Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| recent advances in microbiology in leprosy. | the recent advances in microbiology of leprosy are reviewed. till now the leprosy bacillus had not been cultivated in laboratory media; the recent claims of success have not been confirmed. there has been a breakthrough in the experimental transmission of leprosy to experimental animals--the white mice, the immune depressed white mice, and the nine-banded armadillo. apart from providing definite proof for the causative relationship of the bacillus discovered by hansen and the disease leprosy, th ... | 1977 | 70571 |
| ultrastructure of the acinar cells in the submandibular gland of the nine-banded armadillo. | there are two discrete lobes comprising the armadillo submandibular gland. these two lobes can be defined grossly, histochemically and morphologically with the light and electron microscope. the minor lobe stains more intensely with pas and ab. when viewed in the electron microscope, the secretory granules of the acinar cells within this lobe appear mucous-like. the granules of the demilune cells are slightly different in appearance. the secretory granules of the acinar cells in the major lobe c ... | 1978 | 73594 |
| cross-reactions between serum proteins and water soluble liver tissue antigens of the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus linn.) and man. | cross-reactions between serum proteins and water soluble liver antigens of the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus linn.) and man were studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (cie). armadillo serum tested with rabbit antiserum against human serum proteins gave twelve components in cie. nine of these cross-reacting proteins were identified and showed partial identity with the corresponding human proteins. the electrophoretic mobility of alpha 2-macroglobulin and gc-globulin differed in t ... | 1979 | 93527 |
| chagas's disease in the amazon basin: 1. trypanosoma cruzi infections in silvatic mammals, triatomine bugs and man in the state of pará, north brazil. | a total of 1,197 wild animals from pará state north brazil, were examined for haematozoa. trypanosoma cruzi-like parasites were found in 13 different species, and were particularly common in a variety of marsupials (didelphidae), porcupines (coendou spp.), armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) and coatimundis(nasua nasua). three human infections are reported, making a total of seven autochthonous cases of chagas's disease from pará since the first were described in 1969. a serological survey of 5,31 ... | 1979 | 112730 |
| cytochrome-linked respiration in host grown m. leprae isolated from an armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus, l.). | the bacilli were isolated from an armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus, l.) and cytochrome systems as well as oxidation of succinate and nadh by m. leprae were studied. cell-free extracts of m. leprae contained cytochromes of the a + a3, b, c and o type. whole cell suspensions catalyzed the oxidation of succinate. the process was unaffected by rotenone but was markedly inhibited by thenoyltrifluoroacetone, antimycin a and cyanide. cell-free preparations of m. leprae also oxidized nadh with oxygen as ... | 1977 | 198384 |
| electrophoretic patterns and kinetics of heart and muscle lactate dehydrogenase of the nine-banded armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus. | 1975 | 237734 | |
| naturally acquired leprosy-like disease in the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus): reactions in leprosy patients to lepromins prepared from naturally infected armadillos. | 1977 | 336883 | |
| cholesterol, a factor which is required for growth of mycobacteria from leprous tissues. | in a yeast extract, glycerol and sheep serum containing medium, slow but abundant growth of mycobacteria occurred when media were inoculated with m. leprae isolated from leprous tissues of armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus linn.). the lipid fraction of the serum was the essential factor for growth. cholesterol not only replaced, but surpassed the growth promoting effect of the lipid fraction. however, growth of mycobacteria was observed only when media were enriched with serum. the relationship o ... | 1978 | 355155 |
| ocular histopathology in animals experimentally infected with mycobacterium leprae and m. lepraemurium. 1. mycobacterium leprae and m. lepraemurium infections in the mouse. 2. mycobacterium leprae infections in the 9-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus l.). | at varying periods of time following the successful establishment of systemic infections with mycobacterium leprae or m. lepraemurium in the mouse and the nine-banded armadillo eyes were examined by light microscopy. inoculation of bacilli was by the intravenous or intraperitoneal route or directly into the hind footpads; eyes were not directly inoculated in this study. during periods of up to 3 years under laboratory conditions no animal showed evidence of impaired vision or blindness, and the ... | 1978 | 356872 |
| formation of antibody against mycobacterium leprae antigen 7 in armadillos. | a radioimmunoassay developed to measure antibody against mycobacterium leprae antigen 7 in man was applied to the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). normal armadillo sera had low but significant antibody activity in the test. fourteen of 17 armadillos with systemic mycobacterial infection after inoculation with m. leprae showed increased antibody activity in the assay, and in some instances the activity was higher than in a pool of sera from patients with lepromatous leprosy. crossed ... | 1978 | 364069 |
| naturally acquired leprosy-like disease in the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus): histopathologic and microbiologic studies of tissues. | 1977 | 411927 | |
| leishmaniasis in brazil: xiii. isolation of leishmania from armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus), and observations on the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in north pará state. | 1979 | 473314 | |
