Publications

characterization of kinetoplast dna from phytomonas serpens.	the restriction enzyme digestion of kinetoplast dna from four phytomonas serpens isolates shows an overall similar band pattern. one minicircle from isolate 30t was cloned and sequenced, showing low levels of homology but the same general features and organization as described for minicircles of other trypanosomatids. extensive regions of the minicircle are composed by g and t on the h strand. these regions are very repetitive and similar to regions in a minicircle of crithidia oncopelti and to ...	1993	8389640
sequences with high propensity to form g-quartet structures in kinetoplast dna from phytomonas serpens.	naturally occurring sequences containing repetitive guanine motifs have the potential to form tetraplex dna. phytomonas serpens minicircle dna shows some regions where one strand is composed mainly of g and t (gt regions). these regions contain several stretches of contiguous guanines. an oligonucleotide was constructed with the sequence corresponding to one of these regions (phyto-gt). it was demonstrated by native gel electrophoresis and methylation protection that phyto-gt forms tetramolecula ...	1995	8538680
down-regulation of t lymphocyte activation in vitro and in vivo induced by glycoinositolphospholipids from trypanosoma cruzi. assignment of the t cell-suppressive determinant to the ceramide domain.	the major surface glycoinositolphospholipid (gipl) from trypanosoma cruzi was purified and assessed in mouse t cell function assays. purified gipls from t. cruzi strains y and g, but not from a plant trypanosomatid (phytomonas serpens), markedly blocked in vitro cd4+ and cd8+ t cell mitogenesis induced by bacterial superantigen and anti-tcr;cd3 abs. secretion of il-2, but not of il-4, bioactivity, was reduced by gipls. t. cruzi, but not p. serpens, gipl also blocked recall cellular responses to ...	1996	8543814
a giant protein associated with the anterior pole of a trypanosomatid cell body skeleton.	a megadalton protein was found to be a cytoskeleton component of the promastigote forms of the flagellate phytomonas serpens. this protein migrated on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a doublet of polypeptides with a molecular mass similar to muscle beta-connectin (titin) 2500-3000 kda. a polyclonal antibody raised against this protein reacts, by immunoblot analysis, with phytomonas serpens and two others phytomonas species. in addition, the phytomonas serpens protein ...	1996	8832208
homologues of the 24-kda flagellar ca(2+)-binding protein gene of trypanosoma cruzi are present in other members of the trypanosomatidae family.	a full-length cdna encoding the 24-kda flagellar ca(2+)-binding protein (fcabp) of the dm28c clone of trypanosoma cruzi was cloned and characterized. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with those of the fcabps of other t. cruzi strains revealed greater than 97% sequence conservation. fcabp-like genes are found in trypanosoma conorhini, trypanosoma freitasi, trypanosoma lewisi, herpetomonas megaseliae, leptomonas seymouri, and phytomonas serpens, but not in crithidia deanei, leishmania ...	1997	9225770
the replication mechanism of kinetoplast dna networks in several trypanosomatid species.	kinetoplast dna, a giant network of interlocked dna circles, replicates by an unusual mechanism. minicircles are released individually from the network by a topoisomerase ii, and then, after replication, their progeny are reattached at antipodal positions on the network periphery. studies to date have revealed two distinct variations on this model. in crithidia fasciculata the newly replicated minicircles quickly become uniformly distributed around the network periphery, whereas in trypanosoma b ...	1998	9471996
demonstration of mrna editing and localization of guide rna genes in kinetoplast-mitochondria of the plant trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens.	maxicircle molecules of kdna in several isolates of phytomonas were detected by hybridization with the 12s rrna gene probe from leishmania tarentolae. the estimated size of maxicircles is isolate-specific and varies from 27 to 36 kb. fully edited and polyadenylated mrna for kinetoplast-encoded ribosomal protein s12 (rps12) was found in the steady-state kinetoplast rna isolated from phytomonas serpens strain 1g. two minicircles (1.45 kb) from this strain were also sequenced. each minicircle conta ...	1998	9662707
