Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| enrichment of cadmium-mediated antibiotic-resistant bacteria in a douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii) litter microcosm. | a set of douglas-fir needle litter microcosms was amended with cadmium, acid, a combination of both, or neither. after 2 weeks of incubation, bacterial colony counts were made of litter homogenates inoculated onto agar media containing an antibiotic (streptomycin, chloromycetin, ampicillin, or gentamicin), cadmium, both, or neither. in all microcosms bacterial abundance was similar but the quality was very dissimiliar. cadmium-treated microcosms had populations enriched for cadmium and gentamici ... | 1979 | 39494 |
| differential staining of tannin in sections of epoxy-embedded plant cells. | a staining procedure is described for the light microscopic localization of ergastic tannins in epoxy sections of plant cells embedded for study by transmission electron microscopy. callus and cell suspensions of pseudotsuga menziesii and pinus taeda fixed in glutaraldehyde:acrolein and then oso4, followed by epoxy embedding, were sectioned 0.5 mum thick, stained on a glass slide with ethanolic sudan black b at 60 c as described by bronner, and then mounted in karo syrup. tannin deposits stained ... | 1976 | 60805 |
| tussockosis: reactions to douglas fir tussock moth. | an unusually heavy infestation of the tussock moth resulted in a high incidence of symptoms affecting the skin and mucous membranes of those exposed to high concentrations of particulate matter of this insect. extensive epidemiological studies proved these manifestations to be both toxic and allergic. the authors have given this condition the name, tussockosis. clinical and immunoligical studies including in vitro procedures and direct patient testing confirmed the allergenicity, as well as the ... | 1976 | 132879 |
| health hazards to timber and forestry workers from the douglas fir tussock moth. | a heavy infestation of the tussock moth caterpillar (orgyia pseudotsugata mcdonnough) in forested areas of oregon was associated with itching of the skin and eyes, nasal discharge, cough, and, at times, respiratory difficulty, personal interviews and inspection of forty-one occupationally exposed persons were supplemented by a questionnaire administered to 428 individuals, composing three groups at various degrees of risk and a control group. there was a cause and effect relationship between the ... | 1977 | 143915 |
| sensory irritation and incapacitation evoked by thermal decomposition products of polymers and comparisons with known sensory irritants. | a decrease in respiratory rate in mice during exposure to irritating airborne chemicals has been utilized as a response parameter to characterize the degree of upper respiratory tract irritation (sensory irritation) to the thermal decomposition products of various polymers. these included polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, flexible polyurethane foam, polytetrafluorethylene, a fiber glass reinforced polyester resin, and douglas fir. each of the materials was thermally decomposed in a low-mass verti ... | 1978 | 206213 |
| survival of poria weirii on paired plots in alder and conifer stands. | cubes of douglas-fir wood decayed by poria weirii (murr.) murr. were buried for 12 months on paired plots in red alder and in confier soils on the cascade head experimental forest. survival of the fungus was not significantly different in the two soils, although ph was significantly lower and nitrate content significantly higher in alder soils. even though effects on fungus survival were nil, red alder, for other reasons, might still be used to reduce damage caused by p. weirii root not on areas ... | 1975 | 241894 |
| development of methodologies to assess the relative hazards from thermal decomposition products of polymeric materials. | the physiological stress imposed upon mice due to the irritating properties of thermal decomposition products of polymeric materials was evaluated. acute lethality and histopathological evaluation were included in the study. the rankings of the polymeric materials studied from most to least hazardous was concluded to be polytetrafluoroethylene greater than polyvinyl chloride greater than douglas fir and flexible polyurethane foam greater than fiber glass reinforced polyester greater than copper ... | 1979 | 463752 |
| residues in douglas-fir needles and forest litter following and aerial application of acephate (orthene). | 1978 | 641308 | |
| tree host range and world distribution of the extomycorrhizal fungus pisolithus tinctorius. | the natural occurrence of pisolithus tinctorius has been confirmed in 33 countries of the world and in 38 states in the united states. this ectomycorrhizal fungus is found associated with various tree species in nurseries, urban areas, orchards, forests, and strip-mined spoils. experiments have proved that this fungal symbiont forms ectomycorrhizae with abies procera, betula pendula, carya illnoensis, 11 species of eucalyptus, 30 species of pinus, pseudotsuga menziesii var. meniziesii, 2 species ... | 1977 | 856419 |
| a synthesis of (z)-6-heneicosen-11-one. the sex pheromone of the douglas fir tussock moth. | 1976 | 988119 | |
| douglas-fir tussock moth: sex pheromone identification and synthesis. | the sex pheromone of the douglass-fir tussock moth orgyia pseudotsugata (mcdunnough) has been isolated and identified as (z)-6-heneicosen-11-one. this compound and its e isomer have been synthesized and are highly potent in laboratory bioassays and field trials. | 1975 | 1114342 |
| residues of trichlorfon and lauroyl trichlorfon in douglas-fir, willow, grass, aspen foliage, and in creek water after aerial application. | 1976 | 1252643 | |
| cloning and sequencing of an agrobacterium tumefaciens beta-glucosidase gene involved in modifying a vir-inducing plant signal molecule. | induction of agrobacterium tumefaciens virulence genes by plant phenolic compounds is essential for successful t-dna transfer to a host plant. in douglas fir needles, the major virulence region inducer is the glycoside coniferin (j. w. morris and r. o. morris, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 87:3612-3618, 1990). agrobacterium strains with high beta-glucosidase activity respond to coniferin and infect douglas fir seedlings, whereas most strains with low beta-glucosidase activity fail to respond to con ... | 1992 | 1537792 |