| serologic survey for toxoplasma gondii in wild animals in florida. | blood samples were collected for serum separation from 114 species of wild animals (25 species of mammals, 82 species of birds, and 7 species of reptiles) in florida. each of the 3,471 samples was tested for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii, using the indirect hemagglutination test. the highest prevalences of t gondii antibodies were 19% in armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus), 18% in raccoons (procyon lotor), 13% in black rats (rattus rattus), and 11% in opossums (didelphis marsupialis). antibody p ... | 1979 | 521384 |
| lack of observed association between armadillo contact and leprosy in humans. | in 1971 it was discovered that the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus) could be infected in the laboratory with mycobacterium leprae, and would manifest disease similar to the lepromatous form of leprosy in man. in 1975 several wild armadillos captured in louisiana were found to have a disease identical to the m. laprae infection in laboratory animals. to determine if there is a significant association between contact with armadillos and presence of leprosy in humans, the armadillo cont ... | 1977 | 557294 |
| response of the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus) to gonadotropins and steroids. | adult male and female, nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) were treated with exogenous gonadotropins and steroids to induce mating in captivity. gonadotropin treatment induced follicular development and ovulation in the female but failed to enhance semen quality in the male. the number of ovarian follicles increased as the dosage of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin increased; ovulation rate appeared to be inversely related to dose. mating behavior was not detected in any of the trials, ... | 1977 | 561866 |
| chromatin ultrastructure changes during spermatogenesis in armadillos. | the chromatin fibres of the male gamete nucleus of dasypus novemcinctus contain fibrils. measurements indicate that the chromatin fibre diameter and the number of fibrils within the fibre increase, whereas the diameter of the fibrils decreases during spermiogenesis. it is suggested that the fibrils represent a dna-protein complex. it is further suggested that the increased fibre diameter, and the increased number of fibrils correlates with the formation of larger fibres during the condensation o ... | 1977 | 616385 |
| endoneurial mast cells in peripheral nerves of the armadillo dermis. | electron microscopy of the dermis of the 9-banded armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus, reveals an intimate relationship of mast cells to peripheral nerves. mast cells are routinely found in the dermis in close proximity to nerves, and mast cells are also present within the perineurial cell sheath in the endoneurial space proper. these cells contain electron opaque granules and exhibit numerous surface folds as is characteristic of other species. the degranulation of the mast cells by injection of 0. ... | 1978 | 688376 |
| the character of sperm maturation in the epididymis of the ascrotal hyrax, procavia capensis and armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus. | 1978 | 719095 | |
| hematologic parameters for wild and captive nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus). | hematologic parameters were determined at capture and during captivity for nine-banded armadillos. compared to the time of capture, the mean erythrocyte counts were significantly lower after 6 months in captivity. after 1 year in captivity, the mean hematocrit was significantly higher and the mean neutrophil count in males was significantly lower. although the number of armadillos sampled was greater than in previous research, the variation within groups was large. | 1978 | 723223 |
| ultrastructure of the parotid gland of the nine-banded armadillo. | the parotid gland of the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus) was examined by electron microscopy. in general, the ultrastructural morphology of this gland appears similar to that described in other species. the most unusual feature of the gland is that the secretory granules of the acinar cells contain a wide variety of substructures. these substructures range from a single dense core within a homogeneous matrix to a more complex cord-like network extending throughout the granule. it is ... | 1978 | 727525 |
| indigenous leprosy in the armadillo dasypus novemcinctus. | 1978 | 752071 | |
| experimental leprosy in the nine-banded armadillo. | 1975 | 813256 | |
| the fine structure of the interstitial tissue of the testis of the nine-banded armadillo. | the interstitial tissue of the testis of the nine-banded armadillo is composed of blood vessels, clusters of leydig cells, the usual connective tissue elements, and a network of lymphatic sinusoids. the endothelial walls of the sinusoids are separated from the peritubular contractile cell layer surrounding the seminiferous tubules by a thin layer of collagen. the pertibular contractile cell is characterized by filaments and dense bodies within the cytoplasm, whereas the endothelial cells lack th ... | 1977 | 835839 |
| preparation and characterization of armadillo submandibular glycoproteins. | the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus mexicanus peters) was chosen for this study so that a comparison could be made of the salivary mucus glycoproteins of an ancient mammalian species with those derived from previously studied, more highly evolved species. two mucus glycoproteins, armadillo submandibular glycoprotein a and armadillo submandibular glycoprotein b, were prepared from the armadillo submandibular gland by a modification of the method of tettamanti & pigman (1968) (arch. bi ... | 1977 | 851423 |
| spermatogonia and the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in the nine-banded armadillo. | the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium of the nine-banded armadillo can be divided into ten stages. as in most mammals, only one stage is observed per tubular cross-section. the process of spermiogenesis can be divided into thirteen steps according to the development of the acrosomal system and the flagellum. four generations of spermatogonia are abserved in the germinal epithelium: 1) stem cells, 2)type "a", 3) intermediate, and 4) type "b" spermatogonia. the stem cell is characterized by a h ... | 1977 | 870208 |
| spontaneous renal disease in louisiana armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus). | renal lesions were present in 34 (68%) of 50 armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) collected for a survey of the prevalence of leptospires in louisiana wildlife. the renal lesions were not associated with elevations in the renal function tests of blood urea nitrogen or serum creatinine or with consistent serologic or cultural evidence of leptospires. | 1977 | 916135 |
