Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the influence of body weight on gas exchange in the air-breathing fish, clarias batrachus. | 1976 | 2441 | |
| digestive enzymes of three teleost fishes. | the activity of amylase, sucrase, protease and lipase has been examined in wallago attu, clarias batrachus and labeo rohita. the optimum ph value for carbohydrases ranges from 5.0 to 7.0 and that for trypsin between ph 6.8 and 7.8. lipase is active at a slightly more alkaline medium. the optimum ph for a given enzyme varies in different sections of the alimentary canal of the same fish and also from species to species. variations are also found in the optimum substrate concentration for a given ... | 1975 | 14477 |
| on the similarity between the corticotrophs and pars intermedia cells in a teleost fish (clarias batrachus). | 1975 | 47296 | |
| role of l-thyroxine, hydrocortisone and progesterone in regulation of blood volume in a fresh-water air-breathing fish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | effect of hormones on the blood volume of clarias batrachus were ascertained and it was observed l-thyroxine and progesterone decrease, while hydrocortisone increases the total and relative blood volumes. the ratio of plasma to corpuscular volume is increased by the intraperitoneal injection of l-thyroxine, hydrocortisone and progesterone (higher dose only), thus indicating the regulation of blood volume under the complex control of homeostasis. | 2000 | 85575 |
| functional cytology of the pituitary gland of the teleost clarias batrachus (l.). | the rpd (rostral pars distalis) is formed of two cell types. the erythrosinophilic acidophils were hypertrophied in response to ammonium sulphate treatment and dark background adaptation. the response to former may be due to osmoregulatory involvement. the pbh positive corticotrophs were markedly hypertrophied and degranulated in response to metopirone and ammonium sulphate treatments. they were moderately activated in the dark and white background adapted fish. the ppd (proximal pars distalis) ... | 1979 | 89028 |
| effect of a new oral antidiabetic drug hb 419 (glibenclamide) on the plasma glucose & islet histology of two poikilotherms: clarias batrachus & uromastix hardwicki. | 1979 | 121105 | |
| histochemistry and the functional organization of the skin of a "live-fish" clarias batrachus (linn.) (clariidae, pisces). | 1976 | 132620 | |
| histochemical localization of acid mucopolysaccharide in the respiratory muscles of a fresh-water air-breathing siluroid fish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | respiratory muscles involved in gill ventilation (= irrigation) of an amphibious siluroid fish, clarias batrachus (linn.) were studied by phase contrast and light microscopy after the treatment with pas. alcian blue at ph 2.5 and 1.0, dialyzed iron and toludine blue. the transverse muscle bands lightly stained with pas, alcian blue at ph 2.5 and 1.0 and dialyzed iron suggesting that the mucopolysaccharide occured in relatively low concentrations. phase contrast microscopy indicated that the tran ... | 1976 | 145107 |
| an enzymecytochemical study on the adrenal of the freshwater teleost, clarias batrachus (l.). | the adrenal homologue of c. batrachus is distributed around the postcardinal vein in the pronephric head kidney. the cortical cells are round or oval in shape. they showed positive reaction for total lipid, glycogen and ascorbic acid. their intense delta5-3beta hsdh activity indicates their capacity for steroid biosynthesis. in addition, the cortical cells of c. batrachus exhibited strong g-6-pd, nadph diaphorase, nadh diaphorase, mao and weak sdh and ldh activity. the presence of mao suggests t ... | 1983 | 217796 |
| a micromorphological and histoenzymological study on the third ventricular ependyma of the teleost clarias batrachus (l.). | the circum ventricular region of c. batrachus is highly vascular and the ependymal cells appear differently when stained with haematoxylin, silver impregnation and golgi-cox techniques. the ventricule has pas and af positive material and some ependymal cells themselves are pas positive. few af positive peptidergic and several af negative small neurons have liquor contacting terminals. golgi-cox preparations reveal a variety of forms among the tanycytes. their basal processes which are barbed or ... | 1978 | 219633 |
| a histoenzymological study of the saccus vasculosus of the freshwater teleost, clarias batrachus (l.). | the saccus vasculosus (sv) of c. batrachus is comparatively small and situated latero-dorsal to the pituitary in between the lobi inferiores. it is in open communication with the third ventricle and is made up of coronet and supporting glial cells with interspersed liquor contacting neurons. these cellular constituents are arranged in one to three layers which are not thrown into folds. the pas positive nature of the apical part of some coronet cells and their continuation with the pas and af po ... | 1979 | 231344 |
| effect of hypophysectomy on blood glucose and liver glycogen concentrations in indian catfish, clarias batrachus. | 2017 | 467392 | |
| ecophysiology of fishes: effect of starvation on blood urea levels of freshwater catfish clarias batrachus. | 1979 | 473937 | |
| seasonal changes in cholesterol content of the muscle of the cat-fish clarias batrachus l. | 1979 | 478590 | |
| influence of diet on the total blood and liver cholesterol levels of the catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | 1979 | 500153 | |
| toxicity of cadmium: a comparative study in the air-breathing fish, clarias batrachus (linn.) & in the non air-breathing one, tilapia mossumbica (peters). | 1978 | 571409 | |
| nuclear blebs in oocytes of the fish clarias batrachus. | large nuclear blebs have been observed in oocytes of the fish, clarias batrachus. the bleb, which contains nucleoplasm, is finally extruded from the nucleus. the extruded body is dnase-sensitive, and it implies that some amount of dna is extruded from the nucleus of these oocytes. | 1979 | 573209 |
| histo-physiological studies on the interrenal gland of a catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | the effects of three drugs namely, reserpine, atropine, and adrenaline have been investigated on the interrenal gland of clarias batrachus. all the drugs bring about lesser or greater degree of hypertrophy in the interrenal gland of this fish. atropine exhibits more vigorous effect than reserpine and adrenaline. | 1977 | 616680 |
