Publications

pyrophosphate-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, a new glycolytic enzyme in pineapple leaves.		1979	219853
does kinin released by pineapple stem bromelain stimulate production of prostaglandin e1-like compounds?		1977	323193
bromelian, a thiolprotease from pineapple stem, depletes high molecular weight kininogen by activation of hageman factor (factor xiii).		1979	483261
allergic reactions, including asthma, to the pineapple protease bromelain following occupational exposure.	a 58-year-old pharmaceutical worker regularly developed asthma and rhinitis when handling bromelain, a purified protease of pineapple (ananas comosus), at her work-place, where she had been employed for about 10 years. rast and prick test showed strong positive reactions to bromelain. both inhalation test with 0.03 mg bromelain and peroral challenge by ingestion of 190 g pineapple resulted in asthmatic reactions; the latter challenge was accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms. five of six work ...	1979	498486
aflatoxigenic potential of dried figs, apricots, pineapples, and raisins.	spores from 3 aflatoxigenic strains were applied to the surface of dried figs, pineapple slices, apricots, and raisins. half of the samples of each foodstuff was autoclaved (cooked) before inoculation. all 3 strains produced some toxin but not in all of the foodstuffs. no aflatoxins were found in any of the raisin cultures. the overall potential for toxin production in the dried fruit was apricot greater than fig greater than pineapple greater than raisin. among the cooked substrates, the order ...	1979	500544
neutron activation analysis of pineapple.		1977	609066
the lignin fraction of plant cell walls.	methods are discussed for determining lignin in plant cell walls. the increase in apparent lignin content that may occur as a result of artifacts produced during food preparation is also discussed. the phenolic components, including lignin, of cell walls separated from 12 vegetable, fruit, and cereal foods are determined. wheat bran, on a fresh weight basis, had a high cell wall content (48.6%) compared with the vegetables and fruit whose contents ranged from 1.0 to 6.0%. wheat bran and spinach ...	1978	707399
apparent sequence homology among leguminosae small molecular weight, cystine rich protease inhibitors and pineapple stem bromelain inhibitors.		1978	755328
homology of functionally diverse proteins.	disulphide-rich proteins of widely differing functions were aligned with the aid of their half-cystinyl residues. this led to the grouping of ribonuclease, phospholipase a, lysozyme, snake venom toxins, bee and scorpion venom peptides, and the plant proteins potatoe carboxypeptidase inhibitor, ragweed pollen allergen, mistletoe toxins and pineapple sulfhydryl protease inhibitor into one super-family of proteins. very few deletions/insertions were needed to effect alignment and probabilities were ...	1977	894736
abortifacient effect of steroids from ananas comosus and their analogues on mice.		1976	943531
purification and characterization of a proteinase from pineapple fruit, fruit bromelain fa2.	fruit bromelain fa2, the main proteinase component of the juice of pineapple fruit, has been purified and characterized. 1. efficient extraction of this enzyme from the crude material was possible using "cellulosin ap," a microbial polysaccharidase preparation containing cellulase, hemicellulase, and pectinase. the enzyme was purified mainly by successive applications of anion-exchange chromatography, yielding an apparently homogeneous protein as judged by several physical, chemical, and immunoc ...	1976	956152
letter: dissolution of phytobezoar using pineapple juice.		1976	989128
acidic cysteine protease inhibitors from pineapple stem.		1976	1012030
studies on the hydrazinolysis of glycoproteins. core structures of oligosaccharides obtained from porcine thyroglobulin and pineapple stem bromelain.	hydrazinolysis of porcine thyroglobulin glycopeptides and of pineapple stem bromelain [ec 3.4.22.4] permitted the isolation of almost intact carbohydrate chains of these glycoproteins. on the basis of permethylation analyses of the released oligosaccharides after reduction with nabh4, the core structures of unit a-type and unit b-type carbohydrate chains of porcine thyroglobulin were deduced to be manalpha1 leads to 6[manalpha1 leads to 3]manbeta1 leads to 4glcnacbeta1 leads to 4[ralpha1 leads t ...	1976	1035216
primary structural analysis of sulfhydryl protease inhibitors from pineapple stem.	pineapple stem acetone powder provides a rich source of the sulfhydryl protease bromelain and of a family of compositionally similar but chromatographically distinct polypeptide inihibtors of this enzyme. the isoinhibitors have molecular weights of 5600, and they contain five disulfide bonds and about 50 amino acids each (perlstein, s. h., and kezdy, f.j. (1973) j. supramol. struct. 1, 249-254). primary structural analysis of one of the seven inhibitor fractions (vii) revealed extensive microhet ...	1975	1112827
photosensitized inactivation of stem bromelain. oxidation of histidine, methionine, and tryptophan residues.	pineapple stem bromelain was photooxidized in the presence of methylene blue used as a sensitizer. the essential sulfhydryl group of the enzyme protein rapidly became inaccessible to react with 5,5'-dithiobis(nitrobenzoic acid), but the reactivity was readily regained to the original level upon treatment with dithiothreitol. even after such reduction, the photooxidized enzyme showed a markedly decreased hydrolytic activity on casein. spectral examination revealed that the oxidized enzyme had tyr ...	1975	1120100
