Publications

arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alter phosphorus relations of broomsedge (andropogon virginicus l.) plants.	broomsedge (andropogon virginicus l.) is a dominant grass revegetating many abandoned coal-mined lands in west virginia, usa. residual soils on such sites are often characterized by low ph, low nutrients, and high aluminium. experiments were conducted to assess the resistance of broomsedge to limited phosphorus (pi) availability and to investigate the role that arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi play in aiding plant growth under low pi conditions. pregerminated mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal see ...	2001	11520877
effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil phosphorus level on expression of protein and activity of peroxidase on passion fruit roots.	the effects of mycorrhizal inoculation and increasing soil p levels on the expression of total proteins and peroxidase activity on passion fruit roots were evaluated. the experimental design was entirely at random, with four treatments of inoculation (a--control; b--gigaspora albida; c--scutellospora heterogama; d--mixture of g. albida, g. margarita, s. heterogama, and glomus clarum) x three levels of soil p (4, 11, and 30 mg/dm3 of soil), each with three replicates. plants were harvested 70 day ...	2002	12071328
variation in aluminum resistance among arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.	arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi mediate interactions between plants and soils, and are important where nutrient or metal concentrations limit plant growth. variation in fungal response to edaphic conditions may influence the effectiveness of the plant-mycorrhizal association in some soil environments. andropogon virginicus (broomsedge) colonizes disturbed sites in the eastern united states, including acidic mine soils where aluminum (al) is phytotoxic, and al resistance in broomsedge has been ...	2005	15316885
temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (ttge) as a tool for the characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.	the aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using temporal temperature gradient electrophoresis (ttge) of pcr-amplified 18s rdna fragments of different glomus species for their detection and characterization. screening of glomus clarum, glomus constrictum, glomus coronatum, glomus intraradices, glomus mosseae and glomus viscosum by pcr-tgge revealed that the ns31-am1 region of the 18s rrna gene contained insufficient variation to discriminate between them. in contrast, ttge analysis o ...	2004	15598542
influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and kinetin on the response of mungbean plants to irrigation with seawater.	increasing use of saline water in irrigation can markedly change the physical and chemical properties of soil. an experiment was carried out to investigate the interaction between the mycorrhizal fungus glomus clarum, isolated from a saline soil, and kinetin on the growth and physiology of mungbean plants irrigated with different dilutions of seawater (0, 10, 20, and 30%). the growth, chlorophyll concentration and sugar content of mycorrhizal plants was greater than that of non-mycorrhizal plant ...	2005	15765207
effect of two amf life strategies on the tripartite symbiosis with bradyrhizobium japonicum and soybean.	this study is the first in assessing the effect of soil disturbance on the contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) with different life-history strategies to the tripartite symbiosis with soybeans and bradyrhizobium japonicum (kirchner) jordan. we hypothesized that gigaspora margarita becker and hall would be more affected by soil disturbance than glomus clarum nicol. and schenck, and consequently, the tripartite symbiosis would develop more rapidly and lead to greater n(2) fixation in ...	2006	16362418
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increased early growth of two nontimber forest product species dyera polyphylla and aquilaria filaria under greenhouse conditions.	nontimber forest products (ntfps) represent an important source of income to millions of people in tropical forest regions, but some ntfp species have decreased in number and become endangered due to overexploitation. there is increasing concern that the planting stocks of dyera polyphylla and aquilaria filaria are not sufficient to sustain the yield of ntfps and promote forest conservation. the objective of this study was to determine the effect of two arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi, glomus ...	2006	16758200
autofluorescence detection of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal structures in palm roots: an underestimated experimental method.	the aim of this study was to reassess the use of autofluorescence for evaluating am colonization in mycorrhizal roots in the light of criticisms of this method that affirmed that only metabolically inactive arbuscules autofluoresce. it was also investigated whether other mycorrhizal structures, such as hyphae, vesicles and spores, could be detected by autofluorescence, and whether the autofluorescence pattern of am fungal structures could be exploited methodologically, for example, in the detect ...	2006	16893637
cooccurring plants forming distinct arbuscular mycorrhizal morphologies harbor similar am fungal species.	arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungal spores were isolated from field transplants and rhizosphere soil of hedera rhombea (miq) bean and rubus parvifolius l., which form paris-type and arum-type am, respectively. dna from the spore isolates was used to generate molecular markers based on partial large subunit (lsu) ribosomal rna (rdna) sequences to determine am fungi colonizing field-collected roots of the two plant species. species that were isolated as spores and identified morphologically and mol ...	2006	17106725
hyphal healing mechanism in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi scutellospora reticulata and glomus clarum differs in response to severe physical stress.	the hyphal healing mechanism (hhm) has been shown to differ between gigasporaceae and glomeraceae. however, this process has not been considered under (severe) physical stress conditions. scutellospora reticulata and glomus clarum strains were cultured monoxenically. the impact of long distance separating cut extremities of hyphae and of multiple injuries within hyphae on the hhm was monitored. for long distances (>5000 microm) separating cut extremities, hyphae healing was observed in half the ...	2007	17263854
