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isolation of a fungus pencicillium sp. with zinc tolerance and its mechanism of resistance.a zinc (zn)-tolerant fungus, designated bc109-2, was isolated from rhizosphere soil and was identified as penicillium janthinellum bc109-2 based on its sequence analysis. to understand its zn tolerance mechanisms, a series of studies was carried out addressing the subcellular distribution of zn, its chemical forms, and the antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione s-transferase, reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione and malondialdehyde ...201728887685
antioxidant and antifungal activity of selected medicinal plant extracts against phytopathogenic fungi.medicinal plants are used by many ethnic groups as a source of medicine for the treatment of various ailments in both humans and domestic animals. these plants produce secondary metabolites that have antimicrobial properties, thus screening of medicinal plants provide another alternative for producing chemical fungicides that are relatively non-toxic and cost-effective.201628852739
antimicrobial activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition by extracts from chromatin modulated fungi.major health challenges as the increasing number of cases of infections by antibiotic multiresistant microorganisms and cases of alzheimer's disease have led to searching new control drugs. the present study aims to verify a new way of obtaining bioactive extracts from filamentous fungi with potential antimicrobial and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities, using epigenetic modulation to promote the expression of genes commonly silenced. for such finality, five filamentous fungal species (t ...201728818332
new brefeldins and penialidins from marine fungus penicillium janthinellum dt-f29.a fermentation of marine fungus penicillium janthinellum dt-f29 on solid rice medium led to the isolation of three new compounds, brefeldin d (1) and penialidins d-e (5-6), along with other five known brefeldins and penialidins. the structures of above compounds were determined on the basis of ms and nmr analysis.201728722499
endophytic paecilomyces formosus lhl10 augments glycine max l. adaptation to ni-contamination through affecting endogenous phytohormones and oxidative stress.this study investigated the ni-removal efficiency of phytohormone-producing endophytic fungi penicillium janthinellum, paecilomyces formosus, exophiala sp., and preussia sp. among four different endophytes, p. formosus lhl10 was able to tolerate up to 1 mm ni in contaminated media as compared to copper and cadmium. p. formosus lhl10 was further assessed for its potential to enhance the phytoremediation of glycine max (soybean) in response to dose-dependent increases in soil ni (0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 ...201728611799
a proteomic-based investigation of potential copper-responsive biomarkers: proteins, conceptual networks, and metabolic pathways featuring penicillium janthinellum from a heavy metal-polluted ecological niche.filamentous fungi-copper (cu) interactions are very important in the formation of natural ecosystems and the bioremediation of heavy metal pollution. however, important issues at the proteome level remain unclear. we compared six proteomes from cu-resistant wild-type (wt) penicillium janthinellum strain gxcr and a cu-sensitive mutant (ec-6) under 0, 0.5, and 3 mmol/l cu treatments using itraq. a total of 495 known proteins were identified, and the following conclusions were drawn from the result ...201728488414
concurrent methylation and demethylation of arsenic by fungi and their differential expression in the protoplasm proteome.microbial methylation and demethylation are central to arsenic's (as) biogeochemical cycling. here, the transformations of monomethylarsonic acid (mma(v)) (50 mg l(-1)) for 15 days in cells of as-methylating fungi, fusarium oxysporum cz-8f1, penicillium janthinellum sm-12f4, and trichoderma asperellum sm-12f1, were evaluated, and trace concentrations of as(iii) and as(v) were observed in fungal cell extracts. trace amounts of dma(v) were also detected in mma(v) and p. janthinellum sm-12f4 incuba ...201728336093
production of intracellular β-xylosidase from the submerged fermentation of citrus wastes by penicillium janthinellum mtcc 10889.production of intracellular β-xylosidase was studied in cultures of penicillium janthinellum grown on citrus fruit waste supplemented cultivation media. both dried orange peel and sweet lime peel could induce the production of this enzyme. the working strain showed a pronounced optimum ph and temperature for β-xylosidase production at 6.0 and 27 °c, respectively. the enzyme production was found to remain stable for a long period of 120 h. orange peel and sweet lime peel showed different response ...201328324373
penicilones a-d, anti-mrsa azaphilones from the marine-derived fungus penicillium janthinellum hk1-6.four new azaphilones, penicilones a-d (1-4), were isolated from the mangrove rhizosphere soil-derived fungus penicillium janthinellum hk1-6. their planar structures and absolute configurations were determined by extensive analysis of nmr spectroscopic data, ecd spectra, the modified mosher's method, and chemical conversions. interestingly, 1 and 2 had the opposite configuration at c-7 compared to the closely related chloro analogues 3 and 4. ester hydrolysis of 2 and 4 afforded their parental az ...201728248508
penicisulfuranols a-f, alkaloids from the mangrove endophytic fungus penicillium janthinellum hdn13-309.six new epipolythiodioxopiperazine (etp) alkaloids, penicisulfuranols a-f (1-6), were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus penicillium janthinellum hdn13-309. all structures including absolute configurations were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic data and ecd calculations. they belong to the unusual family of etps containing sulfur atoms on both α- and β-positions of amino acid residues and a rare 1,2-oxazadecaline core moiety. in addition, compounds 1-6 also possess ...201727992183
production, purification and characterization of an exo-polygalacturonase from penicillium janthinellum sw09.a soil isolate, penicillium janthinellum sw09 has been found to produce significant amounts of an extracellular pectinase subsequently characterized as exo-polygalacturonase (exo-pg). by optimizing growth conditions, p. janthinellum sw09 produced high amount of exo-pg (16.54 units/ml). the crude enzyme was purified by gel filtration chromatography and two exo-pg activity peaks (designated as pgi and pgii) were revealed. on sds-page analysis, purified pgii using deae-sepharose ff column, was foun ...201627142550
