Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| comparison of cytopathic and noncytopathic isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus by oligonucleotide fingerprinting. | the molecular technique of rna fingerprinting was used to characterize the genomes of 5 isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv): 2 viral pairs from the same animal, bvd-iln/bvd-ilc and bvd-tgan/bvd-tgac, and the cytopathic viral prototype, bvd-nadl. oligonucleotide patterns from the viruses were compared, and unique and overlapping oligonucleotides were identified. a comparison of the fingerprints indicated that the genome of each virus was distinguishable by the t1 rnase oligonucleotide ... | 1991 | 1645593 |
| prevalence of antibodies to seven viruses in a flock of ewes in minnesota. | blood samples were collected from a flock of healthy ewes at a university of minnesota research station. sera from these blood samples were tested for antibodies against 7 viruses, using 3 tests (eg, virus-neutralization test for bovine viral diarrhea virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine adenovirus type 3, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus; hemagglutination inhibition test for parainfluenza virus type 3; and agar-gel immunodiffusion test for lentivirus of ovine progressive ... | 1988 | 2837112 |
| the 5'-untranslated region sequence of a potential new genotype of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the 5' untranslated region (utr) of several bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) isolates from the severe quebec outbreak was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequenced. sequences revealed the loss, for the bvdv type ii isolates, of an internal psti restriction site, which is present in all known bvdv type 1 5' utr sequences. a single restriction enzyme digestion (psti) of an aliquot of pcr product allowed us to differentiate bvdv type i and bvdv type ii. | 1995 | 7646359 |
| delayed onset postvaccinal mucosal disease as a result of genetic recombination between genotype 1 and genotype 2 bvdv. | bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) are segregated into two genotypes, bvdv 1 and bvdv 2. viruses within both genotypes may exist as one of two biotypes, cytopathic or noncytopathic. a highly fatal form of bvdv termed mucosal disease (md) occurs when an animal persistently infected with noncytopathic bvdv becomes superinfected with cytopathic bvdv. in this study, we characterized a noncytopathic (bvdv2-125nc)/cytopathic (bvdv2-125c) viral pair isolated from an animal that died of md 3 months af ... | 1995 | 7676642 |
| the genomic sequence of a virulent bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) from the type 2 genotype: detection of a large genomic insertion in a noncytopathic bvdv. | a second genotype of bovine viral diarrhea virus, bvdv genotype 2 or bvdv 2, has been identified based on phylogenic analysis of sequences from the 5' untranslated region of the viral rna. in this study, we derived the complete nucleic acid sequence of a virulent bvdv 2 virus, bvdv2-890, isolated from an animal that died of an acute uncomplicated bvdv infection. bvdv2-890 is noncytopathic in cell culture and does not produce a p80 viral polypeptide. the orf of bvdv2-890 is 11,922 nucleotide base ... | 1995 | 7676648 |
| a nested polymerase chain reaction assay to differentiate pestiviruses. | viruses that comprise the pestivirus genus cause significant losses to the livestock industry. based on sequence analysis, currently 4 distinct genotypes are identified of which 3 infect cattle and sheep. distinguishing between bovine and ovine isolates by serological tests has often been difficult because of a high degree of cross reactivity. in this study, a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed to identify and distinguish between bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type i, ... | 1995 | 8578861 |
| evaluation of nucleic acid amplification methods for the detection of hog cholera virus. | a blind panel was tested in a diagnostic evaluation of a reverse transcription (rt) polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method for detecting hog cholera virus (hcv) from pig tissues. the capability of the rt-pcr test to discriminate between hcv and related pestiviruses, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), and those viruses causing similar diseases in swine, including african swine fever virus (asfv) and pseudorabies virus (prv), was also considered. nucleic acid extraction involved either kit-based ... | 1996 | 8953524 |
| detection and identification of ruminant and porcine pestiviruses by nested amplification of 5' untranslated cdna regions. | based on published gene sequences of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) type i and classical swine fever virus (csfv), genus- and species-specific primers were designed to detect and identify pestivirus cdna sequences in a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the pcr primers were validated using cdna synthesized from 146 pestivirus isolates, comprising representatives of all four so far described genotypes (bvdv type i, bvdv type ii, csfv and border disease virus), as well as others of uncer ... | 1997 | 9029529 |
| genetic characterization of ruminant pestiviruses: sequence analysis of viral genotypes isolated from sheep. | historically, the genus pestivirus was believed to contain three species of viruses; bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), border disease virus (bdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv). however, based on limited sequence analysis of a small number of pestiviral isolates from domestic livestock, evidence has recently emerged indicating that at least four distinct genotypes exist. in an attempt to gain a better understanding of the degree of viral variation among ruminant pestiviruses, the entir ... | 1997 | 9037733 |
| comparison of the complete genomic sequence of the border disease virus, bd31, to other pestiviruses. | the genus pestivirus is composed of hog cholera virus (hcv) [also known as classical swine fever virus (csfv)], bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), and border disease virus (bdv). complete sequences have been published for hcv (or csfv) and the two genotypes of bvdv (bvdv1 and bvdv2). in this study the complete sequence of the border disease virus (bdv), bd31, was determined. bd31 was isolated from a lamb with hairy shaker syndrome and is the bdv type virus offered by atcc (atcc vr-996). the gen ... | 1997 | 9282788 |
| mapping of a type 1-specific and a type-common epitope on the e2 (gp53) protein of bovine viral diarrhea virus with neutralization escape mutants. | bovine viral diarrhoea viruses (bvdv) have recently been segregated into two genotypes, bvdv 1 and bvdv 2. however, the antigenic differences and similarities of bvdv 1 and bvdv 2 remain poorly defined. in this study, the e2 epitopes of two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) produced against an isolate of bvdv 1 were mapped. the mab 157, previously determined to be broadly cross-reactive to bvdv, was discovered to be bvdv 1-specific, whereas mab 348 bound to and neutralized bvdv 2. both m ... | 1998 | 9617771 |
| differentiation of types 1a, 1b and 2 bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) by pcr. | there are two genotypes among bovine viral diarrhoea viruses (bvdv), bvdv1 and bvdv2. within the bvdv1 genotype there are two distinct subgenotypes, bvd1a and bvd1b. serology and monoclonal antibody binding are used to differentiate bvdv from classical swine fever virus (csfv) and border disease virus (bdv), the other members of the pestivirus genus. these techniques are less useful in the differentiation and segregation of viruses within the bvdv species. in this study, differential polymerase ... | 1998 | 9633045 |
