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lipoprotein lipase in the fat body of triatoma brasiliensis.lipoprotein lipase activity was detected and characterized in the fat body of triatoma brasiliensis one of the vector of chagas' disease. the enzyme activity was close to a free fatty acid production of 47 mumol ffa mg protein-1-h-1 when assayed in the complete system. 2. the enzyme presented maximum activity at ph 8.5. it appeared to be activated by heparin (2 u/ml) and to require a cofactor (rat serum lipoproteins) when assayed with simple triglyceride emulsions. the requirement for a ffa acc ...197660918
[biology of triatoma braziliensis. ii. observations on its autogeny]. 1975766149
feeding behavior of different species of chagas' disease vectors stimulated with blood sources at different temperatures.1. the feeding behavior of six triatomid species toward latex condoms filled with blood at 26 +/- 1 and 36 +/- 1 degrees c was observed for 4 h. 2. the species studied were triatoma infestans, triatoma brasiliensis, triatoma vitticeps, triatoma pseudomaculata, rhodnius prolixus and panstrongylus megistus, and 34 to 348 insects were studied in each group (average, 190). all the life stages of each species were used. 3. although most insects (80%, average for 6 species) preferred the warmer blood, ...19921304939
[the epidemiology of chagas' disease in a rural area of the city of teresina, piauí, brazil].in the rural areas of teresina, 129 triatomines were captured distributed in (a) artificial ecotopes; a house with one triatoma brasiliensis, one panstrongylus geniculatus, rhodnius pictipes, and one rhodnius prolixus and in a uninhabited chicken house (7 rhodnius nasutus). (b) natural ecotopes; pahus orbignya martiana (41 rhodnius neglectus, 33 rhodnius prolixus and 41 rhodnius nasutus) and copernicia cerifera (3 rhodnius neglectus). the 22.6% of captured triatomines were infected by flagellate ...19921308066
influence of light conditions on adult mortality and egg-laying of triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911 (hemiptera: reduviidae: triatominae).we compared, for triatoma brasiliensis, the egg-laying process and the mortality of adults under conditions of almost permanent darkness and with normal laboratory luminosity. mortality did not differ between groups. the egg-laying per vial and per female was significantly greater in the group of normal luminosity. we consider that it is not recommendable to keep the adults of this species under complete darkness. other biological aspects should be analysed in relation to luminosity.19921340536
lethality of triatomines (hemiptera: reduviidae), vectors of chagas' disease, feeding on blood baits containing synthetic insecticides, under laboratory conditions.a laboratory study was conducted to test the toxicity of synthetic insecticides added to defibrinated sheep blood kept at room temperature and offered as food to the following triatomine species: triatoma infestans, panstrongylus megistus, triatoma vitticeps, triatoma pseudomaculata, triatoma brasiliensis and rhodnius prolixus. the insecticides used, at a concentration of 1 g/l, were: hch, ddt, malathion and trichlorfon, and the lethalithy observed at the end of a 7-day period varied according t ...19911726952
possible oral transmission of acute chagas' disease in brazil.in october 1986, 7 to 22 days after a meeting at a farm in paraíba state, 26 individuals presented with a febrile illness associated with bilateral eyelid and lower limb edema, mild hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and, occasionally a skin rash. a 11-year-old boy exhibited atrial premature complexes and a 74-year-old patient developed acute heart failure. in two patients hospitalized in são paulo city, acute chagas' disease was diagnosed by the demonstration of circulating trypanosoma cruzi. ...19911844961
[epidemiology of chagas disease in the municipalities of castelo do piaui and pedro ii, state of piaui, brazil].triatoma brasiliensis, triatoma pseudomaculata and rhodnius nasutus were captured in artificial and natural echotopes in ten localities situated in rural areas of castelo do piauí and pedro ii, state of piauí, brazil. nymphal instars predominated and birds were the main blood meal source for triatomines. t. brasiliensis was the only triatomine captured inside the houses searched, harbouring flagellates morphologically and biologically indistinguishable from trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi. sp ...19892517851
[resistence of triatoma brasiliensis to fasting]. 20154596930
reproductive isolation between triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911 and triatoma petrochii pinto & barreto, 1925 (hemiptera reduviidae). 19714945961
isoenzymes detect variation in populations of triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae: triatominae).triatoma brasiliensis is one of the most important vectors of chagas disease in the semiarid zone of the northeast of brazil. intraspecific morphological and behavioural variation has been reported for different populations. results for four distinct populations using eight isoenzymes are reported here. the literature describes three subspecies: t. brasiliensis brasiliensis neiva, 1911; t. brasiliensis melanica neiva & lent, 1941 and t. brasiliensis macromelasoma galvão, 1956. these subspecies d ...19979361737
[triatominae species]this paper provides a checklist of 15 known species of the triatominae subfamily in maranhão state. on the coastal são luís island there are a total of 10 species associated with sylvatic areas (eratyrus mucronatus, psammolestes tertius, panstrongylus diasi) and periurban and urban areas (panstrongylus geniculatus, panstrongylus lignarius, rhodnius nasutus, rhodnius neglectus, rhodnius pictipes, rhodnius robustus and triatoma rubrofasciata). the last was found only on são luís island, while the ...19989592224
ecotopes, natural infection and trophic resources of triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera, reduviidae, triatominae).triatoma brasiliensis is considered as one of the most important chagas disease vectors in the northeastern brazil. this species presents chromatic variations which led to descriptions of subspecies, synonymized by lent and wygodzinsky (1979). in order to broaden bionomic knowledge of these distinct colour patterns of t. brasiliensis, captures were performed at different sites, where the chromatic patterns were described: caicó, rio grande do norte (t. brasiliensis brasiliensis neiva, 1911), it ...19989698835
beauveria bassiana (hyphomycetes) as a possible agent for biological control of chagas disease vectors.beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin (isolate cg306) was tested on 3rd instars of 9 triatoma spp., 4 rhodnius spp., 2 panstrongylus spp. and dipetalogaster maxima (uhler) at 25 degrees c and 50% rh. quantitative sporulation of the fungus on cadavers was studied at 25 degrees c and 97% rh. mortality, estimates of survival time, and conidial production on cadavers differed significantly among the genera and species tested. panstrongylus herreri wygodzinsky, dipetalogaster maxima, triatoma pictur ...19989835689
the synanthropic process of chagas disease vectors in brazil, with special attention to triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911 (hemiptera, reduviidae, triatominae) population, genetical, ecological, and epidemiological aspects. 199910677724
