Publications

histochemical studies on the adrenal glands of the marmosets (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata).	the histrochemistry of the adrenal glands was studied in four adult male marmosets (two callithrix jacchus and two callithrix penicillata). it was impossible to demonstrate any reactivity to udpg-gt, adh, alanyl aminopeptidase, leucine aminopeptidase, xilitol (nad-dependent) dehydrogenase, beta-glucuronidase and aryl-sulfatase in these glands. total phosphorylase was found in scattered cells of the glomerulosa and adjacent outer fasciculata of one c. penicillata. the dehydrogenases (ldh, g-6-pdh ...	1976	8944
plasmodium knowlesi in the marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	common marmosets were shown to be susceptible to plasmodium knowlesi malaria. the morphology of the parasite was indistinguishable from the observed in the natural host (macaca fascicularis) and the common laboratory model (macaca mulatta). a differential susceptibility to p. knowlesi was observed in the 8 marmosets studied. multiplication rates of parasites were variable over 24 h periods. five animals died of a fulminating infection within 12--17 days after challenge. three animals recovered s ...	1979	33359
circadian oscillations of body temperature in the marmoset, callithrix jacchus.	the rectal temperature of 8 marmosets was taken regularly throughout a 76 hour period. a pronounced circadian rhythm was detected: body temperature reached a maximum during the light phase and a minimum during the dark phase.	2000	97470
aggression and flight behaviour of the marmoset monkey callithrix jacchus: an ethogram for brain stimulation studies.	the aggressive and flight behaviour of the common marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) is described and split into behavioural units, allowing analysis of agonistic behaviour evoked by electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus. the social context of the described units is also considered. c. jacchus shows clearly recognizable behavioural patterns. free-born animals are very timid and show typical flight reactions. within aggressive behaviour, two types of aggression can be distinguished: very v ...	1978	100171
threat, attack and flight elicited by electrical stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus of the marmoset monkey callithrix jacchus.	in order to elucidate whether relatively primitive primates show a similar topological organization of substrates mediating defense and flight within the ventromedial hypothalamus as has been found in other mammals, 15 marmosets (callithrix jacchus) were chronically implanted with a total of 57 electrodes for electrical stimulation. experiments took place in a familiar environment and under systematically altered conditions. all anatomical sites yielding vocal threat and short attacks were found ...	1978	100172
chromosome banding patterns and nucleolar organizing regions in three species of callithricidae (saguinus oedipus, saguinus fuscicollis, and callithrix jacchus).	chromosome complements of three species of callithricidae, saguinus oedipus, saguinus fuscicollis and callithrix jacchus, were analyzed by various banding techniques. morphometric data are presented. a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 46 is reconfirmed for all three species. several interesting interspecies chromosomal variations were demonstrated by g- and c-band patterns. active nucleolar organizing regions (nors) were revealed by the ag-as silver histochemical stain.	2000	101664
bacterial and mycoplasma flora of a laboratory colony of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	a survey was carried out to characterise the bacterial and mycoplasma flora of a closed colony of marmosets, callithrix jacchus. bordetella bronchiseptica and staphylococcus aureus were the only potential bacterial pathogens isolated from the colony; candida albicans was also identified. s aureus and c albicans were the only organisms which were associated with macroscopic lesions or overt disease. post mortem examination of the animals proved only reliable method of establishing the presence of ...	1978	102075
the use of rhodamin b for the identification of injected horseradish peroxidase in the brain.	horseradish peroxidase injected into the brain of the marmoset, callithrix jacchus, is demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy following histochemical reaction with homovanillic acid and rhodamin b. usefulness and efficiency of the method are discussed in comparison with other procedures for the demonstration of hrp.	1978	103870
brain stem, cerebellum and diencephalon of the marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	the gross anatomy and the internal structure of the marmoset (callithrix jacchus) brain stem, cerebellum and diencephalon are described based on the observations made on the material obtained from 10 adult animals (native name: sagui). 5 brains were used for gross anatomical observations; the other 5 brains, included in toto in celloidin, were cut into serial sections, properly stained and used for comparative studies of the internal structure. only general descriptions are given considering thi ...	1998	107716
the brain of the marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	the gross anatomy and the internal structure of the marmoset (callithrix jacchus) brain are described based on the observations made on the material obtained from 10 adult animals (native name: sagui). 5 brains were used for gross anatomical observations; the other 5 brains, included in toto in celloidin, were cut into serial sections, properly stained and used for comparative studies of the internal structure. only general descriptions are given considering the brain because, in further papers, ...	1998	107717
peripheral plasma levels of progesterone, oestradiol-17 beta, oestrone, testosterone, androstenedione and chorionic gonadotrophin during pregnancy in the marmoset monkey, callithrix jacchus.	concentrations of lh/cg, androstenedione and testosterone rose in early pregnancy to maximum values at 6--10 weeks. thereafter lh/cg levels declined and androstenedione and testosterone levels remained at plateau values or declined until term. progesterone, oestradiol-17 beta and oestrone increased after ovulation and remained high throughout pregnancy. at 12 weeks, when lh/cg levels were falling, progesterone and oestradiol rose well above the luteal-phase levels which were maintained for the f ...	1979	112249