characterization of the pineapple stem proteases (bromelains).		1975	1124936
mirex residues in wildlife and soils, hawaiian pineapple-growing areas--1972-74.	a monitoring program was conducted in the pineapple-growing areas of hawaii from 1972 to 1974 to survey mirex residues in sediments, soils, and aquatic and terrestrial wildlife. residues in pineapple field soils ranged from 3 to 18 ppb 9 months after mirex had been applied. no residues were found in the sediments. only 8 fish of 110 aquatic animals sampled contained mirex; these levels were low and ranged from 3 to 7 ppb. mirex residues in birds ranged from undetectable to 10 ppm; residues in ro ...	1975	1221351
studies on indian medicinal plants: part xxxii. constituents of ananas comosus (linn.) merr. leaves.		1975	1228013
influence of fruit and vegetable juices on the endogenous formation of n-nitrosoproline and n-nitrosothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in humans on controlled diets.	water, green pepper, pineapple, tomato, strawberry, carrot, and celery juices were made 46 mg/100 ml in ascorbic acid by the addition of distilled water or ascorbate. the ability of each juice to inhibit endogenous formation of n-nitrosoamino acids (naa) in humans was determined in controlled experiments. sixteen men consumed a standard diet low in nitrate and ascorbic acid for 18 consecutive days. nitrate (5.24 mmol) and l-proline (4.35 mmol) were given orally on days 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 ...	1992	1473234
characterization and structure of pineapple stem inhibitor of cysteine proteinases.	the complete amino acid sequence of the inhibitor of cysteine proteinases from pineapple stem acetone powder was determined. the inhibitor consists of 52 amino acids and is composed of two polypeptide chains (41 and 11 amino acids) linked via disulphide bonds. it differs from already known sequences in one to four amino acids. data from its amino acid sequence analysis clearly show that this inhibitor cannot be a member of the cystatin superfamily. the ki values for papain, bromelain and catheps ...	1992	1515075
effect of fabrication, sterilization and mediators--blood compatibility of polyurethanes.	the possible changes in the surface and physical properties of polyether urethane urea (peuu) implants, including their interaction with blood, due to the different preparation methods, sterilization techniques and long term storage in different environmental conditions have been investigated by conducting the studies of mechanical properties, contact angle, platelet adhesion and protein adsorption. considerable variations in the mechanical properties have been observed for the peuu grafts store ...	1992	1573556
postprandial glucose and insulin responses to various tropical fruits of equivalent carbohydrate content in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.	the plasma glucose and insulin responses were determined in 10 niddm female patients following the ingestion of tropical fruit containing 25 g of carbohydrate. the five tropical fruits were pineapple, mango, banana, durian and rambutan. blood was drawn at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min, respectively. the results showed that the glucose-response curves to mango and banana were significantly less than those to rambutan, durian and pineapple (p less than 0.05). only the glucose area after mango ingesti ...	1991	1756683
[obtainment of pineapple juice powder by foam-mat drying].	the foam-mat production and stability using pineapple juice concentrate (25, 30 and 40 degrees brix), adding a surfactants mixture and maltodextrin (de 10) as co-adjuvant, stirred in a commercial mixer, was studied. adequate foam formation conditions were as follows: concentrate of 25 degrees brix using surface active agents (sorbac 60-polisorbac 80) 0.285% surface active agent/total solids, hlb = 6, and stirring time, 7 min. the foam was dehydrated in an oven dried with a horizontal air flow ci ...	1991	1811453
[effect of non-enzymic glycosylation on reactivity in proteolysis].	the nonenzymic glucation of most proteins occurs only at epsilon-amino groups of lysine residues. hydrolysis catalyzed by bovine trypsin, porcine trypsin and pineapple bromelian were studied using native and glucated proteins as substrates. glucosylated ovalbumin, human serum albumin, gamma-globulin and myoglobin show reduced susceptibility to degradation by trypsin as compared to the nonglucated proteins, apparently by direct modification of lysine residues. trypsin cleaves at substrate arginin ...	1991	1843556
morphology of griseofulvin-resistant isolates of mongolian variant of trichophyton schoenleini.	clinical, experimental and electronmicroscopic observations, and computer-enhanced images were made on 5 patients with tinea favosa resistant to griseofulvin. the pathologic fungus was identified as the mongolian variant of trichophyton schoenleini. the results of physical examinations, routine tests of blood, urine and stool, liver and immunologic function examinations were normal in all of the 5 patients. under scanning electron microscopy, the surface of the spore showed pineapple-like form, ...	1990	2119962
on the pharmacology of bromelain: an update with special regard to animal studies on dose-dependent effects.	bromelain, a standardized complex of proteases from the pineapple plant, is absorbed unchanged from the intestine of animals at a rate of 40%; in animal experiments it was found to have primarily anti-edema, antiinflammatory, and coagulation-inhibiting effects. these effects are due to an enhancement of the serum fibrinolytic activity and inhibition of the fibrinogen synthesis, as well as a direct degradation of fibrin and fibrinogen. bromelain lowers kininogen and bradykinin serum and tissue le ...	1990	2203073
