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productive performance and liver lesions in two strains of laying hens receiving two rapeseed meals.a comparative study was conducted to determine the effect of two varieties of rapeseed meal at 10 and 20% levels in the diet on the productive performance, organ weights and liver lesions of two commercial strains of laying hens. the double-low (brassica napus 1788) rapeseed meal appeared to be superior to span meal (brassica campestris) at the 10% level in maintaining egg production, feed efficiency, thyroid weight and body weight gain. however at the 20% level the productive performance was de ...1977611494
iii. histochemical characteristics of suspensor during embryo development in brassica campestris linn. var., sarson.the development of suspensor in brassica campestris is of the "onagrad type"; the suspensor growth was maximum between the globular and heart stage of embryo development. there after, the suspensor diminished and immediately after the torpedo stage, it degenerated several enzymes (e.g. acid-, alkaline-, adenosine triphosphatase, peroxidase, succinate dehydrogenase, cyotchrome oxidase) and general substances (ascorbic acid, polysaccharides, lipids) were localized in the suspensor during different ...1976827902
nutritional effects of partially hydrogenated low erucic rapeseed oils.the incidence of cardiac lesions in male rats fed rapeseed oil (brassica campestris, cultivar "span") was lower with partially hydrogenated oil (iodine value 78) than withe the liquid oil which had been treated in various ways. another rapeseed oil (brassica napus, cultivar "tower") was similarly improved when hydrogenated to iodine value 76.6, but not at iodine value 97.1, as demonstrated in both sprague-dawley and wistar rats. the improved nutritional quality of hydrogenated oil appeared not t ...1977916818
brassica compestris var. span: i. fractionation of rapeseed oil by molecular distillation and adsorption chromatography.procedures for the large scale isolation of pure triglycerides and fractions rich in nontriglyceride components from span rapeseed oil are described. fractionation of brassica campestris var. span rapeseed oil by molecular distillation yielded 4 triglyceride fractions, all of which contained traces of sterol esters. an additional triglyceride fraction rich in free and esterified sterols and other volatile components was obtained from the oil. separation by adsorption chromatography of span rapes ...19751177662
brassica campestris var. span: ii. cardiopathogenicity of fractions isolated from span rapeseed oil when fed to male rats.rapeseed oils low in erucic acid caused myocardial lesions when fed to weanling male rats for 16 weeks. the cardiopathogenic properties appear to be associated with the triglycerides of the oil, and not to nontriglyceride components present in fully refined rapeseed oil. cardiac lipid analysis confirmed that erucic acid accumulation was proportional to the concentration of this acid in the diet.19751177663
lipid changes in tissues of young boars fed rapeseed oil or corn oil.fully refined rapeseed oil, brassica campestris var. arlo plus echo, and corn oil were fed at 20% by weight of a basal diet to young yorkshire boars. a serial slaughter technique was employed whereby 3 boars from each dietary treatment were killed at 0,1,2,3,4 and 8 weeks of the experiment. the fatty acid profiles of heart, liver, adrenals and testes lipids were investigated. the typical fatty acids of rapeseed oil, erucic and eicosenoic acids, were incorporated at different levels into the tiss ...19751232599
relationship between erucic acid and myocardial changes in male rats.the back and belly fat of pigs fed a diet containing 20% by wt rapeseed oil (22% erucic acid) for 16 weeks was rendered into oil. this rendered pig fat, which contained 5.6% erucic acid, was fed to male rats in three separate experiments at 20% by wt of the diet for 16 weeks. in experiment i rendered pig fat was compared only to brassica campestris var. span rapeseed oil containing 4.8% erucic acid. in experiments ii and iii, rendered pig fat was compared to commercial lard containing 0.2% docos ...19761250074
novel mitochondrial genomes in brassica napus somatic hybrids.the mitochondrial genomes of nine male-fertile and two ogura cytoplasmic male-sterile (cms) brassica napus somatic hybrids were probed with 46 mitochondrial dna fragments. the distribution of information obtained from each fusion partner was not random. several regions, including the coxi gene and a major recombination repeat sequence, were always derived from the brassica campestris fusion partner, and some regions were always derived from the ogura mitochondrial genome. novel fragments occurre ...19921356079
single amino acid change in the helicase domain of the putative rna replicase of turnip crinkle virus alters symptom intensification by virulent satellites.the virulent satellite [satellite c (sat c)] of turnip crinkle virus (tcv) is a small pathogenic rna that intensifies symptoms in tcv-infected turnip plants (brassica campestris). the virulence of sat c is determined by properties of the satellite itself and is influenced by the helper virus. symptoms produced in infections with sat c differ in severity depending on the helper virus. the tcv-ji helper virus produces more severe symptoms than the tcv-b helper virus when inoculated with sat c. to ...19921370351
preliminary observations on inhalation and intradermal challenges of horses with oil seed rape.horses with asymptomatic or symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and control horses were challenged with oil seed rape either by exposure to a field of flowering brassica campestris for six days, or by an inhalation challenge with freshly collected pollen from brassica napus, or by inhalation challenge with a commercial extract of b napus pollen. clinical and bronchoscopic examinations showed that the challenges did not induce detectable pulmonary disease in the control or as ...19921413430
effect of dietary cysteine supplements on canola meal toxicity and altered hepatic glutathione metabolism in the rat.experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding canola meal (brassica campestris and brassica napus) on the rat hepatic glutathione detoxification system and whether dietary cysteine supplements might modify such effects. rats were fed test diets for 14 d. body weight change, feed consumption, hepatic glutathione concentration, and hepatic glutathione-s-transferase (gsh-s-t) activities were determined. weight gain was decreased when canola meal was fed, whereas hepatic glutathione ...19921506312
