Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| food aversion learning in sheep: persistence of conditioned taste aversions to palatable shrubs (cercocarpus montanus and amelanchier alnifolia). | we studied the persistence of conditioned taste aversions in sheep and whether or not sheep averted to one shrub species would avoid another shrub species. three-month-old lambs were averted to the shrub cercocarpus montanus by pairing its ingestion with lithium chloride (licl), a nonlethal gastrointestinal poison. when lambs were yearlings, they were offered c. montanus plants growing in 8-liter pots. during the persistence trial, averted sheep took fewer (p less than .05) bites of c. montanus ... | 1990 | 2158963 |
| the establishment and persistence of food preferences in lambs exposed to selected foods. | our study determined whether lambs' food preferences developed as a result of exposure to specific foods early in life and whether the presence of the mother affected the development of dietary preferences. in the first experiment, lambs were fed wheat (w) and mountain mahogany (mm) (cercocarpus montanus) from 50 to 110 d of age. after exposure to w and mm, lambs preferred (p less than .05) w when offered with barley (b) but did not prefer (p greater than .05) mm when offered with serviceberry ( ... | 1990 | 2332399 |
| toxicity of saskatoon serviceberry to cattle. | saskatoon serviceberry (amelanchier alnifolia) twigs were administered to cattle in feed rations and by intraruminal dosing to determine the toxicity of the cyanogenic shrub. when chopped twigs were fed as 75% of the diet, cattle exhibited restlessness, shivering, loss of weight, scours and shortness of breath. low level dosing experiments indicated a rapid turnover of hydrogen cyanide in the rumen. when potential doses were increased to 5 mg hydrogen cyanide/kg (body weight) progressive stages ... | 1980 | 6244889 |
| socially induced food avoidance in lambs: direct or indirect maternal influence? | food avoidance can be directly motivated in the sense that an animal refrains from eating a food because of an aversion to it, or indirectly motivated in the sense that an animal ingests little of one item because it prefers another. we studied whether the reluctance of a lamb to eat a shrub (cercocarpus montanus) its mother avoided resulted from a socially induced aversion to c. montanus or from a socially induced preference for an alternative shrub (amelanchier alnifolia). each lamb (n = 6) in ... | 1994 | 8014154 |
| antiviral screening of british columbian medicinal plants. | one hundred methanolic plant extracts were screened for antiviral activity against seven viruses. twelve extracts were found to have antiviral activity at the non-cytotoxic concentrations tested. the extracts of rosa nutkana and amelanchier alnifolia, both members of the rosaceae, were very active against an enteric coronavirus. a root extract of another member of the rosaceae, potentilla arguta, completely inhibited respiratory syncytial virus. a sambucus racemosa branch tip extract was also ve ... | 1995 | 8847882 |
| saskatoon serviceberry and ambient sulfur dioxide exposures: study sites re-visited, 1999. | field surveys for symptoms of foliar injury in a regional airshed that is influenced by a number of point sources of sox, nox and hydrocarbons, combined with foliar and soil sulfur analyses, confirmed earlier results that saskatoon serviceberry (amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) cv. smokey can be used as a biological indicator of chronic sulfur dioxide exposures, in the presence of other phytotoxic air pollutants such as ozone. | 2001 | 11202740 |
| foliar injury symptoms of saskatoon serviceberry (amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) as a biological indicator of ambient sulfur dioxide exposures. | saskatoon serviceberry or saskatoon (amelanchier alnifolia nutt. cv. smoky) seedlings were planted at five study sites within a 35,000 km(2) airshed, that is influenced by a number of isolated stationary sources of sulfur dioxide (so(2)), oxides of nitrogen and hydrocarbons, among others. the locations of the five sites were based on the results of a meteorological dry deposition model for the oxides of sulfur and nitrogen. visible foliar injury responses of saskatoon were used as a biological i ... | 1999 | 15093041 |
| quantification and characterisation of cyclo-oxygenase and lipid peroxidation inhibitory anthocyanins in fruits of amelanchier. | the levels of bioactive anthocyanins in the fruits of amelanchier alnifolia, a. arborea and a. canadensis have been determined by hplc. cyanidin 3-galactoside (1) was present in the fresh fruit of the three species at concentrations of 155, 390 and 165 mg/100 g, respectively. cyanidin 3-glucoside (2) was present only in a. alnifolia and a. canadensis at concentrations of 54 and 48 mg/100 g, respectively. the anthocyanins were confirmed by lc-esi/ms and nmr studies. at 100 ppm, anthocyanin mixtur ... | 2006 | 15997850 |