debridement of experimental full-thickness skin burns of rats with enzyme fractions derived from pineapple stem.	a limited in vivo study using 12 rats with full-thickness skin burns injuries was carried out. the animals were treated 24 h postburn with two newly discovered enzyme fractions derived from the stem of the pineapple (ananas comosus). the results indicated that even debridement of the injury could be effected rapidly (within 4 h). although the details of enzyme formulation and clinical application have yet to be established, these findings clearly suggest that two enzyme fractions from pineapple ...	1990	2257064
atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for determination of polydimethylsiloxane residues in pineapple juice: collaborative study.	an atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for determination of polydimethylsiloxane (pdms) residues in pineapple juice was collaboratively studied by 9 laboratories. pdms residues are extracted from pineapple juice with 4-methyl-2-pentanone and the extracted silicone is measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry using a nitrous oxide/acetylene flame. collaborators analyzed 5 samples including 1 blind duplicate. reproducibility relative standard deviations (rsdr) were 13.1% at 31 ppm, 6 ...	2003	2272995
determination of total sulfite in shrimp, potatoes, dried pineapple, and white wine by flow injection analysis: collaborative study.	a method for the determination of total sulfite in shrimp, potatoes, dried pineapple, and white wine by flow injection analysis (fia) was collaboratively studied by 8 laboratories. in the method, the sample solution is reacted with sodium hydroxide to liberate aldehyde-bound sulfite. the sample stream is acidified to produce so2 gas, which diffuses across a teflon membrane in the gas diffusion cell into a flowing stream of malachite green. the degree of discoloration of the malachite green is pr ...	2013	2312511
the cysteine proteinases of the pineapple plant.	the pineapple plant (ananas comosus) was shown to contain at least four distinct cysteine proteinases, which were purified by a procedure involving active-site-directed affinity chromatography. the major proteinase present in extracts of plant stem was stem bromelain, whilst fruit bromelain was the major proteinase in the fruit. two additional cysteine proteinases were detected only in the stem: these were ananain and a previously undescribed enzyme that we have called comosain. stem bromelain, ...	1990	2327970
[antimutagenic activity of vegetable and fruit extracts against in-vitro benzo(a)pyrene].	about 80% of the juices from twenty vegetables and fruits showed antimutagenic activity when tested in the presence of the mutagen and carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene using the ames' salmonella/microsome assay. in a standardized test system juices from raw celeriac, broccoli, red cabbage, carrots, green, peppers, lettuce, asparagus, apricots, red-currants, gooseberries, raspberries, and pineapple showed more than 50% inhibition. leek, kohlrabi, cucumber, zucchini, french beans, fennel leaves, rhubarb, ...	1990	2336853
serotonin content of foods: effect on urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.	using a highly specific radioenzymatic assay we determined the serotonin concentration in 80 types of foods. the following fruits had a high serotonin concentration (mean +/- sem) expressed in micrograms/g weight: plantain 30.3 +/- 7.5; pineapple 17.0 +/- 5.1; banana 15.0 +/- 2.4; kiwi fruit 5.8 +/- 0.9; plums 4.7 +/- 0.8; and tomatoes 3.2 +/- 0.6. only nuts in the walnut or hickory family had a high serotonin concentration expressed in micrograms/g weight; butternuts 398 +/- 90; black walnuts 3 ...	1985	2413754
a carbohydrate epitope expressed uniquely on the cell surface of drosophila neurons is altered in the mutant nac (neurally altered carbohydrate).	antibodies against horseradish peroxidase (anti-hrp) recognize neural specific cell surface antigens in drosophila and other insects. the nature of these antigens was investigated in drosophila and found to include a complex set of developmentally regulated proteins. their common epitope appears to be a carbohydrate that shares features with the sugar moiety of pineapple stem bromelain, a plant glycoprotein whose carbohydrate structure has been determined. a mutation was identified that eliminat ...	1988	2463162
[comparative observations of the behavior of ethephon in fruit, coffee and paprika].	after application of flordimex to soft and stone fruit for fruit abscission and acceleration of ripening obvious ethephon residues have been found. therefore, the dose rate has to be restricted to keep the maximum residue limit. the same is true for the use of flordimex for fruit abscission in apples, whereas for yield regulation residues are far below 0.05 mg/kg in apples. a typical feature of the active ingredient is the large quantity of its residues in juice and wine, which is as high as eth ...	1989	2608103
diet intake patterns of non-bengali muslim mothers during pregnancy and lactation.	an explorative study was carried out to ascertain the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding diet patterns during pregnancy and lactation among non-bengali muslim mothers. 100 consecutive mothers admitted for delivery in the obstetric ward of islamia hospital, calcutta, were selected as index cases. retrospective data from these mothers were collected about their diet patterns during pregnancy. at least 3 home visits were made for each mother after her discharge from the hospital: the 1st ...	2016	2641755
