Publications

visualization of nucleolar organizer regions im mammalian chromosomes using silver staining.	a simple ammoniacal silver staining procedure, designated ag-as, differentially stains the chromosomal locations of ribosomal dna in certain mammalian species. this was critically demonstrated by ag-as staining of the nucleolus organizer regions in karyotypes of the same species and cell lines used for locating the ribosomal cistrons by dna/rna in situ hybridization. with ag-as, silver stained nors (ag-nors) are visualized as black spherical bodies on yellow-brown chromosome arms. ag-nors were v ...	1975	53131
late dna replicaion of x chromosomes in female and pseudofemale cells of microtus agrestis.	the late replication pattern of the short arms of the x chromosomes of microtus agrestis was studied in female cells and in cells with 2 x chromosomes of male origin by means of the budr-giemsa technique and of 3h-thymidine labelling. the light absorption of giemsa stained chromosome sections which were unifilarly substituted with budr (labelled), was found to be 59.2% of that of unlabelled chromosomes. in female cells, asynchrony of dna replication of both x chromosomes indicated the presence o ...	1975	53180
labelling of dna and differential sister chromatid staining after brdu treatment in vivo.	a method of labelling dna in vivo with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (brdu) is described. after 6 h permanent subcutaneous infusion of brdu in rodents (adult microtus agrestis, pregnant nmri-mice), cell nuclei which have undergone dna synthesis during the brdu treatment can be differentiated from the nuclei of other cycle stages by means of their altered staining behaviour after giemsa. 24 h after the brdu treatment, mitoses from both bone marrow of the adult animals and tissues from the fetuses showed a ...	1976	60205
pathomorphologic findings in short-tailed voles (microtus agrestis) experimentally-infected with frenkelia microti.	following oral infection of microtus agrestis with sporocysts of frenkelia microti, transient focal necrosis and cellular infiltrations in the liver, hyperplasia of lymphoid organs, and inflammatory infiltrations in the heart, pulmonary veins, skeletal muscles and brain occurred during the first asexual multiplication period of the parasite in the liver. frenkelia cysts were first observed in the brain 23 days after infection.	1979	113563
properties of mammalian cells transformed by temperature-sensitive mutants of avian sarcoma virus.	fibroblasts from european field vole (microtus agrestis) and from normal rat kidney (nrk) have been infected by avian sarcoma virus mutants which are temperature-sensitive for the maintenance of transformation. these cells are transformed at 33 degrees c, but show normal cell characteristics in morphology, colony formation in agar, saturation density, sugar uptake and membrane proteins at 39 degrees c and 40 degrees c, the nonpermissive temperatures. ts mutant virus was rescued from most of the ...	1977	195741
quantitation and localization of rous sarcoma virus-specific rna in transformed and revertant field vole cells.	hybridization analysis of rna from transformed clones of rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-infected field vole cells and revertant subclones indicated the presence of similar amounts of viral-specific rna in both cell types. employing both a relatively uniform and representative complementary dna probe and genomelength complementary dna, we have demonstrated that the majority of rsv proviral dna is transcribed into viral-specific rna in both transformed and revertant clones. the viral-specific rna is pre ...	1978	203719
peptide analysis of the transformation-specific antigen from avian sarcoma virus-transformed cells.	sera from rabbits bearing tumors induced by avian sarcoma virus (asv) were ussed to immunopecipitate virus-specific proteins from extracts of chicken, hamster, and field vole cells transformed by asv. two virus-specific proteins having molecular weights of 76,000 and 60,000 were found in all cell lines examined. the 76,000-molecular-weight protein, pr76, is the precursor to the internal core proteins of asv. the 60,000-molecular-weight (60k) transformation-specific antigen from each cell line wa ...	1978	209218
nature of rous sarcoma virus-specific rna in transformed and revertant field vole cells.	cytoplasmic and polyribosomal rnas from rous sarcoma virus-transformed and phenotypically reverted field vole cells were fractionated by rate-zonal sedimentation and hybridized with a (3)h-labeled complementary dna viral probe to determine the size classes of virus-specific rna present in these cell types. in contrast to rous sarcoma virus-infected permissive avian cells, only two of three discrete species of virus-specific rna were detected in the cytoplasm of these vole cells. these included g ...	1979	219246
morphological revertants of an avian sarcoma virus-transformed mammalian cell line exhibit tumorigenicity and contain pp60src.	the biological and biochemical properties of rous sarcoma virus-transformed and revertant field vole cells were investigated. revertant vole cells appear morphologically similar to normal, uninfected cells, yet, like transformed vole cells, they are fully capable of growing in agar suspension and producing tumors in athymic nude mice. these highly tumorigenic, yet morphologically normal appearing, vole cells express viral-specific antigens such as the gag gene product (pr76) but lack the env gen ...	1979	226988
alteration of free serum amino acids in voles infected with trypanosoma brucei gambiense.	free serum amino acid pools of field voles, microtus montanus, were determined over a 24 hr period, and compared to values obtained from voles infected with trypanosoma brucei gambiense. the majority of amino acids in the control animals demonstrated a diurnal variation, peaking predominantly during the dark portion of the photoperiod. this trend was not evident in the infected animals. in addition, infected voles possessed an apparent state of hypoaminoacidemia, with levels of threonine, serine ...	1977	321737