'collaborative' rearing of marmoset triplets.	a system of management is described in which all 3 offspring from triplet births to callithrix jacchus can be successfully reared to weaning. hand-rearing techniques are applied to the offspring in turn without depriving them of the maternal and family influences necessary for normal behavioural development.	1979	113619
the effects of gonadectomy and oestradiol-17 beta on pituitary responsiveness to lh-rh in the adult male marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	exogenous luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lh-rh) administered in a wide range of doses (0.2-25 micrograms) to intact male marmoset monkeys induced a marked increased in plasma luteinizing hormone (lh) concentrations. maximum lh concentrations achieved after injection of lh-rh occurred progressively later as the dosage increased. bilateral orchidectomy sigificantly enhanced pituitary responsiveness to a standard dose (2.0 microgram) of lh-rh, whereas the introduction of oestradiol-17 beta ...	1979	116001
[callithrix jacchus, marmoset: a new experimental model; a review of the literature].		1979	117651
indoor-outdoor housing systems for a self-sustaining marmoset breeding colony.	indoor-outdoor housing of three types was designed, constructed, used and evaluated for housing a breeding colony of common (callithrix jacchus) and cottontop (saguinus oedipus) marmosets. all types were relatively inexpensive to construct, required minimal care, simulated a natural environment and allowed for some isolation between units and between individual runs within units.	1979	119116
anomalous origin of the right subclavian artery in a marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	anomalous right subclavian artery in a one-day-old marmoset (callithrix jacchus) is reported. the anomalous vessel originated with the left subclavian artery from a short trunk off the arch of the aorta, then passed posterior to the esophagus, indenting it.	1979	119861
ureaplasmas in the marmoset (callithrix jacchus): transmission and elimination.	all adult marmosets tested had ureaplasmas in their throats but not in the lower respiratory tract, and rarely in the genital tract. ureaplasmas persisted in the throat of a marmoset separated from the colony for 44 days. they could not be recovered from the animals for at least nine weeks after a course of minocycline. airborne reinfection did not occur when these animals were surrounded by, but separate from, infected marmosets. it occurred when the minocycline-treated animals were caged with ...	1979	119862
pregnancy diagnosis in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus jacchus).	abdominal palpation of the uterus was carried out on 25 pregnant and 29 non-pregnant marmosets (callithrix jacchus jacchus). 195 complete 24-hour urine specimens, collected between the first week of gestation and term (21 weeks), were tested with the sub-human primate tube (shpt) test. no significant differences between the two methods in their ability to diagnose pregnancy were obtained between the first and 13th week of gestation. the shpt test was seldom positive after the 13th week of pregna ...	1979	120302
periodontal changes in distant teeth due to trauma from occlusion.	the present investigation studies the changes that occur in periodontal supporting tissues of lower canine and premolar of marmosets (callithrix jacchus), due to experimental modification of occlusal relationships in the region of the molar. for our purposes an extracoronal arch wire of 0.7 mm diameter was fixed into occlusal perforations of the upper third premolar and first molar, on both sides. eight male marmosets weighing from 250 to 350 grams were used. after each experimental time interva ...	1975	124334
histochemical studies on the submandibular ganglia of marmosets (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penecillata).	the histochemistry of the neural cells was studied in the submandibular ganglia of 5 callithrix jacchus (3 males and 2 females) and 4 callithrix penicillata (2 males and 2 females). these cells contain neutral mucopolysaccharides, nucleoproteins and lipidic materia, but are apparently devoid of glycogen. it is impossible to demonstrate in them any reactivity for udpg-gt, phosphorylases, atpase at ph 6.3, leucine aminopeptidase and alanyl aminopeptidas. the reaction for the other searched enzymes ...	1977	142413
histochemical observations on the taste buds of the marmosets (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata).	the epithelial cells in the taste buds of c. jacchus and c. penicillata show a moderate amount of ribonucleic acid an a concentration of a pas-positive diastase-resistant material at their apical part. these cells are devoid of udpg-gt, phosphorylases, g-6-pa, alanyl aminopeptidase, leucine aminopeptidase, cholinesterase and mao; they present a weak reaction of f-1, 6-p ald, ldh, sdh, mdh, cytochrome oxidase, beta-ohbdh, nonspecific esterase and acid phosphatase and a stronger reaction to adh, n ...	1978	155939
histochemical data on the liver of the marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	the histochemistry of the hepatic parenchymal cells was studied in four callithrix jacchus. a large amount of glycogen was noted throughout the lobules while the udpg-gt and the phosphorylases were found unevenly distributed by the hepatic strands with different degrees of reactivity. near the central vein one of the livers showed pas-positive nuclear corpuscles that were more conspicuous in the hepatic cells with a larger amount of cytoplasmic glycogen and weaker udpg-gt and phosphorylase react ...	2002	166544
histochemical localization of enzyme activity in the kidneys of male marmosets (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata).	the distribution of several hydrolases and oxidoreductases was studied in the renal parenchyma of adult male marmosets (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata). the oxidative enzymes showed a high reactivity in the proximal and distal tubules, whereas the hydrolases reacted strongly in the proximal tubules but only weakly or not at all in the thick limb of henle's loop, distal tubules and collecting ducts. the nad-dependent enzymes (except alpha-gpdh) showed a stronger reactivity in the p ...	1975	169663