[food taboos in the northern region of brazil].	a study was carried out into alimentary taboos in two localities (são félix and murumuru) in the county of marabá, state of pará, brazil. ninety families were studied in são félix and thirty-five in murumuru. as regards the feeding taboos found, the most frequent was that prohibiting the simultaneous ingestion of milk and various types of fruit, including especially mango, orange, cashew and pineapple. the ingestion of eggs with fruit was also considered harmful as well as the eating of mammalia ...	1989	2641837
inhibitory activity of cranberry juice on adherence of type 1 and type p fimbriated escherichia coli to eucaryotic cells.	inhibition of bacterial adherence to bladder cells has been assumed to account for the beneficial action ascribed to cranberry juice and cranberry juice cocktail in the prevention of urinary tract infections (a. e. sobota, j. urol. 131:1013-1016, 1984). we have examined the effect of the cocktail and juice on the adherence of escherichia coli expressing surface lectins of defined sugar specificity to yeasts, tissue culture cells, erythrocytes, and mouse peritoneal macrophages. cranberry juice co ...	1989	2653218
[antiphlogistic effect of bromelaine following third molar removal].	a placebo-controlled double-blind study of 100 patients with impacted and/or dislocated lower wisdom teeth was conducted to examine the tolerance and antiphlogistic efficacy of bromelaine--a mixture of proteolytic enzymes from ananas comosus. treatment was started 1 day prior to third molar surgery with a daily dose of 3 x 80 mg and was continued for a total of 6 days. on the 1st day following surgery, linear measurement (distance: tragus-pogonion) showed swelling to be 7.5% lower under drug tre ...	1989	2700702
stem bromelain: amino acid sequence and implications for weak binding of cystatin.	the amino acid sequence of stem bromelain, the major cysteine proteinase from pineapple stem is described. it shows that the enzyme is a member of the papain superfamily of cysteine proteinases, but is not very closely related to any other known member of this group. the sequence shows mutation or deletion of several residues that have been conserved in cysteine proteinases examined previously, including asn-175 (papain). we suggest that some of these changes have the effect of altering the acti ...	1989	2714443
atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of tin in canned foods, using nitric acid-hydrochloric acid digestion and nitrous oxide-acetylene flame: collaborative study.	twenty-six collaborators participated in a study to evaluate an atomic absorption spectrophotometric (aas) method for the determination of tin in canned foods. the 5 foods evaluated were meat, pineapple juice, tomato paste, evaporated milk, and green beans, each spiked at 2 levels. the concentration range of tin in the samples was 10-450 micrograms/g, and each level was sent as a blind duplicate. statistical treatment of results revealed no laboratory outliers and 6 individual or replicate-total ...	1985	2985534
possible involvement of eicosanoids in the pharmacological action of bromelain.	bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme extracted from pineapple plants, was investigated for its capacity to interfere with arachidonic acid metabolism, since prostaglandins and other eicosanoids are well-known to be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. bromelain was tested for its ability to interfere with eicosanoids generation in vivo in two experimentally-induced inflammatory reactions in the rat. also antiplatelet aggregation activity of bromelain was studied in ex vivo rat plate ...	1986	3006709
antimetastatic effect of bromelain with or without its proteolytic and anticoagulant activity.	bromelain, a pineapple-derived plant product, added to c57bl/6 mice laboratory chow decreased lung metastasis of lewis lung cancer cells implanted s.c. this antimetastatic potential was demonstrated by both the active and inactive bromelain with or without proteolytic, anticoagulant properties.	1988	3182910
ananain: a novel cysteine proteinase found in pineapple stem.	a previously unknown cysteine proteinase, named ananain, has been isolated from crude commercial pineapple stem bromelain. the purification procedure involved affinity chromatography on sepharose-gly-phe-glycinaldehyde semicarbazone, and cation-exchange chromatography. the relative molecular mass of ananain was very similar to that of bromelain (25,000 and 26,000, respectively), but ananain differed greatly in specificity for hydrolysis of peptide and protein substrates. the new enzyme behaved a ...	1988	3196029
bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (ananas comosus) and its clinical application. an update.	after a short description of the uses of pineapple as folk medicine by the natives of the tropics, the more important new pharmaceutical applications of bromelain, reported between 1975 and 1978, are presented. although the exact chemical structure of all active components of bromelain is not fully determined, this substance has shown distinct pharmacological promise. its properties include: (1) interference with growth of malignant cells; (2) inhibition of platelet aggregation; (3) fibrinolytic ...	2005	3287010
