Publications

effects of hydration on the surface morphology of urediospores.	changes in the surface morphology of mature urediospores of uromyces viciae-fabae have been studied with respect to different preparative procedures for the scanning electron microscope. specimens were examined in the critical point-dried, freeze-dried and frozen-hydrated states. dried urediospores were significantly different in appearance from those which were hydrated. shrinkage probably accounted for some of the surface features of dried spores, particularly amongst those which had been crit ...	1983	6644799
variations in amino acids and sugars in different tissues of broad bean (vicia faba l.) during the pathogenesis of uromyces fabae (pers.) de bary.	in response to infection by the rust pathogen uromyces fabae the different tissues of broad bean (vicia faba l.) showed varied pattern of amino acid metabolism; some of them being exclusively present in a particular region only. in the inflorescence tissue, for example, tryptophan, glycine, aspartic acid, serine, proline, and arginine were present. in the stem, however, the amino acids, present during and after infection, were tryptophan, serine, glutamine, homoserine, and dl-alanine. post-infec ...	1980	7424231
endoplasmic reticulum subcompartments in a plant parasitic fungus and in baker's yeast: differential distribution of lumenal proteins.	his-asp-glu-leu (hdel)-bearing proteins were quantified in different endoplasmic reticulum (er) subcompartments of saccharomyces cerevisiae and the plant parasite uromyces viciae-fabae by immuno-electron microscopy (immuno-em). in both fungi, the immunogold labeling of these proteins within the er was three times greater than within the nuclear envelope. in u. viciae-fabae, the er in germinating uredospores differed from the er in fungal structures produced within the plant, e.g., haustoria. in ...	1995	7614374
plasma membrane h+-atpase activity in spores, germ tubes, and haustoria of the rust fungus uromyces viciae-fabae	using plasma membrane-enriched vesicles, the properties of the h+-atpase (ec 3.6.1.35) from the rust fungus uromyces viciae-fabae were studied. the enzyme is strictly mg2+-dependent and is inhibited by vanadate. the ph-optimum is at 6.7. by western blot analysis using a monoclonal antibody against corn plasma membrane h+-atpase a polypeptide of approximately 104 kda could be detected. the vanadate-sensitive h+-atpase activity of microsomal vesicles obtained from different stages of rust developm ...	1996	8812284
synthesis and antifungal activity of two novel spermidine analogues.	two spermidine analogues were synthesised and examined for antifungal activity. both compounds used as 1 mm post-inoculation sprays reduced infection of barley seedlings by the powdery mildew fungus, erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei, infection of broad bean seedlings by the rust fungus, uromyces viciae-fabae, and infection of apple seedlings by the powdery mildew fungus, podosphaera leucotricha. since these fungal pathogens cannot be cultured axenically, the effects of the two spermidine analogues ...	1997	9066105
characterization of in planta-induced rust genes isolated from a haustorium-specific cdna library.	rust fungi are plant parasites that depend on living host tissue for growth. for invasion of leaves, dikaryotic urediospores differentiate germ tubes and infection structures that penetrate through stomata. biotrophic growth occurs by intercellular mycelia that form haustoria within host cells. a cdna library was constructed from haustoria isolated from broad bean leaves infected by uromyces fabae. differential screening revealed that a high proportion (19%) of the haustorial cdnas are specifica ...	1997	9150592
a putative amino acid transporter is specifically expressed in haustoria of the rust fungus uromyces fabae.	a cdna library constructed from haustoria of the rust fungus uromyces fabae was screened for clones that are differentially expressed in haustoria. one family of cdnas (in planta-induced gene 2 [pig2] was isolated and found to encode a protein with high homologies to fungal amino acid transporters. a cdna clone containing the complete coding region of pig2 and the corresponding genomic clone were isolated and sequenced, revealing the presence of 17 introns in the pig2 gene. expression of pig2 mr ...	1997	9150593
the plasma membrane h(+)-atpase from the biotrophic rust fungus uromyces fabae: molecular characterization of the gene (pma1) and functional expression of the enzyme in yeast.	to study the molecular basis of biotrophic nutrient uptake by plant parasitic rust fungi, the gene (uf-pma1) encoding the plasma membrane h(+)-atpase from uromyces fabae was isolated. uf-pma1 exists probably as a single gene. however, two nearly identical sequences were identified; the similarity apparently is due to two uf-pma1 alleles in the dikaryotic hyphae. multiple uf-pma1 transcripts were observed during early rust development, and reduced amounts of a single uf-pma1 mrna were observed in ...	1998	9612944
