Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| an epornitic of duck plague on a wisconsin game farm. | in april, 1973, an acute disease with a high rate of mortality appeared in a flock of 233 ducks and geese at a private game farm. most of the flock (220) were black ducks (anas rubripes) and mortality was restricted to them. in may, the remaining live birds were placed in isolation but mortality continued in black ducks and occurred in other species. the overall rate of mortality for black ducks was 93% and the case fatality rate was 97%. no hemorrhaging from either the bill or vent was observed ... | 1976 | 176478 |
| ultrastructural characterization and hepatic pathogenesis of duck plague virus. | six-week-old white pekin ducks were inoculated intravenously with duck plague virus (dpv) isolated from wild waterfowl. the virus replicated in hepatic macrophages, hepatocytes, and bile duct epithelium. in ultrathin sections, herpes-like nucleocapsids and virions were found respectively in the nucleus and cytoplasm of infected cells. typical herpesviral capsids and virions were seen in negatively-stained preparations of duck embryo fibroblasts. antibodies against holland-attenuated strain of dp ... | 1976 | 176971 |
| pathogenesis of duck plague in the bursa of fabricius, thymus, and spleen. | white pekin ducks were inoculated orally with duck plague virus and killed at 24-hour intervals after inoculation. spleen, thymus, and bursa of fabricius were collected and examined by light, fluorescent, and electron microscopy. necrosis of lymphocytes occurred in the bursa of fabricius, thymus, splenic periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (t lymphocytes), and splenic germinal centers (b lymphocytes). viral nucleocapsids were present in the karyoplasm of lymphocytes, but these cells necrotized before ... | 1976 | 178252 |
| pathogenesis of digestive tract lesions in duck plague. | white pekin ducklings were inoculated orally with duck plague virus. tissues from the digestive tract were collected daily after inoculation and examined by light, electron and fluorescent microscopy. there were necrosis and degeneration of stratified squamous epithelium of the esophagus and cloaca, epithelium of intestinal crypt and esophageal submucosal glands, macrophages in the lamina propria, and submucosal fibrocytes and lymphocytes. submucosal hemorrhages occurred after degeneration and n ... | 1975 | 180645 |
| duck plague virus replication in muscovy duck fibroblast cells. | duck embryo fibroblast cell cultures from seven species of ducks were compared for virus yield, plaque quality, and sensitivity to infection by the duck plague herpesvirus (duck virus enteritis). muscovy duck and wood duck cells gave the best results for virus yield and plaque quality, but muscovies were considered superior because they are more available than wood ducks. pintails and lesser scaup gave the poorest results, and pekin duck, black duck, and redhead duck were intermediate. a growth ... | 1976 | 986808 |
| pathological and immunological study of goose embryos experimentally infected with duck plague virus. | a total of 240 embryonated goose eggs obtained from two susceptible flocks were used. half of the eggs were inoculated into the allantoic cavity with a virulent strain (7593) of duck plague virus isolated from an acute outbreak, and the other half were inoculated with the attenuated vaccine virus (kapevac). ten, 100 or 1000 cpu/0.1 ml virus were given on days 12 and 20 of incubation. embryos that died and surviving embryos killed at 5-day intervals were examined by light and electron microscopy. ... | 1990 | 1966126 |
| mortality from duck plague virus in immunosuppressed adult mallard ducks. | environmental contaminants contain chemicals that, if ingested, could affect the immunological status of wild birds, and in particular, their resistance to infectious disease. immunosuppression caused by environmental contaminants, could have a major impact on waterfowl populations, resulting in increased susceptibility to contagious disease agents. duck plague virus has caused repeated outbreaks in waterfowl resulting in mortality. in this study, several doses of cyclophosphamide (cy), a known ... | 1990 | 2167392 |
| [isolation from ducks of a hypervirulent strain of duck plague virus and an avian type 6 paramyxovirus]. | this paper describes the isolation and identification of a duck plague virus (dp) and a paramyxovirus (pmv6), from the livers and intestines collected in 4-month old mule ducks, under fattening, exhibiting 75% mortality and necrotic-haemorrhagic gross lesions. these viruses were isolated in specific pathogen free (spf) muscovy duck eggs and spf chicken eggs respectively. then the dp virus was adapted to duck and chicken fibroblasts. the disease was reproduced in 2-week old spf muscovy ducklings, ... | 1987 | 2827947 |
| post-epizootic surveys of waterfowl for duck plague (duck virus enteritis). | surviving birds from nine duck plague outbreaks in urban and confined waterfowl were sampled for duck plague (dp) virus and dp antibody during 1979-86. duck plague virus was found in combined oral and cloacal swabs of birds from three outbreaks, and dp-neutralizing antibody was demonstrated in some birds from all nine outbreaks. greater prevalence of dp antibody and higher titers were found in survivors from confined populations than from free-flying urban populations. free-flying waterfowl from ... | 1988 | 2849402 |
| antibody-mediated resistance against duck enteritis virus infection. | vaccination of ducks with an apathogenic strain of duck enteritis virus resulted in protection against challenge with the virulent lake andes strain of duck enteritis virus by intramuscular inoculation or contact exposure. antisera produced in the vaccinated ducks were able to transfer resistance against the challenge strain to recipient ducks. antisera against duck enteritis virus were cytotoxic for duck enteritis virus-infected duck embryo fibroblasts in the presence of guinea pig complement. ... | 1986 | 3017530 |
| first simultaneous isolation of influenza a virus and duck enteritis virus from commercial ducks in france. | 1986 | 3020766 | |
| infection of duck plague carriers with pasteurella multocida and p. anatipestifer. | mallards (anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos) and white pekin ducks (anas platyrhynchos domesticus) were infected with duck plague virus and challenged with ld20's of pasteurella multocida and p. anatipestifer. there was no difference between mortality rates of duck plague-infected ducks and controls, suggesting that these organisms do not act synergistically under the conditions of our experiments. there was a difference of about 500-fold between the ld20 of p. multocida for mallards and that for ... | 1987 | 3034230 |
