Publications

bedmaking. a work study in hong kong.		1968	5723627
unpredictable bug.		1968	5698743
influenza vaccine: a long way from hong kong.		1968	5687814
asian influenza (again)--1968 version.		1968	5683471
human rights year 1968...applies to britain too.		1968	5643116
severe influenza virus pneumonia in the pandemic of 1968-1969.		1971	5578569
bacterial pneumonia during the hong kong influenza epidemic of 1968-1969.		1971	5578560
viral investigation of the 1968-69 hong kong influenza epidemic in ceylon.		1970	5514120
the meaning of the appearance of hong kong influenza.		1970	5504430
[a2-hongkong influenza in eisenhüttenstadt in 1969 and 1970].		1970	5487978
[the influenza of 1968-1970].		1970	5467938
epidemic disease in hong kong, 1968, associated with an antigenic variant of asian influenza virus.		1970	5466726
hong kong influenza: the coming winter.		1970	5439151
studies on the viruses of asiatic influenza. vii. hong kong influenza.		1970	5438563
influenza.		1970	5436531
[clinical peculiarities of type a2 hong kong influenza in 1969].		1970	5434080
epidemic influenza on a naval vessel in hong kong, 1968.		1970	5415577
[isolation and identification of a2-hong kong-68 virus in rio de janeiro].		1969	5311457
national influenza experience in hong kong, 1968.	although its origin is uncertain, the 1968 influenza epidemic in hong kong may have spread from the mainland of china. it began in hong kong on 13 july and reached its maximum intensity in 2 weeks, lasting some 6 weeks in all. about 15% of the population was affected, but the mortality rate was low and the clinical symptoms were mild. the causative strain was isolated on 17 july and, because of its antigenic deviation from 1967 a2 strains, was sent to the world influenza centre in london and the ...	1969	5309438
an antigenic variant of the hong kong-68 influenza a 2 virus.	both the haemagglutinin and the neuraminidase of influenza a2 virus have undergone progressive antigenic drift since this subtype first appeared in 1957.in 1968 a strain showing a much greater antigenic difference was isolated in hong kong. this variant has been responsible for epidemics throughout the world in the past 2 years.in the second year of its prevalence a small proportion of strains isolated showed a small but definite antigenic change, related principally to the haemagglutinin compon ...	1971	5291756
hong kong influenza. serological, immunochemical and epidemiologic studies.		1969	5266444
[influenza - the virus from hong kong].		1968	5191369
"hong kong influenza".		1968	5188799
studies on the origin of pandemic influenza. ii. peptide maps of the light and heavy polypeptide chains from the hemagglutinin subunits of a 2 influenza viruses isolated before and after the appearance of hong kong influenza.		1972	5024608
specificities of human antibodies to australia antigen.		1970	4986746
the effect of vaccine on a closed epidemic of hong kong influenza.		1970	4909054
letter: antibody response to a-england-42-72 influenza vaccine.		1973	4752323
contemporary population densities and human health.		1973	4743632
plaque formation by clinical isolates of influenza a2-hong kong.		1973	4720401
the origin of pandemic strains of influenza. evidence from studies of the structure of the hemagglutinin subunits.		1972	4672019
protection against hong kong influenza.		1972	4653894
studies on the origin of pandemic influenza. 3. evidence implicating duck and equine influenza viruses as possible progenitors of the hong kong strain of human influenza.		1973	4632653
[tasks in the prevention and therapy of viral grippe].		1974	4610907
antiviral activity of rimantadine, virological, pathomorphological, and clinical studies.		1973	4588827
the efficacy of live and inactivated vaccines of hong kong influenza virus in an industrial community. a report to the medical research council committee on influenza and other respiratory virus vaccines.	intranasal vaccines of inactivated or living attentuated a2/hong kong influenza viruses were compared for clinical acceptability, serological effects and protective efficiency against natural epidemic influenza in a large industrial and clerical population.neither vaccine resulted in any significant untoward side-effects. the serum haemagglutination-inhibiting (hi) antibody response within 1 month of vaccination was similar with both vaccines; approximately 50% of those with little or no pre-vac ...	1973	4588772
characterization of the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens of some recent avian type a influenzavirus isolates from hong kong.	during 1969 type a influenzaviruses were isolated from three outbreaks of disease among domestic ducks in hong kong. the isolates were characterized in haemagglutination inhibition and neuraminidase inhibition tests with antisera to prototype avian and human influenza strains. a/duck/hong kong/46/69 and 120/69 contained haemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens related to those of a/turkey/wisconsin/66. the neuraminidases of these hong kong isolates, like that of turkey/wisconsin/66, were antige ...	1972	4541007
