Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID(sorted descending)
Filter
reemergence of reticuloendotheliosis virus and marek's disease virus co-infection in yellow-chickens in southern china.the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and the marek's disease virus (mdv) cause reticuloendotheliosis (re) and marek's disease (md) in poultry, respectively. according to epidemiological results obtained in our laboratory from 2010 to 2017, the positive rates of rev and mdv co-infection remained at low levels. in the present study, during the period of october 2018 to july 2020, 4 clinical cases with high morbidity (5%-20%) and mortality (2%-10%), caused by the co-infection of rev and vv+ mdv-li ...202134174570
tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic analysis of chicken bursa of fabricius infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is a type c avian retrovirus that causes immunosuppression, dwarf syndrome, and lymphoma in infected hosts. in this study, we used tandem mass tag (tmt) labeling and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) to characterize protein alterations in chicken bursa of fabricius, before and after rev infection at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. our data showed that 1,127, 999, 910, and 1,138 differentially expressed proteins were significantly altered at 7, 14 ...202134113672
gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 in the egyptian turkeys: molecular characterization and establishment of a universal system for phylogenetic classification.gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (gahv-2) is a highly contagious oncogenic virus that causes marek's disease in chickens and occasionally in turkeys. among 100 genes identified in gahv-2 genome, the meq gene appears to involve viral virulence, oncogenicity, and genetic diversity. despite the use of meq gene sequences in phylogenetic classification of gahv-2 strains circulating in many countries worldwide, no integrated system exists yet.202134023833
expression analysis of genes related to lipid metabolism in peripheral blood lymphocytes of chickens challenged with reticuloendotheliosis virus.the underlying molecular mechanism of lipid metabolism in peripheral blood lymphocytes from chicken infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) remains poorly understood. therefore, this scientific question was explored in vitro and in vivo. the results indicated that triglyceride content was significantly reduced, but the free fatty acid content and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 activity were significantly increased in blood lymphocytes after rev infection. by rna sequencing, 97 known di ...202133813326
research note: simultaneous detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus, fowlpox virus, and reticuloendotheliosis virus in chicken specimens.infectious laryngotracheitis (ilt), fowlpox (fp), and reticuloendotheliosis are important poultry diseases caused by gallid herpesvirus 1 (iltv), fowlpox virus (fwpv), and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), respectively. coinfections with iltv and fwpv occur naturally in chickens, and fp in its more virulent wet form is characterized by diphtheritic lesions and easily confused with ilt. moreover, the insertion of only partial rev-ltr or a nearly full-length rev into the fwpv genome, located betw ...202133647723
an outbreak in three-yellow chickens with clinical tumors of high mortality caused by the coinfection of reticuloendotheliosis virus and marek's disease virus: a speculated reticuloendotheliosis virus contamination plays an important role in the case.both reticuloendotheliosis and marek's disease are neoplastic diseases of chickens caused by reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and marek's disease virus (mdv), respectively. the infection of rev or mdv may lead to clinical tumors and also result in immunosuppression and easily allow secondary infection by other pathogens. here, we investigated a breeder flock of three-yellow chickens in southern china that had been vaccinated with cvi988/rispens at hatching and had experienced depression, weakne ...202033357681
changes in oxidation-antioxidation function on the thymus of chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is a retrovirus that causes severe immunosuppression in poultry. animals grow slowly under conditions of oxidative stress. in addition, long-term oxidative stress can impair immune function, as well as accelerate aging and death. this study aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of rev from the perspective of changes in oxidative-antioxidative function following rev infection.202033308224
two cases of marek's disease in backyard turkeys.in two independent submissions, a 3-yr-old, dead bourbon red turkey tom from a zoo and a royal palm turkey hen from a backyard flock were submitted for necropsy. both birds had been kept together with chickens. findings of the necropsy of the first turkey were an enlarged and dark liver with many pale white foci and a few small white nodules, pale and enlarged spleen, prominent thymus, mottled and pale kidneys, and pale and enlarged testes. findings of the necropsy of the second turkey were a da ...202033205183
novel cyclovirus identified in broiler chickens with transmissible viral proventriculitis in china.in october 2018, an outbreak of transmissible viral proventriculitis (tvp) occurred in 30-day-old commercial broiler chickens on a farm in weifang, china. tvp, an infectious viral disease characterized by runting and stunting, is associated with many viruses, and has a significant economic impact on the global poultry industry. tvp is diagnosed according to clinical symptoms, gross and histological lesions, and negative pcr results for pathogenic bacteria, avian leukosis virus subgroup j, marek' ...202033134354
an optimized secretory expression system and immunogenicity evaluation for glycosylated gp90 of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus.reticuloendotheliosis is an important immunosuppressive disease, associated with avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infection, and causes notable economic losses worldwide. glycoprotein gp90 is an important structural protein of rev, and considered to be the most important immunogenic antigen, which can induce neutralizing antibodies against rev. in this study, an optimized suspension culture system was developed and applied to secretory express the immunogenic surface antigen gp90. to achi ...202033076991
molecular detection of reticuloendotheliosis virus 5' long terminal repeat integration in the genome of avipoxvirus field strains from different avian species in egypt.avipoxviruses (apvs) are among the most complex viruses that infect a wide range of birds' species. the infection by apvs is often associated with breathing and swallowing difficulties, reduced growth, decreased egg production, and high mortalities in domestic poultry. in the present study, 200 cutaneous nodular samples were collected from different avian species (chicken, pigeon, turkey, and canary) suspected to be infected with apvs from dakahlia governorate, egypt. pooled samples (n = 40) wer ...202032878059
genetic variability of the avian leukosis virus subgroup j gp85 gene in layer flocks in lower egypt.this study aimed to determine the prevalence of layer flock tumor disease in lower egypt during the period of 2018-2019 and to undertake molecular characterization and determine the genetic diversity of all identified viruses.202032801556
development and application of an mrt-qpcr assay for detecting coinfection of six vertically transmitted or immunosuppressive avian viruses.marek's disease virus (mdv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), avian reovirus (arv), chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), and fowl adenovirus (fadv) are important causes of disease in poultry. to investigate the infection status of the above six viruses in chickens in china, 1,187 samples from chicken flocks were collected and tested using a newly developed multiplex reverse-transcription quantitative real-time pcr (mrt-qpcr) assay in the study. a seri ...202032765453