| the susceptibility and response of wild waterfowl to duck plague virus. | 1969 | 4357476 | |
| duck plague virus distribution in embryonating chicken and duck eggs. | 1969 | 4975580 | |
| the incidence of neutralizing antibodies to duck plague virus in serums from domestic ducks and wild waterfowl in the united states of america. | 1967 | 4979461 | |
| response to pekin and mallard ducks and canada geese to experimental infection with duck plague virus. | 1969 | 4980231 | |
| attenuation of duck plague virus and its propagation in cell culture. | 1969 | 4981663 | |
| serologic and immunologic response of ducks to inactivated and attenuated duck plague virus. | 1969 | 5391212 | |
| serologic and immunologic response of wild waterfowl vaccinated with attenuated duck plague virus. | 1969 | 5816104 | |
| isolation of an apathogenic immunogenic strain of duck enteritis virus from waterfowl in california. | a herpesvirus isolated from waterfowl dying of duck enteritis (de) was tentatively designated the sheridan-83. it was serologically related to the original holland and lake andes (la) strains of duck enteritis viruses (dev). other biological characteristics indicated that the sheridan-83 was more closely related to the holland strain than to the la virus. the sheridan-83 was nonpathogenic to ducks, and ducks inoculated with this virus developed resistance to challenge with the virulent strain la ... | 1984 | 6091604 |
| active and passive immunization of ducks against duck viral enteritis. | the newly isolated sheridan-83 strain of duck enteritis virus (dev) was apathogenic to ducks. inoculation of ducks with this virus resulted in the production of antibodies that enabled the ducks to resist challenge with the virulent la strain of dev. the minimum protective dose of the sheridan-83 virus was determined to be less than 10 tcid50. solid immunity lasted 1-2 months. passive transfer of antibodies to susceptible ducks also significantly protected them from lethal challenge. | 1984 | 6098257 |
| a survey of north american migratory waterfowl for duck plague (duck virus enteritis) virus. | a survey of migratory waterfowl for duck plague (dp) virus was conducted in the mississippi and central flyways during 1982 and in the atlantic and pacific flyways during 1983. cloacal and pharyngeal swabs were collected from 3,169 migratory waterfowl in these four flyways, principally mallards (anas platyrhynchos l.), black ducks (anas rubripes brewster), and pintails (anas acuta l.). in addition 1,033 birds were sampled from areas of recurrent dp outbreaks among nonmigratory and captive waterf ... | 1984 | 6099427 |
| electron microscopic autoradiographic studies on effects of duck plague virus (dpv) multiplication on nucleoli and their rna transcription. | the nucleolar structures could be observed in primary chicken embryo cells at 12, 24, 36, 40 and 60 hr after infection with dpv. by means of electron microscopic autoradiography and bernhard staining method, it could not only demonstrate the existence of nucleoli in infected cells morphologically and functionally, but also further indicate that the incorporation of 3h-uridine still progressed very rapidly while the viral dna was intensely replicating, the majority of nucleocapsids were assembled ... | 1983 | 6191389 |
| antigenic relatedness of pigeon herpes encephalomyelitis virus to other avian herpesviruses. | pigeon herpes encephalomyelitis virus (phev) was compared with seven avian herpesviruses for antigenic relatedness using monospecific antisera and the indirect fluorescent-antibody (ifa), agar-gel-immunodiffusion, and serum-neutralization tests. no antigenic relationship was detected between phev and marek's disease virus, turkey herpesvirus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, and duck enteritis virus. a common precipitating antigen was detected between the phev and pigeon herpesvirus (phv), ow ... | 1983 | 6196014 |
| detection of duck plague virus by reverse passive hemagglutination test. | a reverse passive hemagglutination (rpha) test was developed to detect duck plague virus (dpv). the technique used sheep erythrocytes stabilized with formaldehyde and pyruvaldehyde and coated with immunoglobulin g (igg) containing anti-dpv antibody prepared from antiserum produced in sheep. optimum coating of stabilized erythrocytes occurred at 25 c and ph 4.0 with a concentration of igg of 20-40 micrograms/ml and a 90-min incubation period. the coated cells were stable for 40 days when stored a ... | 1984 | 6207808 |
| vertical transmission of duck plague virus (dpv) by apparently healthy dpv carrier waterfowl. | duck plague virus (dpv) was transmitted vertically in muscovy, pekin, and mallard ducks that were persistently infected with the la-sd-73, msn-wi-77, or co-wi-73 isolates of dpv. the effects of vertical transmission on the fertility and hatchability of eggs laid by dpv carrier ducks varied with the dpv isolate and duck species. fertility was reduced significantly only in eggs laid by msn-wi-77 virus carrier pekin and muscovy ducks. the hatchability of eggs laid by dpv carrier mallards and muscov ... | 1981 | 6279069 |
| superinfection in ducks persistently infected with duck plague virus. | superinfections with homologous or heterologous strains of duck plague virus resulted in the deaths of birds persistently infected with duck plague virus. not all birds that were superinfected died. protection against mortality depended on the route of exposure, strain of the initial duck plague virus, and strain of the superinfecting virus. | 1982 | 6284113 |
| survival of duck plague virus in water from lake andes national wildlife refuge, south dakota. | an isolant of duck plague herpesvirus from the lake andes refuge outbreak was seeded in raw and filter-decontaminated water from two locations on the refuge, held at 4 c, and assayed for infectivity intermittently over a period of 2 mo. from an initial level of about 10(5) pfu per ml, infectivity in the filtered samples uniformly dropped to about 10(4) pfu per ml. infectivity in the raw samples declined much more rapidly; infectious virus remaining at the end of 2 mo (ca. 10(1) pfu per ml) was o ... | 1982 | 6296472 |
| the epidemiology of avian herpesviruses in veterinary medicine. | there are ten avian herpesviruses, which have been isolated from eight orders. six of these are of veterinary importance: pacheco's parrot disease virus, pigeon herpesvirus, duck plague virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, herpesvirus of turkeys and marek's disease virus. the knowledge on the epidemiology of each virus and the disease it causes is discussed. features in common to infections with most avian herpesviruses are: infection is persistent in individuals and ubiquitous in populati ... | 1982 | 6299838 |
