Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| sodalis gen. nov. and sodalis glossinidius sp. nov., a microaerophilic secondary endosymbiont of the tsetse fly glossina morsitans morsitans. | a secondary intracellular symbiotic bacterium was isolated from the haemolymph of the tsetse fly glossina morsitans morsitans and cultured in aedes albopictus cell line c6/36. pure-culture isolation of this bacterium was achieved through the use of solid-phase culture under a microaerobic atmosphere. after isolation of strain m1t, a range of tests was performed to determine the phenotypic properties of this bacterium. considering the results of these tests, along with the phylogenetic position o ... | 1999 | 10028272 |
| the insect endosymbiont sodalis glossinidius utilizes a type iii secretion system for cell invasion. | sodalis glossinidius is a maternally transmitted secondary endosymbiont residing intracellularly in tissues of the tsetse flies, glossina spp. in this study, we have used tn5 mutagenesis and a negative selection procedure to derive a s. glossinidius mutant that is incapable of invading insect cells in vitro and is aposymbiotic when microinjected into tsetse. this mutant strain harbors tn5 integrated into a chromosomal gene sharing high sequence identity with a type iii secretion system invasion ... | 2001 | 11172045 |
| the endosymbionts of tsetse flies: manipulating host-parasite interactions. | through understanding the mechanisms by which tsetse endosymbionts potentiate trypanosome susceptibility in tsetse, it may be possible to engineer modified endosymbionts which, when introduced into tsetse, render these insects incapable of transmitting parasites. in this study we have assayed the effect of three different antibiotics on the endosymbiotic microflora of tsetse (glossina morsitans morsitans). we showed that the broad-spectrum antibiotics, ampicillin and tetracycline, have a dramati ... | 2001 | 11334953 |
| genome size determination and coding capacity of sodalis glossinidius, an enteric symbiont of tsetse flies, as revealed by hybridization to escherichia coli gene arrays. | recent molecular characterization of various microbial genomes has revealed differences in genome size and coding capacity between obligate symbionts and intracellular pathogens versus free-living organisms. multiple symbiotic microorganisms have evolved with tsetse fly, the vector of african trypanosomes, over long evolutionary times. although these symbionts are indispensable for tsetse fecundity, the biochemical and molecular basis of their functional significance is unknown. here, we report ... | 2001 | 11443086 |
| the major protein in the midgut of teneral glossina morsitans morsitans is a molecular chaperone from the endosymbiotic bacterium wigglesworthia glossinidia. | molecules in the midgut of the tsetse fly (diptera: glossinidiae) are thought to play an important role in the life cycle of african trypanosomes by influencing their initial establishment in the midgut and subsequent differentiation events that ultimately affect parasite transmission. it is thus important to determine the molecular composition of the tsetse midgut to aid in understanding disease transmission by these medically important insect vectors. here, we report that the most abundant pro ... | 2002 | 12530210 |
| comparative genomics of insect-symbiotic bacteria: influence of host environment on microbial genome composition. | commensal symbionts, thought to be intermediary amid obligate mutualists and facultative parasites, offer insight into forces driving the evolutionary transition into mutualism. using macroarrays developed for a close relative, escherichia coli, we utilized a heterologous array hybridization approach to infer the genomic compositions of a clade of bacteria that have recently established symbiotic associations: sodalis glossinidius with the tsetse fly (diptera, glossina spp.) and sitophilus oryza ... | 2003 | 14602646 |
| cationic antimicrobial peptide killing of african trypanosomes and sodalis glossinidius, a bacterial symbiont of the insect vector of sleeping sickness. | nine biochemically distinct cationic antimicrobial peptides were tested in vitro for their effects on bloodstream forms and procyclic (insect) forms of african trypanosomes, the protozoan parasites that cause african sleeping sickness in humans and trypanosomiasis in domestic animals. at low concentrations, one peptide completely inhibited growth of bloodstream forms, one inhibited procyclic forms, and five inhibited both trypanosome life cycle stages. the peptides were also tested on sodalis gl ... | 2003 | 14733670 |
| degenerative evolution and functional diversification of type-iii secretion systems in the insect endosymbiont sodalis glossinidius. | sodalis glossinidius, a maternally transmitted endosymbiont of tsetse flies, maintains two phylogenetically distinct type-iii secretion systems encoded by chromosomal symbiosis regions designated ssr-1 and ssr-2. although both symbiosis regions are closely related to extant pathogenicity islands with similar gene inventories, ssr-2 has undergone novel degenerative adaptations in the transition to mutualism. notably, ssr-2 lacks homologs of genes found in ssr-1 that encode secreted effector prote ... | 2004 | 15574807 |
| an antimicrobial peptide with trypanocidal activity characterized from glossina morsitans morsitans. | tsetse flies (diptera:glossinidae) are vectors of african trypanosomes, the protozoan agents of devastating diseases in humans and animals. prior studies in trypanosome infected glossina morsitans morsitans have shown induced expression and synthesis of several antimicrobial peptides in fat body tissue. here, we have expressed one of these peptides, attacin (gmatta1) in drosophila (s2) cells in vitro. we show that the purified recombinant protein (recgmatta1) has strong antimicrobial activity ag ... | 2005 | 15681221 |
| increased expression of unusual ep repeat-containing proteins in the midgut of the tsetse fly (glossina) after bacterial challenge. | proteins containing a glutamic acid-proline (ep) repeat epitope were immunologically detected in midguts from eight species of glossina (tsetse flies). the molecular masses of the tsetse ep proteins differed among species groups. the amino acid sequence of one of these proteins, from glossina palpalis palpalis, was determined and compared to the sequence of a homologue, the tsetse midgut ep protein of glossina m. morsitans. the extended ep repeat domains comprised between 36% (g. m. morsitans) a ... | 2005 | 15804575 |