purification and partial characterization of trypanosoma cruzi triosephosphate isomerase.	the enzyme triosephosphate isomerase (tpi, ec 5.3.1.1) was purified from extracts of epimastigote forms of trypanosoma cruzi. the purification steps included: hydrophobic interaction chromatography on phenyl-sepharose, cm-sepharose, and high performance liquid gel filtration chromatography. the cm-sepharose material contained two bands (27 and 25 kda) with similar isoelectric points (pi 9.3-9.5) which could be separated by gel filtration in high performance liquid chromatography. polyclonal anti ...	1998	9698898
partial kinetoplast-mitochondrial gene organization and expression in the respiratory deficient plant trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens.	in plant-dwelling trypanosomatids from the genus phytomonas, mitochondrial functions, such as cytochrome mediated respiration, atp production and krebs cycle, are missing, and cell energetics is based on the glycolysis. using blue native/tricine-sds two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis, we observed that mitochondrial respiratory complexes iii (cytochrome bc1) and iv (cytochrome c oxidase) were absent in phytomonas serpens; however, complex v (atpase) was present. a deletion of the genes ...	1999	10340485
fatty acid and sterol composition of three phytomonas species.	fatty acid and sterol analysis were performed on phytomonas serpens and phytomonas sp. grown in chemically defined and complex medium, and p. françai cultivated in complex medium. the three species of the genus phytomonas had qualitatively identical fatty acid patterns. oleic, linoleic, and linolenic were the major unsaturated fatty acids. miristic and stearic were the major saturated fatty acids. ergosterol was the only sterol isolated from phytmonas sp. and p. serpens grown in a sterol-free me ...	1999	10446013
the absence of genes for cytochrome c oxidase and reductase subunits in maxicircle kinetoplast dna of the respiration-deficient plant trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens.	by completing the sequencing of the maxicircle conserved region in the kinetoplast dna of phytomonas serpens, we showed that the genes for subunits i and ii (coi and coii) of cytochrome c oxidase in this organism were missing. we had previously shown that the genes for cytochrome c oxidase subunit iii and apocytochrome b were also missing. these deletions did not affect the structure or expression of the remaining genes. partial editing of the mrna for nadh dehydrogenase subunit 8, previously fo ...	2000	10975258
in vivo and in vitro phosphorylation and subcellular localization of trypanosomatid cytoskeletal giant proteins.	promastigote forms of phytomonas serpens, leptomonas samueli, and leishmania tarentolae express cytoskeletal giant proteins with apparent molecular masses of 3,500 kda (ps 3500), 2,500 kda (ls 2500), and 1,200 kda (lt 1200), respectively. polyclonal antibodies to lt 1200 and to ps 3500 specifically recognize similar polypeptides of the same genera of parasite. in addition to reacting with giant polypeptides of the leptomonas species, anti-ls 2500 also cross reacts with ps 3500, and with a 500-kd ...	2000	11002308
a unique surface membrane anchored purine-salvage enzyme is conserved among a group of primitive eukaryotic human pathogens.	previously, we isolated and characterized the gene encoding the 3'-nucleotidase/nuclease (ld3'nt/nu) from the human pathogen, leishmania donovani. this unique cell surface enzyme has been shown to be involved in the salvage of host-derived purines, which are essential for the survival of this important protozoan parasite. in this report, we assessed whether the 3'-nucleotidase/nuclease was conserved amongst other pathogenic leishmania and related trypanosomatid parasites. results of pulsed field ...	2001	11451370
detection of sialoglycomolecules in five plant trypanosomatids and in an insect phytophagous isolate.	the sialoglycoprotein profiles of five plant trypanosomatids (phytomonas spp.) and of one flagellate (herpetomonas sp.) isolated from the salivary gland of a phytophagous insect (phthia picta) were analyzed by western blotting using three distinct lectins (lfa, sna and maa), which recognize specifically sialic acid residues in glycoconjugates. all six flagellates presented at least one polypeptide recognized by the lectins, with the exception of phytomonas françai, which did not show any reactiv ...	2002	12204367
a putative novel nuclear-encoded subunit of the cytochrome c oxidase complex in trypanosomatids.	a relatively large nuclear-encoded polypeptide, designated trcoiv, is found in the cytochrome c oxidase (co) complex of trypanosomatids. in order to determine if this polypeptide represents a bona fide subunit of the complex, we have characterized the cdna and the gene for this polypeptide in leishmania tarentolae. its nuclear gene has no sequence similarity to mammalian coiv. the trcoiv preprotein has a long mitochondrial targeting sequence of 31 residues. the mature polypeptide cofractionates ...	2002	12467979