| segregation of bovine viral diarrhea virus isolated in japan into genotypes. | it was suggested that 3 strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) isolated from persistently infected calves in tochigi prefecture in japan belonged to bvdv type ii. it was recognized lack of psti site on the 5'-untranslated region of genome of them as well as bvdv type ii reported previously. inoculated with the 3 strains, the calves showed the mild decrease of platelet counts which was specific clinical sign of bvdv type ii. we should report that the 3 strains were the first bvdv type ii i ... | 1998 | 9637291 |
| nucleotide sequence homology to bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (bvdv 2) in the 5' untranslated region of bvdvs from cattle with mucosal disease or persistent infection in japan. | cytopathogenic and non-cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdvs) were isolated from cattle with mucosal disease or persistent infection in japan. these isolates were compared for antigenic properties by cross-neutralization tests with japanese reference strains of bvdv belonging to classical type 1. significantly low cross-reactivity to reference strains was noted, indicating the viruses to possibly represent a new serotype in japan. thus, to determine the genotype of the isolates, nu ... | 1998 | 9646457 |
| lesions and distribution of viral antigen following an experimental infection of young seronegative calves with virulent bovine virus diarrhea virus-type ii. | during the past several years, acute infections with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) have been causally linked to hemorrhagic and acute mucosal disease-like syndromes with high mortality. the majority of bvdvs isolated in such cases have been classified as type ii on the basis of genetic and antigenic characteristics. it was our objective to examine clinical disease, lesions and potential sites of viral replication, following experimental bvdv type ii infection in young calves. on approximate ... | 1998 | 9684044 |
| virulence markers in the 5' untranslated region of genotype 2 bovine viral diarrhea virus isolates. | virulence markers to distinguish high from low virulence bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 2 isolates have not been previously reported. the objective of this study was to identify virulence markers by evaluating the primary and secondary structures of the 5'-untranslated region of low and high virulence bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 2 isolates. the nucleotide sequences of the entire 5'-untranslated region mrna of eight bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 2 isolates, four of high viru ... | 1998 | 9770430 |
| cis-acting rna elements required for replication of bovine viral diarrhea virus-hepatitis c virus 5' nontranslated region chimeras. | pestiviruses, such as bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), share many similarities with hepatitis c virus (hcv) yet are more amenable to virologic and genetic analysis. for both bvdv and hcv, translation is initiated via an internal ribosome entry site (ires). besides ires function, the viral 5' nontranslated regions (ntrs) may also contain cis-acting rna elements important for viral replication. a series of chimeric rnas were used to examine the function of the bvdv 5' ntr. our results show that ... | 1998 | 9814762 |
| monoclonal antibodies to the e2 protein of a new genotype (type 2) of bovine viral diarrhea virus define three antigenic domains involved in neutralization. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) has recently been segregated into two genotypes, namely, bvdv 1 and bvdv 2. viruses of the bvdv 2 genotype are a cause of hemorrhagic and acute fatal disease in cattle in the us and canada. in this study, monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the newly described bvdv 2 were produced after immunization with virus or a combination of virus and e2 peptide. from an original panel of 17 mabs, 13 mabs were identified as e2-specific by reactivity with a bvdv 2 recombinant e ... | 1998 | 9870585 |
| foetal cross-protection experiments between type 1 and type 2 bovine viral diarrhoea virus in pregnant ewes. | a flock of 82 non-pregnant ewes was split into three immunisation groups and given an intranasal dose of either cell culture medium, or a type 1 or a type 2 bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv-1 or bvdv-2). two months later the flock was reconstituted and after a further three weeks, the ewes were bred to pestivirus negative rams after synchronisation of oestrus using progesterone sponges. fifty-five ewes were segregated into three challenge groups, each of which comprised ewes from different imm ... | 1999 | 10028172 |
| cross-protective efficacy of a bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type 1 vaccine against bvdv type 2 challenge. | a new genotype of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), designated bvdv type 2 (bvdv 2), has become prevalent in the field. bvdv 2 strains are antigenically distinct from currently available vaccine strains of the bvdv 1 genotype, raising concerns about cross-protection of these vaccines against bvdv 2 challenge. to determine cross-protective efficacy of a modified-live virus (mlv) vaccine containing bvdv 1 strain wrl (bvdv 1(wrl)), two studies were conducted in which the relative magnitude and du ... | 1999 | 10195622 |
| nonhomologous rna recombination in bovine viral diarrhea virus: molecular characterization of a variety of subgenomic rnas isolated during an outbreak of fatal mucosal disease. | four bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 (bvdv-2) pairs consisting of cytopathogenic (cp) and noncp bvdv-2 were isolated during an outbreak of mucosal disease. comparative sequence analysis showed that the four noncp bvdv-2 isolates were almost identical. for the cp bvdv-2 isolates, viral subgenomic rnas were shown by northern blot to have a length of about 8 kb, which is about 4.3 kb shorter than the genome of noncp bvdv. cytopathogenicity and the expression of ns3 were both strictly correlated ... | 1999 | 10364314 |
| susceptibility of bovine naked 2- and 4-cell embryos and hatched blastocysts produced in vitro to infection with noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus. | to investigate the susceptibility of early bovine embryos to noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus (ncp bvdv), 2- and 4-cell embryos produced in vitro from which zona pellucida had been removed by pronase treatment, and hatched blastocysts were exposed to 10(6) tcid50/m/ of ncp bvdv no. 12 strain. the virus was detected in all embryo samples immediately prior to cultivation but not in the medium. after 24-hr culture, the virus was isolated from four media and two embryo samples in four e ... | 1999 | 10487236 |
| genetic diversity of pestiviruses: identification of novel groups and implications for classification. | the complete npro coding sequences were determined for 16 pestiviruses isolated from cattle, pig, and several wild ruminant species including reindeer, bison, deer, and bongo. phylogenetic analysis enabled the segregation of pestiviruses into the established species bovine viral diarrhea virus-1 (bvdv-1), bvdv-2, border disease virus (bdv), and classical swine fever virus (csfv). for bvdv-1 five distinct subgroups were identified, while bvdv-2, bdv, and csfv were each subdivided into two subgrou ... | 1999 | 10489341 |
