Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae. | marginal periodontitis is not a homogeneous disease but is rather influenced by an intricate set of host susceptibility differences as well as diversities in virulence among the harbored organisms. it is likely that clonal heterogeneity of subpopulations with both high and low levels of pathogenicity exists among organisms harbored by individuals with negligible, slight, or even severe periodontal destruction. therefore, specific virulent clones of periodontal pathogens may cause advanced and/or ... | 2013 | 23667717 |
| determining the presence of periodontopathic virulence factors in short-term postmortem alzheimer's disease brain tissue. | the aim of this study was to establish a link between periodontal disease and alzheimer's disease (ad) with a view to identifying the major periodontal disease bacteria (treponema denticola, tannerella forsythia, and porphyromonas gingivalis) and/or bacterial components in brain tissue from 12 h postmortem delay. our request matched 10 ad cases for tissue from brains for dementia research alongside 10 non-ad age-related controls with similar or greater postmortem interval. we exposed svgp12, an ... | 2013 | 23666172 |
| single or repeated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as adjunct to ultrasonic debridement in residual periodontal pockets: clinical, microbiological, and local biological effects. | this study aims to assess in residual periodontal pockets the clinical, microbiological, and local biological effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (pdt), delivered after ultrasonic instrumentation either once or twice in a 1-week interval. a single center, three-arm randomized longitudinal study was carried out for 6 months. twenty-eight systemically healthy patients on periodontal maintenance with residual pockets (pocket depth (pd) ≥5 mm, clinical attachment loss ≥2 mm, and bleeding u ... | 2013 | 23660738 |
| single or repeated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as adjunct to ultrasonic debridement in residual periodontal pockets: clinical, microbiological, and local biological effects. | this study aims to assess in residual periodontal pockets the clinical, microbiological, and local biological effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (pdt), delivered after ultrasonic instrumentation either once or twice in a 1-week interval. a single center, three-arm randomized longitudinal study was carried out for 6 months. twenty-eight systemically healthy patients on periodontal maintenance with residual pockets (pocket depth (pd) ≥5 mm, clinical attachment loss ≥2 mm, and bleeding u ... | 2013 | 23660738 |
| association between il8 haplotypes and pathogen levels in chronic periodontitis. | chronic periodontitis (cp) is considered to be a multifactorial disease influenced by microbial and genetic factors. the aim of the present study was to investigate whether the genetic susceptibility to cp in individuals with the il8 atc/ttc haplotype is associated with subgingival levels of periodontopathogens. sixty-five individuals, grouped according to the presence (n = 28) or absence (n = 37) of the il8 haplotype, were evaluated. after clinical periodontal evaluation, each group was subdivi ... | 2013 | 23660697 |
| soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (strem-1) in gingival crevicular fluid: association with clinical and microbiologic parameters. | soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (strem-1) belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is involved in amplification of the inflammatory response to bacterial infection. this cross-sectional study aims to investigate the levels of strem-1 in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) of individuals without periodontitis and with chronic periodontitis (cp) or generalized aggressive periodontitis (gagp) and their association with the levels of key periodontal pathogens in subgingival ... | 2014 | 23659423 |
| targeting the treponemal microbiome of digital dermatitis infections by high-resolution phylogenetic analyses and comparison with fluorescent in situ hybridization. | modern pyrosequencing technology allows for a more comprehensive approach than traditional sanger sequencing for elucidating the etiology of bovine digital dermatitis. we sought to describe the composition and diversity of treponemes in digital dermatitis lesions by using deep sequencing of the v3 and v4 hypervariable regions of the 16s rrna gene coupled with species-level taxonomic identification. treponema-specific 16s rrna gene pcrs and pyrosequencing were performed on biopsy specimens origin ... | 2013 | 23658264 |
| detection of eight periodontal microorganisms and distribution of porphyromonas gingivalis fima genotypes in chinese patients with aggressive periodontitis. | the microbiologic feature of aggressive periodontitis (agp) in chinese patients has not yet been determined. this study aims to investigate the prevalence of eight periodontal microorganisms and the distribution of the porphyromonas gingivalis fima genotype in a cohort of chinese patients with agp. | 2014 | 23646850 |
| short-term microbiological effects of scaling and root planing and essential-oils mouthwash in chinese adults. | to assess the short-term effect of scaling and root planing (srp) and essential-oils mouthwash on the levels of specific bacteria in chinese adults. | 2013 | 23645178 |
| interleukin-10 gene promoter polymorphisms are associated with cyclosporin a-induced gingival overgrowth in renal transplant patients. | interleukin-10 (il-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine whose genetic polymorphisms are associated with the production of il-10 and the susceptibility to periodontal diseases. the aim of this study was to investigate the possible association of il-10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and cyclosporin a (csa)-induced gingival overgrowth (go) in renal transplant patients in a chinese population, taking into account subgingival microbiota as additional variables. | 2013 | 23643609 |
| evaluation of periodontal pathogens in amniotic fluid and the role of periodontal disease in pre-term birth and low birth weight. | pre-term birth and/or low birth weight (ptlbw) is a serious problem in developing countries. the absence of known risk factors in ≈ 50% of ptlbw cases has resulted in a continued search for other causes. the aim of this study was to examine the effect of periodontitis on pregnancy outcomes. | 2012 | 23638858 |
| halitosis: from diagnosis to management. | halitosis is formed by volatile molecules which are caused because of pathological or nonpathological reasons and it originates from an oral or a non-oral source. it is very common in general population and nearly more than 50% of the general population have halitosis. although halitosis has multifactorial origins, the source of 90% cases is oral cavity such as poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, tongue coat, food impaction, unclean dentures, faulty restorations, oral carcinomas, and throat ... | 2013 | 23633830 |