| interactions among multiple genomes: tsetse, its symbionts and trypanosomes. | insect-borne diseases exact a high public health burden and have a devastating impact on livestock and agriculture. to date, control has proved to be exceedingly difficult. one such disease that has plagued sub-saharan africa is caused by the protozoan african trypanosomes (trypanosoma species) and transmitted by tsetse flies (diptera: glossinidae). this presentation describes the biology of the tsetse fly and its interactions with trypanosomes as well as its symbionts. tsetse can harbor up to t ... | 2005 | 15894186 |
| sodalis glossinidius (enterobacteriaceae) and vectorial competence of glossina palpalis gambiensis and glossina morsitans morsitans for trypanosoma congolense savannah type. | sodalis glossinidius is an endosymbiont of glossina palpalis gambiensis and glossina morsitans morsitans, the vectors of trypanosoma congolense. the presence of the symbiont was investigated by pcr in trypanosoma congolense savannah type-infected and noninfected midguts of both fly species, and into the probosces of flies displaying either mature or immature infection, to investigate possible correlation with the vectorial competence of tsetse flies. sodalis glossinidius was detected in all midg ... | 2005 | 15942697 |
| the rapid isolation and growth dynamics of the tsetse symbiont sodalis glossinidius. | sodalis glossinidius is known exclusively in endosymbiosis with tsetse flies (genus: glossina) and is one of the few insect bacterial symbionts that have been successfully cultured in vitro. this study details improved isolation and solid culture protocols that allow for a standardised and rapid preparation/maintenance of clonal material from individual flies. the isolation and culture of s. glossinidius was confirmed by partial sequencing of the 16s rdna gene and specific pcr. in addition, the ... | 2005 | 15961259 |
| extrachromosomal dna of the symbiont sodalis glossinidius. | the extrachromosomal dna of sodalis glossinidius from two tsetse fly species was sequenced and contained four circular elements: three plasmids, psg1 (82 kb), psg2 (27 kb), and psg4 (11 kb), and a bacteriophage-like psg3 (19 kb) element. the information suggests s. glossinidius is evolving towards an obligate association with tsetse flies. | 2005 | 15995217 |
| two tsetse fly species, glossina palpalis gambiensis and glossina morsitans morsitans, carry genetically distinct populations of the secondary symbiont sodalis glossinidius. | genetic diversity among sodalis glossinidius populations was investigated using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. strains collected from glossina palpalis gambiensis and glossina morsitans morsitans flies group into separate clusters, being differentially structured. this differential structuring may reflect different host-related selection pressures and may be related to the different vector competences of glossina spp. | 2005 | 16332895 |
| massive genome erosion and functional adaptations provide insights into the symbiotic lifestyle of sodalis glossinidius in the tsetse host. | sodalis glossinidius is a maternally transmitted endosymbiont of tsetse flies (glossina spp.), an insect of medical and veterinary significance. analysis of the complete sequence of sodalis' chromosome (4,171,146 bp, encoding 2,432 protein coding sequences) indicates a reduced coding capacity of 51%. furthermore, the chromosome contains 972 pseudogenes, an inordinately high number compared with that of other bacterial species. a high proportion of these pseudogenes are homologs of known proteins ... | 2006 | 16365377 |
| genetic differences between blight-causing erwinia species with differing host specificities, identified by suppression subtractive hybridization. | pcr-based subtractive hybridization was used to isolate sequences from erwinia amylovora strain ea110, which is pathogenic on apples and pears, that were not present in three closely related strains with differing host specificities: e. amylovora mr1, which is pathogenic only on rubus spp.; erwinia pyrifoliae ep1/96, the causal agent of shoot blight of asian pears; and erwinia sp. strain ejp556, the causal agent of bacterial shoot blight of pear in japan. in total, six subtractive libraries were ... | 2006 | 16963554 |
| vector competence of glossina palpalis gambiensis for trypanosoma brucei s.l. and genetic diversity of the symbiont sodalis glossinidius. | tsetse flies transmit african trypanosomes, responsible for sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in animals. this disease affects many people with considerable impact on public health and economy in sub-saharan africa, whereas trypanosomes' resistance to drugs is rising. the symbiont sodalis glossinidius is considered to play a role in the ability of the fly to acquire trypanosomes. different species of glossina were shown to harbor genetically distinct populations of s. glossinidius. we there ... | 2007 | 17012373 |
| a possible heterodimeric prophage-like element in the genome of the insect endosymbiont sodalis glossinidius. | extrachromosomal element psog3 (52,162 nucleotides) in the genome of sodalis glossinidius contains redundant phage-related gene pairs, indicating that it may have been formed by the fusion of two ancestral phage genomes followed by gene degradation. we suggest that psog3 is a prophage that has undergone genome degeneration accompanying host adaptation to symbiosis. | 2007 | 17209029 |
| a new sodalis lineage from bloodsucking fly craterina melbae (diptera, hippoboscoidea) originated independently of the tsetse flies symbiont sodalis glossinidius. | symbiotic bacterium closely related to the secondary symbiont of tsetse flies, sodalis glossinidius, has been described from the bloodsucking fly craterina melbae. phylogenetic analysis of two genes, 16s rrna gene and component of type three secretion system, placed the bacterium closer to the sitophilus-derived branch of sodalis than to the tsetse symbionts. this indicates that the craterina-derived lineage of sodalis originated independent of the tsetse flies symbionts and documents the capabi ... | 2007 | 17227456 |
