Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| experimental infection of adult axenic rats with parker's rat coronavirus. | the pathogenesis of parker's rat coronavirus (prcv) was studied in axenic cd rats. three to four 9 to 10 week old rats were euthanized daily for eight days after intranasal inoculation. rats remained free of clinical disease. virus was recovered from the nasopharynx and trachea after twenty-four hours and from the lung by day three but was not detected in respiratory tract after seven days. viral antigen was detected by indirect immunofluorescence in the mucosal epithelium of upper respiratory t ... | 1977 | 907478 |
| a comparison of the sensitivity and specificity of sialodacryoadenitis virus, parker's rat coronavirus, and mouse hepatitis virus-infected cells as a source of antigen for the detection of antibody to rat coronaviruses. | sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) and parker's rat coronavirus (prc) are two recognized viral strains which cause spontaneous disease in the laboratory rat. currently there is no recognized practical procedure which will accurately differentiate infections with these strains. using sdav- and prc-infected l-2 cells as the source of antigen, and sera from rats collected post inoculation with either of these viral strains, the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) procedure was used to determine wheth ... | 1991 | 1877886 |
| susceptibility of rodent cell lines to rat coronaviruses and differential enhancement by trypsin or deae-dextran. | cell lines of rodent origin were tested for susceptibility to infection with rat coronavirus (rcv), including sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) and parker's rat coronavirus (prcv). lbc rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells were susceptible only if the cells were treated with diethylaminoethyl-dextran (deae-d). a recent report that rcvs grow well in l2 mouse fibroblast cells was confirmed and expanded. rcv infection of l2 cells was substantially enhanced by treatment of cells with trypsin but not by tr ... | 1991 | 2048975 |
| studies on the development of an elisa kit for microbiological monitoring. 1. evaluation of the reliability of the prototype kit by field tests. | the prototype of an elisa kit using protein a as the second reaction reagent for mice and anti-rat igg for rats was prepared for seromonitoring of the sendai virus and mouse hepatitis virus (mhv)/sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav)/parker's rat coronavirus (pcv) infections. the respective antigen strains and protein concentrations were sendai virus mn strain, 2 micrograms/ml and mhv nu-67 strain, 5 micrograms/ml. the reliability of this prototype kit was investigated in two field tests performed on ... | 1990 | 2154385 |
| studies on the development of an elisa kit for microbiological monitoring. 2. improvement of the prototype elisa kit with special references to mouse hepatitis virus antigen. | improvement of the mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) antigen in a prototype elisa kit was performed. equivalent divalent antigens of mhv nu-67 and s strains with a protein concentration of 10 micrograms/ml showed the best sensitivity and specificity for the detection of mhv and sialodacryoadenitis/parker's rat coronavirus antibodies in mice and rats, respectively. an increase in the reliability of macroscopic evaluation of both antibody tests is expected by using the newly manufactured kit with the im ... | 1990 | 2154386 |
| antiviral activity of the novel immune modulator 7-thia-8-oxoguanosine. | a novel thiazolopyrimidine nucleoside, 5-amino-3-beta-d-ribofuranosylthiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,7(3h,6h) -dione (7-thia-8-oxoguanosine), was evaluated for antiviral activity in rodent models, and at 50-200 mg/kg prevented death in mice inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with semliki forest, san angelo, and banzi viruses when administered i.p. before virus challenge. similarly, the nucleoside was effective against an intranasal challenge of rat coronavirus in suckling rats, with activity presen ... | 1990 | 2156954 |
| duration of protection from reinfection following exposure to sialodacryoadenitis virus in wistar rats. | wistar rats [cr1:(wi)br] were inoculated intranasally with approximately 10(3) median mouse lethal infective doses of sialodacryoadenitis (sda) virus. animals were subsequently selected at random, removed to a separate isolation room, and reinfected with sda virus at 3, 6, 9, 12 or 15 months. pre- and postinoculation serum samples were collected from all animals during the course of the study and evaluated for antibody titers to sda virus. all experimental, control and sentinel animals, followin ... | 1990 | 2157092 |
| infection of sdav-immune rats with sdav and rat coronavirus. | infection of rats with sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) or rat coronavirus (rcv) is acute and self-limiting, and elimination and control of either virus is based on the assumption that recovered rats are immune to reinfection. to test this hypothesis, we examined whether sdav-immune rats could be infected with rcv or reinfected with sdav. sprague dawley (sd) rats were inoculated intranasally with sdav or with culture medium alone and serial sdav antibody titers were obtained. eleven months after ... | 1990 | 2166861 |