use of the polymerase chain reaction to isolate an s-locus glycoprotein cdna introgressed from brassica campestris into b. napus ssp. oleifera.a self-incompatible canola-quality brassica napus ssp. oleifera line (w1) was generated by introgressing the s-locus from a self-incompatible b. campestris plant into the westar cultivar. using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with primers derived from conserved regions in s-locus glycoprotein (slg) alleles, the central region of the active slg gene (910) was obtained. the remaining portions of the cdna for this 910 gene were subsequently cloned using the pcr-rapid amplification of cdna ends ...20061508146
variable intron content of the nadh dehydrogenase subunit 4 gene of plant mitochondria.the gene nad4, encoding subunit four of the mitochondrial nadh dehydrogenase complex i, has been isolated and characterized from turnip, brassica campestris. the 8 kb turnip nad4 gene contains four exons, which potentially encode a nad4 polypeptide of 495 amino acids, and three large group ii introns. northern analysis identifies an abundant 2 kb transcript that most likely serves as the nad4 mrna, while several larger transcripts (putative splicing intermediates) are also detected. analysis of ...19921525869
the mode of cauliflower mosaic virus propagation in the plant allows rapid amplification of viable mutant strains.we inoculated the leaves of turnip plants (brassica campestris spp. rapa cv. just right) with two cauliflower mosaic viruses (camvs) with different small mutations in a dispensable region of the viral genome, and followed the spread of the virus infection through the plant. surprisingly, analysis of viral dna in single primary chlorotic lesions revealed the presence of both mutants. in contrast, the secondary chlorotic lesions and systemically infected leaves contained virus molecules of either ...19921607862
patterns of mitochondrial dna instability in brassica campestris cultured cells.we previously showed that the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of a brassica campestris callus culture had undergone extensive rearrangements (i.e. large inversions and a duplication) relative to dna of the control plant [54]. in this study we observed that after continued growth, the mtdna of this culture continues to change, with rearranged forms amplifying and diminishing to varying proportions. strikingly similar changes were detected in the mtdna profiles of a variety of other long- and short-term ...19911653628
characterization of 2s seed storage protein of brassica campestris and its antigenic homology with seed proteins of other cruciferae.the low molecular weight seed storage protein of brassica campestris has been isolated and its amino acid composition determined. antibody raised against this low molecular weight protein has been used to compare the antigenic similarity between the low molecular weight storage proteins of different cruciferae seeds by immunoprecipitation and western blotting. these studies revealed the existence of antigenically homologous proteins of identical molecular weights in seeds of other cruciferae but ...19911805785
isolation and developmental expression of bcp1, an anther-specific cdna clone in brassica campestris.differential screening of a mature brassica campestris pollen cdna library has identified five cdna clones that represent transcripts expressed exclusively, or at elevated levels, in pollen. we show here that the expression of one of these, clone bcp1, is tissue specific and temporally regulated. the gene is activated during microspore development, as detected by in situ hybridization. expression is enhanced at the time of pollen maturation and during pollen germination. in situ hybridization ha ...19911821760
the cdna sequence of ns1 glycoprotein of brassica campestris and its homology to s-locus-related glycoproteins of b. oleracea. 19911863779
dna sequences of self-incompatibility genes from brassica campestris and b. oleracea: polymorphism predating speciation. 20061893115
genetic analysis of determinants of disease severity and virus concentration in cauliflower mosaic virus.cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) strains cm1841 and w260 produced markedly different symptoms when inoculated onto turnips (brassica campestris l. 'just right'). the cm1841 strain induced a mild degree of stunting of infected plants while strain w260 caused moderate to severe stunting. although cm1841 was significantly milder than w260, it accumulated to a significantly higher concentration than w260 in systemically infected leaves. we constructed a series of hybrid viruses in order to map region ...19912014640
point mutations in the turnip crinkle virus capsid protein affect the symptoms expressed by nicotiana benthamiana.in an effort to determine the biological function(s) of the capsid protein protruding domains unique to the plant carmo- and tombusviruses, we constructed turnip crinkle virus (tcv) mutants in which tandem, in-frame translation terminators replaced the first two codons of the five-amino acid hinge between the shell and the protruding domains of the tcv capsid protein. one of the mutants replicated in inoculated leaves and protoplasts without detectable accumulation of capsid protein. the mutant ...19912053278
isolation and characterization of a highly repetitive dna of brassica campestris. 19902102824
the isolation and sequence analysis of two seed-expressed acyl carrier protein genes from brassica napus.genomic southern blot analysis of brassica napus dna indicates that seed-expressed acyl carrier protein (acp) is encoded by a multigene family of some 35 genes/haploid genome. two genomic clones encoding b. napus acp have been isolated and sequenced. the coding sequences of the 2 respective genes were found to be perfectly homologous to 2 distinct b. napus seed-expressed cdnas and therefore represent seed-expressed forms of acp. the 2 genomic acp sequences share 94% homology within their coding ...19902102833
a repetitive sequence from diplotaxis erucoides is highly homologous to that of brassica campestris and b. oleracea. 19902103429
point mutations in cauliflower mosaic virus gene vi confer host-specific symptom changes.mutants of cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) strain d4 have been characterized with regard to host-specific phenotypes that resulted from specific changes in the viral dna sequence. both the mutant and the wild-type viruses infect a brassicaceous host, brassica campestris, systemically, giving indistinguishable symptoms. however, in the solanaceous host datura stramonium, which was systemically infectible by the wild-type virus, mutants induced necrotic local lesions at 21 degrees c and above, and ...20072134858
oil content and fatty acid composition of promising indian brassica campestris l. (toria) genotypes.seeds of sixty four genotypes of brassica campestris l. (toria) were analyzed for oil content and fatty acid composition. oil content varied from 38.9% to 44.6%. major fatty acids viz. oleic, linoleic, linolenic, eicosenoic and erucic acids exhibited ranges from 10.1% to 17.3%, 5.9% to 14.5%, 5.2% to 15.0%, 7.7% to 13.7% and 39.6% to 59.9%, respectively. compared to the standard cultivar itsa, four genotypes contained 5 to 8% lower content of erucic acid; and six genotypes contained significantl ...19892762244
