Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| protective effect of fruit extracts of emblica officinalis (gaertn). & terminalia belerica (roxb.) in experimental myocardial necrosis in rats. | 1977 | 598885 | |
| the ayurvedic medicines haritaki, amala and bahira reduce cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. | four groups of 25 rabbits each, were studied to determine the effect of haritaki (terminalia chebula), amla (emblica officinalis) and bahira (terminalia belerica) on cholesterol-induced hypercholesteolaemia and atherosclerosis. the control group was fed with cholesterol alone; the haritaki group received haritaki and cholesterol; the bahira group received bahira and cholesterol; and the amla group received amla and cholesterol for 16 weeks. cholesterolaemia was significantly less (p less than 0. ... | 1988 | 3225068 |
| studies on purgative action of an oil obtained from terminalia belerica. | 1969 | 5770827 | |
| retroviral reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity in thai herbs and spices: screening with moloney murine leukemia viral enzyme. | fifty-seven thai herbs and spices were examined for their retroviral reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity. all herbs and spices were extracted with hot-water and methanol. reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity of the extracts was determined by using moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase (m-mulv-rt) reacted with 3h-dttp and radioactivity measured with a scintillation counter. eighty-one per cent (46/57) of hot-water extracts and 54% (31/57) of methanol extracts showed inhib ... | 1993 | 7524165 |
| inhibitory effects of egyptian folk medicines on human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) reverse transcriptase. | extracts of 41 medicinal plants used in egyptian folk medicine were screened for their inhibitory effects on human immunodeficiency virus-1 reverse transcriptase. the extracts of fruits of phyllanthus emblica, quercus pedunculata, rumex cyprius, terminalia bellerica, terminalia chebula and terminalia horrida showed significant inhibitory activity with ic50 < or = 50 micrograms/ml. through a bioassay guided-fractionation of the methanol extract of the fruit of p. emblica, putranjivain a (1) was i ... | 1995 | 7541317 |
| preventive actions of terminalia belerica in experimentally induced atherosclerosis. | hypercholesterolaemia and atherosclerosis were induced experimentally in rabbits by cholesterol feeding. the effect of an indigenous drug, t. belerica, was evaluated in these hypercholesterolemic rabbits. t. belerica reduced the levels of lipids in hypercholesterolemic animals. there was also a significant decrease in liver lipids and heart lipids (p < 0.05) in the drug-treated animals. | 1995 | 7628881 |
| antimutagenic effects of polyphenols isolated from terminalia bellerica myroblan in salmonella typhimurium. | antimutagenic effect of 2 polyphenolic fractions isolated from t. bellerica in ta98 and ta100 strains of s. typhimurium against 2af, npd and 4nqno has been characterized. both the fractions were significantly effective against s9-dependent 2af; less effective against npd and almost not effective against 4nqno in ta100 strain. using 13c-nmr spectral analysis, the tb-3 fraction, which was significantly more effective against 2af compared to tb-4, was found to be a mixture of 3 tannins while tb-4 w ... | 1996 | 8641722 |
| new anti-hiv-1, antimalarial, and antifungal compounds from terminalia bellerica. | a bioactivity-guided fractionation of an extract of terminalia bellerica fruit rind led to the isolation of two new lignans named termilignan (1) and thannilignan (2), together with 7-hydroxy-3',4'-(methylenedioxy)flavan (3) and anolignan b (4). all four compounds possessed demonstrable anti-hiv-1, antimalarial, and antifungal activity in vitro. | 1997 | 9249982 |
| 3,4,5-trihydroxy benzoic acid (gallic acid), the hepatoprotective principle in the fruits of terminalia belerica-bioassay guided activity. | compound i isolated from fraction tb5 of terminalia belerica and finally identified as 3,4,5-trihydroxy benzoic acid (gallic acid) was evaluated for its hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride (ccl4)-induced physiological and biochemical alterations in the liver. the main parameters studied were hexobarbitone-induced sleep, zoxazolamine induced paralysis, serum levels of transaminases and bilirubin. the hepatic markers assessed were lipid peroxidation, drug metabolising enzymes, g ... | 1997 | 9425622 |
| screening of some indian medicinal plants for their antimicrobial properties. | a total of 82 indian medicinal plants traditionally used in medicines were subjected to preliminary antibacterial screening against several pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms. aqueous, hexane and alcoholic extracts of each plant were tested for their antibacterial activity using agar well diffusion method at sample concentration of 200 mg/ml. the results indicated that out of 82 plants, 56 exhibited antibacterial activity against one or more test pathogens. interestingly, extracts of fi ... | 1998 | 9741890 |
| modern drug development from traditional medicinal plants using radioligand receptor-binding assays. | traditional medicinal plants in various countries, particularly in india have been used for centuries for various ailments; however, there has been little scientific effort to validate these anecdotal uses mentioned in the literature. a number of these traditionally used plant extracts and various "ayurvedic medicines" that are highly valued in ayurveda, the traditional system of medicine in india for antiaging, memory-enhancing, nerve tonic, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory and immunopotentiation, ... | 1998 | 9828039 |
| a new cardenolide from the seeds of terminalia bellerica. | a new cardenolide, cannogenol 3-o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside (1), was isolated form the seeds of teminalia bellerica. | 2001 | 11295315 |
| evaluation of ophthacare eye drops--a herbal formulation in the management of various ophthalmic disorders. | an open prospective multicentre clinical trial was conducted in patients suffering from various ophthalmic disorders namely, conjunctivitis, conjunctival xerosis (dry eye), acute dacryocystitis, degenerative conditions (pterygium or pinguecula) and postoperative cataract patients with a herbal eye drop preparation (ophthacare) containing basic principles of different herbs which have been conventionally used in the ayurvedic system of medicine since time immemorial. these include carum copticum, ... | 2001 | 11746845 |