chemical characterization of fatty acids, alkanes, n-diols and alkyl esters produced by a mixed culture of trichoderma koningii and penicillium janthinellum grown aerobically on undecanoic acid, potatoe dextrose and their mixture.little is known about the mixed fungal synthesis of high-value aliphatics derived from the metabolism of simple and complex carbon substrates. trichoderma koningii and penicillium janthinellum were fed with undecanoic acid (uda), potatoe dextrose broth (pdb), and their mixture. pyrolysis field ionization mass spectrometry (py-fims) together with (1)h and (13)c nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) characterized chcl3 soluble aliphatics in the fungal cell culture. data from nmr and py-fims analysis we ...201626852878
untreated wheat straw: potential source for diverse cellulolytic enzyme secretion by penicillium janthinellum ems-uv-8 mutant.study describes the production of cellulases by penicillium janthinellum ems-uv-8 using untreated wheat straw (ws), treated ws (acid, alkali, steam exploded, organo-solv) and pure cellulosic substrates (avicel, cellulose-ii and carboxymethyl cellulose). severely pretreated ws and cellulose-ii produced more cellulolytic enzymes than untreated samples. xrd and ftir analysis revels that the increase in the amorphous structure of pretreated ws/cellulose increases enzyme production. enzyme samples pr ...201526291411
biodegradation of kerosene: study of growth optimization and metabolic fate of p. janthinellum sdx7.penicillum janthinellum sdx7 was isolated from aged petroleum hydrocarbon-affected soil at the site of anand, gujarat, india, and was tested for different ph, temperature, agitation and concentrations for optimal growth of the isolate that was capable of degrading upto 95%, 63% and 58% of 1%, 3% and 5% kerosene, respectively, after a period of 16 days, at optimal growth conditions of ph 6.0, 30 °c and 180 rpm agitation. the gc/ms chromatograms revealed that then-alkane fractions are easily degra ...201526273254
paths and determinants for penicillium janthinellum to resist low and high copper.copper (cu) tolerance was well understood in fungi yeasts but not in filamentous fungi. filamentous fungi are eukaryotes but unlike eukaryotic fungi yeasts, which are a collection of various fungi that are maybe classified into different taxa but all characterized by growth as filamentous hyphae cells and with a complex morphology. the current knowledge of cu resistance of filamentous fungi is still fragmental and therefore needs to be bridged. in this study, we characterized cu resistance of pe ...201526265593
demethylation of arsenic limits its volatilization in fungi.arsenic (as) biomethylation is increasingly being regarded as a promising method to volatize as from the environment; however, the as volatilization efficiency of most microorganisms is low. here, the speciation transformation of dimethylarsinic acid (dma) as an important methylation intermediate in the cells of fusarium oxysporum cz-8f1, penicillium janthinellum sm-12f4, and trichoderma asperellum sm-12f1 were investigated. these fungal strains have been certified to volatilize as from as-loade ...201525951513
phytohormones enabled endophytic fungal symbiosis improve aluminum phytoextraction in tolerant solanum lycopersicum: an examples of penicillium janthinellum lk5 and comparison with exogenous ga3.this work investigates the potentials of fungal-endophyte penicillium janthinellum lk5 (pjlk5) and its inherent gibberellic acid (ga3) as reference to enhance aluminum (al) induced toxicity in tolerant tomato (solanum lycopersicum) plants. initial screening showed significantly higher uptake of al by pjlk5. aluminum stress (100 μm) significantly retarted plant growth in control plants. conversely pjlk5 and ga3 application significantly increased morphological attributes of al-tolerant tomato pla ...201525885165
selection and molecular characterization of cellulolytic-xylanolytic fungi from surface soil-biomass mixtures from black belt sites.plant biomass is an abundant renewable natural resource that can be transformed into chemical feedstocks. enzymes used in saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass are a major part of biofuel production costs. a cocktail of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes are required for optimal saccharification of biomass. accordingly, thirty-two fungal pure cultures were obtained from surface soil-biomass mixtures collected from black belt sites in alabama by culturing on lignocellulosic biomass medium ...201525817459
arsenic speciation transformation and arsenite influx and efflux across the cell membrane of fungi investigated using hplc-hg-afs and in-situ xanes.microorganisms dominated speciation of arsenic (as) play an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of as. in the study, species transformation of arsenite [as(iii)] and as(iii) influx and efflux across the cell membranes of trichoderma asperellum sm-12f1, penicillium janthinellum sm-12f4, and fusarium oxysporum cz-8f1 cells were studied using a cellular lysis plus chromatographic separation method and further the in-situ x-ray absorption near edge structure (xanes) analysis. the results in ...201525460757
penicillium janthinellum: a source of efficient and high levels of β-glucosidase.penicillium janthinellum strain isolated from leaf litters of oak trees from montane alpine forests of shivalik hills (india) produced high levels of β-glucosidase both during solid-state fermentation (796 units/gds) and shake flask cultures (65.3 units/ml). the peptide mass fingerprinting of the secretome showed a variety of glycosyl hydrolases. β-glucosidase was purified and characterized to be a gh3 family member that had a molecular weight (m r) of 101 kda and pi of 4.5. β-glucosidase was op ...201525351628
metabolism of nc11 fatty acid fed to trichoderma koningii and penicillium janthinellum ii: production of intracellular and extracellular lipids.little is known about the fungal metabolism of nc10 and nc11 fatty acids and their conversion into lipids. a mixed batch culture of soil fungi, t. koningii and p. janthinellum, was grown on undecanoic acid (uda), a mixture of uda and potato dextrose broth (uda+pdb), and pdb alone to examine their metabolic conversion during growth. we quantified seven intracellular and extracellular lipid classes using iatroscan thin-layer chromatography with flame ionization detection (tlc-fid). gas chromatogra ...201425310811
metabolism of n-c10:0 and n-c11:0 fatty acids by trichoderma koningii, penicillium janthinellum and their mixed culture: i. biomass and co2 production, and allocation of intracellular lipids.the capacity of two soil fungi, trichoderma koningii and penicillium janthinellum, to oxidize n-c10:0 and n-c11:0 fatty acids to co2 and store intracellular lipids during growth is unknown. this article reports for the first time the metabolism of decanoic acid (da, c10:0), undecanoic acid (uda, n-c11:0), a mixture of the acids (uda+da) and a mixture of uda+ potato dextrose broth (pdb) by t. koningii and p. janthinellum and their mixed culture. a control pdb complex substrate was used as a subst ...201425310810