mycotoxins produced by fusarium oxysporum in the seeds of brassica campestris during storage.three recognized mycotoxins, viz. diaxetoxyscirpenol, t-2 toxin and zearalenone, along with the fatty esters of these toxins were isolated from the flask culture extractives of fusarium oxysporum schlecht (imi 273220) as also from seeds of brassica campestris var. sarson (mustard) infected with this fungus in storage. evaluation of biological activity and toxicity of the extractives and the effects of prolonged ingestion of the mouldy seeds by animals suggest that the infected seeds may present ...19872952882
extensive mitochondrial specific transcription of the brassica campestris mitochondrial genome.we constructed a complete transcriptional map of the 218 kb brassica campestris (turnip) mitochondrial genome. twenty-four abundant and positionally distinct transcripts larger than 500 nucleotides were identified by northern analyses. approximately 30% (61 kb) of the genome is highly transcribed. in addition, a number of less abundant transcripts, many of which overlap with each other and with the major transcripts, were also detected. if each abundant transcript represents a distinct rrna or p ...19873601669
the nucleotide sequence of a cdna clone encoding acyl carrier protein (acp) from brassica campestris seeds. 19873658685
[micro-organisms solubilizing insoluble phosphate mineral compounds in the rhizosphere of the rape plant (brassica campestris)].the aim of this study carried out in a soil of the experimental station of the faculty of agronomy of the university of bs. as. was to study the influence of the root of brassica campestris on the functional group of microorganism dissolving insoluble phosphorus mineral compounds, bi and tricalcium phosphate. the microbiological quantitative analysis showed the following values: for bicalcium-phosphate: 5.7 x 10(8), 2.8 x 10(8), and 1.0 x 10(8) and for tricalcium phosphate: 3.2 x 10(8), 1.7 x 10 ...19853870745
on a model for the structure of circular mitochondrial genomes in higher plants.the mitochondrial genome of some higher plants consists of a discrete set of circular molecules. the heterogeneity found in the number of circles and their size is puzzling. in some plants evidence exists that indicates that these circular dna molecules undergo intermolecular and intramolecular recombination events. the result of these events is that two small circles can combine to give one large circle or one large circle can break up into two small circles. here we pursue the idea that such r ...19853870964
isolation and characterization of an iron-containing superoxide dismutase from tomato leaves, lycopersicon esculentum.a cyanide-insensitive superoxide dismutase was purified from tomato leaves (lycopersicon esculentum, mill., var. venture) to apparent homogeneity. the enzyme had twofold higher specific activity (about 4000 standard units) than ferric superoxide dismutases purified from brassica campestris [salin, m. l. and bridges, s. m. (1980) arch. biochem. biophys. 201, 369-374] and nuphar luteum [salin, m.l. and bridges, s. m. (1982) plant physiol. 69, 161-165]. the protein had a relative molecular mass of ...19853967667
a heat shock protein is encoded within mitochondria of higher plants.a temperature shift from 25 to 41 degrees c initiates the synthesis of a specific set of proteins in maize, including a peptide of 60 kilodaltons. using an in vitro mitochondrial protein synthesizing system, we provide evidence that this 60-kda heat shock protein is encoded within the organelle. further support for this heat-induced protein being encoded within mitochondria is that its synthesis is inhibited in whole seedlings by chloramphenicol. this 60-kda heat shock protein is induced in all ...19854066675
structural investigation of water-soluble rapeseed (brassica campestris) polysaccharides. ii. an acidic arabinogalactan. 19724343240
study of free and bound lipids of brassica campestris, var yellow sarson. 19744366535
structural investigation of oxalate-soluble rapeseed (brassica campestris) polysaccharides. 3. an arabinan. 19744370397
a di-d-galactosyl-myo-inositol from rapeseed (brassica campestris) meal. 19734751275
growth rate, lipid composition, metabolism and myocardial lesions of rats fed rapeseed oils (brassica campestris var. arlo, echo and span, and b. napus var. oro). 19734752972
low molecular weight carbohydrates from rapeseed (brassica campestris) meal. 19734763682
influence of canola hulls on gain in weight of larvae of the yellow mealworm, tenebrio molitor l.larvae of the yellow mealworm, tenebrio molitor l., gembloux strain, race f, were reared on diets in which the protein component was supplied by defatted ground seed, defatted ground dehulled fraction, or defatted ground hulls of brassica napus l. cv. tower or brassica campestris l. cv. candle, obtained from autoclaved seed. they were also fed casein diets to which defatted ground hulls of tower or candle seed were added. gain in weight was equally good for all diets containing candle seed fract ...19836204614
quantitative cytochemistry of beta-galactosidase in normal and enzyme deficient (gal) pollen of brassica campestris: application of the indigogenic method.the available cytochemical methods for localization of beta-galactosidase have been evaluated using pollen grains of brassica campestris. beta-galactosidase-deficient pollen (gal), served as a control. azo dye methods involving naphthyl substrates showed high and nonspecific background staining to the exine. the indigogenic method, employing 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl beta-d-galactoside (x-gal) as the enzyme substrate, gave specific opaque-blue final reaction product, while mutant pollen grains ...19846442287
effects of cold exposure on feed protein degradation, microbial protein synthesis and transfer of plasma urea to the rumen of sheep.1. three diets of barley-canola-seed (brassica campestris), lucerne (medicago sativa) or chopped brome-grass (bromus inermis) were given at intervals of 3 h to closely-shorn suffolk wethers held at a temperature of 1-5 degree (cold) or 22-24 degree (warm). apparent digestibility of organic matter (om) and nitrogen was reduced by 0.08-0.05 and 0.04 units respectively for lucerne and brome-grass diets given to cold-exposed sheep, but no treatment effects on digestibility were observed for the barl ...19827082623
absence of the iron-containing superoxide dismutase in mitochondria from mustard (brassica campestris).mitochondria were isolated from mature leaves as well as etiolated seedlings of brassica campestris (mustard), a eukaryote previously shown to possess the iron-containing isoenzyme of superoxide dismutase. on the basis of kcn- and h2o2-sensitivity, and on polyacrylamide-gel analysis, only the cuprozinc and mangano superoxide dismutases were found in mitochondria. the iron-containing enzyme was absent. the mangano enzyme was found in the mitochondrial matrix, whereas the cuprozinc enzyme appeared ...19817306048