| prolonged herbicide-induced vegetation changes in a regenerating boreal aspen clearcut. | a soil-active herbicide (hexazinone) was applied (0, 2, and 4 kg/ha of active ingredient) in a 3-year-old regenerating boreal populus tremuloides michx. (aspen) clearcut to determine its effect on the compositional and structural development of the vegetation. woody stem densities and plant foliar cover were evaluated prior to and 2, 6, and 17 years after treatment. herbicide treatment at the 2 and 4 kg/ha rates reduced tree and total woody stem densities relative to the 0 kg/ha level. the 4 kg/ ... | 2005 | 16102889 |
| in vivo detection of membrane injury at freezing temperatures. | the release of hydrogen cyanide from amelanchier alnifolia was monitored at 30 c and -10 c following lethal freezing at both slow and fast rates. assuming that hydrogen cyanide release indicates membrane damage, it was concluded that during a fatal freeze-thaw cycle membrane damage occurred during cell contraction and, therefore, was not dependent upon membrane area expansion during thawing. | 1980 | 16661397 |
| influence of cold acclimation on membrane injury in frozen plant tissue. | cold-acclimated twigs of amelanchier alnifolia nutt. released less hcn at -4.5 c than nonacclimated twigs following slow freezing to -25 c or rapid freezing to -78 c. cold-acclimated twigs frozen slowly to -25 c released more hcn than cold-acclimated twigs frozen only to -4.5 c. cold-acclimated twigs frozen slowly to -25 c and then rapidly to -78 c released less hcn at -4.5 c than cold-acclimated twigs frozen rapidly to -78 c. in general, k(+) efflux and the inability to reduce triphenyl tetrazo ... | 1981 | 16661879 |
| invasion through quantitative effects: intense shade drives native decline and invasive success. | the effects of invasive nonnative species on community composition are well documented. however, few studies have determined the mechanisms by which invaders drive these changes. the literature indicates that many nonnative plant species alter light availability differently than natives in a given community, suggesting that shading may be such a mechanism. we compared light quantity (photosynthetically active radiation, par) and quality (red: far-red ratio, r:fr) in riparian reaches heavily inva ... | 2006 | 17069374 |
| isolation and structure elucidation of procyanidin oligomers from saskatoon berries (amelanchier alnifolia). | proanthocyanidin oligomers with different degrees of polymerization were isolated from saskatoon berries (amelanchier alnifolia) by means of gel adsorption and normal-phase liquid chromatography. the proanthocyanidins were identified using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thiolytic degradation coupled with reversed-phase liquid chromatography. the results established that saskatoon berries contain proanthocyanidins from dimers through heptam ... | 2007 | 17199327 |
| characterization of cyanidin- and quercetin-derived flavonoids and other phenolics in mature saskatoon fruits (amelanchier alnifolia nutt.). | in order to further characterize the anthocyanins, flavonols, and other phenolics present in mature saskatoon ( amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) fruit, extracts were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. cyanidin 3-o-galactoside, cyanidin 3-o-glucoside, cyanidin 3-o-arabinoside, and cyanidin 3-o-xyloside were identified as the four major anthocyanins in the mature fruit. the quercetin-derived flavonols, quercetin ... | 2007 | 17994693 |
| survey of bioactive components in western canadian berries. | berries native to western canada were analyzed for total anthocyanins, total phenolics, and trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (teac). values ranged from 1.60 to 9.55 mmol trolox equivalent per 100 g fresh mass. anthocyanin content ranged from 41.6 (in red twinberries) to 1081 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents per 100 g fresh mass (in honeysuckle fruits). honeysuckle fruits contained the highest amount of total polyphenols, 1111 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g, among analyzed fruits. ... | 2007 | 18066116 |
| phytochemical composition and metabolic performance-enhancing activity of dietary berries traditionally used by native north americans. | four wild berry species, amelanchier alnifolia, viburnum trilobum, prunus virginiana, and shepherdia argentea, all integral to the traditional subsistence diet of native american tribal communities, were evaluated to elucidate phytochemical composition and bioactive properties related to performance and human health. biological activity was screened using a range of bioassays that assessed the potential for these little-known dietary berries to affect diabetic microvascular complications, hyperg ... | 2008 | 18211018 |
| berry fruits: compositional elements, biochemical activities, and the impact of their intake on human health, performance, and disease. | an overwhelming body of research has now firmly established that the dietary intake of berry fruits has a positive and profound impact on human health, performance, and disease. berry fruits, which are commercially cultivated and commonly consumed in fresh and processed forms in north america, include blackberry ( rubus spp.), black raspberry ( rubus occidentalis), blueberry ( vaccinium corymbosum), cranberry (i.e., the american cranberry, vaccinium macrocarpon, distinct from the european cranbe ... | 2008 | 18211023 |