the effect of an immunosuppressive drug (azathioprine) on the latent infection of marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus) with the oncogenic herpesvirus saimiri.	callithrix jacchus (cj) marmoset monkeys can be latently infected with herpesvirus saimiri (hvs). in order to determine whether this resistance to the oncogenic potential of hvs could be due to the immune surveillance, azathioprine, a known immunosuppressive drug, was given to 7 latently infected cj marmosets. the animals died within 147 days probably from side effect caused by azathioprine, but no animal developed a tumor.	1975	170499
husbandry and observation methods of a breeding colony of marmosets (callithrix jacchus) for behavioural research.	by allowing families to increase in size, co-operation between parents and adolescents in infant care was encouraged. young adult pairs were subsequently created with these marmosets which had experience of handling infants to provide a stable basis for breeding 2nd and 3rd generation marmosets in captivity.	1996	173918
epstein-barr virus: experimental infection of callithrix jacchus marmosets.	eight common marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus) were inoculated with about 10(4) transforming units of b95-8 virus; seven of the marmosets died 50-111 days post inoculation and all seven showed microscopic and/or macroscopic lesions compatible with a diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disease. low levels of anti-vca antibodies were detected in plasma from six marmosets. attempts failed to establish continuous ebv-carrying lymphoblastoid cell cultures by cultivation in vitro of circulating lymph ...	1976	181333
in vitro transforming activity of ebv. i-establishment and properties of two ebv strains (m81 and m72) produced by immortalized callithrix jacchus lymphocytes.	in vitro transformation of callithrix jacchus marmoset lymphocytes was achieved with a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) derived epstein-barr virus (ebv) strain, hkly-28. two permanent and virus producing lymphoblastoid cell lines, m81 and m72, were obtained. comparison between the original hkly-28 line and both m81 and m72 lines showed that passage in the marmosets lymphocytes greatly enhanced viral production and transforming activity of the virus as observed in cottontop derived b95.8 lymphoblas ...	1976	187263
susceptibility of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) to oncogenic and attenuated strains of herpesvirus saimiri.	adult common marmosets, inoculated with either of 2 oncogenic herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) strains, developed fatal lymphoproliferative disease within 23-25 days post inoculation (pi). the disease was identical to hvs-induced lymphoma in cotton-topped and white-lipped marmosets. common marmosets inoculated with an attenuated hvs strain developed persistent infection; virus has been recovered from cocultivated lymphocytes of these animals for more than 384 days pi.	1977	198565
studies with the baboon endogenous virus and its pseudotype of murine sarcoma virus in marmosets.	three marmoset species (saguinus oedipus oedipus, s. fuscicollis, callithrix jacchus) failed to show evidence of infection or disease following inoculation of baboon endogenous type-c virus (baev). cells infected with a kirsten murine sarcoma-baev pseudotype (msv[baev]) produced a progressive fibrosarcoma in s. o. oedipus and tumors in s. fuscicollis and c. jacchus which regressed. tumor formation is believed to be due to growth of inoculated, virus-infected cells and not transformation of marmo ...	1978	205851
overview of viral oncology studies in saguinus and callithrix species.	marmoset monkeys are highly susceptible to tumor induction by type c sarcoma viruses and primate lymphotropic herpeviruses. six experimental models were reviewed, three sarcoma models induced by rous, feline or simian sarcoma viruses and three models of lymphoproliferative disease induced by herpevirus saimiri, h. ateles or epstein-barr virus. relative susceptibility of cotton-topped (saguinus oedipus oedipus), white-lipped (s. nigricollis, s. fuscicollis subspecies) and commone (callithrix jacc ...	1978	205860
experimental infection of callithrix jacchus marmosets with herpesvirus ateles, herpesvirus saimiri, and epstein barr virus.	we inoculated common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) with herpesvirus ateles (hva), herpesvirus saimiri (hvs), and epstein-barr virus (ebv). hva-induced tumors contained several cell types, including giant cells reminiscent of the sternberg-reed cells observed in human hodgkin's disease. hvs and ebv did not induce tumors, although hvs was present in lymphocytes and elicited a strong antibody response. ebv elicited only a variable antibody response. we feel that more common marmosets should be use ...	1978	208678
[callithrix jacchus infection with junin virus. new experimental model in argentinian hemorrhagic fever].		1978	216877
in vitro transforming activity of epstein-barr virus (ebv). ii. differences between m81 and b95-8 ebv strains.	lymphocytes from 38 human cord blood and 9 adult circulating blood were aliquoted and infected in parallel either with the b95-8 ebv strain (produced by cotton-top marmoset lymphocytes transformed by ebv originating from an infectious mononucleosis line) or with the m81 eb virus (produced by callithrix jacchus marmoset lymphocytes transformed by ebv originating from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) derived line). significant differences were observed in the lymphoblastoid lines obtained and invo ...	1979	224964
density distribution, characterization, and comparative aspects of the major serum lipoproteins in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), a new world primate with potential use in lipoprotein research.	qualitative, quantitative, and comparative aspects of the serum lipoprotein profile in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), a new world primate, are described. density gradient ultracentrifugation was used to evaluate lipoprotein distribution and to establish criteria for isolation of discrete molecular fractions. the major lipoprotein classes banded isopycnically on the gradient with the following hydrated densities: vldl, d less than 1.017 g/ml; ldl, d = 1.027--1.055 g/ml; hdl fraction i, ...	1979	227447
argentine hemorrhagic fever: a primate model.	experimental junin virus infection of a new world primate, callithrix jacchus, was evaluated. the virus produced anorexia, loss of weight, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and hemorrhagic and neurological symptoms and terminated in death. virus was recovered from urine, blood samples and all tissues taken at autopsy. these preliminary observations show that several aspects of the experimental disease in c. jacchus are quite similar to severe natural argentine hemorrhagic fever of man.	1979	227811