methods for determining the proliferation kinetics of cells by means of 5-bromodeoxyuridine.	after treatment of cells with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (budr), the percentage of completely budr-labelled interphase nuclei is greater the longer the budr treatment. the labelling effect is visible after staining with the fluorochrome 33258 hoechst and with giemsa. various formulae and a nomogram are presented by means of which the percentage of cells in s period, duration of the s period and the whole cell cycle can be determined by examination of a single preparation or by comparison of several pre ...	1977	326410
chromosomes and dna of microtus. iii. heterochromatin rearrangements in m. agrestis bone marrow clones.	newborn microtus agrestis were given single acute whole-body gamma-irradiation (350, 500, or 750r). c-banded bone marrow preparations showed cells with radiation-induced rearrangements of constitutive heterochromatin of the sex chromosomes, usually the consequence of single events, encompassing a wide spectrum of deletions and translocations. these cells persisted in bone marrow for more than a year after irradiation; however, many cells showing the same redistribution of heterochromatin constit ...	1977	328242
the isolation and nature of campylobacters (microaerophilic vibrios) from laboratory and wild rodents.	faeces voided by eight species of laboratory or feral rodents were cultured for campylobacters by means of selective methods. campylobacters were isolated from bank voles and from rats, but not from rabbits, laboratory mice, hamsters, guinea-pigs, field mice or field voles. in routine biochemical tests isolates from bank voles resembled a type of campylobacter fetus that causes infectious infertility in cattle; isolates from rats resembled campylobacter coli associated with swine dysentery. elec ...	1977	330861
genetically controlled differences in behaviour between cycling and non-cycling populations of field vole (microtus agrestis).		1977	338556
free amino acids in brain, liver, and skeletal muscle tissue of voles infected with trypanosoma brucei gambiense.	the concentrations of several acidic and neutral amino acids of brain, liver, and skeletal muscle were determined in field voles, microtus montanus, and compared to values obtained from voles harboring a chronic infection of trypanosoma brucei gambiense. all of the amino acids examined were found at comparable levels in brain tissue from both groups of animals with the exception of tyrosine, which was reduced by approximately 45% in the infected voles. similarly, the only difference noted in liv ...	1977	338875
enzymic markers of thyroid c cells in some rodents.	the paper provides comparative data of the localization of histochemical reactions demonstrating the activities of alpha-glycerophosphate and succinate dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, non-specific esterases and non-specific acetylcholinesterase in the c cells of thyroids of 26 animals belonging to 5 rodent species. the family muridae is represented by the wistar albino rat and albino mouse, the family microtidae by the bank vole clethrionomys glareolus (schreber 1780), the field vole microtus ...	1977	340363
studies on the control of the corpus luteum in the vole, microtus agrestis.	the lifespan of corpora lutea resulting from hormonally induced ovulations was prolonged by exogenous prolactin, concurrent lactation, or pregnancy. treatment of mated females with bromocriptine resulted in failure of luteal function only when the drug was given before day 6 of pregnancy. pregnancy was dependent on the presence of the ovaries in its later stages. the results suggest that prolactin is luteotrophic in early pregnancy but that a placental luteotrophin may become effective by day 6 ...	1978	344871
[changes in the heterochromatin structure during cell differentiation in uterus epithelium of the field vole].		1977	347764
[further studies on host range and life cycle of frenkelia microti from the field vole].		1978	358682
the feedback of exogenous steroids on lh release and ovulation in the intact female vole (microtus agrestis).	female voles were subjected to various regimens of subcutaneous injections of oestradiol-17beta, oestradiol benzoate and/or progesterone. ovulation occurred in only a few of the mature females and in none of the immature animals. there was no indication of any increased lh levels in blood samples taken every 2 h for 50 h after 150 microgram oestradiol-17beta.	1978	364048
testis development in the vole, microtus agrestis, subjected to long or short photoperiods from birth.	voles exposed to long photoperiods (16l:8d) from birth became sexually mature at 40-45 days and remained so up to the end of the experiment at 6 months of age. in short photoperiods development was inhibited up to 60 days but the majority of males became sexually mature between 4 and 6 months of age.	1979	374729
repair and survival after uv in quiescent and proliferating microtus agrestis cells: different rates of incision and different dependence on dna precursor supply.	cultured cells of microtus agrestis, the common field vole, perform unscheduled dna synthesis after uv irradiation. they respond to incubation with a dna synthesis inhibitor (1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine) following uv in ways typical of cells capable of excision repair, with reduced survival and an accumulation of breaks in pre-existing dna. microtus cells irradiated with uv in a quiescent pre-s-phase state are more sensitive to uv than are proliferating cells, in terms of survival. adding ...	1979	379024
microtus agrestis and clethrionomys glareolus as experimental hosts of new world leishmania.		1979	386966
microtus oeconomus (rodentia), a useful mammal for studying the induction of sex-chromosome nondisjunction and diploid gametes in male germ cells.	preliminary data indicate that chemicals can also increase the frequency of sex-chromosome nondisjunction. positive results--which certainly need further confirmation--have been obtained for mms, p-fluorophenylalanine, vincristine, procarbazine, carbendazim, and bleomycin. nocodazole, benomyl, colcemic, 6-mercaptopurine, and halothane were all negative at the concentrations tested. for the induction of diploid spermatids positive results were only obtained for mms and parafluorophenylalanine. in ...	1979	387396