| a novel phospholipase from trypanosoma brucei. | phospholipase a(1) activities have been detected in most cells where they have been sought and yet their characterization lags far behind that of the phospholipases a(2), c and d. the study presented here details the first cloning and characterization of a cytosolic pla(1) that exhibits preference for phosphatidylcholine (gpcho) substrates. trypanosoma brucei phospholipase a(1) (tbpla(1)) is unique from previously identified eukaryotic pla(1) because it is evolutionarily related to bacterial sec ... | 2007 | 17238918 |
| bacterial endosymbiont of the slender pigeon louse, columbicola columbae, allied to endosymbionts of grain weevils and tsetse flies. | the current study focuses on a symbiotic bacterium found in the slender pigeon louse, columbicola columbae (insecta: phthiraptera). molecular phylogenetic analyses indicated that the symbiont belongs to the gamma subdivision of the class proteobacteria and is allied to sodalis glossinidius, the secondary symbiont of tsetse flies (glossina spp.) and also to the primary symbiont of grain weevils (sitophilus spp.). relative-rate tests revealed that the symbiont of c. columbae exhibits accelerated m ... | 2007 | 17766458 |
| biostraticola tofi gen. nov., spec. nov., a novel member of the family enterobacteriaceae. | bacterial strain bf36t, isolated from the biofilm of a tufa deposit in a hard water rivulet, was characterized by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. cells of these organisms were gram-negative, motile, nonpigmented, rod-shaped, non-endospore-forming, and facultatively anaerobic. cells, organized in loose consortia, were coated by a massive slime layer. phylogenetic analyses using 16s rrna gene sequences showed that strain bf36t was a member of the family enterobacteriaceae, class gammaproteobacter ... | 2008 | 18324435 |
| complete rpob gene sequencing as a suitable supplement to dna-dna hybridization for bacterial species and genus delineation. | dna-dna hybridization (ddh), the gold standard for bacterial species delineation, is a laborious method and the alternative, average nucleotide identity (ani), a genomic sequence-derived parameter, is not applicable to non-sequenced species. a universal cut-off value to delineate bacterial species does not exist, yet a ddh value <70 % and ani <95+/-0.5 % have proved useful in selected examples. we herein compare published values for ddh and ani with sequence similarity of rpob gene sequences ret ... | 2008 | 18676461 |
| the obligate mutualist wigglesworthia glossinidia influences reproduction, digestion, and immunity processes of its host, the tsetse fly. | tsetse flies (diptera: glossinidae) are vectors for trypanosome parasites, the agents of the deadly sleeping sickness disease in africa. tsetse also harbor two maternally transmitted enteric mutualist endosymbionts: the primary intracellular obligate wigglesworthia glossinidia and the secondary commensal sodalis glossinidius. both endosymbionts are transmitted to the intrauterine progeny through the milk gland secretions of the viviparous female. we administered various antibiotics either contin ... | 2008 | 18689507 |
| an insect symbiosis is influenced by bacterium-specific polymorphisms in outer-membrane protein a. | beneficial bacterial symbioses are ubiquitous in nature. however, the functional and molecular basis of host tolerance to resident symbiotic microbes, in contrast to resistance to closely related bacteria that are recognized as foreign, remain largely unknown. we used the tsetse fly (glossina morsitans), which depends on symbiotic flora for fecundity and has limited exposure to foreign microbes, to investigate the tolerance phenomenon exhibited during symbiosis. we examined the potential role of ... | 2008 | 18815366 |
| quorum sensing primes the oxidative stress response in the insect endosymbiont, sodalis glossinidius. | sodalis glossinidius, a maternally transmitted bacterial endosymbiont of tsetse flies (glossina spp.), uses an acylated homoserine lactone (ahl)-based quorum sensing system to modulate gene expression in accordance with bacterial cell density. the s. glossinidius quorum sensing system relies on the function of two regulatory proteins; sogi (a luxi homolog) synthesizes a signaling molecule, characterized as n-(3-oxohexanoyl) homoserine lactone (ohhl), and sogr1 (a luxr homolog) interacts with ohh ... | 2008 | 18958153 |
| killing of trypanosomatid parasites by a modified bovine host defense peptide, bmap-18. | tropical diseases caused by parasites continue to cause socioeconomic devastation that reverberates worldwide. there is a growing need for new control measures for many of these diseases due to increasing drug resistance exhibited by the parasites and problems with drug toxicity. one new approach is to apply host defense peptides (hdp; formerly called antimicrobial peptides) to disease control, either to treat infected hosts, or to prevent disease transmission by interfering with parasites in th ... | 2009 | 19190729 |
| first isolation of enterobacter, enterococcus, and acinetobacter spp. as inhabitants of the tsetse fly (glossina palpalis palpalis) midgut. | this paper reports the first evidence of the presence of bacteria, other than the three previously described as symbionts, wigglesworthia glossinidia, wolbachia, and sodalis glossinidius, in the midgut of glossina palpalis palpalis, the tsetse fly, a vector of the chronic form of human african trypanosomiasis in sub-saharan african countries. based on the morphological, nutritional, physiological, and phylogenetic results, we identified enterobacter, enterococcus, and acinetobacter spp. as inhab ... | 2009 | 19800031 |
| tripartite interactions between tsetse flies, sodalis glossinidius and trypanosomes--an epidemiological approach in two historical human african trypanosomiasis foci in cameroon. | epidemiological surveys were conducted in two historical human african trypanosomiasis foci in south cameroon, bipindi and campo. in each focus, three sampling areas were defined. in bipindi, only glossina palpalis was identified, whereas four species were identified in campo, g. palpalis being highly predominant (93%). for further analyses, 75 flies were randomly chosen among the flies trapped in each of the six villages. large and statistically significant differences were recorded between bot ... | 2010 | 19879380 |