| a scanning electron microscopic survey of the brain ventricular system of the female armadillo. | the scanning electron microscope was used to survey the brain ventricular system of the female armadille (dasypus novemcinctus) with emphasis on the third ventricle. the walls of the lateral ventricles, aqueduct, and fourth ventricle are covered by long cilia. in the lateral ventricle, the cilia are arranged in groups; but in the aqueduct and fourth ventricle, they are evenly placed over the cellular surfaces. the ependymal cells of the third ventricle are densely ciliated except for the organum ... | 1977 | 922852 |
| naturally acquired leprosy-like disease in the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus): recent epizootiologic findings. | 1977 | 926090 | |
| some hematologic and temperature determinations in the 7-banded armadillo (dasypus hybridus). | hematologic values were determined for 10 male and 16 female 7-banded armadillos (dasypus hybridus), known as the "mulita" in argentina. values for females and males, respectively, were: pcv 40.47 +/- 1.26 and 39.67 +/- 1.40 ml/dl; sedimentation rate 15.3 +/- 3.26 and 10.6 +/- mm/hr; rbc 6.001 +/- 0.128 and 5.963 +/- 0.170 x 10(6)/mm3; wbc 8.425 +/- 1.417 and 10.084 +/- 1.001 x 10(3)/mm3; hemoglobin 16.14 +/- 0.66 and 16.84 +/- 0.52; mcv, mch, mchc, and differential leukocyte count were also det ... | 1976 | 940304 |
| disseminated infection in the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus) resulting from inoculation with m. leprae. observations made on 15 animals studied at autopsy. | 2006 | 945242 | |
| ultrastructure of the salivary bladder of the nine-banded armadillo. | the nine-banded armadillo possesses a salivary bladder which is a dilated portion of the main duct of the submandibular gland at its origin. the wall of the bladder is composed of an epithelium, a submucosa and a thick coat of skeletal muscle. the ultrastructure of the epithelium reveals that it is complex and consists of three cell types: 1) principal cells, 2) light cells, and 3) basal cells. the general organization of the epithelium suggests that it is a transporting type of epithelium such ... | 1976 | 949730 |
| use of the nine-banded armadillo for sampling soil insects for pesticide residue analysis. | 1975 | 1063623 | |
| the immune system of the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus, linn). | the armadillo is rapidly emerging as an animal for biomedical research. a morphological study of the immune system of the armadillo was undertaken to try to demonstrate a possible defect in the morphogenesis of the lymphoid organs that could account for their susceptibility to leprosy. blood from 20 domesticated adult armadillos revealed lymphocytes predominated among circulating leukocytes in the majority of animals, whereas in wild animals neutrophils predominated. necropsies revealed well-dev ... | 1975 | 1091181 |
| cytochrome pigments in mycobacterium leprae isolated from armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus l.). | the bacilli were isolated from granulomata harvested from armadillos. cytochrome systems in whole cell suspensions as well as in cell-free extracts were examined spectrophotometrically. the intact cells contained cytochromes of the a+b3, b and c type which were found to be present mainly in the reduced form. the cytochrome systems in cell-free extracts of m. leprae were in the oxidized form but contained the same type of cytochromes as the intact bacteria. the presence of cytochromes was easily ... | 1975 | 1099400 |
| histochemistry of glycoproteins in the gastric epithelium of the fundic and body regions of dasypus novemcinctus. | 2009 | 1178932 | |
| functional localization and cortical architecture in the nine-banded armadilli (dasypus novemcinctus mexicanus). | a functional map of the armadillo neocortex was produced by cortical stimulation and recording evoked potentials following somatic, auditory and visual stimuli. the results obtained were then correlated with the cortical architecture as revealed by nissl, golgi and myelin-stained sections. cortex rostral to the supraorbital sulcus has a wide layer iv and is mostly silent, except for a motor eye field and a part of the tongue sensory region in its caudal part. two types of motor-sensory cortex ar ... | 1975 | 1206132 |
| improved caging for nine-banded armadillos. | impact resistant polyethylene cages were evaluated in these laboratories as replacements for plywood boxes for housing nine-banded armadillos. they were found to be less expensive, easier to sanitize, and to require less than one-third as much floor space per animal as the boxes. this innovation has made it practical to house large numbers of armadillos economically and conveniently in almost any animal facility. | 1976 | 1271741 |
| myoglobin: quantification in the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcintus). | 1976 | 1277801 | |
| the functional morphology of xenarthrous vertebrae in the armadillo dasypus novemcinctus (mammalia, xenarthra). | in order to assess the mechanical properties of xenarthrous vertebrae, and to evaluate the role of xenarthrae as fossorial adaptations, in vitro bending tests were performed on posterior thoracic and lumbar vertebral segments excised from specimens of the armadillo dasypus novemcinctus and the opossum didelphis virginiana, the latter being used to represent the primitive mammalian condition. the columns of the two species were subjected to dorsal, ventral, and lateral bending, as well as torsion ... | 1992 | 1433308 |
| the pathogenesis of leprosy in the nine-banded armadillo and the significance of igm antibodies to pgl-1. | twenty-seven nine-banded armadillos captured from the wild and tested free of wild m. leprae infection were distributed into four groups. they were injected at the right hind footpad with saline suspensions of m. leprae at doses of 10(3), 10(4), 10(5) and 10(6). pgl-1 antibody levels were estimated using an elisa test, twice during six months before the infection and every two months after the infection. one animal from each group was sacrificed at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30-month intervals and anoth ... | 1992 | 1607712 |