members of a unique histidine acid phosphatase family are conserved amongst a group of primitive eukaryotic human pathogens.	recently, we identified and characterized the genes encoding several distinct members of the histidine-acid phosphatase enzyme family from leishmania donovani, a primitive protozoan pathogen of humans. these included genes encoding the heavily phosphorylated/glycosylated, tartrate-sensitive, secretory acid phosphatases (ld sacp-1 and ld sacp-2) and the unique, tartrate-resistant, externally-oriented, surface membrane-bound acid phosphatase (ld macp) of this parasite. it had been previously sugge ...	2003	12708742
extracellular metalloproteinases in phytomonas serpens.	the detection of extracellular proteinases in phytomonas serpens, a trypanosomatid isolated from tomato fruits, is demonstrated in this paper. maximal production occurred at the end of the logarithmic phase of growth. these enzymes exhibited selective substrate utilization in sds-page, being more active with gelatin; hemoglobin and bovine serum albumin were not degraded. three proteinases were detected in sds-page-gelatin, with apparent molecular masses between 94 and 70 kda. the proteolytic act ...	2003	12795409
phytomonas serpens, a tomato parasite, shares antigens with trypanosoma cruzi that are recognized by human sera and induce protective immunity in mice.	the immune cross-reactivity between trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes chagas' disease, and phytomonas serpens, a trypanosomatid that infects tomatoes, was studied. sera from patients with chagas' disease presented a strong reactivity with p. serpens antigens by conventional serological assays such as indirect immunofluorescence (iif) and direct agglutination test (dat), confirmed after cross-absorption experiments. the results show that this protozoan is highly immunogenic and that ra ...	2003	14642311
nadh-ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity in the kinetoplasts of the plant trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens.	nadh-ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity is present in mitochondrial lysates of phytomonas serpens. rotenone at 2-10 microm inhibited the activity 50-75%, indicating that it belongs to respiratory complex i. the activity was also inhibited 50-60% in the presence of 10-30 nm atovaquone suggesting that inhibition of complex i represents a likely mechanism of the known antileishmanial activity of this drug. the complex was partially purified by chromatography on deae-sepharose cl-6b and gel-filtrati ...	2004	14727190
rotenone-sensitive mitochondrial potential in phytomonas serpens: electrophoretic ca(2+) accumulation.	phytomonas sp. are flagellated trypanosomatid plant parasites that cause diseases of economic importance in plantations of coffee, oil palm, cassava and coconuts. here we investigated ca(2+) uptake by the vanadate-insensitive compartments using permeabilized phytomonas serpens promastigotes. this uptake occurs at a rate of 1.13+/-0.23 nmol ca(2+) mg x protein(-1) min(-1). it is completely abolished by the h(+) ionophore fccp and by valinomycin and nigericin. it is also inhibited by 2 microm ruth ...	2004	15178471
protective immunity against trypanosoma cruzi provided by oral immunization with phytomonas serpens: role of nitric oxide.	we have previously demonstrated that phytomonas serpens, a tomato parasite, shares antigens with trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoa that causes chagas' disease. these antigens are recognized by human sera and induce protective immunity in balb/c mice. in the present study, inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) knockout (ko) mice and c57bl/6 mice treated with the nitric oxide inhibitor, aminoguanidine (ag, 50 mg kg(-1)) infected with t. cruzi, were used to demonstrate the role of nitric oxide (no) ...	2005	15585334
use of proteolytic enzymes as an additional tool for trypanosomatid identification.	the expression of proteolytic activities in the trypanosomatidae family was explored as a potential marker to discriminate between the morphologically indistinguishable flagellates isolated from insects and plants. we have comparatively analysed the proteolytic profiles of 19 monoxenous trypanosomatids (herpetomonas anglusteri, h. samuelpessoai, h. mariadeanei, h. roitmani, h. muscarum ingenoplastis, h. muscarum muscarum, h. megaseliae, h. dendoderi, herpetomoas sp., crithidia oncopelti, c. dean ...	2005	15700759