| malathion toxicity & impairment of drug metabolism in liver & gills of the catfish clarias batrachus (linn.) | 1978 | 700796 | |
| anatomical identification of the presumed electroreceptors of two air breathing catfishes, clarias batrachus and heteropneustes fossilis. | histological preparations for light microscopy have revealed for the first time the structure of the electrorecoptor of clarias batrachus and heteropneustes fossilis, the 2 indian air-breathing catfishes. these sensory organs are found to resemble the ampullary organs of many weakly electric and nonelectric electroreceptive teleost. | 1978 | 738415 |
| transitory colour-change mechanism in a fresh-water teleost, clarias batrachus (l). | the rate of colour change in the fish clarias batrachus (l.) has been studied as a response from black to white background and vice versa. the 'derived ostwald index (d.o.i.)' method proposed by healey (1967) has been used to measure the melanophore responses of the fish. observations show that the fish is quite sensitive to background responses. the rate of colour change is fast. the colour change is quite rapid in both, the paling and the darkening experiments in the beginning as compared to t ... | 1978 | 751681 |
| histopathological effects of glucagon in a fresh water teleost clarias batrachus l.: part 1--the endocrine, pancreas, blood glucose and tissue glycogen. | 1976 | 791855 | |
| histopathology of the endocrine pancreas of a fresh-water fish, clarias batrachus l. vii. effects of hydrocortisone and thyroxine administration. | hydrocortisone treatment caused a hyperglycaemic state in clarias batrachus within an hour. the blood glucose values remained significantly increased for 6 days. an initial increase in liver glycogen was followed by a decrease below the normal value. the muscle and brain glycogen levels remained unaffected. a mild degranulation of b cells was seen in the early hours and a conspicuous vacuolation and necrosis of both a and b cells appeared 72-96 h after treatment. administration of thyroxine resu ... | 1976 | 793263 |
| histopathology of the endocrine pancreas of a fresh-water fish, clarias batrachus (l.) ix: effect of the new antidiabetic drug, glibenclamide (hb 419). | oral administration of glibenclamide, the new antidiabetic drug, caused hypoglycemia in clarias batrachus. the effect was maximal at 15 hours, when some fish had practically no sugar in their plasma. the hypoglycemic effect was insignificant in partially-pancreatectomized fish, indicating that the drug potentiated the effect of insulin in such animals. in fasting normal fish, the drug provoked an increase in the liver glycogen contents while in the diabetic animals, a reverse condition occurred. ... | 1975 | 808974 |
| a histochemical study of the mucous cells in the bucco-pharyngeal region of four indian freshwater fishes in relation to their origin, development, occurrence and probable functions. | observations on the origin, development and occurrence of mucous cells in the bucco-pharyngeal region of labeo rohita (ham.), cirrhinus mrigala (ham.), catla catla (ham.) and clarias batrachus (linn.) have been made histochemically, by pas technique. the mucous cells have been found to develop from ordinary epithelial cells of the stratum malpighii which is situated immediately above the basement membrane. the different stages in the development of mucous cells are: 1. formation stage: some of t ... | 1975 | 811054 |
| comparative histochemical study of the succinic dehydrogenase (sdh) activity in the respiratory muscles of an air-breathing siluroid fish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | 1. funcitonal morphology including origin, insertion, innervation and action of the respiratory muscles in relation to the respiratory pumps and the movement of barbels and gill filaments have been studied in a fresh-water air-breathing siluroid fish, clarias batrachus (linn.). 2. cytochemical studies were made on the succinic dehydrogenase (sdh) activity of:--abductor hyomandibularis, adductor arcus palatini, adductor hyomandibularis, adductor mandibularis, intermandibularis anterior and poster ... | 1977 | 869214 |
| studies on ecophysiology of fish parasites: effect of trypanosome infection on the serum cholesterol levels of fishes. | serum cholesterol levels of six species of fresh water fishes were lowered due to trypanosome infection. the percentage of infection in the different species of hosts ranged from 3.27% in clarias batrachus to 16.66% in wallago attu. loss in serum cholesterol level was highest (42.39%) in the spiny eel mastocembelus armotus and lowest in the carp cirrhina mrigala (4.56%). thus hypocholesterolemia was evidently caused in the fishes by trypanosomes. | 1977 | 906626 |
| cyclic changes in serum cholesterol levels of fresh water cat fish clarias batrachus. | 1976 | 952092 | |
| monoamine oxidase localization in the ependyma and infundibular recess in the catfish clarias batrachus and its probable significance. | the presence of monoamine oxidase (mao) in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and mao positive tracts bridging the csf and the subependyma strongly suggest the involvement of csf in the neuroendocrine control of hypophysial function. | 1976 | 954995 |
| karyometric studies of the nucleus preopticus in fish (clarias batrachus) and toad (bufo andersonii). | with the object of investigating the so called 'feedback' mechanism, whereby hormones from the various endocrine glands influence the hypothalamus in its regulation of the hypophysial tropic hormones, the activity of the nucleus preopticus (npo) has been studied by means of karyometry under experimental conditions to understand the endocrine nature of the hypothalamic nuclei. (1) oestrogen and testosterone propionate caused an increase in nuclear volume of the npo cells, which is related to the ... | 1976 | 961352 |
| liver phospholipid distribution in hypophysectomized catfish, clarias batrachus and heteropneustes fossilis. | the percentage of certain phospholipid fractions such as phosphatylcholine, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol was more in the liver of clarias batrachus than that of the corresponding fractions in heteropneustes fossilis. hypophysectomy in both the species resulted in an increase in phosphatidylcholine, but reduction in other fractions. the phosphatidylinositol however, remained unchanged in c. batrachus, but it disappeared in h. fossilis as a result of hypophysectomy. | 1976 | 976211 |