| molecular phylogeny of the superorder archonta. | the superorder archonta has been hypothesized to include primates, tree shrews, bats, and flying lemurs as descendants of a common ancestor. more recently, a diphyletic origin for bats has been proposed. to evaluate these hypotheses, the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit ii gene was determined from a bushbaby (galago senegalensis), flying lemur (cynocephalus variegatus), tree shrew (tupaia glis), spear-nosed bat (phyllostomus hastatus), rousette bat (rousettus l ... | 1991 | 1658802 |
| an attempt to produce experimental tuberculoid leprosy in the nine-banded armadillo. | in an attempt to produce experimental tuberculoid leprosy, three nine-banded armadillos, two with borderline tuberculoid lepromin reaction, and one with tuberculoid lepromin reaction, were chosen. they were injected subcutaneously in a four square centimetre area in the abdominal skin with saline suspension of 6.5 x 10(7) m. leprae. induration of skin at the injected site appeared in 24 hours and persisted for 6 months in one and for 18 months in the other two animals. histopathological examinat ... | 1991 | 1783786 |
| comparison of polymerase chain reaction technique with other methods for detection of mycobacterium leprae in tissues of wild nine-banded armadillos. | thirty, nine-banded armadillos weighing between 3 and 5 kilograms trapped from an area endemic for armadillo leprosy were collected at random; killed, autopsied and examined histopathologically. also, one of the right inguinal lymph nodes was removed under sterile precautions and examined using pcr, direct smear examination, mouse footpad study, culture in laboratory media and histopathology with a view to detecting mycobacterium leprae. blood was collected at death and tested for igm antibodies ... | 1991 | 1784151 |
| nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus) as an animal model for leprosy. | dr. dharmendra was one of the most distinguished leprologists of our time. he loved india so much that he offered his entire life to fight leprosy, a major health problem in india. he realized the great need in this much neglected field of medicine and willingly gave his utmost, whatever be the cost. he served in the field of leprosy with great distinction and he earned the respect of his fellow workers from all over the world. he made outstanding contributions to the study of leprosy, the ident ... | 2015 | 1804890 |
| epidemiological and nosological aspects of leishmania naiffi lainson & shaw, 1989. | leishmania naiffi was isolated from 10 out of 64 armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) examined in amazonas, pará and rondônia states in the brazilian amazon region. the isolates were obtained in culture from samples of liver (3), spleen (3), lymph nodes (2), skin (1) and blood (1) from the infected animals. heavy infections with the same parasite were detected for the first time in psychodopygus squamiventris, a common man-biting phlebotomine, in amazonas and pará. a new case of cutaneous leishmani ... | 1991 | 1842423 |
| naturally acquired and experimental leprosy in nonhuman primates. | naturally-acquired leprosy has been observed in chimpanzees and sooty mangabey monkeys. experimental multibacillary leprosy was established in 24 of 36 mangabey monkeys, 7 of 34 rhesus monkeys, and 15 of 19 african green monkeys following intravenous and intradermal inoculation of mycobacterium leprae. the experimental disease strongly resembles leprosy in humans clinically, histopathologically, and immunologically. thus, in addition to nine-banded armadillos in louisiana and texas, chimpanzees ... | 1991 | 2042709 |
| [attraction of the armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus, l.) and guinea pigs for phlebotomines in french guiana]. | during 60 night-catches of sand-flies using armadillo baited disney-traps, 7 psychodopygus species were recorded. they account for 84% of the whole catches; eight times more flies were recorded from "terra firme" forest than in the marshy shallows. p. ayrozai (barretto and coutinho) is the main species all the year long (45% to 85% of the catches); it is followed by p. squamiventris maripaensis (ready et al.). in brazil, p. ayrozai is the presumptive vector of the leishmania (v.) naiffi lainson ... | 1990 | 2085914 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis of man due to leishmania (viannia) naiffi lainson and shaw, 1989. | until recently mammalian hosts of leishmania (viannia) naiffi lainson & shaw, 1989 have been limited to armadillos, dasypus novemcinctus, in amazonian brazil. past evidence for human cutaneous leishmaniasis due to this parasite is reviewed, and a recent infection in man reported, with identification of the parasite by isoenzyme profiles and a specific monoclonal antibody. the role of some phlebotomine sandfly species as vectors is discussed. | 1990 | 2097934 |
| isolation and characterization of an environmental acid-fast organism producing diphenoloxidase activity in vivo. | water and soil samples were collected from natural habitats of the nine-banded armadillo and tested for the presence of acid-fast organisms by injection into the foot pads of experimental mice. sixteen months post inoculation an acid-fast organism was isolated from the foot pad and spleen of one of the mice. the isolate exhibited diphenoloxidase activity as determined by its ability to convert d-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine to the corresponding quinone. the same organisms grown in vitro lacked det ... | 1990 | 2118868 |
| trypanosomes of the subgenus megatrypanum from armadillos (xenarthra:dasypodidae). | a new species of trypanosome, trypanosoma (megatrypanum) peba, is described from the peripheral blood of the armadillo euphractus sexcinctus setosus from bahia state, brazil. ten out of 29 specimens of the armadillo dasypus novemcinctus from pará state were found to have trypanosomes, including epimastigote forms, in impression smears of subcutaneous lymph nodes. the trypanosomes from d. novemcinctus are illustrated and were identified as belonging to the subgenus megatrypanum on the basis of th ... | 2006 | 2152192 |