the establishment of specified-pathogen-free marmosets, callithrix jacchus.	the establishment of 3 specified-pathogen-free marmosets (callithrix jacchus) during the period may 1969 to january 1973 is described. a brief history of the conventional breeding colony from which the animals were derived is given and hysterotomy and hand-rearing techniques are described.	1977	402500
topographically organized reciprocal connections between areas 17 and mt (visual area of superior temporal sulcus) in the marmoset callithrix jacchus.	with the aid of the techniques of tracing axonal pathways by anterograde fiber degeneration, and by anterograde (autoradiography) and retrograde (hrp-histochemistry) axoplasmic transport, it could be shown that area 17 projects in a topographically and visuotopically organized manner onto the temporal visual area mt. the fibers of this association system originate from pyramidal cells in layer iiic, and from the solitary cells of meynert; they terminate in layers iv and iii of area mt. a corresp ...	1977	404175
testicular steroidogenesis in the common marmoset, callithrix jacchus.		1977	407949
metabolism of anabolic steroid drugs in man and the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus)--i. nilevar and orabolin.		1977	410996
the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus jacchus) as a model for ethological research.	the uses and advantages of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus jacchus) as an animal model for ethological research were examined. it was found that this species had advantages over old world primates for work on social behavior as a nearer approximation to the group structure occurring in natural conditions could be obtained in the laboratory. the small size of the common marmoset also made it easier to handle and cheaper to maintain. the adult female gave birth at five-month intervals and ...	1977	413004
lymphocyte populations of callithrix jacchus marmosets.		1978	413631
a positive feedback effect of oestradiol on lh release in the male marmoset monkey, callithrix jacchus.	subcutaneous injections of oestradiol benzoate in oil, resulting in a sustained elevation of circulating oestradiol levels, induced an initial suppression of lh secretion, followed by a positive discharge of lh in castrated male and female and in intact male marmosets. oestrogen-induced lh release (producing maximum lh concentrations 24 h after the injection) was observed in 75% of castrated males and females. a positive discharge of lh occurred in 50% of intact males 28-36 h after oestrogen adm ...	1978	413918
[transferrin findings in callithrix jacchus linné, 1758 (primates, platyrrhina)].	this paper deals with the transferrin (tf) polymorphism in the south american marmoset callithrix jacchus. the transferrin bands of this species are positioned in the electropherogramme cathodal to the beta1c-globulin (c 3), s. fig. 1. by means of the combined agarose gel immuno-electrophoresis 7 distinguishable phenotypes have been detected in 166 animals (s. fig. 2). the formal genetic analysis of 28 matings with 48 youngs (cf. table 1) leads to the assumption that at least 4 codominant allele ...	1978	414654
urinary excretion of biologically active chorionic gonadotrophin by the pregnant marmoset (callithrix jacchus jacchus).	no significant correlation exists between the amount of biologically active marmoset chorionic gonadotrophin (mcg) in urine and results obtained with an immunological pregnancy test. the pregnant marmoset excretes large amounts of oestrogenic steroids, which must be removed, to prevent the enhancement of the response of the bioassay for mcg. more than 99% of these unconjugated and conjugated urinary oestrogens can be removed by extraction with acetone and ether. mcg is excreted throughout pregna ...	1977	414981
effects of gonadectomy and oestradiol treatment on plasma luteinizing hormone concentrations in the marmoset monkey, callithrix jacchus.	a heterologous double-antibody radioimmunoassay for marmoset lh is described in detail. the system uses niamdd rat lh-i-1 for iodination, niamdd rat lh-rp-1 as standard and anti-ovine rabbit lh 610v serum. the assay measures the level of marmoset lh in plasma and shows a maximum cross-reaction (b/bo = 50%) of 0.3% with other rat, human or bovine pituitary hormones. the heterologous assay has been applied to the measurement of the level of lh in the marmoset after gonadectomy and after the subseq ...	1978	415104
the rete ovarii and follicle formation in marmosets (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata).	the rete ovarii in young marmosets shows a strong reactivity for a certain number of enzymes (ldh; nadh2-tr; nadph2-tr; g-6-pdh; 6-pgdh; alpha-gpdh; beta-ohbdh and nonspecific esterase). the granulosa cells of the cortical innermost placed follicles have the same enzymatic reactivity. the germinal epithelium results negative to the mentioned group of enzymes at this phase of the development. the rete ovarii must play an important rôle in the granulosa cells differentiation.	1976	415485
[autoradiographic studies on the distribution of 14c-piracetam in the simian brain].	autoradiography of the brain of the monkey callithrix jacchus 2 and 6 h after oral application of 200 mg 14c-piracetam/kg (2-oxo-pyrrolidine-l-acetamide-2-14c) shows that the drug is preferably concentrated in the cortex of cerebrum and cerebellum. this specific affinity of piracetam which was observed earlier in dog and rat is thus confirmed in the primate and seems to be species independent. beside the dominant cortical concentration there is a characteristic storage of piracetam in many nucle ...	1978	415743
sex determination in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	the general morphology of the external genitalia was examined in 43 common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) ranging in age from newborn to adult. at birth, the scrotum was a small irregular fold of skin on either side of the caudal aspect of the penis. the testes were not present in the scrotum until 8--11 months of age. the scrotum covered the penis in the adult male, was devoid of fur, was covered by pearly while nodules, and presented a median raphe. in the young female, the pudendal pad closel ...	1978	416296