| acetylcholine content of the brain and visceral organs of the teleostean fish; heteropneustes fossilis and clarias batrachus. | the acetylcholine content of various organs of two teleostean fish, heteropneustes fossilis and clarias batrachus has been estimated biologically on the eserinized frog rectus muscle. the acetylcholine content in the stomach of both the fish was 0.341 and 0.22 mug/g, respectively. values were lower than those of other parts of the alimentary tract. the ilia contained the most acetylcholine, being 0.644 and 0.551 mug/g respectively, for the two fish. in the brain, heart, kidney and liver of both ... | 2013 | 977088 |
| distribution of monoamine oxidase (mao) in relation to the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system of the teleost clarias batrachus (l.). | varying degrees of monoamine oxidase (mao) activity were noticed all along the hypothalamo-hypophyseal neurosecretory tract in c. batrachus. intense activity was evident on the wall of the secretory cells of the adenohypophysis, neurons of the nucleus preopticus (npo) and nucleus lateralis tuberis (nlt). however, mao activity was also observed in the cytoplasm of some neurons in the ventromedian region of the nlt and groups of cells present in the neurohypophyseal ramifications of the pars inter ... | 1976 | 978196 |
| tannic acid induced hepatic injury in clarias batrachus. | the effect of intraperitoneal administration of an aqueous solution of tannic acid was examined after different intervals of time. the results showed a gradual and progressive destruction of the liver cells and transformation of its architecture. the histological signs of liver damage appeared 2 hrs after the intoxication. mild necrosis at periphery was noted even after 1 hour. after 2 hrs hepatocytes were swollen and sinusoids were contracted. these changes became more pronounced after 12 hrs a ... | 1976 | 984432 |
| thyroid hormone synthesis by pharyngeal & head kidney cell-free preparation from a teleost fish clarias batrachus l. | 1976 | 992759 | |
| histochemical localization of lipid in the respiratory muscles of a fresh water air-breathing siluroid fish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | the histochemical localization of lipids in the respiratory muscles of clarias batrachus (linn.) has been studied. the muscles innervated by the facialis (viith) nerve contain more lipid than those innervated by the trigeminal (vth). the muscles directly concerned with the opercular suction pumps (inferior and superior hyohyoideus, adductor, levator and dilator operculi) have more lipids and suggest their sustained role in the maintainance of efficiency of the opercular suction pumps. the retrac ... | 1976 | 1023556 |
| studies on the development of endocrine glands in fishes. i. development of the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system in clarias batrachus l. | 1976 | 1031508 | |
| oxygen uptake capacity of gills and skin in relation to body weight of the air-breathing siluroid fish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | oxygen consumption through gills and skin in relation to body weight was estimated in the air-breathing catfish, clarias batrachus, under two experimental conditions, viz., (i) when access to air was allowed and (ii) when air-breathing was prevented. there was a positive correlation between vo2 (ml/hr) and body weight in both experimental conditions. oxygen consumption (ml/hr) increased by a power of 0.869 when access to air was allowed whereas the power was slightly less (b = 0.841) when air-br ... | 1976 | 1032249 |
| histopathology of the endocrine pancreas of a fresh-water fish, clarias batrachus (l.). v. effect of epinephrine administration. | intramuscular administration of epinephrine in 2 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg body weight doses to clarias batrachus caused significant hyperglycemia between 12 and 18 h after treatment. the hormone produced a small decrease in the liver glycogen, but induced a notable fall in the glycogen of muscles and a transient increase in the brain glycogen. light-microscopical examination of the pancreatic islets revealed degranulation and vacuolization of the beta-cells accompanied by acute necrosis. damage to the ... | 1975 | 1108583 |
| histamine content of the digestive tract of a catfish clarias batrachus (linn.) in relation to spawning, sex and seasonal variation. | histamine content of the digestive tract of a catfish clarias batrachus has been estimated biologically on the atropinized guineapig ileum. a significant decrease of histamine content has been observed with the decrease of gonosomatic index (g.s.i.) during breeding season in female fishes, while no such type of change in histamine content of male fishes during breeding season has been noted. in the summer histamine content of both the sexes was signivicantly lowered in comparison with the histam ... | 1975 | 1158436 |
| antagonistic response of chlorpromazine and formalin in effecting quantitative changes in the neurosecretory material in the teleost clarias batrachus (l.). | the hypothalamoneurohypophysial complex of clarias batrachus maintains an appreciable quantity of neurosecretory material (nsm) under normal conditions. stress caused by the injection of formalin depletes 70-90% of the stainable nsm from all the component parts of the neurosecretory system, namely the nucleus preopticus (npo) the neurosecretory tract, and the neurohypophysis. formalin apparently releases the nsm and stimulates the neurons of the npo. chlorpromazine (cpz) treatment seems to cause ... | 1975 | 1189890 |
| changes in the kidney peroxidase activity in fish exposed to some industrial pollutants. | fish under abnormal environmental conditions suffer from retarded growth and other physiological dysfunctions related to thyroxine deficiency. in teleosts lacking a definite thyroid gland the kidney plays a very important role in biosynthesis of the thyroidal hormone, in which peroxidase has an indirect action. effects of some industrial pollutants and factory effluents on fish kidney peroxidase activity were recorded in ophicephalus punctatus and clarias batrachus. at concentrations of the poll ... | 1975 | 1193043 |
| toxic effects of endrin on hepatopancreas of the teleost fish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | 1975 | 1193698 | |
| effect of feeding, spawning & size on chemical constituents of the blood plasma of clarias batrachus (linn.). | 1975 | 1193705 | |