| genetic typing of bovine pestiviruses from england and wales. | using rna purified directly from stored clinical specimens, a collection of 62 pestiviruses were typed by rt-pcr and sequencing within the 5'-untranslated region of the genome. all the specimens had been obtained in 1966/1967 from diary cattle in england and wales. eight further pestiviruses, grown in cell culture, were characterised in the same way. seven of these viruses were representatives of a panel of british isolates, obtained from cattle ten years before. the eighth was the virus used in ... | 1999 | 10535769 |
| association of bovine embryos produced by in vitro fertilization with a noncytopathic strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus type ii. | in the first experiment, heifers were infected experimentally with bovine viral diarrhea virus type ii (bvdv-type ii, strain cd87; characterized by high morbidity and mortality). subsequently, in vitro fertilized embryos were produced from oocytes collected on day 4, 8, and 16 post infection. in a total of 29 heifers, the infectious virus was detected in 55% of the samples of the follicular fluid, in 10% of the oviductal cells, in 10% of the uterine flushes and in 41% of the in vitro fertilized ... | 1998 | 10732060 |
| mechanism of action of a pestivirus antiviral compound. | we report here the discovery of a small molecule inhibitor of pestivirus replication. the compound, designated vp32947, inhibits the replication of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in cell culture at a 50% inhibitory concentration of approximately 20 nm. vp32947 inhibits both cytopathic and noncytopathic pestiviruses, including isolates of bvdv-1, bvdv-2, border disease virus, and classical swine fever virus. however, the compound shows no activity against viruses from unrelated virus groups. ... | 2000 | 10869440 |
| bovine viral diarrhea viral infections in feeder calves with respiratory disease: interactions with pasteurella spp., parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections was determined in a group of stocker calves suffering from acute respiratory disease. the calves were assembled after purchase from tennessee auctions and transported to western texas. of the 120 calves, 105 (87.5%) were treated for respiratory disease. sixteen calves died during the study (13.3%). the calves received a modified live virus bhv-1 vaccine on day 0 of the study. during the study, approximately 5 wk in duration, sera fr ... | 2000 | 10935880 |
| detection and characterization of genetic recombination in cytopathic type 2 bovine viral diarrhea viruses. | in cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1 (bvdv1) isolates, insertions are reported at position a (amino acid [aa] 1535) and position b (aa 1589). insertions at position b predominate. in this survey it was found that in bvdv2, insertions at position a predominate. possible reasons for this difference in relative frequency are discussed. | 2000 | 10954582 |
| a rt-pcr assay for the rapid recognition of border disease virus. | a reverse transcription--polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method was developed for the specific detection of border disease virus (bdv), using the primers pbd1 and pbd2 flanking a 225 bp dna fragment, selected from the 5'noncoding region of the pestivirus genome. in tests on 70 pestiviruses it was shown to be bdv-specific. a closed, one-tube nested rt-pcr method employing general pestivirus outer primers (324 and 326), and the same bdv-specific inner primers (pbd1 and pbd2) in conjunction with ... | 2000 | 10958243 |
| phylogenetic, antigenic and clinical characterization of type 2 bvdv from north america. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection continues to have a significant impact upon us cattle producers despite the availability of more than 140 federally licensed vaccines. detection and control is hampered by viral heterogeneity that results in differences in neutralizing epitopes, cytopathology and virulence. recently it was found that there are two different genotypes, bvdv1 and bvdv2, among bvdv. bvdv2 isolates make up a significant proportion of the bvdv isolated in north america. se ... | 2000 | 11042408 |
| morphologic lesions in type 2 bvdv infections experimentally induced by strain bvdv2-1373 recovered from a field case. | widespread outbreaks of severe acute bvdv, some associated with hemorrhagic syndrome (hs), were reported in quebec and ontario in 1993. these outbreaks caused significant economic hardship in infected herds. in the ontario outbreak 150 dairy, 600 beef and 100 milk and grain fed veal herds were affected with losses estimated at $40000-$10000 per herd in lost animals, milk production, abortions and genetics. fever, pneumonia, diarrhea, and sudden death occurred in all age groups of cattle. abortio ... | 2000 | 11042409 |
| clinical, pathological and antigenic aspects of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type 2 isolates identified in brazil. | nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of brazilian bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) field isolates identified four viruses belonging to the genotype 2. comparison of 5' utr sequences from these isolates to those of north american bvdv type 2 revealed genomic variations that correlated with the geographic origins of the isolates. two of the brazilian type 2 viruses were isolated from clinical cases of gastroenteric/respiratory disease and two were isolated from healthy bovine fetuses. ... | 2000 | 11042411 |
| pathogenesis of primary respiratory disease induced by isolates from a new genetic cluster of bovine viral diarrhea virus type i. | the pathogenesis of infection induced by cytopathogenic isolates from the newly identified genetic cluster id of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type i was studied in two experimental infections of previously seronegative, immunocompetent calves. experiment 1 focused on the evaluation of clinical patterns, viremia, and serological responses. all infected calves in this experiment developed respiratory symptoms and seroconverted to bvdv positivity. contact calves also contracted a respiratory ... | 2001 | 11136763 |
| bovine viral diarrhoea virus genotype 1 can be separated into at least eleven genetic groups. | seventy-eight bovine viral diarrhoea viruses (bvdv) recently collected in austria, france, hungary, italy, slovakia, spain and uk were genetically typed in the 5'-untranslated (5'utr) and autoprotease (npro) regions of the pestivirus genome. seventy-six of the isolates were bvdv-1 and two french isolates were of the bvdv-2 genotype. phylogenetic analysis of the 5'utr (245 nt), including additional bvdv-1 sequences from usa, canada, germany, new zealand, mozambique and sweden, taken from genbank ... | 2001 | 11266221 |
| experimental infection of pregnant ewes with bovine viral diarrhea virus type-2 (bvdv-2): effects on the pregnancy and fetus. | the reproduction effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus type-2 (bvdv-2) infection were investigated in ewes inoculated with a non-cytopathic bvdv-2 isolate at three stages of gestation. virus inoculation was followed by a transient viremia, accompanied by a transient and mild hyperthermia and nasal discharge in a few animals. some ewes were sacrificed at different time-points after virus inoculation to study the kinetics of fetal infection. infectivity and viral antigens were detected in placent ... | 2001 | 11267789 |