composition of the milk of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) and milk substitutes used in hand-rearing programmes, with special reference to fatty acids.	analyses of marmoset (callithrix jacchus) milk were carried out to determine values for crude protein, lactose, total lipids, major minerals, and osmotic pressure. mean values were (g/100 ml): protein, 3.6; lactose, 7.5; total lipids, 7.7; minerals (mg/100 ml): sodium, 21.4; potassium, 54.3; calcium, 92.2; phosphorus, 22.8; magnesium, 5.0; chloride, 52.2; osmotic pressure, 354 mosm/kg water. similar analyses were conducted on 2 milk substitutes used in hand-rearing programmes. fatty acid analyse ...	1978	417007
physical, hormonal and behavioural aspects of sexual development in the marmoset monkey, callithrix jacchus.	measurements of growth, plasma progesterone and testosterone levels, and copulatory behaviour were obtained from captive marmosets from birth until 600-800 days of age. body weight and knee-to-heel length were similar for both sexes. males exhibited a neonatal testosterone surge from 15-100 days and testosterone levels began to rise again, coincident with the growth of the testis, at about 250 days. the males were copulating by 400-500 days of age. paired females were apparently ovulating and ab ...	1978	417178
the use of marmosets (callithrix jacchus) in teratological and toxicological research.		1978	417324
callithrix jacchus jacchus as a subject for behavioural projects in biomedical research.		1978	417326
use of the common marmoset, callithrix jacchus, in reproductive research.	a self-sustaining colony of common marmosets, callithrix jacchus, was established for reproductive research. methods of management were developed to ensure optimal breeding conditions for marmosets in captivity. studies of the reproductive biology and endocrinology of this species suggest that the common marmoset may be a suitable model for the human in certain aspects of the ovarian cycle, pregnancy, puberty and the hypothalamic and pituitary control of luteinizing hormone secretion. the rapid ...	1978	417331
observations on a colony of cotton eared marmosets callithrix jacchus with some plans for future expansion.	the current and proposed colony design and management are described. in an effort to increase the neonatal survival of marmosets, an outdoor-indoor housing arrangement is planned.	1978	417333
yersinia enterocolitica infections in non-human primates.	yersinia enterocolitica was isolated from ten non-human primates in the netherlands. the following species were represented: potto, senegalgalago, wooly monkey, black spider monkey, common marmoset, cottonhead tamarin, pigtailed macaque and lesser whitenosed guenon.	1977	418633
diagnosis of pregnancy in marmosets (callithrix jacchus).	3 techniques for studying reproductive function in the marmoset are described. abdominal palpation was found to be the most successful method for diagnosis of pregnancy. vaginal cytology and urinary immunoassays met with limited success and were of supportive value only.	1975	804072
clinical use of ct1341 anaesthetic ("saffan") in marmosets (callithrix jacchus).	an intramuscular dose of 18 mg/kg bodyweight of this steroid anaesthetic produced surgical anaesthesia with rapid induction, safe, efficient maintenance and rapid recovery without side effects.	1975	804073
the use of transabdominal palpation to determine the course of pregnancy in the marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	transabdominal palpation was used to determine maturity, course of pregnancy and post-partum changes in marmosets throughout seventy-four full-term pregnancies. the accuracy of the technique is compared with that of other methods of studying the course of pregnancy in this species.	1975	805234
prealbumins in the vaginal flushings of the marmoset, callithrix jacchus.		1975	805235
management of marmosets for biomedical research.	the management of a successful breeding colony of common marmosets, callithrix jacchus, is described, including details of treatment during the conditioning period after arrival from the wild. methods are described for the collection of blood, urine, and vaginal washings. suggestions are made for improving the conditions of importation of these animals from south america.	1975	806744
metabolism and autoradiographic distribution of delta-8- and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in some organs of the monkey callithrix jacchus.	metabolism and autoradiographic distribution of the two isomeric tetrahydrocannabinols, (2,4-14-c)-delta-8-thc and (2,4-14-c)-delta-9-thc, were studied in the marmoset callithrix jacchus. of the two cannabinoids, delta-8-thc had a slower initial rate of biotransformation to the psychopharmacologically more potent 11-hydroxylated metabolite. this may explain the minor psychopharmacological activity of the delta-8-isomer. in glandular tissues an accumulation of unchanged delta-9-thc was observed. ...	1975	806815
abnormal fetal development in the marmoset (callithrix jacchus).		1975	808604
thalamic and other subcortical projections to area mt (visual area of superior temporal sulcus) in the marmoset callithrix jacchus.		1975	810924
[studies, analyses and experiments on the use of the hand of callithrix jacchus erxleben 1777. i. locomotion behavior].		1975	811499
reproduction of wild-caught and laboratory-born marmoset species used in biomedical research (saguinus sp, callithrix jacchus).	reproductive performances of wild-caught and laboratory-born marmosets maintained in a paired-cage system were summarized. wild-caught, white-lipped (wl) marmosets (saguinus fuscicollis, s nigricollis) averaged 2.6 live births per pair per yr compared with 1.6 for cotton-topped (ct) marmosets (s oedipus); s fuscicollis illigeri pairs were the best producers. of first and second generation laboratory-born animals, crossbred or hybrid wl pairs were the best producers; first generation pairs averag ...	1975	813062
[observations, analyses and experiments on the use of the hand in callithrix jacchus erxleben, 1777. part ii. fine analysis of prehensive behavior].	the use of the hand of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus erxleben, 1777) was analysed on the basis of observations and experiments conducted on 56 animals of all age. during arboreal locomotion callithrix jacchus makes use of the hands for support and for grasping to maintain its balance, the palmar region serves as the main means of support, while the findgers in the locomotor grip also contribute to maintaining balance and support. the greater the need for maintaining balance, for exampl ...	1975	814031