| experimental parker's coronavirus infection in wistar rats. | specific pathogen free (spf) male wistar rats were inoculated intranasally with parker's rat coronavirus (prc), then killed at various intervals post-inoculation (pi). prc inoculated rats had transient respiratory signs. intermandibular swelling was evident in some rats at 6-8 days pi. during the acute stages of the disease, inflammatory lesions were present in the respiratory tract and in the salivary and lacrimal glands. regenerative lesions were observed in the salivary and lacrimal glands at ... | 1990 | 2172623 |
| plaque assay and propagation in rat cell line lbc cells of rat coronavirus and 5 strains of sialodacryoadenitis virus. | various factors influencing the plaque formation of rat coronavirus (rcv) and sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) in lbc cell monolayers were studied to develop the practical method for plaque assay. by this method, 4 japanese isolates of sdav also produced clear plaques. in one-step growth experiments of these viruses, newly formed virus was first recognized within 7.5 h postinfection and showed subsequently a rapid exponential increase. the virus was released rapidly from the infected cells. by i ... | 1990 | 2363328 |
| characteristics of parker's rat coronavirus (prc) replicated in l-2 cells. | parker's rat coronavirus (prc) is a naturally-occurring viral infection of the laboratory rat. on the first passage, atcc strain 8190 of prc replicated in l-2 cells. using the tenth passage of prc in l-2 cells, the characteristics of the virus were compared with previous studies of sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) replicated in l-2 cells. based on light and immunofluorescence microscopic examination of control and inoculated cell cultures, prc-associated cpe was frequently confined primarily to ... | 1990 | 2378568 |
| influence of viral infections on body weight, survival, and tumor prevalence in fischer 344/ncr rats on two-year studies. | sendai virus (sv), pneumonia virus of mice (pvm), and rat coronavirus/sialodacryoadenitis virus (rcv/sdav) were common viral infections of rats in the national cancer institute-national toxicology program (nci-ntp) studies from 1977 to 1983. influence of these viral infections on body weight, survival, and prevalences of spontaneous tumors in the f344/ncr rats of 28 diet control groups at five different laboratories were evaluated. tumor prevalences evaluated in this investigation included the f ... | 1989 | 2554057 |
| broad-spectrum in vivo antiviral activity of 7-thia-8-oxoguanosine, a novel immunopotentiating agent. | a novel immunopotentiating agent, 5-amino-3-beta-d-ribofuranosylthiazolo [4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,7(3h,6h)-dione (7-thia-8-oxoguanosine), lacks virus-inhibitory properties in vitro but induces interferon and potentiates immune functions, such as natural killer cell activity. it was evaluated in rodent models to determine the spectrum of antiviral activity and effective treatment regimens. at 50 to 200 mg/kg given as single or divided intraperitoneal (i.p.) doses 1 day before virus inoculation, signif ... | 1989 | 2817849 |
| reactivities of 4 murine coronavirus antigens with immunized or naturally infected rat sera by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. | four murine coronavirus antigens, sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) strain tg, parker's rat coronavirus (pcv) strain 8190, mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) strains s and nuu, were examined for their reactivities to hyperimmunized and naturally infected rat sera by elisa. with the immunized sera, sdav and pcv antigens reacted best with respective homologous sera. mhv antigens reacted with all antisera, anti-sdav, anti-pcv, and anti-mhv-s at approximately the same level, and mhv-s showed a slightly high ... | 1988 | 2843391 |
| two enzyme immunoassays for the detection of antibody to rodent coronaviruses. | two enzyme immunoassays for detection of antibody to rodent coronaviruses were compared. mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), strain jhm, antigen was in the form of formalin-fixed, infected 17 c1 1 cells. this antigen detected antibody to the homologous strain of mhv as well as to two heterologous mhv strains and a serologically related rat coronavirus, sialodacryodenititis virus. antibody titers in assays using horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-conjugated or ureiase-conjugated anti-mouse igg were substantia ... | 1986 | 3025244 |
| prevalence of natural virus infections in laboratory mice and rats used in canada. | results of serological tests carried out over a period of 6 years to detect the presence of antibodies against 14 indigenous viruses in mice and rats used in 32 canadian institutions are reported. close to 20,000 individual sera were tested by the complement fixation or the hemagglutination inhibition technics. in order of mouse colony prevalence the six most common viruses present were pneumonia virus of mice, mouse hepatitis virus, rat virus, minute virus of mice, sendai, and theiler's mouse e ... | 1986 | 3084866 |