| surface display of a massively variable lipoprotein by a legionella diversity-generating retroelement. | diversity-generating retroelements (dgrs) are a unique family of retroelements that confer selective advantages to their hosts by facilitating localized dna sequence evolution through a specialized error-prone reverse transcription process. we characterized a dgr in legionella pneumophila, an opportunistic human pathogen that causes legionnaires disease. the l. pneumophila dgr is found within a horizontally acquired genomic island, and it can theoretically generate 10(26) unique nucleotide seque ... | 2013 | 23633572 |
| mobile microbiome: oral bacteria in extra-oral infections and inflammation. | the link between oral infections and adverse systemic conditions has attracted much attention in the research community. several mechanisms have been proposed, including spread of the oral infection due to transient bacteremia resulting in bacterial colonization in extra-oral sites, systemic injury by free toxins of oral pathogens, and systemic inflammation caused by soluble antigens of oral pathogens. mounting evidence supports a major role of the systemic spread of oral commensals and pathogen ... | 2013 | 23625375 |
| altered phenotype and function of dendritic cells in individuals with chronic periodontitis. | to investigate the effects of periodontal bacterial lysates on maturation and function of mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (m-mddcs) derived from individuals with chronic periodontitis (cp) or healthy periodontal tissue (hp). | 2013 | 23623310 |
| transplantation-associated long-term immunosuppression promotes oral colonization by potentially opportunistic pathogens without impacting other members of the salivary bacteriome. | solid-organ transplant recipients rely on pharmacological immunosuppression to prevent allograft rejection. the effect of such chronic immunosuppression on the microflora at mucosal surfaces is not known. we evaluated the salivary bacterial microbiome of 20 transplant recipients and 19 nonimmunosuppressed controls via 454 pyrosequencing of 16s rrna gene amplicons. alpha-diversity and global community structure did not differ between transplant and control subjects. however, principal coordinate ... | 2013 | 23616410 |
| structure and immunogenicity of the rough-type lipopolysaccharide from the periodontal pathogen tannerella forsythia. | tannerella forsythia is a gram-negative anaerobic organism that inhabits subgingival plaque biofilms and is covered with a so far unique surface layer composed of two glycoproteins. it belongs to the so-called "red complex" of bacteria comprising species that are associated with periodontal disease. while the surface layer glycoprotein glycan structure had been elucidated recently and found to be a virulence factor, no structural data on the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of this organism were availab ... | 2013 | 23616409 |
| investigation of the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on subgingival plaque microbiota by high-throughput 16s rdna pyrosequencing. | diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for chronic periodontitis. we investigated the effects of type 2 diabetes on the subgingival plaque bacterial composition by applying culture-independent 16s rdna sequencing to periodontal bacteria isolated from four groups of volunteers: non-diabetic subjects without periodontitis, non-diabetic subjects with periodontitis, type 2 diabetic patients without periodontitis, and type 2 diabetic patients with periodontitis. a total of 71,373 high-quality seque ... | 2013 | 23613868 |
| sequence divergence in the treponema denticola fhbb protein and its impact on factor h binding. | treponema denticola is an anaerobic spirochete whose abundance in the subgingival crevice correlates with the development and severity of periodontal disease. the ability of t. denticola to survive and thrive in the hostile environment of the periodontal pocket is due, at least in part, to its ability to bind factor h (fh), a negative regulator of the alternative complement pathway. the fh binding protein of t. denticola has been identified as fhbb and its atomic structure has been determined. t ... | 2013 | 23601078 |
| structure and mechanism of the 2',3' phosphatase component of the bacterial pnkp-hen1 rna repair system. | pnkp is the end-healing and end-sealing component of an rna repair system present in diverse bacteria from many phyla. pnkp is composed of three catalytic modules: an n-terminal polynucleotide 5' kinase, a central 2',3' phosphatase and a c-terminal ligase. the phosphatase module is a mn(2+)-dependent phosphodiesterase-monoesterase that dephosphorylates 2',3'-cyclic phosphate rna ends. here we report the crystal structure of the phosphatase domain of clostridium thermocellum pnkp with mn(2+) and ... | 2013 | 23595150 |
| prevalence of porphyromonas gingivalis four rag locus genotypes in patients of orthodontic gingivitis and periodontitis. | porphyromonas gingivalis is considered as a major etiological agent in periodontal diseases and implied to result in gingival inflammation under orthodontic appliance. rag locus is a pathogenicity island found in porphyromonas gingivalis. four rag locus variants are different in pathogenicity of porphyromonas gingivalis. moreover, there are different racial and geographic differences in distribution of rag locus genotypes. in this study, we assessed the prevalence of porphyromonas gingivalis and ... | 2013 | 23593379 |
| hydrogen sulfide signaling in the gastrointestinal tract. | the current literature regarding the effects of the gaseous signal molecule hydrogen sulfide (h2s) in the gastrointestinal system is reviewed. bacterial, host and pharmaceutical-derived h2s are all considered and presented according to the physiological or pathophysiological effects of the gaseous signal molecule. these subjects include the toxicology of intestinal h2s with emphasis on bacterial-derived h2s, especially from sulfate-reducing bacteria, the role of endogenous and exogenous h2s in i ... | 2014 | 23582008 |
| comparative analysis of oral treponemes associated with periodontal health and disease. | periodontal diseases, such as periodontitis, are chronic inflammatory infections affecting the gingivae (gums), underlying connective tissues and bone that support the teeth. oral treponemes (genus treponema) are widely-considered to play important roles in periodontal disease etiology and pathogenesis; however, precise relationships remain to be fully established. | 2013 | 23578286 |
| inhibition of attachment of oral bacteria to immortalized human gingival fibroblasts (hgf-1) by tea extracts and tea components. | tea has been suggested to promote oral health by inhibiting bacterial attachment to the oral cavity. most studies have focused on prevention of bacterial attachment to hard surfaces such as enamel. | 2013 | 23578062 |
| periodontitis: a host-mediated disruption of microbial homeostasis. unlearning learned concepts. | new concepts evolve when existing ones fail to address known factors adequately or are invalidated by new evidence. for decades periodontitis has been considered to be caused by specific bacteria or groups of bacteria and, accordingly, treatment protocols have largely been based on anti-infective therapies. however, close inspection of current data leads one to question whether these bacteria are the cause or the result of periodontitis. good evidence is emerging to suggest that it is indeed the ... | 2013 | 23574467 |