| microbial associations in gut systems of wood- and bark-inhabiting longhorned beetles [coleoptera: cerambycidae]. | using fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) techniques and pcr-based rdna sequencing, gut microflora in the larvae of bark- and wood-inhabiting cerambycid beetles (rhagium inquisitor, tetropium castaneum, plagionotus arcuatus and leptura rubra [coleoptera: cerambycidae]) was investigated. a total of 12 novel ascomycetous yeast strains were isolated from the gut content. panfungal and strain-specific oligonucleotide probes identified two yeast strains as candida rhagii and candida shehatae, w ... | 2010 | 19962263 |
| identification of the regulatory logic controlling salmonella pathoadaptation by the ssra-ssrb two-component system. | sequence data from the past decade has laid bare the significance of horizontal gene transfer in creating genetic diversity in the bacterial world. regulatory evolution, in which non-coding dna is mutated to create new regulatory nodes, also contributes to this diversity to allow niche adaptation and the evolution of pathogenesis. to survive in the host environment, salmonella enterica uses a type iii secretion system and effector proteins, which are activated by the ssra-ssrb two-component syst ... | 2010 | 20300643 |
| nutrient provisioning facilitates homeostasis between tsetse fly (diptera: glossinidae) symbionts. | host-associated microbial interactions may involve genome complementation, driving-enhanced communal efficiency and stability. the tsetse fly (diptera: glossinidae), the obligate vector of african trypanosomes (trypanosoma brucei subspp.), harbours two enteric gammaproteobacteria symbionts: wigglesworthia glossinidia and sodalis glossinidius. host coevolution has streamlined the wigglesworthia genome to complement the exclusively sanguivorous tsetse lifestyle. comparative genomics reveal that th ... | 2010 | 20356887 |
| primary gut symbiont and secondary, sodalis-allied symbiont of the scutellerid stinkbug cantao ocellatus. | symbiotic associations with midgut bacteria have been commonly found in diverse phytophagous heteropteran groups, where microbiological characterization of the symbiotic bacteria has been restricted to the stinkbug families acanthosomatidae, plataspidae, pentatomidae, alydidae, and pyrrhocoridae. here we investigated the midgut bacterial symbiont of cantao ocellatus, a stinkbug of the family scutelleridae. a specific gammaproteobacterium was consistently identified from the insects of different ... | 2010 | 20400564 |
| regulation of high-affinity iron acquisition homologues in the tsetse fly symbiont sodalis glossinidius. | sodalis glossinidius is a facultative intracellular bacterium that is a secondary symbiont of the tsetse fly (diptera: glossinidae). since studies with other facultative intracellular bacteria have shown that high-affinity iron acquisition genes are upregulated in vivo, we investigated the regulation of several sodalis genes that encode putative iron acquisition systems. these genes, sg1538 (hemt) and sg1516 (sita), are homologous to genes encoding periplasmic heme and iron/manganese transporter ... | 2010 | 20494987 |
| mobile genetic element proliferation and gene inactivation impact over the genome structure and metabolic capabilities of sodalis glossinidius, the secondary endosymbiont of tsetse flies. | genome reduction is a common evolutionary process in symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria. this process has been extensively characterized in bacterial endosymbionts of insects, where primary mutualistic bacteria represent the most extreme cases of genome reduction consequence of a massive process of gene inactivation and loss during their evolution from free-living ancestors. sodalis glossinidius, the secondary endosymbiont of tsetse flies, contains one of the few complete genomes of bacteria at t ... | 2010 | 20649993 |
| functional analysis of the twin-arginine translocation pathway in sodalis glossinidius, a bacterial symbiont of the tsetse fly. | this study demonstrates a functional twin-arginine (tat) translocation pathway present in the tsetse fly symbiont sodalis glossinidius and its potential to export active heterologous proteins to the periplasm. functionality was demonstrated using green fluorescent protein (gfp) fused to the tat signal peptide of escherichia coli trimethylamine n-oxide reductase (tora). | 2010 | 21148698 |
| lambda red-mediated genetic modification of the insect endosymbiont sodalis glossinidius. | in the current study, we adapted and optimized the lambda red recombineering strategy to genetically manipulate the fastidious insect endosymbiont sodalis glossinidius. this work greatly facilitates the application of genetics to the study of insect symbionts and should also prove useful in the context of long-awaited paratransgenic insect control strategies. | 2011 | 21216910 |
| the phylogeny of sodalis-like symbionts as reconstructed using surface-encoding loci. | phylogenetic analyses of 16s rrna support close relationships between the gammaproteobacteria sodalis glossinidius, a tsetse (diptera: glossinidae) symbiont, and bacteria infecting diverse insect orders. to further examine the evolutionary relationships of these sodalis-like symbionts, phylogenetic trees were constructed for a subset of putative surface-encoding genes (i.e. ompa, spr, slyb, rcsf, ycfm, and ompc). the ompa and ompc loci were used toward examining the intra- and interspecific dive ... | 2011 | 21251054 |
| microsatellite genotyping reveals diversity within populations of sodalis glossinidius, the secondary symbiont of tsetse flies. | the aim of this study was to develop a pcr-based microsatellite genotyping method for identifying genetic diversity in sodalis glossinidius, a symbiont associated with tsetse fly infection by trypanosomes causing human and animal trypanosomiasis. allelic polymorphism at three loci, investigated on 40 fly gut extracts, evidenced eight alleles and the existence of five genotypes. this novel approach was shown to be efficient and suitable for routine large-scale genotyping of s. glossinidius presen ... | 2011 | 21334833 |
| genetic diversity and population structure of the secondary symbiont of tsetse flies, sodalis glossinidius, in sleeping sickness foci in cameroon. | previous studies have shown substantial differences in sodalis glossinidius and trypanosome infection rates between glossina palpalis palpalis populations from two cameroonian foci of human african trypanosomiasis (hat), bipindi and campo. we hypothesized that the geographical isolation of the two foci may have induced independent evolution in the two areas, resulting in the diversification of symbiont genotypes. | 2011 | 21886849 |