survey for trypanosoma cruzi infection in a municipality in northeast brazil.an epidemiological survey of trypanosoma cruzi infection was carried out in bodocó, located in the western part of the state of pernambuco, brazil. two hundred and forty-one individuals were parasitologically and immunologically screened. although hemoculture did not reveal the presence of parasites in the blood, the sera of 5 individuals were scored as positive by the indirect fluorescence antibody test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. seropositivity in individuals above and below the ...199910733161
population dynamics and feeding behavior of triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata, main vectors of chagas disease in northeastern brazil.biological parameters of triatoma brasiliensis and t. pseudomaculata that could influence the epidemiological importance of these insects as vectors of trypanosoma cruzi were compared. the parameters studied were incubation period, interval between hatching or moulting and first feeding, number of blood meals, development time, mortality, net reproductive rate, instantaneous daily reproductive rate, time-lapse before starting feeding, duration of feeding, blood ingestion capacity, occurrence of ...200010733731
comparison of feeding behaviour of triatoma infestans, triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata in different hosts by electronic monitoring of the cibarial pump.feeding behaviour of triatoma infestans, t. brasiliensis and t. pseudomaculata on pigeons and mice was compared by electronic monitoring of the cibarial pump. the methodology developed permits the study detailed of triatomine feeding behaviour using an artificial feeder as well as on live hosts. t. infestans was the species that fed most rapidly on the two hosts tested (28.03+/-1.6 mg/min for pigeon and 21.33+/-1.7 mg/min for mouse), followed by t. brasiliensis (17.09+/-1.4 mg/min and 13.1+/-1.5 ...200010817838
performance of yeast-baited traps with triatoma sordida, triatoma brasiliensis, triatoma pseudomaculata, and panstrongylus megistus in laboratory assays.the effectiveness of a trap for triatomines baited with yeast cultures has been previously demonstrated for triatoma infestans in laboratory assays. we report here results from laboratory assays testing yeast traps for triatoma sordida, triatoma brasiliensis, triatoma pseudomaculata, and panstrongylus megistus. all assays were conducted in an open experimental arena 100 cm x 100 cm, with two traps placed at opposite sides of the arena. one of the traps contained a yeast culture, and the other tr ...200010949899
[general situation and perspectives of chagas disease in northeastern region, brazil].primary and secondary data show the importance and distribution of human chagas disease (hcd) in northeast brazil. among the 27 detected vector species, triatoma infestans, panstrongylus megistus, triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata are epidemiologically important. major medical impact is attributed to t. infestans and p. megistus, the most domiciliated and vulnerable species, while the other two are native and more difficult to control. regional differences in transmission and med ...200011119317
[operational aspects of triatoma brasiliensis control].vector control strategies against indigenous species is not easy, due to their capacity to reinvade treated premises from sylvatic ecotopes. between august 1996 and december 1997 we conducted a study on reinfestation of houses after spraying in a county in the state of ceará. of 277 houses examined, 113 (40.8%) were infested (21.7% intradomiciliary and 35.4% peridomiciliary). of the 433 triatominae collected, 207 were triatoma brasiliensis (49% of which intradomiciliary, with a mean of 1.8 insec ...200011119320
[microclimatic properties of the triatoma brasiliensis habitat].vector-borne transmission of chagas disease in northeast brazil is basically by triatoma brasiliensis. it is thus crucial to determine this species' microclimatic preferences as limiting factors for its distribution and ability to infest domestic environments. we analyze the microclimatic properties of the shelters in which these insects are found in wild, domestic, and peridomiciliary environments in the state of ceará, at brazil. we measure temperature and relative humidity (rh) every 15 minut ...200011119321
[peridomiciliary changes and implications for triatoma brasiliensis control].a total of 9,906 annexes from 1,541 rural dwellings of boa viagem county, ceará, brazil, infested by triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata were investigated and immediately sprayed with pyrethroid insecticide, followed by revisions at 6, 12, and 18 months. the initial infestation rate of annexes was 4.0%, with predominant infestation in animal shelters (7.0%). mean insect density was low, regardless of triatomine species or type of annex. a progressive decrease in the number of initi ...200011119322
chromosome homogeneity in populations of triatoma brasiliensis neiva 1911 (hemiptera - reduviidae - triatominae).triatoma brasiliensis is the most important vector of chagas disease in the semiarid zone of the northeast of brazil. several authors have reported the occurrence of four chromatic patterns with morphological, ecological, and genetic differences. in order to determine the existence of cytogenetic differentiation between these chromatic forms, we analyzed their karyotypes and the chromosome behavior during the male meiotic process. triatoma brasiliensis shows distinct and specific chromosome char ...200011119323
[distribution and characterization of different populations of triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911 (hemiptera, reduviidae, tritominae)].triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911 is now considered the most important chagas disease vector in the semiarid zones of northeastern brazil. four distinct populations of t. brasiliensis have been identified by multidisciplinary studies: brasiliensis (caicó, rn), melânica (espinosa, mg), macromelasoma (petrolina, pe), and juazeiro (juazeiro, ba). by scanning electron microscopy of egg exochorion, each population displayed a distinct ornamentation pattern. the brasiliensis, macromelasoma, and juazei ...200011119325
[use of random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) in the populational study of triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911].we evaluated the genetic variability of triatoma brasiliensis, the main vector of chagas disease in northeast brazil, using specimens from three populations. regions of genomic dna were amplified by rapd (random amplified polimorphic dna), using two primers. the products were visualized after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by silver staining. a dendrogram constructed through the dice similarity coefficient allowed for separation of the tested specimens into three distinct groups. th ...200011119326
[biological potential of triatoma brasiliensis].biological and physiological parameters of triatoma brasiliensis, triatoma infestans, and triatoma pseudomaculata were studied and compared. t. brasiliensis, reared on mice, showed a faster evolutionary cycle from first stage to adult and higher fecundity, when compared to the other species. t. infestans showed the fastest blood intake in both hosts tested, followed by t. brasiliensis and t. pseudomaculata. clotting tests using salivary gland extracts of t. brasiliensis presented intermediary va ...200011119327
[focal and total residual insecticide spraying to control triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata in northeast brazil].to efficiently control the triatomines triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata, a field trial was performed to compare conventional versus focal spraying of deltamethrin 5% sc at 25 mg a. i./m2 and the slow-release organophosphate malathion 8.3% sr at 2g a. i./m2. the assay took place in the county of boa viagem, ceará state, with 1541 households, randomly separated into 4 groups. two of them received focal spraying: pt, treated with deltamethrin indoors and in the peridomicile, and pl ...200011119328