bioethanol production from wheat straw via enzymatic route employing penicillium janthinellum cellulases.this study concerns in-house development of cellulases from a mutant penicillium janthinellum ems-uv-8 and its application in separate hydrolysis and fermentation (shf) and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) processes for bioethanol production from pre-treated wheat straw. in a 5l fermentor, the above strain could produce cellulases having activity of 3.1 fpu/ml and a specific activity of 0.83 fpu/mg of protein. in-house developed cellulase worked more efficiently in case of ss ...201425086433
production and purification of a fungal chitosanase and chitooligomers from penicillium janthinellum d4 and discovery of the enzyme activators.chitosanases have received much attention because of their wide range of applications. although most fungal chitosanases use sugar as their major carbon source, in the present work, a chitosanase was induced from a squid pen powder (spp)-containing penicillium janthinellum d4 medium and purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and combined column chromatography. the purified d4 chitosanase exhibited optimum activity at ph 7-9, 60°c and was stable at ph 7-11, 25-50°c. the d4 chitosanase that w ...201424751281
fungal endophyte penicillium janthinellum lk5 improves growth of aba-deficient tomato under salinity.an endophytic fungus was isolated from the roots of tomato (solanum lycopersicum mill) and identified as penicillium janthinellum lk5. the culture filtrate (cf) of p. janthinellum significantly increased the shoot length of gibberellins (gas) deficient mutant waito-c and normal dongjin-beyo rice seedlings as compared to control. the cf of p. janthinellum contained gas (ga3, ga4, ga7 and ga12). to assess endophyte-growth promoting and stress-tolerance potential, the cf along with the propagules o ...201323842755
cytotoxic metabolites from the cultures of endophytic fungi from panax ginseng.two strains of endophytic fungi, penicillium melinii yuan-25 and penicillium janthinellum yuan-27, with strong anti-pyricularia oryzae activity, were obtained from the roots of panax ginseng. based on bioactivity-oriented isolation, a new benzaldehyde derivative, ginsenocin (1), together with six known compounds, methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,5,6-trimethylbenzoate (2), 3,4,5-trimethyl-1,2-benzenediol (3), penicillic acid (4), mannitol (5), ergosterol (6), and ergosterol peroxide (7), were separated fro ...201323793342
antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of isolated compounds from leaves of breonadia salicina.breonadia salicina is used traditionally to treat wounds, ulcers, fevers, headaches, and fungal infections. the aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of the plant extract and compounds isolated there from.201323727185
fungal communities in the garden chamber soils of leaf-cutting ants.leaf-cutting ants modify the properties of the soil adjacent to their nests. here, we examined whether such an ant-altered environment impacts the belowground fungal communities. fungal diversity and community structure of soil from the fungus garden chambers of atta sexdens rubropilosa and atta bisphaerica, two widespread leaf-cutting ants in brazil, were determined and compared with non-nest soils. culture-dependent methods revealed similar species richness but different community compositions ...201423681670
structure, recombinant expression and mutagenesis studies of the catalase with oxidase activity from scytalidium thermophilum.scytalidium thermophilum produces a catalase with phenol oxidase activity (catpo) that catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water and also oxidizes various phenolic compounds. a codon-optimized catpo gene was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the crystal structures of native and recombinant s. thermophilum catpo and two variants, h82n and v123f, were determined at resolutions of 2.7, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.9 å, respectively. the structure of catpo reveals a homotetram ...201323519415
biotransformation of imperatorin by penicillium janthinellum. anti-osteoporosis activities of its metabolites.imperatorin (imp) is a major constituent of many herbal medicines and possesses anti-osteoporosis activity. the present research work aimed to study the biotransformation processes of imp and evaluated the anti-osteoporosis activity of the transformed metabolites. among 18 strains of filamentous fungi screened, penicillium janthinellum as 3.510 exhibited good capability to metabolise imp to the new derivatives. ten transformed products were isolated and purified, and their structures were identi ...201223497884
isolation, identification and antimicrobial activity of propolis-associated fungi.propolis is a natural product widely known for its medicinal properties. in this work, fungi present on propolis samples were isolated, identified and tested for the production of antimicrobial metabolites. twenty-two fungal isolates were obtained, some of which were identified as alternaria alternata, aspergillus flavus, bipolaris hawaiiensis, fusarium merismoides, lasiodiplodia theobromae, penicillium citrinum, penicillium crustosum, penicillium janthinellum, penicillium purpurogenum, pestalot ...201323439233
[biotransformation of cycloartane-type triterpenoid from myrrh].to study the biotransformation of cycloartan-24-ene-1alpha,2alpha, 3beta-triol isolated from myrrh and find new antitumor bioactive cycloartane-type derivatives.201223252274
arsenate reduction and methylation in the cells of trichoderma asperellum sm-12f1, penicillium janthinellum sm-12f4, and fusarium oxysporum cz-8f1 investigated with x-ray absorption near edge structure.synchrotron radiation-based x-ray absorption near edge structure (xanes) was introduced to directly analysis chemical species of arsenic (as) in the cells of trichoderma asperellum sm-12f1, penicillium janthinellum sm-12f4, and fusarium oxysporum cz-8f1 capable of as accumulation and volatilisation. after exposure to as(v) of 500 mg l(-1) for 15 days, a total of 60.5% and 65.3% of the accumulated as in the cells of t. asperellum sm-12f1 and p. janthinellum sm-12f4, respectively, was as(iii), fol ...201223122191
[characteristics of the eukaryotic community structure in acid mine drainage lake in anhui province, china].we characterized eukaryotic community structure and the relationship between the community structure and environmental factors in acidic mine drainage (amd) lake of a sulfide mine in anhui province, china.201223115972
thirty years of heme catalases structural biology.about thirty years ago the crystal structures of the heme catalases from penicillium vitale (pvc) and, a few months later, from bovine liver (blc) were published. both enzymes were compact tetrameric molecules with subunits that, despite their size differences and the large phylogenetic separation between the two organisms, presented a striking structural similarity for about 460 residues. the high conservation, confirmed in all the subsequent structures determined, suggested a strong pressure t ...201122209752