safety and efficacy evaluation of recombinant marek's disease virus with rev-ltr.recently, chickens vaccinated with the cvi988/rispens vaccine showed increased tumor incidence. moreover, many strains of marek's disease virus (mdv) that were naturally integrated with the long terminal repeat (ltr) of the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) have been isolated, which means it is necessary to develop a new vaccine. in this study, two ltr sequences were inserted into rispens to construct a recombinant mdv (rmdv). then, the safety and efficacy of rmdv were evaluated separately ...202032698460
prevention of avian retrovirus infection in chickens using crispr-cas9 delivered by marek's disease virus.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is an avian retrovirus that causes an oncogenic, immunosuppressive, and runting-stunting syndrome in avian hosts. the co-infection of rev and marek's disease virus (mdv), an oncogenic herpesvirus in chickens, further increases disease severity and reduces mdv vaccine efficacy. the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr)-cas9 system has successfully been used against pathogens in mammalian cells. however, the large size of the crispr-ca ...202032650233
gut microbiota profiles of commercial laying hens infected with tumorigenic viruses.studies have shown that some viral infections cause structural changes in the intestinal microflora, but little is known about the effects of tumorigenic viral infection on the intestinal microflora of chickens.202032600312
an atypical clinicopathological manifestation of fowlpox virus associated with reticuloendotheliosis virus in commercial laying hen flocks in brazil.fowlpox (fp) is a common epitheliotropic disease in chickens that is usually controlled by live attenuated vaccines. however, there have been some reports of outbreaks of fp in recent years, even in vaccinated flocks, presenting as atypical lesions and feathering abnormalities in chickens. these findings can be associated with fowlpox virus (fpv) with the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) integrated into its genome. in the present study, outbreaks of atypical fp were explored in vaccinated comme ...202032519513
changes in the percentages of b- and t-lymphocytes and antibody titres in laying hens infested with dermanyssus gallinae-a preliminary study.(1) background: dermanyssus gallinae, a hematophagous ectoparasite, adversely affects the health status of laying hens, leading to reduced egg production and significant economic losses in commercial farms. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of d. gallinae on the development of post-vaccination immune responses in layer hens. (2) methods: a total of 80 blood samples were collected at four time-points (b1-b4) from 10 hy-line brown hens, randomly selected from a commercial layer far ...202032517104
avian leukosis virus subgroup j and reticuloendotheliosis virus coinfection induced trim62 regulation of the actin cytoskeleton.coinfection with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is common in chickens, and the molecular mechanism of the synergistic pathogenic effects of the coinfection is not clear. exosomes have been identified as new players in the pathogenesis of retroviruses. the different functions of exosomes depend on their cargo components.202032476322
trim62 from chicken as a negative regulator of reticuloendotheliosis virus replication.emerging evidence suggests that the tripartite motif containing 62 (trim62), a member of the trim family, plays an important role in antiviral processes. the objective of the study was to explore the role of trim62 in reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infection and its potential molecular mechanism. we first demonstrated that the rev infection affected the trim62 expression first upregulated and then downregulated in cef cells. next, we evaluated the effect of trim62 on viral replication. overex ...202032318585
potential role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the pathogenesis of marek's disease.marek's disease virus (mdv) can cause malignant t-cell lymphomas and immunosuppression in chickens. macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) not only plays a critical role in inhibiting t-cell responses, but also contributes to multiple aspects of tumour progression. the aim of this study was to reveal the potential role of mif in the pathogenesis of mdv infection.202032258797
isolation and pathogenicity testing of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus from layer chickens in china.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) can cause runting, immunosuppression, acute reticulum cell neoplasia, and chronic lymphoid tumors in a variety of domestic and wild birds. we diagnosed a case of reticuloendotheliosis with obvious tumors in liver and kidney. we isolated and sequenced the virus and performed pathogenicity testing of the rev strain. immunohistochemistry and pcr confirmed that the diseased layer chickens were infected with rev. the strain, named bj1503, was successfully isolated fr ...202032233842
regulatory mechanism of microrna-155 in chicken embryo fibroblasts in response to reticuloendotheliosis virus infection.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infection of multiple avian species can lead to a number of diseases such as runting syndrome, immunosuppression and oncogenesis, causing major economic losses. micrornas play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation, effectively inhibiting protein synthesis, and participating in many biological processes in cells, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipometabolism, virus infection and replication, and tumorigenesis. based on our previ ...202032122614
emergence of spontaneously occurring neoplastic disease caused by reticuloendotheliosis virus in breeding muscovy ducks in china, 2019.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) has a wide range of avian hosts leading to reticuloendotheliosis, and its characteristic of vertical transmission makes it to be one of the most important diseases in breeder avian populations. up to date, reports on neoplastic disease caused by rev in breeding ducks are few. here, spontaneously occurring neoplastic disease caused by rev in breeding muscovy ducks was reported in guangdong province, china. the most significant gross lesions of sick ducks were tum ...202032068970
first report on molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of reticuloendotheliosis virus in sudan.the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) group of retroviruses infects a wide range of avian species, including chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, quail, and prairie chickens. the infection can result in immunosuppression, runting syndrome, high mortality, acute reticular cell neoplasia, or t- and/or b-cell lymphoma. one pcr positive chicken spleen sample obtained in a previous study in addition to one marek's disease and three fowl pox (fp) vaccine samples were investigated in this study. a pcr assa ...202032040658
lymphoproliferative disease virus in wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) from manitoba and quebec, canada.this study describes the first recognized clinical case of lymphoproliferative disease virus (lpdv) in canada and extends the range of lpdv in canada through its detection in manitoba and quebec. we assessed the prevalence of lpdv in eastern wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo silvestris) with the use of whole, clotted blood from live birds in manitoba (n = 65) and tissue samples collected postmortem in quebec (n = 4). we tested for lpdv proviral dna through pcr amplification and sequencing of a p ...201931967435