genetic variability of triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae) populations.isoenzymes, random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd), and morphometry were used to compare genetic variability within and between three populations of triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911 from northeast brazil. the isoenzyme profiles were identical for the three populations, whereas the complex rapd patterns allowed clear discrimination between the three. morphometric analysis, using characters of the head capsule, also showed discrimination between the three populations but only in comparisons of m ...200011126543
fungal flora of the digestive tract of 5 species of triatomines vectors of trypanosoma cruzi, chagas 1909.a study of the mycobiota in the digestive tract of 5 important species of triatomines, triatoma brasiliensis, t infestans, t. sordida, t. pseudomaculata and t. vitticeps, was made. the digestive tracts of 164 adults and 535 nymphs of those triatomines were studied and 393 fungal strains were isolated. the genera with the greatest number of species were penicillium (19 species), aspergillus (17 species) and acremonium (5 species) and the most frequent species, in decreasing order, were penicilliu ...200111502063
molecular cloning and sequencing of salivary gland-specific cdnas of the blood-sucking bug triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae).haematophagous insects produce pharmacological substances in their saliva to counteract vertebrate host haemostasis events such as coagulation, vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation. to investigate the bioactive salivary molecules of the triatomine bug triatoma brasiliensis, we produced subtraction-enriched cdnas of salivary-gland specific genes using suppression subtractive hybridization. six full-length differentially expressed cdnas (tb113, tb125, tb152, tb169, tb180 and tb198) were selec ...200212421416
ecologic niche modeling and differentiation of populations of triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911, the most important chagas' disease vector in northeastern brazil (hemiptera, reduviidae, triatominae).ecologic niche modeling has allowed numerous advances in understanding the geographic ecology of species, including distributional predictions, distributional change and invasion, and assessment of ecologic differences. we used this tool to characterize ecologic differentiation of triatoma brasiliensis populations, the most important chagas' disease vector in northeastern brazil. the species' ecologic niche was modeled based on data from the fundação nacional de saúde of brazil (1997-1999) with ...200212479554
blood-feeding performance of nymphs and adults of triatoma brasiliensis on human hosts.the blood-feeding behaviour of nymphs and adults of triatoma brasiliensis fed on the forearm of human volunteers was studied by electronic monitoring of the cibarial pump. parameters of total contact time (tt), initial weight (iw), weight gain (wg), ingestion rate (ir), pump frequency (f), quantity of liquid ingested per cibarial pump stroke (qlc) and non-ingestive time (nit) (cumulative probing time and pumping interruptions during blood feeding) were measured. protein profile (sds-page) and qu ...200312875930
anti-complement activity in the saliva of phlebotomine sand flies and other haematophagous insects.the saliva of haematophagous insects has a series of pharmacological activities which may favour blood feeding. in the present study, an inhibitory effect on the complement system was observed in salivary extracts obtained from the phlebotomine sand flies lutzomyia longipalpis and lu. migonei. saliva from lu. longipalpis was capable of inhibiting both the classical and alternative pathways, while that from lu. migonei acted only on the former. other haematophagous insect species were screened fo ...200312885192
the epidemiologic importance of triatoma brasiliensis as a chagas disease vector in brazil: a revision of domiciliary captures during 1993-1999.to clarify the epidemiologic importance of triatoma brasiliensis, the most important chagas disease vector in the northeastern of brazil, capture data related to this species, its distribution, capture index, and percentages of natural infection by trypanosoma cruzi were examined in 12 different brazilian states. the brazilian national health foundation collected these data from 1993 to 1999, a period during which a total of 1,591,280 triatomines (21 species) were captured in domiciles within th ...200312937751
crossing experiments detect genetic incompatibility among populations of triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911 (heteroptera, reduviidae, triatominae).triatoma brasiliensis is composed of at least four geographic populations (brasiliensis, melanica, macromelasoma, and juazeiro) that have distinct chromatic, morphologic, biologic and ecologic patterns, and genetic composition. reciprocal crosses between all pairwise combinations were carried out in order to evaluate the genetic and reproductive compatibility of these four populations. the f1 individuals developed normally and the resulting adults were crossed again to test the f2 and f3 viabili ...200312973530
[triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911 (hemiptera, reduviidae): observations on dynamics of feeding behavior in an artificial ecotope].in order to study the behavior of triatomine bugs under artificial ecotopic conditions, an experimental, double-walled poultry coop was built. its inside walls were made of sun-dried clay blocks which could be broken apart for better access to the insects hiding in their crevices. the coop was subdivided into two main areas of different sizes using wire netting and a wall made of perforated bricks. the chickens, the only food source available for the triatomines, were kept in the larger, rectang ...200314528333
wild habitat and related fauna of panstrongylus lutzi (reduviidae, triatominae).although panstrongylus lutzi (neiva and pinto) is currently the fifth most frequent species of triatominae captured in artificial structures in brazil, its silvatic habitat remains unknown. a survey of its natural ecotopes was performed in an area of bahia state. p. lutzi nymphal instars and adults were detected in burrows of dasypodidae. silvatic habitat of four other endemic triatomine species of the caatinga (triatoma pseudomaculata correa and espinola, triatoma brasiliensis neiva, rhodnius n ...200314765681
nested clade and phylogeographic analyses of the chagas disease vector triatoma brasiliensis in northeast brazil.triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae: triatominae) is the most important chagas disease vector in the semiarid areas of northeast brazil. we analyzed mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence variation among 136 individuals representing 16 populations from across the species' distribution. neighbor-joining and parsimony tree-building methods were used in conjunction with nested clade analysis to describe the systematics and phylogeography of this species. our results indicate that t. brasilien ...200415186796
epidemiology of chagas disease in jaguaruana, ceará, brazil. i. presence of triatomines and index of trypanosoma cruzi infection in four localities of a rural area.in order to assay the triatomine infestation and domiciliation in the rural area of jaguaruana district, state of ceará, brazil, we studied, from november 2000 to april 2002, 4 localities comprising 158 domiciles as a whole, with an average of 4 inhabitants/house, who are dwelling in there for more than 7 years. most houses have tile-covered roofs and the walls built with plaster-covered bricks (57%), followed by bricks without plaster (33%), and mud walls (7.5%). a total of 3082 triatomines wer ...200415273797