| replication of rat coronavirus in a rat cell line, lbc. brief report. | rat coronavirus readily propagated and induced marked cytopathic effect in a rat cell line, lbc cell culture, which provided a sensitive, practical assay system for viral infectivity and neutralizing antibody, and a satisfactory source of the virus. | 1985 | 3896201 |
| rat coronavirus (rcv): a prevalent, naturally occurring pneumotropic virus of rats. | 1970 | 4099196 | |
| characterization of a coronavirus isolated from rats with sialoadenitis. | a causative agent, provisionally designated as cars, was isolated from the enlarged submaxillary gland of rat which was characterized as a sialoadenitis, using mouse-derived balb/c3t3 clone a31 (3t3) cell culture. the virus could be propagated in 3t3 cell culture where it produced multinucleated giant cells and formed clear plaques. it was identified as a member of the coronavirus group from the following results: rna content was suggested by the lack of the effect of cytosine arabinoside, the i ... | 1982 | 6289776 |
| viral enhancement of nasal colonization with haemophilus influenzae type b in the infant rat. | infant rats infected with influenza a virus, sendai (parainfluenza 1) virus or rat coronavirus were used to determine whether viral infection increases the intensity of nasal colonization with haemophilus influenzae type b (hib). intranasal inoculation of hib in rats previously infected with each of these viruses resulted in nasal hib titers at least 100-fold higher than those for controls during the first 2 wk after hib inoculation, and as much as 10,000-fold higher during the first week. child ... | 1983 | 6308551 |
| broad-spectrum activity of 8-chloro-7-deazaguanosine against rna virus infections in mice and rats. | a novel nucleoside analog, 8-chloro-7-deazaguanosine (8-cl-7-dzguo), was evaluated for anti-rna virus activity in rodents in parallel with the related compound 7-deaza-7-thia-8-oxoguanosine (7-dztoguo). half-daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) doses of each substance administered 24 and 18 h prior to i.p. virus challenge protected the majority of mice infected with banzi, encephalomyocarditis, san angelo, and semliki forest viruses at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day. these compounds at 100 mg/kg/day ... | 1995 | 7605116 |
| development and optimization of plaque assays for rat coronaviruses. | plaque assays under sephadex or agarose overlays are described for rat coronaviruses (rcvs) grown in l2 mouse fibroblasts. a plaque assay using sephadex was simple; however, viable plaques could not be collected for propagation, and fixation was necessary before evaluation. plaque formation under agarose was optimized using diethylaminoethyl-dextran (deae-d) in the pre-treatment and absorption media and trypsin added to the absorption media and agarose overlay. the use of deae-d alone, trypsin a ... | 1993 | 7689580 |
| effect of time of exposure to rat coronavirus and mycoplasma pulmonis on respiratory tract lesions in the wistar rat. | the effects of time of exposure on the progression of pulmonary lesions in rats inoculated with mycoplasma pulmonis and the rat coronavirus, sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) were studied, using six groups of 18 spf wistar rats (n = 108). rats were inoculated intranasally as follows: group 1, sterile medium only; group 2, sterile medium followed one week later by 150 tcid50 sdav; group 3, sterile medium followed by 10(5.7) colony forming units of m. pulmonis; group 4, sdav followed one week later ... | 1995 | 7704844 |
| coronavirus infections in the laboratory rat: degree of cross protection following immunization with a heterologous strain. | one hundred and twenty-one specific pathogen-free male wistar rats eight to ten weeks of age were used to evaluate the efficacy of parker's rat coronavirus (prc) in affording cross protection on subsequent challenge with virulent sialodacryoadenitis (sda) virus. sixty-two animals were inoculated intranasally on day 0 and 21 days later with approximately 10(2) median tissue culture infective doses (tcid50) of the tenth passage of prc replicated in l-2 cells. animals were selected at random postva ... | 1994 | 7954126 |
| preliminary characterization of the structural proteins of the coronaviruses, sialodacryoadenitis virus and parker's rat coronavirus. | a procedure was developed for the partial purification of the rat coronaviruses, sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) and parker's rat coronavirus (prc). the sdav and prc were replicated in l-2 cell monolayer cultures, precipitated with ammonium sulphate, and further concentrated using sucrose density gradient centrifugation. the major sdav and prc proteins were identified by immunoblotting and compared with those of the jhm strain of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv-jhm). monoclonal antibodies (mab) agai ... | 1994 | 8004548 |