| the influence of seven environmental and physiological factors on duck plague virus shedding by carrier mallards. | duck plague (dp) carrier mallards (anas platyrhynchos) were subjected to seven environmental and physiological conditions in an attempt to stimulate dp virus shedding. the conditions were: food quality, social interaction, reproductive state, time dependency of food and water, noise, exercise, and sex of bird. cloacal and oral swabs were taken daily for 10 days and assayed for dp virus content. the stimulated carrier ducks shed dp virus intermittently in amounts up to 10(8) ffus/swab/day (the hi ... | 1983 | 6310168 |
| antibody- and complement-mediated cytolysis against duck-enteritis-virus-infected cells. | in the presence of complement, antibodies to the la and sheridan-83 strains of duck enteritis virus (dev) were able to lyse dev-infected duck embryo fibroblasts in 51cr-release cytotoxicity assays. the role of humoral antibody in protection against dev infection is discussed. | 1984 | 6525133 |
| electron microscopic autoradiographic studies on dynamics and location of dna synthesis of duck plague virus. | electron microscopic autoradiographic studies on the dynamics and location of dna synthesis by means of incorporation of 8h-thymidine during the replication of duck plague virus (dpv) revealed that the duration of dna synthesis of dpv was rather long. the replication of viral dna occurred simultaneously with the assembly procedure of nucleocapsids, the maturation and release of viruses. dna synthesis of dpv occurred in the matrix with lower electron density in the nucleus. the replicated viral d ... | 1982 | 7146870 |
| cytoplasmic origin of an intranuclear dna virus (duck plague virus). | electron microscopic and autoradiographic studies have revealed that the assembly and maturation of duck plague virus (dpv, an intranuclear dna virus) occur both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. a dense cytoplasmic matrix (tentatively called viroplast) is the basic organelle in which the assembly of nucleocapsids occurs. at the early stage of virion maturation, dense particles, approximately 40 nm in size, appear and become assembled nucleocapsid structures later on. as capsids become mature ... | 1982 | 7201675 |
| improvement in plaquing methods for the enumeration of anatid herpesvirus (duck plague virus). | the holland strain of anatid herpesvirus (ahv) was 2-to 10-fold more efficiently plaqued under liquid medium or semisolid medium containing methylcellulose than in media containing agar, agarose, or nobel agar. virus adsorption was complete in 45 min, with the maximum virus titers obtained under liquid medium at 48 h postinfection. the ahv dose-response curve was linear. pekin duck embryo cultures were more efficient than ccl-141 in plaque response and gave the maximum virus yield per cell. viru ... | 1980 | 7251330 |
| increased cell culture incubation temperatures for duck plague virus isolation. | 1981 | 7271660 | |
| serological survey of infections in waterfowl in the guadalquivir marshes (spain). | a serological survey was performed in the guadalquivir marshes (southern spain) in order to determine the presence and diffusion of six infective agents in wild waterfowl. the analysis covered 712 waterfowl from 13 species belonging to five taxa (podicipediformes, ciconiiformes, anseriformes, gruiformes, and charadriiformes). a range of immunological techniques led to detection of antibodies against the six infective agents studied: chlamydia psittaci (13.3%), mycoplasma anatis (3.5%), pasteurel ... | 1994 | 7980291 |
| molecular characterization of the dna of anatid herpesvirus 1. | a plaque-purified isolate of the holland strain of anatid herpesvirus (ahv-ppc3) was purified by differential and buoyant density sedimentation. the virus buoyant density was 1.215 g/cm3 in sucrose. ahv-ppc3 dna was analyzed by sedimentation velocity studies in neutral or alkaline sucrose gradients. based upon a comparison with t4 dna, the dna of ahv-ppc3 was found to have a sedimentation coefficient of 59.7 s and a molecular mass of 1.19 x 10(8) daltons. between 15 and 22 bands were observed in ... | 1993 | 8294188 |
| virulence of six strains of duck plague virus in eight waterfowl species. | susceptibility of new world waterfowl to the lake andes strain of duck plague virus (dpv) was assessed by intramuscular inoculation of adult muscovies (cairina moschata), mallards (anas platyrhynchos), canada geese (branta canadensis), wood ducks (aix sponsa), redheads (aythya americana), gadwalls (anas strepera), blue-winged teal (anas discors), and pintails (anas acuta). the relative virulence of dpv strains isolated from five united states and one canadian location was established in muscovie ... | 1996 | 8827671 |
| inactivated vaccine for protection against duck virus enteritis. | immunogenicity of inactivated tissue-culture-derived duck enteritis virus (dev) vaccines was evaluated in white pekin and mallard ducks. dev from a lake andes outbreak was propagated in chicken embryo fibroblast cells, inactivated with beta-propiolactone, and emulsified with freund's adjuvant (fa), multiple-oil emulsion (moe), or squalane-pluronic l121 (l121). white pekin and mallard ducklings were vaccinated at 2 or 3 wk of age, respectively. challenge at 2 wk postvaccination with a virulent de ... | 1997 | 9201416 |
| perspectives on the diagnosis, epizootiology, and control of the 1973 duck plague epizootic in wild waterfowl at lake andes, south dakota. | an epizootic of duck plague occurred in early 1973 in a population of 163,500 wild waterfowl, primarily mallards (anas platyrhynchos), wintering on lake andes and the nearby missouri river in southeastern south dakota (usa). the diagnosis was based on pathologic lesions and confirmed by virus isolation. control measures included quarantine, attempts to reduce virus contamination of the area, dispersal of waterfowl, and monitoring of wild waterfowl populations for mortality. the epizootic resulte ... | 1997 | 9391953 |
| a monoclonal antibody to inclusion body disease of cranes virus enabling specific immunohistochemistry and competitive elisa. | inclusion body disease of cranes (ibdc) herpesvirus kills some infected cranes and persists in convalescent animals. to enable further study and rapid identification of carrier animals, we developed a monoclonal antibody (mab) to ibdc virus and used it in immunohistochemistry and a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). we used conventional techniques to make murine mabs directed against ibdc virus purified from infected duck embryo cells. hybridomas reacting in an elisa with ibd ... | 1997 | 9454913 |
