaceae. | the efficiency and accuracy of enterosistem 18-r (liofilchem s.r.l., roseto degli abruzzi, teramo, italy) were compared with those of conventional biochemical methods to identify 360 members (38 species) of the family enterobacteriaceae. overall, 329 strains (91.3%) were correctly identified (percentage of identification, greater than or equal to 90.0), with 37 (11.2%) requiring additional tests for complete identification. for 11 isolates (3.1%), enterosistem 18-r gave only genus identification ... | 1991 | 1939588 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of sparfloxacin (at-4140, ci-978, pd 131501) compared with numerous other quinolone compounds. | sparfloxacin (at-4140, ci-978, pd 131501) was tested against over 800 recent bacteremic strains and compared with ciprofloxacin and six other fluoroquinolones. the 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (mic90) ranges for the enterobacteriaceae species were (a) sparfloxacin, 0.03-1 microgram/ml and (b) ciprofloxacin, 0.015-0.25 microgram/ml. moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, and neisseria gonorrhoeae were very susceptible to sparfloxacin (mic90s, 0.004- less than or equal to 0.03 micr ... | 1991 | 1909615 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of ro 09-1428, a new parenteral cephalosporin with high antipseudomonal activity. | ro 09-1428, a new parenteral cephalosporin with a catechol moiety attached at position 7 of the cephalosporin ring, showed high in vitro activity against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, and streptococcus pyogenes, with mics for 90% of strains tested (mic90s) of less than or equal to 0.39 micrograms/ml. morganella morganii, providencia rettgeri, citrobacter freundii, haemophilus influenzae, staphylococcus aureus, and streptococcus pneumoniae were inhi ... | 1991 | 1906261 |
| [anti-bacterial defense mechanisms of the urinary tract constructed from intestinal segments. preliminary studies on urinary tract infections, secretory iga and composition of urine]. | the characteristics of urinary tract infections (uti), secretory iga and urine composition of 24 patients (intestine group) who underwent operations using intestinal segments in urinary tract were compared with those of 26 complicated uti patients without surgical intervention (control group). no significant differences were found in the frequency of either mono or polymicrobial infections between both groups. however, the frequency of bacterial isolation was different in the two groups, strepto ... | 1991 | 1904119 |
| [ru 51807 (cefpodoxime proxetil). in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of a new orally administered active cephalosporin]. | cefpodoxime proxetil (ru 51807) is an enterally absorbed ester prodrug which is rapidly cleaved in vivo after oral administration, with release of the active free acid metabolite cefpodoxime. the in vitro antibacterial activity of the sodium salt of cefpodoxime (ru 51746) against approximately 800 clinical isolates was evaluated comparatively with other orally active beta-lactams. ru 51746 was found to be active against enterobacteria normally susceptible to third generation cephalosporins, with ... | 1991 | 1901403 |
| [enterobacteriaceae isolated in nine general hospitals of the ile-de-france in 1988 and 1989: susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics according to the length of hospitalisation]. | susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics of strains of enterobacteriaceae consecutively isolated in nine general hospitals during a period of 2 months (march and april) has been studied by the disk-agar diffusion method. the separation between susceptible and resistant strains was based on the measure of the inhibition zones centered by 2 disks: cephalothin and ticarcillin. enterobacteriaceae were divided in 2 groups: strains isolated during the first 48 h of hospitalisation or isolated after. ... | 1991 | 1881679 |
| in vitro activity of an oxycephem ocp 9-176 compared with its sulfur analog and other beta-lactams. | ocp 9-176 is an oxycephem antibiotic that contains a 2-aminothiazolyl, carboxypropyl side chain at c-7 and a pyridinium thiomethyl group at c-3. ocp 9-176 was generally twofold less active than its sulfur-containing analog me 1228 against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, providencia stuartii, proteus vulgaris, and serratia marcescens. activity against enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii was equivalent. ocp 9-176 was twofold less active than me-1228 against p ... | 1991 | 1873972 |
| microbiological status of egyptian prawn. | a total of 110 prawn individuals were collected from different markets at cairo and giza governorates. the average counts of aerobes, psychrophiles, enterobacteriaceae, coliforms and staphylococci were 5 x 10(3), 3 x 10(2), less than 2 x 10(2), less than 3 and 2 x 10(2) organisms per gram newly caught prawn sample, respectively. such counts were significantly increased in samples collected from markets including raw prawn in shell, raw peeled samples and frozen samples either peeled or in shell. ... | 1991 | 1865888 |