hong kong influenza in the royal air force 1968-70.	a prospective serological and clinical study of the epidemics due to the a2/hong kong/68 influenza virus was made during the winters 1968-9 and 1969-70 in volunteer subjects in the royal air force. in october 1968 nearly all subjects had haemagglutination inhibiting (hi) antibody to the a2/singapore/57 virus and more than half had antibody to strains more recently prevalent in britain. the proportion with hi antibody to a2/hong kong/68 increased from 31% in october 1968 (most at low titres) to 4 ...	1973	4518353
laboratory and clinical features of influenza a2 1971-72 in montreal.		1974	4473323
[editorial: influenza b].		1974	4446548
nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc).		1972	4333791
[experience with the hong kong influenza in tropical areas].		1970	4246557
antigenic variation in current influenza a viruses: evidence for a high frequency of antigenic 'drift' for the hong kong virus.	a new antigenic variant of the hong kong (h3n2) subtype of influenzavirus type a is described. the variant, a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2), was first isolated in australasia in the autumn of 1973 and subsequently became the predominant influenza a variant in most areas of the world, replacing the previously prevalent strain a/england/42/72 (h3n2). the 1973 variant shows antigenic differences from former hong kong variants in both haemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens. the application of immuno- ...	1974	4218138
use of single radial immunodiffusion test for serological studies in volunteers inoculated with live attenuated influenza virus.	pre- and post-vaccination serum samples from 278 volunteers, who were given live influenza vaccines, were tested by haemagglutination inhibition (hi) and single radial immunodiffusion tests(srdt) for antibody to influenza a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) virus envelope antigens. those with high antibody titres detected in both tests were less frequently infected, and 85% of the 159 infected showed rises by hi and 70% by srdt. similarly, 69 pairs were tested for antibody to hong kong (n2) neuraminidase by ...	1974	4214175
antigenic variants of influenza b virus.	from 1967 to 1971 little antigenic variation was detected in the prevalent influenza b viruses but in december 1972 a new antigenic variant of influenza b was isolated in hong kong from sporadic cases of influenza. the new variant, b/hong kong/5/72, possessed a haemagglutinin antigen which showed considerable antigenic differences from that of former influenza b strains while its neuraminidase antigen was closely related to that of the earlier, 1967-71, isolates. the b/hong kong/5/72 variant bec ...	1973	4201694
outbreak of a2-hong kong-68 influenza at an international medical conference.		1969	4178014
the hong kong-68 influenza a2 variant.		1968	4177941
development of antibodies to neuraminidase of a2-hong kong and a2-taiwan influenza viruses after administration of different hong kong vaccines and after natural infection in humans.		1973	4148207
coughs and grunts.		1972	4116562
studies on the origin of pandemic influenza. i. antigenic analysis of a 2 influenza viruses isolated before and after the appearance of hong kong influenza using antisera to the isolated hemagglutinin subunits.		1972	4112502
population genetics of biomphalaria straminea in hong kong. a neotropical schistosome-transmitting snail recently introduced into china.	since its introduction in the early 1970s biomphalaria straminea (gastropoda: planorbidae) has spread rapidly and is locally the most abundant fresh water snail in hong kong. studies of 19 electrophoretically detected loci in four populations show that the colonists retain high levels of variability (p = 0.26, h = 0.056 - 0.097), comparable with those found in autochthonous samples of related species. genotype frequencies at the five polymorphic loci, and a comparison of maternal and progeny gen ...	1985	4056366
development of the human nervous system in fetuses of chinese descent--from 80 mm (4 month) to 240 mm cr (end of 7 month gestation).	important regional developments--e.g. histogenesis of areas of cortices, genesis of thalamic nuclei as well as gross morphogenesis remain to be elucidated. the present investigation is an attempt to commence a series of studies to obtain such information.	1985	4014713
further observations on the first documented outbreak of trichinosis in hong kong.	the first documented report of human trichinosis in hong kong is described comprising an outbreak amongst 20 gurkha soldiers following a barbecue. the cardinal clinical features were fever, myalgia and facial oedema and the most useful laboratory tests were eosinophilia and elevated levels of creatinine phosphokinase. gastrointestinal symptoms were uncommon. seven patients who developed electrocardiographic abnormalities are the subject of an ongoing study. four patients had psychiatric manifest ...	1986	3798532