Arsenic biotransformation by arsenic-resistant fungi Trichoderma asperellum SM-12F1, Penicillium janthinellum SM-12F4, and Fusarium oxysporum CZ-8F1.Bioremediation of arsenic (As)-contaminated soil using microorganisms has been a focus of research because it is environment friendly and cost-effective. The As-resistant fungi Trichoderma asperellum SM-12F1, Penicillium janthinellum SM-12F4, and Fusarium oxysporum CZ-8F1 were exposed to 50 mg l(-1) of As(V), and the biotransformation of As and the concomitant variance of Eh and pH in the media were studied. Fresh weights of all three isolates increased and then decreased depended on cultivation ...201121920586
cloning of exoinulinase gene from penicillium janthinellum strain b01 and its high-level expression in pichia pastoris.the aim of this study is to improve exoinulinase production by expression of a cloned exoinulinase gene inua1 (genbank accession no. jf961344) from penicillium janthinellum strain b01 in pichia pastoris.201121895898
[Isolation and identification of dominant microorganisms in rhizosphere of continuous cropping with peanut].We isolated and identified dominant microorganisms from the rhizosphere of continuous cropping with peanut, to study the relationship between dominant microorganisms and peanut continuous cropping.201121866710
proton transfer drives protein radical formation in helicobacter pylori catalase but not in penicillium vitale catalase.heme catalases prevent cells from oxidative damage by decomposing hydrogen peroxide into water and molecular oxygen. here we investigate the factors that give rise to an undesirable side reaction competing with normal catalase activity, the migration of a radical from the heme active site to the protein in the principal reaction intermediate compound i (cpd i). recently, it has been proposed that this electron transfer reaction takes place in cpd i of helicobacter pylori catalase (hpc), but not ...201121381757
screening filamentous tropical fungi for their nutritional potential as sources of crude proteins, lipids and minerals.the use of fungal and yeast biomass in foodstuff, either as supplements or as major ingredients in formulations is an area of growing interest for the modern food industry. the aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional potential of biomasses obtained from filamentous fungi penicillium sclerotiorum, penicillium janthinellum, rhizopus stolonifer and syncephalastrum racemosum. biomasses presented 26-37% of total proteins, 1.7-3.5% of lipids and 4.6-9.1% of ashes. the humidity level reached ...201021339148
comparative production of cellulases by mutants of penicillium janthinellum ncim 1171 and its application in hydrolysis of avicel and cellulose.mutants of penicillium janthinellum ncim 1171 were evaluated for cellulase production using both submerged fermentation (smf) and solid state fermentation (ssf). mutant eu2d-21 gave highest yields of cellulases in both smf and ssf. hydrolysis of avicel and cellulose were compared using smf and ssf derived enzyme preparations obtained from eu2d-21. surprisingly, the use of ssf derived preparation gave less hydrolysis compared to smf derived enzymes. this may be due to inactivation of β-glucosidas ...201121300541
culture-independent characterization of bacteria and fungi in a poultry bioaerosol using pyrosequencing: a new approach.work in animal production facilities often results in exposure to organic dusts. previous studies have documented decreases in pulmonary function and lung inflammation among workers exposed to organic dust in the poultry industry. bacteria and fungi have been reported as components of the organic dust produced in poultry facilities. to date, little is known about the diversity and concentration of bacteria and fungi inside poultry buildings. all previous investigations have utilized culture-base ...201021058154
penicillium araracuarense sp. nov., penicillium elleniae sp. nov., penicillium penarojense sp. nov., penicillium vanderhammenii sp. nov. and penicillium wotroi sp. nov., isolated from leaf litter.several species of the genus penicillium were isolated during a survey of the mycobiota of leaf litter and soil in colombian amazon forest. five species, penicillium penarojense sp. nov. (type strain cbs 113178(t) = ibt 23262(t)), penicillium wotroi sp. nov. (type strain cbs 118171(t) = ibt 23253(t)), penicillium araracuarense sp. nov. (type strain cbs 113149(t) = ibt 23247(t)), penicillium elleniae sp. nov. (type strain cbs 118135(t) = ibt 23229(t)) and penicillium vanderhammenii sp. nov. (type ...201120639229
enzymatically synthesized polyaniline layer for extension of linear detection region of amperometric glucose biosensor.in this article a new method for fabrication of enzymatic electrodes suitable for design of amperometric glucose biosensor and/or anode of biofuel cell powered by glucose is presented. glucose oxidase (gox) e.c. 1.1.3.4. from penicillium vitale was immobilized on the carbon rod electrode by cross-linking it with glutaraldehyde (gox-electrode). catalytic activity of immobilized gox was exploited for polymerisation of aniline by taking a high concentration of hydrogen peroxide produced during the ...201020638831
functional characterization of the copper-transporting p-type atpase gene of penicillium janthinellum strain gxcr.copper (cu)-transporting p-type atpase (ctpa) genes have been documented to play an important role in resistance to heavy metals. however, our understanding of roles of ctpa genes of the filamentous fungi was based only on sequence similarity prediction before. in a previous study, we isolated a penicillum janthinellum strain gxcr of higher tolerance to cu (200 mm). in this study, we cloned the partial cdna of ctpa gene, named pcpa, from the strain gxcr. sequence alignment indicated that the clo ...201020127468
the molecular mechanism of the catalase reaction.catalases are ubiquitous enzymes that prevent cell oxidative damage by degrading hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen (2h(2)o(2) --> 2 h(2)o + o(2)) with high efficiency. the enzyme is first oxidized to a high-valent iron intermediate, known as compound i (cpd i) which, in contrast to other hydroperoxidases, is reduced back to the resting state by further reacting with h(2)o(2). by means of hybrid qm/mm car-parrinello metadynamics simulations, we have investigated the mechanism of the reduction ...200919653683
[effects of pre-treatment on cu2+ absorption of penicillium janthinellum strain gxcr].in order to effectively increase capacity of cu2+ absorption by penicillium from cu2+-containing aqueous solution and to study the mechanisms of absorption, effects of eight pre-treatment methods on cu2+ absorption of penicillium janthinellum strain gxcr were compared. the results showed that the efficiency of cu2+ absorption obviously increased through pre-treatment by homogenization, homogenization-basification (naoh), oven dry (80 degrees c), homogenization-salinification (nacl), homogenizati ...200919441230