| antibodies to the phenolic glycolipid-1 antigen for epidemiologic investigations of enzootic leprosy in armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus). | other than man, nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) are the only known natural hosts of leprosy with high rates of disease. the origin, range and risk of their infection is not yet clear and a better description of the rate of leprosy over the armadillo's range is needed. both histopathological examination of armadillo ear tissues and serologic screening for igm antibodies to the phenolic glycolipid-1 (pgl-1) antigen of mycobacterium leprae are good relative indices of enzootic prevale ... | 1990 | 2181221 |
| ocular leprosy in nine-banded armadillos following intrastromal inoculation. | leprosy shows a higher percentage of ocular involvement than any other systemic infection. in humans, the cornea is the first ocular tissue affected. our previous studies in armadillos with naturally acquired and experimental disseminated leprosy showed that 44% had corneal infection. mycobacterium leprae is found in armadillo burrows in louisiana, u.s.a., and ocular abrasions may be the portal of entry for these organisms in wild armadillos. to test the cornea as a route of infection, we inject ... | 1990 | 2205689 |
| early infection with m. leprae and antibodies to phenolic glycolipid-i in the nine-banded armadillo. | nine-banded armadillos were intravenously infected with 10(9) m. leprae. igm antibodies to pgl-i were evaluated three times during the six months before and every two months after the infection. a thorough autopsy examination was done on animals that died or were sacrificed at intervals of 3, 4, 6, 12, 15 and 18 months after the infection. three animals which had acquired the infection in the wild and one experimentally infected animal showed significant increases in antibody levels correspondin ... | 1990 | 2212734 |
| the evolution of antibody response in armadillos inoculated with mycobacterium leprae. | plasma from 30 armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) was collected prior to inoculation and at approximately 3-month intervals for a period of 1-3 years. these animals were inoculated intravenously with 6.1 x 10(8) +/- 2 x 10(8) (x +/- sd) armadillo-derived mycobacterium leprae. these samples were analysed for antibodies of igm and igg class to phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) and to sonicated m. leprae components using elisa and immunoblotting techniques, respectively. we had previously observed among ... | 1990 | 2215054 |
| survey for leprosy in nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) from the southeastern united states. | ears from 853 nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) from alabama, arkansas, florida, georgia and mississippi were examined microscopically for evidence of leprosy. all were negative for both acid-fast bacteria (mycobacterium leprae) and lesions compatible with leprosy. | 1990 | 2406467 |
| partial nucleotide sequence of 16s ribosomal rna isolated from armadillo-grown mycobacterium leprae. | ribosomal rna (rrna) was isolated from mycobacterium leprae recovered from infected tissue of the nine-banded armadillo, and nucleotide sequences near the 3' end of the 16s species were determined by primer extension in the presence of dideoxynucleotides. previously published data for bacterial 16s rrnas show a pattern of conserved and non-conserved sequences that fit a common secondary structure. our data for m. leprae fits this general pattern. | 1988 | 2464663 |
| naturally acquired rabies in an armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus) in texas. | the first case of rabies in an armadillo is reported. the rabies fluorescent-antibody test and mouse inoculation procedure were used to substantiate the presence of the virus. the centers for disease control authenticated our findings and was able to determine the source of infection by monoclonal antibody typing. | 1989 | 2643619 |
| intracellular parasitism of parenchymal cells by mycobacterium leprae. | the liver, skeletal muscle, and adrenal gland obtained from two nine-banded armadillos infected with mycobacterium leprae were studied using an electron microscope. m. leprae were found in varying numbers inside hepatocytes, kupffer's cells, striated muscle cells, adrenal cortical and adrenal medullary cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages. there was evidence to suggest that m. leprae were actively phagocytosed by the liver and skeletal muscle cells. the inert nature of m. leprae and its beh ... | 1989 | 2674304 |
| total calorimetry and temperature regulation in the nine-banded armadillo. | cold exposure in the nine-banded armadillo causes vigorous shivering and a rise in core temperature (tc). the increase in metabolic rate and tc depends upon exposure temperature, but may be as much as six times and 3 degrees c respectively (johansen 1961). these findings might indicate an insensitivity to tc, which is puzzling since internal temperature is thought to be the primary and regulated variable. it is suggested that positive feedback may play a role in temperature regulation in these a ... | 1989 | 2735201 |
| the primary structure of pale-throated three-toed sloth (bradypus tridactylus, xenarthra) hemoglobin. | the hemoglobin of the pale-throated three-toed sloth (bradypus tridactylus, xenarthra) was separated into two components (ratio 4:1) with identical amino-acid analyses for the alpha- and beta-chains. the primary structures of both chains from the major component are given. they could be isolated by chromatography on carboxymethyl cellulose cm-52. the sequences have been determined by automatic edman degradation of the native chains and their tryptic peptides. the comparison with human hemoglobin ... | 1989 | 2757790 |
| plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase values for the common long-nosed armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus. | plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activities were determined for 40 free-living and 12 captive common long-nosed armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) in order to establish normal values for monitoring pesticide exposure. plasma cholinesterase activity ranged from 105 to 549 u/liter with no sexual or seasonal differences. plasma values from captive animals were significantly lower than those from wild armadillos. erythrocyte cholinesterase activity ranged from 2,915 to 15,126 u/liter with no dif ... | 2009 | 2761009 |