| [outbreak of bovine virus diarrhea on dutch dairy farms induced by a bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccine contaminated with bovine virus diarrhea virus type 2]. | on 23 february 1999, the dutch animal health service advised all dutch veterinary practices to postpone vaccination against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) immediately. the day before severe disease problems were diagnosed on four dairy farms after vaccination with the same batch of bhv1 marker vaccine. using monoclonal antibodies, bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) type 2 was found in the vaccine batch. this paper describes an outbreak of bvdv type 2 infection caused by the use of a batch of modif ... | 2001 | 11285633 |
| [detection of bovine virus diarrhea virus in a live bovine herpes virus 1 marker vaccine]. | in february 1999, 12 dutch herds were vaccinated with a live bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine from which bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv) could be isolated. all vaccine batches that were on the dutch market and that had not yet reached the expiry date were tested for bvdv. in total, seven of 82 batches tested were found positive. batch numbers tx3607, vb3914, vb3915, vb4046, tw3391, and tv3294 were positive for bvdv type 1, and batch number wg4622 was positive for bvdv type 2. this latter batch in ... | 2001 | 11285638 |
| [vaccination of calves with contaminated batches of bovine herpes virus 1 vaccines did not result in infection with bovine virus diarrhea virus]. | the aim of the experiment was to study whether bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) marker vaccine batches known to be contaminated with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) type 1 could cause bvd in cattle. for this purpose, four groups of cattle were used. the first group (n = 4 calves, the positive control group), was vaccinated with vaccine from a batch contaminated with bvdv type 2. the second group (n = 4 calves, the negative control group), was vaccinated with vaccine from a batch that was not cont ... | 2001 | 11285641 |
| an inactivated bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) type 1 vaccine affords clinical protection against bvdv type 2. | this study was designed to answer to two distinct questions. firstly, is it possible to reproduce clinical signs of acute bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) type 2 infection including signs of haemorrhagic disease under experimental conditions in cattle at 20 weeks of age? secondly, what is the extent of the protection afforded by vaccination with an inactivated bvdv type 1 vaccine against bvdv type 2 infection? calves were vaccinated at 12 and 16 weeks of age with a commercially available inac ... | 2001 | 11312023 |
| genomic characterization of pestiviruses isolated from lambs and kids in southern italy. | a nested polymerase chain reaction was used to identify 13 pestivirus strains isolated from small ruminants in several mixed (sheep and goats) flocks of southern italy, and for classification as bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) type 1, bvdv type 2, and border disease virus (bdv) genotypes. of the nine ovine isolates, two were characterized as bvdv type 1, and seven as bvdv type 2. the four pestiviruses isolated from kids belong to bvdv type 1. none of the pestivirus strains tested could be cl ... | 2001 | 11337042 |
| prevalence of genotypes 1 and 2 of bovine viral diarrhea virus in lower saxony, germany. | the aim of this study was to find whether an antigenic drift had occurred in lower saxony in the past 40 years. for this, the genetic diversity of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) isolates mainly from lower saxony was estimated by rt-pcr and sequencing of a 420 bp fragment of the e2 glycoprotein gene. sixty-one field virus isolates collected during routine diagnostics between 1960 and 2000 in lower saxony, northern germany, were analyzed. phylogenetic analysis allowed discrimination of genotyp ... | 2001 | 11376844 |
| genomic and serological diversity of bovine viral diarrhea virus in japan. | genomic properties of 62 field isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) collected from 1974 to 1999 in japan were investigated. the 5' untranslated region (utr) was amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and the 244 to 247 base nucleotide sequences were determined. serological properties were also characterized by the cross-neutralization test using antisera against the representative strain of the classified genotype. using phylogenetic tree analysis, bvdv 1 ... | 2001 | 11407396 |
| evaluation of a new sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in unprocessed fetal bovine serum. | a new sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (s-elisa) kit that uses raw (unprocessed) fetal bovine serum (fbs) as the testing sample was evaluated for upstream bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) testing. pooled fbs samples (n = 84) were tested using the s-elisa. thirty serum samples originating from persistently infected (pi) calves that had been confirmed by virus isolation (vi) as bvdv positive and another 30 samples previously confirmed by vi as bvdv negative were also evaluated. of the ... | 2001 | 11482608 |
| evidence for the presence of two novel pestivirus species. | the genus pestivirus of the family flaviviridae comprises four species, namely bovine viral diarrhea virus-1 (bvdv-1), bvdv-2, border disease virus (bdv), and classical swine fever virus (csfv). comparative analyses of partial sequences have suggested that pestivirus isolates from giraffe (giraffe-1) and reindeer (reindeer-1) are distinct from the established species (becher et al., virology 262, 64--71, 1999). in this study, we report the complete genomic sequences of pestivirus strains giraffe ... | 2001 | 11485413 |
| effect of maternal antibodies on induction and persistence of vaccine-induced immune responses against bovine viral diarrhea virus type ii in young calves. | to determine the effect of maternally derived antibodies on induction of protective immune responses against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type ii in young calves vaccinated with a modified-live bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type i vaccine. | 2001 | 11497051 |
| recombination with a cellular mrna encoding a novel dnaj protein results in biotype conversion in genotype 2 bovine viral diarrhea viruses. | bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) exist as two biotypes, cytopathic and noncytopathic, based on their ability to produce cytopathology in cultured cells. cytopathic viruses arise from noncytopathic viruses following genetic alteration (insertions, duplications, rearrangements) within the region encoding the ns2/3 protein. in bvdv genotype 2, the majority of biotype conversions result from the integration of a cellular mrna into the genomic rna of a noncytopathic virus within the ns2/3 coding ... | 2001 | 11551646 |
| distribution pattern of bovine viral diarrhoea virus strains in intensive cattle herds in italy. | the genetic variation of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) was studied by comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of 26 italian field strains collected during the period 1995-2000 in 18 cattle herds. a fragment within the 5'-untranslated region (utr) was sequenced directly from gel-purified products obtained by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. bvdv-1b (n=14), -1c (n=1), -1d (n=1) and bvdv-2 (n=2) strains have been isolated. most herds were infected by bvdv-1b. pairwise similar ... | 2001 | 11574174 |