isolation and characterization of an iron-containing superoxide dismutase from a eucaryote, brassica campestris. 19807396513
"arabidobrassica": evidence for intergeneric somatic hybrid nature from electron microscopic morphometry of chromatin.the new method of species and hybrid characterization and determination by quantitative morphometry of chromatin texture in ultra-thin sections of nuclei was applied to the somatic hybrid "arabidobrassica" and its parents, arabidopsis thaliana and brassica campestris. the somatic hybrid exhibits the average amount of condensed chromatin, if compared to the proportion of condensed chromatin in nuclei of the parent species. this result corresponds to similar findings in natural allopolyploids and ...19807398664
uniparental inheritance of a chloroplast photosystem ii polypeptide controlling herbicide binding.the ability of atrazine to inhibit photosystem ii electron transport and the rate of electron transfer from the primary to the secondary quinone electron acceptors in the photosystem ii complex were examined in triazine-resistant and -susceptible parental biotypes of brassica campestris l. and their f1 progeny derived from reciprocal crosses. the lack of herbicide inhibitory activity and the presence of functional properties which decreased the q- to b electron transport rate constant were inher ...19817470498
lipopolysaccharide from xanthomonas campestris induces defense-related gene expression in brassica campestris.purified lipopolysaccharide (lps) from xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris induced accumulation of transcript for beta-1,3-glucanase in turnip at concentrations of 1 micrograms/ml. the lipid a-inner core structure was required for activity but the o-antigen had no role. we suggest that release of lps in planta triggers expression of at least some defense-related genes.19957579622
detection of cleavage products from an in vivo transcribed cis hairpin ribozyme in turnips using the camv plant virus.in order to examine ribozyme (rz) activity in vivo, we have adapted a virus to deliver rz to plants. dna fragments that code for both active and mutant cis-hairpin rz were cloned into the double-stranded dna plant virus, cauliflower mosaic virus (camv). these rz constructs successfully infected brassica campestris rapa (turnip). the plants that were infected with the active-rz construct showed, on average, a one-week delay in the appearance of viral symptoms, when compared to the mutant-rz contr ...19957622041
immunobiochemical characterization of brassica campestris pollen allergen.brassica campestris (bc), eng. mustard, is an important source of pollen allergen, responsible for type i hypersensitivity disorders. in the present study, bc pollen extract was characterized by tlief, sds-page and immunoprinting. the extract separated into 50 silver stained bands of pi 3-9 on isoelectric focusing whereas it resolved into 14 coomassie blue stained protein bands of 14-100 kd on sds-page. immunoblot analysis with individual patient sera detected four allergenic proteins of 90, 67, ...19957647585
molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a seed-expressed acyl carrier protein (acp) gene from brassica campestris (agrani).we describe here the nucleotide sequence of the brassica campestris acpsf1 gene which encodes a seed-expressed acyl carrier protein (acp). the 3600 bp sequence consists of 1740 bp upstream of the translation start codon, 828 bp spanning the coding region which is interrupted by three introns and 1032 bp downstream of the stop codon. using a acpsf1 gene-specific probe, transcripts could be detected in developing seeds, but not in leaves. the gene is now the only known member that represents group ...19957654784
a high degree of homology exists between the protein encoded by slg and the s receptor domain encoded by srk in self-incompatible brassica campestris l.the sporophytic self-incompatibility system in brassica campestris is controlled by multiple alleles of a single locus, s. we isolated and characterized cdna clones that correspond to genes for s-glycoprotein (slg) and s-receptor kinase (srk) from an s9-homozygous strain. an srk9 fragment was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) by use of primers that corresponded to regions of the gene for the extracellular receptor domain (s-domain) and the kinase domain. the fragment was used as a ...19947697295
the sequences of s-glycoproteins involved in self-incompatibility of brassica campestris and their distribution among brassicaceae.s-glycoproteins have been thought to play a role in the self-incompatibility in brassica plants. two cdnas encoding s-glycoproteins were isolated from stigmas of two strains of brassica campestris. their amino acid sequences are highly homologous to each other. however, the numbers of the potential glycosylation sites are different, although most of them are conserved. in the middle part of the sequences, there are two supervariable regions which might contribute to the specificity of each s-gly ...19947764979
the sequences of s-receptor kinases (srk) involved in self-incompatibility and their homologies to s-locus glycoproteins of brassica campestris.s-receptor kinase (srk) is a kind of receptor protein kinase and has a receptor domain resembling s-locus glycoprotein (slg). cdnas encoding srk8 and srk12 were isolated respectively from s8 and s12 haplotypes of brassica campestris. the slg domains of srks were highly homologous to slgs, suggesting that both slg and srk might bind the same ligands in recognition of self-pollen.19957765971
comparison of processing treatments on the composition and functional properties of rapeseed preparations (brassica campestris l. var. toria).rapeseed preparations viz. rapeseed meal, concentrates and isolates were prepared using different processing treatments involving organic solvents, acids, alkali, steaming and boiling. their anti-nutritional constituents and functional properties were studied in comparison to undefatted meal. percent decrease in phytic acid and phenolic content was maximum in seeds boiled for 30 min and isolates, respectively. isolate ii prepared by sodium hexa-metaphosphate had minimum glucosinolates, maximum c ...19947838214
defense-related gene induction in brassica campestris in response to defined mutants of xanthomonas campestris with altered pathogenicity.we have studied the induction of beta-1,3-glucanase (bgl) in turnip following inoculation with pathovars of xanthomonas campestris and derived mutants. bgl transcript accumulated more rapidly in leaves in the incompatible interactions with x. c. pv. armoraciae and x. c. pv. raphani than in the compatible interaction with x. c. pv. campestris. no accumulation was seen in response to wounding or inoculation with water, salicylic acid, or escherichia coli. deletion of the hrp cluster from the x. ca ...19947949324