organization of the zeta-alpha genes in chinese.	analysis of alpha and zeta genes in 101 healthy normals and hospitalized patients with non-haematological diseases revealed a 3% incidence of alpha thalassaemia in the local chinese population of hong kong. triple alpha genes were found in only one person while triple zeta genes were more prevalent, occurring in 13 subjects. studies of 28 unselected patients with hb h disease indicated a predominance of the rightward alpha gene deletion. the extent of alpha gene deletion in homozygous alpha thal ...	1986	3756105
intake of cantonese-style salted fish as a cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.	ho (1971) of hong kong first proposed consumption of cantonese-style salted fish, a traditional food among southern chinese, as a possible risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) in this high-risk population. four case-control studies have examined ho's hypothesis; all results are supportive. the most convincing evidence of a causal association between intake of salted fish and npc derives from a recent case-control study of young hong kong chinese. it is estimated that over 90% of npc ca ...	1987	3679441
the many epidemiological faces of aids with special reference to hong kong and implications for prevention and control.	by 1987, only 3 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) had been reported in hong kong. all 3 involved males who had been infected through sexual contact with a european or north american. in 2 cases, the sexual contact was homosexual; the 3rd case involved a man who had frequent sexual contact in new york and miami with female prostitutes. the government of hong kong moved rapidly to establish an aids expert advisory committee to carry out a public educational campaign and formula ...	1987	3452402
human rabies in hong kong: a case review.	five human rabies cases were reported in hong kong between 1980 and 1984. a review of their clinical data showed only 2 had a definite history of dog bite, while 3 were residents in the infected area. the human outbreak concurred with the epizootic of canine rabies. however, only two cases were diagnosed ante-mortem. two cases were not even suspected as rabies until proven by post mortem pathological examination. three of five cases presented as non-specific encephalitis. all the patients died, ...	1987	3446009
the maintenance of human rights.		1988	3253158
manifestations and treatment of 793 cases of decompression sickness in a compressed air tunneling project in hong kong.	in the largest compressed air tunneling contract for the construction of the island line of the mass transit railway system in hong kong, 154,390 man-decompressions occurred, of which 142,140 were after exposures to 1 bar (1.97 ata, 14.7 psig) or above. the maximum working pressure (mwp) was 3.30 bar (4.26 ata, 47.9 psig). there were 792 cases of type i and 1 case of type ii decompression sickness. the manifestations of the cases were generally similar to those reported elsewhere. oxygen treatme ...	1988	3201634
serological evidence of hantaan-related viruses in hong kong.	sera from rats (rattus norvegicus), domestic animals and man in hong kong were studied by immunofluorescent antibody assay and plaque reduction neutralization tests for evidence of infection by hantaan-related viruses. antibody probably arising from infection by seoul or a seoul-like virus was detected in rat and human sera (and one pig serum), highlighting the potential public health importance of this group of viruses in hong kong, and in the region.	1987	3120366
characteristics and distribution of beta thalassemia haplotypes in south china.	eleven restriction site polymorphisms in the beta-globin gene cluster were determined in 48 chinese with homozygous beta-thalassemia and their parents. seven haplotypes were identified as associated with the beta thal chromosome and 25 with the beta a chromosome. the distribution of the various beta thal haplotypes in different regions of south china was mapped and discussed in relation to prenatal diagnosis and migration of the chinese people.	1986	3011644
molecular epidemiology of human rotavirus infection in children in hong kong.	rotavirus was identified in 256 (28.5%) of 899 hospitalized children with diarrhea during a 12-month period in hong kong. fourteen electropherotypes were identified, and the appearance of each occurred in a sequential manner during the study period. one patient was shown to be mixedly infected with two prevalent electropherotypes. sequential stool specimens from another case showed the appearance of an extra rna band during the course of the diarrheal episode.	1986	3007572
seroepidemiological studies on nasopharyngeal carcinoma in china.		1985	2994402