enzymatic frostbite eschar debridement by bromelain.	bromelain is a plant proteinase derived from the stem of the pineapple plant that has been used successfully to debride the eschar from third-degree burn injuries. its applicability to frostbite eschar removal was extrapolated and investigated. third-degree frostbite lesions were produced on swine using supercooled air as the freezing media, and the resulting eschars were treated with a bromelain preparation. in the initial trial, no debridement other than that of the superficial layers of the e ...	1987	3307553
modulation of pulmonary metastasis (lewis lung carcinoma) by bromelain, an extract of the pineapple stem (ananas comosus)		2012	3378194
occupational exposure to 1,3-dichloropropene (telone ii) in hawaiian pineapple culture.	1,3-dichloropropene (dcp), the primary constituent of telone ii, is a subsoil fumigant that has supplanted 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (dbcp) and ethylene dibromide (edb) as primary fumigant in hawaiian pineapple culture. to determine the potential for adverse health effects, an environmental survey was done to assess worker exposures. exposures were predominantly below 1 ppm, which is the no-effect level determined with experimental animals, and the threshold limit value (tlv) recommended by th ...	2016	3452296
survey of occupational injuries on a large pineapple plantation during the harvesting season.		1987	3570760
the effects of fruit juices and fruits on the absorption of iron from a rice meal.	the effects of the chemical composition of fruit juices and fruit on the absorption of iron from a rice (oryza sativa) meal were measured in 234 parous indian women, using the erythrocyte utilization of radioactive fe method. the corrected geometric mean fe absorptions with different juices varied between 0.040 and 0.129, with the variation correlating closely with the ascorbic acid contents of the juices (rs 0.838, p less than 0.01). ascorbic acid was not the only organic acid responsible for t ...	1987	3593665
glass capillary gas chromatographic analysis of volatile components of canned philippine pineapple juice.		2013	3693491
neonatal tetanus in maputo, mozambique. part i. hospital incidence and childbirth practices.	the hospital incidence of neonatal tetanus cases in maputo, mozambique, from 1976 to 1982 is presented. after fluctuating between 173 and 254 cases/year in 1976-1978, the incidence has declined to 26 cases in 1982. the seasonal distribution of cases before the decline showed a bimodal pattern. a survey of 175 neonatal tetanus admissions in 1978-79 showed that most mothers delivered at home and many used traditional methods, including placing a variety of substances on the cord. between may 29, 1 ...	1985	3872719
inhibition of tumour growth in vitro by bromelain, an extract of the pineapple plant (ananas comosus).		1985	4095199
the composition and structure of the carbohydrate of pineapple stem bromelain.		1969	4309986
debridement of experimental skin burns of pigs with bromelain, a pineapple-stem enzyme.		1973	4355066
carboxypeptidase in commercial bromelain powder. partial purification and some properties of pineapple carboxypeptidase.		1974	4412316
[determination of sulfur dioxide in frozen peeled shrimp and dehydrated pineapple].		1974	4477508
breeding of aedes aegypti and a. simpsoni under the escarpment of the tanzanian plateau.	villages under the escarpment of the tanzanian plateau were surveyed for breeding of aedes aegypti. in some places more than 27% of the water containers outside houses harboured a. aegypti larvae, while there was practically no breeding in containers inside houses. from 2% to 10% of tree holes contained a. aegypti larvae. in places, as many as 47 a. simpsoni larvae were collected from one pineapple plant, and the total mean number of larvae per pineapple was 6.6, while the percentage of plants w ...	1972	4538907
chemical composition of mexican pineapple.		1972	4666846
comparative trial of nutrizym in chronic pancreatic insufficiency.	a cross-over trial of pancreatic replacement therapy was carried out in 12 adults with chronic pancreatic insufficiency. the standard enteric-coated preparation, pancrex v forte, was compared with nutrizym, which has an enteric-coated core of pancreatic extract and a shell of bromelains-a mixture of proteolytic enzymes derived from the stem of the pineapple.nutrizym was significantly more effective than pancrex v forte in improving fat absorption, and reduced faecal weight. protein digestion was ...	1970	4919118
pesticide and growth regulator residues in pineapple.		1971	4929326
pineapple - and -d-mannopyranosidases and their action on core glycopeptides.		1972	5030637
fractionation and some properties of the proteolytically active components of bromelains in the stem and the fruit of the pineapple plant.		1972	5073324
a study on the protective effect of bromelain, crude pineapple proteases, against adrenaline-induced pulmonary edema in rats.		1967	5300570
antifertility screening of plants. vi. effect of five indigenous plants on early pregnancy in albino rats.	the petroleum ether, alcoholic and aqueous extracts of apium graveolens linn., butea monosperma lam. kuntz., and gossypium herbaceum linn., the aqueous extract of aloe barbadensis mill.syn., and the juice of unripe fruits of ananas comosus were tested on albino rats by a method which detects any antizygotic, blastocystotoxic, antiimplantation, and early abortifacient activity. the extracts were administered for 1-7 days. the dosages for a. graveolens, b. monosperma, and g. herbaceum were 100 ...	1970	5505214
gastrointestinal response to diets containing pineapple.		1968	5742049
effect of feeding limited roughage and a comparison between loose and pelleted pineapple hay on milk production, milk constituents, and fatty acid composition of milk fat.		1966	5908799