endocytosis and membrane turnover in the germ tube of uromyces fabae	we have used the fluorescent dye fm4-64 as a tracer to demonstrate bulk membrane internalization (endocytosis) and redistribution of the dye within the cytoplasm of the germ tube of the rust fungus uromyces fabae. staining of the hyphal membrane was detected 4 s after application of fm4-64 and reached a maximum after 1 min. the highest fluorescence intensity occurred in the apex. subsequently, staining of the plasma membrane decreased and a subapical region of the fungal protoplast (5-20 &mgr;m ...	1998	9742194
cloning and characterization of nadp-mannitol dehydrogenase cdna from the button mushroom, agaricus bisporus, and its expression in response to nacl stress.	mannitol, a six-carbon sugar alcohol, is the main storage carbon in the button mushroom, agaricus bisporus. given the physiological importance of mannitol metabolism in growth, fruit body development, and salt tolerance of a. bisporus, the enzyme responsible for mannitol biosynthesis, nadp-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase (mtdh) (ec 1.1.1.138), was purified to homogeneity, and mtdh cdna was cloned, sequenced, and characterized. to our knowledge, this represents the first report on the isolation ...	1998	9835550
pr-1 protein inhibits the differentiation of rust infection hyphae in leaves of acquired resistant broad bean.	treatment of broad bean leaves with salicylic acid (sa) or 2, 6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid (dcina) induces resistance against the rust fungus uromyces fabae resulting in reduced rust pustule density. light-microscopy studies showed that in induced resistant plants the rust fungus is inhibited immediately after penetration through the stomatal pore. the differentiation of infection structures growing within the intercellular space of the leaf, i.e. infection hyphae and haustorial mother cells, is ...	1999	10571848
high level activation of vitamin b1 biosynthesis genes in haustoria of the rust fungus uromyces fabae.	in the rust fungus uromyces fabae, the transition from the early stages of host plant invasion toward parasitic growth is accompanied by the activation of many genes (pigs = in planta induced genes). two of them, pig1 (= thi1) and pig4 (= thi2), were found to be highly transcribed in haustoria, and are homologous to genes involved in thiamine (vitamin b1) biosynthesis in yeast. their functional identity was confirmed by complementation of schizosaccharomyces pombe thiamine auxotrophic thi3 (nmt1 ...	2000	10830262
sequencing and heterologous expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae of a cryptococcus neoformans cdna encoding a plasma membrane h(+)-atpase.	a cdna containing an open reading frame encoding a putative plasma membrane h(+)-atpase in the human pathogenic basidiomycetous yeast cryptococcus neoformans was cloned and sequenced by means of pcr and cdna library hybridization. the cloned cdna is 3475 bp in length, containing a 2994 bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 997 amino acids. as in the case of another basidiomycetous fungus (uromyces fabae), the deduced amino acid sequence of cnpma1 was found to be more homologous to thos ...	2000	11118522
the role of haustoria in sugar supply during infection of broad bean by the rust fungus uromyces fabae.	biotrophic plant pathogenic fungi differentiate specialized infection structures within the living cells of their host plants. these haustoria have been linked to nutrient uptake ever since their discovery. we have for the first time to our knowledge shown that the flow of sugars from the host vicia faba to the rust fungus uromyces fabae seems to occur largely through the haustorial complex. one of the most abundantly expressed genes in rust haustoria, the expression of which is negligible in ot ...	2001	11390980
differential regulation of gene expression in the obligate biotrophic interaction of uromyces fabae with its host vicia faba.	classical analysis of obligate biotrophic fungi revealed changes of enzyme activities or the concentration of metabolites in infected areas. however, due to the intricate integration of host and parasite metabolism, it was not possible to delineate the individual contributions of the two organisms. here, we used reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction to monitor expression of genes from the rust fungus uromyces fabae and its host vicia faba. we focused on genes relevant for amino acid an ...	2001	11763130
adhesion pad formation and the involvement of cutinase and esterases in the attachment of uredospores to the host cuticle.	we have investigated the basis of adhesion of uredospores of the obligately parasitic rust fungus uromyces viciae-fabae to leaves of its broad bean host. upon contact with an aqueous environment, spores form a structure that we have termed an adhesion pad. the adhesion pad is formed by both living and autoclaved spores, but only adhesion pads formed by living spores adhered to the cuticle of leaves of the host plant. treatment of living spores with the serine-esterase inhibitor diisopropyl fluor ...	1992	12297669