influence of the blood meal source on the development of triatoma infestans, triatoma brasiliensis, triatoma sordida, and triatoma pseudomaculata (heteroptera, reduviidae).the objective of this study was to determine the influence of the blood meal source on the life cycle and reproductive development of female triatoma infestans (klug, 1834), triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911, triatoma sordida (stal, 1859), and triatoma pseudomaculata corrga & espfinola, 1964. in all triatomine species studied the life cycle was shorter for the groups fed on mice than for those fed on pigeons, the range of differences being between 1.5 times (t pseudomaculata and t. infestans) an ...200015535580
sulfated glycosaminoglycans in two hematophagous arthropod vectors of chagas disease, triatoma brasiliensis and rhodnius prolixus (hemiptera: reduviidae).the characterization of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (gags) in hematophagous arthropod vectors in general has been limited, with the exception of the studies in the triatomine rhodnius prolixus. heparan sulfate (hs) and chondroitin sulfate (cs) were previously identified and structurally characterized in extracts of whole bodies of fourth instar larvae of r. prolixus. recently, we showed the expression of these two sulfated gags in specific body tissues of adult males and females and in embryos o ...200415581795
dynamics between sylvatic, peridomestic and domestic populations of triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae) in ceara state, northeastern brazil.triatoma brasiliensis is the most important chagas disease vector in the drier regions of the "brazilian caatinga", colonizing both sylvatic and domestic environments, usually forming abundant colonies. control trials using insecticides against domestic and peridomestic populations suggest that the t. brasiliensis has a high capacity to repopulate treated habitats from the neighboring sylvatic populations, making its elimination more complex. the aim of this work was to determine genetic variabi ...200515589804
risk factors for reinvasion of human dwellings by sylvatic triatomines in northern bahia state, brazil.the aim of this study in curaça, bahia, northeast brazil was to explore possible factors associated with the infestation of human dwellings by triatoma brasiliensis or triatoma pseudomaculata, two sylvatic triatomine species. we use multiple logistic regression analysis to show how structural features of the peridomiciliary area combine with the number of animals and sociological factors to allow infestation of some dwellings. it is suggested that t. brasiliensis is associated with human activit ...200515868058
ribosomal dna its-1 intergenic spacer polymorphism in triatomines (triatominae, heteroptera).the length polymorphism of ribosomal dna its-1 intergenic spacer was analyzed in eight species of triatomines belonging to triatoma, rhodnius, and panstrongylus genera. the analyzed species were rhodnius domesticus, r. neivai, r. robustus, triatoma brasiliensis, t. infestans, t. vitticeps, panstrongylus megistus, and p. herreri. these insects are vectors of chagas' disease, one of the most prominent public health problems among south american countries. this work allowed the differentiation betw ...200516187161
genetic heterogeneity in trypanosoma cruzi strains from naturally infected triatomine vectors in northeastern brazil: epidemiological implications.eighteen trypanosoma cruzi strains isolated from naturally infected triatomines were studied genetically. the majority of the strains were from triatoma brasiliensis, the principal vector of chagas disease in the northeast of brazil. multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mlee) and randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analyses were used to investigate the genotypic diversity and the spread of the t. cruzi genotypes in different environments. mlee clearly distinguished two distinct isoenzyme pro ...200516341768
aspects of peridomiciliary ecotopes in rural areas of northeastern brazil associated to triatomine (hemiptera, reduviidae) infestation, vectors of chagas disease.artificial ecotopes of 121 peridomiciliary environments in four rural localities in the state of ceará, brazil, were studied and the type of material of the ecotopes was identified as triatomine infestation. two thousand two hundred and four triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 340 triatoma pseudomaculata corrêa and espínola, 121 rhodnius nasutus stall, and 5 panstrongylus lutzi (neiva and pinto) were captured. out of the 323 ecotopes found (x = 2.0 +/- 1.8 per dwelling) - such as pigpens, henhouses, co ...200616830706
sequence characterization and expression patterns of defensin and lysozyme encoding genes from the gut of the reduviid bug triatoma brasiliensis.the cdnas encoding an intestinal defensin (def1) and lysozyme (lys1) of the reduviid bug triatoma brasiliensis have been amplified by pcr using specific oligonucleotide primers and 5'- and 3'-race, cloned and sequenced. the 576 bp clone has an open reading frame of 282 bp and encodes a pre-prodefensin with 94 amino acid residues, containing a putative signal and activation peptide cleavage site at ser19 and arg51, respectively. the genomic dna contains a second defensin gene with similar charact ...200616835020
[biogeography, origin, and distribution of triatominae domiciliarity in brazil. revista de saúde pública, 14(3):265-99, 1980].an association is established between the brazilian geographical pattern of the domiciliarity of the triatominae bugs and open lands characterized by natural savanna vegetation or artificial, man-made landscapes. the brazilian open lands involved are the "caatingas'' and "cerrados", both wholly included in brazilian territory, while the mixed southern subtropical prairies belong to systems extending bevond national boundary lines. the other open lands are anthropic-lands opened mainly by the des ...200617173153
flight dispersal of the chagas disease vectors triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata in northeastern brazil.the present paper reports for the first time the capture of wild triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata by means of light traps in brazil. we tested commercially available lighting devices powered by batteries to attract the bugs to a white piece of cloth in the field. two main findings showed to be significant: first, the results presented here show that light traps can be used for sampling these species in wild environments; second, they reveal that house colonization by triatomines ...200717292320
the use of aggregation signals by triatoma brasiliensis (heteroptera: reduviidae).triatoma brasiliensis is considered the main vector of chagas disease in the semiarid zones of north-eastern brazil. in this work, we describe the spatial pattern of defecation in t. brasiliensis and the spatial relationship of faeces with the shelters of these bugs. afterwards, we analyse the attraction response of t. brasiliensis larvae to potential odour cues present in their dry faeces, to substances present in their cuticule (footprints) and to the dry faeces of triatoma pseudomaculata. we ...200717306752