[cu and fe bioleaching in low-grade chalcopyrite and bioleaching mechanisms using penicillium janthinellum strain gxcr].bioleaching of cu and fe in low-grade chalcopyrite using penicillium janthinellum strian gxcr was studied. as a result, shaking bioleaching was more efficient than submerged bioleaching; cu bioleaching was much better than fe bioleaching; under conditions of optimum carbon source (10% sucrose, w/v), optimum nitrogen source (1.5% nano3, w/v), shaking bioleaching and the optimum combination of conditions (initial ph 6.0 in leaching media, 5% (w/v) 200-mesh ore and initial inocula of 3.0x10(5) coni ...200819256351
a new indoloditerpene derivative, penijanthine a, isolated from penicillium janthinellum.in a screen searching for new bioactive agents, a new indoloditerpene, penijanthine a (1), was isolated from penicillium janthinellum ifm 55557. the structure of 1 was established on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical investigation, as well as detailed comparison with the spectroscopic and physico-chemical data of paxilline (2), which was isolated along with 1.200918850072
xylanase recovery by ethanol and na2so4 precipitation.xylans are the major components of the hemicellulosic fraction of lignocellulosic biomass and their hydrolysis can be obtained using xylanases from penicillium janthinellum. in this work, sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate was used as the substrate for producing xylanase. the precipitation of these enzymes was studied using ethanol and na2so4 as precipitating agents. ethanol precipitation experiments were performed batchwise in concentrations ranging from 10 to 80%, ph 4.0 to 7.0, at 4 ...199818576030
xylanase recovery. effect of extraction conditions on the aqueous two-phase system using experimental design.the partitioning of xylanase produced by penicillium janthinellum in aqueous two-phase systems (atps) using poly(ethylene glycol) (peg) and phosphate (k2hpo4/kh2po4) was studied employing a statistical experimental design. the aim was to identify the key factors governing xylanase partitioning. the interactions of five factors (peg concentration molecular weight, concentration of buffer k2hpo4/kh2po4, ph, and nacl concentration) and their main effects on the partition coefficient (k) were evalua ...199818576027
release of cellulases from penicillium janthinellum. 198618553855
effect of germicidal uvc light on fungi isolated from grapes and raisins.to examine how uvc affects the different genera of fungi commonly isolated from grapes, with the aim of understanding changes in mycobiota during grape ripening and possible applications for preventing grape decay during storage.200717718833
effect of preharvest fungicides and interacting fungi on aspergillus carbonarius growth and ochratoxin a synthesis in dehydrating grapes.to evaluate the effect of preharvest grape pesticides in aspergillus section nigri infection in dehydrating grapes and the final ochratoxin a (ota) content. additionally, the effect of coinoculation of moulds frequently isolated from grapes and raisins on aspergillus section nigri infection was studied.200717651218
indole alkaloids produced by a marine fungus isolate of penicillium janthinellum biourge.three new indole alkaloids, shearinines d, e, and f (1-3), together with the known shearinine a (4) were isolated from the marine-derived strain of the fungus penicillium janthinellum biourge. the chemical structures of 1-4 were established by 2d nmr and hreims data. shearinines a, d, and e induce apoptosis in human leukemia hl-60 cells, and shearinine e also inhibits egf-induced malignant transformation of jb6 p+ cl 41 cells in a soft agar.200717555349
the structures and electronic configuration of compound i intermediates of helicobacter pylori and penicillium vitale catalases determined by x-ray crystallography and qm/mm density functional theory calculations.the structures of helicobacter pylori (hpc) and penicillium vitale (pvc) catalases, each with two subunits in the crystal asymmetric unit, oxidized with peroxoacetic acid are reported at 1.8 and 1.7 a resolution, respectively. despite the similar oxidation conditions employed, the iron-oxygen coordination length is 1.72 a for pvc, close to what is expected for a fe=o double bond, and 1.80 and 1.85 a for hpc, suggestive of a fe-o single bond. the structure and electronic configuration of the oxof ...200717358056
janthinolide a-b, two new 2,5-piperazinedione derivatives from the endophytic penicillium janthinellum isolated from the soft coral dendronephthya sp.two new 2,5-piperazinedione derivatives, janthinolide a and b (1-2), along with deoxymycelianamide, griseofulvin and dechlorogriseofulvin were isolated from the fermentation broths of the endophytic fungus penicillium janthinellum isolated from a soft coral, dendronephthya sp. their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic data analysis.200617283665
effect of intra and interspecific interaction on ota production by a. section nigri in grapes during dehydration.the aim of this study was to assess the colonizing capability and ota production of different populations of aspergillus section nigri spp. in grapes, as affected by the interactions with other fungi, during a simulated in vitro sun-drying. mature white grapes were divided into two lots of healthy and artificially injured grapes and inoculated with a. section nigri spp. (a. carbonarius ota producer, a. niger aggregate ota producer, a. niger aggregate ota non-producer), eurotium amstelodami and p ...200717188203
strain improvement of penicillium janthinellum ncim 1171 for increased cellulase production.the strain of penicillium janthinellum ncim 1171 was subjected to mutation involving treatment of ethyl methyl sulfonate (ems) for 24h followed by uv-irradiation for 3min. successive mutants showed enhanced cellulase production (ems-uv-8), clearance zone on avicel containing plate (sm2) and rapid growth on walseth cellulose agar plates containing 0.2% 2-deoxy-d-glucose (sm3). these mutants were transferred to walseth cellulose plates containing higher concentration (1.5%) of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (s ...200717097876
[collagenolytic activity in several species of deuteromycetes under various storage conditions].the ability of deuteromycetes of the genera penicillium, aspergillus, and botrytis to retain collagenolytic activity was studied after both 2 and 10 years of storage on a czapek medium under a layer of mineral oil at 4 degrees c, as well as in silica gel granules at 20 and -60 degrees c. the enzymatic activity of several species, including botrytis terrestris, penicillium janthinellum, penicillium chrysogenum, and penicillium citrinum, was retained under both conditions of storage. aspergillus r ...200617022462