| total phenolics concentration and antioxidant potential of extracts of medicinal plants of pakistan. | thirty-seven plant organs, traditionally used as drugs, collected in pakistan, were extracted with 70% acetone and analyzed for their total phenolics concentration and antioxidant potential. seven extracts showed more than 85% inhibition of lipid peroxidation in vitro as compared with blank. butylated hydroxytoluene (bht) (ic50 = 233.6 microg/l +/- 28.3) was the strongest antioxidant in our test system. the ic50 results indicate that the extracts of nymphaea lotus l. flowers, acacia nilotica (li ... | 2001 | 11837686 |
| the in vitro antimutagenic activity of triphala--an indian herbal drug. | a study to evaluate an antimutagenic potential of water, chloroform and acetone extracts of triphala has been made in an ames histidine reversion assay using ta98 and ta100 tester strains of salmonella typhimurium against the direct-acting mutagens, 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (npd) and sodium azide, and the indirect-acting promutagen, 2-aminofluorene (2af), in the presence of phenobarbitone-induced rat hepatic s9. a combination drug 'triphala' - a composite mixture of terminalia bellerica, t. ch ... | 2002 | 11893411 |
| anti-diabetic activity of medicinal plants and its relationship with their antioxidant property. | methanolic extract (75%) of terminalia chebula, terminalia belerica, emblica officinalis and their combination named 'triphala' (equal proportion of above three plant extracts) are being used extensively in indian system of medicine. they were found to inhibit lipid peroxide formation and to scavenge hydroxyl and superoxide radicals in vitro. the concentration of plant extracts that inhibited 50% of lipid peroxidation induced with fe(2+)/ascorbate were food to be 85.5, 27, 74 and 69 micro g/ml, ... | 2002 | 12065146 |
| comparative evaluation of hypoglycaemic activity of some indian medicinal plants in alloxan diabetic rats. | in our experiments 30 hypoglycaemic medicinal plants (known and less known) have been selected for thorough studies from indigenous folk medicines, ayurvedic, unani and siddha systems of medicines. in all the experiments with different herbal samples (vacuum dried 95% ethanolic extracts), definite blood glucose lowering effect within 2 weeks have been confirmed in alloxan diabetic albino rats. blood glucose values are brought down close to normal fasting level using herbal samples at a dose of 2 ... | 2003 | 12499084 |
| indian medicinal plants as a reservoir of protective phytochemicals. | india is one of the 12 mega diversity countries in the world so it has a vital stake in conservation and sustainable utilization of its biodiversity resources. plant secondary metabolites have been of interest to man for a long time due to their pharmacological relevance. with this in view, the bark powder of acacia auriculiformis, a. nilotica, juglans regia, and the fruit powder of terminalia bellerica, t. chebula, emblica officinalis, and a combination drug "triphala," which are known to be ri ... | 2003 | 12616620 |
| bioassay-guided isolation of antimutagenic factors from fruits of terminalia bellerica. | in the course of our search for novel polyphenolic antimutagenic agents from medicinal plants, we examined water, acetone, and chloroform extracts of terminalia bellerica for their antimutagenic potency using the ames salmonella/microsome assay. acetone extract exhibited variable inhibitory activity of 65.6%, and 69.7% with 4-o-nitrophenylenediamine (npd) and sodium azide, respectively (as direct-acting mutagens), and 81.4% with 2-aminofluorene (2af) (an s9-dependent mutagen), in the preincubati ... | 2003 | 12678407 |
| hepatocurative and antioxidant profile of hp-1, a polyherbal phytomedicine. | hp-1 a herbal formulation comprising of phyllanthus niruri and extracts of terminalia belerica, terminalia chebula, phyllanthus emblica and tinospora cordifolia has been evaluated for hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride (ccl4) induced toxicity. results show that hp-1 reversed the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (gpt) and prevented the depletion of glutathione (gsh) levels in a primary monolayer culture of rat hepatocytes (in vitro). h ... | 2003 | 14992325 |
| antioxidant properties of aller-7, a novel polyherbal formulation for allergic rhinitis. | allergic rhinitis, a frequently occurring immunological disorder affecting men, women and children worldwide, is a state of hypersensitivity that occurs when the body overreacts to a substance such as pollen, mold, mites or dust. allergic rhinitis exerts inflammatory response and irritation of the nasal mucosal membranes leading to sneezing; stuffy/runny nose; nasal congestion; and itchy, watery and swollen eyes. a novel, safe polyherbal formulation (aller-7/nr-a2) has been developed for the tre ... | 2004 | 15366786 |
| antimicrobial evaluation of some medicinal plants for their anti-enteric potential against multi-drug resistant salmonella typhi. | screening was done of some plants of importance in the ayurvedic system of traditional medicine used in india to treat enteric diseases. fifty four plant extracts (methanol and aqueous) were assayed for their activity against multi-drug resistant salmonella typhi. strong antibacterial activity was shown by the methanol extracts of aegle marmelos, salmalia malabarica, punica granatum, myristica fragrans, holarrhena antidysenterica, terminalia arjuna and triphal (mixture of emblica of fi cinalis, ... | 2004 | 15476301 |
| anti-inflammatory activities of aller-7, a novel polyherbal formulation for allergic rhinitis. | allergic rhinitis is an immunological disorder and an inflammatory response of nasal mucosal membranes. allergic rhinitis, a state of hypersensitivity, occurs when the body overreacts to a substance such as pollens or dust. a novel, safe polyherbal formulation (aller-7/nr-a2) has been developed for the treatment of allergic rhinitis using a unique combination of extracts from seven medicinal plants including phyllanthus emblica, terminalia chebula, terminalia bellerica, albizia lebbeck, piper ni ... | 2004 | 15573692 |