| attenuation of the sensing capabilities of phoq in transition to obligate insect-bacterial association. | sodalis glossinidius, a maternally inherited endosymbiont of the tsetse fly, maintains genes encoding homologues of the phop-phoq two-component regulatory system. this two-component system has been extensively studied in facultative bacterial pathogens and is known to serve as an environmental magnesium sensor and a regulator of key virulence determinants. in the current study, we show that the inactivation of the response regulator, phop, renders s. glossinidius sensitive to insect derived cati ... | 2011 | 22072980 |
| Molecular and histological characterisation of primary (ß-proteobacteria) and secondary (?-proteobacteria) endosymbionts of three species of mealybugs (Pseudococcus longispinus, Pseudococcus calceolariae, Pseudococcus viburni) (Pseudococcidae, Hemiptera) and prediction of interactions of their GroEL homologs with Grape Leaf Roll-associated Virus-3. | Microscopic localization of endosymbiotic bacteria in three species of mealybug (Pseudococcus longispinus, long-tailed mealybug; Pseudococcus calceolariae, citrophilus mealybug; and Pseudococcus. viburni, obscure mealybug) showed these organisms were confined to bacteriocyte cells within a bacteriome centrally located within the haemocoel. Two species of bacteria were present, with the secondary endosymbiont, in all cases, living within the primary endosymbiont. DNA from the dissected bacteriome ... | 2011 | 22156418 |
| comparative genomic analysis of bacteriophage ep23 infecting shigella sonnei and escherichia coli. | bacteriophage ep23 that infects escherichia coli and shigella sonnei was isolated and characterized. the bacteriophage morphology was similar to members of the family siphoviridae. the 44,077 bp genome was fully sequenced using 454 pyrosequencing. comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses showed that ep23 was most closely related to phage so-1, which infects sodalis glossinidius and phage ssl-2009a, which infects engineered e. coli. genomic comparison indicated that ep23 and so-1 were very s ... | 2011 | 22203555 |
| new rickettsia sp. in tsetse flies from senegal. | tsetse flies are blood-sucking insects transmitting african trypanosomiasis. they are known to harbor also three intracellular bacteria that play important role in their lifecycle: wigglesworthia glossinidia, sodalis glossinidius and wolbachia sp. we have studied 78 glossina morsitans submorsitans collected in senegal. in all studied flies we amplified genes of bacterium phylogenetically close to obligate intracellular pathogen rickettsia felis, the agent of spotted fever in humans. we also visu ... | 2012 | 22277830 |
| metabolic networks of sodalis glossinidius: a systems biology approach to reductive evolution. | genome reduction is a common evolutionary process affecting bacterial lineages that establish symbiotic or pathogenic associations with eukaryotic hosts. such associations yield highly reduced genomes with greatly streamlined metabolic abilities shaped by the type of ecological association with the host. sodalis glossinidius, the secondary endosymbiont of tsetse flies, represents one of the few complete genomes available of a bacterium at the initial stages of this process. in the present study, ... | 2012 | 22292008 |
| a new means to identify type 3 secreted effectors: functionally interchangeable class ib chaperones recognize a conserved sequence. | many gram-negative bacteria utilize specialized secretion systems to inject proteins (effectors) directly into host cells. little is known regarding how bacteria ensure that only small subsets of the thousands of proteins they encode are recognized as substrates of the secretion systems, limiting their identification through bioinformatic analyses. many of these proteins require chaperones to direct their secretion. here, using the newly described protein interaction platform assay, we demonstra ... | 2012 | 22334517 |
| expression and extracellular release of a functional anti-trypanosome nanobody® in sodalis glossinidius, a bacterial symbiont of the tsetse fly. | sodalis glossinidius, a gram-negative bacterial endosymbiont of the tsetse fly, has been proposed as a potential in vivo drug delivery vehicle to control trypanosome parasite development in the fly, an approach known as paratransgenesis. despite this interest of s. glossinidius as a paratransgenic platform organism in tsetse flies, few potential effector molecules have been identified so far and to date none of these molecules have been successfully expressed in this bacterium. | 2012 | 22335892 |
| tissue distribution and transmission routes for the tsetse fly endosymbionts. | the tsetse fly glossina is the vector of the protozoan trypanosoma brucei spp., which causes human and animal african trypanosomiasis in sub-saharan african countries. to supplement their unbalanced vertebrate bloodmeal diet, flies permanently harbor the obligate bacterium wigglesworthia glossinidia, which resides in bacteriocytes in the midgut bacteriome organ as well as in milk gland organ. tsetse flies also harbor the secondary facultative endosymbionts (s-symbiont) sodalis glossinidius that ... | 2013 | 22537833 |
| implications of microfauna-host interactions for trypanosome transmission dynamics in glossina fuscipes fuscipes in uganda. | tsetse flies (diptera: glossinidae) are vectors for african trypanosomes (euglenozoa: kinetoplastida), protozoan parasites that cause african trypanosomiasis in humans (hat) and nagana in livestock. in addition to trypanosomes, two symbiotic bacteria (wigglesworthia glossinidia and sodalis glossinidius) and two parasitic microbes, wolbachia and a salivary gland hypertrophy virus (sghv), have been described in tsetse. here we determined the prevalence of and coinfection dynamics between wolbachia ... | 2012 | 22544247 |
| candidatus sodalis melophagi sp. nov.: phylogenetically independent comparative model to the tsetse fly symbiont sodalis glossinidius. | bacteria of the genus sodalis live in symbiosis with various groups of insects. the best known member of this group, a secondary symbiont of tsetse flies sodalis glossinidius, has become one of the most important models in investigating establishment and evolution of insect-bacteria symbiosis. it represents a bacterium in the early/intermediate state of the transition towards symbiosis, which allows for exploring such interesting topics as: usage of secretory systems for entering the host cell, ... | 2012 | 22815743 |