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: hla-dr and -dq genotyping in three ethnic groups.	human genomic dna samples from caucasoids, chinese, and koreans of known serological dr antigen specificity were studied for iddm-associated variation in hla-dr and -dq rflps (restriction fragment length polymorphisms). genotyping allowed for accurate assignment of hla-dr types and in caucasoids drw6 as well as dr2 was unequivocally decreased in iddm. further, the universality of certain dr2-associated dq beta subtypes in protection against iddm was established. hla-dr3 was found to be increased ...	1987	2901933
genetic polymorphism of natural epstein-barr virus isolates from infectious mononucleosis patients and healthy carriers.	we analyzed epstein-barr virus (ebv) genomes from lymphoblastoid cell lines isolated from patients with infectious mononucleosis and from healthy subjects from california, hawaii, and hong kong between 1970 and 1987. using genetic polymorphism as epidemiological markers, we found that several genotypes of ebv cocirculate in a community and that although most ebv strains isolated from california and southern china may be differentiated genotypically, there was no specific association between geno ...	1988	2901499
epstein-barr virus infections among university students in a tropical country.		1988	2846671
reproductive performance of patients with gestational trophoblastic disease in hong kong.	the reproductive performance of 110 patients who had had gestational trophoblastic disease was reviewed. there were 160 pregnancies and their outcomes were similar to that of the general population. the subfertility rate was also comparable to the general population. the high rate of failure of contraception resulting in a high rate of conception during the first year of follow-up warrants special attention. reasons for the high failure rate and ways of prevention are discussed. reasons for the ...	1988	2845704
occurrence of rotaviruses in guangzhou and hong kong.	electropherotypes of human rotavirus (hrv) isolated from hong kong and guangzhou were compared to study the transmission of hrv between the cities. forty-one electropherotypes were identified from 418 hospitalized patients with hrv infection at the queen mary hospital, and 22 were detected from 66 outpatients in community clinics at a separate area in hong kong. nineteen electropherotypes were detected in 370 hospitalized cases of hrv infection from seven hospitals in guangzhou. results showed t ...	1988	2826616
organochlorine chemicals in human breast milk in hong kong.	the results of a small-scale survey of organochlorine contaminants in human breast milk are presented and compared to previous data from 1976 for hong kong, and to reported data from elsewhere. concentrations of p,p ddt, dieldrin and hexachlorobenzene (hcb) in recent breast milk samples were slightly but significantly lower than those in samples taken a decade previously in hong kong. however, levels of gamma-hch (hexachlorocyclohexane) were higher in the more recent samples. the concentrations ...	1989	2774666
analysis of some individual risk factors for decompression sickness in hong kong.	individual risk factors for decompression sickness (dcs) were studied in 932 men who had worked for 12 shifts or more at maximum working pressure (mwp) of 1 bar or above in a compressed air tunneling project in hong kong. two dependent variables were used: presence or absence of bends and number of bends experienced by a man. three hundred and fifty-six men (38.2%) had one or more bends. univariate analysis showed that many variables were associated with presence or absence of bends. logistic re ...	1989	2773160
irritant contact dermatitis due to the herbal oil, black man oil.		1989	2721189
immunophenotypic analysis of sinonasal non-hodgkin's lymphomas.	a panel of paraffin effective antibodies recognizing b cells and t cells (ln-2, mb1, l26, mt1, uchl1, kappa, lambda) was used to characterize the immunophenotypes of 26 sinonasal non-hodgkin's lymphomas. seventeen tumors were stage i, five were stage ii, one was stage iii, and three were stage iv. nine lymphomas were classified morphologically as large cell, six were large cell immunoblastic, six were small cleaved cell, two were mixed small and large cell, two were small noncleaved cell, and on ...	1989	2661407
multiple sclerosis amongst chinese in hong kong.	a territory-wide investigation of southern chinese patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) was conducted in hong kong. there were 47 patients, 35 of whom were clinically definite (cdms), 6 laboratory-supported definite (lsdms) and 6 clinically probable (cpms). the prevalence rate was 0.88 per 10(5) population, which is of the same order as in other oriental populations but much lower than in caucasoid populations. comparisons with major oriental and caucasian series showed essentially the same cli ...	1989	2597990