auxin-induced ethylene formation: its relation to flowering in the pineapple.	within i day after pineapple plants are treated with naphthalene acetic acid they begin producing ethylene. it is suggested that applied auxins mimic the action of ethylene by stimulating ethylene formation, and that ethylene, not auxin, causes pineapples to flower.	1966	5937118
feeding of irradiated chicken, beef, and pineapple jam to dogs.		1966	5956876
heme proteins. vi. crystalline pineapple peroxidase b.		1966	5958216
on a minor component of proteolytic enzymes contained in the pineapple fruit.		1966	5961495
fibrinolytic and antithrombotic action of bromelain may eliminate thrombosis in heart patients.	it has been established that a bromelain plasminogen activator will produce plasmin in rat experiments. in addition the plasmin cleaves hageman factor in a way that leads to a strong release of kallikrein but a weak release of thrombin. a possible mechanism is suggested to explain how the body can maintain thrombin at a level too low to cause platelet aggregation but adequate to stimulate release of prostaglandins and enzymes for more than 24 hours from a single dose of the pineapple enzymes. si ...	1980	6256612
isolation of an effective debriding agent from the stems of pineapple plants.	the stem of the pineapple plant contains, in addition to a number of proteases, particularly bromelain, a non-proteolytic component which is responsible for the complete bridement of experimental burns by an "enzymatic dissection" between the viable native and the non-viable denatured burn tissue. with very little scraping, using a tongue depressor, all of the eschar can be removed and a bed suitable for grafting results. this "escharase" has a molecular weight of 45,000 daltons and is a trimer ...	1983	6352539
oxygen-18 incorporation into malic acid during nocturnal carbon dioxide fixation in crassulacean acid metabolism plants. a new approach to estimating in vivo carbonic anhydrase activity.	crassulacean acid metabolism (cam) plants fix carbon dioxide at night by the carboxylation of phosphoenolpyruvate. if co2 fixation is conducted with 13c18o2 , then in the absence of carbonic anhydrase, the malate formed by dark co2 fixation should also contain high levels of carbon-13 and oxygen-18. conversely, if carbonic anhydrase is present and highly active, oxygen exchange between co2 and cellular h2o will occur more rapidly than carboxylation, and the [13c] malate formed will contain littl ...	1984	6427227
tin in foods and the diet.	the diet is the main source of tin intake by man. nearly all the tin in the uk diet is associated with canned food. canned tomatoes, tomato products, pineapple, pears and similar fruits contain the highest concentrations of tin. average dietary tin intakes in the uk are about 3 mg/day and have been falling since 1976.	1984	6537352
reproductive hazards in the workplace. development of epidemiologic research.	application of the techniques of epidemiology and clinical toxicology has accelerated study of the reproductive effects of toxic chemical and physical exposures in the workplace. three examples of work in progress are included in the present communication. the first concerns 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, a known cause of male sterility, which continues to be used as a nematocide in hawaii. occupational exposures of hawaiian agricultural workers to airborne 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane are mainly i ...	1983	6648424
mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and reproductive effects of dibromochloropropane (dbcp).	dibromochloropropane (dbcp), a brominated organochlorine nematocide, has been used since the mid-1950s. its primary value was its effectiveness on perennial crops without damaging the plants. dbcp also had less acute toxicity than earlier soil fumigants such as ethylene dibromide. dbcp became widely used on citrus, grapes, peaches, pineapple, soybeans and tomatoes. in central america and israel, banana trees were treated with dbcp. by 1975, 25 million pounds were being produced in the u.s. per y ...	1983	6888412
of pillows and pineapple juice.		1981	6910343
study of lung flukes from philippines: --a preliminary report.	in this paper taxonomic study on paragonimus including their metacercariae obtained from the crabs collected from sorsogon, luzon, philippines and adult worms and ova obtained through animal feeding, with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that there may exist two or more species of lung flukes in philippines. the occurrence of semisulcospira libertina in addition to antemelania dactylus (lea) as an additional snail host is mentioned for the first time. the chromosome kar ...	1982	7100903
chemical debridement of burns: mercaptans.	experiments were conducted using non-enzymatic chemical agents (with emphasis on certain mercaptans), alone, in conjunction with enzymatic agents and/or other nonenzymatic chemicals for debridement of burns. both in vitro (rats, pigs, humans) and in vivo (rats, pigs) tests were carried out. n-acetylcysteine, penicillamine and cysteine ethyl ester in low to moderate concentrations accelerate the debriding action of bromelain (an enzymatic preparation from pineapple stems) and in higher concentrat ...	1981	7265335
gas-liquid chromatographic determination of bromacil residues.	a simple, fast, and accurate method has been developed to determine residues of bromacil (5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-t-methyluracil) herbicide. following sample extraction, filtration, and concentration, the herbicide is determined using a gas chromatograph equipped with a thermionic nitrogen/phosphorus detector. the method has been used to recover 0.04 ppm bromacil added to citrus, pineapple, soil, and water, and 0.1 ppm bromacil added to alfalfa hay.	1980	7380790