identification of rapd markers linked to the uvf-1 gene conferring hypersensitive resistance against rust (uromyces viciae-fabae) in vicia faba l.	bulk segregant analysis was used to identify random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers linked to a gene determining hypersensitive resistance in vicia faba line 2n52 against race 1 of the rust fungus uromyces viciae-fabae. the monogenic nature of the resistance was determined by analyzing the f(2) population from a cross between resistant line 2n52 and susceptible line vf-176, and further confirmed in the f(2:3)-derived families. linkage of the rapd markers was confirmed by screening 55 f( ...	2003	12698251
some effects of ultraviolet radiation on the pathogenicity of botrytis fabae, uromyces fabae and erysiphe graminis.		1957	13439161
a novel beta-glucosidase in uromyces fabae: feast or fight?	efficient nutrient mobilization is a key element for biotrophic plant parasites such as the rust fungi. in the course of a cdna library screen for elements involved in sugar utilization in uromyces fabae, we identified a sequence with homology to beta-glucosidases. full-length genomic and cdna clones of the gene, termed bgl1, were isolated and sequenced. the bgl1 gene comprises 3,372 nucleotides, including nine introns. the open reading frame encompasses 2,532 bases and codes for a polypeptide o ...	2004	14648113
the effects of sulphur dioxide on the parasitism of the rust fungus uromyces viciae-fabae on vicia faba.	vicia faba cv. aguadulce was grown in fumigation chambers ventilated with filtered air or air containing sulphur dioxide (so(2)) at controlled concentrations, and inoculated with the rust fungus uromyces viciae-fabae. the influence of the pollutant was rated in terms of production of uredia and dehiscent urediospores. exposures to so(2) levels around 70-90 nl litre(-1) enhanced uredia density. pre-inoculation fumigations at 70-86 nl litre(-1) increased uredia density, whilst post-inoculation fum ...	1990	15092191
possible roles for mannitol and mannitol dehydrogenase in the biotrophic plant pathogen uromyces fabae.	levels of the c6-polyol mannitol were observed to rise dramatically in the biotrophic interaction of the rust fungus uromyces fabae and its host plant vicia faba. mannitol was found in millimolar concentrations in extracts and apoplastic fluids of infected leaves and also in extracts of spores. we suggest that this polyol might have at least a dual function: first, as a carbohydrate storage compound, and second, as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species. mannitol accumulation is accompanied by h ...	2004	15618426
characterization of a novel nadp(+)-dependent d-arabitol dehydrogenase from the plant pathogen uromyces fabae.	we have identified and characterized a novel nadp(+)-dependent d-arabitol dehydrogenase and the corresponding gene from the rust fungus uromyces fabae, a biotrophic plant pathogen on broad bean (vicia faba). the new enzyme was termed ard1p (d-arabitol dehydrogenase 1). it recognizes d-arabitol and mannitol as substrates in the forward reaction, and d-xylulose, d-ribulose and d-fructose as substrates in the reverse reaction. co-factor specificity was restricted to nadp(h). kinetic data for the ma ...	2005	15796718
induction of systemic protection against rust infection in broad bean by saccharin: effects on plant growth and development.	here, we examine the effect of saccharin on the induction of systemic resistance in broad bean (vicia faba) to the rust fungus uromyces viciae-fabae. saccharin was applied to beans at the three-leaf stage, either as a soil drench or by painting the solution on to first leaves. plants were then challenge inoculated with the rust 1, 6, 10 and 14 d following saccharin treatment, after which they were harvested, assessed for the intensity of rust infection and plant growth measurements conducted. fo ...	2005	15998410
microarray analysis of expressed sequence tags from haustoria of the rust fungus uromyces fabae.	rust fungi are plant parasites which colonise host tissue with an intercellular mycelium that forms haustoria within living plant cells. to identify genes expressed during biotrophic growth, est sequencing was performed with a haustorium-specific cdna library from uromyces fabae. one thousand seventeen ests were generated, which assembled into 530 contigs. several of the most frequently represented sequences in the est database were identical to the in planta induced genes (pigs) identified prev ...	2006	16289953
identification of a protein from rust fungi transferred from haustoria into infected plant cells.	the formation of haustoria is one of the hallmarks of the interaction of obligate biotrophic fungi with their host plants. in addition to their role in nutrient uptake, it is hypothesized that haustoria are actively involved in establishing and maintaining the biotrophic relationship. we have identified a 24.3-kda protein that exhibited a very unusual allocation. rust transferred protein 1 from uromyces fabae (uf-rtp1p) was not only detected in the host parasite interface, the extrahaustorial ma ...	2005	16353548