the cdna sequence of ns3-glycoprotein from brassica campestris and its homology to related proteins.a cdna clone encoding ns3-glycoprotein was isolated from stigmas of brassica campestris. ns-glycoproteins correspond to the slr1-glycoproteins of b. oleracea and are highly conserved within the species. these data suggest that the ns-glycoproteins may play a role in discrimination between species in the fertilization system of brassica.19938025820
purification and characterization of protein kinase c from a higher plant, brassica campestris l.protein kinase c (pkc) was partially purified from brassica campestris l., by successive chromatographies on deae-cellulose membrane, hydroxyapatite and phenyl-5pw columns. the purified preparation showed typical characteristics of the conventional type of mammalian pkc that responds to ca2+, phosphatidylserine, and diacylglycerol or the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. the plant pkc activity was apparently associated with a 75-kda polypeptide that was recognized b ...19948074672
isolation and characterization of soybean waste-degrading microorganisms and analysis of fertilizer effects of the degraded products.two microorganisms which could degrade soybean lees efficiently were isolated and identified as bacillus circulans and b. stearothermophilus. these two strains secreted thermostable proteases into the medium and could digest soybean lees rapidly and completely at 50 degrees c. initially, the soybean lees were degraded to proteins in approximately 20 h by these two strains, after which time the concentrations of peptides in the medium gradually increased. the degraded products from soybean lees c ...19948117080
phytogrowth-inhibitory activities of sulfur-containing compounds. ii. the inhibitory activities of thiosalicylic acid and dihydro-2(3h)-thiophenone-related compounds on plant growth.thiosalicylic acid (i) showed rather strong inhibitory activity on the growth of roots of all plants treated except abelmoschus esculentus moench at the concentration of 5.0 x 10(-4) m. this compound strongly inhibited the growth of the root of echinochloa utilis ohwi et yabuno even at the low concentration of 5.0 x 10(-5) m. dihydro-2(3h)-thiophenone (vii) also exhibited inhibitory activity on the growth of roots of all plants treated except glycine max merrill. both compounds inhibited the ger ...19938220332
sequence of a brassica campestris myrosinase gene. 19938278558
characterization of the brassica campestris mitochondrial gene for subunit six of nadh dehydrogenase: nad6 is present in the mitochondrion of a wide range of flowering plants.we have isolated the brassica campestris mitochondrial gene nad6, coding for subunit six of nadh dehydrogenase. the deduced amino-acid sequence of this gene shows considerable similarity to mitochondrially encoded nad6 proteins of other organisms as well as to nad6 proteins coded for by plant chloroplast dnas. the b. campestris nad6 gene appears to lack introns and produces an abundant transcript which is comparable in size to a previously described, unidentified transcript (#18) mapped to the b ...19938431956
haploid and diploid expression of a brassica campestris anther-specific gene promoter in arabidopsis and tobacco.the anther-specific cdna clone bcp1 from brassica campestris is expressed in both the haploid pollen and diploid tapetum, as shown by in situ hybridization. we have isolated bgp1, a genomic clone homologous to bcp1. the coding region and extensive 5' flanking sequences of bgp1 have been sequenced, and the coding region shows 88% identity with bcp1. rna gel blot analysis confirmed the expression of bgp1-specific transcripts in b. campestris pollen. a 767 bp 5' dna fragment was fused to the report ...19938510662
molecular cloning of members of the s-multigene family in self-incompatible brassica campestris l.we isolated 12 groups of genomic clones that contained slg-homologous regions from a genomic library constructed from an s9 homozygote of self-incompatible brassica campestris. both slg9 and srk9 genomic clones, which are located within the self-incompatibility (s) locus, were included in these groups. the promoter regions of slg9 and srk9 were completely identical for at least 200 bp upstream from their respective initiation codons (atg). the five sequence elements (boxes i to v) that are conse ...19958564299
characterization of a cdna encoding cysteine proteinase inhibitor from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis) flower buds.a cdna encoding a new phytocystatin isotype named bcpi-1 was isolated from a cdna library of chinese cabbage flower buds. the bcpi-1 clone encodes 199 amino acids resulting in a protein much larger than other known phytocystatins. bcpi-1 has an unusually long c-terminus. a bcpi-1 fusion protein expressed in escherichia coli strongly inhibits the enzymatic activity of papain, a cysteine proteinase. genomic southern blot analysis revealed that the bcpi gene is a member of a small multi-gene family ...19968616262
deduced amino acid sequence of 2s storage protein from brassica species and their conserved structural features.2s seed storage albumin coding regions from five brassica species, namely brassica campestris, b. oleracea, b. nigra, b. juncea, and b. carinata have been cloned by pcr amplification of genomic dna using oligonucleotide primers and their nucleotide sequences have been determined. these sequences showed more than 85% homology amongst themselves and considerable homology with some other crucifer 2s protein coding sequences. the deduced amino acid sequences showed more homology due to some inconseq ...19958714208
random amplified polymorphic dna markers of the brassica alboglabra chromosome of a b. campestris-alboglabra addition line.the alien c-genome chromosome in a brassica campestris alboglabra monosomic addition line was characterized by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. the alien chromosome carried three loci, ec, wc and lap-1c, controlling synthesis of erucic acid, white flower colour and a fast-migrating band of leucine aminopeptidase (lap-1cc) respectively. the rapd analysis revealed 17 markers specific to the alien chromosome. among 45 offspring plants from the selfed addition line the alien c-chrom ...19968785604
expressed sequence tags of chinese cabbage flower bud cdna.we randomly selected and partially sequenced cdna clones from a library of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis) flower bud cdnas. out of 1216 expressed sequence tags (ests), 904 cdna clones were unique or nonredundant. five hundred eighty-eight clones (48.4%) had sequence homology to functionally defined genes at the peptide level. only 5 clones encoded known flower-specific proteins. among the cdnas with no similarity to known protein sequences (628), 184 clones had signific ...19968787028