| lessons learned and unlearned in periodontal microbiology. | periodontal diseases are initiated by bacterial species living in polymicrobial biofilms at or below the gingival margin and progress largely as a result of the inflammation elicited by specific subgingival species. in the past few decades, efforts to understand the periodontal microbiota have led to an exponential increase in information about biofilms associated with periodontal health and disease. in fact, the oral microbiota is one of the best-characterized microbiomes that colonize the huma ... | 2013 | 23574465 |
| butyrate production in engineered escherichia coli with synthetic scaffolds. | butyrate pathway was constructed in recombinant escherichia coli using the genes from clostridium acetobutylicum and treponema denticola. however, the pathway constructed from exogenous enzymes did not efficiently convert carbon flux to butyrate. three steps of the productivity enhancement were attempted in this study. first, pathway engineering to delete metabolic pathways to by-products successfully improved the butyrate production. second, synthetic scaffold protein that spatially co-localize ... | 2013 | 23568786 |
| management of peri-implantitis. | peri-implantitis is a site-specific infectious disease that causes an inflammatory process in soft tissues, and bone loss around an osseointegrated implant in function. the etiology of the implant infection is conditioned by the status of the tissue surrounding the implant, implant design, degree of roughness, external morphology, and excessive mechanical load. the microorganisms most commonly associated with implant failure are spirochetes and mobile forms of gram-negative anaerobes, unless the ... | 2012 | 23559913 |
| periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus. | periodontal disease (pd) is one of the most commonly known human chronic disorders. the relationship between pd and several systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus (dm) has been increasingly recognized over the past decades. | 2013 | 23559105 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis virulence factor gingipain rgpb shows a unique zymogenic mechanism for cysteine peptidases. | zymogenicity is a regulatory mechanism that prevents inadequate catalytic activity in the wrong context. it plays a central role in maintaining microbial virulence factors in an inactive form inside the pathogen until secretion. among these virulence factors is the cysteine peptidase gingipain b (rgpb), which is the major virulence factor secreted by the periodontopathogen porphyromonas gingivalis that attacks host vasculature and defense proteins. the structure of the complex between soluble ma ... | 2013 | 23558682 |
| buerger disease, smoking, and periodontitis. | weak oral bacteria such as periodontal bacteria or chlamydia pneumoniae have been observed in various arterial and venous lesions with epidemiological data reported prior to the discovery of bacterial invasion into vessels. rich lymph vessels easily bring the bacteria from the mouth to the neck and the venous angle, which is directly open to the blood vessels. periodontal bacteria travel within platelets and chlamydia pneumoniae can be carried by monocytes. the transportation system of other wea ... | 2008 | 23555343 |
| microbiology and treatment of acute apical abscesses. | acute apical abscess is the most common form of dental abscess and is caused by infection of the root canal of the tooth. it is usually localized intraorally, but in some cases the apical abscess may spread and result in severe complications or even mortality. the reasons why dental root canal infections can become symptomatic and evolve to severe spreading and sometimes life-threatening abscesses remain elusive. studies using culture and advanced molecular microbiology methods for microbial ide ... | 2013 | 23554416 |
| relaxed cleavage specificity within the rele toxin family. | bacterial type ii toxin-antitoxin systems are widespread in bacteria. among them, the rele toxin family is one of the most abundant. the rele(k-12) toxin of escherichia coli k-12 represents the paradigm for this family and has been extensively studied, both in vivo and in vitro. rele(k-12) is an endoribonuclease that cleaves mrnas that are translated by the ribosome machinery as these transcripts enter the a site. earlier in vivo reports showed that rele(k-12) cleaves preferentially in the 5'-en ... | 2013 | 23543711 |
| an investigation of the presence of specific anaerobic species in necrotic primary teeth. | different microbial identification methods have shown that the microbial community profiles in endodontic infections are diverse and assorted. the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of selected endodontic pathogens in the pulp chambers (pcs) and root canals (rcs) of infected primary teeth using pcr methods. paired pc and rc samples were collected from 15 subjects and analyzed by pcr for the presence of filifactor alocis, fusobacterium nucleatum, parvimonas micra, porphyromonas endod ... | 2013 | 23538426 |
| detection of oral bacterial dna in synovial fluid. | as periodontal bacteria might be involved in the aetiology of rheumatic diseases, we analysed synovial fluid obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and controls for the presence of dna of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola. | 2013 | 23534379 |
| mixed red-complex bacterial infection in periodontitis. | the red complex, which includes porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia (formerly bacteroides forsythus), are recognized as the most important pathogens in adult periodontal disease. these bacteria are usually found together in periodontal pockets, suggesting that they may cause destruction of the periodontal tissue in a cooperative manner. this article discusses the interspecies pathogenic interactions within the red complex. | 2013 | 23533413 |
| motility is crucial for the infectious life cycle of borrelia burgdorferi. | the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, exists in a zoonotic cycle involving an arthropod tick and mammalian host. dissemination of the organism within and between these hosts depends upon the spirochete's ability to traverse through complex tissues. additionally, the spirochete outruns the host immune cells while migrating through the dermis, suggesting the importance of b. burgdorferi motility in evading host clearance. b. burgdorferi's periplasmic flagellar filaments are composed p ... | 2013 | 23529620 |
| cluster of bacteria associated with peri-implantitis. | information on the microbiota in peri-implantitis is limited. we hypothesized that neither gender nor a history of periodontitis/smoking or the microbiota at implants differ by implant status. | 2014 | 23527870 |