babesia microti: morphology, distribution and host relationship in germany.	a short review has been given about recent studies on babesia microti in natural animal host's near munich (southern germany). an infected area has been studied in order to elucidate the outdoor relationship between the local strains and their preferred hosts, the european field vole microtus agrestis. the seasonal variation of the parasites prevalence in voles shows a rise in the early summertime (71% of the catches infected). roundish forms predominate in the erythrocytes. multiplication never ...	1979	388948
pregnancy blockage and the memory of the stud male in the vole (microtus agrestis).	when female voles were allowed contact with the stud male for only 1 h at the time of mating, 55% exhibited pregnancy failure when exposed to a strange male 48 h later. when females were made psuedopregnant by hormone treatment and vaginal stimulation (i.e. no stud male involved), 87% exhibited luteal failure when exposed to a strange male. it is suggested that the characteristics of the stud male are rapidly imprinted upon the female at the time of mating and that this imprinting is important i ...	1979	390135
evidence for a coitally induced 'mnemonic' involved in luteal function in the vole (microtus agrestis).	the development of luteal function in the vole is dependent on a neuroendocrine reflex which is initially activated by mating. bromocriptine was used to destroy the cl initially induced by mating and fresh cl were induced by hormone treatment. the fate of such newly formed cl suggested that the luteotrophic effect of mating continued for about 10 days after mating, despite the destruction of the original mating-induced cl. the luteotrophic effect of mating therefore seems to be 'remembered'. a s ...	1979	390136
anatomy of the cecum of the vole, microtus agrestis.	the anatomy of the cecum of the vole, microtus agrestis, was investigated using macroscopic dissections, "wet" and dried total specimens, and correlated light, scanning and electron microscopy. the cecum of the vole reveals a series of structural differentiations including a mural lip in the ampulla ceci and a spiral fold in the corpus ceci. the mucosa covering the cecal wall possesses short, wide-opened crypts and differs from the classical descriptions of the large intestinal mucosa. fine stru ...	1979	391099
anatomy of the cecum of the dwarf hamster (phodopus sungorus).	the cecal anatomy of the dwarf hamster, phodopus sungorus, was investigated macroscopically and at the light, transmission electron microscopic and scanning electron microscopic levels. in addition, the arterial supply to the cecum and connecting mesenteries were elucidated. the cecum is divisible into an ampulla ceci and a corpus ceci. in the former, the differentiation of the ileocecal orifice and circumventing fold is described. scanning electron microscopically, the surface topography of the ...	1979	525821
chromosomes and dna of microtus. ii. confirmation of deletion of constitutive heterochromatin in m. agrestis cells in vitro.	the distribution of constitutive heterochromatin has been examined by c-banding in two somatic cell lines, grown in vitro, from a female microtus agrestis. one line retains one intact x chromosome together with the short arm of the other x chromosome, while the other cell line retains only the short arm of one x chromosome. thus, each cell line has lost substantial amounts of heterochromatin from the sex chromosomes, but this material has been deleted from the cells, and not translocated to othe ...	1977	563281
effects of trypanosoma brucei gambiense infections in microtus montanus on susceptibility to ehrlich's tumors.	trypanosoma brucei gambiense infections in the field vole microtus montanus increased susceptibility to ehrlich's tumor growth. whereas uninfected voles were totally resistant to intraperitoneal ehrlich's ascites tumor cell challenge, over 78% of the animals infected with the trypanosomes developed tumors after challenge. likewise, when ehrlich's ascites cells were injected subcutaneously to induce solid tumor formation, only 7% of uninfected controls developed tumors, whereas over 82% of trypan ...	1976	770326
[how the circannual sexual cycle of the malefield vole is determined (author's transl)].	experiments were carried out on male field voles which have been captured in january. the resting sexual state of the animals at this time was determined by examination of the testis and of the genital tract during unilateral castration or by exploratory laparatomy. they were subsequently bred for 30 days in a climatic room, during which time they were fed on winter or spring grass, which has been preserved by freezing. 10 it was observed that a complete return to full sexual activity (from the ...	1975	772187
plasma and pituitary levels of lh in field voles, microtus arvalis, reared under two different photoperiods.	10 plasma lh levels were measured in voles reared under long (15 l: 9 d) or short (10 l: 14 d) light photoperiods by radioimmunoassay from a rat lh-anti ovine lh system. 20 the number of animals exhibiting a detectable lh level (i.e. greater than 1 ng per ml) and the mean plasma lh values were higher for long days than for short days in spite of a very large variability between animals. 30 the sensitivity of the hypophysis towards lh. rh increased after gonadectomy, but is not controlled by the ...	1975	772188
pregnancy blocking in the vole, microtus agrestis. i. effect of the social environment.	pregnancy failed in a high proportion of newly mated microtus agrestis females when they were exposed to a strange male between 48 and 72 hr after mating with a stud male. this effect of the strange male was testosterone dependent. direct contact with the strange male was normally necessary, and even a single barrier of wire mesh between the female and strange male prevented the male from exerting his pregnancy-blocking effect. the results suggest that the stimuli mediating pregnancy blocking in ...	1976	775073
pregnancy blocking in the vole, microtus agrestis. ii. ovarian, uterine and vaginal changes.	pregnancy blocking in m. agrestis was associated with a rapid degeneration of cl, growth of follicles, a loss of embryos and return of the uterus to its non-pregnant state, and a return to cornified vaginal smears. these results are discussed in relation to the proposal that the immediate cause of pregnancy block is a failure of prolactin secretion resulting in a failure of cl function.	1976	775074
correlation of plasma lh and prolactin levels with the fate of the corpus luteum in the vole, microtus agrestis.		1976	775075