| sequence analysis of the nucleocapsid protein gene of rat coronavirus sdav-681. | the nucleotide sequence of the 3'-end of the genomic rna of sialodacryoadenitis virus strain 681 (sdav-681) was determined. a large open reading frame encoding a 454-amino-acid protein was identified as the nucleocapsid protein (n) gene, since the predicted protein is similar in size, chemical properties, and amino acid sequence to the n proteins of other coronaviruses. the amino acid variance of the n proteins between sdav and mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) is not markedly different from that amon ... | 1993 | 8438589 |
| attachment glycoproteins and receptor specificity of rat coronaviruses. | murine coronavirus (mhv) and rat coronavirus (rcv) are antigenically related viruses that have different natural rodent hosts. both mhv and rcv can be propagated in the l2(percy) and cmt-93 mouse cell lines. in these cell lines mhv uses the mhv receptor (mhvr or bgp1a) and several related murine bgp glycoproteins in the immunoglobulin superfamily as receptors. to determine whether rcv also uses these murine glycoproteins as receptors, we characterized the envelope glycoproteins of two strains of ... | 1996 | 8723231 |
| growth characteristics and protein profiles of prototype and wild-type rat coronavirus isolates grown in a cloned subline of mouse fibroblasts (l2p.176 cells). | rat coronaviruses (rcvs) infect laboratory rats and confound biomedical research results. in vitro systems developed so far have limited the growth in knowledge about rcvs by not permitting generation of plaque-cloned virus stocks, reliable isolation of rcvs from rat tissues, or growth of high titered stocks of all isolates. due to the fact that less than 20% of l2(percy) cells were becoming infected, sublines were produced and selected for maximal growth of rcvs. screening of 238 cell sublines ... | 1996 | 8725102 |
| replication of rat coronaviruses in intestinal cell line, rcn-9, derived from f344 rats. | to examine the susceptibility of the epithelial cell line to rat coronavirus (rcv), we inoculated sialodacryoadenitis virus and parker's rcv into five cell lines; jtc-19, rat l2, llc, rcn-9 and lbc cells originating in the lungs, intestines and mammary tumors of rodents. both rcvs were replicated in lbc and rcn-9 cells, but not in the others. the infectivity titers of both rcvs grown in rcn-9 cells were significantly higher than those in lbc cells in every passage (2.5-3.9 log rate). both rcvs r ... | 1996 | 8902504 |
| reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis and molecular characterization of a new rat coronavirus strain. | rat coronaviruses (rcv) are highly infectious and spread rapidly through laboratory rat colonies, causing sneezing, nasal and ocular discharges, photophobia, and cervical swelling. current diagnostic methods include serologic testing and histologic examination. during a recent rat coronavirus outbreak, we tested a rapid, noninvasive method of rcv diagnosis that involved use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) analysis to detect rcv rna on cages housing infected rats. | 1999 | 10551451 |
| ten-year long monitoring of laboratory mouse and rat colonies in french facilities: a retrospective study. | from 1988 to 1997, a total of 69 mouse colonies and 36 rat colonies were examined for the presence of antibodies to 14 indigenous viruses of mice and rats. among mouse viruses, high positivity rates were observed with mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), theiler's encephalomyelitis virus (themv), minute virus of mice (mvm), sendai virus and pneumonia virus of mice (pvm); the prevalence rates were high in rats with khilam's rat virus (krv), themv, toolan's h-1 virus, sendai virus, parker's rat coronaviru ... | 2000 | 10759370 |
| primary structure of the sialodacryoadenitis virus genome: sequence of the structural-protein region and its application for differential diagnosis. | sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) is a coronavirus that is commonly found in laboratory rats and that causes sialodacryoadenitis and respiratory illness. we cloned and sequenced the 3' terminal 9.8 kb of the genomic rna and analyzed the structure of the viral genome. as with mouse hepatitis coronaviruses (mhvs), the sdav genome was able to code for a spike protein, a small membrane protein, a membrane-associated protein, and a nucleocapsid protein. in addition, the hemagglutinin-esterase gene cap ... | 2000 | 10882653 |
| detection of rodent coronaviruses by use of fluorogenic reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis. | reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assays have proved useful for the detection of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) and rat coronavirus (rcv) in acutely infected animals and contaminated biomaterials. fluorogenic nuclease rt-pcr assays combine rt-pcr with an internal fluorogenic hybridization probe, thereby eliminating post-pcr processing and potentially enhancing specificity. consequently, a fluorogenic nuclease rt-pcr assay specific for rodent coronaviruses was developed. prime ... | 2002 | 12022389 |
| toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of bromoethane (ethyl bromide) (cas no. 74-96-4) in f344/n rats and b6c3f1 mice (inhalation studies). | bromoethane is an alkylating agent used primarily as a chemical intermediate in various organic syntheses. in toxicology and carcinogenesis studies, groups of f344/n rats and b6c3f1 mice of each sex received whole-body exposure to bromoethane (greater than 98% pure) once for 4 hours or for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 14 days, 14 weeks, or 2 years. genetic toxicology studies were conducted in salmonella typhimurium and chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. single-exposure, fourteen-day, an ... | 1989 | 12695778 |
| ntp toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of tribromomethane (bromoform) (cas no. 75-25-2) in f344/n rats and b6c3f1 mice (gavage studies). | tribromomethane, a chemical intermediate and solvent, has been identified as a drinking water contaminant resulting from water chlorination. toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering tribromomethane (95%-97% pure) in corn oil by gavage to groups of f344/n rats and b6c3f1 mice of each sex once or for 14 days, 13 weeks, or 2 years. single-administration, fourteen-day, and thirteen-week studies: all rats that received 2,000 mg/kg and 3/5 males and 3/5 females that receiv ... | 1989 | 12704434 |
| ntp toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of benzyl alcohol (cas no. 100-51-6) in f344/n rats and b6c3f1 mice (gavage studies). | toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of technical-grade benzyl alcohol (99% pure), a textile dye additive, solvent, and food flavoring agent, were conducted by administering the chemical by gavage in corn oil vehicle to groups of f344/n rats and b6c3f1 mice of each sex for 16 days, 13 weeks, or 2 years. short-term studies: in 16-day studies, all five male and five female rats and mice dosed with 2,000 mg/kg benzyl alcohol died. two of five male and 3/5 female rats and 1/5 male and 2/5 female mi ... | 1989 | 12724782 |
| [ultrastructural observation of rat thymus tissue with coronavirus infection]. | to investigate the ultrastructure of rat thymus tissues with rat coronavirus (rcv) infection for clarifying the mechanism responsible for the morphological changes of the cells infected by rcv. | 2003 | 12754115 |
| infectious salmon anemia virus specifically binds to and hydrolyzes 4-o-acetylated sialic acids. | infectious salmon anemia virus (isav) is the causative agent of infections in farmed atlantic salmon. isav presumably represents a new genus within the orthomyxoviridae. isav has been shown earlier to exhibit a receptor-destroying activity, which was defined as an acetylesterase with unknown specificity. we have analyzed the substrate specificity of the isav esterase in detail. purified isav hydrolyzed free 5-n-acetyl-4-o-acetyl neuraminic acid. in addition, the purified 9-o-acetylated sialic ac ... | 2004 | 14990724 |
| recombinant viral sialate-o-acetylesterases. | viral o-acetylesterases were first identified in several viruses, including influenza c viruses and coronaviruses. these enzymes are capable of removing cellular receptors from the surface of target cells. hence they are also known as "receptor destroying" enzymes. we have cloned and expressed several recombinant viral o-acetylesterases. these enzymes were secreted from sf9 insect cells as chimeric proteins fused to egfp. a purification scheme to isolate the recombinant o-acetylesterase of influ ... | 2004 | 15454694 |
| prevalence of naturally occurring viral infections, mycoplasma pulmonis and clostridium piliforme in laboratory rodents in western europe screened from 2000 to 2003. | in this report prevalence rates of rodent viruses in laboratory animals are presented based on routine serological screening of mouse and rat colonies from european institutes. the prevalences found during the period 2000-2003 are compared with those reported for 1981-1984 and 1990-1993. it is shown that some infections were eliminated from laboratory animal colonies (e.g. k-virus and polyomavirus) by taking preventative measures whereas other infections such as mouse hepatitis virus and parvovi ... | 2006 | 16600073 |
| rat coronavirus infection of primary rat alveolar epithelial cells. | 2006 | 17037558 | |
| rat coronaviruses infect rat alveolar type i epithelial cells and induce expression of cxc chemokines. | we analyzed the ability of two rat coronavirus (rcov) strains, sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) and parker's rcov (rcov-p), to infect rat alveolar type i cells and induce chemokine expression. primary rat alveolar type ii cells were transdifferentiated into the type i cell phenotype. type i cells were productively infected with sdav and rcov-p, and both live virus and uv-inactivated virus induced mrna and protein expression of three cxc chemokines: cinc-2, cinc-3, and lix, which are neutrophil c ... | 2007 | 17804032 |