| detection of duck enteritis virus by polymerase chain reaction. | duck enteritis virus (dev), a herpesvirus, is the causative agent of duck viral enteritis in free-flying, feral, and domesticated members of the anatidae family. hindiii-digested dev dna was cloned into the plasmid pbluescript, and a 1.95-kb fragment was sequenced. this fragment codes for the 3' region of the dev homologues of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame (orf) ul6 and the 5' region of vzv ul7. alignment of the putative peptide fragments for dev ul6 and ul7 showed a 64% and 37 ... | 1998 | 9777156 |
| identification of duck plague virus by polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed for detecting duck plague virus. a 765-bp ecori fragment cloned from the genome of the duck plague vaccine (dp-vac) virus was sequenced for pcr primer development. the fragment sequence was found by genbank alignment searches to be similar to the 3' ends of an undefined open reading frame and the gene for dna polymerase protein in other herpesviruses. three of four primers sets were found to be specific for the dp-vac virus and 100% (7/7) of ... | 1999 | 10216766 |
| diagnosis of duck plague in waterfowl by polymerase chain reaction. | a recently developed polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was used for diagnosis of duck plague in waterfowl tissues from past and current cases of waterfowl mortality and to identify duck plague virus in combined cloacal/oral-pharyngeal swab samples from healthy mallards (anas platyrhynchos) after a disease outbreak. the pcr was able to detect viral dna from all the individual or pooled tissues assayed from 10 waterfowl, including liver and spleen samples from three muscovy ducks (cairina mosc ... | 2000 | 10879905 |
| pathogenicity of a low-virulence duck virus enteritis isolate with apparent immunosuppressive ability. | duck enteritis virus (dev) was isolated from commercial 2-to-6-wk-old white pekin ducks experiencing 25%-30% mortality and high morbidity. secondary infections with pasteurella multocida, riemerella anatipestifer, and escherichia coli were frequently seen in affected ducks. the isolated virus was identical to the prototype dev by virus neutralization test but differed from the classic dev by causing lymphoid organ atrophy and inconsistent hemorrhagic lesions in the intestinal annular bands. atte ... | 2000 | 11007006 |
| eosinophilia in duck embryos induced by an apathogenic strain of duck enteritis virus. | an apathogenic strain of duck enteritis virus was injected into the allantoic cavity of duck embryos at 17 or 18 days of incubation. four to 6 days later, the embryos showed massive infiltration of eosinophilic granulocytes in the spleen. peroxidase and immunohistochemical labelling showed that the granulocytes were peroxidase-positive and contained major basic protein, and were most likely eosinophils. ultraistructural examination of the eosinophils demonstrated granules of various sizes and sh ... | 2001 | 11437508 |
| latency sites and reactivation of duck enteritis virus. | duck virus enteritis (dve) is a contagious disease caused by herpesvirus in waterfowl populations. recovered birds become carriers and shed the virus periodically. reactivation of latent duck enteritis virus (dev) has been implicated in outbreaks of dve in domestic and migrating waterfowl populations. in this study, the sites for virus latency were determined in white pekin ducks infected with the dev-97 strain. at 3 wk postinfection, infectious virus was not detectable in tissues or cloacal swa ... | 2002 | 12061639 |
| electron microscopic studies of the morphogenesis of duck enteritis virus. | the morphogenesis of duck enteritis virus (dev) and distribution in vivo were observed by electron microscopy after ducks were infected experimentally with dev virulent strain. the investigation showed that a few typical herpesvirus virions and nucleocapsids were first observed in the spleen, thymus, and bursa of fabricius (bf), and many nucleocapsids, mature viruses, and viral inclusion bodies could be found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of infected liver, small intestine, spleen, thymus, and bf ... | 2005 | 15839412 |
| a plaque assay for duck plague virus. | a plaque assay for duck plague virus was developed for a chicken embryo-adapted virus and a duck lethal virus and used to determine the identity of these viruses. using the plaque inhibition neutralization test, duck plague virus was differentiated from newcastle disease, fowl plague, and duck hepatitis viruses. the plaque morphology is described. | 1968 | 15846902 |
| development of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for duck enteritis virus dna. | duck enteritis virus (dev) is a herpesvirus that causes an acute, contagious, and fatal disease. in the present article, we introduce a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for dev dna using taqman technology and a two-step protocol. it was confirmed to be rapid, sensitive, and specific for dev detection. the primers and probe were designed and directed to the dna polymerase gene of dev. the method will provide a valuable tool for rapid laboratory diagnosis of dev infecti ... | 2005 | 16252495 |
| duck plague in gnotobiotic ducks. | four-week-old gnotobiotic and conventional ducks were inoculated orally with duck plague virus. both groups of ducks died on the third and fourth day after inoculation. gross and microscopic lesions of duck plague were similar in gnotobiotic and conventional ducks, indicating the synergistic action of species of salmonella and pasteurella was not essential for development of lesions. | 1976 | 16502693 |
| characterization of the genes encoding ul24, tk and gh proteins from duck enteritis virus (dev): a proof for the classification of dev. | duck enteritis virus (dev) is classified to the family herpesviridae, but has not been grouped into any genus so far. four overlapped fragments were amplified from the dev genome with polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the assembled length of the four fragments was 6,202 bp, which contained the genes encoding unique long (ul) 24, thymidine kinase (tk) and glycoprotein h (gh) proteins. the ul24 overlapped with tk by 64 nucleotides (nt), in a head-to-head transcription orientation, and the tk and gh ... | 2006 | 16972038 |
| [establishing a real-time pcr assay for anatid herpesvirus 1]. | to develop a real-time quantitative pcr assay to detect duck plague virus (dpv) for the rapid diagnosis of dpv infection, the investigation of its nosogenesis and the screening of effective antiviral drugs. | 2006 | 17037757 |