mapping of the distribution of trypanosoma cruzi infection among small wild mammals in a conservation unit and its surroundings (northeast-brazil).maps are a useful tool that permits correlation of landscapes with hotspots of parasite transmission. here, they were used as a tool for geovisualization to evaluate variables involved in the transmission of trypanosoma cruzi among small wild mammals in an area endemic for chagas disease, the "serra da capivara" national park (parna) and its surroundings in piauí state, northeast brazil. the implementation of a geographical information system (gis) allowed the observation that a previously noted ...200717307027
growth behaviour of two trypanosoma cruzi strains in single and mixed infections: in vitro and in the intestinal tract of the blood-sucking bug, triatoma brasiliensis.competition and cooperation are well-recognized biological phenomena, even among parasites. co-infection of parasites in a single host leads to several outcomes, one being competition for a limited resource. here, the behaviour of mixed infection was evaluated using two isolates of trypanosoma cruzi, previously typed as belonging to genotypes tci and tcii. the growth in vitro and in the different compartments of the gut of triatoma brasiliensis was studied. in vitro growth showed that mdid/br/19 ...200717374352
the sialotranscriptome of the blood-sucking bug triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera, triatominae).triatoma brasiliensis is the most important autochthon vector of trypanosoma cruzi in brazil, where it is widely distributed in the semiarid areas of the northeast. in order to advance the knowledge of the salivary biomolecules of triatominae, a salivary gland cdna library of t. brasiliensis was mass sequenced and analyzed. polypeptides were sequenced by hplc/edman degradation experiments. then 1712 cdna sequences were obtained and grouped in 786 clusters. the housekeeping category had 24.4% and ...200717550826
brasiliensin: a novel intestinal thrombin inhibitor from triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae) with an important role in blood intake.every hematophagous invertebrate studied to date produces at least one inhibitor of coagulation. among these, thrombin inhibitors have most frequently been isolated. in order to study the thrombin inhibitor from triatoma brasiliensis and its biological significance for the bug, we sequenced the corresponding gene and evaluated its biological function. the t. brasiliensis intestinal thrombin inhibitor, termed brasiliensin, was sequenced and primers were designed to synthesize double strand rna (d ...200717575982
first record of megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae) infesting laboratory colonies of triatoma brasiliensis neiva (hemiptera: reduviidae).megaselia scalaris (loew) is a cosmopolitan and synanthropic scuttle fly, eclectic in its feeding habits and acts as detritivore, parasite, facultative parasite, and parasitoid. here we report for the first time m. scalaris infesting laboratory colonies of triatoma brasiliensis neiva, the most important chagas disease vector in semiarid areas of brazil. m. scalaris larvae were found feeding inside bugs; pupae were found in the esophagus and intestinal regions of t. brasiliensis through dissectio ...200718246279
inferring from the cyt b gene the triatoma brasiliensis neiva, 1911 (hemiptera: reduviidae: triatominae) genetic structure and domiciliary infestation in the state of paraíba, brazil.the triatoma brasiliensis genetic structure was analyzed using the cyt b gene in different geographic locations and ecotopes after a short and long period after insecticide treatment. four different localities (16-40 km apart) in the state of paraíba, brazil, were sampled. analysis of molecular variance (amova) showed that grouping populations according to the geographic location or ecotope resulted in a higher variance among populations within groups (phi(sc) ranging from 0.15 to 0.17) than amo ...200818458315
microsatellite markers in triatoma pseudomaculata (hemiptera, reduviidae, triatominae), chagas' disease vector in brazil.six polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized using a microsatellite-enriched genomic library from the chagas' disease vector triatoma pseudomaculata. this species is found in brasil in caatinga areas and predominantly in peridomestic habitats. all the microsatellites tested on a population of t. pseudomaculata sampled in the bahia state, brazil, were polymorphic (2-15 alleles). markers amplification was also tested on six triatoma species and some loci successfully amplifi ...200818571993
development of a trypanosoma cruzi (tci) isolate in the digestive tract of an unfamiliar vector, triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera, reduviidae).triatoma brasiliensis is an important vector of trypanosoma cruzi, commonly found in semi-arid areas of north-eastern brazil. t. cruzi (tci) is a widely distributed genotype in all biomes of brazil. to evaluate selective pressures exerted by a vector species on the development of tci derived from a different biome (atlantic rainforest), t. brasiliensis larvae were infected with the mdid/br/1994/c48 isolate. parasite densities of t. cruzi were determined in three regions of the gut at 3, 5 and 10 ...200818579102
[epidemiology of chagas disease in four rural localities in jaguaruana, state of ceará: seroprevalence of infection, parasitemia and clinical characteristics].a cross-sectional study on chagas disease that examined the populations of four localities (n masculine = 541 inhabitants) in the municipality of jaguaruana, state of ceará, showed seroprevalence of chagas infection of 3.1%, as assessed by indirect immunofluorescence, indirect hemagglutination and elisa tests. the rate was higher among adults over 50 years old, without any difference in relation to sex. positive parasitemia was found in 11.8% (2/17) of the seropositive individuals by means of in ...200818853005
morphological evidence suggests homoploid hybridization as a possible mode of speciation in the triatominae (hemiptera, heteroptera, reduviidae).all known significant insect vectors of trypanosoma cruzi are members of the reduviidae, subfamily triatominae. infections with this parasite are the cause of chagas disease, the single most costly parasitic disease in the western hemisphere. the triatominae are almost completely restricted to the americas, with >130 species distributed in several foci of species richness and endemism; nevertheless, the processes involved in the diversification of this group remain poorly understood. the triatom ...200919135177
new perspectives for population genetics of chagas'disease vectors in the northeastern brazil: isolation of polymorphic microsatellite markers in triatoma brasiliensis.triatoma brasiliensis is the most important chagas disease vector in semiarid areas of northeastern brazil. although generally found in natural environment, it regularly colonizes or reinvades domiciliary ecotopes. in order to analyse gene flow between habitats, we identified and characterized six microsatellite loci using a microsatellite-enriched genomic library. to assess the usefulness of these microsatellites for genetic studies, we investigated their variability in two natural populations ...200919460330
the metasternal and brindley's glands of triatoma brasiliensis neiva (hemiptera: reduviidae).triatoma brasiliensis neiva is the most important vector of the chagas' disease in the semiarid zones of north-eastern brazil. adult bugs have two main pairs of exocrine glands, the metasternal and the brindley's glands, which release volatiles possibly with defense, alarm and/or mating functions. to date, anatomical and histological studies of the metasternal and the brindley's glands in the genus triatoma are scarce and, considering the relevance of these exocrine glands, the present work aime ...200919488512