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi induce differential activation of the plasma membrane and vacuolar h+ pumps in maize roots.	roots undergo multiple changes as a consequence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) interactions. one of the major alterations expected is the induction of membrane transport systems, including proton pumps. in this work, we investigated the changes in the activities of vacuolar and plasma membrane (pm) h(+) pumps from maize roots (zea mays l.) in response to colonization by two species of am fungi, gigaspora margarita and glomus clarum. both the vacuolar and pm h(+)-atpase activities were inhibited, ...	2009	18841397
the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis links n mineralization to plant demand.	arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi facilitate inorganic n (nh(4)(+) or no(3)(-)) uptake by plants, but their role in n mobilization from organic sources is unclear. we hypothesized that arbuscular mycorrhizae enhance the ability of a plant to use organic residues (ors) as a source of n. this was tested under controlled glasshouse conditions by burying a patch of or in soil separated by 20-microm nylon mesh so that only fungal hyphae can pass through it. the fate of the n contained in the or patch ...	2009	19101737
isolation and sequence analysis of a beta-tubulin gene from arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.	a full-length beta-tubulin gene has been cloned and sequenced from gigaspora gigantea and glomus clarum, two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) species in the phylum glomeromyota. the gene in both species is organized into five exons and four introns. both genes are 94.9% similar and encode a 447 amino acid protein. in comparison with other fungal groups, the amino acid sequence is most similar to that of fungi in the chytridiomycota. the codon usage of the gene in both amf species is broad and ...	2009	19444489
assessing the diversity of am fungi in arid gypsophilous plant communities.	in the present study, we used pcr-single-stranded conformation polymorphism (sscp) techniques to analyse arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) communities in four sites within a 10 km(2) gypsum area in southern spain. four common plant species from these ecosystems were selected. the am fungal small-subunit (ssu) rrna genes were subjected to pcr, cloning, sscp analysis, sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. a total of 1443 ssu rrna sequences were analysed, for 21 am fungal types: 19 belonged to the ...	2009	19573133
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alter thymol derivative contents of inula ensifolia l.	individuals of inula ensifolia l. (asteraceae), a valuable xerothermic plant species with potential therapeutic value, were inoculated under laboratory conditions with different strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf): (1) glomus intraradices unijag pl-bot, (2) g. intraradices unijag pl-kap, (3) glomus clarum unijag pl13-2, and (4) amf crude inoculum from natural stands of i. ensifolia. we found amf species specificity in the stimulation of thymol derivative production in the roots of i. e ...	2010	20177715
in situ analysis of anastomosis in representative genera of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.	arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) form obligate symbiotic associations with plants. as a result, the role of hyphal interactions in the establishment and maintenance of common mycorrhizal networks is poorly understood because of constraints on methods for in situ analysis. we designed a rhizohyphatron that allows the examination of intact mycelia growing from whole mycorrhizal plants. plants preinoculated with spores were cultivated in a compartment with a connecting tube from which hyphae exte ...	2011	21221661
the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor molecule fenhexamid impacts the vegetative compatibility of glomus clarum.	the vegetative compatibility of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (amf) glomus clarum mucl 46238 was evaluated after continuous exposure to fenhexamid, a sterol biosynthesis inhibitor (sbi). three lineages of this amf were cultured in vitro for five generations in association with ri t-dna transformed carrot roots in the presence of 0, 5 or 10 mg l(-1) of fenhexamid. whatever the amf generation, fenhexamid at 5 and 10 mg l(-1) had no significant impact on the number of spores produced. however, ...	2011	21553021
genetic variation of morphological characters within a single isolate of the endomycorrhizal fungus glomus clarum (glomaceae).	the nature of variation in morphological characters in spores of arbuscular endomycorrhizal fungi (order glomales, class zygomycetes) has received little attention, despite the importance of these characters in modern taxonomy of the order. we tested the hypothesis that genetic variation exists in spore size and color (presumably important taxonomic characters) within a single isolate of the glomalean fungus glomus clarum. phenotypic variation in size and color of spores was determined from a po ...	1997	21708675
Conserved meiotic machinery in Glomus spp., a putatively ancient asexual fungal lineage.	Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent an ecologically important and evolutionarily intriguing group of symbionts of land plants, currently thought to have propagated clonally for over 500 Myr. AMF produce multinucleate spores and may exchange nuclei through anastomosis, but meiosis has never been observed in this group. A provocative alternative for their successful and long asexual evolutionary history is that these organisms may have cryptic sex, allowing them to recombine alleles and c ...	2011	21876220
Symbiotic interaction of endophytic bacteria with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and its antagonistic effect on Ganoderma boninense.	Endophytic bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa UPMP3 and Burkholderia cepacia UMPB3), isolated from within roots of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) were tested for their presymbiotic effects on two arbuscular mcorrhizal fungi, Glomus intraradices UT126 and Glomus clarum BR152B). These endophytic bacteria were also tested for antagonistic effects on Ganoderma boninense PER 71, a white wood rot fungal pathogen that causes a serious disease in oil palm. Spore germination and hyphal length of each a ...	2011	21887636