| tsetse-wolbachia symbiosis: comes of age and has great potential for pest and disease control. | tsetse flies (diptera: glossinidae) are the sole vectors of african trypanosomes, the causative agent of sleeping sickness in human and nagana in animals. like most eukaryotic organisms, glossina species have established symbiotic associations with bacteria. three main symbiotic bacteria have been found in tsetse flies: wigglesworthia glossinidia, an obligate symbiotic bacterium, the secondary endosymbiont sodalis glossinidius and the reproductive symbiont wolbachia pipientis. in the present rev ... | 2012 | 22835476 |
| the bacterial flora of tsetse fly midgut and its effect on trypanosome transmission. | the tsetse fly, glossina palpalis is a vector of the trypanosome that causes sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in cattle along with associated human health problems and massive economic losses. the insect is also known to carry a number of symbionts such as sodalis, wigglesworthia, wolbachia whose effects on the physiology of the insect have been studied in depth. however, effects of other bacterial flora on the physiology of the host and vector competence have received little attention. ep ... | 2013 | 22841948 |
| intercommunity effects on microbiome and gpsghv density regulation in tsetse flies. | tsetse flies have a highly regulated and defined microbial fauna made of 3 bacterial symbionts (obligate wigglesworthia glossinidia, commensal sodalis glossinidius and parasitic wolbachia pipientis) in addition to a dna virus (glossina pallidipes salivary gland hypertrophy virus, gpsghv). it has been possible to rear flies in the absence of either wigglesworthia or in totally aposymbiotic state by dietary supplementation of tsetse's bloodmeal. in the absence of wigglesworthia, tsetse females are ... | 2012 | 22874746 |
| ompa-mediated biofilm formation is essential for the commensal bacterium sodalis glossinidius to colonize the tsetse fly gut. | many bacteria successfully colonize animals by forming protective biofilms. molecular processes that underlie the formation and function of biofilms in pathogenic bacteria are well characterized. in contrast, the relationship between biofilms and host colonization by symbiotic bacteria is less well understood. tsetse flies (glossina spp.) house 3 maternally transmitted symbionts, one of which is a commensal (sodalis glossinidius) found in several host tissues, including the gut. we determined th ... | 2012 | 22941073 |
| population dynamics of glossina palpalis gambiensis symbionts, sodalis glossinidius, and wigglesworthia glossinidia, throughout host-fly development. | the tsetse fly (diptera: glossinidae), the vector of trypanosomes causing human and animal trypanosomiasis, harbors symbiotic microorganisms including the primary symbiont wigglesworthia glossinidia, involved in the fly's nutrition and fertility, and the secondary symbiont sodalis glossinidius, involved in the trypanosome establishment in the fly's midgut. both symbionts are maternally transmitted to the intrauterine progeny through the fly's milk gland secretions. in this study, we investigated ... | 2013 | 23107774 |
| a novel human-infection-derived bacterium provides insights into the evolutionary origins of mutualistic insect-bacterial symbioses. | despite extensive study, little is known about the origins of the mutualistic bacterial endosymbionts that inhabit approximately 10% of the world's insects. in this study, we characterized a novel opportunistic human pathogen, designated "strain hs," and found that it is a close relative of the insect endosymbiont sodalis glossinidius. our results indicate that ancestral relatives of strain hs have served as progenitors for the independent descent of sodalis-allied endosymbionts found in several ... | 2012 | 23166503 |
| characterization of the achromobactin iron acquisition operon in sodalis glossinidius. | sodalis glossinidius is a facultative, extra- and intracellular symbiont found in most tissues of the tsetse fly (glossinia sp.). sodalis has a putative achromobactin siderophore iron acquisition system on the psg1 plasmid. reverse transcription (rt)-pcr analysis revealed that the achromobactin operon is transcribed as a single polycistronic molecule and is expressed when sodalis is within the tsetse fly. expression of the achromobactin operon was repressed under iron-replete conditions; in a mu ... | 2013 | 23435882 |
| evolutionary replacement of obligate symbionts in an ancient and diverse insect lineage. | many insect groups depend on ancient obligate symbioses with bacteria that undergo long-term genomic degradation due to inactivation and loss of ancestral genes. sap-feeding insects in the hemipteran suborder auchenorrhyncha show complex symbioses with at least two obligate bacterial symbionts, inhabiting specialized host cells (bacteriocytes). we explored the symbiotic relationships of the spittlebugs (auchenorrhyncha: cercopoidea) using phylogenetic and microscopy methods. results show that mo ... | 2013 | 23574391 |
| transgenerational transmission of the glossina pallidipes hytrosavirus depends on the presence of a functional symbiome. | the vertically transmitted endosymbionts (sodalis glossinidius and wigglesworthia glossinidia) of the tsetse fly (diptera: glossinidae) are known to supplement dietary deficiencies and modulate the reproductive fitness and the defense system of the fly. some tsetse fly species are also infected with the bacterium, wolbachia and with the glossina hytrosavirus (gpsghv). laboratory-bred g. pallidipes exhibit chronic asymptomatic and acute symptomatic gpsghv infection, with the former being the most ... | 2013 | 23613801 |
| interwoven biology of the tsetse holobiont. | microbial symbionts can be instrumental to the evolutionary success of their hosts. here, we discuss medically significant tsetse flies (diptera: glossinidae), a group comprised of over 30 species, and their use as a valuable model system to study the evolution of the holobiont (i.e., the host and associated microbes). we first describe the tsetse microbiota, which, despite its simplicity, harbors a diverse range of associations. the maternally transmitted microbes consistently include two gamma ... | 2013 | 23836873 |