duration of spermatogenesis in the vole (microtus agrestis) and bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus).		1976	775076
placental lactogen (chorionic mammotrophin) in the field vole, microtus agrestis, and the bank vole, clethrionomys glareolus.	placental lactogen has been detected in the field vole, microtus agrestis, and the bank vole, clethrionomys glareolus, using a co-culture technique. in field voles this activity could be detected from about day 8 of pregnancy to shortly before term, and stimulated both mouse and vole mammary gland to secrete in vitro. partial immunological cross-reaction was detected in a radioimmunoassay system between rat prolactin and either extracts of vole pituitaries or media on which vole pituitaries had ...	1976	778321
on the multiple forms of the liver acid phosphatase from the common field vole, microtus arvalis.		1976	786539
immunodepression during trypanosoma brucei gambiense infections in the field vole, microtus montanus.	the effects of trypanosoma brucei gambiense infections upon immune responses were examined in an outbred laboratory colony of field voles. microtus montanus. antibody levels to challenge with heterologous erythrocytes and bovine serum albumin were significantly depressed in infected animals. trypanosome infections impaired both primary and secondary humoral responses, although previously established specific antibody levels were not affected by infection. specific antibody-producing capabilities ...	1976	791544
the effects of pinealectomy and superior cervical ganglionectomy on the testis of the vole, microtus agrestic.	the effects of pinealectomy and superior cervical ganglionectomy on the testis of the vole (microtus agrestis) were studied. testicular weight at 4 and 8 weeks was significantly (p less than .001) greater in pinealectomized and ganglionectomized than in controls animals. similar results were found in the weights of the seminal vesicles. seminiferous tubule diameters were also increased, and spermatogenesis was stimulated. spermatogenic development in controls had preceeded only to the meiotic ph ...	1976	792442
[differentiation of nuclear structure in kidney tissue of the field-mouse, microtus agrestis, during perinatal development].		1976	799420
effect of chemical sympathectomy and pinealectomy upon gonads of voles (microtus agrestis) exposed to short photoperiod.	day length or photoperiod is an important determinant of seasonal breeding or sexual maturation in the vole (microtus agrestis). exposure of voles to short (6 h) photoperiods slows gonadal development or causes active gonads to regress. abolishing pineal activity either by chemical sympathectomy, using 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda), or by surgical pinealectomy, prevents this inhibiting or regressing effect of shor photo period upon gonads. thus, the pineal gland appears to play a part in the measur ...	1976	800852
transformation of the heterochromatin structure during epithelial cell differentiation in microtus agrestis.	the interphase structure of the constitutive heterochromatin of the field vole, microtus agrestis, was studied in the epithelium of the intestinal and respiratorial tracts, and was compared with the nuclear size and the proliferation rate of these tissues. for determining the nuclear structure and the mitotic and dna labeling rate, feulgen and he-stained paraffin sections were used; measurements of the dna content and of the nuclear and chromocenter areas were carried out on feulgen-stained smea ...	1976	801584
multiplication of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis in microtus agrestis (field vole).	the multiplication of bacteria is examined by quantitative culture from the organs of two groups of field voles injected intraperitoneally with a large dose of m. tuberculosis or a small dose of m. bovis and killed at intervals during a period of up to 3 months after the injection. m. tuberculosis given in a dose of 7 x 10(5) viable units did not multiply, or multiplied only to a small extent. none of the animals in the group died from tuberculosis and the macroscopical lesions found at autopsy ...	1976	814785
contribution to the understanding of the life-cycle of sarcocystis of the short-tailed vole microtus agrestis.	attempts were made to transmit to clean voles a species of sarcocystis found in the muscle of the european short-tailed vole microtus agrestis, by inoculation of bradyzoites, feeding of infected muscle and feeding of faeces collected from voles and cats fed on infected vole flesh. transmission was not achieved. the results are discussed in the light of the positive findings reported in the older literature with other rodent sarcocystis spp. and the recent elucidation of the coccidian life-cycle ...	1976	827477
[rodents trichomonads: morphology, life cycle and several ecologic features (polymastigina)].	some morphological and cytochemical methods were applied to the study of the life cycle of trichomonas parasitizing the intestine of various rodents. the comparative study of trophonts morphology showed that the only species of the genus trichomonas--t. muris inhabits the intestine of mice, rats, field-voles, hamsters and susliks. the life cycle of t. muris includes three morphologically different stages: trophonts, pseudocysts and cysts. the pseudocysts and cysts are the infectious stages of t. ...	1977	865872
electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus and lh release in the vole, microtus agrestis.		1975	1089151
mating, ovulation and corpus luteum function in the vole, microtus agrestis.	a study of the relationship between the mating vehaviour of the vole and the induction of ovulation and cl function is described. a single intromission or an injection of lh-rf constitute stimuli which induce ovulation, but normally give rise to cl that degenerate soon after formation. more prolonged mating, or mechanical stimulation of the vagina and cervix given after a separate ovulatory stimulus, result in the maintenance of the cl. mechanical genital stimulation is effective in inducing cl ...	1975	1089153
spermatogenesis in mature and regressed testes of the vole (microtus agrestis).	eight stages of spermatogenesis, each with a characteristic frequency and germ cell association could be recognized in the vole. there was no difference between laboratory bred and field animals in the frequency of the stages. counts of the different types of germ cell showed that there was considerable cell loss during spermatogonial mitotic and spermatocytic meiotic divisions. only 60% of germ cells became spermatozoa in sexually mature animals, and 19% in the regressing testes of voles expose ...	1975	1095738