| effect of calfhood vaccination on transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus under typical drylot dairy conditions. | to estimate transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and crude morbidity and mortality ratios in bvdv-vaccinated and unvaccinated dairy heifer calves managed under typical dairy drylot conditions. | 2001 | 11601795 |
| genotypic characteristics of bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 strains isolated in northern italy. | two strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (bvdv-2) were isolated from calves in northern italy. variations in the 5'-untranslated region (utr) of the genome were studied by primary structure alignment and neighbor-joining method based phylogenetic tree analyses and by palindromic nucleotide substitutions at the three variable loci in the 5'-utr. genetic analysis indicated their appurtenance to genovar bvdv-2a. nucleotide sequence at the 5'-utr of strain bs-95-ii, one of the italian isolates f ... | 2001 | 11642277 |
| identification of pestiviruses contaminating cell lines and fetal calf sera. | three pestiviruses in fetal calf serum (fcs), a pestivirus in porcine st cell line, and two pestiviruses in two of five bovine cell lines were detected by rt-pcr method employing panpestivirus primers selected from the 5'-non-coding region (5'-ncr). the 288 bp products were sequenced in both directions. to identify these pestiviruses, their nucleotide sequences and those of reference pestiviruses were used for construction of a dendrogram. three viruses present in fcs and a virus present in the ... | 2001 | 11719986 |
| descriptive epidemiology of postnatal bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in intensively managed dairy heifers. | to evaluate risk of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection between birth and 9 months of age for dairy replacement heifers raised under typical dry-lot management conditions. | 2001 | 11724183 |
| platelet aggregation responses and virus isolation from platelets in calves experimentally infected with type i or type ii bovine viral diarrhea virus. | altered platelet function has been reported in calves experimentally infected with type ii bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). the purpose of the present study was to further evaluate the ability of bvdv isolates to alter platelet function and to examine for the presence of a virus-platelet interaction during bvdv infection. colostrum-deprived holstein calves were obtained immediately after birth, housed in isolation, and assigned to 1 of 4 groups (1 control and 3 treatment groups). control calv ... | 2001 | 11768131 |
| nylon membrane-immobilized pcr for detection of bovine viruses. | bridge technology is an amplification technique in which pairs of primers are immobilized on a solid support, allowing amplification only at the location of the primer pair spot. the technique has diagnostic potential since an array of primer pairs, each specific for a different pathogen, can be used with a diagnostic sample without inter-pair interactions that plague the development of multiplex pcrs. as a result, one assay should be able to determine which of multiple pathogens are present and ... | 2002 | 11808702 |
| modulation of sex hormone secretion in cows by acute infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is a major pathogen of cattle and is responsible for considerable reproductive loss. in this study, the in vivo responses in six multiparous cows were investigated after a non-cytopathogenic bvdv challenge (strain pe 515; 5 x 10(6) tissue culture infective dose 50) given 9 days before a synchronized ovulation. six similar cows challenged with non-infectious culture medium served as controls. the experimental noncytopathogenic bvdv infection was followed by a v ... | 2002 | 11866695 |
| a single amino acid is critical for the expression of b-cell epitopes on the helicase domain of the pestivirus ns3 protein. | truncated ns3 proteins, expressed by recombinant baculoviruses, were used to investigate the location of conserved b-cell epitopes on this non-structural bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) protein. a goat anti-pestivirus antiserum, and a panel of anti-ns3 monoclonal antibodies, including the bvdv-1 specific antibody p1d8, were used to verify the presence or absence of the epitopes. interestingly, the monoclonal antibodies reacted only with the truncated protein encompassing the helicase domain ... | 2002 | 11900844 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the 5'-untranslated region of german bvdv type ii isolates. | on the basis of genetic differences, bovine viral diarrhoea viruses (bvdv) are subclassified into two distinct genotypes, bvdv type i and bvdv type ii. we selected german bvdv type ii isolates using the bvdv type i-specific monoclonal antibody wb160 and flow cytometric analysis for further characterization. for molecular characterization, a 288-bp fragment of the 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr) of the selected isolates was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) ... | 2002 | 11911592 |
| leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in pigs after infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus-2 (bvdv-2). | the aim of this study was to investigate whether bovine viral diarrhoea virus-2 (bvdv-2) is pathogenic for pigs, which organs become infected and whether or to which extent the virus is excreted into the environment. ten pigs were observed for clinical reactions after infection with a bvdv-2 strain, that has been shown to be pathogenic in calves under experimental conditions. samples were taken to monitor thrombocyte and leukocyte counts as well as antibody development. post mortem examinations ... | 2002 | 12073495 |
| bovine virus diarrhoea virus--which way to turn? | 2002 | 12090762 | |
| phylogenetic analysis of brazilian bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 (bvdv-2) isolates: evidence for a subgenotype within bvdv-2. | phylogenetic analysis divides bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) into two different genotypes (bvdv1 and bvdv2). bvdv1 strains have been further subdivided into two to 11 subgenotypes. phylogenetic analysis of bvdv2 isolates, however, has not been able to identify discrete subgenotypes. in this study, we identified six south american bvdv2 strains and one north american bvdv2 strain that cluster to a separate genetic group within bvdv2, thus representing a distinct subgenotype. the 5' untransl ... | 2002 | 12135789 |
| evaluation of health status of calves and the impact on feedlot performance: assessment of a retained ownership program for postweaning calves. | the objective of this study was to evaluate animal health status at entry to a feedlot against feedlot performance and carcass value. there were 24 herds represented by 417 calves in a retained ownership program. the health status at entry was represented by the levels of serum antibody to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv), bovine viral diarrhea viruses 1 and 2 (bvdv1a, bvdv2), parainfluenza 3 virus (pi3v), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), mannheimia haemolytica, and paste ... | 2002 | 12146889 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) 1b: predominant bvdv subtype in calves with respiratory disease. | the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections was determined in 2 groups of stocker calves with acute respiratory disease. both studies used calves assembled after purchase from auction markets by an order buyer and transported to feedyards, where they were held for approximately 30 d. in 1 study, the calves were mixed with fresh ranch calves from a single ranch. during the studies, at day 0 and at weekly intervals, blood was collected for viral antibody testing and virus isola ... | 2002 | 12146890 |