increased horizontal transmission of recombinant marek's disease virus due to reticuloendotheliosis virus long terminal repeat is the major competitive advantage of the virus being a prevalent strain.gx0101 is the first field marek's disease virus (mdv) recombinant with an rev ltr insert isolated in china. we speculated that there was a selective advantage of gx0101 becoming the more prevalent field strain from a very low percentage of recombinant virus. in the study, dual fluorescence quantitative real-time pcr (df-qpcr) that detects gx0101 and gx0101δltr simultaneously was established based on the genomic difference of gx0101 and its ltr deletion strain gx0101δltr. mdv natural transmission ...201931921027
detection of reticuloendotheliosis virus in muscovy ducks, wild turkeys, and chickens in brazil.reticuloendotheliosis viruses (revs) are known to cause immunosuppressive and oncogenic disease that affects numerous avian species. reticuloendotheliosis viruses are present worldwide and recently have been reported in south america with cases of infected commercial flocks in argentina. we surveyed for the presence of rev in birds from a state in the northern region of brazil using real-time pcr. we report here the presence of rev in brazil, detected in muscovy ducks (cairina moschata), wild tu ...202031917630
detection and molecular characterization of a natural coinfection of marek's disease virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus in brazilian backyard chicken flock.marek's disease virus (mdv) and the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) are two of the primary oncogenic viruses that significantly affect chickens. in brazil, there have been no previous published reports on the presence of field rev alone or in coinfection. this retrospective study analyzes samples from a case of lymphoproliferative lesions from a backyard chicken flock. mdv and rev were detected by pcr and classified as mdv1 and rev3, respectively, through sequencing and phylogenetic analysis b ...201931756886
a high frequency of gallid herpesvirus-2 co-infection with reticuloendotheliosis virusis associated with high tumor rates in chinese chicken farms.the prevalence of marek's disease (md) caused by gallid herpesvirus-2 (gahv-2) has been increasing in chickens in china despite universal vaccination. among the possible reasons for this trend, of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) contamination in vaccines could lead to co-infection and reduce the vaccine efficacy. here, we report the epidemiological findings of our continuous surveillance of md, and an examination of the effects of rev and/or gahv-2 co-infection. a total of 1230 samples were co ...201931585637
proteome analysis of reticuloendotheliosis-virus-infected chicken embryo fibroblast cells through itraq-based quantitative proteomics.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is an important representative avian retrovirus. to improve our understanding of the host cellular responses to virus infection and the pathogenesis of rev infection, we applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (itraq) labeling coupled with multidimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to detect changes in protein levels in chicken embryo fibroblast cells (cefs) that were infected with rev or mock infected. in total, 605 c ...201931576460
histologic findings and viral antigen distribution in natural coinfection of layer hens with subgroup j avian leukosis virus, marek's disease virus, and reticuloendotheliosis virus.we investigated the histologic findings and viral antigen distribution in 3 cases of natural coinfection of layer hens with subgroup j avian leukosis virus (alv-j), marek's disease virus (mdv), and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) in hens. at autopsy, diseased hens were found to have hepatosplenomegaly and thickened proventriculi, with white tumor nodules in the liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and ovary. microscopically, most tissues had been infiltrated by neoplastic lymphocytes; the spleen, lung ...201931378167
serological and molecular identification of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) in chickens in sudan.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is a gammaretrovirus that belongs to the family of retroviridae. the infection can result in immunosuppression, runting syndrome, high mortality, acute reticular cell neoplasia or t- and/ or b-cell lymphoma, in a variety of domestic and wild birds. the disease is widespread around the world. no related data have been reported in sudan about the disease. the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of rev antibodies and dna in local and commercial ...201931347279
multicentric round cell neoplasms and their viral associations in wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) in the southeastern united states.multiple oncogenic viruses, including lymphoproliferative disease virus (lpdv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), have been detected in wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo). the prevalence of infection with these viruses appears to be more common than overt disease; thus, data on the manifestation of associated disease in wild turkeys are scarce. diagnostic records from wild turkeys submitted to the southeastern cooperative wildlife disease study from 1980 to 2017 were reviewed to identify cas ...201931345138
transcriptional analysis of host responses related to immunity in chicken spleen tissues infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus strain snv.in avian species, the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) causes severe immunosuppression and other symptoms, including avian dwarfing syndrome, and chronic tumors in lymphoid and other tissues. the pathogenesis of rev and its interaction with the host have yet to be fully elucidated with transcriptional studies on the changes in host gene expression after rev infection at the body level. in this study, the spleen necrosis virus (snv) was used to inoculate the one-day-old specific pathogen free (s ...201931228642
changes in apoptosis, proliferation and t lymphocyte subtype on thymic cells of spf chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), an avian retrovirus is able to infect a variety of birds and can cause immunosuppression. the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of thymic lymphocytes apoptosis, proliferation and t cell subtype with immunosuppression. in this study, a hundred and twenty one-day old spf chickens were randomly divided into control groups (group c) and a rev infection groups (group i). the chickens of group i received intraperitoneal injections of rev with 104. ...201931048099
assessment on reticuloendotheliosis virus infection in specific-pathogen-free chickens based on detection of yolk antibody.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is the most frequent exogenous virus that contaminates attenuated vaccines. therefore, it is extremely important to select rev-free specific-pathogen-free (spf) chicken embryos. generally, rev infection is assessed by detecting rev antibodies in spf chickens. this present study seeks to evaluate rev infection by replacing serum antibody detection with yolk antibody detection. a cohort of 40 nineteen-week-old spf chickens were artificially inoculated with rev, wi ...201931009463
integrated analysis of mirna and mrna expression profiles in spleen of specific pathogen-free chicken infected with avian reticuloendotheliosis virus strain snv.the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) primarily causes avian severe immunosuppression, in addition to other symptoms, which include avian dwarfing syndrome and chronic tumors in lymphoid and other tissue. to date, rev's molecular mechanisms leading to immunosuppression have not been fully elucidated. in the current study, we aimed to elucidate the role of micrornas (mirna) in regulating gene expression during rev infections. therefore, we used a high-dose spleen necrosis virus (snv) model of rev ...201930818863