rhizobium leguminosarum as a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium: direct growth promotion of canola and lettuce.early seedling root growth of the nonlegumes canola (brassica campestris cv. tobin, brassica napus cv. westar) and lettuce (lactuca sativa cv. grand rapids) was significantly promoted by inoculation of seeds with certain strains of rhizobium leguminosarum, including nitrogen- and nonnitrogen-fixing derivatives under gnotobiotic conditions. the growth-promotive effect appears to be direct, with possible involvement of the plant growth regulators indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinin. auxotrophic rhi ...19968868235
the slgs corresponding to the same s24-haplotype are perfectly conserved in three different self-incompatible brassica campestris l.we have identified three strains of the same s24-haplotype in self-incompatible b. campestris l. two of them, s-12j and 1-1j, have been derived from japanese populations and one, 27-1t, from turkish one. the cdna clones of slg24 (s24-locus glycoprotein), which linked to the s-locus, were isolated from each strain, and sequenced. each clone isolated from s-12j, 1-1j and 27-1t, was designated as slg24 (s-12j), slg24 (1-1j) and slg24 (27-1t), respectively. their nucleotide sequences were completely ...19968979377
genes encoding subunit 6 of nadh dehydrogenase and subunit 6 of atp synthase are co-transcribed in maize mitochondria.the mitochondrial nad6 gene of maize was identified and mapped 1 kb downstream from the atp6 gene. it encodes a 220 amino-acid polypeptide. using northern hybridization experiments and rt-pcr analysis, we showed that both nad6 and atp6 are co-transcribed in maize mitochondria. rna editing of the mitochondrial nad6 transcript was studied by cdna sequencing. twelve edited sites were identified at the same positions as those already identified in the wheat mitochondria nad6 transcript. alignments o ...19979000382
an open reading frame for a protein involved in cytochrome c biogenesis is split into two parts in brassica mitochondria.a plant mitochondrial gene with sequence similarity to ccl1, a bacterial gene involved in cytochrome c biogenesis, occurs as a single open reading frame in wheat, oenothera, carrot and marchantia mtdnas. in brassica napus "polima" or brassica campestris mtdna, however, this open reading frame is split into two segments that are located 60 kb apart on the master-circle form of the genome. although transcripts of the split orf are edited in a manner similar to that of a functional gene, transcript ...19979000383
comparative analysis of the chromosomal and genomic organization of ty1-copia-like retrotransposons in pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms.we have investigated the physical distribution of the reverse transcriptase genes of ty1-copia-like retrotransposable elements from 12 plant species belonging to different subdivisions by hybridization in situ on chromosome preparations. ty1-copia-like elements showed different and non-random hybridization patterns. a dispersed distribution throughout most of the chromosomes with reduced hybridization at some regions or with some weak clustering at other regions was found in allium cepa, beta vu ...19979037155
characterization of three anther-specific genes isolated from chinese cabbage.two cdna libraries were constructed from poly(a)+ rnas isolated from each of immature flowers (less than 2.0 mm long buds) and anthers (2.0-5.0 mm long buds) of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis). using dot-differential hybridization, three cdna clones, designated bif38, ban54, and ban237, have been isolated from the constructed cdna libraries and sequenced completely in both directions. northern blot analyses indicate that all three cdna clones are abundantly expressed in ...19979037172
promoter sequences of two homologous pectin esterase genes from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis) and pollen-specific expression of the gus gene driven by a promoter in tobacco plants.the promoter regions of two genomic clones, gban215-6 and gban215-12 from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis), were sequenced. the nucleotide sequences of their promoter regions were compared with that of the bp19 pollen-specific gene of brassca napus. high nucleotide sequence homologies were observed among these three genes in the region between 210 bp upstream and the putative transcription start site. a sequence motif tgtggtg, which is similar to that of the pb core motif ...19979085260
the presence of a sar1 gene family in brassica campestris that suppresses a yeast vesicular transport mutation sec12-1.two new members (bsar1a and bsar1b) of the sar1 gene family have been identified from a flower bud cdna library of brassica campestris and their functional characteristics were analyzed. the two clones differ from each other at 14 positions of the 193 amino acid residues deduced from their coding region. the amino acid sequences of bsar1a and bsar1b are most closely related to the sar1 family, genes that function early in the process of vesicle budding from the endoplasmic reticulum (er). the se ...19979154984
evaluation of 515 expressed sequence tags obtained from guard cells of brassica campestris.as an attempt to examine the transcripts expressed in a single cell type and to unveil the physiology of guard cells at the molecular level, we generated 515 expressed sequence tags (ests) from a directional cdna library constructed from guard-cell protoplasts of brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis. a comparative analysis of the guard-cell ests against the national center for biotechnological information non-redundant protein database revealed that 133 ests (26%) have significant similarity t ...19979177047
a novel proline-rich glycoprotein associated with the extracellular matrix of vascular bundles of brassica petioles.a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mac204, mac236, mac265) which recognise extracellular matrix glycoproteins implicated in plant-microbe interactions has been used to study glycoprotein antigens in petioles of turnip (brassica campestris l.). while mac204 recognised two glycoproteins (gp120 and gp45) with apparent m(r) 120,000 and 45,000 in petiole extracts made with 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (tris) buffer containing sodium dodecyl sulfate, mac236 recognised gp120 but not gp45, a ...19979177049
biological activity of purpurogallin.purpurogallin showed antibacterial activity toward gram-positive bacteria. strong activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus [minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) against methicillin of 1600 micrograms/ml] was found, with mic of 11.0 micrograms/ml. purpurogallin inhibited the growth of all tested plants and decreased the chlorophyll content in the cotyledons of brassica campestris subsp. rapa. it showed potent inhibitory activity against prolyl endopeptidase (the 50% inhibito ...19979178568