| alcohol inhibition of formalin induced depletion of neurosecretory material in the teleost clarias batrachus (l). | in the normal c. batrachus a fair amount of stainable neurosecretory material (nsm) is always present in all the component parts of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial (hn) complex. when formalin was injected intraperitoneally 70 to 90% of the nsm was depleted from the hn complex. when ethyl alcohol was administered immediately after formalin treatment, the depletion of nsm was inhibited, and their staining intensity could be compared with those of untreated controls. | 1975 | 1222734 |
| effect of electrical stimulation of the olfactory tract and the caudal spinal cord on the dahlgren cells in clarias batrachus l. | electrical stimuli applied to the olfactory tract for one minute caused partial depletion, but for two to five minutes resulted in complete depletion of the neurosecretory material (nsm) from the dahlgren cells as well as from the urophysis. however, if similar stimuli were directly applied to the caudal spinal cord for one minute, the nsm was completely depleted. the neurosecretory granules were reaccumulated in the neurons within fifteen minutes after the stimuli were cut of a rapid depletion ... | 1975 | 1229240 |
| histomorphological observations on the liver in some freshwater teleosts. | histomorphology of liver is studied in six species of teleost viz., heteropneustes fossilis, clarias batrachus, puntius ticto, danio malabaricus, nandus nandus, chana punctatus. the liver is a bilobed structure usually reddish brown in colour. there are accessory liver lobes in h. fossolis and c. batrachus. the histological examination shows compact mass of oval or polygonel hepatocytes, blood sinusoids and reticuloendothelial cells. in addition several patches of pigmented hepatocytes are also ... | 1975 | 1234395 |
| studies on the development of endocrine glands in fishes. v. development of the thyroid gland in two species of teleosts. | in channa punctatus the thyroid anlage is seen 40 h after hatching and is recognized as cells aggregating in the form of follicles with no colloid. during subsequent stages of development the thyroid follicles increase in number and in 5 days old larva an active division of cells and many follicles in the form of epithelial cords are seen. in 2 months old juvenile fish several thyroid follicles and lymphatic vessels are seen enclosed by connective tissue capsule. in clarias batrachus the thyroid ... | 1976 | 1278657 |
| effect of urea exposure on the hematological parameters of clarias batrachus. | 1992 | 1280582 | |
| fmrfamide-like immunoreactive nervus terminalis innervation to the pituitary in the catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.): demonstration by lesion and immunocytochemical techniques. | certain thick fmrfamide-like immunoreactive fibers arising from the ganglion cells of nervus terminalis in the olfactory bulb of clarias batrachus can be traced centripetally through the medial olfactory tract, telencephalon, lateral preoptic area, tuberal area, and hypothalamohypophysial tract to the pituitary. following 6 days of bilateral olfactory tract transection, the immunoreactivity in the thick fibers, caudal to the lesion site, was partially eliminated, whereas after 10 and 14 days, it ... | 1992 | 1348715 |
| distribution of fmrfamide-like immunoreactivity in the forebrain of the catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | the anatomical distribution of fmrfamide-like immunoreactivity in the forebrain and pituitary of the catfish, clarias batrachus, was investigated. immunoreactive cells were observed in the ganglion cells of the nervus terminalis (nt) and in the medial olfactory tracts. in the preoptic area, fmrfamide-containing perikarya were restricted to the lateral preoptic area, paraventricular subdivision of the nucleus preopticus, nucleus suprachiasmaticus and nucleus preopticus periventricularis posterior ... | 2006 | 1352401 |
| in vitro effects of divalent metal ions and metabolic modulators on purified glutamine synthetase from brain of teleostean fish. | the purified brain glutamine synthetase of a teleostean fish, clarias batrachus has been examined under the influence of divalent metal ions activation and in vitro studies using different amino acids and metabolic modulators. all observations of the enzyme activity are based on transferase reaction at optimum temperature and ph. the enzyme exhibits an absolute requirement for mn2+ (most potent) mg2+ and co2+. the activity is markedly inhibited by leucine, asparagine, isoleucine, carbamyl phosph ... | 1995 | 1382667 |
| thyroid physiology impairment by malathion in the freshwater catfish clarias batrachus. | effects of malathion on serum and glandular thyroxine (t4), triiodothyronine (t3), the t3/t4 ratio, peroxidase activity, and extrathyroidal conversion of t4 to t3 have been studied in the freshwater catfish clarias batrachus during the prespawning and spawning phases of its annual reproductive cycle. malathion inhibited t4 secretion in the kidney, but accelerated t4 synthesis in the pharyngeal thyroid. this pesticide also inhibited the extrathyroidal conversion of t4 to t3 in serum during both t ... | 1992 | 1385075 |
| effect of endosulfan (thiodan) on vitellogenesis and its modulation by different hormones in the vitellogenic catfish clarias batrachus. | this programme was planned in order to study the reproductive dysfunction caused by endosulfan in the fish clarias batrachus with special reference to vitellogenesis. vitellogenin was measured by radioimmunoassay. endosulfan caused a drastic reduction in the plasma vitellogenin which was partially reversed by estradiol-17 beta (e2) in intact and ovariectomized fish. hormones in combination were more effective than any single hormone in overcoming the impact of endosulfan. triiodothyronine (t3), ... | 1992 | 1455428 |
| oocyte maturation in clarias batrachus: in vitro effect of various gonadotropins and homologous pituitary homogenate. | the effects of five different gonadotropins and homologous pituitary homogenate (hp) on germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd) were investigated in vitro using folliculated oocytes of clarias batrachus. among all the gonadotropins, salmon gonadotropin (sg-g100) was the most potent in vitro inducer of oocyte maturation. at concentrations of 1, 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 microgram/ml it induced 86.98 +/- 2.71, 68.74 +/- 2.85, 44.56 +/- 1.75 and 25.90 +/- 2.36% gvbd. next to sg-g100 in inducing gvbd was lutein ... | 1992 | 1512031 |