| wolbachia, sodalis and trypanosome co-infections in natural populations of glossina austeni and glossina pallidipes. | tsetse flies harbor at least three bacterial symbionts: wigglesworthia glossinidia, wolbachia pipientis and sodalis glossinidius. wigglesworthia and sodalis reside in the gut in close association with trypanosomes and may influence establishment and development of midgut parasite infections. wolbachia has been shown to induce reproductive effects in infected tsetse. this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of these endosymbionts in natural populations of g. austeni and g. pallidipes ... | 2013 | 23924682 |
| microbial symbiosis and the control of vector-borne pathogens in tsetse flies, human lice, and triatomine bugs. | symbiosis is a widespread biological phenomenon, and is particularly common in arthropods. bloodsucking insects are among the organisms that rely on beneficial bacterial symbionts to complement their unbalanced diet. this review is focused on describing symbiosis, and possible strategies for the symbiont-based control of insects and insect-borne diseases, in three bloodsucking insects of medical importance: the flies of the genus glossina, the lice of the genus pediculus, and triatomine bugs of ... | 2013 | 24188239 |
| swapping symbionts in spittlebugs: evolutionary replacement of a reduced genome symbiont. | bacterial symbionts that undergo long-term maternal transmission experience elevated fixation of deleterious mutations, resulting in massive loss of genes and changes in gene sequences that appear to limit efficiency of gene products. potentially, this dwindling of symbiont functionality impacts hosts that depend on these bacteria for nutrition. one evolutionary escape route is the acquisition of a novel symbiont with a robust genome and metabolic capabilities. such an acquisition has occurred i ... | 2014 | 24401857 |
| the transcriptional signatures of sodalis glossinidius in the glossina palpalis gambiensis flies negative for trypanosoma brucei gambiense contrast with those of this symbiont in tsetse flies positive for the parasite: possible involvement of a sodalis-hosted prophage in fly trypanosoma refractoriness? | tsetse flies, such as glossina palpalis gambiensis, are blood-feeding insects that could be subverted as hosts of the parasite trypanosoma brucei gambiense: initiated in the tsetse fly mid gut, the developmental program of this parasite further proceeds in the salivary glands. the flies act as vectors of this human-invasive parasite when their salivary glands sustain the generation of metacyclic trypomastigotes, the exclusive morphotypes pre-programmed to further develop in the human individuals ... | 2014 | 24637266 |
| an investigation into the protein composition of the teneral glossina morsitans morsitans peritrophic matrix. | tsetse flies serve as biological vectors for several species of african trypanosomes. in order to survive, proliferate and establish a midgut infection, trypanosomes must cross the tsetse fly peritrophic matrix (pm), which is an acellular gut lining surrounding the blood meal. crossing of this multi-layered structure occurs at least twice during parasite migration and development, but the mechanism of how trypanosomes do so is not understood. in order to better comprehend the molecular events su ... | 2014 | 24763256 |
| presence of extensive wolbachia symbiont insertions discovered in the genome of its host glossina morsitans morsitans. | tsetse flies (glossina spp.) are the cyclical vectors of trypanosoma spp., which are unicellular parasites responsible for multiple diseases, including nagana in livestock and sleeping sickness in humans in africa. glossina species, including glossina morsitans morsitans (gmm), for which the whole genome sequence (wgs) is now available, have established symbiotic associations with three endosymbionts: wigglesworthia glossinidia, sodalis glossinidius and wolbachia pipientis (wolbachia). the prese ... | 2014 | 24763283 |
| identification of overexpressed genes in sodalis glossinidius inhabiting trypanosome-infected self-cured tsetse flies. | sodalis glossinidius, one of the three tsetse fly maternally inherited symbionts, was previously shown to favor fly infection by trypanosomes, the parasites causing human sleeping sickness. among a population of flies taking a trypanosome-infected blood meal, only a few individuals will acquire the parasite; the others will escape infection and be considered as refractory to trypanosome infection. the aim of the work was to investigate whether fly refractoriness could be associated with specific ... | 2014 | 24904565 |
| sodalis glossinidius prevalence and trypanosome presence in tsetse from luambe national park, zambia. | tsetse flies are the biological vectors of african trypanosomes, the causative agents of sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in animals. the tsetse endosymbiont sodalis glossinidius has been suggested to play a role in tsetse susceptibility to infection. here we investigate the prevalence of african trypanosomes within tsetse from the luambe national park, zambia and if there is an association between s. glossinidius and presence of trypanosomes within the tsetse examined. | 2014 | 25138709 |
| homoserine and quorum-sensing acyl homoserine lactones as alternative sources of threonine: a potential role for homoserine kinase in insect-stage trypanosoma brucei. | de novo synthesis of threonine from aspartate occurs via the β-aspartyl phosphate pathway in plants, bacteria and fungi. however, the trypanosoma brucei genome encodes only the last two steps in this pathway: homoserine kinase (hsk) and threonine synthase. here, we investigated the possible roles for this incomplete pathway through biochemical, genetic and nutritional studies. purified recombinant tbhsk specifically phosphorylates l-homoserine and displays kinetic properties similar to other hsk ... | 2015 | 25367138 |
| delivery of a functional anti-trypanosome nanobody in different tsetse fly tissues via a bacterial symbiont, sodalis glossinidius. | sodalis glossinidius, a vertically transmitted microbial symbiont of the tsetse fly, is currently considered as a potential delivery system for anti-trypanosomal components that reduce or eliminate the capability of the tsetse fly host to transmit parasitic trypanosomes, an approach also known as paratransgenesis. an essential step in developing paratransgenic tsetse is the stable colonization of adult flies and their progeny with recombinant sodalis bacteria, expressing trypanocidal effector mo ... | 2014 | 25376234 |
