Publications

a review of the small canine piroplasms from california: babesia conradae in the literature.	small piroplasms as a cause of canine babesiosis in southern california were first documented in 1990. initially these piroplasms were considered to be babesia gibsoni, the only small babesia parasite known to infect dogs at that time. in the following decade, the use of molecular analysis made it clear that small canine babesia in fact are comprised of at least three distinct species, and the isolates from dogs in southern california were not b. gibsoni. molecular, antigenic, and morphological ...	2006	16522352
babesia conradae, sp. nov., a small canine babesia identified in california.	small piroplasms as a cause of canine babesiosis have usually been identified as babesia gibsoni. recent genetic studies suggested that small piroplasms are more likely comprised of at least three genotypically distinct species. in southern california, canine babesiosis caused by a small piroplasm has been documented since 1990. morphological characteristics of this parasite include a small (0.3-3.0 microm) intraerythrocytic merozoite stage with predominantly ring, piriform, tetrad, amoeboid, or ...	2006	16524663
pcr-rflp for the detection and differentiation of the canine piroplasm species and its use with filter paper-based technologies.	canine piroplasmosis is an emerging disease worldwide, with multiple species of piroplasm now recognised to infect dogs. a nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) assay was developed for the detection and differentiation of each of the piroplasm species currently known to infect dogs on the basis of the 18s ribosomal rna gene. the assay can potentially amplify and discriminate between theileria annae, theileria equi, babesia conradae, babesia gibsoni, ...	2007	17127005
a pcr study of piroplasms in 166 dogs and 111 horses in france (march 2006 to march 2008).	positive pcr results for piroplasms were obtained on edta blood samples from 166 dogs and 111 horses between march 2006 and march 2008. the organisms were initially identified using common primers, followed by restriction enzyme profiles to determine the species and types of babesia/theileria. in 27 dogs and eight horses with positive results, the size of the specimen was insufficient to separate species/types. we identified babesia canis canis in 105 of the 166 dogs (63%) and theileria equi in ...	2010	20221639
babesiosis in dogs and cats-expanding parasitological and clinical spectra.	canine babesiosis caused by different babesia species is a protozoal tick-borne disease with worldwide distribution and global significance. historically, babesia infection in dogs was identified based on the morphologic appearance of the parasite in the erythrocyte. all large forms of babesia were designated babesia canis, whereas all small forms of babesia were considered to be babesia gibsoni. however, the development of molecular methods has demonstrated that other babesia species such as ba ...	2011	21571435
re-emergence of babesia conradae and effective treatment of infected dogs with atovaquone and azithromycin.	babesia conradae (b. conradae) causes hemolytic anemia in dogs. this organism has not been reported clinically since it was originally described in southern california in 1991. to date, no anti-protozoal therapies have been associated with clearance of b. conradae. this report describes the use of atovaquone and azithromycin for the treatment of dogs naturally infected with b. conradae and report the re-emergence of b. conradae in southern california. twelve dogs naturally infected with b. conra ...	2012	22305297
mitochondrial genome sequences and structures aid in the resolution of piroplasmida phylogeny.	the taxonomy of the order piroplasmida, which includes a number of clinically and economically relevant organisms, is a hotly debated topic amongst parasitologists. three genera (babesia, theileria, and cytauxzoon) are recognized based on parasite life cycle characteristics, but molecular phylogenetic analyses of 18s sequences have suggested the presence of five or more distinct piroplasmida lineages. despite these important advancements, a few studies have been unable to define the taxonomic re ...	2016	27832128