proceedings: placental lactogen secretion in the field vole (microtus agrestis) and the bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus).		1975	1097562
isolation of a leptospira of the pomona serogroup from a field vole.		1975	1098271
heterochromatin and sister chromatid exchanges in the chromosomes of microtus agrestis.		1975	1100572
the ultrastructure of the anterior pituitary gland of the vole, microtus agrestis, in normal and experimentally manipulated animals.	the ultrastructural appearance of the various types of cell present in the anterior pituitary of the vole has been described. there was a great measure of similarity between the cytological picture in this species and in the rat. prolactotrophs contained the largest secretory granules, which were of variable shape; the granules of somatotrophs, whilst only slightly smaller than those of prolactotrophs, were invariably round, and of more uniform size; corticotrophs were represented by cells which ...	1975	1102504
further observations on the influence of the social environment on ovulation in the vole, microtus agrestis.		1975	1102679
distribution of 18+28s ribosomal genes in mammalian genomes.	in situ hybridization with 3h 18s and 28s ribosomal rna from xenopus laevis has been used to study the distribution of dna sequences coding for these rnas (the nucleolus organizing regions) in the genomes of six mammals. several patterns of distribution have been found: 1) a single major site (rat kangaroo, seba's fruit bat), 2) two major sites (indian muntjac), 3) multiple sites in centromeric heterochromatin (field vole), 4) multiple sites in heterochromatic short arms (peromyscus eremicus), 5 ...	1975	1104290
heteropyknosis of the chromosomes in liver cells of different ploidy: a nuclear image study.	the chromatin densities of feulgen-stained diploid, tetraploid, octoploid and binucleate cells of smear preparations of the liver of female field voles, microtus agrestis, were examined by means of image analysis. the ratio of the areas of flattened nuclei of 2n, 4n and 8n ploidy was about 1 : 1.62 :2.60 and that of the relative dna content 1 : 2 : 4. in flattened polyploid nuclei, the chromosomes are more densely arranged than in diploid. in diploid nuclei, absolutely and percentually smaller a ...	1975	1108870
the effect of mating upon lh release in male and female voles of the species microtus agrestis.		1975	1110468
the copulatory behavior of microtus agrestis.		1975	1113043
[linear differentiation of the x-chromosomes of the field vole microtus agrestis].	morphology of the fibroblasts x-chromosomes obtained from the female field vole microtus agrestis and cultured for 4--5 hr before fixation in 5-bromodeoxyuridine, was studied. a clear differential condensation along the lenght of the whole x-chromosome was observed. a difference between homologues in the degree of uneven condensation was noted both in the short arm (facultative heterochromatin) and in the long arm (constitutive heterochromatin).	1975	1118897
the repeated dna sequences of microtinae. ii. localization and interdispersion of repeated sequences in microtus agrestis.		1975	1122944
the method of intragastric administration of fluids to field voles (microtus arvalis pallas).		1975	1136605
[blood parasites of small wild mammals in czechoslovakia].	the author investigated 4,853 specimens of wild living small mammals (43 species: insectivora, chiroptera, lagomorpha, rodentia, carnivora) from czechoslovakia for blood parasites. trypanosomes were found in talpa europaea, sorex alpinus, crocidura suaveolens, myotis myotis, apodemus sylvaticus, apodemus flavicollis, mus musculus, rattus norvegicus, clethrionomys glareolus and microtus agrestis. babesia was detected in myotis emarginatus, myotis myotis, clethrionomys glareolus, microtus arvalis ...	1975	1158292
linkage of the loci for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and for inosinic acid pyrophosphorylase to the x chromosome of the field-vole microtus agrestis.	it has been proposed that there are strong selective pressures which have acted during the evolution of mammals to conserve the linkage of genes on the x chromosome. if so, loci that are known to be x-linked in one mammalian species should be x-linked in others. the loci for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (e.c. 1.1.1.49) and for inosinic acid pyrophosphorylase (e.c. 2.4.2.8) are known to be x-linked in a variety of mammals. the linkage of these loci to the x chromosome of the field-vole, micr ...	1975	1167552
sex preference and species specificity of rodent (mus musculus and microtus arvalis pheromones.	the behavioural response to the sex pheromones in the externally voided urine of field voles (microtus arvalis) and laboratory mice (cflp, cba strains) although specific for species showed no strain specificity. bladder urine (free of accessory sex-gland secretions) and the preputial glands of cflp and cba mice contain sex attractants. ether extracts made of blood of male cflp mice attracted cflp female mice.	1975	1241218
ultrasonic vocalization and body temperature maintenance in infant voles of three species (rodentia: arvicolidae).	infant voles thermoregulate poorly and produce ultrasonic vocalizations when cooled. vocalizing and the ability to maintain body temperature in isolated pups cold-challenged at 5 degrees c or 22 degrees c were studied in nestling clethrionomys glareolus, microtus agrestis, and arvicola terrestris. the tendency to vocalize varied with age, since pups vocalized more in their 2nd week than in their 1st or 3rd weeks. rate of vocalizing was correlated with sound pressure level of vocalizations. their ...	1992	1487083
[morphology and behavior of the sex chromosomes in meiosis in four vole species of the genus microtus].	morphology and behaviour of the x and y chromosomes of four species of genus microtus were studied at pachytene, metaphase i and meiotic metaphase. the x chromosomes of the species varied with respect to their size and location of heterochromatic blocks. the axes of x and y chromosomes of these species as well as microtus agrestis never formed true synaptonemal complexes at any sub-stage of the pachytene. they approached each other at the start of the pachytene throughout to metaphase i, getting ...	1991	1773934