| effect of certain bioactive plant extracts on clinical isolates of beta-lactamase producing methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. | ethanolic extracts and some fractions from 10 indian medicinal plants, known for antibacterial activity, were investigated for their ability to inhibit clinical isolates of beta-lactamase producing methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and methicillin-sensitive s. aureus (mssa). synergistic interaction of plant extracts with certain antibiotics was also evaluated. the mrsa test strains were found to be multi-drug resistant and also exhibited high level of resistance to common beta-l ... | 2005 | 15812867 |
| immunomodulatory activity of triphala on neutrophil functions. | immune activation is an effective as well as protective approach against emerging infectious diseases. the immunomodulatory activities of triphala (terminalia chebula, terminalia belerica and emblica officinalis) were assessed by testing the various neutrophil functions like adherence, phagocytosis (phagocytic index (p.i) and avidity index (a.i)) and nitro blue tetrazolium (nbt) reduction in albino rats. in recent years much attention is being focused on the immunological changes occur during st ... | 2005 | 16079482 |
| phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of some food and medicinal plants. | to identify promising sources of antioxidants, some food and medicinal plants were studied for total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity. the leaves, bark and fruits of terminalia arjuna, terminalia bellerica, terminalia chebula and terminalia muelleri, the leaves and fruits of phyllanthus emblica, and the seeds of syzygium cumini were found to have high total phenolic contents (72.0-167.2 mg/g) and high antioxidant activity (69.6-90.6%). leaves of eucalyptusglobulus were a rich source of ... | 2005 | 16096138 |
| in vitro antioxidant studies and free radical reactions of triphala, an ayurvedic formulation and its constituents. | the aqueous extract of the fruits of emblica officinalis (t1), terminalia chebula (t2) and terminalia belerica (t3) and their equiproportional mixture triphala were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity. gamma-radiation induced strand break formation in plasmid dna (pbr322) was effectively inhibited by triphala and its constituents in the concentration range 25-200 microg/ml with a percentage inhibition of t1 (30%-83%), t2 (21%-71%), t3 (8%-58%) and triphala (17%-63%). they also inhi ... | 2005 | 16161061 |
| effect of triphala on oxidative stress and on cell-mediated immune response against noise stress in rats. | stress is one of the basic factors in the etiology of number of diseases. the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of triphala (terminalia chebula, terminalia belerica and emblica officinalis) on noise-stress induced alterations in the antioxidant status and on the cell-mediated immune response in wistar strain male albino rats. noise-stress employed in this study was 100 db for 4 h/d/15 days and triphala was used at a dose of 1 g/kg/b.w/48 days. eight different groups of rats namel ... | 2006 | 16444587 |
| chemopreventive potential of triphala (a composite indian drug) on benzo(a)pyrene induced forestomach tumorigenesis in murine tumor model system. | the present work is probably the first report on cancer chemopreventive potential of triphala, a combination of fruit powder of three different plants namely terminalia chebula, terminalia belerica and emblica officinalis. triphala is a popular formulation of the ayurvedic system of medicine. our findings have shown that triphala in diet has significantly reduced the benzo(a)pyrene [b(a)p] induced forestomach papillomagenesis in mice. in the short term treatment groups, the tumor incidences were ... | 2005 | 16471318 |
| protective effect of terminalia belerica roxb. and gallic acid against carbon tetrachloride induced damage in albino rats. | terminalia belerica roxb. is one of the oldest medicinal herb of india, is an ingredient of indian ayurvedic drug 'triphala' used for the treatment of digestion and liver disorders. present study is aimed to evaluate the protective effect of terminalia belerica fruit extract and its active principle, gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) at different doses against carbon tetrachloride intoxication. toxicant caused significant increase in the activities of serum transaminases and serum alkal ... | 2007 | 17049775 |
| hypolipidemic effect of triphala in experimentally induced hypercholesteremic rats. | hypercholesteremia is one of the risk factors for coronary artery disease. the present study highlights the efficacy of ayurvedic herbal formulation triphala (terminalia chebula, terminalia belerica, and emblica officinalis) on total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (ldl), very low density lipoprotein (vldl), high density lipoprotein (hdl) and free fatty acid in experimentally induced hypercholesteremic rats. four groups of rats were employed namely control, triphala treated, hypercholestero ... | 2007 | 17268159 |
| evaluation of the growth inhibitory activities of triphala against common bacterial isolates from hiv infected patients. | the isolation of microbial agents less susceptible to regular antibiotics and the rising trend in the recovery rates of resistant bacteria highlights the need for newer alternative principles. triphala has been used in traditional medicine practice against certain diseases such as jaundice, fever, cough, eye diseases etc. in the present study phytochemical (phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid) and antibacterial activities of aqueous and ethanol extracts of triphala and its individual components ( ... | 2007 | 17273983 |
| antibacterial properties of traditionally used indian medicinal plants. | in search of broad-spectrum antibacterial activity from traditionally used indian medicinal plants, 66 ethanolic plant extracts were screened against nine different bacteria. of these, 39 extracts demonstrated activity against six or more test bacteria. twelve extracts showing broad-spectrum activity were tested against specific multidrug-resistant (mdr) bacteria, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and extended spectrum beta-lactamases (esbetal)-producing enteric bacteria. in vit ... | 2007 | 17440624 |