expressed sequence tags from the plant trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens.	we have generated 2190 expressed sequence tags (ests) from a cdna library of the plant trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens. upon processing and clustering the set of 1893 accepted sequences was reduced to 697 clusters consisting of 452 singletons and 245 contigs. functional categories were assigned based on blast searches against a database of the eukaryotic orthologous groups of proteins (kog). thirty six percent of the generated sequences showed no hits against the kog database and 39.6% present ...	2005	15869816
phytomonas serpens: cysteine peptidase inhibitors interfere with growth, ultrastructure and host adhesion.	in this study, we report the ultrastructural and growth alterations caused by cysteine peptidase inhibitors on the plant trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens. we showed that the cysteine peptidase inhibitors at 10 microm were able to arrest cellular growth as well as promote alterations in the cell morphology, including the parasites becoming short and round. additionally, iodoacetamide induced ultrastructural alterations, such as disintegration of cytoplasmic organelles, swelling of the nucleus an ...	2006	16310789
translational initiation in leishmania tarentolae and phytomonas serpens (kinetoplastida) is strongly influenced by pre-atg triplet and its 5' sequence context.	to investigate the influence of sequence context of translation initiation codon on translation efficiency in kinetoplastida, we constructed a library of expression plasmids randomized in the three nucleotides prefacing atg of a reporter gene encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp). all 64 possible combinations of pre-atg triplets were individually stably integrated into the rdna locus of leishmania tarentolae and the resulting cell lines were assessed for egfp expression. the express ...	2006	16644031
gp63-like molecules in phytomonas serpens: possible role in the insect interaction.	in this study, we demonstrated that metallopeptidase inhibitors (edta, egta, and 1,10-phenanthroline) were able to arrest phytomonas serpens growth in distinct patterns. this parasite released exclusively metallopeptidases to the extracellular environment, whereas in cellular extracts only cysteine peptidases were detected. in addition, an extracellular polypeptide of 60 kda reacted in western blotting probed with polyclonal antibody raised against gp63 of leishmania amazonensis. in the cellular ...	2006	16732452
characterization of the nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex i) in the trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens (kinetoplastida).	nadh dehydrogenase activity was characterized in the mitochondrial lysates of phytomonas serpens, a trypanosomatid flagellate parasitizing plants. two different high molecular weight nadh dehydrogenases were characterized by native page and detected by direct in-gel activity staining. the association of nadh dehydrogenase activities with two distinct multisubunit complexes was revealed in the second dimension performed under denaturing conditions. one subunit present in both complexes cross-reac ...	2007	17521330
phytomonas serpens: immunological similarities with the human trypanosomatid pathogens.	the present review provides an overview of recent discoveries concerning the immunological similarities between phytomonas serpens, a tomato parasite, and human trypanosomatid pathogens, with special emphasis on peptidases. leishmania spp. and trypanosoma cruzi express peptidases that are well-known virulence factors, named leishmanolysin and cruzipain. p. serpens synthesizes two distinct classes of proteolytic enzymes, metallo- and cysteine-type peptidases, that share common epitopes with leish ...	2007	17556002
heterogeneous production of metallo-type peptidases in parasites belonging to the family trypanosomatidae.	proteolytic enzymes play a central role in the physiology of all living organisms, participating in several metabolic pathways and in different phases of parasite-host interactions. we have identified cell-associated peptidase activities in 33 distinct flagellates, including representatives of almost all known trypanosomatid genera parasitizing insects (herpetomonas, crithidia, leishmania, trypanosoma, leptomonas, phytomonas, blastocrithidia and endotrypanum) as well as the biflagellate kinetopl ...	2008	17942292