molecular epidemiology and restriction site mapping of adenovirus type 3 genome types.	one hundred thirty-eight strains of adenovirus type 3 isolated from patients in the united states, west germany, and other regions between 1961 and 1984 were analyzed with six restriction endonucleases; 18 genome types were found. bglii was the most discriminative enzyme. mapping of altered restriction sites was also performed for all six enzymes. the genome types d1 (like the prototype) and d3 prevailed among 45 and 47 strains, respectively. all genome types could be divided into two groups rel ...	1989	2546977
reproductive and sexual risk factors and human papilloma virus infection in cervical cancer among hong kong chinese.	in this case-control study of cervical neoplasia in hong kong, 48 dysplasia and 68 cancer patients were matched with 116 surgical in-patient controls. the cases had an earlier age at first intercourse and more sex partners than the controls. the cases' husbands also had more sex partners and were less likely to use condoms regularly. in a multiple regression model the odds ratio were 6.0 (95% confidence interval 2.5-14.6) for the husband having more than one sex partner, 4.0 (1.5-10.7) for the w ...	1989	2542172
acute viral hepatitis: aetiology and evolution.	over a period of three and a half years, 348 consecutive children with acute hepatitis were studied. there were 205 boys and 143 girls aged from 3 months to 12 years old. the most common type was hepatitis a, of which there were 281 cases, 81% of the total; there were 41 in the under 4 years old age group (63% of that group), 99 in the 5-8 year old age group (87% of that group) and 141 in the 8-12 year old age group (83% of that group). hepatitis b occurred in 29 (8% of the total), and non-a, no ...	1989	2494951
scanning electron microscopy of black stain on human permanent teeth.	black stain may develop on the coronal surfaces of human teeth, and this type of stain is common in the hong kong chinese population. the present study was undertaken to ascertain if the deposit conforms in composition to the black stain found elsewhere, and to describe its ultrastructure using the scanning electron microscope. gram-stained smears were made from black stain on the teeth of 11 adult hong kong chinese and studied microscopically. from another 15 persons extracted teeth exhibiting ...	1987	2448873
lung cancer risk and mutagenicity of tea.	to study the possible association between drinking tea and lung cancer, epidemiological and experimental materials were collected from the chinese population in hong kong. in a retrospective study of 200 female lung cancer patients and 200 matched controls, all subjects were interviewed concerning their eating habits, smoking histories, and lifetime exposures to environmental pollutants. analysis of the data demonstrated an adjusted and statistically significant increased lung cancer risk of 2.7 ...	1990	2351126
factors that determine medical student interest in psychiatry.	our study of pre-medical and medical students attending the universities of british columbia, hong kong and otago, together with house surgeons, general practitioners, surgeons and psychiatrists in new zealand, demonstrated many agreements regarding both positive and negative factors affecting their interest in psychiatry. positive factors included: interest in human behaviour, personal aptitude, and quality of patient care. negative factors included: the stress of practising psychiatry, faculty ...	1990	2334390
chlorinated pesticides in foodstuffs in hong kong.	the movement of pesticides into and out of hong kong shows a high net gain of ddt and benzene hexachloride (bhc). 310 food samples were analyzed for total bhc and 1,854 food samples were analyzed for total ddt, total dde, and total tde. high levels of total bhc and total ddt were found in foodstuffs in hong kong. estimated daily ingestion of total bhc and total ddt were 10 and 9 times higher than that found in the united states of america. these results correlate with the known high body accumul ...	1990	2322022
streptococcus zooepidemicus (lancefield group c) septicaemia in hong kong.	the clinical findings relating to 11 patients in hong kong (hk) and to 43 patients described elsewhere, all with streptococcus zooepidemicus septicaemia, are reviewed. there was a particular association with cardiovascular disease (27%) with seven cases of endocarditis, three of abdominal aortic aneurysm and two of deep venous thrombosis. associations not previously reported included two cases of pharyngitis and two patients with persistent post-operative fever. the overall mortality was 22%. bo ...	1990	2273271
rearrangement of immunoglobulin, t-cell receptor, and bcl-2 genes in malignant lymphomas in hong kong.	the pattern of malignant lymphomas in the hong kong chinese population is characterized by a low incidence of hodgkin's disease and follicular lymphomas. the authors studied the immunoglobulin (ig), t-cell receptor (tcr), and bcl-2 gene rearrangement in 62 cases of malignant lymphoma in this population by southern blot hybridization. two cases of hodgkin's disease showed no rearrangement of the ig and tcr genes. all 42 cases of b-cell lymphoma had ig heavy chain (jh) rearrangement with or withou ...	1990	2208029