| antioxidant activities of some local bangladeshi fruits (artocarpus heterophyllus, annona squamosa, terminalia bellirica, syzygium samarangense, averrhoa carambola and olea europa). | in the present study, antioxidant activities of the fruits of a. heterophyllus, a. squamosa, t. bellirica, s. samarangense, a. carambola and o. europa were investigated. for this, at first matured fruits of them were sliced into small pieces and dried in the sun and finally crushed in a grinder to make powder. ethanolic extracts of fruit powder were prepared using 99.99% ethanol. the antioxidative activities of these extracts were determined according to their abilities of scavenging 1, 1-diphen ... | 2007 | 17460898 |
| triphala promotes healing of infected full-thickness dermal wound. | infection is a major problem in the management of wounds. even though the development of synthetic antimicrobial agents persists, drug resistance and toxicity hinder their way. many plants with multi-potent pharmaceutical activities may offer better treatment options, and triphala (dried fruits of terminalia chebula, terminalia bellirica, and phyllanthus emblica) are potential formulations evaluated for healing activity on infected wound as it possesses numerous activities. | 2008 | 17662304 |
| evaluation of antidepressant-like activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of terminalia bellirica roxb. fruits in mice. | the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of t. bellirica on depression in mice using forced swim test (fst) and tail suspension test (tst). the extracts were administered orally for 10 successive days in separate groups of swiss young male albino mice. aqueous extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) in a dose-dependent manner and ethanolic extract (100 mg/kg) significantly reduced the immobility time of mice in both fst and tst. the extracts were witho ... | 2007 | 17821856 |
| protective effect of triphala on cold stress-induced behavioral and biochemical abnormalities in rats. | stress is one of the basic factors in the etiology of number of diseases. cold-stress occurs when the surrounding temperature drops below 18 degrees c, the body may not be able to warm itself, and hence serious cold-related illnesses, permanent tissue damage and death may results. the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of triphala (terminalia chebula, terminalia belerica and emblica officinalis) against the cold stress-induced alterations in the behavioral and biochemical abnormal ... | 2007 | 17978562 |
| healing properties of some indian medicinal plants against indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration of rats. | the healing activity of the ethanol extracts of piper betel, emblica officinalis, terminalia bellerica, and terminalia chebula against the indomethacin-induced stomach ulceration has been studied and compared with that of misoprostol. compared to autohealing, all the drugs accelerated the healing process, albeit to different extents. the relative healing activities of the extracts was p. betel>e. officinalis>t. bellerica~t. chebula, that correlated well with their in vivo antioxidant and mucin a ... | 2007 | 18193104 |
| mechanisms underlying the antispasmodic and bronchodilatory properties of terminalia bellerica fruit. | the present investigation was carried out to provide the pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of terminalia bellerica in hyperactive gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders. | 2008 | 18289813 |
| synergistic growth inhibitory effects of phyllanthus emblica and terminalia bellerica extracts with conventional cytotoxic agents: doxorubicin and cisplatin against human hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer cells. | to examine the growth inhibitory effects of phyllanthus emblica (p. emblica) and terminalia bellerica (t. bellerica) extracts on human hepatocellular carcinoma (hepg2), and lung carcinoma (a549) cells and their synergistic effect with doxorubicin or cisplatin. | 2008 | 18330936 |
| traditional medicinal plants of cold desert ladakh-used against kidney and urinary disorders. | traditional medicine of clod desert ladakh has large potential to treat various ailments among tribal communities inhabited in the remotest region of indian subcontinent. this study was conducted to document the new ethno-medico-botanical information and traditional use of medicinal plants against kidney and urinary disorders, and thus to conserve the rapidly disappearing traditional knowledge system of amchis of ladakh. | 2008 | 18550306 |
| comparison of enteroprotective efficacy of triphala formulations (indian herbal drug) on methotrexate-induced small intestinal damage in rats. | triphala is categorized as a rejuvenator and antioxidant-rich ayurvedic herbal formulation and has traditionally been used in various gastric problems including intestinal inflammation. the aim of the present study was to examine the comparative enteroprotective effect of triphala formulations against methotrexate-induced intestinal damage in rats. triphala formulations were prepared by mixing equal (1:1:1) and unequal (1:2:4) proportions of terminalia chebula retz., terminalia belerica (gaertn. ... | 2009 | 19170156 |
| anti-salmonella activity of terminalia belerica: in vitro and in vivo studies. | to search for an herbal remedy for protection against and treatment for typhoid fever, a number of plants were screened. anti-salmonella activity of terminalia belerica, an ingredient of ayurvedic preparation 'triphala' used for treatment of digestive and liver disorders, has been reported. fruits of t. belerica were extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, alcohol and water and efficacy of extracts against salmonella typhi and salmonella typhimurium was evaluated. alcoholic and wate ... | 2008 | 19245178 |
| antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of terminalia belerica. roxb. | effect of continuous administration of dried 75% methanolic extract of fruits of terminalia belerica (combretaceae) suspended in water was studied in alloxan induced hyperglycemia and antioxidant defense mechanism in rats. t. belerica prevented alloxan-induced hyperglycaemia significantly from 6th day of administration and there was 54% reduction on 12th day. oxidative stress produced by alloxan was found to be significantly lowered by the administration of t. belerica extract. this was evident ... | 2009 | 19382723 |