genetic characterization of reticuloendotheliosis virus in chickens in thailand.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) causes an immunosuppressive, runting, and oncogenic disease in poultry, posing a significant threat to the poultry industry. in thailand, an unidentified disease associated with runting-stunting syndrome and neoplasia, resembling rev infection, has been continuously observed in several chicken farms. however, rev infection in thailand has never been reported. in this study, we investigated the occurrence and genetic characteristics of revs in chickens in thailan ...201930668827
avian reticuloendotheliosis in chickens - an update on disease occurrence and clinical course.avian reticuloendotheliosis (re) represents an important immunosuppressive disease of poultry. the occurrence of re in both chickens and turkeys has an immunosuppressive effect and may lead to vaccination failures. avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is widely distributed in different kinds of birds, causing subclinical infections. another important issue adhering to this disease is contamination of vaccines against fowl pox (fp) and marek's disease (md) with rev. the capability of rev to in ...201830584601
survey of reticuloendotheliosis virus in wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) in texas, usa.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is an immunosuppressive and sometimes oncogenic avian retrovirus that establishes lifelong infection in a wide range of avian species. rev-infected wild birds roaming near at-risk captive flocks, such as is the case for the highly endangered attwater's prairie chicken (apc; tympanuchus cupido attwateri), could act as a reservoir for viral transmission. in wild birds, prevalence rates of rev are low and appearance of associated disease is uncommon. during 2016-17 ...201930557122
epidemiological investigation of the novel genotype avian hepatitis e virus and co-infected immunosuppressive viruses in farms with hepatic rupture haemorrhage syndrome, recently emerged in china.since 2016, hepatic rupture haemorrhage syndrome (hrhs) appeared in chickens of china and caused huge economic loss. to assess the infection status of the avian hepatitis e virus (hev) and co-infected viruses, including avian leukosis virus (alv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), fowl adenovirus (fadv), and chicken infectious anaemia virus (ciav), in farms with hrhs, 180 liver samples were collected from 24 farms in different provinces and detected by strict molecular virology methods. results ...201930484967
a multiplex xtag assay for the simultaneous detection of five chicken immunosuppressive viruses.chicken anemia virus (cav), avian reovirus (arv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), marek's disease virus (mdv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) all cause immunosuppressive disease in birds through vertical or horizontal transmission. mixed infections with these immunosuppressive pathogens lead to atypical clinical signs and obstruct accurate diagnoses and epidemiological investigations. therefore, it is essential to develop a high-throughput assay for the simultaneous detection of th ...201830442149
detection of fowlpox virus carrying distinct genome segments of reticuloendotheliosis virus.fowlpox virus (fwpv), the type species of the genus avipoxvirus family poxviridae, is a large double-stranded dna virus that causes fowlpox in chickens and turkeys. notably, sequences of the avian retrovirus reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) are frequently found integrated into the genome of fwpv. while some fwpv strains carry remnants of the rev long terminal repeats (ltrs), other strains have been shown to contain insertions of nearly the full-length rev provirus in their genome. in the presen ...201930359622
the emergence of the infection of subgroup j avian leucosis virus escalated the tumour incidence in commercial yellow chickens in southern china in recent years.a total of 81 clinical cases of suspected tumours were submitted to our laboratory from yellow chicken farms in southern china during the years 2010 through 2017. the tumour-like tissue samples were closely examined for common oncogenic avian viruses in cell culture and further analysed using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). during 2010-2012, marek's disease virus (mdv) mono-infection was found to be the dominant cause of the tumour incidences (52.4%, 11/21) followed by co-infection of mdv+alvs ...201930248239
integrative analyses of transcriptome sequencing identify functional mirnas in the chicken embryo fibroblasts cells infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus.in this study, we found a much higher proportion of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infected chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) were in active cell division phase than that of control cells which indicated that rev can affect the fate of cef. so, we performed high-throughput sequencing and transcriptomic analysis to identify functional mirnas, in order to figure out the possible mechanism in the interaction of rev with cef. in total, 50 differentially expressed mirnas (demirnas) were identified. ...201830233638
detection of lymphoproliferative disease virus in canada in a survey for viruses in ontario wild turkeys ( meleagris gallopavo).the successful reintroduction of wild turkeys ( meleagris gallopavo) to ontario, canada, has led to established populations in southern portions of the province and currently allows for biannual hunting seasons. these populations geographically overlap domestic turkey farms, an important sector of the provincial agri-food industry. potential pathogen transmission between wild turkeys and domestic turkeys ( meleagris gallopavo) is a concern, because they are susceptible to infection with many of ...201930124393
analysis of alternative splicing in chicken embryo fibroblasts in response to reticuloendotheliosis virus infection.alternative splicing (as) plays a significant role in regulation of genomic expression at the transcriptional level and is involved in many important biological functions of cells, thus a gene can be spliced into distinct transcript variants then translated to many different kinds of protein. reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is a kind of retrovirus that can infect multiple avian species, leading to runting syndrome, immunosuppression and oncogenesis. in this present study, we analyzed as in rev ...201830101593
the molecular basis for host responses to marek's disease viruses integrated with different retro-viral long terminal repeat.integration of retro-viral long terminal repeat (ltr) into the marek's disease virus (mdv) genome can occur both in co-cultivation cell cultures and naturally in dual infected chickens. it is clear that the ltr insert is associated with the pathogenicity of mdv. the objective of this study was to compare the host responses to mdv with a different retro-viral ltr insert. gene-chip containing chicken genome was employed to investigate the gene transcription profile of chicken embryo fibroblasts ce ...201829917138
isolation and characterization of subgroup j avian leukosis virus associated with hemangioma in commercial hy-line chickens.there was an outbreak of hemangioma associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) between 2006 and 2010 in china in commercial layer chickens. recently, severe hemangiomas broke out in hy-line layer chickens on a poultry farm in 2017 where alv was eradicated earlier. six isolates of alv-j, named sdau1701-sdau1706, were characterized by virus isolation and sequence analysis of the complete proviral genomes. avian leukosis virus subgroup j was identified by an immunofluorescence assay wi ...201829788333