the effect of dexamethasone in traumatic changes of the periodontium of marmosets (callithrix jacchus).	the systemic administration of steroid hormone (0.400 mg of dexamethasone every 2 days), during a 28-day period in marmosets (callithrix jacchus) produced modifications in the evolution of the experimental periodontal traumatism. the observed changes were osteoporosis and reduction of the periodontal fibers in quantity as well as a reduction of repair process, when compared to the control group that only received the action of the trauma from occlusion.	1976	815537
autoradiographic studies on the distribution of 3h-mescaline in the brain of the marmoset, callithrix jacchus.	autoradiographs of the brain of the marmoset, callithrix jacchus, show a strong labeling of the hippocampus and the n. amygdalae 18 h after injection of 3h-mescaline. a similar characteristic autoradiographic pattern was previously found in the mouse brain, too.	1976	815928
the reproductive potential of the common cotton-eared marmoset (callithrix jacchus) in captivity.	the breeding records of a closed colony of marmosets maintained for five years are described. three generations have been born and a high incidence of multiparity has been achieved. the reproductive potential of c. jacchus is higher than that of virtually any other primate maintained in captivity.	1976	818387
an outbreak of shigellosis in laboratory marmosets and tamarins (family: callithricidae).	an outbreak of shigellosis due to shigella sonnei, is reported in laboratory maintained marmosets (callithrix jacchus) and tamarins (saguinus nigricollis). the clinical signs and pathological lesions are described and the microbiological findings discussed. control of the disease was based upon hygiene and antibiotic therapy and the consequences of this approach are described in detail.	1976	819574
an ethogram of the common marmoset (calithrix jacchus jacchus): general behavioural repertoire.	the behavioural repertoire of four captive breeding pairs of callithrix jacchus jacchus is described. social communication took the form of postures, facial expressions, vocalizations and piloerection displays. detailed analyses were made of piloerection displays, adult play, copulatory, aggressive, and prey-catching behaviour. aggressive behaviour was uncommon in adult mated pairs. play between adults showed a degree of temporal of temporal organization. vocalizations were the main methods of i ...	1976	820223
some aspects of sexuality and reproduction in groups of captive marmosets (callitbrix jacchus).	several aspects of sexual and reproductive behaviour of callithrix jacchus were studied for almost five years. the most important results are as follows: (1) in artificial groups (ag), heterosexual interactions were observed with varying frequencies between all group members; in the family groups (fg), however only between the parents (a-male and a-female). (2) in general, sexual interactions between two animals in the ag were tolerated by the other group members; in the fg, the offspring tried ...	1975	821267
comparative autoradiographic and metabolic study of delta8- and delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the brain of the marmoset callithrix jacchus.	the label distribution in the brain of the marmoset callithrix jacchus following intravenous application of radioactively labeled delta8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta8-thc) and delta9-thc is investigated by autoradiographic technique. accumulations of label are observed in nuclei concerned with motor function, in the optic and acoustic pathways, and a few other structures. of the two hydroxylated isomeres which were shown to be equally psychoactive the brain concentration of 11-oh-delta9-thc was f ...	1976	822439
skeletal development in the foetal and neonatal marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	qualitative and quantitative measurements of skeletal development were performed on foetal marmosets in utero and on fixed specimens of both foetuses and neonates. the sequence of skeletal changes may be used to assess developmental status and the prenatal growth of the marmoset is compared with that of other primate species.	1976	823366
the skin of the palms and soles of the marmosets (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata).	the structure and histochemistry of the palmar and plantar skin were studied in four adult male marmosets (two callithrix jacchus and two callithrix penicillata). in this skin there exist well-developed epidermal ridges, to which are attached one or two ducts of sweat glands. a thick stratum corneum can be seen in the epidermis, while a distinct stratum lucidum cannot be isolated from the other layers. the stratum granulosum is constituted by one or three layers of cells containing keratohyalin ...	1976	823786
histochemical differences between the major salivary glands of the marmosets (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata).	histoenzymologic differences between the parotid, paramandibular and submandibular glands were studied in six callithrix jacchus (four males and two females) and four callithrix penicillata (three males and one female). the acinous cells of the paramandibular glands showed a stronger reactivity for the diaphorases (nadh2-tr and nadph2-tr) and for a certain group of enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism (f-1-6p ald, ldh, adh, g-6-pdh and 6-pgdh), lipid metabolism (alpha-gpdh, beta-ohbdh, alkalin ...	1976	827738
the embryology of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	earlier studies have noted the unusual placental anatomy of marmosets and the high frequency of biovular, synchorial twinning. the maintenance of a captive colony of callithrix jacchus has enabled further studies to be made of embryonic development in this species. thirty-six embryos from seventeen pregnancies were examined in detail and assigned to horizons on the basis of streeter's classification of external form and internal structure. the specimens represented tha major part of the embryoni ...	1976	827927
the excretion of steroids by the adult marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus).		1975	829965
tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the nucleus basalis of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	in the course of characterizing the distribution of putative catecholaminergic neurons in the brain of the common marmoset, we encountered a population of such cells in the basal forebrain. tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons are abundant within the nucleus basalis magnocellularis throughout its entire rostrocaudal extent, but not in other cholinergic basal forebrain nuclei. most tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cells are large and multipolar. double staining with antibodies to cholin ...	1992	1280282