| effects of ionizing radiation on microbial decontamination, phenolic contents, and antioxidant properties of triphala. | triphala, a mixture of emblica officinalis, terminalia chebula, and terminalia bellirica, containing ingredients from plant origin, is often prone to microbial contamination. a high level of microbial contamination was observed in triphala samples obtained from different sources. on gamma radiation processing, a sharp decline in log cfu was observed with increasing radiation dose and a complete decontamination at 5 kgy. average d10 value for total aerobic and fungal counts were observed to be 0. ... | 2009 | 19397725 |
| in vitro growth and shoot multiplication in terminalia bellerica roxb. under controlled carbon dioxide environment. | the shoot cultures of terminalia bellerica roxb. were grown on murashige and skoog's medium containing 1.5 mg 1(-1) bap (6- benzyl aminopurine), and supplemented with or without sucrose (3%). a range of co2 concentrations (0.0, 0.6, 10, 40 g(-3)) was provided in small acrylic chambers by using different concentrations and combinations of nahco3 (sodium bicarbonate), na2co3 (sodium carbonate), khco3 (potassium bicarbonate) and k2co3 (potassium carbonate). to obtain a co2-free environment, a satur ... | 2009 | 19405387 |
| [chemical constituents from roots of phlomis umbrosa]. | to study the chemical constituents of phlomis umbrosa. | 2009 | 19623984 |
| terminalia bellirica stimulates the secretion and action of insulin and inhibits starch digestion and protein glycation in vitro. | traditional plant treatments have been used throughout the world for the therapy of diabetes mellitus. the aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and mode of action of terminalia bellirica used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes in india. t. bellirica aqueous extract stimulated basal insulin output and potentiated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion concentration-dependently in the clonal pancreatic beta-cell line, brin-bd11 (p < 0.001). the insulin-secretory activity ... | 2010 | 19723351 |
| terminalia belerica roxb. seed oil: a potential biodiesel resource. | terminalia belerica seeds, collected from indian forests, were explored as an alternate bioresource for biodiesel synthesis. the oil yield of t. belerica seed is about 31% (dry weight basis). the fatty acid profile of t. belerica seed oil shows predominance of oleic acid (c(18:1)) glycerides (61.5%) along with linoleic (18.5%) and palmitic (11.6%) glycerides. oil was extracted and evaluated for physico-chemical properties vis-a-vis jatropha, sunflower, soybean and rapeseed oil. t. belerica oil w ... | 2010 | 19854638 |
| exudativory in the bengal slow loris (nycticebus bengalensis) in trishna wildlife sanctuary, tripura, northeast india. | in this study we estimated the extent of exudativory in nycticebus bengalensis and examined whether exudates can be considered as fallback foods. this study was carried out in trishna wildlife sanctuary, northeastern india, in winter (december-february) and summer (march and april). we estimated time-activity budget using instantaneous sampling and used continuous focal animal sampling to record all instances and durations of feeding, over a total of 177 hr. feeding accounted for 22.3+/-2.2% of ... | 2010 | 19937974 |
| safety of a novel botanical extract formula for ameliorating allergic rhinitis. part ii. | abstract each year more than 50 million americans suffer from allergic rhinitis, which is a state of hypersensitivity or hyperimmunity. basically, allergic rhinitis is symptomatically recognized as the inflammation and irritation of the nasal mucosal membranes; sneezing; stuffy/runny nose; nasal congestion; and itchy; watery, and swollen eyes; and defined as a state of hypersensitivity/ hyperimmunity caused by exposure to a particular allergen (antigen) that results in increased reactivity upon ... | 2005 | 20021083 |
| safety of a novel botanical extract formula for ameliorating allergic rhinitis. | allergic rhinitis (also known as hay fever) is the most commonly occurring immunological disorder, and it affects 40 million men, women, and children in the united states. symptomatically, it is an inflammation and irritation of the mucous membranes that line the nose. allergy is defined as a state of hypersensitivity or hyperimmunity caused by exposure to a particular antigen (allergen) that results in increased reactivity upon subsequent exposure. a novel botanical formulation, aller-7/nr-a2, ... | 2003 | 20021150 |
| the diversity of antibacterial compounds of terminalia species (combretaceae). | the antibacterial activity of acetone, hexane, dichloromethane leaf extract of five terminalia species (terminalia alata heyne ex roth., terminalia arjuna (roxb.) wt. and am., terminalia bellerica (gaertn.) roxb., terminalia catappa l. and terminalia chebula retz.) were tested by agar-well-diffusion method against human pathogens e. coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis. the rf values and relative activities of separated compounds w ... | 2009 | 20180323 |
| antioxidant activity and polyphenol content in edible wild fruits from nepal. | fifteen fruits commonly used by the ethnic population in nepal were studied for the antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content (tpc). among them, terminalia bellirica, terminalia chebula, phyllanthus emblica and spondias pinnata were the most potent antioxidants as compared with vitamin c based on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical assay. these fruits also contained high tpcs. spondias pinnata, pyrularia edulis, melastoma malabathricum, cipadema bacifera and choerospondias axillar ... | 2010 | 20187713 |
| kinetics and docking studies of a cox-2 inhibitor isolated from terminalia bellerica fruits. | triphala is an ayurvedic herbal formulation consisting of equal parts of three myrobalans: terminalia chebula, terminalia bellerica and emblica officinalis. we recently reported that chebulagic acid (ca) isolated from terminalia chebula is a potent cox-2/5-lox dual inhibitor. in this study, compounds isolated from terminalia bellerica were tested for inhibition against cox and 5-lox. one of the fractionated compounds showed potent inhibition against cox enzymes with no inhibition against 5-lox. ... | 2010 | 20441561 |