| evaluation of the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction/probe test of serum samples and immunohistochemistry of skin sections for detection of acute bovine viral diarrhea infections. | bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) cause both acute and persistent infections. while diagnostic tests have been designed to detect animals persistently infected (pi) with bvdv, the reliability of these tests in detecting acute bvdv infections is not known. it is also possible that acute bvdv infections may be confused with persistent infections in surveys for pi animals. in this study, 2 tests presently in use in diagnostic laboratories to test for pi animals, polymerase chain reaction amplifi ... | 2002 | 12152809 |
| identification of bovine viral diarrhoea virus 2 in cattle in slovakia. | 2002 | 12199436 | |
| predicted ages of dairy calves when colostrum-derived bovine viral diarrhea virus antibodies would no longer offer protection against disease or interfere with vaccination. | to develop models that could be used to predict, for dairy calves, the age at which colostrum-derived bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) antibodies would no longer offer protection against infection or interfere with vaccination. | 2002 | 12216908 |
| clinical and epidemiologic observations of bovine viral diarrhea virus in the northwestern united states. | retrospective analyses of cases from which bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) was isolated from 1980 to 2000 were conducted. these cases originated from the northwestern us and included both beef and dairy cattle. the results indicated that there was a shift in diseases associated with bvdv infection and in the animal age at onset of disease. comparative results from the 1980 data indicated a low fetal infection rate (<5%), followed by steady increases of clinical cases and peaking at 6 months ( ... | 2002 | 12243890 |
| comparative virulence of isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus type ii in experimentally inoculated six- to nine-month-old calves. | to determine the comparative virulence of 5 isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type ii by inoculating 6- to 9-month-old beef calves with isolates originating from the tissues of cattle affected with naturally occurring, transient, acute, nonfatal infections or naturally occurring, peracute, fatal infections. | 2002 | 12371763 |
| distribution of viral antigen and development of lesions after experimental infection with highly virulent bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in calves. | to correlate tissue distribution with development of lesions after experimental infection with a virulent strain of noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type 2 in calves. | 2002 | 12428670 |
| bvd virus genotype 2 detected in british cattle. | 2002 | 12448496 | |
| genetic diversity of recent bovine viral diarrhoea viruses from the southeast of austria (styria). | to characterise the bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) isolates circulating in the southeastern region of austria, namely in the province of styria, 71 blood samples collected between 1998 and 2000 from persistently infected cattle in 62 herds were subjected to genetic typing. for this, 288bp fragments from the 5' untranslated region (5'-utr) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction after reverse transcription (rt-pcr). the products were sequenced and used for phylogenetic analysis. seventy ... | 2003 | 12458175 |
| foetal protection against bovine virus diarrhoea virus after two-step vaccination. | in order to assess the efficacy of a two-step vaccination protocol with respect to foetal protection against transplacental infections with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) with special attention to bvdv-2 seronegative heifers were vaccinated with an inactivated bvdv-1 vaccine and boostered with a modified live bvdv-1 vaccine after 4 weeks. a second group was left unvaccinated as control. between days 30 and 120 of pregnancy the heifers of both groups were intranasally challenged with a mixtu ... | 2002 | 12485359 |
| studies of the pathogenesis of bovine pestivirus-induced ovarian dysfunction in superovulated dairy cattle. | two experiments (experiment i, n=12 holstein-friesian heifers; experiment ii, n=8 jersey cows) were conducted to investigate the pathogenesis of bovine pestivirus-induced ovarian dysfunction in cattle. in both experiments the cattle were superovulated with twice daily injections of a porcine pituitary extract preparation of follicle stimulating hormone (fsh-p), for 4 days commencing on day 10+/-2 after a presynchronised oestrus. the heifers received a total dose of 30 mg and the cows 32 mg of fs ... | 2003 | 12517403 |
| effect of passive immunity on the development of a protective immune response against bovine viral diarrhea virus in calves. | to determine whether passively acquired antibodies prevent development of a protective immune response to live virus in calves. | 2003 | 12518880 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1- and type 2-specific bovine t lymphocyte-subset responses following modified-live virus vaccination. | expression of cd25 (interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain) was used to monitor antigen-specific activation of t lymphocyte subsets (cd4+, cd8+, and gamma delta t cells) from cattle immunized with modified-live virus (mlv) bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) vaccines. two groups of 15 animals each were vaccinated with one dose of either bvdv genotype 1 (bvdv-1) or bvdv-1 and bvdv genotype 2 (bvdv-1/2). six animals negative for both bvdv antibody and bvdv virus were used as negative controls. three an ... | 2002 | 12584672 |
| [kinetics and persistence of neutralizing antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus-1 and -2 and border disease virus after two step vaccination of cattle]. | the aim of the study was the assessment of rise and persistence of neutralizing antibodies (nab) to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and border disease virus (bdv) after a two step vaccination using an inactivated bvdv/bdv (mucobovin) and a modified live bvdv vaccine (vacoviron). in a first experiment eight heifers were kept in isolation and were serologically surveyed regularly over a three year period after vaccination. the same experiment was done with 80 vaccinated cattle kept under field ... | 2003 | 12596665 |
| genetic diversity of ruminant pestiviruses from spain. | the genetic diversity of ruminant pestiviruses from spain was investigated by sequencing analysis of the 5' non-coding region (5'ncr) from 10 ovine and 41 bovine samples collected along 4 years (1999-2002) from different farms. the 5'ncr amplicons generated by a one-tube rt-pcr using primers 324/326 were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. when compared with strains from genbank database, spanish viruses clustered into three genotypes: bvdv 1, bdv and csfv. no bvdv 2 strains were identified ... | 2003 | 12606077 |
| efficacy of bovine viral diarrhea vaccine used in japan against bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 strain 890. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) has been segregated into two genotypes, type 1 and type 2. to determine the efficacy of the commercially available bovine viral diarrhea type 1 vaccine used in japan against bvdv type 2, calves were infected with bvdv type 2 strain 890 4 weeks after administration of the vaccine. the vaccinated calves did not develop any clinical signs and hematological changes such as observed in unvaccinated calves after the challenge. furthermore, the challenge virus was not ... | 2003 | 12655125 |