studies on the interaction between grape-associated filamentous fungi on a synthetic medium.eleven fungi isolated from grapes and sun-dried grapes (alternaria alternata, cladosporium herbarum, eurotium amstelodami, penicillium janthinellum, p. decumbens, trichoderma harzianum, candida sp., aspergillus carbonarius ota-negative, a. carbonarius ota-positive, a. niger var. niger. and a. japonicus var. aculeatus), were grown in snm medium at different water activities (0.82-0.97) and temperature (20-40 degrees c) levels for 18 days. pairs of one aspergillus faced with one non-aspergillus we ...200716996158
fungal colonization of soil-buried plasticized polyvinyl chloride (ppvc) and the impact of incorporated biocides.plasticized polyvinyl chloride (ppvc) with or without incorporated biocides was buried in grassland and forest soil for up to 10 months. the change with time in viable counts of fungi on the plastic surface was followed, together with the percentage capable of clearing the two plasticizers dioctyl adipate (doa) and dioctyl phthalate (dop). with time fungal total viable counts (tvc) on control ppvc increased and the fraction able to clear doa was considerably higher than the average estimated in ...200616735736
formation and location of 1,4-beta-glucanases and 1,4-beta-glucosidases from penicillium janthinellum.formation and location of 1,4-beta-glucanases and 1,4-beta-glucosidases were studied in cultures of penicillium janthinellum grown on avicel, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, cellobiose, glucose, mannose, and maltose. endo-1,4-beta-glucanases were found to be cell free, and their formation was induced by cellobiose. 1,4-beta-glucosidases, on the other hand, were formed constitutively and were primarily cell free, but with a small amount strongly associated with the cell wall. low 1,4-beta-glucosi ...198116345751
subcellular localization of fructosyl amino acid oxidases in peroxisomes of aspergillus terreus and penicillium janthinellum.fructosyl amino acid oxidase (faod) is the enzyme catalyzing the oxidative deglycation of amadori compounds, such as fructosyl amino acids, yielding the corresponding amino acids, glucosone, and h(2)o(2). in a previous report, we determined the primary structures of cdnas coding for faods from two fungal strains aspergillus terreus ap1 and penicillium janthinellum and we found that both fungal faods included the putative peroxisome targeting signal 1 (pts1) at the carboxyl terminal (yoshida, n. ...199916232435
[catalase activity as affected by carnosine and sodium nitrite in vitro].it was shown in vitro that the activity of catalase penicillium vitale decreases when treated by sodium nitrite to the greater extent than when affected by dipeptide carnosine (beta-alanyl-l-histidine). at alternating introduction of carnosine and nano2 that component affected the catalase activity which was the first to be introduced. the entering of the next metabolite into the medium did not change the enzyme activity. it is shown that carnosine binds with a molecule of catalase. carnosine ma ...201516100910
liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the identification of l-tetrahydropalmatine metabolites in penicillium janthinellum and rats.l-tetrahydropalmatine (l-thp) is an active alkaloid from stephania ainiaca diels. in order to compare the similarities and differences of microbial and mammalian metabolisms of l-thp, the microbial transformation by penicillium janthinellum and metabolism in rats were investigated. biotransformation of l-thp by penicillium janthinellum as 3.510 resulted in the formation of three metabolites. their structures were identified as l-corydalmine, l-corypalmine and 9-o-desmethyl-l-thp, respectively, b ...200615959869
production of xylanase and protease by penicillium janthinellum crc 87m-115 from different agricultural wastes.five agricultural wastes were evaluated in submerged fermentation for xylanolytic enzymes production by penicillium janthinellum. the wastes were hydrolyzed in acid medium and the liquid fraction was used for cultivation. corn cob (55.3 u/ml) and oat husk (54.8 u/ml) were the best inducers of xylanase. sugar cane bagasse (23.0 u/ml) and corn husk (23.8 u/ml) were moderately good, while cassava peel was negligible. protease production was very low in all agro-industrial residues. the maximum biom ...200615953719
extractive cultivation of xylanase by penicillium janthinellum in a poly(ethylene glycol)/cashew-nut tree gum aqueous two-phase system.cultivation of the fungus penicillium janthinellum for xylanase production was studied in a poly(ethylene glycol)/cashew-nut tree gum aqueous two-phase system, using a two-level fractional factorial design. the parameters studied were initial ph, cultivation time, type of agro-industrial residue (oat husk or corn cob), agitation, temperature, and phase-forming polymers. the xylanase produced during fermentation partitioned into the top phase. the agitation and temperature (negative), cultivation ...201515575727
[on the identity of glucose oxidase and microcid from a new type of penicillium vitale]. 200714475320
[isolation of glucose oxidase from penicillium vitale pidopl. et bilai]. 196414335573
proteolytic enzymes of penicillium janthinellum. ii. properties of peptidase b. 196414264888
proteolytic enzymes of penicillium janthinellum. i. purification and properties of a trypsinogen-activating enzyme (peptidase a). 196414264887
effect of salinity and temperature on coccidioides immitis and three antagonistic soil saprophytes.egeberg, roger o. (university of southern california, los angeles), ann f. elconin, and margaret c. egeberg. effect of salinity and temperature on coccidioides immitis and three antagonistic soil saprophytes. j. bacteriol. 88:473-476. 1964.-experiments exploring the factors which determine the ability of coccidioides immitis to survive and reproduce in the soil in situ are described and discussed. previous work indicated that soil temperatures and salinity influence the growth and distribution o ...196414203366
[iantinellin--an antibiotic with antifungal properties produced from penicillium janthinellum biourge]. 196313970363
[an industrial method for the purification and crystallization of and some properties of glucose oxidase from the fungus penicillium vitale pidopl. et bilai]. 196213902922
non-hydrolytic disruption of crystalline structure of cellulose by cellulose binding domain and linker sequence of cellobiohydrolase i from penicillium janthinellum.the cooperation between cellobiohydrolase (cbhi) and endoglucanase (eg) is necessary for biodegradation of native cellulose, but its mechanism is still poorly understood. the present paper report at the first time that an isolated component, the cellulose binding domain with its linker sequence of cellobiohydrolase i from penicillium janthinellum (cbd(cbhi)), plays an important role in the synergism between cbhi and egi during cellulose biodegradation. a recombinantplasmid (puc18c), containing t ...200112053182