| subgingival aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans associates with the risk of coronary artery disease. | we investigated the association between angiographically verified coronary artery disease (cad) and subgingival aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola. | 2013 | 23521427 |
| role of sex steroid hormones in bacterial-host interactions. | sex steroid hormones play important physiological roles in reproductive and nonreproductive tissues, including immune cells. these hormones exert their functions by binding to either specific intracellular receptors that act as ligand-dependent transcription factors or membrane receptors that stimulate several signal transduction pathways. the elevated susceptibility of males to bacterial infections can be related to the usually lower immune responses presented in males as compared to females. t ... | 2012 | 23509808 |
| role of sex steroid hormones in bacterial-host interactions. | sex steroid hormones play important physiological roles in reproductive and nonreproductive tissues, including immune cells. these hormones exert their functions by binding to either specific intracellular receptors that act as ligand-dependent transcription factors or membrane receptors that stimulate several signal transduction pathways. the elevated susceptibility of males to bacterial infections can be related to the usually lower immune responses presented in males as compared to females. t ... | 2012 | 23509808 |
| innate immune response to oral bacteria and the immune evasive characteristics of periodontal pathogens. | periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of periodontal tissue caused by subgingival plaque-associated bacteria. periodontitis has long been understood to be the result of an excessive host response to plaque bacteria. in addition, periodontal pathogens have been regarded as the causative agents that induce a hyperinflammatory response from the host. in this brief review, host-microbe interaction of nonperiodontopathic versus periodontopathic bacteria with innate immune components encountered in ... | 2013 | 23507986 |
| periodontitis and systemic diseases: a literature review. | studies have revealed possible link between periodontitis and different systemic diseases. there is need to review this interesting subject. the aims are: to provide a comprehensive literature that can easily be consulted, on the subject; to draw the attention of health practitioners to the impact of oral health on the general well-being; and to emphasize the need for a deeper interaction between medical and dental training. the medline database was searched for relevant literature by combining ... | 2012 | 23493942 |
| subgingival bacterial burden in relation to clinical and radiographic periodontal parameters. | this cross-sectional study characterizes the association between subgingival bacterial profile and periodontal parameters in patients assigned to coronary angiography because of cardiologic problems, which may affect the oral microbiota. | 2013 | 23489235 |
| the low incidence of diversity-generating retroelements in sequenced genomes. | the insertion of a retrotransposable element is usually associated with adverse or, at best, neutral effects on the host. diversity-generating retroelements (dgrs) are the first elements that seem to offer a direct selective advantage to their phage or prokaryote host by exact replacement of a short, defined region of a host gene with a hypermutated variant. in a previous study, we presented the software digref for identification of dgrs in genome sequences, and compiled the first comprehensive ... | 2012 | 23481467 |
| exploiting quorum sensing to confuse bacterial pathogens. | cell-cell communication, or quorum sensing, is a widespread phenomenon in bacteria that is used to coordinate gene expression among local populations. its use by bacterial pathogens to regulate genes that promote invasion, defense, and spread has been particularly well documented. with the ongoing emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, there is a current need for development of alternative therapeutic strategies. an antivirulence approach by which quorum sensing is impeded has caught on as ... | 2013 | 23471618 |
| improved culture conditions for the growth and detection of borrelia from human serum. | in this report we present a method to cultivate borrelia spirochetes from human serum samples with high efficiency. this method incorporates improved sample collection, optimization of culture media and use of matrix protein. the method was first optimized utilizing borrelia laboratory strains, and later by demonstrating growth of borrelia from sera from fifty seropositive lyme disease patients followed by another cohort of 72 lyme disease patients, all of whom satisfied the strict cdc surveilla ... | 2013 | 23470960 |
| the major outer sheath protein (msp) of treponema denticola has a bipartite domain architecture and exists as periplasmic and outer membrane-spanning conformers. | the major outer sheath protein (msp) is a primary virulence determinant in treponema denticola, as well as the parental ortholog for the treponema pallidum repeat (tpr) family in the syphilis spirochete. the conserved domain database (cdd) server revealed that msp contains two conserved domains, major outer sheath protein(n) (mosp(n)) and mosp(c), spanning residues 77 to 286 and 332 to 543, respectively, within the n- and c-terminal regions of the protein. circular dichroism (cd) spectroscopy, t ... | 2013 | 23457251 |
| polymicrobial infection with major periodontal pathogens induced periodontal disease and aortic atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic apoe(null) mice. | periodontal disease (pd) and atherosclerosis are both polymicrobial and multifactorial and although observational studies supported the association, the causative relationship between these two diseases is not yet established. polymicrobial infection-induced periodontal disease is postulated to accelerate atherosclerotic plaque growth by enhancing atherosclerotic risk factors of orally infected apolipoprotein e deficient (apoe(null)) mice. at 16 weeks of infection, samples of blood, mandible, ma ... | 2013 | 23451182 |
| the tp0796 lipoprotein of treponema pallidum is a bimetal-dependent fad pyrophosphatase with a potential role in flavin homeostasis. | treponema pallidum, an obligate parasite of humans and the causative agent of syphilis, has evolved the capacity to exploit host-derived metabolites for its survival. flavin-containing compounds are essential cofactors that are required for metabolic processes in all living organisms, and riboflavin is a direct precursor of the cofactors fmn and fad. unlike many pathogenic bacteria, treponema pallidum cannot synthesize riboflavin; we recently described a flavin-uptake mechanism composed of an ab ... | 2013 | 23447540 |
| genetic analysis of porphyromonas gingivalis (fima), aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and red complex in coronary plaque. | the objective of the present study was to detect the presence of porphyromonas gingivalis (fima), aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and red complex in the coronary plaque of patients with coronary artery disease. | 2014 | 23447375 |