host specificity of and cross-immunity between two strains of heligmosomoides polygyrus.	the infectivity of wild and laboratory strains of heligmosomoides polygyrus (nematospiroides dubius) in laboratory mice and in three species of wild british rodent was compared. wild strains, of the subspecies h. p. polygyrus, were isolated from wild caught apodemus sylvaticus. only very low-level infections of the wild strains became established in laboratory mice. similar worm burdens of the laboratory strain became established in laboratory mice and a. sylvaticus, although infections in a. sy ...	1991	1866189
comparison of trypanosoma grayi-like isolates from west and east africa.	three flagellates recently isolated from the hindguts of tsetse flies in west africa were compared with a previously described t. grayi-like trypanosome isolated in east africa. in media with microtus agrestis feeder layer cells, the flagellates developed into bloodstream-like trypomastigotes, which resembled the description of t. grayi from the blood of crocodiles. the results of isoenzyme electrophoresis suggest that the isolates are t. grayi-like trypanosomes, and that some variation exists b ...	1991	1888219
pink-eyed dilution, a coat color mutation in the japanese field vole (microtus montebelli).	inheritance of dilute coat color with pink eye in the japanese field vole (microtus montebelli) was investigated by mating of the dilute mutant with a normal agouti vole and a white vole. as the results, it was cleared that an autosomal recessive gene p is responsible for the pink-eyed dilution in m. montebelli.	1991	1915604
hazardous exposure of ground-living small mammals to cadmium and lead in contaminated terrestrial ecosystems.	the dietary exposure to cadmium and lead of two ground-living species of small mammals, i.e., shrews sorex araneus (insectivora) and voles microtus agrestis (rodentia), was investigated and related to metal loads in target organs (kidneys and liver). the study was done in two natural areas polluted with cadmium and lead originating from urban and industrial metal sources. the average intake of cadmium by the herbivorous voles varied between 0.1 and 0.4 micrograms/g/day and of lead between 2 and ...	1991	2015002
behavior and toxicity of antimony in the short-tailed field vole (microtus agrestis).	laboratory experiments were undertaken to study uptake and retention of antimony and to investigate whether the elevated organ antimony concentrations found previously in a population of microtus agrestis at a contaminated site could cause harmful effects. antimony trioxide in the diet produced elevated organ concentrations, but even in a 60-day experiment no harmful effects were evident. an equilibrium between uptake and excretion of antimony seemed to be rapidly established and progressive inc ...	1991	2065629
immunohistochemical study of peptide-containing nerves in the gastrointestinal tract of the japanese field vole, microtus montebelli.	the distribution and relative frequency of nerves containing immunoreactivity for substance p (sp), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip), gastrin-releasing polypeptide (grp), calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp), neuropeptide y (npy) and menthionine-enkephalin (menk) were studied by immunohistochemistry in the gastrointestinal tract of the herbivorous japanese field vole, microtus montebelli.	1990	2240582
comparison of pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion induced by volatile fatty acids in mice, japanese field voles and goats.	the secretory response of the exocrine pancreas to volatile fatty acids was investigated in the isolated preparations of mice, japanese field voles and goats. the amylase content in pancreases of the voles was half that of the mice, and the trypsin content was four times higher than that of the mice. amylase release to volatile fatty acids in the goats showed a dose-dependent relationship. the response in the voles was obtained by acetate and propionate, but preparations in the mice were ineffec ...	1985	2411468
5-aza-c-induced changes in the time of replication of the x chromosomes of microtus agrestis are followed by non-random reversion to a late pattern of replication.	treatment with 5-azacytidine (5-aza-c) causes an advance in the time of replication and enhances the dnase-i sensitivity of the inactive x chromosome in gerbillus gerbilllus fibroblasts. we found that these changes were not stably inherited and upon removal of the drug the cells reverted to the original state of one active and one inactive x chromosome. in order to determine whether this reversion was random, we used a cell line of female microtus agrestis fibroblasts in which the two x chromoso ...	1987	2438098
transcriptional activity of constitutive heterochromatin in the mammal microtus agrestis (rodentia, cricetidae).	two cytological approaches were applied to the analysis of genetic activity in euchromatin and heterochromatin in the european field vole microtus agrestis. the first is based on the transcriptional activity of prematurely condensed chromosomes, the second on in situ hybridization of labeled cellular rna to metaphase chromosomes. the results show that in cultivated fibroblasts, the transcriptional activity of constitutive heterochromatin is in the same order of magnitude as that of euchromatin; ...	1987	2446895
5-azadeoxycytidine induced undercondensation in the giant x chromosomes of microtus agrestis.	fibroblasts of female microtus agrestis were treated with 5-azadeoxycytidine (5-aza-dcyd) at a final concentration of 10(-5) m during the last 2 h of culture. this cytidine analogue induces distinct undercondensation of the constitutive heterochromatin in the giant x chromosomes. the undercondensed heterochromatic thread exhibits longitudinal segmentation reminiscent of a chromomere pattern. in the late-replicating x chromosome, 5-aza-dcyd also inhibits condensation of the genetically inactivate ...	1989	2476282