| evaluation of saskatoon berry (amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) cultivars for their polyphenol content, antioxidant properties, and storage stability. | the polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities were assessed for 17 saskatoon berry cultivars grown in canada in fresh and stored fruits at -20 degrees c for 9 months. the nelson cultivar was the richest in total polyphenol, anthocyanin, and procyanidin contents (801, 382, and 278 mg/100 g fresh weight, respectively). this cultivar was characterized also by the highest antioxidant potential measured with dpph and abts radicals (2.8 and 5.0 mm/100 g fw, respectively). cultivar-dependent chang ... | 2008 | 18922015 |
| use of liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection for the determination of antioxidants in less common fruits. | neurodegenerative disorders (ndd) have become the common global health burden over the last several decades. according to world health organization (who), a staggering 30 million people will be affected by alzheimer's disease in europe and the usa by 2050. effective therapies in this complex field considering the multitude of symptoms associated with ndd indications, have not been found yet. based on the results of ndd related studies, prevention appears to be the promise alternative. antioxidat ... | 2008 | 19015622 |
| drying kinetics and quality characteristics of microwave-vacuum dried saskatoon berries. | saskatoon berry (amelanchier alnifolia) is a high moisture content fruit crop, harvested at 75-80% moisture content (w.b.) and dried to lower moisture contents for a safe, extended shelf-life and for further usage in food applications. saskatoon berries were dried from an initial moisture content of 75.5% to around 25% (w.b.) using microwave-vacuum drying. in this study, saskatoon berries were dried at different microwave power levels p10 (745 w), p7 (514 w) and p5 (374 w) and vacuum pressure le ... | 2008 | 19227059 |
| characterization of saskatoon berry ( amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) seed oil. | the seeds of 17 cultivars of saskatoon berries ( amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) were evaluated for their seed mass, oil content, fatty acid and triacylglycerol (tag) composition, tocopherol profile, and sterol content. the oil content of the seeds ranged from 9.4% (cv. 'pasture') to 18.7% (cv. 'thiessen'). the seed oils contained mainly linoleic acid in the range from 47.3% (cv. 'success') to 60.1% (cv. 'lee 3') and oleic acid in the range from 26.3% (cv. 'lee 3') to 38.1% (cv. 'success'). the tot ... | 2009 | 19449814 |
| bioactive polyphenols in leaves, stems, and berries of saskatoon (amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) cultivars. | the saskatoon berry is currently cultivated in many parts of the world for its suitability for various food products and due to its high content of nutrients and polyphenols. to determine the phytochemical profile of a saskatoon plant, polyphenols from leaves, stems, and berries were screened from four cultivars grown in finland using hplc-dad and hplc-esi/ms. the phenolic composition and concentrations varied among plant parts and cultivars. the main berry components were cyanidin-based anthocy ... | 2012 | 22220589 |
| serviceberry [amelanchier alnifolia (nutt.) nutt. ex. m. roem (rosaceae)] leaf extract inhibits mammalian α-glucosidase activity and suppresses postprandial glycemic response in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia. | serviceberry or saskatoon berry [amelanchier alnifolia (nutt.) nutt. ex. m. roem (rosaceae)], native to the north glacier forests of the rocky mountains in montana, has been used by the blackfeet indian tribe in alleviation of diabetes. anecdotally, tea made from twigs and leaves have been used for optimum health and diabetes management. however, such traditional knowledge of the medicinal properties of amelanchier alnifolia has not been validated by scientific studies. the goal of this study wa ... | 2012 | 22796507 |
| evaluation of polyphenolic profile and nutritional value of non-traditional fruit species in the czech republic--a comparative study. | dry matter, organic acids, ascorbic acid, minerals (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium) and polyphenolic profile of a number of non-traditional fruit species and their genotypes, namely blue honeysuckle (lonicera spp.), saskatoon berry (amelanchier alnifolia), black mulberry (morus nigra), tomentosa cherry (prunus tomentosa thunb.) and jostaberry (ribes nigrum x grossularia uva-crispa) were investigated. the results showed that lonicera genotypes displayed high levels of ... | 2012 | 22842642 |