| clinical, microbiological, and salivary biomarker profiles of dental implant patients with type 2 diabetes. | regulators of peri-implant bone loss in patients with diabetes appear to involve multiple risk factors that have not been clearly elucidated. this study was conducted to explore putative local etiologic factors on implant bone loss in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus, including clinical, microbial, salivary biomarker, and psychosocial factors. | 2013 | 23445216 |
| clinical, microbiological, and salivary biomarker profiles of dental implant patients with type 2 diabetes. | regulators of peri-implant bone loss in patients with diabetes appear to involve multiple risk factors that have not been clearly elucidated. this study was conducted to explore putative local etiologic factors on implant bone loss in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus, including clinical, microbial, salivary biomarker, and psychosocial factors. | 2013 | 23445216 |
| patterns of prokaryotic lateral gene transfers affecting parasitic microbial eukaryotes. | the influence of lateral gene transfer on gene origins and biology in eukaryotes is poorly understood compared with those of prokaryotes. a number of independent investigations focusing on specific genes, individual genomes, or specific functional categories from various eukaryotes have indicated that lateral gene transfer does indeed affect eukaryotic genomes. however, the lack of common methodology and criteria in these studies makes it difficult to assess the general importance and influence ... | 2013 | 23442822 |
| molecular mapping to species level of the tonsillar crypt microbiota associated with health and recurrent tonsillitis. | the human palatine tonsils, which belong to the central antigen handling sites of the mucosal immune system, are frequently affected by acute and recurrent infections. this study compared the microbiota of the tonsillar crypts in children and adults affected by recurrent tonsillitis with that of healthy adults and children with tonsillar hyperplasia. an in-depth 16s rrna gene based pyrosequencing approach combined with a novel strategy that included phylogenetic analysis and detection of species ... | 2013 | 23437130 |
| role of an iron-dependent transcriptional regulator in the pathogenesis and host response to infection with streptococcus pneumoniae. | iron is a critical cofactor for many enzymes and is known to regulate gene expression in many bacterial pathogens. streptococcus pneumoniae normally inhabits the upper respiratory mucosa but can also invade and replicate in lungs and blood. these anatomic sites vary considerably in both the quantity and form of available iron. the genome of serotype 4 pneumococcal strain tigr4 encodes a putative iron-dependent transcriptional regulator (idtr). a mutant deleted at idtr (δidtr) exhibited growth ki ... | 2013 | 23437050 |
| spa: a short peptide assembler for metagenomic data. | the metagenomic paradigm allows for an understanding of the metabolic and functional potential of microbes in a community via a study of their proteins. the substrate for protein identification is either the set of individual nucleotide reads generated from metagenomic samples or the set of contig sequences produced by assembling these reads. however, a read-based strategy using reads generated by next-generation sequencing (ngs) technologies, results in an overwhelming majority of partial-lengt ... | 2013 | 23435317 |
| prevalence of periodontal pathogens and metabolic control of type 1 diabetes patients. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal pathogens aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola in subgingival plaque collected at different probing depths of type 1 diabetes patients with periodontal disease in correlation to metabolic control. | 2013 | 23413629 |
| [relationship between volatile fatty acids and porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola in gingival crevicular fluids of patients with aggressive periodontitis]. | short chain fatty acids (scfas), such as succinic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, etc. are metabolic product of putative periodontal pathogens, which play significant roles in periodontitis. the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis), treponema denticola (t. denticola), and the concentration of scfas in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) of patients with aggressive periodontitis (agp). | 2013 | 23411512 |
| experimental gingivitis induces systemic inflammatory markers in young healthy individuals: a single-subject interventional study. | we here investigated whether experimental gingivitis enhances systemic markers of inflammation which are also known as surrogate markers of atherosclerotic plaque development. | 2013 | 23408963 |
| treponema diversity in root canals with endodontic failure. | this study sought to investigate the prevalence of eight oral treponemas (treponema denticola, t. amylovorum, t. maltophilum, t. medium, t. pectinovorum, t. socranskii, t. vicentii and t. lecithinolyticum) in teeth with endodontic treatment failure and periapical lesion. | 2013 | 23408792 |
| evidence for an abc-type riboflavin transporter system in pathogenic spirochetes. | bacterial transporter proteins are involved in the translocation of many essential nutrients and metabolites. however, many of these key bacterial transport systems remain to be identified, including those involved in the transport of riboflavin (vitamin b(2)). pathogenic spirochetes lack riboflavin biosynthetic pathways, implying reliance on obtaining riboflavin from their hosts. using structural and functional characterizations of possible ligand-binding components, we have identified an abc-t ... | 2013 | 23404400 |
| the anti-phospholipid antibody-dependent and independent effects of periodontopathic bacteria on threatened preterm labor and preterm birth. | periodontal disease is considered to be a risk factor for threatened preterm labor (tpl) and preterm birth (pb), but pathogenic mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. we hypothesized that infection with periodontopathic bacteria may enhance thrombosis through molecular mimicry with tlrvyk peptides on beta-2 glycoprotein i, a target molecule in anti-phospholipid syndrome. this study aimed to examine the effects of periodontitis on tpl and pb. | 2013 | 23400354 |
| multilocus sequence analysis of treponema denticola strains of diverse origin. | the oral spirochete bacterium treponema denticola is associated with both the incidence and severity of periodontal disease. although the biological or phenotypic properties of a significant number of t. denticola isolates have been reported in the literature, their genetic diversity or phylogeny has never been systematically investigated. here, we describe a multilocus sequence analysis (mlsa) of 20 of the most highly studied reference strains and clinical isolates of t. denticola; which were o ... | 2013 | 23379917 |