nbqx (6-nitro-sulfamoyl-benzo-quinoxaline-dione) and cpp (3-carboxy-piperazin-propyl phosphonic acid) potentiate dopamine agonist induced rotations in substantia nigra lesioned rats.	degeneration of dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons in primate models of parkinson's disease (pd) leads to an overactivity of excitatory glutamatergic projections from the subthalamic nucleus (stn) to the output nuclei of the basal ganglia resulting in rigidity and akinesia. the selective alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (ampa) antagonist 6-nitro-sulfamoyl-benzo-quinoxaline-dione (nbqx) and the competitive n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) antagonist 3-carboxy-piperazin-propyl phosp ...	1992	1280793
the mossy fiber terminals in the hippocampal formation of callithrix jacchus: comparative and evolutionary considerations.	the distribution of mossy fiber terminals in the regio inferior of the hippocampus of callithrix jacchus was studied by means of timm's method. the topographic distribution of timm-positive zones in the hilus, in the suprapyramidal and intrapyramidal areas of the ca3 subfield is described. a timm-positive reaction in intragranular strips and supragranular zones, the presence of timm-negative zones in the infragranular border of the fascia dentata were found in this species. a comparison between ...	1992	1284794
ultrastructure of adult and juvenile marmoset (callithrix jacchus) sertoli cells in vivo and in vitro.	the morphologic differentiation of sertoli cells isolated from adult and juvenile marmosets and cultured on different extracellular matrices was evaluated by light and electron microscopy and compared to cells in vivo. both cell types could be maintained in culture for at least 6 days. the degree of cellular differentiation, shape, ultrastructural appearance, and polarity seemed to benefit from laminin-coated substrata, compared with collagen-, fibronectin-, serum-, and heparan sulfate-coated su ...	1992	1293135
zonal differentiation of the marmoset (callithrix jacchus) endometrium.	the differentiation of the marmoset (callithrix jacchus) endometrium under different steroid hormone levels was investigated by electron microscopy and by the binding of different antibodies directed against collagen types. based on differences in the glandular and interglandular compartments, the endometrium of sexually mature common marmosets consists of 3 zones: basal, adluminal and luminal. hormone-dependent appearances are characterised. with low steroid concentrations, intercellular spaces ...	1992	1295868
developmental biology of the common marmoset: proposal for a "postnatal staging".	the published knowledge on neurobiological, psychological, and ethological aspects of development in callithrix jacchus is still limited. we have collected published and unpublished data from several callithrix colonies and pooled information on criteria for developmental progress and maturation using a questionnaire sent to numerous experts in the field. the data suggest that developmental stages can be defined not only for the embryonic and fetal but also for the postnatal period. based on mul ...	1992	1297850
fine structure of the vomeronasal organ in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus).		1992	1306179
effects of oestradiol-17 beta on fsh-stimulated steroidogenesis in cultured marmoset granulosa cells.	a role for oestradiol in ovarian follicular development is well recognized. however, a number of disparate effects have been reported for the action of oestradiol in the primate ovary. to investigate this further, we have examined the effects of oestradiol on the differentiation of granulosa cells isolated from small (0.5-1 mm) antral follicles obtained from the ovaries of prepubertal marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus). granulosa cells were co-cultured with oestradiol and human fsh (hfsh) for ...	1992	1310713
cellular localization of tyrosine hydroxylase mrna and cholecystokinin mrna-containing cells in the ventral mesencephalon of the common marmoset: effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.	in situ hybridization histochemistry was used to localize tyrosine hydroxylase (th) mrna and cholecystokinin (cck) mrna-expressing cells in the ventral mesencephalon of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) and to examine the effects of the dopaminergic (da) neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp) on these two populations of neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra (snc) and ventral tegmental area (vta). x-ray film and liquid emulsion autoradiography of bra ...	1992	1347634
differences in fatty acid composition of various tissues of the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) after different lipid supplemented diets.	1. the fatty acid composition of different muscles, organs and blood components of the marmoset monkey were examined after long-term feeding of several well defined lipid supplemented diets. 2. similarities between the fatty acid composition of cardiac and skeletal muscles which persisted after all diets suggest that biopsy of skeletal muscle may have an important diagnostic value in this and other primate species. 3. the relationship between the dietary intake of individual fatty acids and thei ...	1992	1348468
terguride stimulates locomotor activity at 2 months but not 10 months after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine treatment of common marmosets.	the mixed dopamine (da) agonist/antagonist terguride acts as a da antagonist on normosensitive receptors but shows da agonistic properties at supersensitive da receptors. such a compound could offer an alternative to the treatment of parkinson's disease with indirect or direct da agonists. the present study compares the actions of terguride, 4-12 mg/kg i.p., in naive common marmosets with its effects in animals rendered parkinsonian by administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridi ...	1992	1350996