| outbreak of duck plague (duck herpesvirus enteritis) in numerous species of captive ducks and geese in temporal conjunction with enforced biosecurity (in-house keeping) due to the threat of avian influenza a virus of the subtype asia h5n1. | the continuing westward spread of avian influenza a virus of the subtype h5n1 in free-living and domestic birds forced the european union and the german federal government to enhance all biosecurity measures including in-house keeping of all captive birds from october 20 to december 15, 2005. movement of captive ducks and geese of many different species from a free-range system to tight enclosures and maintenance for prolonged times in such overcrowded sheds resulted in pronounced disturbance of ... | 2007 | 17252929 |
| preliminary study on duck enteritis virus-induced lymphocyte apoptosis in vivo. | we studied apoptosis induced by duck enteritis virus (dev) in vivo, focusing on the lymphoid organs that constitute the main targets for infection: thymus, bursa of fabricius (bf), and spleen. fifty pekin ducks were inoculated subcutaneously with a virulent strain of dev. the morphology of lymphoid organs of these infected ducks was observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. cell death by classical necrosis was observed in lymphocytes of the dev-infected thymus, bf, and s ... | 2007 | 17626481 |
| molecular characterization of the herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) homologues, ul25 to ul30, in duck enteritis virus (dev). | a 16.6-kilo-base pair (kb) sequence was amplified from the duck enteritis virus (dev) clone-03 strain genome using 'targeted gene walking polymerase chain reaction (pcr)'. seven complete open reading frames (orfs) were predicted, and designated herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) homologues, unique long (ul) 25, ul26, ul26.5, ul27, ul28, ul29, and ul30. sequence analysis revealed that the arrangement of seven genes in dev clone-03 strain was collinear to that from hsv-1. in addition, mrna transcripti ... | 2007 | 17706377 |
| [replication of duck plague virus in artificially infected ducks detected by in situ hybridization]. | replication of duck plague virus(dpv) in artificially infected ducks were detected by in situ hybridization (ish) which employed a 37bp oligonucleotide as probe designed according to dpv dna sequence in genbank. the results indicated that dpv dna was detected in liver, intestine and bursa fabricius at 4 h, in spleen and esophagus at 6h, in thymus at 12h post infection; dpv dna in lung and kidney was detected only in dead ducks and no positive signal was detected in muscle, heart, cerebrum and pa ... | 2008 | 18320827 |
| [prokaryotic expression of n-terminal antigenic domain of duck plague virus gb protein and the establishment of putative indirect elisa assay]. | based on the antigenic analysis of duck plague virus (dpv) gb protein, we designed a pair of primers to amplify the gene fragment encoding high antigenic domain of dpv n-terminal gb protein from the dpv genome. the cloned gene was digested with ecor i and hind iii and then inserted into pet32a vector to obtain the recombinant pet-gb1 plasmid. the recombinant plasmid was transformed into e. coli bl21, and expressed in very high level after induced with iptg. the expressed product was analyzed by ... | 2008 | 18338584 |
| the ul31 to ul35 gene sequences of duck enteritis virus correspond to their homologs in herpes simplex virus 1. | five orfs in the genome of duck enteritis virus (dev) corresponding to ul31, ul32, ul33, ul34, and ul35 genes of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) were amplified by a modified "targeted gene walking" pcr, cloned, and sequenced. ul33, ul34, and ul35 genes were oriented from the left to the right of genome, while ul31 and ul32 had an opposite orientation. a comparison of deduced amino acid sequences of the dev orfs with their alphaherpesvirus homologs showed well-conserved regions except for the ul34 ... | 2008 | 18459832 |
| comparison of the genomes of 15 avian herpes-virus isolates by restriction endonuclease analysis. | differentiation of herpesvirus isolates has been performed mostly on the basis of biological properties and serology. in this study, 15 herpesvirus isolates from different species of birds were compared by restriction endonuclease analysis of genomic dna. all herpesviruses were isolated in europe or are used as vaccine viruses there. the isolates could be differentiated into seven groups based on restriction patterns. the largest group contains isolates from passeriform and psittacine birds and ... | 1997 | 18483909 |
| replication kinetics of duck virus enteritis vaccine virus in ducklings immunized by the mucosal or systemic route using real-time quantitative pcr. | a chicken embryo-adapted duck enteritis virus (dev) strain is the most widely used vaccine against duck virus enteritis (dve) infection. the kinetics of attenuated dev vaccine was examined in tissues of ducklings vaccinated by the mucosal or systemic route at 20 days of age and sampled regularly up to 60 days post-vaccination (p.v.). significant numbers of virus genomes in the lymphoid and other parenchymatous organs were first detected at 60 min p.v., and subsequently rose to peak levels during ... | 2009 | 18565557 |
| the pathogenesis of duck virus enteritis in experimentally infected ducks: a quantitative time-course study using taqman polymerase chain reaction. | duck virus enteritis is an acute and contagious herpesvirus infection of duck, geese and swans with high morbidity and mortality. the kinetics of viral dna loads and immunohistochemical localization of virulent duck enteritis virus, as well as histopathological examination in various tissues of ducks following oral infection, were investigated. the time course for the appearance of viral antigen and tissue lesions in various tissues was coincident with the levels of duck enteritis virus at the v ... | 2008 | 18568657 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the duck enteritis virus ul5 gene. | duck enteritis virus (dev) is a herpesvirus that causes an acute, contagious, and fatal disease. in the present article, the dev ul5 gene was cloned and sequenced from a vaccine virus. according to the consensus sequence of herpesvirus ul5 and ul3 gene degenerate oligonucleotide primers were designed and were used in the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to amplify dna products with 4577 bp in size. dna sequence analysis revealed a 2568 bp open reading frame (orf) encoding a 855 amino acid polypep ... | 2008 | 18582977 |
| electron microscopic characterization of duck plague virus. | a virus [duck plague long island virulent virus (dplivv)] was isolated from ducks in a recent disease outbreak on farms on long island, new york. this disease exhibited characteristics similar to duck plague, a disease in ducks endemic to the netherlands and india and not previously reported in the united states. an attenuated strain of the duck plague virus from the netherlands was studied morphologically by electron microscopy. its infectivity for duck embryo cell cultures was also studied. th ... | 1968 | 18614116 |