| vibriocidal activity of certain medicinal plants used in indian folklore medicine by tribals of mahakoshal region of central india. | screening of the medicinal plants and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) against vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus. | 2009 | 20442821 |
| polyphenolic compounds in the fruits of egyptian medicinal plants (terminalia bellerica, terminalia chebula and terminalia horrida): characterization, quantitation and determination of antioxidant capacities. | thirty-four polyphenolic substances in methanol extracts of the fruits of terminalia bellerica, terminalia chebula and terminalia horrida, three plants used in egyptian folk medicine, were initially identified by hplc-esi-ms and quantitated by analytical hplc after column chromatography on sephadex lh-20. after purification by semi-preparative hplc the compounds were identified by their mass and fragmentation patterns using esi-ms-ms. for several compounds detailed 1h/13c nmr analysis at 600 mhz ... | 2010 | 20451939 |
| comparative study of the antioxidant and reactive oxygen species scavenging properties in the extracts of the fruits of terminalia chebula, terminalia belerica and emblica officinalis. | cellular damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ros) has been implicated in several diseases, and hence natural antioxidants have significant importance in human health. the present study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and reactive oxygen species scavenging activities of terminalia chebula, terminalia belerica and emblica officinalis fruit extracts. | 2010 | 20462461 |
| antioxidant activity of acetone extract/fractions of terminalia bellerica roxb. fruit. | terminalia bellerica roxb. (family: combretaceae) has been valued in indian system of medicine for treatment of wide range of diseases and reported to have antioxidant properties. in the present study, the free radical scavenging activity and antioxidant potential of acetone extract/fractions of its fruit was investigated using in vitro assays, including scavenging ability against 2,2'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph), beta-carotene bleaching inhibition, reducing power and chelating ability on f ... | 2010 | 20521625 |
| effect of a novel antiinflammatory polyherbal preparation (sudarshanam oil) on hematological parameters in wistar rats. | the present investigation was an attempt to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of a polyherbal preparation (sudarshanam oil) on hematological parameters in wistar rats. this polyherbal formula contains main ingredients of tinaspora cordifolia, curcuma longa, terminalia chebula, emblica officinalis, andrographis paniculata and terminalia belerica. the active phytochemicals such as tannins, glycosides, flavonoids and triterpenoids are extracted from these herbal plants. and extract was prepared ... | 2010 | 20524430 |
| a new glycosidic flavonoid from jwarhar mahakashay (antipyretic) ayurvedic preparation. | the aqueous extract of jwarhar mahakashay ayurvedic preparation (from the roots of hemidesmus indicus r. br., rubia cordifolia l., cissampelos pareira l.; fruits of terminalia chebula retz., emblica officinalis gaertn., terminalia bellirica roxb., vitis vinifera l., grewia asiatica l., salvadora persica l. and granules of saccharum officinarum l.) has been used as a traditional antipyretic. experimental studies confirmed its antipyretic-analgesic effect with very low ulcerogenicity and toxicity. ... | 2010 | 20814525 |
| the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia; a systematic review. | this review focuses on the efficacy and safety of effective herbal medicines in the management of hyperlipidemia in human. | 2010 | 20858178 |
| in vitro antioxidant and inhibitory potential of terminalia bellerica and emblica officinalis fruits against ldl oxidation and key enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes. | the present study evaluated the free radical scavenging capacity and antioxidant potential of different solvent extracts (hexane (he), ethyl acetate (ea), methanol (me), 70% methanol (mw) and water (wa)) of terminalia bellerica (tb) and emblica officinalis (eb) fruits. methanol extract (me) of tb and eb fruits exhibited maximum scavenging activity against dpph, superoxide, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals. cell based antioxidant activity was assayed by flow cytometry using dcfh-da as probe. me ... | 2010 | 20951180 |
| insulin-secretagogue, antihyperlipidemic and other protective effects of gallic acid isolated from terminalia bellerica roxb. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. | diabetes mellitus causes derangement of carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism which eventually leads to a number of secondary complications. terminalia bellerica is widely used in indian medicine to treat various diseases including diabetes. the present study was carried out to isolate and identify the putative antidiabetic compound from the fruit rind of t. bellerica and assess its chemico-biological interaction in experimental diabetic rat models. bioassay guided fractionation was followe ... | 2010 | 21078310 |
| triphala, ayurvedic formulation for treating and preventing cancer: a review. | background: triphala (sanskrit tri = three and phala = fruits), composed of the three medicinal fruits phyllanthus emblica l. or emblica officinalis gaertn., terminalia chebula retz., and terminalia belerica retz. is an important herbal preparation in the traditional indian system of medicine, ayurveda. triphala is an antioxidant-rich herbal formulation and possesses diverse beneficial properties. it is a widely prescribed ayurvedic drug and is used as a colon cleanser, digestive, diuretic, and ... | 2010 | 21138390 |