| a survey of rodent-borne pathogens carried by wild-caught norway rats: a potential threat to laboratory rodent colonies. | unintentional infection of laboratory rodents can compromise scientific research as well as the health of the animals and animal handlers. the source of contamination often is unknown, but may be introduced by wild rats from surrounding environments. to determine whether rats in baltimore, maryland, usa carry infectious agents commonly found in laboratory rodent colonies, we live-trapped 162 rats during 2005 to 2006 and screened them for a panel of viruses, bacteria and parasites. antibodies aga ... | 2008 | 18348770 |
| detection of group 2a coronaviruses with emphasis on bovine and wild ruminant strains. virus isolation and detection of antibody, antigen, and nucleic acid. | group 2a of the coronaviridae family contains human and animal pathogens that include mouse hepatitis virus, rat coronavirus, human respiratory coronaviruses oc43 and the recently identified hku1 strain, a newly recognized canine respiratory coronavirus, porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus, equine coronavirus, bovine coronavirus (bcov), and wild-ruminant coronaviruses. the presence of a hemagglutinin-esterase (he) surface glycoprotein in addition to the viral spike protein is a dist ... | 2008 | 19057864 |
| host-pathogen interactions during coronavirus infection of primary alveolar epithelial cells. | viruses that infect the lung are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in animals and humans worldwide. coronaviruses are being associated increasingly with severe diseases in the lower respiratory tract. alveolar epithelial cells are an important target for coronavirus infection in the lung, and infected cells can initiate innate immune responses to viral infection. in this overview, we describe in vitro models of highly differentiated alveolar epithelial cells that are currently being ... | 2009 | 19638499 |
| rat respiratory coronavirus infection: replication in airway and alveolar epithelial cells and the innate immune response. | the rat coronavirus sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) causes respiratory infection and provides a system for investigating respiratory coronaviruses in a natural host. a viral suspension in the form of a microspray aerosol was delivered by intratracheal instillation into the distal lung of 6-8-week-old fischer 344 rats. sdav inoculation produced a 7 % body weight loss over a 5 day period that was followed by recovery over the next 7 days. sdav caused focal lesions in the lung, which were most sev ... | 2009 | 19741068 |
| virus-infected alveolar epithelial cells direct neutrophil chemotaxis and inhibit their apoptosis. | the alveolar epithelium is a critical target for pulmonary viruses and can produce proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines upon viral infection. however, the molecular interactions between virus-infected alveolar epithelial cells and inflammatory cells, including polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns), have not been thoroughly characterized. rat coronavirus (rcov) is used as a model to study the immune response to viral infection in the lung of the natural host. we have developed an in vitro model ... | 2012 | 22312020 |
| neutrophils are needed for an effective immune response against pulmonary rat coronavirus infection, but also contribute to pathology. | polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn) infiltrate the respiratory tract early after viral infection and can contribute to both host defence and pathology. coronaviruses are important causes of respiratory tract infections, ranging from mild to severe depending on the viral strain. this study evaluated the role of pmn during a non-fatal pulmonary coronavirus infection in the natural host. rat coronavirus (rcov) causes respiratory disease in adult rats, characterized by an early pmn response, viral r ... | 2014 | 24323639 |
| discovery, diversity and evolution of novel coronaviruses sampled from rodents in china. | although rodents are important reservoirs for rna viruses, to date only one species of rodent coronavirus (cov) has been identified. herein, we describe a new cov, denoted lucheng rn rat coronavirus (lrnv), and novel variants of two betacoronavirus species termed longquan aa mouse coronavirus (lamv) and longquan rl rat coronavirus (lrlv), that were identified in a survey of 1465 rodents sampled in china during 2011-2013. phylogenetic analysis revealed that lamv and lrlv fell into lineage a of th ... | 2015 | 25463600 |
| shared common ancestry of rodent alphacoronaviruses sampled globally. | the recent discovery of novel alphacoronaviruses (alpha-covs) in european and asian rodents revealed that rodent coronaviruses (covs) sampled worldwide formed a discrete phylogenetic group within this genus. to determine the evolutionary history of rodent covs in more detail, particularly the relative frequencies of virus-host co-divergence and cross-species transmission, we recovered longer fragments of cov genomes from previously discovered european rodent alpha-covs using a combination of pcr ... | 2019 | 30704076 |