| phylogeny of duck enteritis virus: evolutionary relationship in the family herpesviridae. | to understand the evolutionary relationship of duck enteritis virus (dev) in the family herpesviridae and the genome organization of dev. | 2008 | 18645259 |
| an immunocytochemical study on the sequential tissue distribution of duck plague virus. | primary replication and tissue distribution of duck plague (duck virus enteritis) virus in domestic ducks following oral infection were studied by an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (abc) method of immunoperoxidase staining. the virus replicated primarily in the mucosa of the digestive tract, especially in the oesophagus as early as 24 h after infection, then spread to the bursa of fabricius, thymus, spleen and liver. the epithelial cells and macrophages of these organs were the principal site ... | 1995 | 18645775 |
| identification and characterization of duck enteritis virus dutpase gene. | deoxyuridine triphosphatase (dutpase) is a ubiquitous and important enzyme that hydrolyzes dutp to dump. many viruses encode virus-specific dutpase, which plays an essential role in maintaining the integrity of the viral dna both by reducing the dutp levels and by providing the substrate for the thymidylate synthase. a 1344-bp gene of duck enteritis virus (dev) homologous to herpesviral dutpase was first reported in this paper. the gene encodes a protein of 477 amino acids, with a predicted mole ... | 2008 | 18646465 |
| quantitative analysis of virulent duck enteritis virus loads in experimentally infected ducklings. | to better understand the pathogenesis of duck virus enteritis (dve), the levels of viral dna in various tissues of ducklings during acute stage of virulent duck enteritis virus (dev) infection were investigated by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. the results show that the viral levels of dev in systemic organs have a close correlation with the progression of disease. the rapid dissemination and active replication of virulent dev in multiple systemic organs at the early pha ... | 2008 | 18646467 |
| detection of duck plague virus antigen in tissues by immunoperoxidase staining. | an avidin-biotin-peroxidase method of immunoperoxidase staining was successfully adapted for detection of duck plague virus antigen in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the liver and spleen of experimentally infected domestic ducks. positive staining was localized mostly in the nucleus but was also present in the cytoplasm of a few hepatocytes and von kupffer cells of the liver, and lymphocytes and reticular cells of the spleen. | 1993 | 18671026 |
| characterization of the gene encoding glycoprotein c of duck enteritis virus. | a total of 2,718 bp of dna fragment was amplified from the c-kce strain of duck enteritis virus (dev) genome using thermal asymmetric interlaced pcr. this newly identified viral dna fragment contained two non-overlapping open reading frames (orfs) oriented from the 5' to 3' direction. the first orf was comprised of 43.5% g + c and contained the full-length genomic sequence of the ul44 gene (1,296 bp) encoding 431 amino acid residues of dev glycoprotein c (gc). the second orf encoded a partial pe ... | 2008 | 18690531 |
| development and application of a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect chinese isolates of duck hepatitis virus type 1. | we developed a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method for the detection of duck hepatitis virus type 1 (dhv-1) in the tissues of infected and clinically affected ducks and in chick and duck embryos. we found the assay to be effective in detecting the virus in china, where it is being used in studies on the epidemiology of the disease. we applied this simple and rapid diagnostic method to the detection of dhv isolates grown in chick and duck embryos and in tissues obtaine ... | 2009 | 18706944 |
| absence of neutralising antibodies to duck plague virus in the commercial duck and goose populations in west germany (1980-1985). | commercial duck and goose serum samples were examined in a viral neutralisation test in chicken embryo fibroblast cultures for the presence of specific antibodies against duck plague virus. all 2256 serum samples tested, which originated from different locations in west germany from 1980 to spring 1985, showed neutralising titres of less than 1.0 (log2 ) and were considered to be negative. | 1986 | 18766504 |
| analysis of synonymous codon usage in the ul24 gene of duck enteritis virus. | the analysis on codon usage bias of ul24 gene of duck enteritis virus (dev) may improve our understanding of the evolution and pathogenesis of dev and provide a basis for understanding the relevant mechanism for biased usage of synonymous codons and for selecting appropriate expression systems to improve the expression of target genes. the codon usage bias of ul24 genes of dev and 27 reference herpesviruses were analyzed. the results showed that codon of ul24 gene of dev was strong bias toward t ... | 2009 | 18958612 |
| [studies on the propagation characteristics of duck plague virulent virus in duck embryo fibroblasts]. | the propagation characteristics of virulent duck plague virus (dpv) in duck embryo fibroblast (def) were studied by the method of light microscopy observation of def cell culture monolayer, electron microscopy observation of infected def cell culture, real-time pcr detecting virus propagation. the results demonstrated that on duck embryo fibroblast a number of plaques were formed by dpv 42 h postinfection. electron microscopy of the ultrathin section of infected duck embryo fibroblasts demonstra ... | 2008 | 19035323 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the duck plague virus ge gene. | 2009 | 19089586 | |
| rapid diagnosis of duck plagues virus infection by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | duck virus enteritis is a serious disease among farmed and free-living ducks (anatidae) and a constant threat to the commercial duck industry in china. in this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed to rapidly detect and diagnose duck plague virus (dpv) in both farmed and wild waterfowl, and compared with polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method and real-time pcr method in accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. a set of four specific primers was successfully des ... | 2009 | 19117583 |
| molecular analysis of us10, s3, and us2 in duck enteritis virus. | a 4554-bp fragment was amplified from the dev c-kce vaccine strain by single oligonucleotide nested polymerase chain reaction with partially known sequences for the dev us1 and us10 genes. three open reading frames containing the genes encoding us10, s3, and us2 were predicted using the editseq program (dnastar). the s3 and us2 genes have the same transcription orientation but are oriented head-to-head with respect to us10. the promoters and polyadenylation signals were predicted. two poly a seq ... | 2009 | 19130202 |