| arteriovenous malformation (avm) of the maxilla complicated by a local pathogen infection. | arteriovenous malformations (avm) are usually observed on the skin, but they can also rarely affect the visceral organs and the maxillofacial area. in the maxillofacial area, these lesions can spread and they are potentially dangerous, as a biopsy or even a simple tooth extraction can lead to a catastrophic haemorrhage that may eventually cause death. there are several indications for the treatment, including age, size and type of vascular malformation. the purpose of this report is to describe ... | 2013 | 23376660 |
| the prosthodontic management of a young edentulous patient with the papillon lefevre syndrome-a rare case report. | the papillon lefevre syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder which is characterized by various dermatological manifestations and periodontitis as a manifestation of a systemic disease. its aetiopathogenesis is thought to be secondary to the mutation of the cathepsin c gene. various studies have shown that the immune related cells like the polymorphonuclear leucocytes and the macrophages and their precursors were affected.this report elicits about an edentulous male with this syndrome, who wa ... | 2012 | 23373060 |
| does propolis help to maintain oral health? | propolis, known also as bee glue, is a wax-cum-resin substance which is created out of a mix of buds from some trees with the substance secreted from bee's glands. its diverse chemical content is responsible for its many precious salubrious properties. it was used in medicine already in ancient egypt. its multiple applications during the centuries have been studied and described in details. the purpose of this study is to present the possible use of propolis in treatment of various diseases of o ... | 2013 | 23365605 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles mediate coaggregation and piggybacking of treponema denticola and lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum. | porphyromonas gingivalis sheds outer membrane vesicles that contain several virulence factors, including adhesins. in this study, we investigated the ability of p. gingivalis outer membrane vesicles to mediate the coaggregation and piggybacking of treponema denticola and lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum. marked coaggregation between t. denticola and l. saburreum occurred in the presence of p. gingivalis outer membrane vesicles. sucrose was an effective chemoattractant for the motile species t. dent ... | 2013 | 23365576 |
| the surface layer of tannerella forsythia contributes to serum resistance and oral bacterial coaggregation. | tannerella forsythia is an anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium involved in the so-called "red complex," which is associated with severe and chronic periodontitis. the surface layer (s-layer) of t. forsythia is composed of cell surface glycoproteins, such as tfsa and tfsb, and is known to play a role in adhesion/invasion and suppression of proinflammatory cytokine expression. here we investigated the association of this s-layer with serum resistance and coaggregation with other oral bacteria. the ... | 2013 | 23357386 |
| a novel 3-sulfinopropionyl coenzyme a (3sp-coa) desulfinase from advenella mimigardefordensis strain dpn7t acting as a key enzyme during catabolism of 3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid is a member of the acyl-coa dehydrogenase superfamily. | 3-sulfinopropionyl coenzyme a (3sp-coa) desulfinase (acddpn7) is a new desulfinase that catalyzes the sulfur abstraction from 3sp-coa in the betaproteobacterium advenella mimigardefordensis strain dpn7(t). during investigation of a tn5::mob-induced mutant defective in growth on 3,3'-dithiodipropionate (dtdp) and also 3-sulfinopropionate (3sp), the transposon insertion was mapped to an open reading frame with the highest homology to an acyl-coa dehydrogenase (acd) from burkholderia phenoliruptrix ... | 2013 | 23354747 |
| metagenomic analysis of subgingival microbiota following non-surgical periodontal therapy: a pilot study. | this study tested the feasibility of a high throughput metagenomic approach to analyze the pre- and posttreatment of subgingival plaque in two subjects with aggressive periodontitis. dna was extracted from subgingival samples and subjected to pcr amplification of the c2-c4 regions of the 16s rdna using primers with bar codes to identify individual samples. the pcr products were pooled and sequenced for the v4 region of the 16s rdna using the 454 flx standard platform. the results were analyzed f ... | 2012 | 23341849 |
| the gain and loss of chromosomal integron systems in the treponema species. | integron systems are now recognized as important agents of bacterial evolution and are prevalent in most environments. one of the human pathogens known to harbor chromosomal integrons, the treponema spirochetes are the only clade among spirochete species found to carry integrons. with the recent release of many new treponema genomes, we were able to study the distribution of chromosomal integrons in this genus. | 2013 | 23339550 |
| antibody and t cell responses to fusobacterium nucleatum and treponema denticola in health and chronic periodontitis. | the characteristics of the t cell response to the members of oral flora are poorly understood. we characterized the antibody and t cell responses to fada and td92, adhesins from fusobacterium nucleatum, an oral commensal, and treponema denticola, a periodontal pathogen, respectively. peripheral blood and saliva were obtained from healthy individuals and patients with untreated chronic periodontitis (cp, n = 11 paris) and after successful treatment of the disease (n = 9). the levels of antigen-sp ... | 2013 | 23335969 |
| periodontal conditions during the pregnancy associated with periodontal pathogens. | to describe the bacterial associations in the periodontal pockets of pregnant women and to correlate the presence of prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythia (t. forsythia), treponema denticola (t. denticola), aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and porphyromona gingivalis (p. gingivalis) with periodontal parameters of severity. | 2012 | 23335585 |
| clinical and microbiological results following nonsurgical periodontal therapy with or without local administration of piperacillin/tazobactam. | we assessed if adjunct administration of piperacillin/tazobactam added clinical and microbiological treatment benefits. | 2013 | 23334268 |
| phylogenetic analysis of pbp genes in treponemes. | β-lactamases are the main cause of bacterial resistance to penicillin, cephalosporins, and related β-lactam compounds. the presence of the novel penicillin-binding protein (pbp) tp47 in treponema pallidum has been reported to be a well-known mechanism for turnover of b-lactam antibiotics. although, t. pallidum remains sensitive to penicillin, clinically significant resistance to macrolides has emerged in many developing countries. the genome sequence of t. pallidum has shown the presence of gene ... | 2013 | 23330059 |
| miswak: a periodontist's perspective. | meticulous plaque control on a daily routine basis is the single most important step to achieve good oral health. herbal chewing sticks, commonly known as miswak, are among the ancient and traditional oral hygiene aids popular in india, pakistan, most of the arabian countries, and several african countries. but nowadays, because of low cost, free availability, unique chemical composition, and spiritual beliefs, miswak is being used worldwide. a large number of studies have proved that miswak is ... | 2012 | 23326088 |