| infection with the secondary tsetse-endosymbiont sodalis glossinidius (enterobacteriales: enterobacteriaceae) influences parasitism in glossina pallidipes (diptera: glossinidae). | the establishment of infection with three trypanosoma spp (gruby) (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae), specifically trypanosoma brucei brucei (plimmer and bradford), t. b. rhodesiense (stephen and fatham) and t. congolense (broden) was evaluated in glossina pallidipes (austen) (diptera: glossinidae) that either harbored or were uninfected by the endosymbiont sodalis glossinidius (dale and maudlin) (enterobacteriales: enterobacteriaceae). temporal variation of co-infection with t. b. rhodesiense a ... | 2014 | 25527583 |
| a diverse range of bacterial and eukaryotic chitinases hydrolyzes the lacnac (galβ1-4glcnac) and lacdinac (galnacβ1-4glcnac) motifs found on vertebrate and insect cells. | there is emerging evidence that chitinases have additional functions beyond degrading environmental chitin, such as involvement in innate and acquired immune responses, tissue remodeling, fibrosis, and serving as virulence factors of bacterial pathogens. we have recently shown that both the human chitotriosidase and a chitinase from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium hydrolyze lacnac from galβ1-4glcnacβ-tetramethylrhodamine (lacnac-tmr (galβ1-4glcnacβ(ch2)8conh(ch2)2nhco-tmr)), a fluorescen ... | 2015 | 25561735 |
| tonb-dependent heme iron acquisition in the tsetse fly symbiont sodalis glossinidius. | sodalis glossinidius is an intra- and extracellular symbiont of the tsetse fly (glossina sp.), which feeds exclusively on vertebrate blood. s. glossinidius resides in a wide variety of tsetse tissues and may encounter environments that differ dramatically in iron content. the sodalis chromosome encodes a putative tonb-dependent outer membrane heme transporter (hemr) and a putative periplasmic/inner membrane abc heme permease system (hemtuv). because these gene products mediate iron acquisition p ... | 2015 | 25681181 |
| phenotypic characterization of sodalis praecaptivus sp. nov., a close non-insect-associated member of the sodalis-allied lineage of insect endosymbionts. | a gram-stain-negative bacterium, isolated from a human wound was previously found to share an unprecedentedly close relationship with sodalis glossinidius and other members of the sodalis-allied clade of insect symbionts. this relationship was inferred from sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene and genomic comparisons and suggested the strain belonged to a novel species. biochemical and genetic analyses supported this suggestion and demonstrated that the organism has a wide repertoire of metabo ... | 2015 | 25782768 |
| paternal transmission of a secondary symbiont during mating in the viviparous tsetse fly. | sodalis glossinidius, a maternally inherited secondary symbiont of the tsetse fly, is a bacterium in the early/intermediate state of the transition toward symbiosis, representing an important model for investigating establishment and evolution of insect-bacteria symbiosis. the absence of phylogenetic congruence in tsetse-sodalis coevolution and the existence of sodalis genotypic diversity in field flies are suggestive for a horizontal transmission route. however, to date no natural mechanism for ... | 2015 | 25851957 |
| biosynthesis of proline. | proline was among the last biosynthetic precursors to have its biosynthetic pathway unraveled. this review recapitulates the findings on the biosynthesis and transport of proline. glutamyl kinase (gk) catalyzes the atp-dependent phosphorylation of l-glutamic acid. purification of γ-gk from escherichia coli was facilitated by the expression of the prob and proa genes from a high-copy-number plasmid and the development of a specific coupled assay based on the nadph-dependent reduction of gp by γ-g ... | 2007 | 26443591 |
| use of the internal transcribed spacer (its) regions to examine symbiont divergence and as a diagnostic tool for sodalis-related bacteria. | bacteria excel in most ecological niches, including insect symbioses. a cluster of bacterial symbionts, established within a broad range of insects, share high 16s rrna similarities with the secondary symbiont of the tsetse fly (diptera: glossinidae), sodalis glossinidius. although 16s rrna has proven informative towards characterization of this clade, the gene is insufficient for examining recent divergence due to selective constraints. here, we assess the application of the internal transcribe ... | 2011 | 26467831 |
| technical data of the transcriptomic analysis performed on tsetse fly symbionts, sodalis glossinidius and wigglesworthia glossinidia, harbored, respectively by non-infected, trypanosoma brucei gambiense infected and self-cured glossina palpalis gambiensis tsetse flies. | microarray is a powerful and cheap method to identify and quantify gene expression in particular in a mix of total rna extracted from biological samples such as the tsetse fly gut, including several organisms (here, the fly tissue and the intestinal microorganisms). besides, biostatistics and bioinformatics allow comparing the transcriptomes from samples collected from differently treated flies, and thus to identify and quantify differential expressed genes. here, we describe in details a whole ... | 2015 | 26484198 |
| infection prevalence of sodalis symbionts among stinkbugs. | diverse insects and other organisms are associated with microbial symbionts, which often significantly contribute to growth and survival of their hosts and/or drastically affect phenotypes of their hosts in a variety of ways. sodalis glossinidius was first identified as a facultative bacterial symbiont of tsetse flies, and recent studies revealed that sodalis-allied bacteria encompass diverse ecological niches ranging from free-living bacteria through facultative symbionts to obligate symbionts ... | 2015 | 26605050 |
| the regulation of antimicrobial peptide resistance in the transition to insect symbiosis. | many bacteria utilize two-component systems consisting of a sensor kinase and a transcriptional response regulator to detect environmental signals and modulate gene expression for adaptation. the response regulator phop and its cognate sensor kinase phoq compose a two-component system known for its role in responding to low levels of mg(2+) , ca(2+) , ph and to the presence of antimicrobial peptides and activating the expression of genes involved in adaptation to host association. compared with ... | 2017 | 27987256 |