two novel defensin-encoding genes of the chagas disease vector triatoma brasiliensis (reduviidae, triatominae): gene expression and peptide-structure modeling.defensins are cysteine-rich peptides involved in the innate immunity of insects and many other organisms. in the present study, two novel defensin-encoding cdnas and the respective genomic dnas (def3 and def4) of triatoma brasiliensis were identified and their tissue-specific and temporal expression was characterized. both of the deduced mature peptides consisted of 43 amino acid residues and were highly similar to previously identified triatomine defensins (81.4-100%). semi-quantitative rt-pcr ...200919505471
effect of intestinal erythrocyte agglutination on the feeding performance of triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae).triatoma brasiliensis is an important vector of trypanosoma cruzi in brazil. the feeding efficiency on its hosts depends on several parameters including the maintenance of the ingested blood at low viscosity, which could be modulated by the anterior midgut (crop) anticoagulant and haemagglutinant activities. in the present study, we characterized t. brasiliensis crop haemagglutination activity and evaluated its importance in the feeding process. soluble crop contents (scc) of t. brasiliensis wer ...200919524588
the role of salivary and intestinal complement system inhibitors in the midgut protection of triatomines and mosquitoes.saliva of haematophagous arthropods contain biomolecules involved directly or indirectly with the haematophagy process, and among them are encountered some complement system inhibitors. the most obvious function for these inhibitors would be the protection of the midgut against injury by the complement. to investigate this hypothesis, triatoma brasiliensis nymphs were forced to ingest human serum in conditions in which the protection of midgut by the inhibitors is bypassed. in these conditions, ...200919557176
copulation and mate guarding behavior in triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae).the hematophagous bug triatoma brasiliensis (neiva) is an important vector of chagas disease in brazil. we describe the mating behavior of this species in a comparative manner and analyze the effect of time elapsed since the first imaginal bloodmeal on motivation of males to mate, on female mate-rejections, and on overall mating frequency. we also evaluate whether females of this species copulate with several males in short time intervals, and we examine whether the duration of copulation may va ...200919645281
biology, diversity and strategies for the monitoring and control of triatomines--chagas disease vectors.despite the relevant achievements in the control of the main chagas disease vectors triatoma infestans and rhodnius prolixus, several factors still promote the risk of infection. the disease is a real threat to the poor rural regions of several countries in latin america. the current situation in brazil requires renewed attention due to its high diversity of triatomine species and to the rapid and drastic environmental changes that are occurring. using the biology, behaviour and diversity of tri ...200919753457
immunogenic salivary proteins of triatoma infestans: development of a recombinant antigen for the detection of low-level infestation of triatomines.triatomines are vectors of trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of chagas disease in latin america. the most effective vector, triatoma infestans, has been controlled successfully in much of latin america using insecticide spraying. though rarely undertaken, surveillance programs are necessary in order to identify new infestations and estimate the intensity of triatomine bug infestations in domestic and peridomestic habitats. since hosts exposed to triatomines develop immune responses to sal ...200919841746
phylogeny of triatoma sherlocki (hemiptera: reduviidae: triatominae) inferred from two mitochondrial genes suggests its location within the triatoma brasiliensis complex.the phylogenetic position of triatoma sherlocki within triatomines group was inferred by analyzing mtdna fragments of cyt b and 16s ribosomal rna by using maximum parsimony and bayesian analysis. despite being differentiated from members of the t. brasiliensis complex on morphologic grounds, molecular phylogenetic analysis suggests t. sherlocki is a member of this complex; moreover, it was placed as a sister species of t. melanica. these suggestions were supported by robust credibility rates. he ...200919861622
behavioral and electrophysiological responses of triatoma brasiliensis males to volatiles produced in the metasternal glands of females.in many insects, mate finding is mediated by volatile sex pheromones, but evidence for this phenomenon in triatomines (heteroptera: reduviidae) is still fragmentary. recently, it was shown that metasternal glands (mgs) are involved in producing signals related to the sexual communication of triatoma infestans and rhodnius prolixus. based on this, we tested whether mg volatiles could be involved in the sexual communication of triatoma brasiliensis. odor-mediated orientation responses were studied ...200919902303
influence of blood meal and mating in reproduction patterns of triatoma brasiliensis females (hemiptera: reduviidae) under laboratory conditions.the influence of blood meal and mating on triatoma brasiliensis (neiva) female fecundity, fertility, life-span and the preoviposition period were investigated under laboratory conditions. nourishment increased fecundity, fertility and adult lifespan, whereas mating increased fecundity, fertility and decreased the preoviposition period. females also required more than one mating to reach their full reproductive potential. results indicate that both nourishment and mating are important in t. brasi ...200920027473
surveillance of chagas disease vectors in municipalities of the state of ceará, brazil.the present study aimed to analyse the dwelling infestation rates and the distribution and natural trypanosoma cruzi infection rates, among triatomines captured in the 13 municipalities of the state of ceará. the records relating to the capture of intradomicile and peridomicile triatomines during the chagas disease control program of 1998-2008 were available. among the triatomines captured and in all of the municipalities studied, triatoma brasiliensis presented the highest incidence in intradom ...200920140377
susceptibility of triatoma brasiliensis from state of ceará, northeastern brazil, to the pyrethroid deltamethrin.after controlling triatoma infestans in brazil, other species of triatomine that were considered minor in the transmission of chagas disease became important. the persistence of triatoma brasiliensis in northeastern brazil, associated with reinfection of domestic environments recently sprayed with pyrethroids, may be a signal of susceptibility alteration of this species to this insecticide. specimens of t. brasiliensis from the municipality of tauá, state of ceará, were captured before and one y ...201020512253
trypanosoma cruzi infection modulates the expression of triatoma brasiliensis def1 in the midgut.abstract antimicrobial peptides are an essential component of the insect immune system. one of the most ubiquitous is defensin, which has been identified in all examined insect orders. triatoma brasiliensis (heteroptera, triatominae), the main trypanosoma cruzi vector in semi-arid regions of north-eastern brazil, expresses def1, a defensin encoding gene, predominantly in the anterior region (cardia and stomach) of the midgut. in the present study, we compared the transcript abundance of t. brasi ...201020925526