molecular characterization of avipoxviruses circulating in mozambique, 2016-2018.samples from 45 chickens, two turkeys, one peacock and one quail with symptoms of fowlpox were collected in mozambique between november 2016 and january 2018. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the samples contained avipoxviruses belonging to both clade a1 and clade a2. in addition, all of the clade a1 viruses were positive by pcr for the integration of reticuloendotheliosis virus, while the clade a2 avipoxvirus samples were negative. this study confirms the circulation of clade a1 avipoxviruse ...201829737408
inhibition of v-rel-induced oncogenesis through microrna targeting.several studies have shown that microrna-targeting is an effective strategy for the selective control of tissue-tropism and pathogenesis of both dna and rna viruses. however, the exploitation of microrna-targeting for the inhibition of transformation by oncogenic viruses has not been studied. the v-rel oncoprotein encoded by reticuloendotheliosis virus t strain (rev-t) is a member of the rel/nf-κb family of transcription factors capable of transforming primary chicken spleen and bone marro ...201829734737
protection induced by a gp90 protein-based vaccine derived from a reticuloendotheliosis virus strain isolated from a contaminated ibd vaccine.reticuloendotheliosis is an immunosuppressive disease caused by avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). it is commonly found in poultry farms and has caused a notable economic loss worldwide. despite this, there is currently no effective vaccine available to protect against rev infection.201829530099
loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of four immunosuppressive viruses in chicken.loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) methods to detect chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), and marek's disease virus (mdv), and a reverse transcription (rt)-lamp assay to detect infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), were developed. the ciav-lamp, rev-lamp, mdv-lamp, and ibdv-rt-lamp methods were performed using four sets of six primers targeting the vp1 gene of ciav, the gp90 gene of rev, the meq gene of mdv, and the vp2 gene of ibdv. the results ...201829476761
reticuloendotheliosis virus inhibits the immune response acting on lymphocytes from peripheral blood of chicken.chicken reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) causes the atrophy of immune organs and immuno-suppression. the pathogenic mechanisms of rev are poorly understood. the aim of this study was to use rna sequencing to analyse the effect of rev on immunity and cell proliferation in chicken lymphocytes from peripheral bloodin vitro. overall, 2977 differentially expressed genes (degs) were examined from cells between infected with rev or no; 56 degs related to cell proliferation and 130 degs related to immu ...201829410628
allicin alleviates reticuloendotheliosis virus-induced immunosuppressionviaerk/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in specific pathogen-free chickens.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), a gammaretrovirus in theretroviridaefamily, causes an immunosuppressive, oncogenic, and runting-stunting syndrome in multiple avian hosts. allicin, the main effective component of garlic, has a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. the hypothesis that allicin could relieve rev-induced immune dysfunction was investigatedin vivoandin vitroin the present study. the results showed that dietary allicin supplementation ameliorated rev-induced dysplasia and im ...201729312337
the experimental transmission of reticuloendotheliosis virus by cock semen.following artificial insemination, the egg-laying rate of a large-scale breeder chicken flock declined by10-15 %. real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) analysis detected the presence of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) in semen from the breeder cocks used. six rev strains were successfully isolated from semen randomly extracted from those cocks. additionally, the whole sequence of sdaur-s1 was sequenced and analysed. cock models with continuous production of rev-positive semen ...201829256850
serological survey of reticuloendotheliosis virus infection in chickens in china in 2005 to 2015.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) causes an immunosuppressive, oncogenic, and runting syndrome in many avian hosts worldwide. the immunosuppression caused by rev can decrease the antibody levels of vaccines and subsequent increase susceptibility to secondary infections. there are no commercial vaccines or effective drugs to control rev infections at present. to investigate the rev infection status in chickens in china, 25,224 sera from 573 chicken flocks, collected between 2005 and 2015, were me ...201729050414
epidemiological investigation of outbreaks of fowl adenovirus infections in commercial chickens in china.one hundred and five fowl adenovirus (fadv) strains were isolated in china from 2015 to 2016 from poultry with inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) and hydropericardium syndrome (hps). polymerase chain reactions determined that 68 were fadv species c, five were fadv species d, two were fadv species e, and 30 contained two or more different fadv strains. a phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolated fadv strains clustered into three major groups: fadv-c, fadv-d and fadv-e. based on a hexon gene sequ ...201728804982
molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a virulent marek's disease virus field strain in broiler chickens in japan.marek's disease is a lymphoproliferative disease causing a serious threat in poultry production. field strains of marek's disease virus (mdvs) are continuously re-emerging, causing great economical losses to the poultry industry worldwide in spite of the intensive vaccination and restrictive management policy used. histopathological and molecular characterizations of mdvs are essential for monitoring the changes of viruses and evaluating the effectiveness of existing vaccines. during 2016, 190 v ...201728762757
molecular epidemiology of avian poxvirus in the oriental turtle dove (streptopelia orientalis) and the biting midge (culicoides arakawae) in the republic of korea.a total of 600 wild birds were analyzed for the causes of mortality in the republic of korea (rok) from 2011 to 2013. avian poxvirus (apv) infections were identified as the primary cause of mortality in 39% (29/74) oriental turtle doves (streptopelia orientalis). at necropsy, all 29 s. orientalis birds, of which, 76% (22/29) were juveniles, had severe diphtheritic lesions in their oral and nasal cavities and on their eyelids, which were the lesions of apv that resulted in mortality. we detected ...201728700322
co-infection with marek's disease virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus increases illness severity and reduces marek's disease vaccine efficacy.marek's disease virus (mdv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) cause marek's disease (md) and reticuloendotheliosis (re), respectively. co-infection with mdv and rev is common in chickens, causing serious losses to the poultry industry. however, experimental studies of such co-infection are lacking. in this study, chinese field strains of mdv (zw/15) and rev (jlr1501) were used as challenge viruses to evaluate the pathogenicity of co-infection and the influence of md vaccination in chickens. ...201728635675
immunoprotection induced by cpg-odn/poly(i:c) combined with recombinant gp90 protein in chickens against reticuloendotheliosis virus infection.the present study is focused on investigating the immunoprotective effects of cpg-odn/poly(i:c) combined with the viral glycoprotein gp90 protein against reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infection in chickens. rev's gp90 gene was amplified from the rev-infected cells and expressed in escherichia coli (e.coli). the expressed products, upon purification, were inoculated into 7-day-old chickens with pbs, cpg-odn or poly(i:c) adjuvant; two booster inoculations were then conducted, and then each chi ...201728465147