| relative toxicity of aldrin, fenvalerate, captan and diazinon to the freshwater food-fish, clarias batrachus. | the median lethal concentrations (lc50s) of aldrin, fenvalerate, captan and diazinon were determined for clarias batrachus by trimmed spearman-karber method. the potency ratios of toxicity among them were analysed by parallel-line bioassay with quantal responses. the lc50s for 40 day of exposure of aldrin, fenvalerate, captan and diazinon were 0.00036, 0.0094, 0.5473 and 2.4186 ppm respectively. these values were lower than those obtained for an exposure of 96 hour. it shows the greater toxicity ... | 1992 | 1586464 |
| pesticides induced changes in circulating thyroid hormones in the freshwater catfish clarias batrachus. | 1. effects of endosulfan, malathion and carbaryl on circulating t4, t3 and t3/t4 ratio in the freshwater catfish, c. batrachus have been studied during reproductively active phases, i.e. vitellogenic and post-vitellogenic phases of its annual reproductive cycle. 2. endosulfan provoked a significant increase in t4 and a decrease in t3 as well as the t3/t4 ratio. 3. malathion decreased t3 and t3/t4 ratio without altering the level of t4 in circulation. 4. carbaryl caused a decline in the level of ... | 1991 | 1677838 |
| outer membrane protein profiles of edwardsiella ictaluri from fish. | outer membrane proteins (omp) prepared with sodium n-lauroyl sarcocinate (sls) from 33 edwardsiella ictaluri isolates from fish were examined by electrophoresis. twenty-eight isolates from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) had similar omp profiles. ten bands (71 kilodaltons [kd] to 19.5 kd) were identified in all isolates from channel catfish. one major 35-kd protein comprised most of the protein content of the outer membrane of isolates from channel catfish. differences existed among isolat ... | 1990 | 1689127 |
| kinetic characterization and regulation of purified glutamine synthetase from brain of clarias batrachus. | glutamine synthetase (gs) from brain of clarias batrachus is purified to about 42-fold and characterized at optimum ph and temperature with respect to its kinetic parameters. values for apparent michaelis constant of the enzyme for l-glutamine, hydroxylamine and adp are 50, 62.5 and 0.833 mm respectively. the very low apparent km for adp may be specially related to the expression of gs action under high energy bond and also be evidenced by the requirement of enzyme for a high ionic strength of t ... | 1990 | 1692700 |
| the intrinsic organization of the nucleus preopticus in the catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | the organization of magnocellular neurons of the nucleus preopticus (npo) of the catfisch, clarias batrachus is described with the help of nissl and aldehyde fuchsin stains and rapid golgi technique. the npo consists of a bilaterally located paraventricular group (pv) on either side of the preoptic recess and a supraoptic group (so) dorsal to the optic tract. the pv shows a vertical laminar arrangement--smaller cells located adjacent to the ependyma and larger ones farther away. on the basis of ... | 1990 | 1694195 |
| purification and properties of liver arginase from teleostean fish clarias batrachus (l.). | liver arginase of clarias batrachus has been purified to 56.3-fold employing ammonium sulphate fraction, deae-cellulose and cm-cellulose chromatography. bidirectional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis shows the presence of two isoenzymes of arginase. the enzyme has a molecular weight of about 87,000 and km 15.38 mm for l-arginine, optimum ph 9.5 and temperature 37 degrees c. ornithine and leucine as competitive whereas valine and isoleucine act as non-competitive inhibitors with respect to l-ar ... | 1990 | 1705780 |
| cytoarchitectonic pattern of the hypothalamus in the catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | the hypothalamus of the catfish, clarias batrachus has been investigated to reveal the organization of various parvocellular (aldehyde fuchsin-negative) nuclear complexes and to suggest homologies. the hypothalamus of c. batrachus can be divided into the preoptic area, postoptic area, tuberal area and the laterally placed inferior lobes. application of cytoarchitectonic criteria permits the delineation of 9 distinct nuclear complexes in the preoptic area extending along the periventricular margi ... | 1991 | 1723419 |
| dichlorvos-induced histoarchitectural changes in the oocytes of a freshwater fish. | the common edible air-breathing catfish clarias batrachus was exposed to lethal and sublethal concentrations of the organophosphorus insecticide dichlorvos. this produced significant cytoarchitectural changes in the oocytes, including pronounced vacuolation, degeneration and deformation. clumping of the cytoplasm and karyohypertrophy were also evident and rupture of the cell wall, with extrusion of the cytoplasm and the nuclei, was observed. | 2007 | 1793995 |
| circadian variations in circulating plasma sex steroids in female catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | estradiol (e2) and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17 alpha-ohp) levels exhibited significant circadian rhythms in the prespawning phase of the reproductive cycle. pattern of rhythm was unimodal. whereas, in the spawning phase e2 levels did not show significant fluctuations in their daily cycle whereas 17 alpha-ohp levels showed significant rhythm (p less than 0.001). amplitude of rhythm of e2 was greater in prespawning phase while 17 alpha-ohp showed greater amplitude in spawning phase. | 1991 | 1794871 |
| carbaryl-induced thyroid dysfunction in the freshwater catfish clarias batrachus. | freshwater female catfish, clarias batrachus, were exposed to sublethal concentrations of carbaryl (12 mg/liter for 96 hr and 5 mg/liter for 16 days) during the prespawning and spawning phases of their annual reproductive cycle. the effects on the levels of thyroxine (t4) and triiodothyronine (t3), the t3/t4 ratio, and the extrathyroidal conversion of t4 to t3 were studied in serum, pharyngeal thyroid, and anterior and posterior kidney. carbaryl exposure for 96 hr suppressed t4 but elevated t3 a ... | 1991 | 1907904 |