| epithalamus of the nine-banded armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus. | the epithalamus of embryonic, neonatal and adult nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus) was examined for evidence of pineal-like tissue. the evagination of the diencephalic roof (the anlage of the epiphysis) was not found in any embryonic specimens. in the adult brain, the epithalamus is dominated by the sub-commissural organ (sco) which is surrounded entirely by the posterior commissure. at the most caudal aspect of the sco, previous investigators have observed pineal-like tissue. using p ... | 1986 | 2878777 |
| leishmania (viannia) naiffi sp. n., a parasite of the armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus (l.) in amazonian brazil. | a new leishmanial parasite, leishmania (viannia) naiffi sp. n., is described from the nine-banded armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus (edentata: dasypodidae), from para state, north brazil. the parasite grows luxuriantly in diffco blood-agar medium (b47), but poorly in the skin of intradermally inoculated hamsters. a comparison of isoenzyme profiles by starch gel electrophoresis separates the parasite from l. (v) braziliensis and l. (v.) guyanensis by the enzymes asat, alat, pgm, gpi, g6pd, pep, mpi ... | 1989 | 2930120 |
| leprosy in six isolated residents of northern louisiana. time-clustered cases in an essentially nonendemic area. | northern louisiana has been essentially free of indigenous leprosy, and now it is not. six new cases of leprosy have been diagnosed: three in 1986, the other three in 1985, 1983, and 1982, respectively. the patients had been lifelong residents of six scattered rural parishes. leprosy had never been reported from five of them. no patient had had contact with human leprosy. the patients were white; four were women; the mean +/- sd age at onset was 60.3 +/- 16.4 years (age range, 31 to 80 years); a ... | 1988 | 3046539 |
| leprosy as a zoonosis: an update. | naturally-acquired leprosy has been reported in nine-banded armadillos captured in the southern united states, a chimpanzee from sierra leone, and in two "sooty" mangabey monkeys from nigeria. a significant prevalence of leprosy in wild armadillos establishes this animal as a reservoir of m. leprae, and exposure to armadillos has been implicated as a source of leprosy in humans. current evidence suggests that leprosy is a zoonosis in certain nonhuman primate species. control and eradication prog ... | 1988 | 3051854 |
| [mycobacteria isolated from armadillos dasypus novemcinctus inoculated with mycobacterium leprae]. | the authors report the isolation of two mycobacteria from armadillos livers and spleens, inoculated with mycobacterium leprae in the kato medium. they discuss this results. | 1988 | 3079304 |
| experimental infection of the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus) with schistosoma mansoni (kenyan strain). | eleven wild-caught nine-banded armadillos were infected with cercariae of the kenyan strain of schistosoma mansoni for 1-25 weeks. distribution of eggs along and within the gut and liver was similar to that seen in human schistosomiasis. however, egg excretion was poor, eggs were small, rate of infection was low, and the prepatent period was long. from these data it is concluded that dasypus novemcinctus is an inefficient reservoir host of s. mansoni. | 1988 | 3152778 |
| [morphologic characteristics of leproma cell cultures from humans and experimental animals and the effect on them of antileprotic preparations]. | leproma pieces obtained from leprosy patients and m. leprae-infected animals were cultivated by the method of primary explantation. it is noted that the development of a monolayer from macrophages overloaded with m. leprae is a characteristic common to the lepromas of various origin. antileprosy activity of the drugs under study was assessed by the rate of decrease in mycobacterial load of macrophages. species features of cultivated lepromas from man, nine-banded armadillo and mouse are characte ... | 1988 | 3207885 |
| corneal changes in nine-banded armadillos with leprosy. | leprosy is the third leading cause of blindness worldwide; however, little is known about the ocular changes that occur during the disease process. we have studied the eyes of two nine-banded armadillos with experimental mycobacterium leprae infection by light and electron microscopy. both animals had been inoculated intracutaneously, one 5 years and the other 2 years previously. light microscopy revealed invasion by acid-fast bacilli which were seen in keratocytes and mononuclear phagocytes in ... | 1988 | 3275592 |
| surveillance for naturally acquired leprosy in a nine-banded armadillo population. | samples from 77 nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) inhabiting a 16.7 km portion of the east atchafalaya river levee, point coupee parish, louisiana, were serologically tested and/or histopathologically examined for evidence of naturally acquired leprosy. five of 67 (7.5%) armadillos tested sero-positive with elisa test for igm class antibodies to the phenolic-glycolipid-1 antigen of mycobacterium leprae. one of 74 (1.3%) was histopathologically positive as determined by presence of ac ... | 1987 | 3295310 |
| beta-lactamase synthesis in mycobacterium leprae. | beta-lactam antibiotics are not active against mycobacterium leprae. the enzyme beta-lactamase mediates the most common form of bacterial resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins. cell-free extracts of purified suspensions of m. leprae were examined for beta-lactamase. the bacteria were prepared from the tissues of experimentally-infected nine-banded armadillos. most of the suspensions were inactive. however, the bacteria obtained from the tissues of armadillos treated with penicillin g benz ... | 1987 | 3295489 |
| ability of the phenolic glycolipid-i antigen of m. leprae to elicit a positive mitsuda response in the armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). | three lepromin-positive armadillos and three lepromin-negative armadillos were tested intradermally with 100 micrograms of phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) in 0.1 ml of normal saline. positive delayed-hypersensitivity granulomas at 21 days in the lepromin-positive animals and negative responses in the lepromin-negative animals were obtained. these observations suggest that purified pgl-i is capable of eliciting cell-mediated immune or delayed-hypersensitivity responses in animals sensitized to myco ... | 1987 | 3298476 |