genomic characterization of two novel pathogenic avipoxviruses isolated from pacific shearwaters (ardenna spp.).over the past 20 years, many marine seabird populations have been gradually declining and the factors driving this ongoing deterioration are not always well understood. avipoxvirus infections have been found in a wide range of bird species worldwide, however, very little is known about the disease ecology of avian poxviruses in seabirds. here we present two novel avipoxviruses from pacific shearwaters (ardenna spp), one from a flesh-footed shearwater (a. carneipes) (swpv-1) and the other from a ...201728407753
characterization of a gallid herpesvirus 2 strain with novel reticuloendotheliosis virus long terminal repeat inserts.a bacterial artificial chromosome clone, designated lcy, was constructed from a gallid herpesvirus 2 (gahv-2) isolate from a gahv-2 and reticuloendotheliosis virus co-infected clinical sample. the lcy gahv-2 insert was sequenced and found to consist of 175,319 nucleotides. lcy gahv-2 open reading frames (orfs) had a high sequence identity to those of reference strains. the major difference was that two rev long terminal repeats (ltrs), in the same direction, were inserted at the internal repeat ...201728194622
wild birds, a source of reticuloendotheliosis virus infection for the endangered attwater's prairie-chicken ( tympanuchus cupido attwateri)?reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infects a wide range of avian species. since 1998, when it was first reported in a captive flock of the endangered attwater's prairie-chicken ( tympanuchus cupido attwateri; apc), rev has plagued apc recovery efforts. while rev frequently occurs in captive bird flocks throughout the world, including commercial poultry, the reservoir for initial infection of flocks is poorly understood. from 2008-2016, 412 blood samples and 216 liver samples collected from 32 spe ...201728192047
activation of gga-mir-155 by reticuloendotheliosis virus t strain and its contribution to transformation.the v-rel oncoprotein encoded by reticuloendotheliosis virus t strain (rev-t) is a member of the rel/nf-κb family of transcription factors capable of transformation of primary chicken spleen and bone marrow cells. rapid transformation of avian haematopoietic cells by v-rel occurs through a process of deregulation of multiple protein-encoding genes through its direct effect on their promoters. more recently, upregulation of oncogenic mir-155 and its precursor pre-mir-155 were demonstrated in rev- ...201728113043
analysis of the spleen proteome of chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus.infection with reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), a gammaretrovirus in the family retroviridae, can result in immunosuppression and subsequent increased susceptibility to secondary infections. in the present study, we identified differentially expressed proteins in the spleens of chickens infected with the rev-a hlj07i strain, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis on samples from time points coinciding with different phases of the rev life cycle. differentially expressed proteins were identi ...201728097424
analysis of microrna expression profile in specific pathogen-free chickens in response to reticuloendotheliosis virus infection.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) is an avian retrovirus that causes immunosuppression, growth retardation, and oncogenesis in a variety of birds. rev infection is epidemic in many countries. in this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to identify micrornas (mirnas) associated with rev infection. a total of 88 differentially expressed mirnas were identified in samples collected on days 21 and 28 post-rev infection. possible target genes of the differentially expressed mirnas were analyzed. ...201728032193
gp85 genetic diversity of avian leukosis virus subgroup j among different individual chickens from a native flock.to compare the genetic diversity and quasispecies evolution of avian leukosis virus (alv) among different individuals, 5 chickens, raised in shandong provice of china, were randomly selected from a local chicken flock associated with serious tumor cases. blood samples were collected and inoculated into chicken embryo fibroblast and df-1 cell lines for virus isolation and identification, respectively, of marek's disease virus (mdv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), and alv. five strains of alv ...201627794054
expression patterns of endogenous avian retrovirus alve1 and its response to infection with exogenous avian tumour viruses.endogenous retroviruses (ervs) are genomic elements that are present in a wide range of vertebrates and have been implicated in a variety of human diseases, including cancer. however, the characteristic expression patterns of ervs, particularly in virus-induced tumours, is not fully clear. dna methylation was analysed by bisulfite pyrosequencing, and gene expression was analysed by rt-qpcr. in this study, we first found that the endogenous avian retrovirus alve1 was highly expressed in some chic ...201727686071
genome analysis and pathogenicity of reticuloendotheliosis virus isolated from a contaminated vaccine seed against infectious bursal disease virus: first report in china.specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens were inoculated with the virus seed of an infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv)-attenuated vaccine, and positive reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) antibody levels were subsequently detected in the chicken sera, indicating potential rev contamination of the vaccine. after neutralization with ibdv-positive blood serum, the vaccine was inoculated into df-1 cells for rev isolation and identification. an rev strain, designated ibd-c1605, was identified using an ...201627609617
impacts of poultry vaccination on viruses of wild bird.spillover of viruses from farmed poultry into wild birds is a relatively new area of study at the livestock-wildlife interface. these transmission events can threaten the health of wild birds. there is growing evidence of transmission of vaccine viruses from poultry to wild birds, including attenuated vaccine strains of newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus, and also spread of virulent viruses that may have evolved under the pressure of vaccine use, such as marek's disease viru ...201627359320
protective efficacy of a recombinant bacterial artificial chromosome clone of a very virulent marek's disease virus containing a reticuloendotheliosis virus long terminal repeat.marek's disease virus (mdv), an alphaherpesvirus, causes marek's disease (md), a lymphoproliferative disease in poultry characterized by t-cell lymphomas, nerve lesions, and mortality. vaccination is used worldwide to control md, but increasingly virulent field strains can overcome this protection, driving a need to create new vaccines. previous studies revealed that insertion of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) long terminal repeat (ltr) into a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clone of a ...201627258614
transcriptional and bioinformatic analysis provide a relationship between host response changes to marek's disease viruses infection and an integrated long terminal repeat.gx0101, marek's disease virus (mdv) strain with a long terminal repeat (ltr) insert of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), was isolated from cvi988/rispens vaccinated birds showing tumors. we have constructed a ltr deleted strain gx0101δltr in our previous study. to compare the host responses to gx0101 and gx0101δltr, chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) cells were infected with two mdv strains and a gene-chip containing chicken genome was employed to examine gene transcription changes in host cells ...201627200301