striking sequence similarity in inter- and intra-specific comparisons of class i slg alleles from brassica oleracea and brassica campestris: implications for the evolution and recognition mechanism.self-incompatibility in brassica is controlled by a single multi-allelic locus (s locus), which contains at least two highly polymorphic genes expressed in the stigma: an s glycoprotein gene (slg) and an s receptor kinase gene (srk). the putative ligand-binding domain of srk exhibits high homology to the secretory protein slg, and it is believed that slg and srk form an active receptor kinase complex with a self-pollen ligand, which leads to the rejection of self-pollen. here, we report 31 novel ...19979207151
fatty acid synthesis by isolated leucoplasts from developing brassica seeds: role of glycolytic intermediates as the source of carbon and energy.fatty acid synthesis from na [1-14c] acetate in leucoplasts isolated from developing seeds of brassica campestris was completely dependent on exogenous supply of atp. none of the intermediates of glycolysis or pentose phosphate pathway tested could replace atp in the reaction mixture. in absence of exogenously supplied atp, maximum activity was obtained with glu-6-p (68%) followed by fru-6-p (50%) and pep (44%), respectively. with other intermediates as energy sources, the activity ranged from 1 ...19969219433
induction of extracellular matrix glycoproteins in brassica petioles by wounding and in response to xanthomonas campestris.a panel of monoclonal antibodies that recognize plant extracellular matrix glycoproteins previously implicated in plant-microbe interactions was used to study the effects of pathogen inoculation and wounding on glycoproteins in petioles of brassica campestris. the panel of monoclonals comprised two sets: jim11, jim12, and jim20 recognize epitopes carried on hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (hrgps) (m. smallwood, a. beven, n. donovan, s. j. neitl, j. peart, k. roberts, and j. p. knox, plant j. 5 ...19979304856
enzymes of glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathways in cytosolic and leucoplastic fractions of developing seeds of brassica campestris.distribution of the enzymes of glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathways were studied in cytosolic and leucoplastic fractions of the developing seeds of brassica. leucoplasts were isolated using a discontinuous percoll gradient. intactness of leucoplasts was checked by adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase assay in presence and absence of triton x-100. no contamination by microbodies, mitochondria and cytosol was observed as assessed by measuring the activities of marker enzymes. the recovery, latency a ...19979425748
molecular cloning and characterization of the gene encoding glutathione reductase in brassica campestris.we have isolated the brassica campestris cdna encoding glutathione reductase of 502 amino acid residues with molecular mass of 54.5 kda. the deduced amino acid sequences were 92.2%, and 79.5% identical to those of arabidopsis thaliana, and pea, respectively. as expected, it exhibited a high degree of conservation within the region responsible for the redox reaction and for the binding of gssg or nadph. the gene was highly inducible by ozone fumigation or by paraquat treatment.19989512665
comparative mapping of the brassica s locus region and its homeolog in arabidopsis. implications for the evolution of mating systems in the brassicaceae.the crucifer family includes self-incompatible genera, such as brassica, and self-fertile genera, such as arabidopsis. to gain insight into mechanisms underlying the evolution of mating systems in this family, we used a selective comparative mapping approach between brassica campestris plants homozygous for the s8 haplotype and arabidopsis. starting with markers flanking the self-incompatibility genes in brassica, we identified the homeologous region in arabidopsis as a previously uncharacterize ...19989596638
a metalloprotease from xanthomonas campestris that specifically degrades proline/hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins of the plant extracellular matrix.culture supernatants of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris contain an enzymic activity capable of degrading gp120, a proline-rich glycoprotein associated with the extracellular matrix of the vascular bundles in petioles of turnip (brassica campestris). this activity did not reside in any of the three previously characterized proteases of x. campestris pv. campestris that were identified by their action against the model substrate beta-casein. the novel enzyme was purified by ion-exchange and ...19989805395
constituents of the tapetosomes and elaioplasts in brassica campestris tapetum and their degradation and retention during microsporogenesis.in brassica anthers during microsporogenesis, the tapetum cells contain two abundant lipid-rich organelles, the tapetosomes possessing oleosins and triacylglycerols (tags), and the elaioplasts having unique polypeptides and neutral esters. b. campestris, for its simplicity of possessing only the aa genome and one predominant oleosin of 45 kda, was studied. in the developing anthers, the lipids and proteins of the tapetosomes and elaioplasts were concomitantly accumulated but selectively degraded ...199810036772
purification and characterizaton of plastidic pyruvate kinase from developing seeds of brassica campestris l.plastidic pyruvate kinase (atp: pyruvate phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.40) was purified to near homogeneity as judged by native page with about 4% recovery from developing seeds of brassica campestris using (nh4)2so4 fractionation, deae-cellulose chromatography, gel filtration through sepharose-cl-6b and affinity chromatography through reactive blue sepharose-cl-6b. the purified enzyme having molecular mass of about 266 kda was quite stable and showed a broad ph optimum between ph 6.8-7.8. typica ...199810412228
genomic organization of the s locus: identification and characterization of genes in slg/srk region of s(9) haplotype of brassica campestris (syn. rapa).in brassica, two self-incompatibility genes, encoding slg (s locus glycoprotein) and srk (s-receptor kinase), are located at the s locus and expressed in the stigma. recent molecular analysis has revealed that the s locus is highly polymorphic and contains several genes, i.e., slg, srk, the as-yet-unidentified pollen s gene(s), and other linked genes. in the present study, we searched for expressed sequences in a 76-kb slg/srk region of the s(9) haplotype of brassica campestris (syn. rapa) and i ...199910471721
traditional processing treatments as a promising approach to enhance the functional properties of rapeseed (brassica campestris var. toria) and sesame seed (sesamum indicum) meals.different processing treatments were applied to rapeseed and sesame seed meals, and the functional properties of these products were assessed. all treatments except puffing for both meals and pressure cooking in sesame meal increased water absorption capacity (wac). fat absorption capacity (fac) of rapeseed meals was enhanced significantly by all treatments. the full-fat meals of both sources showed maximum protein solubility when fermented and minimum protein solubility when pressure-cooked. ge ...199910552614