rapid accumulation of trihydroxy oxylipins and resistance to the bean rust pathogen uromyces fabae following wounding in vicia faba.	insect damage to plants leads to wound-activated responses directed to healing of damaged tissues, as well as activation of defences to prevent further insect damage. negative cross-talk exists between the jasmonic acid-based signalling system that is activated upon insect attack and the salicylic acid-based system frequently activated following pathogen infection. thus, insect attack may compromise the ability of the plant to defend itself against pathogens and vice versa. however, insect herbi ...	2006	16492683
uromyces fabae: development, metabolism, and interactions with its host vicia faba.	this minireview is intended to provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding cytological, physiological, and molecular aspects of uromyces fabae. for almost five decades this rust fungus has served as a model system to gain insight into the features characterizing an obligate biotrophic parasite. while earlier studies mostly focused on cytological aspects, later studies were concerned with biochemical and molecular characteristics. despite the fact that there is still no stable transfor ...	2006	16734775
volatiles modulate the development of plant pathogenic rust fungi.	rust fungi are obligate biotrophic pathogens that differentiate a series of specialized cells to establish infection. one of these cells, the haustorium, which serves to absorb nutrients from living host cells, normally develops only in planta. here, we show that the rust fungus uromyces fabae (pers.) schroet. stimulates volatile emission of its host, broad bean (vicia faba l.). volatiles were identified and shown to be perceived by the fungus in in vitro assays that excluded the host. three of ...	2006	16775700
cloning and characterization of a novel invertase from the obligate biotroph uromyces fabae and analysis of expression patterns of host and pathogen invertases in the course of infection.	invertases are key enzymes in carbon partitioning in higher plants. they gain additional importance in the distribution of carbohydrates in the event of wounding or pathogen attack. although many researchers have found an increase in invertase activity upon infection, only a few studies were able to determine whether the source of this activity was host or parasite. this article analyzes the role of invertases involved in the biotrophic interaction of the rust fungus uromyces fabae and its host ...	2006	16776296
secreted proteins of uromyces fabae: similarities and stage specificity.	uromyces fabae on vicia faba is a model system for obligate biotrophic interactions. searching for potential effector proteins we investigated the haustorial secretome of u. fabae (biotrophic stage) and compared it with the secretome of in vitro grown infection structures, which represent the pre-biotrophic stage. using the yeast signal sequence trap method we identified 62 genes encoding proteins secreted from haustoria and 42 genes encoding proteins secreted from in vitro grown infection struc ...	2008	18705884
effects of phenylpropanoid and energetic metabolism inhibition on faba bean resistance mechanisms to rust.	abstract effects on penetration and hypersensitive resistance of the cinnamyl acid dehydrogenase (cad) suicide inhibitor ([(2-hydroxyphenyl) amino] sulphinyl) acetic acid, 1.1 dimethyl ester, which suppresses phenylpro-panoid biosynthesis, and of d-mannose, which sequesters phosphate and reduces energy available in host cells, were studied in faba bean (vicia faba) genotypes with differing resistance mechanisms to faba bean rust (uromyces viciae-fabae). inhibition of cad reduced penetration resi ...	2007	18942937
analysis of expressed sequence tags from uromyces appendiculatus hyphae and haustoria and their comparison to sequences from other rust fungi.	hyphae, 2 to 8 days postinoculation (dpi), and haustoria, 5 dpi, were isolated from uromyces appendiculatus infected bean leaves (phaseolus vulgaris cv. pinto 111) and a separate cdna library prepared for each fungal preparation. approximately 10,000 hyphae and 2,700 haustoria clones were sequenced from both the 5' and 3' ends. assembly of all of the fungal sequences yielded 3,359 contigs and 927 singletons. the u. appendiculatus sequences were compared with sequence data for other rust fungi, p ...	2008	18943459
histological characterization of resistance to uromyces viciae-fabae in faba bean.	abstract components of resistance to the faba bean rust (uromyces viciae-fabae) were studied at the histological level in seedlings and adult plants of nine faba bean (vicia faba) lines differing in their level of resistance. resistance of these lines was previously shown to be characterized macroscopically by an increased latent period, a decreased colony size, and a relatively decreased infection frequency. in some lines, the resistance also was associated with macroscopically visible necrosis ...	2002	18944002