development of a real-time quantitative rt-pcr to detect rev contamination in live vaccine.based on the published avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) whole genome sequence, primers and taqman probes were designed and synthesized, and the taqman probe fluorescence real-time quantitative rt-pcr (qrt-pcr) method for detecting the rev pol gene was established by optimizing the reaction conditions. sensitivity analysis showed that the qrt-pcr method had a sensitivity that was 1,000-fold higher than conventional pcr. additionally, no amplification signals were obtained when we attempted ...201627122388
emergence of reticuloendotheliosis virus in pigeons in guangdong province, southern china.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), an important immunosuppressive pathogen, has many hosts, including chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys, and wild birds. clinically, rev may lead to increased susceptibility to other pathogens, resulting in serious tissue damage (especially tumors) and the death of its host. in this study, we encountered a disease outbreak resulting in a large number of deaths of pigeons in guangdong province, southern china. histopathological analysis revealed apparent tumor-like l ...201627120185
isolation and pathogenic analysis of virulent marek's disease virus field strain in china.marek's disease (md) has become increasingly common in china, resulting in considerable economic loss. the etiological agent is unclear. in this study, we isolated a field md virus (mdv) strain, designated sx1301, from cvi988/rispens-vaccinated chickens with tumors. co-infection of avian leukosis virus, reticuloendotheliosis virus, and chicken infectious anemia virus was excluded by polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, dna blotting hybridization, and indirect immunofluor ...201626976907
deletion of the bac sequences from recombinant meq-null marek's disease (md) virus increases immunosuppression while maintaining protective efficacy against md.marek's disease virus (mdv) gx0101 is a field strain of mdv with a naturally occurring insertion of the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) long terminal repeat (ltr) fragment. both copies of the meq gene were knocked out in the gx0101 bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clone to construct the recombinant virus sc9-1, resulting in a complete lack of pathogenicity and providing better protection against md than cvi988/rispens. in the present study, the bac sequences in sc9-1 were removed using a ...201626957626
duck lymphocytes. viii. t-lymphoblastoid cell lines from reticuloendotheliosis virus-induced tumours.the t strain of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) obtained, along with the helper chicken syncytia virus (csv), from the cso4 cell line was highly oncogenic and rapidly fatal in ducks. tumours were mainly seen in spleen, but neoplastic cells were observed microscopically in many organs. in vitro rev transformation of duck lymphocytes failed to yield stable cell lines, so cells from organs (blood, bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, bursa of fabricius) of infected birds were used to establish cell ...199926911503
simultaneous detection of eight immunosuppressive chicken viruses using a gexp analyser-based multiplex pcr assay.immunosuppressive viruses are frequently found as co-infections in the chicken industry, potentially causing serious economic losses. because traditional molecular biology methods have limited detection ability, a rapid, high-throughput method for the differential diagnosis of these viruses is needed. the objective of this study is to develop a genomelab gene expression profiler analyser-based multiplex pcr method (gexp-multiplex pcr) for simultaneous detection of eight immunosuppressive chicken ...201526715327
development, characterization and optimization of a new suspension chicken-induced pluripotent cell line for the production of newcastle disease vaccine.traditionally, substrates for production of viral poultry vaccines have been embryonated eggs or adherent primary cell cultures. the difficulties and cost involved in scaling up these substrates in cases of increased demand have been a limitation for vaccine production. here, we assess the ability of a newly developed chicken-induced pluripotent cell line, ba3, to support replication and growth of newcastle disease virus (ndv) lasota vaccine strain. the characteristics and growth profile of the ...201626586283
the "complex" rna post-transcriptional element of a "simple" retrovirus.replication of retroviruses and transposition of endogenous retroelements exploits a unique mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation as a means of exporting their incompletely-spliced mrnas (which serve as both the genomic rna and the template for protein synthesis). following discovery of the rev response element (rre) that mediates nucleocytoplasmic export of the full-length and singly-spliced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) genome, equivalent cis-acting regulatory elements hav ...201726442179
influence of avian leukosis virus long terminal repeat on biological activities of marek's disease virus.gx0101 was the first reported field strain of recombinant marek's disease virus (mdv) that contained a long terminal repeat (ltr) from the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). it is a very virulent mdv strain, with relatively high horizontal transmission ability. the rev ltr in gx0101 genome was proved to decrease the pathogenicity but increase the potential for horizontal transmission of the virus. here we constructed a recombinant mdv gx0101-alv-ltr to study stability of avian leukosis virus (al ...201526274570
construction and characterization of a recombinant reticuloendotheliosis virus expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) causes an immunosuppressive and oncogenic disease in chickens and other birds. in this study, based on an infectious clone of rev, named hljr0901, a recombinant virus containing the enhanced green fluorescence protein (egfp) gene was constructed by inserting the egfp expression cassette downstream of the 3' terminus of the viral env gene. an egfp-tagged rev that stably expresses egfp was rescued. this visible recombinant rev could contribute to the further under ...201526112763
pathotyping of recent indian field isolates of marek's disease virus serotype 1.a study was undertaken to assess the virulence of marek's disease virus (mdv) serotype 1 field isolates obtained from poultry flocks of southern part of india. five representative mdv serotype 1 strains were isolated from eighty-six blood samples collected from fifteen farms. three out of five isolates which were free from avian leukosis virus (alv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) were adapted in chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) culture and designated as ind/tn/11/01, ind/ka/12/02 and ind/t ...201526104332
soluble expression and enzymatic activity evaluation of protease from reticuloendotheliosis virus.the protease (pr) encoded by most retroviruses is deeply involved in the lifecycle and infection process of retroviruses by possessing the specificity necessary to correctly cleave the viral polyproteins and host cell proteins. however, as an important representative of avian retroviruses, the enzymatic properties of pr from reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) have not been clearly documented. the recombinant pr, its mutant fused with a his-tag, and its substrate p18-p30 fused with a gst-tag were ...201526102339