the extremely high al resistance of penicillium janthineleum f-13 is not caused by internal or external sequestration of al.penicillium janthinellum f-13 has been isolated in previous work as a fungus tolerating the presence of high concentrations of al (as high as 100 mm alcl3). here its growth rate and yield in three acidic (ph 3.0) media of different composition with varying concentrations of al are reported. the presence of al did not affect these parameters. except that the growth yield was somewhat lower in gm (a glucose/peptone/yeast extract-containing medium) with the highest concentration tested (100 mm alcl ...200212046925
degradation of pyrene by indigenous fungi from a former gasworks site.indigenous fungi isolated from soil of a former gasworks site were investigated in submerged cultures with pyrene as the sole carbon source. five fungal strains capable of degrading pyrene included one strain of trichoderma harzianum and four strains with characteristics of the genus penicillium. these are identified as penicillium simplicissimum, penicillium janthinellum, penicillium funiculosum and penicillium terrestre. a maximum of 75% of 50 mg l(-1) and 67% of 100 mg l(-1) of pyrene was rem ...200212044679
penicillium janthinellum in sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage in an aids patient with pneumonia. 199711864114
the chitinolytic activity of penicillium janthinellum p9: purification, partial characterization and potential applications.to purify and characterize the chitinolytic activity of penicillium janthinellum p9 and to evaluate possible uses of the purified enzymes in the control of fungal growth and spore germination.200111556916
pyrene is metabolized to bound residues by penicillium janthinellum sfu403.we have previously shown that the filamentous fungus, penicillium janthinellum sfu403 (sfu403) oxidizes pyrene to pyrene 1,6- and 1,8-quinones and that the level of pyrenequinones (pqs) subsequently declines suggesting that pqs are not terminal metabolites. the purpose of this study was to determine the fate of pqs in sfu403. first, we compared the fate of 14c-pyrene in sfu403 and a non-pyrene-oxidizing fungus, a paecilomyces sp.. after 7 days of incubation, more than 80% of the radioactivity wa ...200011487060
in vitro expression of penicillium janthinellum cellobiohydrolase i gene in a coupled transcription-translation system.an enzymatically-active fungal cellobiohydrolase i (cbh i) was first synthesized in a coupled reticulocyte lysate system lacking of glycosylation modification by the template dna(cbh1) in the presence of t7 rna polymerase. the synthesized cbh i had the expected size (57 kda) and catalyzed the substrate of p-nitrophenyl-beta-d-cellobioside (pnpc), and had no activity against carboxymethyl cellulose (cmc-na). the k(m) and v(max) values of the cbh i for pnpc were 0.82 mmol and 0.067 micromol min(-1 ...200010989180
partitioning of xylanolitic complex from penicillium janthinellum by an aqueous two-phase system.this work evaluates the influences of five parameters (ph, peg molecular mass, peg concentration, concentration of buffer k2hpo4-kh2po4 and nacl concentration) on xylanolitic complex partitioning produced by p. janthinellum in aqueous two-phase systems, using a 2(5) factorial experimental design. a mathematical model to quantify the influence of these parameters was attained and statistically tested. the optimum point for total protein extraction was obtained under the following conditions: ph 7 ...200010942304
isolation and characterization of acid- and al-tolerant microorganisms.acid- and aluminum (al)-tolerant microorganisms were isolated from tea fields, from which six strains were selected and identified as cryptococcus humicola, rhodotorula glutinis, aspergillus flavus link, penicillium sp., penicillium janthinellum biourge and trichoderma asperellum. they were tolerant to al up to 100-200 mm and could grow at low ph, 2.5-2.2. in a glucose medium (ph 3.5) the ph of the spent medium decreased to below 3.0. the toxic inorganic monomeric al in the spent medium decrease ...200010930728
[taxonomic position and nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites of the fungus penicillium vitale pidoplichko et bilai apud bilai].the type strain penicillium vitale pidoplichko et bilai apud bilai 1961 vkm f-3624 was found to considerably differ from a sibling species p. janthinellium (syn. p. simplicissimum) in some physiological and morphological features (growth rates at different temperatures, the size of philiades, and the shape of conidia), as well as in the pattern of the nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites produced (roquefortine, 3,12-dihydroroquefortine, meleagrin, aurantioclavine, indole-3-acetic acid, and ...201310920814
penicillopepsin-jt2, a recombinant enzyme from penicillium janthinellum and the contribution of a hydrogen bond in subsite s3 to k(cat).the nucleotide sequence of the gene (pepa) of a zymogen of an aspartic proteinase from penicillium janthinellum with a 71% identity in the deduced amino acid sequence to penicillopepsin (which we propose to call penicillopepsin-jt1) has been determined. the gene consists of 60 codons for a putative leader sequence of 20 amino acid residues, a sequence of about 150 nucleotides that probably codes for an activation peptide and a sequence with two introns that codes for the active aspartic proteina ...200010850809
beta-xylosidase recovery by reversed micelles. use of cationic surfactant.beta-xylosidase, an enzyme produced by penicillium janthinellum fungus, was prepurified by fractionated precipitation with ethanol and extracted by reversed micelles of n-benzyl-n-dodecyl-n-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium chloride (bdbac) cationic surfactant. a 2(5-1) fractional factorial design was employed to evaluate the influence of the following factors on the enzyme extraction: ph (a), conductivity (b), surfactant concentration (c), cosolvent concentration (d) and temperature (e). a statistic ...200010849861
degradation and mineralization of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by defined fungal-bacterial cocultures.this study investigated the biodegradation of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in liquid media and soil by bacteria (stenotrophomonas maltophilia vun 10,010 and bacterial consortium vun 10,009) and a fungus (penicillium janthinellum vuo 10, 201) that were isolated from separate creosote- and manufactured-gas plant-contaminated soils. the bacteria could use pyrene as their sole carbon and energy source in a basal salts medium (bsm) and mineralized significant amounts ...200010698765
inactivation of mucor plumbeus by the combined actions of chitinase and high hydrostatic pressure.sporangiospores were treated with high hydrostatic pressure and/or fungal chitinase in order to study the inhibition of germination and growth of the food spoiling mold mucor plumbeus. total fungal inhibition was obtained either at 4.0 kbar or by 10 u/ml of chitinase from penicillium janthinellum. a pretreatment with 1 u/ml of the same chitinase reduced the pressure necessary to obtain complete spore inhibition to 3 kbar.199910573398