| inflammasomes and host defenses against bacterial infections. | the inflammasome has emerged as an important molecular protein complex which initiates proteolytic processing of pro-il-1β and pro-il-18 into mature inflammatory cytokines. in addition, inflammasomes initiate pyroptotic cell death that may be independent of those cytokines. inflammasomes are central to elicit innate immune responses against many pathogens, and are key components in the induction of host defenses following bacterial infection. here, we review recent discoveries related to nlrp1, ... | 2013 | 23318142 |
| association between selected oral pathogens and gastric precancerous lesions. | we examined whether colonization of selected oral pathogens is associated with gastric precancerous lesions in a cross-sectional study. a total of 119 participants were included, of which 37 were cases of chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, or dysplasia. an oral examination was performed to measure periodontal indices. plaque and saliva samples were tested with real-time quantitative pcr for dna levels of pathogens related to periodontal disease (porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerel ... | 2013 | 23308100 |
| the subgingival microbiome in health and periodontitis and its relationship with community biomass and inflammation. | the goals of this study were to better understand the ecology of oral subgingival communities in health and periodontitis and elucidate the relationship between inflammation and the subgingival microbiome. accordingly, we used 454-pyrosequencing of 16s rrna gene libraries and quantitative pcr to characterize the subgingival microbiome of 22 subjects with chronic periodontitis. each subject was sampled at two sites with similar periodontal destruction but differing in the presence of bleeding, a ... | 2013 | 23303375 |
| [expression of cytokines in dentogingival sulcus in patients after dental implantation and during development of peri-implantitis]. | determination of cytokine content in various areas of dentition in patients with peri-implantitis associated with parodontopathogenic bacteria species of i and ii order. | 2012 | 23297645 |
| treponema denticola associates with increased levels of mmp-8 and mmp-9 in gingival crevicular fluid. | objectives: the aim was to assess the association between the presence of site-specific subgingival micro-organisms and the levels of matrix metalloproteinases-8 and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (mmp-8 and mmp-9) in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf). materials and methods: the patient group consisted of 56 subjects with periodontitis and the control group of 43 subjects without periodontitis. gcf samples from four test sites for each subject were collected. polymerase chain reaction was used to det ... | 2012 | 23294114 |
| treponema pallidum infection in the wild baboons of east africa: distribution and genetic characterization of the strains responsible. | it has been known for decades that wild baboons are naturally infected with treponema pallidum, the bacterium that causes the diseases syphilis (subsp. pallidum), yaws (subsp. pertenue), and bejel (subsp. endemicum) in humans. recently, a form of t. pallidum infection associated with severe genital lesions has been described in wild baboons at lake manyara national park in tanzania. in this study, we investigated ten additional sites in tanzania and kenya using a combination of macroscopic obser ... | 2012 | 23284649 |
| detection of the a2058g and a2059g 23s rrna gene point mutations associated with azithromycin resistance in treponema pallidum by use of a taqman real-time multiplex pcr assay. | macrolide treatment failure in syphilis patients is associated with a single point mutation (either a2058g or a2059g) in both copies of the 23s rrna gene in treponema pallidum strains. the conventional method for the detection of both point mutations uses nested pcr combined with restriction enzyme digestions, which is laborious and time-consuming. we initially developed a taqman-based real-time duplex pcr assay for detection of the a2058g mutation, and upon discovery of the a2059g mutation, we ... | 2013 | 23284026 |
| vima mediates multiple functions that control virulence in porphyromonas gingivalis. | porphyromonas gingivalis, a black-pigmented, gram-negative anaerobe, is an important etiological agent of periodontal disease. its ability to survive in the periodontal pocket and orchestrate the microbial/host activities that can lead to disease suggest that p. gingivalis possesses a complex regulatory network involving transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. the vima (virulence modulating) gene is part of the 6.15-kb bcp-reca-vima-vime-vimf-arog locus and plays a role in oxidative ... | 2012 | 23279905 |
| vima mediates multiple functions that control virulence in porphyromonas gingivalis. | porphyromonas gingivalis, a black-pigmented, gram-negative anaerobe, is an important etiological agent of periodontal disease. its ability to survive in the periodontal pocket and orchestrate the microbial/host activities that can lead to disease suggest that p. gingivalis possesses a complex regulatory network involving transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. the vima (virulence modulating) gene is part of the 6.15-kb bcp-reca-vima-vime-vimf-arog locus and plays a role in oxidative ... | 2012 | 23279905 |
| validation of a quantitative real-time pcr assay and comparison with fluorescence microscopy and selective agar plate counting for species-specific quantification of an in vitro subgingival biofilm model. | subgingival biofilms are the prime etiological factor of periodontal disease. owing to their complex polymicrobial nature, quantification of individual bacterial species within the biofilm for research and diagnostic purposes can be methodologically challenging. the aims of this study were to establish a quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assay to quantify the bacteria used in our 10-species in vitro 'subgingival' biofilm model and to compare the quantitative outcome with fluorescence microscopy ... | 2012 | 23278531 |
| prevalence, biogenesis, and functionality of the serine protease autotransporter espp. | enterohemorrhagic e. coli (ehec) causes severe diseases in humans worldwide. one of its virulence factors is espp, which belongs to the serine protease autotransporters of enterobacteriaceae (spate) family. in this review we recapitulate the current data on prevalence, biogenesis, structural properties and functionality. espp has been used to investigate mechanistic details of autotransport, and recent studies indicate that this transport mechanism is not autonomous but rather dependent on addit ... | 2012 | 23274272 |