| detection of toxic heavy metals and pesticide residue in herbal plants which are commonly used in the herbal formulations. | herbal formulations are getting popular throughout the world and commercialized extensively for various medicinal properties. who has emphasized the need for quality assurance of herbal products, including testing of heavy metals and pesticides residues. in view of who guidelines, single herbal drugs used in herbal formulations were collected from local market, for testing heavy metals and persistent pesticides residue. therefore, in the present case, we have examined few local samples of certai ... | 2011 | 21210215 |
| in vitro antioxidant activities of the methanol extract and its different solvent fractions obtained from the fruit pericarp of terminalia bellerica. | terminalia bellerica has been used as a traditional medicine in a variety of ailments including anaemia, asthma, cancer, inflammation, rheumatism and hypertension. in this study, the free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of methanol extract (me) and its different solvent fractions (namely hexane (he), ethyl acetate (ea), butanol (bl) and water (wa)) of the t. bellerica fruit pericarp were evaluated and compared with standard antioxidant compounds like gallic acid (ga), catechin and ... | 2011 | 21294040 |
| in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of water extracts of phyllanthus emblica, terminalia chebula, and terminalia bellerica. | to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity and the cytotoxicity of phyllanthus emblica linn, terminalia chebula retz, and terminalia bellerica (gaertn) roxb extracts. | 2010 | 21294406 |
| antinociceptive activity of chronic administration of different extracts of terminalia bellerica roxb. and terminalia chebula retz. fruits. | the petroleum ether (pe), chloroform (ch), ethanol (eth) and water extracts of terminalia bellerica and t. chebula fruits were evaluated for their analgesic activity using the tail immersion model in mice. the ethanolic extracts of both the plants exhibited analgesic response at 200,400 and 800mg/kg. the studies were further carried for 15 days to evaluate the effect of these extracts in chronic pain and maximum analgesic response was observed on 14th day in both the plants. phytochemical invest ... | 2010 | 21506501 |
| evaluation of anticataract potential of triphala in selenite-induced cataract: in vitro and in vivo studies. | triphala (tp) is composed of emblica officinalis, terminalia chebula, and terminalia belerica. the present study was undertaken to evaluate its anticataract potential in vitro and in vivo in a selenite-induced experimental model of cataract. in vitro enucleated rat lenses were maintained in organ culture containing dulbecco's modified eagles medium alone or with the addition of 100++m selenite. these served as the normal and control groups, respectively. in the test group, the medium was supplem ... | 2010 | 21731375 |
| isolation of genomic dna suitable for community analysis from mature trees adapted to arid environment. | isolation of intact and pure genomic dna (gdna) is essential for many molecular biology applications. it is difficult to isolate pure dna from mature trees of hot and dry desert regions because of the accumulation of high level of polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, tannins etc. we hereby report the standardized protocol for the isolation and purification of gdna from seven ecologically and medically important tree species of combretaceae viz. anogeissus (anogeissussericea var. nummularia, anog ... | 2011 | 21827837 |
| ethnomedicinal and ecological status of plants in garhwal himalaya, india. | the northern part of india harbours a great diversity of medicinal plants due to its distinct geography and ecological marginal conditions. the traditional medical systems of northern india are part of a time tested culture and honored still by people today. these traditional systems have been curing complex disease for more than 3,000 years. with rapidly growing demand for these medicinal plants, most of the plant populations have been depleted, indicating a lack of ecological knowledge among c ... | 2011 | 22011477 |
| Preventive effect of Terminalia bellirica on obesity and metabolic disorders in spontaneously obese type 2 diabetic model mice. | Visceral obesity induces insulin resistance and is recognized as an important risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MS). Therefore, inhibition of lipid absorption from the intestine is regarded as an effective way of preventing MS. Terminalia bellirica is extensively used in Ayurvedic medicine in India and neighboring countries, and the fruit of this plant has been reported to have hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. In this study, we investigated the preventive effect of a hot water extract o ... | 2011 | 22105160 |
| thai ethnomedicinal plants as resistant modifying agents for combating acinetobacter baumannii infections. | acinetobacter baumannii is well-recognized as an important nosocomial pathogen, however, due to their intrinsic resistance to several antibiotics, treatment options are limited. synergistic effects between antibiotics and medicinal plants, particularly their active components, have intensively been studied as alternative approaches. | 2012 | 22536985 |
| chemoprotective role of triphala against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride induced carcinogenic damage to mouse liver. | the present study was carried out to investigate the protective role of triphala (a combination in equal proportions by weight of fruit powder of terminalia belerica, terminalia chebula and emblica officinalis) against 1,2-dimethylhydrazinedihydrochloride (dmh) induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (er stress) in mouse liver. an oral dose of 3 mg/kg body wt in drinking water for 5 weeks significantly (p < 0.001) increased the levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (sgot), serum gluta ... | 2011 | 22754195 |
| investigation of heavy metals in frequently utilized medicinal plants collected from environmentally diverse locations of north western india. | the increasing prevalence of environmental pollution, especially soil contamination with heavy metals has led to their uptake in the human food chains through plant parts. accumulation and magnification of heavy metals in human tissues through consumption of herbal remedies can cause hazardous impacts on health. therefore, chemical profiling of nine heavy metals (mn, cr, pb, fe, cd, co, zn, ni and hg) was undertaken in stem and leaf samples of ten medicinal plants (acacia nilotica, bacopa monnie ... | 2013 | 24386622 |