inhibitory activities of 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid analogs on phytogrowth and enzymes.five 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid-related compounds (1, 2 and 5-7) showed germination inhibition against the seed of brassica campestris l. subsp. rapa hook fil et anders at a concentration of 5.0 x 10(-4) m. these compounds also demonstrated inhibitory activity on the growth of the root of this plant at a concentration of 3.0 x 10(-4) m; among these compounds, 2-pyridylacetic acid (5) showed the strongest inhibitory activity, and the effect was slightly stronger than that of sodium 2,4-dichlorophe ...199910598034
biological effects of rare earth protein complexes: influence of lanthanide ions eu3+, tb3+ on secondary structure of calmodulins.the secondary structure of four kinds of calmodulins (cams; i.e., brassica campestris pollen cam, bovine brain cam, earthworm calcium binding protein, and earthworm new calcium binding protein) in thin films are determined by the ftir resolution enhanced technique and curve fitting. the variation in the secondary structure of cam upon its binding with ca2+, eu3+, and tb3+, the assay of phosphodiesterase enzyme, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis are also investigated. ...199910604289
cloning and sequencing of an apparently recombinant promoter for napin gene from brassica campestris genomic library and its evolutionary significance.from a genomic library of brassica campestris (brown sarson cv. b54), we have cloned and sequenced about 2 kb of upstream regulatory region from one of the 2s albumin-coding gene family. the sequence has several seed-specific promoter motifs. a sequence alignment of the 5' flanking regions of the available brassica 2s storage protein genes showed that our sequence is a double crossover recombinant product of the two members of the napin gene family. a possible explanation of this fact is that br ...199910650722
the pollen determinant of self-incompatibility in brassica campestris.many flowering plants possess self-incompatibility (si) systems that prevent inbreeding. in brassica, si is controlled by a single polymorphic locus, the s locus. two highly polymorphic s locus genes, slg (s locus glycoprotein) and srk (s receptor kinase), have been identified, both of which are expressed predominantly in the stigmatic papillar cell. we have shown recently that srk is the determinant of the s haplotype specificity of the stigma. srk is thought to serve as a receptor for a pollen ...200010677556
isolation and characterization of pollen coat proteins of brassica campestris that interact with s locus-related glycoprotein 1 involved in pollen-stigma adhesion.adhesion of pollen grains to the stigmatic surface is a critical step during sexual reproduction in plants. in brassica, s locus-related glycoprotein 1 (slr1), a stigma-specific protein belonging to the s gene family of proteins, has been shown to be involved in this step. however, the identity of the interacting counterpart in pollen and the molecular mechanism of this interaction have not been determined. using an optical biosensor immobilized with s gene family proteins, we detected strong sl ...200010716697
ntr1 encodes a floral nectary-specific gene in brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis.we have characterized a gene specifically expressed in the floral nectaries of brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis. differential screening led to the isolation of a floral nectary-specific cdna clone. northern hybridization indicated that its mrna transcript is 1450 nucleotides long and specific to the flower base. in situ hybridization and immunolocalization showed that its mrna and protein are localized specifically to both the lateral and median nectaries of flowers. the cdna codes for a 4 ...200010809010
highly divergent sequences of the pollen self-incompatibility (s) gene in class-i s haplotypes of brassica campestris (syn. rapa) l.self-incompatibility (si) enables flowering plants to discriminate between self- and non-self-pollen. in brassica, si is controlled by the highly polymorphic s locus. the recently identified male determinant, termed sp11 or scr, is thought to be the ligand of s receptor kinase, the female determinant. to examine functional and evolutionary properties of sp11, we cloned 14 alleles from class-i s haplotypes of brassica campestris and carried out sequence analyses. the sequences of mature sp11 prot ...200010812061
phytogrowth-inhibitory activities of beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin, hinokitiol-related compounds and constituents of thujopsis dolabrata sieb. et zucc. var hondai makino.beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from thujopsis dolabrata sieb. et zucc. var hondai makino, like hinokitiol, showed strong phytogrowth-inhibitory activities, and their growth-inhibitory activities were as high as that of sodium 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate used as a positive control. in particular, the phytogrowth-inhibitory activity of gamma-thujaplicin was strong and it completely inhibited the germination of this seed of brassica campestris l. subsp. rapa hook f. et anders at the co ...200010823681
persistence and safety evaluation of alphamethrin on mustard (brassica campestris linn.). 200010885997
fungicides cytotoxicity expressed in male gametophyte development in brassica campestris after in vitro application of converted field doses.a simple method to determine the toxicity of fungicides on male gametophyte in brassica campestris subsp. oleiferae is described. the calculation of fungicide concentration used in the test is derived from doses used in field application. the expression of regression curves and calculation of regression equations require the logarithmic transformation of fungicide concentration. the range of the sensitivity of the method is very wide. the minimal concentration detected as significantly different ...200010927128
purification and characterization of cytosolic pyruvate kinase from developing seeds of brassica campestris l.cytosolic pyruvate kinase (atp: pyruvate phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.40; pkc) was purified to apparent homogeneity with about 22% recovery from developing seeds of brassica campestris using (nh4)2so4 fractionation, deae-cellulose chromatography, gel filtration through sepharose-cl-6b and affinity chromatography through reactive blue sepharose-cl-6b. the purified enzyme with molecular mass of about 214 kda was a heterotetramer with subunit molecular mass of 55 and 57 kda. the enzyme showed maxim ...200010983413
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