| environmental nonhuman sources of leprosy. | leprosy has been considered to occur only after exposure to a human case. however, evidence has been accumulating that this conventional view is wrong and that an environmental nonhuman source is critical to some human infections with mycobacterium leprae. observations, some of which date back to the nineteenth century, support soil, vegetation, water, arthropods, and armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) as environmental sources of leprosy. disparate clinical, epidemiologic, and microbiologic evide ... | 1987 | 3299637 |
| lepromatous meningoencephalitis in the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). | the brains from 10 nine-banded armadillos with lepromatous leprosy were studied histopathologically. all of them showed evidence of lepromatous meningitis. in two there was invasion by mycobacterium leprae into the brain tissue, with neuronal cells and glial cells containing intracellular bacilli. to our knowledge, this is the first report of meningoencephalitis in a lepromatous nine-banded armadillo. | 1988 | 3411167 |
| a simple technique for sampling blood from fully conscious nine-banded armadillos. | 1988 | 3411928 | |
| prevalence and significance of positive mitsuda reaction in the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). | one hundred two armadillos captured from the wild were lepomin tested. nine of them (8.8%) showed a positive mitsuda reaction. the histopathological appearance of the reaction had a spectrum showing tuberculoid, borderline tuberculoid, borderline lepromatous, and lepromatous histology. it is possible that armadillos can develop all the different types of leprosy seen in humans. the armadillo is a good animal model to test protective vaccines against leprosy. | 1987 | 3430003 |
| a mexican armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus) colony for leprosy research. | 1987 | 3430004 | |
| our experiences with breeding of nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) in captivity. | the nine-banded armadillo is considered the best animal model in the study of leprosy. armadillos have never been successfully bred in the laboratory and therefore animals required for the experiments are captured from the wild and are likely to carry many diseases including leprosy. an attempt was made to breed them in captivity. our attempt to house them in various combinations in their natural environment in the farmlands of louisiana was successful. although a significant increase in concept ... | 2006 | 3440844 |
| evaluation of the origin of mycobacterium leprae infections in the wild armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using the phenolic glycolipid-1 (pgl-1) antigen of mycobacterium leprae and cross-reactive antisera specific for human igm was developed to detect igm antibodies to m. leprae in the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). statistical definitions for positive and negative interpretations in the elisa were developed by screening animals recently captured and experimentally inoculated with m. leprae. the elisa was shown to have high sensitivity and ... | 1986 | 3518509 |
| a random survey of leprosy in wild nine-banded armadillos in louisiana. | on the basis of the finding that lepromatous granulomas were almost always seen in the ears of armadillos with disseminated leprosy, a random survey of the prevalence of the disease among wild armadillos in the state of louisiana, u.s.a., was conducted by examining histopathologically both ears of armadillos killed on the roads by automobiles. ten (2%) of the 494 animals examined had disseminated leprosy. if a killed lepromatous armadillo releases up to 10 mycobacterium leprae into the environme ... | 1986 | 3528348 |
| naturally acquired leprosy in the nine-banded armadillo: a decade of experience 1975-1985. | a decade has passed since our first report of naturally acquired leprosy in the nine-banded armadillo. our studies and those of others during this period confirm the identification of the etiologic agent as mycobacterium leprae. confirmation is based on the results of histopathologic examination and microbiologic evaluations that included attempts to culture the organism, flourescent antibody studies, mycolic acid analysis, and dna determinations demonstrating complete relatedness between the na ... | 1986 | 3534127 |
| thorns in armadillo ears and noses and their role in the transmission of leprosy. | both ears from 494 wild nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) and nose specimens from 224 animals were collected and histopathologically studied. lepromatous granulomas were present in the ear specimens of ten of 494 animals. there were thorns in the ears of 22.5% of animals, and in 36.6% of the nose specimens. in one armadillo, there was evidence to suggest that mycobacterium leprae entered the tissue through the thorn pricks. in the normal habitat of the armadillo in louisiana there ar ... | 1986 | 3535729 |
| antimycobacterial antibodies in dasypus novemcinctus infected with mycobacterium leprae and their correlation with the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase. | 1986 | 3540494 | |
| leprosy in armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) from texas. | tissue sections from 237 nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) from 51 central texas counties were examined microscopically for acid-fast bacilli and/or lesions of leprosy. neither were found. a review of the literature relative to the incidence of leprosy from armadillos in texas indicates that residents of counties along the texas gulf coast may be at risk of contracting leprosy by handling infected armadillos or their tissues. | 1987 | 3586200 |
| sudden respiratory collapse in an armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus, linn.). | 1986 | 3711713 | |
| a serologic survey for leptospires in nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus l.) in florida. | 1986 | 3735592 | |
| [enzootic paracoccidioidomycosis in armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) in the state of pará]. | 1986 | 3764301 | |
| lepromatous placentitis and intrauterine fetal infection in lepromatous nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus). | three pregnant lepromatous armadillos along with the three sets of four fetuses and their placentae were studied histopathologically. mycobacterium leprae were present in the decidual tissue, trophoblastic cells which line the chorionic villi, and in the cells that form the internal structure of the villi. acid-fast organisms were also seen in the spleens of three fetuses. congenital infection is clearly possible in leprosy in the armadillo and may also occur in humans. | 1987 | 3795871 |