[development of monoclonal antibodies against the gp90 protein of reticuloendotheliosis virus and mapping of their recognition regions].in order to develop monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) against the gp90 protein of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), the his-tagged gp90 protein of rev was used to immunize balb/c mice. hybridomas were generated by fusing mouse myeloma cells sp2/0 with the splenocytes from the immunized mice. after screening and 3 rounds of cloning process, 3 hybridomas (3g5-b8, 3g5-a10 and 1g12) that stably secreted mcabs against the rev-gp90 were obtained. the isotypes of the mcabs were determined to be igg1, igg1 ...201526021081
transcriptional profiling of host gene expression in chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus strain ha1101.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), a member of the gammaretrovirus genus in the retroviridae family, causes an immunosuppressive, oncogenic and runting-stunting syndrome in multiple avian hosts. to better understand the host interactions at the transcriptional level, microarray data analysis was performed in chicken embryo fibroblast cells at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after infection with rev. this study identified 1,785 differentially expressed genes that were classified into several functional group ...201525973612
key determinants of target dna recognition by retroviral intasomes.retroviral integration favors weakly conserved palindrome sequences at the sites of viral dna joining and generates a short (4-6 bp) duplication of host dna flanking the provirus. we previously determined two key parameters that underlie the target dna preference for prototype foamy virus (pfv) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) integration: flexible pyrimidine (y)/purine (r) dinucleotide steps at the centers of the integration sites, and base contacts with specific integrase residu ...201525924943
isolation and full-genome sequence of two reticuloendotheliosis virus strains from mixed infections with marek's disease virus in china.reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), classified as a gammaretrovirus, has a variety of hosts, including chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys, and wild birds. rev causes a series of pathological syndromes, especially the immunosuppression of the host, which may lead to an increased susceptibility to other pathogens, thus greatly damaging the poultry industry. mixed infections of rev and marek's disease virus (mdv) have been reported in many countries, including china. previous reports revealed that mdv ...201525850423
isolation, identification, and whole genome sequencing of reticuloendotheliosis virus from a vaccine against marek's disease.according to the requirements of the ministry of agriculture of china, all vaccines must be screened for exogenous virus contamination before commercialization. a freeze-dried vaccine against marek's disease was used to inoculate specific pathogen-free chickens, from which serum samples were collected after 42 days. the results were positive for reticuloendotheliosis virus antibody, which was indicative of reticuloendotheliosis virus contamination. after neutralization with serum positive for ma ...201525725074
serologic survey of wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) and evidence of exposure to avian encephalomyelitis virus in georgia and florida, usa.wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) are susceptible to many of the same diseases as domestic turkeys. before 2005, most wild turkeys in southern georgia, us, had little or no exposure to commercial poultry operations. as part of a pathogen survey examining the effects of commercial poultry on wild turkeys, samples were collected from wild turkeys from march 2005 through may 2008. the turkeys were collected from 13 counties in southern georgia and madison county, florida, and tested for antibodies ...201525647602
common occurrence of gallid herpesvirus-2 with reticuloendotheliosis virus in chickens caused by possible contamination of vaccine stocks.the aim of this study was to investigate the common occurrence of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) among gallid herpesvirus 2 (gahv-2) infected chickens. the possible cause of this co-occurrence may be linked to contaminated vaccine stocks, which were also examined.201525641090
a recombinant field strain of marek's disease (md) virus with reticuloendotheliosis virus long terminal repeat insert lacking the meq gene as a vaccine against md.marek's disease virus (mdv) gx0101, which is a field strain with a naturally occurring insertion of the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) long terminal repeat (ltr) fragment, shows distinct biological activities. deletion of the meq gene in gx0101 contributes to its complete loss of pathogenicity and oncogenicity in spf chickens, but this virus has a kanamycin resistance gene (kan(r)) residual at the site of meq gene. in the present study, the kan(r) was knocked out and a meq-null virus with a g ...201525562789
lack of evidence that avian oncogenic viruses are infectious for humans: a review.chickens may be infected with three different oncogenic viruses: avian leukosis virus (alv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), and marek's disease herpesvirus (mdv). several epidemiological studies have suggested a link between these viruses and different types of cancer in people working in poultry processing plants and with multiple sclerosis. in this article, we analyze the epidemiological evidence that these viruses are causative agents for human cancer, followed by description of the relev ...201425518427
synergistic pathogenic effects of co-infection of subgroup j avian leukosis virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus in broiler chickens.to study interactions between avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and the effects of co-infection on pathogenicity of these viruses, 1-day-old broiler chicks were infected with alv-j, rev or both alv-j and rev. the results indicated that co-infection of alv-j and rev induced more growth retardation and higher mortality rate than alv-j or rev single infection (p < 0.05). chickens co-infected with alv-j and rev also showed more severe immunosuppression tha ...201525484188
immunomodulatory effects of taishan pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide and propolis on immunosuppressed chickens.co-infection of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and avian leukosis virus subgroup j (alv-j), which can cause suppressed immunity and vaccination failure, frequently occurs in chicken flocks in china. taishan pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide (tppps) and propolis (pp) have been proven to possess immune modulatory effects and improve the immune effects of vaccines. this study aimed to investigate the immune modulatory ability of tppps and pp on chickens co-infected with immunosuppressive vi ...201525450885
avian oncogenic virus differential diagnosis in chickens using oligonucleotide microarray.avian oncogenic viruses include the avian leukosis virus (alv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and marek's disease virus (mdv). multiple oncogenic viral infections are frequently seen, with even marek's disease vaccines reported to be contaminated with alv and rev. the gross lesions caused by avian oncogenic viruses often overlap, making differentiation diagnosis based on histopathology difficult. the objective of this study is to develop a rapid approach to simultaneously differentiate, subg ...201425286179
[isolation and characterization of a non-pathogenic marek's disease virus with a naturally inserted rev ltr sequence].marek's disease virus (mdv), gd06 strain, was isolated from healthy three-yellow chickens without md vaccine. in this study, we characterized gd06 strain.201425272816
Refresh
firstprev
1234567
nextlast
Displaying items 1 - 100 of 652