| salt tolerances of some mainland tree species select as through nursery screening. | a study of salt tolerance was carried out on germination, survival and height growth performance of important mesophytic species such as acacia auriculiformis, acacia hybrid, artocarpus heterophyllus, albizia procera, albizia lebbeck, acacia nilotica, achras sapota, casuarina equisetifolaia, emblica officinalis, leucaena leucocephala, samania saman, swetenia macrophylla, terminalia arjuna, tamarindus indica, terminalia bellirica and thespesia populnea in nursery stage using fresh water and salt ... | 2013 | 24502152 |
| screening for lead compounds and herbal extracts with potential anti-influenza viral activity. | nonstructural protein 1 (ns1) of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (h5n1) contains a conserved rna binding domain (rbd) that inhibits antiviral functions of host-innate immune response. dimerization of ns1 forms a central groove and binds to double stranded (ds) rna. this region might serve as a potential drug target. in this study, three dimensional structure model of ns1 rbd protein was constructed and virtual screening was performed to identify lead compounds that bound within and a ... | 2014 | 24964655 |
| activity study of biogenic spherical silver nanoparticles towards microbes and oxidants. | the eco-friendly approach for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (snp) using terminalia bellirica (t. bellirica) fruit extract is reported herein. initially formation of snp was noticed through visual color change from yellow to reddish brown and further analyzed by surface plasmonic resonance (spr) band at 429 nm using uv-vis spectroscopy. identification of different polyphenols present in t. bellirica extract was done using high pressure liquid chromatography (hplc). aqueous t. bellir ... | 2015 | 25128676 |
| the roman and islamic spice trade: new archaeological evidence. | tropical spices have long been utilized in traditional medicine and cuisine. new archaeological evidence highlights temporal changes in the nature and scale of the ancient spice trade and in the ancient usage of these plants. furthermore, a study of their 'materiality' highlights that the impact of spices extends beyond their material properties. here the botanical remains of spices recovered from archaeological excavations at a port active in the roman and medieval islamic spice trade are evalu ... | 2015 | 25278182 |
| aqueous extract of some indigenous medicinal plants inhibits glycation at multiple stages and protects erythrocytes from oxidative damage-an in vitro study. | azadirachta indica, emblica officinalis, syzygium cumini and terminalia bellirica are common in indian system of traditional medicine for the prevention of diabetes and its complications. the aim of the present study was to comprehensively and comparatively investigate the antiglycation potential of these plant extracts at multiple stages and their possible protective effect against glycated albumin mediated toxicity to erythrocytes. antiglycation activities of these plant extracts was measured ... | 2015 | 25829572 |
| effect of tri-sa-maw recipe on gastrointestinal regulation and motility. . | tri-sa-maw recipe is comprised ofequal proportions of three herbal fruits, including terminalia chebula retz., terminalia sp. and terminalia bellirica roxb. the traditional use of this recipe has been reported as a medication for fever; expectorant, relief of tightness in the stomach, laxative and antidiarrheal agent. | 2015 | 26211097 |
| acute and sub-chronic toxicity of tri-sa-maw recipe in rats. | tri-sa-maw recipe is a botanical preparation comprised of equal proportions ofthe three herbalfruits, namely terminalia chebula retz., tenninalia sp. and terminalia bellirica roxb. this recipe is used for antipyretic, expectorant, periodic maintenance, and relieving stomach tight. | 2015 | 26211098 |
| analgesic and antipyretic activity of tri-sa-maw recipe. | tri-sa-maw recipe is composed of equal proportions of the three fruits including terminalia chebula retz., terminalia sp. and terminalia bellirica roxb. in southeast asia, these fruits are used as both food and medicine. in thai traditional medicine, tri-sa-maw recipe is well known for treating fever, expectorant, periodic maintenance, and tight stomach relief | 2015 | 26211099 |
| restoration of degraded soil in the nanmangalam reserve forest with native tree species: effect of indigenous plant growth-promoting bacteria. | restoration of a highly degraded forest, which had lost its natural capacity for regeneration, was attempted in the nanmangalam reserve forest in eastern ghats of india. in field experiment, 12 native tree species were planted. the restoration included inoculation with a consortium of 5 native plant growth-promoting bacteria (pgpb), with the addition of small amounts of compost and a chemical fertilizer (npk). the experimental fields were maintained for 1080 days. the growth and biomass varied d ... | 2016 | 27195310 |
| dna-based simultaneous identification of three terminalia species targeting adulteration. | various parts of three terminalia species, namely, terminalia arjuna (stem bark), terminalia bellirica (fruit), and terminalia chebula (fruit) are widely known for their therapeutic principles and other commercial values. however, stem bark of t. bellirica and t. chebula along with terminalia tomentosa are reported as adulterants of t. arjuna. correct botanical identification is very critical for safe and effective herbal drugs. dna-based identification approaches are advancing the conventional ... | 2016 | 27563228 |
| anti bacterial efficacy of terminalia chebula, terminalia bellirica, embilica officinalis and triphala on salivary streptococcus mutans count - a linear randomized cross over trial. | from the oral health perspective, it is well established that microorganisms have an important role in caries aetiology. from the dawn of civilization, herbal plants have served an array of roles. triphala a tradtional herbal ayurvedic formula consists of three native fruits of india including terminalia chebula (t. chebula), terminalia bellirica (t. bellirica) and embilica officinalis (e. officinalis). as per ayurvedic formulary of india (afi) triphala is prepared by combining a 1:1:1 mixture o ... | 2017 | 28384980 |