(4s,5s)-2,2,4-triethyl-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolane: a new volatile released by a triatomine bug.adults of the triatomine bug triatoma brasiliensis release 2,2,4-triethyl-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolane (1) as a mixture of the (4s,5s)- and (4r,5r)-enantiomers in a ratio of 4:1. among the volatile acetals identified from insects so far, this is the first example resulting from an intermolecular condensation of a carbonyl moiety and a diol substructure.201021087036
ecology of triatoma brasiliensis in northeastern brazil: seasonal distribution, feeding resources, and trypanosoma cruzi infection in a sylvatic population.we assessed some ecological parameters of triatoma brasiliensis in rock piles in the state of ceará during the rainy and dry seasons. the greatest density was in april (median = 12.5 triatomines/site). the greatest abundance was in december, when the insects were more dispersed and the density per site was lower (6 triatomines/site). the nutritional status of females and 5th instar nymphs was increased in july. the rate of t. cruzi infection reached its highest peak in july (10.9%). elisa reveal ...201021175946
developmental and reproductive patterns of triatoma brasiliensis infected with trypanosoma cruzi under laboratory conditions.the aim of this work was to study the interaction between trypanosoma cruzi-1 and triatoma brasiliensis. a group of 1st instar nymphs was initially fed on t. cruzi-infected mice and a control group was fed on uninfected mice. from the second feeding onwards, both groups were otherwise fed on non-infected mice. the resulting adults were grouped in pairs: infected male/uninfected female, uninfected male/infected female, infected male and female and uninfected male/uninfected female. the infection ...201021225206
feeding performance of triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae) on habitual hosts: thrichomys laurentius (rodentia: echimyidae) and humans.triatoma brasiliensis is an important vector of trypanosoma cruzi in the semiarid zones of northeastern brazil where it is commonly found in human dwellings, peridomiciliary areas, and the wild environments. to better understand features that may be influencing the interaction of t. brasiliensis with its hosts, in the present work we compared the feeding performance of sylvatic and domestic populations of t. brasiliensis on humans and on thrichomys laurentius, a wild rodent found in the natural ...201121395421
influence of the intestinal anticoagulant in the feeding performance of triatomine bugs (hemiptera; reduviidae).triatomines are haematophagous insects in all post-embryonic life stages. they are vectors of trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of chagas disease. their vectorial ability is influenced by their feeding performance, which varies greatly amongst species. recent work showed that inhibition of the coagulation process in the anterior midgut (crop) environment considerably influences the blood meal size. in this work, we performed a comparative study of the level of anticoagulant activity in the ...201121447340
structure elucidation and synthesis of dioxolanes emitted by two triatoma species (hemiptera: reduviidae).volatiles from the metasternal glands of two species of true bugs of the triatominae subfamily, triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma infestans, were analyzed by spme-gc/ms. two sets of new natural products were found: (4s,5s)- and (4r,5r)-2,2,4-triethyl-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolane (1) (major component) and (4s*,5s*)-2,4-diethyl-2,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane (2) (trace component), (2r/s,4s,5s)- as well as (2r/s,4r,5r)-4-ethyl-5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-dioxolane (3) (minor component), (2r/s,4s*,5s*)-4- ...201121486009
[summary of results from the national surveys].this article aims to correlate the main results of three large national surveys on chagas disease (entomologic, seroprevalence and electrocardiographic) carried out in brazil from late 1970's to early 1980's, which served as baseline for definition of the control measures adopted in the country. the proportion of infected people was much higher in areas where triatoma infestans, the most efficient vector of chagas disease among the five principal species involved in transmission at that time, wa ...201121584357
[the control of vectorial transmission].between 1950 and 1951, the first prophylactic campaign against chagas diseases was carried on in brazil by the so existing serviço nacional de malária. the actions involving chemical vector control comprehended 74 municipalities along the rio grande valley, between the states of são paulo and minas gerais. ever since, until 1975, the activities were performed according the availability of resources, being executed with more or less regularity and coverage. at that time, chagas disease did no rep ...201121584358
ultrastructural localization of basic proteins and carbohydrates in male accessory glands of two triatoma species (hemiptera, reduviidae, triatominae).the male accessory glands in triatoma are tubular and produce substances with some functions related to production of the spermatophore. in the current study, the cytochemistry of male accessory glands was evaluated in starved triatoma brasiliensis and adult triatoma melanica. the storage of carbohydrates and proteins in t. melanica male accessory glands occurs earlier than in t. brasiliensis. in addition, the occurrence of eletron-lucent granules without carbohydrates and proteins suggests that ...201121661307
evaluation of rbcl and crclôéâ as markers of triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae) nymphs: persistence and influence of rb and cr on triatomine biology.in order to mark triatoma brasiliensis, the vector of chagas disease in brazil, two chemical compounds, rubidium chloride (rbcl) and chromium chloride (crclôéâ), were tested. first, 199 n2-n5 nymphs were fed on blood with 0.025m rbcl. rb marker positivity ranged from 2.5% (n3)-70% (n2), with a maximum persistence of 98 days. second, 265 n2-n5 nymphs were fed on blood containing 0.0015m crclôéâ. cr marker positivity ranged up to 93% (n5), with a maximum persistence of 119 days. finally, we blood ...201121739023
eco-epidemiology of chagas disease in northeastern brazil: triatoma brasiliensis, t. pseudomaculata and rhodnius nasutus in the sylvatic, peridomestic and domestic environments.an entomological survey was carried out in four rural localities situated in the state of ceará, assessing chagas disease seroprevalence in man, focusing on the presence of vectors in natural foci contiguous to the domestic and peridomestic environments. fifty-three triatoma brasiliensis, nine t. pseudomaculata and 71 rhodnius nasutus were collected in their natural habitats as far as 10 m from the houses, and 663, 59 and 8 respectively were captured in peridomestic artificial structures, adjace ...201121979785
Combining geospatial analysis and exploratory study of triatomine ecology to evaluate the risk of Chagas disease in a rural locality.The use of geo-spatial analysis to anticipate transmission risk for Chagas disease was tested in a rural area of northeast Brazil in an approach that combined geo-referencing and exploratory study of triatomine infestation, including related elements such as the environment and hosts. A total of 617 triatomine specimens, mainly Triatoma brasiliensis, were captured, exhibiting an overall T. cruzi positivity of 44.4%. Layer analysis indicated that the greatest transmission risk to man was associat ...201222015423