| trophic cascades from wolves to grizzly bears in yellowstone. | we explored multiple linkages among grey wolves (canis lupus), elk (cervus elaphus), berry-producing shrubs and grizzly bears (ursus arctos) in yellowstone national park. we hypothesized competition between elk and grizzly bears whereby, in the absence of wolves, increases in elk numbers would increase browsing on berry-producing shrubs and decrease fruit availability to grizzly bears. after wolves were reintroduced and with a reduced elk population, we hypothesized there would be an increase in ... | 2014 | 24033136 |
| flavonoid profile of saskatoon berries (amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) and their health promoting effects. | flavonoids are a significant group of secondary metabolites in plants. many of these compounds are potent antioxidants, being an important part in food products derived from the plants. the current status of research on flavonoid compounds in the fruit of saskatoon berries (amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) and their health promoting effects, including recommended utilization, are reviewed. the major classes of flavonoids in the fruit are flavonols (quercetin and rutin), flavanes (proanthocyanidin co ... | 2013 | 24126375 |
| molecular screening of phytochemicals from amelanchier alnifolia against hcv ns3 protease/helicase using computational docking techniques. | hepatitis c is serious health concern worldwide caused by hcv. it causes liver cirrhosis and hepato-cellular carcinoma. development of prevention solutions is under progress. meanwhile, the treatment of the viral disease using compounds isolated from natural medicinal plants is promising. the traditional use of photo-chemicals from medicinal plants like amelanchier alnifolia for viral treatment is hopeful. therefore, it is of interest to screen for flavonoids from amelanchier alnifolia against p ... | 2013 | 24391361 |
| phenolics and antioxidant activity of saskatoon berry (amelanchier alnifolia) pomace extract. | saskatoon berries (amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) have significantly higher levels of anthocyanins (acy) among berries with potential health benefits. the pomace is a by-product of juice extracted from berries and is a potential source of inexpensive polyphenols. the objectives of this study were to extract the maximum amount of total phenolics from saskatoon pomace, to determine the antioxidant activity, and to identify individual phenolic components. pomace extracts showed high content of total ... | 2014 | 24476215 |
| developmental profile of anthocyanin, flavonol, and proanthocyanidin type, content, and localization in saskatoon fruits (amelanchier alnifolia nutt.). | saskatoons (amelanchier alnifolia nutt.) are small fruits that contain substantial quantities of flavonoids. to further characterize and understand the role of these flavonoids during fruit development, anthocyanins, flavonols, and proanthocyanidins were identified, quantified, and localized over development in cultivars that produce blue-purple or white fruit at maturity. anthocyanin content was low in young fruit and then dramatically increased as the fruit transitioned into ripening only in t ... | 2015 | 25562425 |
| electrochemical determination of the antioxidant potential of some less common fruit species. | various berries and fruit types of less common fruit species are known to contain antioxidants. consumption of high amounts of antioxidant flavonoids, which display a variety of biological properties, including antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activity, may have a positive impact on human health, particularly for the prevention of cancer and other inflammatory diseases. in these studies, based on the hypothesis that the fruit extract with the highest content would possess significantly hi ... | 2008 | 27873945 |
| convergence in leaf size versus twig leaf area scaling: do plants optimize leaf area partitioning? | corner's rule states that thicker twigs bear larger leaves. the exact nature of this relationship and why it should occur has been the subject of numerous studies. it is obvious that thicker twigs should support greater total leaf area ([formula: see text]) for hydraulical and mechanical reasons. but it is not obvious why mean leaf size ([formula: see text]) should scale positively with [formula: see text] we asked what this scaling relationship is within species and how variable it is across sp ... | 2017 | 28028019 |
| the relationships between relative growth rate, meristematic potential and compensatory growth of semiarid-land shrubs. | inherent relative growth rate has been suggested as a major determinant of plant species' capacity to regrow and compensate for tissues lost to herbivores. we investigated: 1) the relationship between compensatory growth capacity and relative growth rate (rgr) in six semiarid-land shrubs following removal in winter or spring of 90% of the previous year's growth, 2) the influence of loss of buds on production of new growth and 3) the relationship between meristematic potential and the capacity to ... | 1992 | 28313526 |