| purification of anatid herpesvirus 1 particles by tangential-flow ultrafiltration and sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. | anatid herpesvirus 1 (ahv-1) infection causes substantial economic losses to the world-wide waterfowl production. however, little is known about the efficient method used to study the purification of ahv-1 and the negative staining morphology of the purified virus particles. this lack of knowledge is one of the important factors that have affected the progress of research studies on ahv-1 molecular virology to such an extent that they are lagging far behind those on other members of the same fam ... | 2009 | 19152808 |
| molecular analysis of duck enteritis virus us3, us4, and us5 gene. | here, we first present unique short (us)3, us4, and us5 gene sequences, with analysis, of duck enteritis virus (dev) vaccine strain c-kce. the assembled sequence comprises 5,742 nucleotides, which are amplified from the dev genome by single oligonucleotide-nested polymerase chain reaction with primers designed according to our previous acquired sequence deposited in genbank (accession no. ef619046). the predicted gene arrangement is colinear with the alphaherpesvirus herpes simplex virus within ... | 2009 | 19153825 |
| target cells for duck enteritis virus in lymphoid organs. | duck enteritis virus (dev), a herpesvirus, has been shown to cause lymphoid organ atrophy and immunosuppression in white pekin ducklings. the cells that support virus replication and could be important for immunosuppression were identified in this study. lymphoid organs of white pekin ducks infected at 2 weeks of age were collected at 3, 6, 8 and 10 days post-inoculation (d.p.i.). frozen sections were double-stained for dev-infected (dev+) and epithelial cells, dev+ and cd3+ cells or dev+ and b ... | 2000 | 19184858 |
| innovation and discovery: the application of nucleic acid-based technology to avian virus detection and characterization. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based approaches to the detection, differentiation and characterization of avian pathogens continue to be developed and refined. the pcrs, or reverse transcriptase-pcrs, may be general, designed to detect all or most variants of a pathogen, or to be serotype, genotype or pathotype specific. progress is being made with respect to making nucleic acid approaches more suitable for use in diagnostic laboratories. robotic workstations are now available for extraction of ... | 2001 | 19184952 |
| expression and characterization of the ul31 protein from duck enteritis virus. | previous studies indicate that the ul31 protein and its homology play similar roles in nuclear egress of all herpesviruses. however, there is no report on the ul31 gene product of dev. in this study, we expressed and presented the basic properties of the dev ul31 product. | 2009 | 19208242 |
| characterization of the genes encoding complete us10, sorf3, and us2 proteins from duck enteritis virus. | based on the understanding that the analysis on unique short (us) region of duck enteritis virus (dev) might contribute to the recognition of the molecular characterization and the evolution of dev, in the study, a 5,121 bp fragment, which contained three genes encoding complete us10, unique short region open reading frame (sorf) 3, and us2 proteins, was amplified from the dev (c-kce) genome. the transcription orientation of the us10 and sorf3 was in a tail-to-tail way, and the sorf3 and us2 was ... | 2009 | 19224353 |
| intestinal mucosal immune response against virulent duck enteritis virus infection in ducklings. | duck virus enteritis (dve) is an acute and contagious herpes virus infection of duck, geese and swans with high morbidity and mortality. the development of specific mucosal immune system against duck enteritis virus (dev) infection for ducks has been hindered by a lack of knowledge concerning the purification of immunoglobulin a (iga) of duck. in the present work, the method for purification of duck immunoglobulin a was developed, and the induction of intestinal mucosal immune responses against ... | 2009 | 19303123 |
| anatid herpesvirus 1 ch virulent strain induces syncytium and apoptosis in duck embryo fibroblast cultures. | anatid herpesvirus 1 (ahv-1) ch virulent strain was first isolated from an infected duck and it was found that this virus strain could induce cytopathic effect (cpe) in duck embryo fibroblast (def). following ahv-1 infection, def showed morphological changes such as cell rounding, improved refractivity and detachment from the culture surface. however, its pathological characteristics were not adequately known. related studies were performed and the results showed that syncytium formation could b ... | 2009 | 19410389 |
| intestinal mucosal immune response in ducklings following oral immunisation with an attenuated duck enteritis virus vaccine. | to investigate the intestinal mucosal immune responses in ducklings orally inoculated with attenuated duck enteritis virus (dev), the kinetics of the viral load, the specific humoral immune responses, and the distribution of immunoglobulin (ig)a-secreting cells in the intestine were evaluated. oral inoculation with attenuated dev stimulated an iga-dominant response in intestinal secretions and a igy-dominant response in the serum. the dramatic increase in virus-specific mucosal iga 15 days after ... | 2010 | 19442544 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the ul31 gene from duck enteritis virus. | using a combination of bioinformation analysis and dot blot technique, a gene, designated hereafter as the duck enteritis virus (dev) ul31 gene (genbank accession number ef643559), was identified from the dev chv genomic library. then, the ul31 gene was cloned and sequenced, which was composed of 933 nucleotides encoding 310 amino acids. multiple sequence alignment suggested that the ul31 gene was highly conserved in alphaherpesvirinae and similar to the other herpesviral ul31. phylogenetic anal ... | 2010 | 19466580 |
| development and evaluation of an antigen-capture elisa for detection of the ul24 antigen of the duck enteritis virus, based on a polyclonal antibody against the ul24 expression protein. | an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ac-elisa) method was developed for the efficient detection of the ul24 antigen of the duck enteritis virus (dev) using polyclonal antibodies. ducks and rabbits were immunized, respectively, with expressed ul24 recombinant protein. the igg antibodies against ul24 from ducks and rabbits were purified and used as the capture antibodies. the specificity of the optimized ac-elisa was evaluated by use of dev, duck hepatitis virus (dhv), duck hepati ... | 2009 | 19467266 |