cysteine peptidases in the tomato trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens: influence of growth conditions, similarities with cruzipain and secretion to the extracellular environment.	we have characterized the cysteine peptidase production by phytomonas serpens, a tomato trypanosomatid. the parasites were cultivated in four distinct media, since growth conditions could modulate the synthesis of bioactive molecules. the proteolytic profile has not changed qualitatively regardless the media, showing two peptidases of 38 and 40kda; however, few quantitative changes were observed including a drastic reduction (around 70%) on the 40 and 38kda peptidase activities when parasites we ...	2008	18793639
cysteine peptidases from phytomonas serpens: biochemical and immunological approaches.	phytomonas serpens, a phytoflagellate trypanosomatid, shares common antigens with trypanosoma cruzi. in the present work, we compared the hydrolytic capability of cysteine peptidases in both trypanosomatids. trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes presented a 10-fold higher efficiency in hydrolyzing the cysteine peptidase substrate z-phe-arg-amc than p. serpens promastigotes. moreover, two weak cysteine-type gelatinolytic activities were detected in p. serpens, while a strong 50-kda cysteine peptidase w ...	2009	19780820
sera of chagasic patients react with antigens from the tomato parasite phytomonas serpens.	the genus phytomonas comprises trypanosomatids that can parasitize a broad range of plant species. these flagellates can cause diseases in some plant families with a wide geographic distribution, which can result in great economic losses. we have demonstrated previously that phytomonas serpens 15t, a tomato trypanosomatid, shares antigens with trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of human chagas disease. herein, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) and mass spectrometry (ms) were used to identify ...	2010	21031268
identification, molecular and functional characterization of calmodulin gene of phytomonas serpens 15t that shares high similarity with its pathogenic counterparts trypanosoma cruzi.	in trypanosomatids, ca²+-binding proteins can affect parasite growth, differentiation and invasion. due to their importance for parasite maintenance, they become an attractive target for drug discovery and design. phytomonas serpens 15t is a non-human pathogenic trypanosomatid that expresses important protein homologs of human pathogenic trypanosomatids. in this study, the coding sequence of calmodulin, a ca²+-binding protein, of p. serpens 15t was cloned and characterized. the encoded polypepti ...	2011	21431874
differential expression of cruzipain- and gp63-like molecules in the phytoflagellate trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens induced by exogenous proteins.	phytomonas serpens synthesizes metallo- and cysteine-proteases that are related to gp63 and cruzipain, respectively, two virulence factors produced by pathogenic trypanosomatids. here, we described the cellular distribution of gp63- and cruzipain-like molecules in p. serpens through immunocytochemistry and confocal fluorescence microscopy. both proteases were detected in distinct cellular compartments, presenting co-localization in membrane domains and intracellular regions. subsequently, we sho ...	2012	22033075
horizontal gene transfer confers fermentative metabolism in the respiratory-deficient plant trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens.	among trypanosomatids, the genus phytomonas is the only one specifically adapted to infect plants. these hosts provide a particular habitat with a plentiful supply of carbohydrates. phytomonas sp. lacks a cytochrome-mediated respiratory chain and krebs cycle, and atp production relies predominantly on glycolysis. we have characterised the complete gene encoding a putative pyruvate/indolepyruvate decarboxylase (pdc/ipdc) (548 amino acids) of p. serpens, that displays high amino acid sequence simi ...	2012	22293462
aerobic kinetoplastid flagellate phytomonas does not require heme for viability.	heme is an iron-coordinated porphyrin that is universally essential as a protein cofactor for fundamental cellular processes, such as electron transport in the respiratory chain, oxidative stress response, or redox reactions in various metabolic pathways. parasitic kinetoplastid flagellates represent a rare example of organisms that depend on oxidative metabolism but are heme auxotrophs. here, we show that heme is fully dispensable for the survival of phytomonas serpens, a plant parasite. seekin ...	2012	22355128