| quantification, risk factors, and health impact of natural congenital infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy calves. | to estimate risk and identify risk factors for congenital infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) not resulting in persistent infection and examine effect of congenital infection on health of dairy calves. | 2003 | 12661878 |
| distribution of viral antigen and development of lesions after experimental infection of calves with a bvdv 2 strain of low virulence. | to examine the virus-host interaction in subclinical bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections, the spread of a bvdv 2 strain of low virulence to different organs and the development of lesions were investigated. eight colostrum-deprived, clinically healthy, 2-3-month-old calves were intranasally inoculated with 10(6) tissue culture infective dose of the naturally occurring bvdv 2 strain 28508-5 of low virulence, and 2 served as controls. two calves each were euthanized at days 3, 6, 9, and ... | 2003 | 12735344 |
| evaluation of a modified live virus type-1a bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccine (singer strain) against a type-2 (strain 890) challenge. | both type-1 and type-2 bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections are responsible for major losses in the cattle industry. however, several commercial bvdv vaccines contain only a type-1 strain. a vaccine trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of bvdv type-1 (singer strain; bvdv-1) vaccine for protecting calves challenged with virulent bvdv type-2 (890 strain; bvdv-2). thirty-eight bvdv-negative calves were randomly allocated to four groups. one group was treated with a modified live vi ... | 2003 | 12756633 |
| evaluation of shedding of bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus 1, and bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 after vaccination of calves with a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine. | to determine whether bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1), bovine viral diarrhea (bvdv) virus 1 (bvdv1), or bvdv 2 (bvdv2) were shed after parenteral administration of a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine. | 2003 | 12762386 |
| bovine viral diarrhoea virus antigenic diversity: impact on disease and vaccination programmes. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) infections in cattle are associated with a variety or "diverse" clinical forms. these include digestive tract, respiratory, foetal (varied, dependent on foetal age), haemorrhagic and systemic diseases such as mucosal disease, and immunosuppression and inapparent infections. the bvdv isolates themselves are "diverse" with genotype differences based on nucleotide sequences, antigenic variability and biotypes (presence or absence of cytopathology in cell culture) ... | 2003 | 12770537 |
| gene expression changes in bvdv2-infected mdbk cells. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is a ubiquitous viral pathogen of cattle. the virus exists as one of two biotypes, cytopathic and non-cytopathic, based on the ability to induce cytopathic effect in cell culture. the non-cytopathic biotypes are able to establish non-apparent, persistent infections in both cell culture and in bovine foetuses of fewer than 150 days gestation. the mechanism by which viral tolerance is established is unknown. to examine the changes in gene expression that occur f ... | 2003 | 12770538 |
| lesions and tissue distribution of viral antigen in severe acute versus subclinical acute infection with bvdv2. | differences in the distribution and spread of viral antigen, development of lesions and correlation between presence of viral antigen and lesions were compared between a low and highly virulent strain of bvdv2. two groups of two-week- to two-month-old colostrum-deprived calves were inoculated intranasally with the naturally occurring low virulent bvdv2 strain 28508-5 or the highly virulent strain 1373. to study the sequence of virus spread and lesion development, calves were necropsied at days t ... | 2003 | 12770542 |
| maternal antibody blocks humoral but not t cell responses to bvdv. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) contributes significantly to health-related economic losses in the beef and dairy industry. antibodies of maternal origin can be protective against bvdv infection, however, calves with low titres of maternal antibody or that do not receive colostrum may be at risk for acute bvdv infection. interference by high titres of maternal antibodies prevents the development of an antibody response following vaccination with either a killed or attenuated bvdv vaccine. ho ... | 2003 | 12770543 |
| bvdv genotypes and biotypes: practical implications for diagnosis and control. | 2003 | 12770544 | |
| [heterogeneity of ruminant pestiviruses: academic interest or important basis for the development of vaccines and diagnostics?]. | pestiviruses cause economically important diseases of farm animals. members of the pestiviruses are bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bvdv-2, classical swine fever virus (csfv) and border disease virus (bdv). phylogenetic analyses based on the entire nucleic acid sequence encoding the npro allow a statistically significant segregation of established species and of subgroups within the species. bvdv-1 strains isolated in germany can be associated with at least five different subgroups. in c ... | 2003 | 12784555 |
| response of calves persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) subtype 1b after vaccination with heterologous bvdv strains in modified live virus vaccines and mannheimia haemolytica bacterin-toxoid. | seronegative persistently infected (pi) calves with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) subtype 1b were vaccinated with each of four modified live virus (mlv) bvdv vaccines and a mannheimia haemolytica bacterin-toxoid. nasal swabs and peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) were collected for virus isolation and serums were collected after vaccination and tested for bvdv1a, bvdv1b, bvdv2, bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (pi-3v), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) a ... | 2003 | 12798641 |
| cytopathogenicity of pestiviruses: cleavage of bovine viral diarrhea virus ns2-3 has to occur at a defined position to allow viral replication. | despite of highly divergent genome organizations, the n terminus of nonstructural protein 3 (ns3) is highly conserved between cytopathogenic (cp) bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) strains. generation of ns3, often by ns2-3 cleavage, is a marker of cp bvdv. the significance of the cleavage site within ns2-3 for viral replication was addressed by the use of bvdv replicons. our results demonstrate that elongation as well as truncation of ns3 strongly interfere with viral rna replication. this find ... | 2003 | 12827468 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of novel pestivirus genotypes: implications for classification. | currently, the genus pestivirus comprises the four approved species bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bvdv-2, classical swine fever virus (csfv), and border disease virus (bdv) and one tentative fifth species represented by a single strain (h138) isolated from a giraffe in kenya more than 30 years ago. to further address the issue of heterogeneity of pestiviruses we have determined the entire n(pro) and e2 coding sequences for several new pestivirus isolates. interestingly, phylogenetic an ... | 2003 | 12832207 |