| molecular analysis of dna and construction of genomic libraries of mycobacterium leprae. | molecular analysis of dna from mycobacterium leprae, "mycobacterium lufu," and mycobacterium vaccae has demonstrated that the g + c (guanine plus cytosine) contents of the dnas are 56, 61, and 65%, respectively, and that the genome sizes are 2.2 x 10(9), 3.1 x 10(9), and 3.1 x 10(9) daltons, respectively. because of the significant differences in both g + c content and genome size among m. leprae, "m. lufu," and m. vaccae dnas, these species are not related, although hybridization experiments un ... | 1985 | 3882664 |
| electron microscopic findings of transverse fission of m. leprae by freeze-etching methods. | the structures of multiplication by transverse fission found in the lepromas and livers of nude mice and nine-banded armadillos inoculated with mycobacterium leprae isolated from human lepromas, a nine-banded armadillo with naturally acquired leprosy-like disease, and a nine-banded armadillo inoculated with m. leprae isolated from the mangabey monkey with naturally acquired leprosy infection are described. the images of multiplication by transverse fission of m. leprae were almost always found i ... | 1985 | 3894540 |
| isolation of characteristic glycolipids possibly included in spherical droplets around m. leprae. | the main purpose of this work was to isolate the components in acetone soluble lipids of lepromas of the nine-banded armadillo by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), and then to examine the mass spectrometric characteristics of the two peaks (molecular weights 2000 and 1600) found by hplc. the armadillo had been inoculated with mycobacterium leprae isolated from a mangabey monkey with naturally acquired leprosy. according to the results of hplc, gas liquid chromatographic and mass spe ... | 1985 | 3900252 |
| the free lipids of mycobacterium leprae harvested from experimentally infected nine-banded armadillos. | the free lipids of a sample of mycobacterium leprae were extracted by a procedure designed to produce separate non-polar and polar fractions. the composition of these lipids was analysed semi-quantitatively by five special thin-layer chromatographic systems covering the total range of mycobacterial lipid polarities. in order of increasing polarity, the major lipids were dimycocerosates of phthiocerol a, phthiocerol b and phthiodiolone a, glycosyl phenolphthiocerol dimycocerosates and phospholipi ... | 1985 | 3903039 |
| effect of repeated lepromin testing on experimental nine-banded armadillo leprosy. | twenty-eight armadillos were lepromin tested and infected with m. leprae; 18 intravenously and 10 intradermally. the lepromin test was repeated after 3 months and at intervals of 6 months thereafter until their death or sacrifice up to 30 months. the one animal with tuberculoid lepromin was resistant and 14 of the 16 with lepromatous lepromin developed generalized disease. of the 11 with borderline lepromin, 6 developed disseminated disease and 5 were resistant. there is a definite relationship ... | 1985 | 3915005 |
| flagellate infections of brazilian sand flies (diptera: psychodidae): isolation in vitro and biochemical identification of endotrypanum and leishmania. | flagellate infections were found in 1,063 of 18,895 sand flies collected in the states of amazonas, pará, rondonia and acre, brazil. infection rates were 13.4% (species group shannoni); 7.5% (subgenus nyssomyia); 6.7% (subgenus lutzomyia series cruciata); 0.5% (genus psychodopygus) and 3.1% for other sand flies (various subgenera). leishmania braziliensis guyanensis and l. mexicana amazonensis were isolated, respectively, from the known vectors, lutzomyia umbratilis and l. flaviscutellata. singl ... | 1985 | 3938924 |
| determination of reproductive maturity in the female nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). | at 3-month intervals from birth to 27 months of age, 3 female armadillos were killed. the number and size of follicles greater than 202 micron were determined, plasma progesterone concentration was measured, and values were correlated with age. blood samples were taken monthly by femoral vein puncture and plasma was analysed by radioimmunoassay for progesterone concentration. at necropsy, both ovaries were visually inspected for a corpus luteum, weighed and then processed for routine histology. ... | 1986 | 3944786 |
| distribution of histoplasma capsulatum in amazonian wildlife. | in a survey of 296 sylvatic animals captured from virgin forests in the north-eastern and south-western amazon of brazil, histoplasma capsulatum was isolated, via the indirect hamster inoculation method, from the liver and spleen of four common opossums didelphis marsupialis and two pacas agouti paca. the infected animals did not show any clinical symptoms or histopathology. the known amazonian mammalian species with natural histoplasmosis now total five, the previously reported species being th ... | 1985 | 3990770 |
| biochemical alterations in the serum of armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) infected with mycobacterium leprae. a preliminary report. | armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) were inoculated with mycobacterium leprae isolated from lepromas taken from untreated lepromatous patients or from the spleen of an armadillo previously infected with human m. leprae. the effect of the infection on the serum levels of lactic dehydrogenase (ldh), alkaline phosphatase (alkp), glutamate-oxalacetate (got) and glutamate-pyruvate (gpt) transaminases was investigated. in general, there was a good correlation between positive evidences of infection and ... | 1985 | 4020215 |
| structure of the ellipsoid sheath in the spleen of the armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). a light and electron microscopic study. | 1970 | 4097572 | |
| investigation with tritiated thymidine of the relationship between the sex chromosomes, sex chromatin, and the drumstick in the cells of the female nine-banded armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus. | 1966 | 4163599 | |
| sleep in the armadillo dasypus novemcinctus at moderate and low ambient temperatures. | 1974 | 4213382 |