optimization of pyrene oxidation by penicillium janthinellum using response-surface methodology.at present, there is little information on the optimization of the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) by deuteromycete filamentous fungi, a reaction catalyzed by cytochrome p450 monooxygenases. we utilized response-surface methodology to determine the optimal growth conditions for the oxidation of the pah pyrene by penicillium janthinellum sfu403, with respect to the variables glucose concentration, nitrate concentration and bioconversion time. models were derived for the rela ...199910341435
the amino acid sequences of carboxypeptidases i and ii from aspergillus niger and their stability in the presence of divalent cations.the amino acid sequences of serine carboxypeptidase i (cpd-i) and ii (cpd-ii), respectively, from aspergillus niger have been determined by conventional edman degradation of the reduced and vinylpyridinated enzymes and peptides hereof generated by cleavage with cyanogen bromide, iodobenzoic acid, glutamic acid cleaving enzyme, aspn-endoproteinase and endolysc proteinase. cpd-i consists of a single peptide chain of 471 amino acid residues, three disulfide bridges and nine n-glycosylated asparagin ...19989748653
[complete amino acid sequence of catalase from the fungus penicillium vitale].the polypeptide sequence of the unmodified catalase from penicillium vitale containing 696 amino acid residues was deduced. the sequences of 76 tryptic peptides of the unmodified catalase, 63 tryptic peptides of the catalase with modified lys residues, 48 peptides resulting from catalase cleavage by the staphylococcus aureus v8 protease, and 9 fragments obtained by brcn-treatment were considered, and a comparison with the sequences of other catalases was made.19989612556
primary structures of fungal fructosyl amino acid oxidases and their application to the measurement of glycated proteins.fructosyl amino acid oxidase (faod), which is active toward model compounds of the glycated proteins in blood, n epsilon-fructosyl n sigma-z-lysine and n-fructosyl valine, was purified to homogeneity from aspergillus terreus gp1. though the enzyme did not use glycated proteins directly as its substrate, it used glycated human serum albumin (hsa) when hsa was treated with a protease. linear relationships between both the concentration and the increase in absorbance and the glycation rate of glyca ...19969022674
[the kinetic and catalytic properties of penicillium vitale catalase].the steady-state kinetics of catalytic action of penicillium vitale catalase has been studied. the enzyme reaction conforms to the michaelis-menten equation, which is shown by considering the initial velocity of the enzyme-catalytic reaction with increased concentrations of hydrogen-peroxide and sodium perborate. the parameter km value is rather large (231-259) mm. on the other hand the pen, vitale catalase is one of the more active enzymes and shows kcat values equal to 0.8-3.0 x 10(-6) s-1 and ...20159005665
endoglucanase ii (egii) of penicillium janthinellum: cdna sequence, heterologous expression and promotor analysis.the cdna coding for the endoglucanase egii of p. janthinellum was cloned and sequenced. the open reading frame comprises 1230 nucleotides and the deduced amino-acid sequence shows an overall homology of 63% with the t. reesei egl2. the cellulose-binding domain of egii represents a typical member of the a family of cellulases. the egl2 gene is only induced by cellulose or cellobiose and not by sophorose. a promotor fragment including 1 kb was cloned and sequenced. three major transcription startp ...19968625430
structure of the heme d of penicillium vitale and escherichia coli catalases.a heme d prosthetic group with the configuration of a cis-hydroxychlorin gamma-spirolactone has been found in the crystal structures of penicillium vitale catalase and escherichia coli catalase hydroperoxidase ii (hpii). the absolute stereochemistry of the two heme d chiral carbon atoms has been shown to be identical. for both catalases the heme d is rotated 180 degrees about the axis defined by the alpha-gamma-meso carbon atoms, with respect to the orientation found for heme b in beef liver cat ...19968621527
distribution and properties of fructosyl amino acid oxidase in fungi.fructosyl amino acid oxidase, and enzyme that can be used for the determination of glycated proteins in blood samples from diabetic patients, was used to screen cultures in our microorganism culture collection. fructosyl amino acid oxidase was found only in the strains of four genera of fungi, aspergillus, fusarium, gibberella, and penicillium and exhibited different substrate specificities against fructosyl valine and n epsilon-fructosyl n alpha-z-lysine. a fructosyl valine-specific enzyme from ...19958534116
molecular analysis and overexpression of the gene encoding endothiapepsin, an aspartic protease from cryphonectria parasitica.the gene, epn-1, encoding endothiapepsin (epn), an aspartic protease (aspp) synthesized and secreted by the ascomycete fungus responsible for chestnut blight, cryphonectria (endothia) parasitica, was identified and characterized. inspection of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences revealed perfect agreement with the experimentally derived 330-aa sequence of mature epn [barkholt, eur. j. biochem. 167 (1987) 327-338] and an additional 89 aa of putative preprosequence. of the nine fu ...19938462868
cloning, sequencing, and heterologous expression of a cellulase-encoding cdna (cbh1) from penicillium janthinellum.from a penicillium janthinellum cdna library, two clones with 1.8- and 1.9-kb inserts were isolated by hybridization to a trichoderma reesei cellulase-encoding gene probe (egl1). both cdnas have identical 5' ends and coding sequences, but different polyadenylation start points in their 3' untranslated regions. in the nucleotide (nt) sequence, one open reading frame of 537 amino acids was detected which shows 56% homology with endoglucanase i of t. reesei and 70% homology with cellobiohydrolase i ...19938440481
the primary structure of carboxypeptidase s1 from penicillium janthinellum.the complete amino acid sequence of carboxypeptidase s1 from penicillium janthinellium has been determined by n-terminal sequencing of the reduced and vinylpyridinated protein and of peptides obtained by cleaved with cyanogen bromide, iodosobenzoic acid, hydroxylamine, endoproteinase lysc, endoproteinase aspn and glu-specific proteinase from b. licheniformis. the enzyme consists of a single peptide chain of 433 amino acid residues and contains 9 half-cystine residues and one glycosylated asparag ...19938224168
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