distinct populations of rotaviruses circulating among neonates and older infants.	we obtained three stool specimens from each of 371 neonates. two specimens were obtained between days 1 and 3 after birth, while they were in the hospital, and one specimen was obtained between days 6 and 14 after birth, after they had been discharged from the hospital. seventy neonates excreted human rotavirus (hrv) while they were in the hospital, and the incidence rate for the cohort was 0.094 episodes per infant day. the incidence rate of community-acquired neonatal infections was markedly r ...	1990	2161863
a prospective study of primary epstein-barr virus infections among university students in hong kong.	in 1988 at the chinese university of hong kong 1,039 entering freshmen were screened for antibody against the epstein-barr virus and 71 (6.8%) were negative. one year later, 16 (25.8%) of 62 negatives converted to positive with asymptomatic infections. there was seroconversion in 14 subjects who did not give histories of deep kissing. there was an association between antibody status of epstein-barr and cytomegaloviruses, but not between epstein-barr virus and human herpes virus type 6.	1990	2158753
human xanthine oxidase antibody levels: variation between males and females in chinese and europeans.	levels of antibody specific for xanthine oxidase (xodab) of the immunoglobulin classes igg, igm and iga have been determined in the sera of blood donors of chinese and european ethnic origin by immunoassay. no significant differences were found between the two ethnic groups. significant differences were found in the distribution, of xodab igm levels between chinese males and females and european males and females (chi 2 = 8.262, p = 0.025; chi 2 = 9.423, p = less than 0.001). since the age range ...	1991	2062188
human papillomavirus infection in the cervix of pregnant females in hong kong.	routine cytological examination and hpv-dna probing were performed on cervical cells obtained from 215 pregnant chinese females. the procedure utilized the specific binding of a mixture of complementary [32p]-labelled rna probes to membrane-bound target hpv dna types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35. positive results for hpv-dna were obtained in 11/215 (5%) of the cases. the cervical smears were routinely processed and in 3/215 (1.5%) cases a cytological diagnosis of wart virus infection was made. a ...	1990	1966325
hong kong. looking for livers, kidneys.		1991	1956388
an epidemiologic estimate of the critical period during which human maxillary central incisors are most susceptible to fluorosis.	the temporal relation between a declining fluorosis gradient and an abrupt downward shift in community drinking water fluoride concentration was evaluated through multiple correlation analysis to determine the critical time frame during which developing maxillary central incisors are most susceptible to fluoride challenge. fluorosis data were scrutinized through a time-related series of epidemiologic "windows" or time frames of varying lengths. the placement of these time frames was in turn rela ...	1991	1941778
comparison of the mortality and morbidity rate between proper and unconventional renal transplantation using organs from executed prisoners.		1991	1926466
penicillium marneffei: another pathogen to consider in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.		1991	1925299
a randomised controlled trial of recombinant interferon-gamma in chinese patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection.	nineteen chinese patients with chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection, seropositive for hbv e antigen (hbeag) and hbv dna on at least three occasions in 6 months, were randomised to receive either recombinant human interferon-gamma (rifn gamma) 0.1 mg/m2 intramuscularly thrice weekly for 16 weeks (n = 11) or no anti-viral therapy (controls, n = 8). five patients in the treatment group and four patients in the control group had persistently elevated serum alanine aminotransferases (alt) of ove ...	1991	1919540
terrestrial gamma radiation dose in hong kong.	the first reactor of the daya bay nuclear power plant, 30 km from hong kong, is expected to begin operation in 1992. as a result, residents in hong kong are concerned with potential exposure to man-made and natural radiation. therefore, the radioisotope unit of the university of hong kong performed studies to estimate hong kong's natural background radiation and the potential exposure to local residents, the results of which are presented here.	1992	1727415