| a hepadnavirus regulatory element enhances expression of a type 2 bovine viral diarrhea virus e2 protein from a bovine herpesvirus 1 vector. | recently, the possibility of using virus vectors to immunize cattle against selected bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) genes has gained widespread interest. however, when we attempted to express the e2 protein from type 2 (890 strain) bvdv in a bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) vector, we observed that expression was poor. this often happens when genes from a cytoplasmic virus are expressed in the cell nucleus. to counter this effect, we attempted to enhance expression by a strategy employed by virus ... | 2003 | 12885896 |
| experimental model of type ii bovine viral diarrhea virus-induced thrombocytopenia in neonatal calves. | thrombocytopenia has been associated with type ii bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection in immunocompetent cattle, but the mechanism is unknown. the purpose of the present study was to develop and characterize a model of type ii bvdv-induced thrombocytopenia. colostrum-deprived holstein calves were obtained immediately after birth, given a bvdv-negative and bvdv antibody-negative plasma transfusion, housed in an isolation facility, and randomly assigned to either control (n = 4) or infect ... | 1999 | 12968732 |
| assessment of the clinical and virological protection provided by a commercial inactivated bovine viral diarrhoea virus genotype 1 vaccine against a bvdv genotype 2 challenge. | a new genotype of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv), designated bvdv-2, has emerged in the last decade and in recent years the prevalence of bvdv-2 strains has increased. a vaccination-challenge study was carried out to determine the cross-protective efficacy of a commercial inactivated vaccine containing a bvdv-1 strain. a group of five bvdv-free calves was vaccinated twice and a second group of five calves served as negative controls. two months after the first vaccination, all the calves we ... | 2003 | 13677324 |
| the live attenuated bovine viral diarrhea virus components of a multi-valent vaccine confer protection against fetal infection. | fetal infection with bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv) causes severe economic loss and virus spread in cattle. this study investigated the ability of modified live bvdv i and ii components of a commercially available modified live virus (mlv) vaccine (breed-back fp 10, boehringer ingelheim vetmedica inc.) to prevent fetal infection and abortion, and therefore the birth of persistently infected animals. heifers immunized with vaccine 4-8 weeks before insemination showed no adverse effects. all v ... | 2003 | 14519330 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus genomic associations in mucosal disease, enteritis and generalized dermatitis outbreaks in argentina. | the objective of the present work is the description outbreaks caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in commercial beef cattle ranches in argentina. genetic affiliation and their association with the clinical manifestation were carried out with five bvdv isolates from an outbreak of mucosal disease (md) (outbreak #1), acute enteritis (outbreaks #2 and #3) and generalized dermatitis (outbreaks #4 and #5). upon genetic analysis cp bvdv isolate of outbreak #1 clustered to closely to bvdv ore ... | 2003 | 14519331 |
| gene expression changes in mdbk cells infected with genotype 2 bovine viral diarrhoea virus. | bovine viral diarrhoea viruses (bvdvs) are ubiquitous viral pathogens of cattle. these viruses exist as one of two biotypes, cytopathic and noncytopathic, based on the ability to induce cytopathic effect in cell culture. the noncytopathic biotypes are able to establish inapparent, persistent infections in both cell culture and in bovine foetuses of less than 150 days gestation. interactions with the host cell and the mechanism by which viral tolerance is established are unknown. to examine the c ... | 2003 | 14599778 |
| genetic heterogeneity of bovine viral diarrhoea viruses from spain. | forty-four bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) isolates collected from the north of spain between 1989 and 2000 were characterised at the molecular level. for 24 of these isolates the entire n(pro) gene sequence was determined. phylogenetic analysis revealed that 21 isolates belong to subgroup bvdv-1b, while two bvdv-1c isolates and one bvdv-1h isolate were found. furthermore, 20 additional virus isolates were analysed by differential reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and ... | 2003 | 14599780 |
| experimental infection of calves with bovine viral diarrhoea virus type-2 (bvdv-2) isolated from a contaminated vaccine. | a non-cytopathic strain of bvdv-2 was isolated from a batch of live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) vaccine, and inoculated intranasally into four 3-month-old calves. severe signs of disease developed by days 4 and 6 in three of the calves, free of bvdv and antibodies to bvdv, that had been exposed to the virus. these calves survived the acute phase of the infection and progressively recovered. bvdv was consistently isolated, or the respective viral rna was detected, in the buffy coats f ... | 2003 | 14609269 |
| comparative analysis on the 5'-untranslated region of bovine viral diarrhea virus isolated in korea. | samples of 249 bovine abortuses, one intestine, and four diarrheal stools from 254 cows were collected, and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). subsequently, virus isolation was preformed with pcr-positive samples, and then pcr product of 5(')-untranslated region (utr) of bvdv isolate was sequenced and analyzed. among the samples collected, 20 (from 17 bovine abortuses, one intestine, and two diarrheal stools) were positive ... | 2004 | 14672860 |
| maternally derived humoral immunity to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) 1a, bvdv1b, bvdv2, bovine herpesvirus-1, parainfluenza-3 virus bovine respiratory syncytial virus, mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida in beef calves, antibody decline by half-life studies and effect on response to vaccination. | the passive immunity transferred to calves from their dams was investigated in a beef herd to determine half-life of antibody, estimated time to seronegative status and effect on immunization. one hundred two beef calves in a commercial ranch under standard management conditions were utilized. samples were collected at branding (day 0). this was the first possible date to collect samples postcalving. this was approximately 2 months postcalving, and days 95 and 116. the calves were divided into t ... | 2004 | 14741155 |
| phylogenetic analysis of bovine viral diarrhea viruses using five different genetic regions. | phylogenetic analysis of the five different regions (5' non-coding region (5'ncr), n(pro), e2, ns3 and ns5b-3'ncr) of 48 japanese and reported bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) genomes was performed. japanese bvdvs were segregated into bvdv1 subdivided into six subgroups and bvdv2. one isolate, so cp/75, isolated in 1975 and previously proposed as subgroup 1e according to its 5'ncr sequence, was quite unique and formed an independent lineage in the tree of any region. another isolate, 190cp, ob ... | 2004 | 14749175 |