| changes in adrenocortical-pituitary activity in the catfish, clarias batrachus (l.), after mercury treatment. | the toxic effects of mercuric chloride (hgcl2), emisan 6 (a methoxy-ethyl mercury fungicide), and methyl mercuric chloride (ch3hgcl) on the adrenocortical-pituitary activity of the catfish were investigated after 45, 90, and 180 days of exposure. the adrenocortical cells were highly stimulated in the 90-day hgcl2 group and became hyperplastic in the 180-day group. these cells were active in the 90-day emisan 6 group, with the infiltration of lymphocytes and fibrosis in the 180-day group. in the ... | 1991 | 1914994 |
| effect of endosulfan on thyroid physiology in the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus. | effects of endosulfan on thyroid physiology have been studied in the female freshwater catfish. clarias batrachus during the pre-spawning and spawning phases of its annual reproductive cycle. effects of endosulfan varied with the length (96 h and 16 days) of exposure, reproductive status of the fish and organ. the 96-h endosulfan exposure significantly increased the level of thyroxine (t4) in serum and pharyngeal thyroid follicles concurrent with induction of peroxidase activity. however, triiod ... | 1991 | 2031252 |
| ammonia metabolism in freshwater teleost, clarias batrachus (linn.) on exposure to trichlorfon. | 1991 | 2039871 | |
| changes in hypothalamic catecholamine levels in relation to season, ovariectomy, and 17 beta-estradiol replacement in the catfish, clarias batrachus (l.). | in female clarias batrachus, hypothalamic levels of noradrenaline (na) and dopamine (da) exhibited seasonal changes during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle. the na level was high during gonadal recrudescence (prespawning and spawning phases) and low during gonadal quiescence (postspawning and resting phases). a reverse trend was noticed in the da level. after 3 weeks of ovariectomy (ovx), the catecholamine (ca) levels were elevated significantly in the preparatory, prespawning, ... | 1990 | 2073997 |
| effect of lead, zinc, mercury, and copper with and without estrogen on serum vitellogenin level in magur fish (clarias batrachus l.). | injection(s) of lead, zinc, and mercuric acetate decreased the serum vitellogenin content in magur fish, while cupric acetate failed to cause any change in the vitellogenin level. estrogen injections on 7th, 8th and 9th d increased the serum vitellogenin level in normal and copper salt treated fish, but were totally ineffective in altering the reduced vitellogenin content in lead, zinc, and mercury salts treated fish. vitellogenin level almost restored to normal level at 6 week in lead, zinc, an ... | 2007 | 2099309 |
| enzymatic and ultrastructural studies in a freshwater catfish: impact of methyl parathion. | exposure to a sublethal concentration of methyl parathion (mep) reduced the activity of cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase by 30 to 49% in the liver and the skeletal muscle of the freshwater catfish. clarias batrachus, after 7 days. the activities then began to recover and reached the control levels on the 28th day of mep exposure. a complete recovery occurred on the 7th day when mep was withdrawn from the medium after an exposure for ... | 1990 | 2099789 |
| evaluation of hematotoxic effects of two commonly used fertilizers, diammonium phosphate and urea, on fish clarias batrachus. | the effects of two commonly used fertilizers, diammonium phosphate and urea, on hematological parameters (hemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit, and total leucocyte count) of fresh water fish clarias batrachus were studied. the toxic effect of diammonium phosphate was more pronounced than that of urea. the toxic effect of diammonium phosphate resulted in a sudden fall of hematological parameters--hb, rbc count, hct--at higher concentrations, and at lower concentrations gradual decreases w ... | 1990 | 2159873 |
| bioaccumulation of nickel and vanadium in tissues of the catfish clarias batrachus. | bioaccumulation of nickel and vanadium in the tissues of the liver, kidney, gill, and intestine has been studied following 4 days and 30 days of exposure at sublethal concentrations of nickel and vanadium compounds in the catfish clarias batrachus. nickel and vanadium have been found to accumulate in all four tissues observed. high concentrations of nickel and vanadium have been found in the order kidney greater than gill greater than liver greater than intestine during the 4 days and 30 days tr ... | 1990 | 2329343 |
| malate and lactate dehydrogenases of a freshwater catfish: impact of endosulfan. | a sublethal concentration of technical grade endosulfan (end) inhibited 35 to 55% of the activities of cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase (cmdh), mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mmdh), and lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) in the liver and the skeletal muscle of a freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus, after 7 days of exposure. the activity remained in the inhibited state up to 28 days. the withdrawal of end from the medium after 1 week of exposure gradually restored the activities to control levels ... | 1990 | 2331326 |
| effect of quinalphos, organophosphorus insecticide, on testicular steroidogenesis in fish, clarias batrachus. | 1990 | 2354263 | |
| changes in brain monoamine levels and monoamine oxidase activity in the catfish, clarias batrachus, during chronic treatments with mercurials. | 1990 | 2383687 | |
| hg (ii)-induced changes in some biochemical parameters in the freshwater fish clarias batrachus. | the data on the effect of hg(ii) on changes of biochemical parameters in the freshwater fish, clarias batrachus l. showed an increased protein content in the liver, kidney, stomach, intestine, testis and ovary, and a decreased content of it in the muscle over control data. a decrease in dna, rna and dry weight and an increase in free amino acids, tissue permeability and the activities of protease and rnase were recorded in all the organs by the treatment with hg(ii). in general, the effect of hg ... | 1986 | 2422672 |
| in vivo modification of fatty acids and glycerides metabolism in response to 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane and cythion exposure in the catfish, clarias batrachus. | specimens of either sex of the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus, were exposed to safe and sublethal concentrations of gamma-bhc (2 and 8 ppm) and cythion (1 and 4 ppm) for 4 weeks during different phases of annual reproductive cycle. their effects on free fatty acids (ffa) and acyl glycerides, viz., monoglycerides (mg), diglycerides (dg), and triglycerides (tg), were studied in liver, plasma, gonads, and muscle. during the preparatory phase, both pesticides suppressed the levels of ffa and ... | 1986 | 2424710 |