the uromyces fabae ufaat3 gene encodes a general amino acid permease that prefers uptake of in planta scarce amino acids.	summary the obligately biotrophic rust fungi are dependent on nutrient supply from their host plants. a cdna library of infection structures of the rust fungus uromyces fabae was used to identify a gene (ufaat3) that encodes a protein with a high degree of sequence similarity to fungal amino acid permeases. the expression profile revealed by rt-pcr shows an up-regulation very early during rust development, with the highest level in haustoria and infected leaves. heterologous expression of ufaat3 ...	2004	20565608
characterization of a developmentally regulated amino acid transporter (aat1p) of the rust fungus uromyces fabae.	summary in the rust fungus uromyces fabae, invasion of the host plant and haustorium formation are accompanied by the activation of many genes (pigs =in planta induced genes). in addition to the previously described aat2 (pig2), aat1 (pig27) was found to encode a protein with a high similarity to fungal amino acid permeases. aat1 transcripts are present in germinated hyphae and throughout the mycelium later in the infection process, but occur at the highest levels in haustoria. expression of aat ...	2002	20569305
molecular characterization of beta-tubulin from phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal agent of asian soybean rust.	β-tubulins are structural components of microtubules and the targets of benzimidazole fungicides used to control many diseases of agricultural importance. intron polymorphisms in the intron-rich genes of these proteins have been used in phylogeographic investigations of phytopathogenic fungi. in this work, we sequenced 2764 nucleotides of the β-tubulin gene (pp tubb) in samples of phakopsora pachyrhizi collected from seven soybean fields in brazil. pp tubb contained an open reading frame of 1341 ...	2010	21637494
molecular mapping for resistance to pea rust caused by uromyces fabae (pers.) de-bary.	pea rust caused by uromyces fabae (pers.) de-bary is a major problem in warm humid regions causing huge economic losses. a mapping population of 136 f(6:7) recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from the cross between pea genotypes, huvp 1 (susceptible) and fc 1 (resistant) was evaluated in polyhouse as well as under field conditions during two consecutive years. infection frequency (if) and area under disease progress curve (audpc) were used for evaluation of rust reaction of the rils. a linka ...	2011	21671067
histological and molecular studies of the non-host interaction between wheat and uromyces fabae.	non-host resistance (nhr) confers plant species immunity against the majority of microbes. as an important crop, wheat can be damaged by several puccinia species but is immune to all uromyces species. here, we studied the basis of nhr in wheat against the broad bean rust pathogen uromyces fabae (uf). in the wheat-uf interaction, microscopic observations showed that urediospores germinated efficiently on wheat leaves. however, over 98% of the germ tubes failed to form appressoria over stomata. fo ...	2011	21691848
rt real-time pcr-based quantification ofuromyces fabae in planta.	quantification of obligate biotrophic parasites has been a long-standing problem in plant pathology. many attempts have been made to determine how much of a pathogen is present in infected plant tissue. methods of quantification included scoring disease symptoms, microscopic evaluation, determination of specific compounds like ergosterol, and lately nucleic acid-based technologies. all of these methods have their drawbacks, and even real-time pcr may not be quantitative if for example the organi ...	2011	21707731
transient transformation of the obligate biotrophic rust fungus uromyces fabae using biolistics.	obligate biotrophic pathogens like the rust fungi are important plant pathogens causing enormous losses on food, forage and biomass crops. the analysis of the molecular details underlying obligate biotrophic host-parasite interactions is mainly hampered by the fact that no system for transformation is available for most obligate biotrophic organisms. here we report the transient transformation of uromyces fabae, an obligate biotrophic rust fungus using a biolistic approach. biolistic bombardment ...	2011	21724169
cloning and characterization of the gene for the iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase from the violet root rot fungus, helicobasidium mompa.	the sdhb gene, encoding the iron-sulfur protein (ip) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (sdh, ec 1.3.99.1), has been cloned from the violet root rot fungus, helicobasidium mompa, and characterized. the promoter region contains a ccaat box, tata-like box, and ct-rich region. the gene is interrupted by eight introns and is predicted to encode a polypeptide of 291 amino acid residues. the putative amino acid sequence of the encoded product of sdhb gene from h. mompa shows high homology to the other ...	2011	21780142