| prevalence, biogenesis, and functionality of the serine protease autotransporter espp. | enterohemorrhagic e. coli (ehec) causes severe diseases in humans worldwide. one of its virulence factors is espp, which belongs to the serine protease autotransporters of enterobacteriaceae (spate) family. in this review we recapitulate the current data on prevalence, biogenesis, structural properties and functionality. espp has been used to investigate mechanistic details of autotransport, and recent studies indicate that this transport mechanism is not autonomous but rather dependent on addit ... | 2012 | 23274272 |
| structure of the essential diversity-generating retroelement protein bavd and its functionally important interaction with reverse transcriptase. | diversity-generating retroelements (dgrs) are the only known source of massive protein sequence variation in prokaryotes. these elements transfer coding information from a template region (tr) through an rna intermediate to a protein-encoding variable region. this retrohoming process is accompanied by unique adenine-specific mutagenesis and, in the prototypical bpp-1 dgr, requires a reverse transcriptase (brt) and an accessory variability determinant (bavd) protein. to understand the role of bav ... | 2012 | 23273427 |
| structure of the essential diversity-generating retroelement protein bavd and its functionally important interaction with reverse transcriptase. | diversity-generating retroelements (dgrs) are the only known source of massive protein sequence variation in prokaryotes. these elements transfer coding information from a template region (tr) through an rna intermediate to a protein-encoding variable region. this retrohoming process is accompanied by unique adenine-specific mutagenesis and, in the prototypical bpp-1 dgr, requires a reverse transcriptase (brt) and an accessory variability determinant (bavd) protein. to understand the role of bav ... | 2012 | 23273427 |
| regulation of tlr2-mediated tolerance and cross-tolerance through irak4 modulation by mir-132 and mir-212. | innate immune response is the first defense against pathogens via recognition by various conserved pattern recognition receptors, such as tlrs, to initiate a rapid and strong cytokine alarm. tlr signaling-mediated cytokine production must be properly regulated to prevent pathological conditions deriving from overproduction of cytokines. in this study, the role of specific micrornas in tlr-signaling pathway was investigated to reveal the cross-interaction and -regulation in the myd88 pathway. in ... | 2012 | 23264652 |
| regulation of tlr2-mediated tolerance and cross-tolerance through irak4 modulation by mir-132 and mir-212. | innate immune response is the first defense against pathogens via recognition by various conserved pattern recognition receptors, such as tlrs, to initiate a rapid and strong cytokine alarm. tlr signaling-mediated cytokine production must be properly regulated to prevent pathological conditions deriving from overproduction of cytokines. in this study, the role of specific micrornas in tlr-signaling pathway was investigated to reveal the cross-interaction and -regulation in the myd88 pathway. in ... | 2012 | 23264652 |
| bana-positive plaque samples are associated with oral hygiene practices and not cd4+ t cell counts in hiv-positive patients. | background. the "red complex" microorganisms, namely, porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia are considered as potential pathogens causing hiv-associated periodontal diseases. moreover, it has been recognized that an association exists between cd4+ t cell counts and periodontal disease progression. objective. to establish whether cd4+ t cell counts or oral hygiene plays a greater role in producing bana-positive results in hiv-associated periodontal disease. mater ... | 2012 | 23258979 |
| real-time pcr quantification of methanobrevibacter oralis in periodontitis. | a real-time pcr assay developed to quantify methanobrevibacter oralis indicated that its inoculum significantly correlated with periodontitis severity (p = 0.003), despite a nonsignificant difference in prevalence between controls (3/10) and patients (12/22) (p = 0.2, fisher test). the m. oralis load can be used as a biomarker for periodontitis. | 2013 | 23254133 |
| conservation and revised annotation of the treponema denticola prcb-prca-prtp locus encoding the dentilisin (ctlp) protease complex. | interstrain differences in antigenic surface proteins may reflect immunological pressure or differences in receptor specificity of the antigen. treponema denticola exhibits considerable interstrain variability in its major surface protein (msp), but no studies have addressed this issue in dentilisin (ctlp), a surface protease complex that has a significant role in t. denticola-host interactions in periodontal disease. furthermore, the genome annotation of the prcb-prca-prtp operon encoding denti ... | 2012 | 23253337 |
| conservation and revised annotation of the treponema denticola prcb-prca-prtp locus encoding the dentilisin (ctlp) protease complex. | interstrain differences in antigenic surface proteins may reflect immunological pressure or differences in receptor specificity of the antigen. treponema denticola exhibits considerable interstrain variability in its major surface protein (msp), but no studies have addressed this issue in dentilisin (ctlp), a surface protease complex that has a significant role in t. denticola-host interactions in periodontal disease. furthermore, the genome annotation of the prcb-prca-prtp operon encoding denti ... | 2012 | 23253337 |
| microbial interactions in building of communities. | establishment of a community is considered to be essential for microbial growth and survival in the human oral cavity. biofilm communities have increased resilience to physical forces, antimicrobial agents and nutritional variations. specific cell-to-cell adherence processes, mediated by adhesin-receptor pairings on respective microbial surfaces, are able to direct community development. these interactions co-localize species in mutually beneficial relationships, such as streptococci, veillonell ... | 2012 | 23253299 |
| microbial interactions in building of communities. | establishment of a community is considered to be essential for microbial growth and survival in the human oral cavity. biofilm communities have increased resilience to physical forces, antimicrobial agents and nutritional variations. specific cell-to-cell adherence processes, mediated by adhesin-receptor pairings on respective microbial surfaces, are able to direct community development. these interactions co-localize species in mutually beneficial relationships, such as streptococci, veillonell ... | 2012 | 23253299 |
| papillon-lefèvre syndrome: a series of six cases in the same family. | papillon-lefèvre syndrome (pls) is a rare, autosomal recessive heterogeneous disorder, which is characterized by palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, early loss of primary and permanent teeth, and associated calcification of the dura mater. herein we described six cases of pls in the same family. in this series, six cases (two females and four males) with the mean age of 15.6 ± 10.4 years were recruited. palmoplantar hyperkeratosis was detected in all of the cases, leading to a difficult and painful wal ... | 2012 | 23251811 |