evidence that a laminin-like insect protein mediates early events in the interaction of a phytoparasite with its vector's salivary gland.	phytomonas species are plant parasites of the family trypanosomatidae, which are transmitted by phytophagous insects. some phytomonas species cause major agricultural damages. the hemipteran oncopeltus fasciatus is natural and experimental host for several species of trypanosomatids, including phytomonas spp. the invasion of the insect vectors' salivary glands is one of the most important events for the life cycle of phytomonas species. in the present study, we show the binding of phytomonas ser ...	2012	23118944
oral exposure to phytomonas serpens attenuates thrombocytopenia and leukopenia during acute infection with trypanosoma cruzi.	mice infected with trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of chagas disease, rapidly develop anemia and thrombocytopenia. these effects are partially promoted by the parasite trans-sialidase (ts), which is shed in the blood and depletes sialic acid from the platelets, inducing accelerated platelet clearance and causing thrombocytopenia during the acute phase of disease. here, we demonstrate that oral immunization of c57bl/6 mice with phytomonas serpens, a phytoflagellate parasite that shares common antige ...	2013	23844182
actin expression in trypanosomatids (euglenozoa: kinetoplastea).	heteroxenic and monoxenic trypanosomatids were screened for the presence of actin using a mouse polyclonal antibody produced against the entire sequence of the trypanosoma cruzi actin gene, encoding a 41.9 kda protein. western blot analysis showed that this antibody reacted with a polypeptide of approximately 42 kda in the whole-cell lysates of parasites targeting mammals (t. cruzi, trypanosoma brucei and leishmania major), insects (angomonas deanei, crithidia fasciculata, herpetomonas samuelpes ...	2013	23903980
the immune response of hemocytes of the insect oncopeltus fasciatus against the flagellate phytomonas serpens.	the genus phytomonas includes parasites that are etiological agents of important plant diseases, especially in central and south america. these parasites are transmitted to plants via the bite of an infected phytophagous hemipteran. despite the economic impact of these parasites, many basic questions regarding the genus phytomonas remain unanswered, such as the mechanism by which the parasites cope with the immune response of the insect vector. in this report, using a model of systemic infection ...	2013	24015207
new insights about cross-reactive epitopes of six trypanosomatid genera revealed that crithidia and leptomonas have antigenic similarity to l. (l.) chagasi.	we investigated whether elisa using crude antigens from insect and plant trypanosomatids, which are non-pathogenic and easily cultivated in large scale, has the same positivity data as leishmania (leishmania) chagasi, the etiological agent of human visceral leishmaniasis (vl) or canine leishmaniasis (canl), or as trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of chagas disease (cd). the antigens from crithidia fasciculata, crithidia luciliae, and leptomonas seymouri showed 100% cross-reactivity with v ...	2014	24275757
comparative analysis of respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation in leishmania tarentolae, crithidia fasciculata, phytomonas serpens and procyclic stage of trypanosoma brucei.	trypanosomatids are unicellular parasites living in a wide range of host environments, which to large extent shaped their mitochondrial energy metabolism, resulting in quite large differences even among closely related flagellates. in a comparative manner, we analyzed the activities and composition of mitochondrial respiratory complexes in four species (leishmania tarentolae, crithidia fasciculata, phytomonas serpens and trypanosoma brucei), which represent the main model trypanosomatids. moreov ...	2014	24556248
auxin production by the plant trypanosomatid phytomonas serpens and auxin homoeostasis in infected tomato fruits.	previously we have characterized the complete gene encoding a pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc)/indolepyruvate decarboxylase (ipdc) of phytomonas serpens, a trypanosomatid highly abundant in tomato fruits. phylogenetic analyses indicated that the clade that contains the trypanosomatid protein behaves as a sister group of ipdcs of γ-proteobacteria. since ipdcs are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), the ability for iaa production by p. serpens was investiga ...	2014	24805281