| evaluation of toxicity limit and sex hormone production in response to cythion and bhc in the vitellogenic catfish clarias batrachus. | the impact of cythion (organophosphorous) and bhc (organochlorine) on survival and the effects of their sublethal concentrations on plasma levels of testosterone, estradiol-17 beta, and estrone were assessed in the female catfish clarias batrachus. initial median lethal concentrations [lc(i)50] for 96 hr of exposure to cythion and bhc were recorded as 12 and 16 ppm, respectively. their sublethal concentrations (sl) for the same period of exposure were 7 and 12 ppm. the 96-hr safe concentration ( ... | 1987 | 2436905 |
| gamma-bhc- and cythion-induced alterations in lipid metabolism in a freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus, during different phases of its annual reproductive cycle. | specimens of either sex of the freshwater catfish clarias batrachus were exposed to safe and sublethal concentrations of gamma-bhc (2 and 8 ppm) and cythion (1 and 4 ppm) for 4 weeks during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle. their effects on various lipid fractions, viz., triglycerides (tg), phospholipids, free cholesterol, and esterified cholesterol, were studied in liver, plasma, gonads, and muscle. these pesticides suppressed the level of hepatic tg in females during the prepa ... | 1987 | 2448115 |
| tissue glutamine synthetase associated with ammonia detoxication and nitrogen metabolism in clarias batrachus. | the composition of reaction mixture of glutamine synthetase (gs) assay system was perfected and utilized to determine the activity of this enzyme spectrophotometrically in selected tissues of the freshwater teleostean fish, clarias batrachus. of these tissues, brain was found to contain comparatively a very high activity representing a rapid role of gs in ammonia detoxication and synthesis of essential neurotransmitter substance in this tissue. of other tissues, liver, kidney and gill were found ... | 1989 | 2476092 |
| toxic effects of mercurials on thyroid function of the catfish, clarias batrachus (l.). | the toxic effects of mercurials on the thyroid activity of clarias batrachus were evaluated after exposure for 45, 90, and 180 days during gonadal recrudescence. histologically, the thyroid follicles were active with hypertrophied epithelium and reduced colloid content in 90- and 180-day mercuric chloride (hgcl2)- and 90-day methylmercuric chloride (ch3hgcl)-treated fish. in 180-day ch3hgcl and 90- and 180-day emisan 6 groups, the follicular epithelium appeared atrophic with a wavy and irregular ... | 1989 | 2501079 |
| influence of human urinary erythropoietin and l-thyroxine on blood morphology and energy reserves in two tropical species of fed and starved teleosts. | erythropoietic responses of fed and starved species of teleosts, viz., clarias batrachus and heteropneustes fossilis, to human urinary erythropoietin and thyroxine have been examined. the effects of these hormones on energy reserves have also been evaluated. twenty-four c. batrachus were divided into two groups: half were fed regularly; the remaining fish were starved 20 days. on the 21st day each group was further divided into three subgroups of four each and received either saline, thyroxine ( ... | 1989 | 2583468 |
| hypothalamic innervation of the pituitary in the catfish, clarias batrachus (l.): a retrograde horseradish peroxidase study. | intrahypophysial administration of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) resulted in extensive labelling of the cells of nucleus preopticus and nucleus lateralis tuberis. besides, isolated retrogradely labelled neurons were observed in the nucleus preopticus periventricularis in the preoptic area, nucleus of the horizontal commissure, nucleus hypothalamicus ventralis in the rostral tuberal area, and nucleus arcuatus hypothalamicus in the caudal tuberal area. a few labelled cells were also observed in the ... | 1989 | 2616047 |
| vanadium induced changes in glycogen content of clarias batrachus (linn) and channa punctatus (bloch). | clarias batrachus (linn) and channa punctatus (bloch) were exposed to 5, 10 and 15 ppm of vanadium and investigated the effects on tissue glycogen at 3, 6 and 9 hrs. results indicated the variations in the level of glycogen were highest at 15 ppm after 9 hr exposure in liver than muscle, brain, kidney and heart of clarias batrachus as compared to channa punctatus. the variation recorded in tissue glycogen content was discussed in relation to respiratory distress, formation of mucus on the whole ... | 1989 | 2618741 |
| changes in hypothalamic monoamine oxidase activity in relation to season, ovariectomy, and 17 beta-estradiol administration in intact and ovariectomized catfish, clarias batrachus (l.). | cyclic changes in hypothalamic monoamine oxidase (mao) activity were noted during the annual ovarian cycle of clarias batrachus, with a high level in the preparatory phase and a low level in the spawning phase. administration of 17 beta-estradiol (e2) daily for 3 days induced both season- and dose-dependent responses in enzyme activity. in the preparatory phase, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 microgram/g doses of e2 enhanced enzyme activity in a dose-dependent manner, with significant changes being observed ... | 1989 | 2792729 |
| lead nitrate-induced nuclear inclusions in the oocytes of the catfish clarias batrachus (l). | 1987 | 2826121 | |
| angiotensin-converting enzyme in organs of air-breathing fish. | angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) was measured in tissue homogenates from the african lungfish and six species of air-breathing teleosts (heteropneustes fossilis, clarias batrachus, channa gachua, anabas testudineus, notopterus chitala, and monopterus cuchia) using a standard spectrophotometric assay. in most species, the highest levels of ace activity were found in the respiratory organs (gills and/or accessory respiratory organs). ace was also found in heart and kidney tissues from most spec ... | 2010 | 2830162 |