| development and application of a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect chinese isolates of duck hepatitis virus type 1. | we developed a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method for the detection of duck hepatitis virus type 1 (dhv-1) in the tissues of infected and clinically affected ducks and in chick and duck embryos. we found the assay to be effective in detecting the virus in china, where it is being used in studies on the epidemiology of the disease. we applied this simple and rapid diagnostic method to the detection of dhv isolates grown in chick and duck embryos and in tissues obtaine ... | 2009 | 19475729 |
| his6-tagged ul35 protein of duck plague virus: expression, purification, and production of polyclonal antibody. | duck plague virus (dpv), the causative agent of duck plague (dp), is an alphaherpesvirus that causes an acute, febrile, contagious, and septic disease of waterfowl. ul35 protein (vp26) is a major capsid protein encoded by the ul35 gene, which is located in the unique long (ul) region of the dpv genome. to investigate the specific roles of vp26, the ul35 gene was amplified from the dpv dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and subcloned into pet-32a(+). | 2009 | 19478528 |
| development of taqman mgb fluorescent real-time pcr assay for the detection of anatid herpesvirus 1. | anatid herpesvirus 1 (ahv-1) is an alphaherpesvirus associated with latent infection and mortality in ducks and geese and is currently affecting the world-wide waterfowl production severely. here we describe a fluorescent quantitative real-time pcr (fq-pcr) method developed for fast measurement of ahv-1 dna based on taqman mgb technology. | 2009 | 19497115 |
| identification and characterization of the duck enteritis virus ul51 gene. | compared to the ul51 gene of other alphaherpesviruses, the duck enteritis virus (dev) ul51 gene contains ten conserved motifs and has a close evolutionary relationship with members of the genus mardivirus. the dev ul51 gene product was identified using a rabbit polyclonal antiserum raised against a 6-his-ul51 fusion protein expressed in escherichia coli as a 34-kda protein. western blotting and rt-(real time) pcr analysis of dev-infected cells showed that the protein was produced at the late sta ... | 2009 | 19517212 |
| characterization of subcellular localization of duck enteritis virus ul51 protein. | knowledge of the subcellular localization of a protein can provide useful insights about its function. while the subcellular localization of many alphaherpesvirus ul51 proteins has been well characterized, little is known about where duck enteritis virus (dev) ul51 protein (pul51) is targeted to. thus, in this study, we investigated the subcellular localization and distribution of dev pul51 by computer aided analysis, as well as indirect immunofluorescence (iif) and transmission immunoelectron m ... | 2009 | 19575796 |
| molecular characterization of the genome of duck enteritis virus. | the genomic sequence of a strain of duck enteritis virus (dev) was determined and analyzed in this study. the size of its genome is 158,091 bp in length and the genome is predicted to encode 78 putative proteins and resembles the members of the alphaherpesvirinae in genomic organization and gene composition. the genome of the virus is composed of a unique long (ul) region, a unique short (us) region, a unique short internal repeat (irs) region and a unique short terminal repeat (trs) region. its ... | 2009 | 19595405 |
| characterization of synonymous codon usage bias in the duck plague virus ul35 gene. | the aim was to identify the codon usage bias between the newly identified duck plague virus (dpv) ul35 gene (genbank accession no. ef643558) and the ul35-like genes of 27 other reference herpesviruses. | 2009 | 19672100 |
| unique sequence characteristics of genes in the leftmost region of unique long region in duck enteritis virus. | our objective was to further understand the evolutionary position of duck enteritis virus (dev) in the family herpesviridae and to determine the genomic structure in the leftmost region of the unique long region (ul) of dev. | 2009 | 19707022 |
| cloning, expression, purification and characterization of ul24 partial protein of duck enteritis virus. | the ul24 gene of duck enteritis virus (dev) is conserved across herpesviruses, but its protein characterization has not been reported. we expressed the ul24 gene in escherichia coli bl21 from a recombinant plasmid pet32a/dev-ul24 and used the resulting protein to raise antiserum. this antiserum recognized a 38-kda protein in lysates from infected cells. sds-page analysis showed that the ul24 partial protein was highly expressed after induction by 0.4 mm iptg at 30 degrees for 6 h. the results of ... | 2009 | 19786809 |
| identification and characterization of a duck enteritis virus us3-like gene. | duck enteritis virus (dev) causes substantial losses on duck farms; however, its molecular biology is poorly understood. here, an open reading frame of a us3-like gene of dev was identified from a dev genomic library. its existence was confirmed by cloning from dev-infected duck embryo fibroblasts (defs) and dna sequencing. the us3-like gene was then subcloned into a prokaryotic protein expression vector and expressed as a six-histidine-tagged fusion protein in escherichia coli. the protein was ... | 2009 | 19848073 |
| characterization of duck enteritis virus us6, us7 and us8 gene. | duck enteritis virus (dev) is a member of the family herpesviridae, the genome of which is not completely analyzed. in order to provide further insights into the genomic organization, we decided to amplify the unknown sequence in the us region since three key glycoproteins are coded in this region. glycoprotein d encoded by us6 gene is essential for virus entry and plays an important role in protecting animals from lethal challenge. glycoprotein i and e encoded by us7 and us8 gene are required f ... | 2010 | 20090359 |
| detection of anatid herpesvirus 1 gc gene by taqman fluorescent quantitative real-time pcr with specific primers and probe. | anatid herpesvirus 1 (ahv-1) is known for the difficulty of monitoring and controlling, because it has a long period of asymptomatic carrier state in waterfowls. furthermore, as a significant essential agent for viral attachment, release, stability and virulence, gc (ul44) gene and its protein product (glycoprotein c) may play a key role in the epidemiological screening. the objectives of this study were to rapidly, sensitively, quantitatively detect gc gene of ahv-1 and provide the underlying b ... | 2010 | 20152046 |