nutritional requirements and biochemical activities of pineapple pink disease bacterial strains from hawaii.	bacteria which cause pink disease of pineapple, identified on the basis of their nutritional and biochemical activities, were found to belong to three genera. these bacteria include the following species: gluconobacter oxydans, acetobacter aceti, and erwinia herbicola. several pink disease strains required one to three vitamins for growth. both g. oxydans strains 303d and 180 required biotin, nicotinic acid, and pantothenic acid for growth; e. herbicola 189 required only nicotinic acid; however, ...	1980	7436404
transit of a meal through the stomach, small intestine, and colon in normal subjects and its role in the pathogenesis of diarrhea.	a method for measuring the transit time of a meal, containing sausages, mashed potato, baked beans, and a pineapple custard dessert, through the gastrointestinal tract was evaluated in 14 healthy volunteers. gastric emptying was determined by incorporating a radioactive marker in the meal and counting over the surface of the stomach using a crystal scintillation detector. small intestinal transit time was determined by measuring breath hydrogen excretion and by estimating the radioactivity over ...	1980	7439633
kinetic comparison of peptide: n-glycosidases f and a reveals several differences in substrate specificity.	the initial velocities of hydrolysis of nineteen glycopeptides by peptide: n-glycosidase f and a were determined. substrates were prepared from bovine fetuin, hen ovalbumin, pineapple stem bromelain, bovine fibrin and taka-amylase. from these glycopeptides, several variants with regard to peptide and carbohydrate structure were prepared and derivatized with dabsyl chloride, dansyl chloride or activated resorufin. tyrosine containing glycopeptides were also used without an additional chromophore. ...	1995	7540902
primary structure, sequence-specific 1h-nmr assignments and secondary structure in solution of bromelain inhibitor vi from pineapple stem.	one of the bromelain inhibitors, isoinhibitor vi (bi-vi), was purified from pineapple stem powder and its complete amino acid sequence was determined by conventional protein sequencing. these results revealed that the protein consists of an 11-residue light chain and a 41-residue heavy chain, cross-linked to each other by disulfide bonds to form the native inhibitor of 52 residues (m(r) = 5888). the secondary structure of bi-vi was analyzed based on the sequence-specific 1h resonance assignment ...	1995	7556179
enhancement of ethylenethiourea recoveries in food analyses by addition of cysteine hydrochloride.	the effectiveness of cysteine hydrochloride (cys-hcl) as a preservative of ethylenethiourea (etu) in product matrixes and during analysis was studied. etu recoveries were adversely affected by certain product matrixes when fortified directly into the product. recoveries in 8 selected food items were 0-92% when analyzed 30 min after fortification and 0-51% when analyzed after 24 h. when cys-hcl was added to product prior to fortification, recoveries increased to 71-95% even after frozen storage f ...	2013	7580323
[latex allergy in children: description of two cases].	here we present two cases of latex hypersensitivity. the clinical manifestations were conjunctivitis, urticaria, angioedema and dermatitis. the patients presented positive skin prick test (spt) to latex with a commercial extract and by pricking through a latex surgical glove. radioallergosorbent test (rast) to latex and patch testing to common additives and to latex were negative. skin prick tests with fruits (banana, kiwi, pineapple, apricot, avocado, grape) were positive but children presented ...	2006	7610085
the influence of flavor and color on drink identification by children and adults.	this study investigated how color and flavor influences drink identification by children and adults. the children ranged in age from 2 to 18 years of age. each subject tasted four drinks that differed in color and flavor. each drink had an atypical color-flavor pairing (e.g., brown-pineapple) or a typical pairing (e.g., brown-chocolate). after tasting each drink, the subject chose which of four flavor names identified the drink. for the atypical drinks, the selection of color-associated names (e ...	1995	7621986
conformations and internal mobility of a glycopeptide derived from bromelain using molecular dynamics simulations and noesy analysis.	the conformation and internal flexibility of a glycopeptide manalpha1-6 (xylbeta1-2)manbeta1-4glcnacbeta1-4(fucalpha1-3) glcnacbeta1-n(asn-glu-ser-ser), prepared from pineapple stem bromelain, have been analyzed using a combination of molecular dynamics (md) simulations in water with noesy 1h nmr spectroscopy. theoretical noesy cross-peak intensities were calculated by the crosrel program on the basis of models, obtained from md simulations, using a full relaxation matrix approach. special atten ...	1995	7663144
effect of processing and storage on the ascorbic acid (vitamin c) content of some pineapple varieties grown in the rivers state of nigeria.	ascorbic acid contents of the juice of four different pineapples species grown in the rivers state of nigeria were determined before and after storage of whole pineapple and processing and storage of the juice for two months. ascorbic acid of the fresh juice ranged from 22.5 mg to 33.5 mg/100 g sample. after storage at room temperature (30-32 degrees c) of whole pineapple for two weeks, ascorbic acid was reduced to between 59 and 65 percent of the fresh juice. processing the juice by pasteurisat ...	1994	7716115