cathepsin l of triatoma brasiliensis (reduviidae, triatominae): sequence characterization, expression pattern and zymography.triatoma brasiliensis is considered one of the main vectors of chagas disease commonly found in semi-arid areas of northeastern brazil. these insects use proteases, such as carboxypeptidase b, aminopeptidases and different cathepsins for blood digestion. in the present study, two genes encoding cathepsin l from the midgut of t. brasiliensis were identified and characterized. mature t. brasiliensis cathepsin l-like proteinases (tbcatl-1, tbcatl-2) showed a high level of identity to the cathepsin ...201222100382
synanthropic triatomines (hemiptera, reduviidae) in the state of pernambuco, brazil: geographical distribution and natural trypanosoma infection rates between 2006 and 2007.the present study shows a descriptive analysis of triatomine occurrence and its natural trypanosoma infection rates in the state of pernambuco, brazil, between 2006 and 2007.201222370830
ecotope effect in triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae) suggests phenotypic plasticity rather than adaptation.triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera: reduviidae) is an important vector of chagas' disease in both sylvatic and peridomestic ecotopes. discriminating between these populations of triatominae has been proposed as a means of investigating re-infestation rates of human dwellings. geometric morphometrics have been widely applied in the study of triatominae polymorphisms at species and population levels. this study characterizes morphometric differences between sylvatic and peridomestic populations, as ...201322985051
homogeneity of trypanosoma cruzi i, ii, and iii populations and the overlap of wild and domestic transmission cycles by triatoma brasiliensis in northeastern brazil.the genetic variability of 24 trypanosoma cruzi isolates from humans (11) and triatomines (13) in northeastern brazil was analyzed by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and compared with taxonomic groups, host, and geographical origin of the parasite. tci (12.5%), tcii (45.8%), and tciii (41.6%) showed a similarity coefficient (sc) of 0.74 using the mean of three primers and 0.80, 0.75, and 0.66 for λgt11-f, m13-40f, and l15996 primers, respectively. the samples were clustered according to ...201323371496
cross-mating experiments detect reproductive compatibility between triatoma sherlocki and other members of the triatoma brasiliensis species complex.phylogenetic approaches based on mitochondrial dna variation (fragments of cyt b and 16s ribosomal rna) have revealed triatoma sherlocki as the most recent species addition to the triatoma brasiliensis species complex; a monophyletic group which includes t. brasiliensis, triatoma melanica, and triatoma juazeirensis. t. sherlocki is the most differentiated among all species of this complex: it is unable to fly, possesses longer legs than the other members, and has reddish tonality in some parts o ...201323850508
revalidation and redescription of triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma galvão, 1956 and an identification key for the triatoma brasiliensis complex (hemiptera: reduviidae: triatominae).triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma is revalidated based on the results of previous multidisciplinary studies on the triatoma brasiliensis complex, consisting of crossing experiments and morphological, biological, ecological and molecular analyses. these taxonomic tools showed the closest relationship between t. b. macromelasoma and triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis. t. b. macromelasoma is redescribed based on specimens collected in the type locality and specimens from a f1 colony. the complex ...201324037202
spraying food sources with pyrethroid to control peridomestic triatomines.we attempted to supplement traditional insecticide spraying by treating peridomiciliar food sources with a powder formulation.201324270255
mitochondrial pcr-rflp assay to distinguish triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma from triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis subspecies (hemiptera: reduviidae).triatoma brasiliensis sensu lato (s.l.), the main vector of chagas disease in northeastern brazil, is a species complex comprising four species, one with two subspecies (t. brasiliensis brasiliensis, t. brasiliensis macromelasoma, t. juazeirensis, t. sherlocki, and t. melanica), and each taxon displaying distinct ecological requirements. in order to evaluate the genetic relationships among nine t. brasiliensis s.l. populations from northeastern brazil, we analyzed their mitochondrial cytochrome ...201324454408
multiple mitochondrial genes of some sylvatic brazilian triatoma: non-monophyly of the t. brasiliensis subcomplex and the need for a generic revision in the triatomini.multiple fragments of mitochondrial dna genes (cytochrome b, cytochrome oxidase i, and 16s rdna) were used to evaluate the phylogenetic relationships among triatoma melanocephala, triatoma tibiamaculata, triatoma vitticeps, and other members of triatoma brasiliensis subcomplex under a bayesian framework and maximum parsimony criterion. with the addition of new sequences of t. tibiamaculata and t. vitticeps, triatoma juazeirensis, triatoma melanica and the newly sequenced t. melanocephala, the th ...201424508245
serine carboxypeptidases of triatoma brasiliensis (hemiptera, reduviidae): sequence characterization, expression pattern and activity localization.using specific oligonucleotides, 5'- and 3'-race and sequencing, two cdnas encoding serine carboxypeptidases (tbscp-1 and tbscp-2) from the midgut of the blood sucking heteropteran triatoma brasiliensis were identified. both cdnas with an open reading frame of 1389bp, encode serine carboxypeptidase precursors of 463 amino acid residues, which possess a signal peptide cleavage site after ala19. analysis of tbscp-1 and tbscp-2 genomic dna showed an absence of introns in both sequences and the pres ...201424548612
a multi-species bait for chagas disease vectors.triatomine bugs are the insect vectors of trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of chagas disease. these insects are known to aggregate inside shelters during daylight hours and it has been demonstrated that within shelters, the aggregation is induced by volatiles emitted from bug feces. these signals promote inter-species aggregation among most species studied, but the chemical composition is unknown.201424587457
a common caatinga cactus, pilosocereus gounellei, is an important ecotope of wild triatoma brasiliensis populations in the jaguaribe valley of northeastern brazil.triatoma brasiliensis is the most important vector of chagas disease in the caatinga eco-region of northeastern brazil. wild t. brasiliensis populations have been reported only from rocky outcrops. however, this species frequently infests/re-infests houses in rock-free sedimentary lowlands. we therefore hypothesized that it should also occupy other natural ecotopes. we show that a common caatinga cactus, pilosocereus gounellei, locally known as xiquexique, often harbors t. brasiliensis breeding ...201424710611
modeling disease vector occurrence when detection is imperfect ii: drivers of site-occupancy by synanthropic triatoma brasiliensis in the brazilian northeast.understanding the drivers of habitat selection by insect disease vectors is instrumental to the design and operation of rational control-surveillance systems. one pervasive yet often overlooked drawback of vector studies is that detection failures result in some sites being misclassified as uninfested; naïve infestation indices are therefore biased, and this can confound our view of vector habitat preferences. here, we present an initial attempt at applying methods that explicitly account for im ...201424811125
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