a survey of work undertaken in 1 year by a medical officer working in a maternal and child health clinic in hong kong: implications for training.	a survey of child health work undertaken in 1 year by a medical officer in a typical maternal and child health (mch) clinic in hong kong is reported. the wide spectrum of physical and developmental problems encountered by the mch doctor demands sound knowledge of basic paediatrics and normal human development. the need for a comprehensive training programme in child health is highlighted.	1990	1694652
human papillomavirus 6, 11, and 16 in laryngeal papillomas.	twenty-seven cases of benign laryngeal papillomas, both single and multiple variants, were analysed for human papillomavirus (hpv) by dna slot-blot hybridization chiefly to determine the pattern of infection in hong kong chinese. dna was extracted from paraffin blocks of formalin-fixed tissue and probed separately for hpv 6, 11, 16, and 18. sixteen cases (59 per cent) showed the presence of at least one of these four hpv genomes. thirteen cases (48 per cent) were positive for hpv 11 only. three ...	1991	1662265
prevalence of low and high risk human papillomavirus types in cervical cells from hong kong pregnant chinese using filter in situ hybridization.	filter in situ hybridization, using separate probes for human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid types 6, 11, 16 and 18, was used to determine the prevailing hpv types amongst a group of pregnant chinese women. this group had been previously identified using a mixture of probes for hpv types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35 (virapap). specimens from six of the eleven cases contained one hpv type (55%) while five were positive for two types (45%). the "low-risk" types (hbv6, 11) were identified as fre ...	1991	1654045
the physical state of human papillomavirus type 16 dna in cervical carcinomas of hong kong chinese.	the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) in 15 cervical carcinoma specimens obtained from hong kong chinese patients was analyzed by southern blot hybridization studies. in nine (60%) of them, hpv 16 genomes were detected, while two others (13.3%) were found to harbor hpv dna of unknown type closely related to hpv 16. all of them were classified as squamous cell carcinomas according to who guidelines. in addition, the presence of hpv 18 was shown in another two (13.3%) squamous cell carcinoma ...	1991	1653409
disseminated penicillium marneffei infection in hiv-infected subject.	penicillium marneffei is a rare human pathogen predominantly affecting residents of south-east asia. we report four fatal cases from hong kong in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. the diagnosis was established by histological examination and confirmed by isolation of the fungus. the infection was disseminated with involvement of lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lung, intestine and bone marrow. the involved organs showed an exclusively anergic tissue reaction characterized by a diffuse i ...	1992	1577408
the role of appraisal in human emotions: a cross-cultural study.	several theories of emotion propose that emotional responses are largely determined by the way events are appraised. to determine whether the proposed dimensions of appraisal are consistent across cultures, 973 ss from the united states, japan, hong kong, and the people's republic of china were asked to describe emotional experiences. few differences between the 3 cultures were observed on the more primitive dimensions (pleasantness, attentional activity, certainty, coping ability, and goal/need ...	1992	1556662
human leucocyte antigens in southern chinese with kawasaki disease.		1992	1468468
pickled vegetables in the aetiology of oesophageal cancer in hong kong chinese.	oesophageal cancer is common in chinese populations, but individual-based epidemiological studies have provided little explanation. a case control study with 400 cases and 1598 controls (800 hospital and 798 general practice) was conducted among hong kong chinese. in multivariate analyses, statistically significant effects on risk were detected for several potentially preventable exposures with high attributable risks (ars). these included preference for consuming drinks or soups at high tempera ...	1992	1349991
direct detection of epstein-barr virus in peripheral blood and comparison of epstein-barr virus genotypes present in direct specimens and lymphoblastoid cell lines established from nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and healthy carriers in hong kong.	by means of a pcr assay, ebv was demonstrated directly in peripheral blood of previously infected individuals. the virus was detected in approximately 80% of specimens from ebv-seropositive individuals, but not in cord-blood lymphocytes by this method. when virus present in peripheral blood was compared to that observed directly in npc biopsies or throat washings, it was distinct from that seen in biopsies in 4/15 cases (27%) and from that seen in throat washes in 1/22 cases (5%). the throat-was ...	1992	1325949