foodborne disease outbreak due to consumption of rancid biscuits.	a foodborne disease outbreak characterized by vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, involving mostly children was investigated. epidemiological, hospital and laboratory investigations indicated that the disease outbreak was associated with consumption of rancid biscuits abandoned in the street corner in a crowded locality of old city hyderabad. the offensive flavors of rancidity were masked by the strong pineapple flavor used in the biscuits. rancidity of the biscuits was confirmed by high pero ...	1995	7760445
polysaccharide composition of unlignified cell walls of pineapple [ananas comosus (l.) merr.] fruit.	the polysaccharides of cell walls isolated from the fleshy, edible part of the fruit of the monocotyledon pineapple [ananas comosus (l.) merr.] (family bromeliaceae) were analyzed chemically. these cell walls were derived mostly from parenchyma cells and were shown histochemically to be unlignified, but they contained ester-linked ferulic acid. the analyses indicated that the noncellulosic polysaccharide composition of the cell walls was intermediate between that of unlignified cell walls of spe ...	1995	7770529
isolation and partial characterization of basic proteinases from stem bromelain.	crude bromelain extracts from pineapple stems (ananas comosus) were fractionated by two-step fplc-cation-exchange chromatography. at least eight basic proteolytically active components were detected. the two main components f4 and f5 together with the most active proteinase fraction f9 were characterized by sds-page, mass spectroscopy, multizonal cathodal electrophoresis, partial amino acid sequence, and monosaccharide composition analysis. f9 amounts to about 2% of the total protein and has a 1 ...	1995	7779262
conformational analysis of the xylose-containing n-glycan of pineapple stem bromelain as part of the intact glycoprotein.	the conformational behavior of the n-glycan man alpha 1-6(xyl beta 1-2)man beta 1-4glcnac beta 1-4(fuc alpha 1-3)glcnac beta of stem bromelain as part of the intact glycoprotein was investigated and compared with that of the same n-glycan as part of a bromelain-derived glycopeptide. proton chemical shifts of the glycoprotein n-glycan were determined by 2d hohaha and 2d noesy measurements, making use of the glycopeptide 1h nmr data. during each 2d nmr experiment about 4% of the glycoprotein denat ...	1995	7794934
the precipitation of symptoms by common foods in children with atopic dermatitis.	atopic dermatitis (ad) is a chronic and disabling condition that has a major impact on financial and social resources of the individual and the community. its incidence is increasing dramatically, and no cure is available. pharmacological treatment is only partially effective. the evidence that diet plays a role in children with atopic dermatitis is now irrefutable. prophylactic measures can prevent or limit the development of ad, and partially restricted diets can modify the disease's course or ...	2016	7806078
measurement of 13co2 in expired air as an index of compliance to a high carbohydrate diet naturally enriched in 13c.	the aim of this study was to determine whether breath 13co2 measurements could be used to assess the compliance to a diet containing carbohydrates naturally enriched in 13c. the study was divided into two periods: period 1 (baseline of 4 days) with low 13c/12c ratio carbohydrates. period 2 (5 days) isocaloric diet with a high 13c/12c ratio (corn, cane sugar, pineapple, millet) carbohydrates. measurements were made of respiratory gas exchange by indirect calorimetry, urinary nitrogen excretion an ...	1994	7812411
pineapple cysteine endopeptidases.		1994	7845232
trypanosoma brucei, t. congolense and t. vivax infections in horses on a farm in kenya.	equines are particularly susceptible to infection with trypanosoma evansi and t. brucei, but rarely is natural t. congolense and t. vivax infection seen in horses. an outbreak of trypanosomosis occurred in a herd of horses used for patrolling the pineapple fields on the del monte farm, thika, kenya initially involving 6 horses. on subsequent screening of the entire group, t. brucei, t. congolense and t. vivax infections were detected in 16 of the 35 horses. the tests used for diagnosis included ...	1994	7941037
kiwi fruit allergy: a new birch pollen-associated food allergy.	to determine the cross-reacting antigens of kiwi fruit and other foods and pollen, we investigated 22 patients allergic to kiwi fruit: 10 with severe systemic reactions and 12 with localized symptoms confined to oral and pharyngeal mucosa (oral allergy syndrome). seven patients with birch pollen allergy who tolerated kiwi fruit were included as a control group.	1994	8027500
purification and characterization of multiple forms of the pineapple-stem-derived cysteine proteinases ananain and comosain.	a mixture of ananain (ec 3.4.22.31) and comosain purified from crude pineapple stem extract was found to contain numerous closely related enzyme forms. chromatographic separation of the major enzyme forms was achieved after treatment of the mixture with thiol-modifying reagents: reversible modification with 2-hydroxyethyl disulphide provided enzyme for kinetic studies, and irreversible alkylation with bromotrifluoroacetone or iodoacetamide gave enzyme for structural analyses by 19f-n.m.r. and el ...	1994	8053898