| lead nitrate induced changes in the brain constituents of the freshwater fish clarias batrachus (l). | exposure of c batrachus to 5 ppm lead nitrate for 150 days resulted in the significant elevation of brain histamine and serotonin content, but gamma aminobutyric acid level showed a decrease. lead significantly reduced the brain monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase activity. in addition, lead significantly lowered the brain lipid, cholesterol, protein and ascorbic acid contents. these findings suggest that lead significantly impairs the brain neurotransmitter function. | 1986 | 2881235 |
| effects of copper, cadmium and chromium cations on the freshwater fish clarias batrachus l. | the data on the effects of cations such as cu2+, cd2+ and cr6+ on the changes in the biochemical parameters in a freshwater fish, clarias batrachus l., showed an increase of the protein content in the liver, kidney, stomach, intestine, testis and ovary, and a decrease in the muscle after cu2+ and cd2+ treatment as compared with control data; but the cr6+ did not cause any changes of protein concentration in the kidney and testis. the administration of cu2+ and cd2+ increased the concentration of ... | 1988 | 2967511 |
| structure and behaviour of stannius corpuscles in relation to vitamin d3 induced hypercalcemia in male clarias batrachus. | 1985 | 2986836 | |
| kinetic studies on the enzymes involved in estrogen biosynthesis and evidence for existence of a single 5-ene-3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase complex in the ovary of the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus. | substrate velocity kinetics and other characteristics of two key enzymes involved in estrogen biosynthesis in the ovary of the catfish, clarias batrachus, were studied. enzyme reactions were measured spectrophotometrically during the initial phase of vitellogenesis. 5-ene-3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (5-ene-3beta-hsd) was found to have a different michaelis-menten constant (km) for each of three 5-ene-3beta-hydroxysteroids, (pregnenolone (p5), 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone (17alpha-p5), and ... | 1985 | 2989083 |
| biochemical compartmentation of gluconeogenic enzymes in fish tissues. | compartmentation of liver, kidney muscle and gill tissues in relation to glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-diphosphatase was examined in the fishes labeo rohita, clarias batrachus and channa punctatus. the anterior region of the right and left lobes of the liver contained the maximum of fructose 1,6-diphosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase, while the minimum was in the right and left lobes of gill tissue. herbivore fish had the highest gluconeogenic enzyme content followed by carnivore and p ... | 1986 | 3030045 |
| immunocytochemical localization of lh-rh in the brain and pituitary of the catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | an elaborate organization of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lh-rh) immunoreactive (ir) cells and fibers was encountered in the olfactory system of clarias batrachus. in addition to the ir structures in the olfactory nerve, peripheral area of the olfactory bulb, and the medial olfactory tract (mot), ir cells and fibers were prominently seen in the lamellae of the olfactory organ. perikarya showing varying degrees of intensity of immunoreaction were observed along the base of the forebrain ... | 1988 | 3071489 |
| toxic effects of three mercurial compounds on survival, and histology of the kidney of the catfish clarias batrachus (l.). | in clarias batrachus methylmercuric chloride (ch3hgcl) was 1.18 and 10.05 times more toxic than mercuric chloride (hgcl2) and emisan 6 (methoxyethyl mercury chloride), respectively, for 96 hr. a similar trend was observed at 24, 48, and 72 hr. exposure of the catfish to sublethal concentrations of these mercurials for 14 and 28 days caused progressive changes in the kidney. the diameter of the proximal convoluted tubules was increased, the epithelial cells were hypertrophied, and the lumen was r ... | 1988 | 3132362 |
| toxicity bioassay of technical and commercial formulations of carbaryl to the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus. | the acute toxicity of the carbamate insecticide, carbaryl, in technical and commercial formulations was investigated in the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus, after exposures of 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr. the "trimmed spearman-karber method" with 10% trimming was employed for the determination of median lethal concentration (lc(i)50). the lc(i)50 values of the commercial carbaryl (162.60, 134.08, 123.36, 107.66 mg/liter) decreased gradually with increase of exposure duration from 24, to 48, 72, ... | 1988 | 3139391 |
| toxic effects of mercuric chloride, methylmercuric chloride, and emisan 6 (an organic mercurial fungicide) on ovarian recrudescence in the catfish clarias batrachus (l.). | 1988 | 3148347 | |
| inhibition of testicular 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-hsd) activity in catfish clarias batrachus (l.) by mercurials. | 1988 | 3150370 | |
| effect of pinealectomy on testosterone, estradiol-17 beta, esterone, and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone levels during the annual reproductive cycle in the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus. | the present study examines the relationship of the pineal gland to gonadal activity during the annual reproductive cycle in the freshwater catfish clarias batrachus. the hormonal profiles of testosterone, estradiol-17 beta, estrone, and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone along with the gonadosomatic index (gsi) were monitored to assess the effect of pinealectomy. pinealectomy appeared to accelerate the gonadal development from january to may. removal of pineal prior to the start of gonadal recrudescen ... | 1988 | 3171888 |
| differential distribution of hexokinase in vital organs of three teleost fishes. | the phylogeny has influenced the distribution of hexokinase in various tissues of three teleosts, viz., labeo rohita, clarias batrachus and channa punctatus, which differ significantly in a number of parameters like growth rate, feeding habits and ability to get oxygen. among the organs investigated for hexokinase, the anterior region of the right lobe of the liver showed higher activity than the posterior region, followed by the anterior and posterior regions of the left lobe. the middle region ... | 1988 | 3250207 |