behavioural analysis of unilateral monoamine depletion in the marmoset.	unilateral stereotaxic injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda) into the nigrostriatal bundle of marmosets (callithrix jacchus) produced substantial losses of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons from the substantia nigra, and mean dopamine (da) depletions of 98-99% in the caudate nucleus, putamen and nucleus accumbens, and of 91-97% in frontal cortex, on the side of the lesion. noradrenaline (na) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) levels were also affected. behavioural tests conducted pre-op ...	1992	1352726
motor activity following the administration of selective d-1 and d-2 dopaminergic drugs to mptp-treated common marmosets.	the ability of selective d-1 agonist and antagonist drugs to alter motor deficits and locomotor activity was studied in mptp-treated common marmosets. both the d-2 agonist quinpirole and the mixed d-1/d-2 agonist apomorphine reversed the motor impairments and induced locomotor activity. the d-1 antagonist sch 23390 and the d-2 antagonist raclopride given alone further reduced motor function in mptp-treated animals. the actions of quinpirole were potently and completely inhibited by raclopride bu ...	1992	1365671
sister-chromatid exchange rates in xx and xy cells of ten chimeric callithrix jacchus individuals.	in order to ascertain whether or not sister-chromatid exchange (sce) differs in relation to sex, sce rates in xx and xy cells from 10 specimens of marmoset (callithrix jacchus) were examined. the choice of this primate is particularly suitable for three reasons: most individuals have a chimeric constitution, the x chromosome is quite large and the y chromosome is particularly small. therefore, the influence of possible differences in their exposure to the external environment can be eliminated. ...	1992	1374152
chronic mptp treatment reduces substance p and met-enkephalin content in the basal ganglia of the marmoset.	common marmosets were treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp, 1.25-2.5 mg/kg s.c., twice a week) for 5-10 consecutive months. the initial doses of mptp produced a severe parkinsonian syndrome but motor activity was partially recovered at the end of treatment. fifteen days or 6 months after the last mptp dose, monkeys were sacrificed. in addition to a strong decrease of dopamine in the striatum, there were significant reductions in substance p and met-enkephalin content i ...	1992	1380867
evidence that most of the radioimmunoassayable inhibin secreted by the corpus luteum of the common marmoset monkey is of a non-dimeric form.	although recent data for several species of primate, including human and marmoset, indicate that the corpus luteum secretes high levels of radioimmunoassayable inhibin, the nature of the immunoreactive (ir) inhibin detected has not been established. in this study, plasma ir-inhibin levels during the ovarian cycle of the marmoset (n = 12 animals) were measured by alpha-subunit-directed inhibin ria, and values were compared with those estimated by a recently developed two-site immunoradiometric as ...	1992	1391341
quantification and excretion profiles of pteridines in primate urine.	biopterin, 6-hydroxymethyl-pterin, isoxanthopterin, neopterin and, pterin were quantified in stress-free collected spontaneous morning urine samples from callithrix jacchus, saguinus fuscicollis, saguinus labiatus, saimiri sciureus, presbytis entellus, cercopithecus albogularis, cercocebus torquatus, macaca fascicularis, hylobates concolor, pongo pygmaeus, and gorilla gorilla. in most species, biopterin was the most frequent urinary pteridine followed by neopterin. sex differences in biopterin a ...	1992	1404333
age determination of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) by radiographic examination of skeletal development.	seventy-four animals were examined radiographically to determine the skeletal development of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) from 6 months of age. twenty-one epiphyses were examined and five stages of ossification were described for each. the animals were divided into nine groups, according to age, and a table of the stage of ossification and age was produced, which may be used for determining the age of animals of unknown history.	1992	1404334
stimulation of immunoreactive inhibin production by preimplantation embryos during early pregnancy in the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus).	the role of the embryo in promoting increased plasma concentrations of immunoreactive inhibin after conception in the marmoset monkey was determined by flushing embryos from the uterus between days 5 and 9 after ovulation (implantation commences on days 11-12). blood samples were taken from each animal (three times a week) after ovulation until the end of the luteal phase. plasma inhibin concentrations were measured using a radioimmunoassay based on antisera against a synthetic fragment of the a ...	1992	1432971
studies on the developmental cycle of trichospirura leptostoma (nematoda: thelaziidae). experimental infection of the intermediate hosts blatella germanica and supella longipalpa and the definitive host callithrix jacchus and development in the intermediate hosts.	the cockroaches blatella germanica and supella longipalpa can act as intermediate hosts of trichospirura leptostoma as demonstrated by experimental infestation. the parasite developed from the embryonated egg into the infective larval stage (l3) in cockroaches within 5-6 weeks. after experimental infection of marmosets (callithrix jacchus), eggs were first found in faecal samples (prepatency) at 8-9 weeks post-infection. patency lasts about 2 years. despite the presence of living adult worms in ...	1992	1438137
dietary fat modulation of left ventricular ejection fraction in the marmoset due to enhanced filling.	the aim was to investigate the influence of long term dietary fish oil consumption on cardiac function in a non-human primate, to elucidate further the basis of the apparently reduced cardiovascular disease mortality associated with its consumption in man.	1992	1451164
relative effects of activin and inhibin on steroid hormone synthesis in primate granulosa cells.	ovarian granulosa cells produce inhibin and activin, structurally related proteins with potentials to directly modulate follicular steroidogenesis. the aim of the present study was to compare development-related effects of inhibin-a and activin-a on steroidogenesis in marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) granulosa cells. granulosa cells from "immature" (< 1.0 mm diameter) and "mature" (> 2 mm diameter) follicles were incubated in serum-free culture medium for 96 h with and without peptide (1-100 ...	1992	1464664