the mitochondrial complex i of trypanosomatids--an overview of current knowledge.	the contribution of trypanosomatid mitochondrial complex i for energy transduction has long been debated. herein, we summarize current knowledge on the composition and relevance of this enzyme. bioinformatic and proteomic analyses allowed the identification of many conserved and trypanosomatid-specific subunits of nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, revealing a multifunctional enzyme capable of performing bioenergetic activities and possibly, also of functioning in fatty acid metabolism. a multimeri ...	2014	24961227
lineage-specific activities of a multipotent mitochondrion of trypanosomatid flagellates.	trypanosomatids are a very diverse group composed of monoxenous and dixenous parasites belonging to the excavate class kinetoplastea. here we studied the respiration of five monoxenous species (blechomonas ayalai, herpetomonas muscarum, h. samuelpessoai, leptomonas pyrrhocoris and sergeia podlipaevi) introduced into culture, each representing a novel yet globally distributed and/or species-rich clade, and compare them with well-studied flagellates trypanosoma brucei, phytomonas serpens, crithidi ...	2015	25557487
mechanisms of growth inhibition of phytomonas serpens by the alkaloids tomatine and tomatidine.	phytomonas serpens are flagellates in the family trypanosomatidae that parasitise the tomato plant (solanum lycopersicum l.), which results in fruits with low commercial value. the tomato glycoalkaloid tomatine and its aglycone tomatidine inhibit the growth of p. serpens in axenic cultures. tomatine, like many other saponins, induces permeabilisation of the cell membrane and a loss of cell content, including the cytosolic enzyme pyruvate kinase. in contrast, tomatidine does not cause permeabilis ...	2015	25714079
mechanisms of growth inhibition of phytomonas serpens by the alkaloids tomatine and tomatidine.	phytomonas serpens are flagellates in the family trypanosomatidae that parasitise the tomato plant (solanum lycopersicum l.), which results in fruits with low commercial value. the tomato glycoalkaloid tomatine and its aglycone tomatidine inhibit the growth of p. serpens in axenic cultures. tomatine, like many other saponins, induces permeabilisation of the cell membrane and a loss of cell content, including the cytosolic enzyme pyruvate kinase. in contrast, tomatidine does not cause permeabilis ...	2015	25742263
back to monoxeny: phytomonas nordicus descended from dixenous plant parasites.	the trypanosomatid phytomonas nordicus parasitizing the predatory bug troilus luridus was described at the twilight of the morphotype-based systematics. despite its monoxenous life cycle, this species was attributed to the dixenous genus phytomonas due to the presence of long twisted promastigotes and development of flagellates in salivary glands. however, these characteristics were considered insufficient for proving the phytomonad nature of the species and therefore its description remained vi ...	2016	26555733
a narnavirus in the trypanosomatid protist plant pathogen phytomonas serpens.	we describe here a new rna virus (psernv1) from the plant protist parasite phytomonas serpens (family trypanosomatidae, kinetoplastida, supergroup excavata). the properties of psernv1 permit assignment to the genus narnavirus (narnaviridae), the first reported from a host other than fungi or oomycetes.	2016	27469953
susceptibility of phytomonas serpens to calpain inhibitors in vitro: interference on the proliferation, ultrastructure, cysteine peptidase expression and interaction with the invertebrate host.	a pleiotropic response to the calpain inhibitor mdl28170 was detected in the tomato parasite phytomonas serpens. ultrastructural studies revealed that mdl28170 caused mitochondrial swelling, shortening of flagellum and disruption of trans golgi network. this effect was correlated to the inhibition in processing of cruzipain-like molecules, which presented an increase in expression paralleled by decreased proteolytic activity. concomitantly, a calcium-dependent cysteine peptidase was detected in ...	2016	27925020
the biochemical characterization of two phosphate transport systems in phytomonas serpens.	inorganic phosphate (pi) is an essential nutrient for all organisms because it is required for a variety of biochemical processes, such as signal transduction and the synthesis of phosphate-containing biomolecules. assays of (32)pi uptake performed in the absence or in the presence of na(+) indicated the existence of a na(+)-dependent and a na(+)-independent pi transporter in phytomonas serpens. phylogenetic analysis of two hypothetical protein sequences of phytomonas (em1) showed similarities t ...	2017	27956087