studies on cross-immunity in herpetosoma trypanosomes of microtus, clethrionomys and apodemus.	laboratory-bred rodents of three species were inoculated with heterologous herpetosoma trypanosome species as follows: microtus agrestis with trypanosoma evotomys or t. grosi, apodemus sylvaticus with t. evotomys or t. microti and clethrionomys glareolus with t. grosi or t. microti. the three rodent species were subsequently challenged with their natural trypanosome parasite, i.e. t. microti for m. agrestis, t. grosi for a. sylvaticus and t. evotomys for c. glareolus. the parasitaemias and cours ...	1989	2496408
first evidence of the leptospirosis natural foci of the serotype saxkoebing in austria.	the authors examined serologically and bacteriologically 129 wild living small mammals (9 species) in neumarkt, in styria. a total of 17 animals were positive (all microtus agrestis), of these 10 serologically (6 with l. saxkoebing, 3 with l. grippotyphosa and 1 with l. sorexjalna) and 7 bacteriologically. of the 7 isolated leptospirae-strains one did not survive up to typing, the 6 remaining were identified as l. saxkoebing. it is the first evidence of the existence of leptospirosis natural foc ...	1989	2663645
use of recombinant vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein virus for oral vaccination of wildlife against rabies: innocuity to several non-target bait consuming species.	the pathogenicity of a vaccinia recombinant virus expressing the rabies glycoprotein (vvtggrab) was tested in several wild animal species which could compete with the natural rabies host, the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in consuming vaccine baits in europe. the following species were included in this study: wild boar (sus scrofa), eurasian badger (meles meles), wood mouse (apodemus sylvaticus), yellow-necked mouse (apodemus flavicollis), bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus), common vole (microtus arv ...	1989	2681844
the behavior during pachynema of a normal and an inverted y chromosome in microtus agrestis.	the pachytene behavior of the chromosomes of microtus agrestis (l.) (rodentia, arvicolidae) males carrying either the standard, or the pericentrically inverted lund y chromosome have been examined by electron microscopy of microspread spermatocytes. there is no synapsis between the x and either the standard or the lund y chromosomes during any substage of pachynema. since synapsis is generally considered a prerequisite for crossing over, there appears to be no opportunity for crossover or chiasm ...	1989	2698871
[effect of methylnitronitrosoguanidine on dna synthesis in animal cells: decrease in the rate of replication fork movement].	the effect of methylnitronitrosoguanidine (mnng) on the rate of dna replication fork (rf) progress has been studied by dna fiber autoradiography in asynchronous microtus agrestis and chinese hamster cells. the rate of rf progress has been shown to be decreased by 14% and 36% at mnng concentrations of 50 and 100 microm in m. agrestis cells; the rate of dna synthesis being reduced by 50 and 75% respectively. in chinese hamster cells the mnng concentration of 5 microm does not affect the rate of rf ...	1989	2725536
[incidence of coxiella burnetii and rickettsiae from the rmsf group in the sub-alpine region in austria].	investigations were carried out on small mammals to determine further distribution of coxiella burnetii and rickettsia rmsf-group in the alpine and sub-alpine regions. in altitudes of 1,200-2,400 m antibodies against clethrionomys glareolus, apodemus flavicollis, sorex alpinus, sorex minutus and microtus agrestis were demonstrated. these findings emphasize that in the entire alpine and sub-alpine regions of austria the occurrence of c. burnetii and rmsf-group rickettsia is to be expected.	1989	2744470
highly specific antibody to rous sarcoma virus src gene product recognizes a novel population of pp60v-src and pp60c-src molecules.	antiserum to the rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-transforming protein, pp60v-src, was produced in rabbits immunized with p60 expressed in escherichia coli. alpha p60 serum immunoprecipitated quantitatively more pp60v-src than did tumor-bearing rabbit (tbr) sera. when rsv-transformed cell lysates were preadsorbed with tbr serum, the remaining lysate contained additional pp60v-src, which was recognized only by reimmunoprecipitation with alpha p60 serum and not by tbr serum. in subcellular fractions of rs ...	1985	2981886
evaluation of five cell types for the isolation of herpes simplex virus.	five cells were evaluated in a comparative analysis for sensitivity, specificity, and rapidity in detecting the presence of herpes simplex virus hsv-1 and hsv-2. included in this study were human embryonic kidney (hek), rabbit kidney (rk), mrc-5, mink lung (ml), and microtus agrestis (umma). a total of 274 specimens from genital, throat, skin, or other sources that were submitted for hsv isolation were used in the study. the sensitivity of the different cells was assessed by the total number of ...	1986	3013496
postnatal development of the stomach in the japanese field vole, microtus montebelli.		1988	3052170
role of the polar trophectoderm in determining the pattern of early post-implantation morphogenesis in mammals: evidence from development of the short-tailed field vole, microtus agrestis.	the peri-implantational embryogenesis in the field vole, microtus agrestis, is described. implantation is interstitial, as it is in the mouse, but egg cylinder formation occurs by invagination of the blastocyst's embryonic pole and not (as in the mouse) by formation of a multilayered extra-embryonic ectoderm. this difference can be attributed to loss in the field vole of the central portion of the polar trophectoderm at the time of blastocyst attachment. in comparing early postimplantation devel ...	1988	3070537
[glycogen-containing cells in the maternal and embryonic portions of the placenta in the rat and the common vole microtus subarvalis].	differentiation sequences and further transfiguration of glycogen-rich cells during placenta development were investigated for the rat and field vole microtus subarvalis (11-20 day gestation). the presence of glycogen is a characteristic feature of decidual cells located in the region of lateral sinusoids, as well as of metrial gland cells, secondary giant trophoblast cells and trophoblast cells in the connective zone of placenta. glycogen-containing metrial gland cells and trophoblast cells of ...	1988	3072744