| single daily dose amikacin in paediatric patients with severe gram-negative infections. | twenty-five children with serious gram-negative infections were treated in a prospective study with amikacin 20 mg/kg administered in a single daily dose as a 30 min iv infusion for 4 to 12 days. in nine cases the amikacin was combined with beta-lactam antibiotics. escherichia coli were the most frequent bacteria isolated followed by k. pneumoniae, providencia and enterobacter spp. and pseudomonas aeruginosa with mics ranging from 1 to 16 mg/l. mean (+/- s.d.) peak and trough concentrations of d ... | 1991 | 1856143 |
| correlation between dna polymorphism and enzyme polymorphism argues in favour of the delineation of two species within providencia alcalifaciens. | ribosomal dna (rdna) polymorphism was compared to enzyme polymorphism and dna/dna hybridization data for the intraspecies differentiation of providencia alcalifaciens. dna from 27 strains previously classified into two zymotypes a1 and a2 and discriminated by two levels of dna/dna hybridization (delta tm values of 0 to 1 degree c and 6 to 10 degrees c, respectively) were analysed by southern blotting for rdna polymorphism. the ribotypes fell into two ribogroups a1 and a2, which correlated with t ... | 1991 | 1805310 |
| activity of meropenem against antibiotic-resistant or infrequently encountered gram-negative bacilli. | meropenem was compared in vitro with imipenem as well as with several other contemporary beta-lactams, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin against a group of highly antibiotic resistant members of the family enterobacteriaceae and a collection of oxidase-positive and/or glucose-nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli. in this study, meropenem was more active than imipenem against isolates of enterobacter, klebsiella, morganella, providencia, alcaligenes, aeromonas, and pasteurella. | 1991 | 1804016 |
| cefpodoxime: comparative antibacterial activity, influence of growth conditions, and bactericidal activity. | the antimicrobial activity of cefpodoxime, the active metabolite of the new cephalosporin ester cefpodoxime proxetil, in comparison to cefixime, cefotiam, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime was determined against a broad spectrum of freshly isolated gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. cefpodoxime was demonstrated to be inhibitory at concentrations of less than or equal to 1 mg/l against 90% of strains of moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli (beta-lactamase- nega ... | 1991 | 1800379 |
| antibacterial activity of cefpodoxime in comparison with cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet, ceftibuten, loracarbef, cefprozil, bay 3522, cefuroxime, cefaclor and cefadroxil. | the new oral cephalosporins cefpodoxime, cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet and ceftibuten demonstrate enhanced activity against enterobacteriaceae susceptible to the established compounds as well (e.g. cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefadroxil). in addition, cefpodoxime, cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet and ceftibuten include in their spectrum species hitherto resistant to oral cephalosporins (proteus vulgaris, providencia spp., yersinia enterocolitica). besides, the majority of these compounds demonstrate rele ... | 1991 | 1800377 |
| xylose-lysine-tergitol 4: an improved selective agar medium for the isolation of salmonella. | a study was conducted to evaluate a new selective plating medium for isolating salmonella using pure bacterial cultures, and poultry environmental specimens containing high numbers of competing enteric bacteria. xylose-lysine-tergitol 4 (xlt4) agar was found to strongly inhibit proteus, pseudomonas, providencia, and many other nonsalmonellae and to provide good differentiation between salmonella and citrobacter. the xlt4 medium significantly improved salmonella isolation from chicken farm enviro ... | 1991 | 1784564 |
| selection and characterization of cefepime-resistant gram-negative bacteria. | the nctc type strains and four clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii, providencia stuartii and pseudomonas aeruginosa were exposed, in agar, to cefepime at 3, 5, and 10 x mic and a breakpoint concentration of 16 mg/l. mutants were selected at a frequency of approximately 10(-8) that had decreased susceptibility to cefepime and cefpirome, and species-dependent resistance to other beta-lactams. any putative mutant with a greater t ... | 1991 | 1778870 |
| beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein changes in cefpirome-resistant and ceftazidime-resistant gram-negative bacteria. | twenty-five strains of enterobacteriaceae (five each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii, and providencia stuartii) and five strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa were exposed to various concentrations of cefpirome or ceftazidime in agar. mutants with a greater than four-fold increase in the mic were examined for changes in beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein (omp) profile. both agents selected mutants with decreased susceptibility ... | 1991 | 1778852 |