effects of age and photoperiod on the responsiveness of the pituitary gland of the vole (microtus agrestis) to stimulation by gnrh.	male voles were raised from birth to 100 days of age in photoperiods of 16l:8d or 6l:18d. in the long photoperiod testes increased in size between 15 and 80 days of age, and there was an increase in seminal vesicle weight from 60 days of age. spermatozoa were present in the testes at 60 days of age. in the short photoperiod testicular growth did not begin until 50 days of age with the seminal vesicles beginning to increase at 80 days of age. spermatozoa were present in testes at 100 days of age. ...	2010	3080597
gonadal development and gonadotrophin secretion in the male vole (microtus agrestis) after an abrupt change in photoperiod.	male voles were reared from birth to age 28 days in 6l:18d. pairs of animals showing similar sexual development were assigned at random to 16l:8d or 6l:18d. treatments continued for a further 56 days. increase in the activity of the hypothalamo-hypophysial system occurred within 4 days of exposure to 16l:8d, as shown by significant elevation of plasma lh and fsh. pituitary lh did not increase until day 7, and pituitary fsh did not increase until day 21. after exposure to 16l:8d for 4 days, pitui ...	2011	3084767
simple gatca repeats characterize the x chromosomal heterochromatin of microtus agrestis, european field vole (rodentia, cricetidae).	the sex chromosomes of microtus agrestis are extremely large due to the accumulation of constitutive heterochromatin. we have identified two prominent satellite bands of 2.0 and 2.8 kb in length after haeiii and hinfi restriction enzyme digestion of genomic dna, respectively. these satellites are located on the heterochromatic long arm of the x chromosome as shown using microtus x mouse somatic cell hybrids. by in-gel hybridization with oligonucleotide probes, the organization of the two satelli ...	1988	3282831
dnase i sensitivity of microtus agrestis active, inactive and reactivated x chromosomes in mouse-microtus cell hybrids.	we isolated microtus agrestis-mouse somatic cell hybrid clones which had retained either the active or the inactive m. agrestis x chromosome. in both hybrid clones the x chromosomes retained their original chromatin conformation as studied by the in situ nick translation technique--the active x chromosome retained its high sensitivity to dnase i while the inactive one remained insensitive. a clone in which the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene had been spontaneously reac ...	1988	3282832
breeding structure in two field vole populations.		2012	3286581
in vitro cultivation of herpetosoma trypanosomes on embryonic fibroblasts and in semidefined cell-free medium.	microtus agrestis embryo fibroblasts (maef) support the survival and multiplication at 37 c of the mammalian multiplicative forms of the herpetosoma trypanosomes trypanosoma microti, t. evotomys, t. musculi, and t. lewisi passaged from cultures on schneider's drosophila medium and of t. grosi from grace's medium. maef layers with parasites were maintained for a period of over 5 mo. a semidefined cell-free medium also supported the multiplication (at 37 c) of the mammalian forms of the same trypa ...	1988	3288740
effect of nutrition, temperature and photoperiod on the rate of sexual maturation of the field vole (microtus agrestis).	weanling male and female field voles were placed in long or short photoperiods, kept at 18 degrees c or 4 degrees c, and fed (ad libitum) diets containing 24%, 16%, 8% and 4% protein, for 6 weeks. animals in the long photoperiod were more sexually mature than were animals in the short photoperiod. temperatures had no effect on females, but did affect males: those kept at 4 degrees c had heavier testes and wider seminiferous tubules than those kept at 18 degrees c. there was little difference bet ...	1987	3298643
tooth damage in field voles, wood mice and moles in areas polluted by fluoride from an aluminum reduction plant.		1987	3317818
a golgi study of the sixth layer of the cerebral cortex. i. the lissencephalic brain of rodentia, lagomorpha, insectivora and chiroptera.	a study of the morphological characteristics of the neurons in layer vi of the cerebral cortex was carried out using the rapid golgi method in several lissencephalic species including rodentia (rat, mouse, vole (microtus agrestis) and hamster), lagomorpha (rabbit), insectivora (hedgehog) and in the chiroptera the dwarf bat (pipistrellus pipistrellus). there was a basic uniformity in the structure of the sixth layer. main neuronal types in lamina via were large pyramidal neurons, triangular or at ...	1986	3429306
effect of male presence and of photoperiod on the sexual maturation of the field vole (microtus agrestis).	the effect of mature males on the sexual development of young female and male field voles, reared in either long (stimulating) or short (inhibiting) photoperiods, was examined. females reared in the presence of a mature male had a more advanced state of sexual maturation (as indicated by uterine weight) than did females reared in isolation from males, in long and short photoperiods (p less than 0.01). no interaction between photoperiod and male presence was found. augmented uterine growth occurr ...	1986	3531507
immunohistochemical study of gastroenteropancreatic endocrine cells of the herbivorous japanese field vole, microtus montebelli.	the gastroenteropancreatic (gep) endocrine cells of the japanese field vole were studied immunohistochemically. somatostatin-, 5-hydroxytryptamine-, glicentin-, glucagon-, bovine pancreatic polypeptide-, gastrin-, gastric inhibitory polypeptide-, cholecystokinin-, substance p-, secretin-, neurotensin- and insulin-immunoreactive cells were revealed. the characteristic findings of the regional distribution and relative frequency of these immunoreactive cells in the gep system of the vole were as f ...	1986	3532246
fine structure of the mandibular gland in japanese field vole (microtus montebelli).	the mandibular glands of the japanese field vole were examined by light microscopy, and transmission and scanning electron microscopies. the acinar cells contained light and coarse secretory granules, and reacted with pas and stained slightly with ab; they were considered to be seromucous in nature. the acinar epithelium was composed of light and dark cells containing many secretory granules. the intercalated duct cells consisted of light cells possessing a few dense granules. a few cytoplasmic ...	2008	3542536