| decreased biocide susceptibility of adherent legionella pneumophila. | in a study of the in vitro effectiveness of biocides against legionella pneumophila, some aspects of the cooling tower environment were replicated in the laboratory, paying particular attention to water hardness and ph. pieces of douglas fir and polyvinyl chloride were colonized in a recirculating system and the comparative efficacy of two biocides (bronopol and kathon) against the sessile and planktonic populations was examined. while the biocides were relatively effective against the planktoni ... | 1991 | 1778846 |
| tracheal obstruction caused by tree needles in a cat. | tracheal obstruction was suspected in a 1-year-old female domestic shorthair cat. clinical signs consisted of inspiratory and expiratory dyspnea and cyanosis. the cat did not improve when treated with oxygen, epinephrine, prednisolone sodium succinate, and aminophylline. bronchoscopy revealed obstruction of the trachea and carina by a 2.5-cm twig and needles from a douglas fir tree. needles had migrated into distal airways. the cat was euthanatized at the owner's request. | 1991 | 1917661 |
| lignified materials as potential medicinal resources. iii. diversity of biological activity and possible molecular species involved. | diverse biological activities of hot-water and alkali extracts of lignified materials were reviewed and the molecular species involved are discussed. materials tested included pine cone of pinus parviflora sieb. et zucc., wood chips of slash pine, douglas fir, and tallow wood, and two basidiocarps, in addition to their partially degraded preparations and commercial lignins. as a tentative conclusion, the lignin structure of these extracts might be responsible for the potent stimulation of granul ... | 1990 | 2085883 |
| lignified materials as potential medicinal resources. ii. prevention of pathogenic bacterial infections in mice. | antibacterial activity was demonstrated when ddy mice were intraperitoneally infected with e. coli or p. aeruginosa two days after a single ip-injection of a hot-water or alkaline extract obtained from lignified materials, such as chips of slash pine, douglas fir, tallow wood, and two shelf fungi. lignified material is a promising medicinal resource for the prevention and/or treatment of pathogenic microbial infection. | 1990 | 2103363 |
| sequence of the gene for the large subunit of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from a gymnosperm, douglas fir. | 1990 | 2103468 | |
| identification of an agrobacterium tumefaciens virulence gene inducer from the pinaceous gymnosperm pseudotsuga menziesii. | inducible t-strand mobilization from the ti plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens to the genome of a plant host is mediated by the activation of a cascade of bacterial virulence genes. it is initiated when the bacterium senses the presence of a low molecular weight inducer secreted by the plant. although many hydroxyphenylpropanoid and phenolic compounds can activate the virulence cascade, the only native inducers that have been identified to date are acetosyringone and hydroxyacetosyringone. a n ... | 1990 | 2110367 |
| contemporary use of bark for medicine by two salishan native elders of southeast vancouver island, canada. | elders of the saanich and cowichan coast salish people of southern vancouver island treat, or have treated in the recent past, many ailments with bark preparations. interviews with two elder salishan women revealed that: respiratory ailments were treated with bark of abies grandis, arbutus menziesii, cornus nuttallii, prunus emarginata, pseudotsuga menziesii and quercus garryana; digestive tract ailments with the bark of abies grandis, alnus rubra, arbutus menziesii, malus fusca. oemleria cerasi ... | 1990 | 2345461 |
| dispersed repetitive sequences in the chloroplast genome of douglas-fir. | restriction mapping and dna sequencing were used to characterize dispersed repetitive dna in the chloroplast genome of douglas-fir [pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco]. to map repeat families, chloroplast dna (cpdna) clones were hybridized at high stringency to one another and to cpdna cut with restriction enzymes. repeats are clustered in four regions of the genome and comprise at least six families. sequence analysis of one repeat family shared among three xbai fragments indicated the presen ... | 1989 | 2598277 |
| a two-dimensional electrophoresis procedure for single meristems of different forest species. | high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis, with isoelectric focusing in the first dimension and electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate in thin acrylamide gels in the second dimension, has been applied to separate the proteins of single meristems (200-300 microns) from sequoiadendron giganteum, sequoia sempervirens, pseudotsuga menziesii, picea abies, pinus pinaster, eucalyptus gunnii and populus nigra. the technique may prove an efficient tool for studying inter- and intraclonal differe ... | 1989 | 2776736 |
| chloroplast genomes of two conifers lack a large inverted repeat and are extensively rearranged. | chloroplast genomes of douglas-fir [pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco] and radiata (monterey) pine [pinus radiata d. don], two conifers from the widespread pinaceae, were mapped and their genomes were compared to other land plants. douglas-fir and radiata pine lack the large (20-25 kilobases) inverted repeat that characterizes most land plants. to our knowledge, this is only the second recorded loss of this ancient and highly conserved inverted repeat among all lineages of land plants thus fa ... | 1988 | 2836862 |
| an investigation of the toxic effects of combustion products--analysis of smoke components. | a comprehensive experimental design was developed to study the effects of thermal degradation products formed by the combustion of building materials on the behavior of rats. three materials were studied. they were douglas fir, wool, and polyvinyl chloride. each material was tested under both flaming and nonflaming modes of combustion. the smoke and gases produced by each material were analyzed by specific gas detector tubes, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and infrared spectroscopy. produ ... | 1988 | 3226125 |
| cardiopulmonary responses after spontaneous inhalation of douglas fir smoke in goats. | in the majority of clinical cases, smoke inhalation results in a self-limited lung injury mostly confined to the airways. in this study, an animal model of inhalation injury was developed that reflected similar pathophysiology. cardiopulmonary parameters were studied in awake, instrumented goats following spontaneous inhalation of characterized douglas fir smoke. peak carboxyhemoglobin levels averaged 37% during a mean exposure time of 33 minutes. all animals survived the 24-hour study period, a ... | 1988 | 3346914 |
| inactivation of nuclear polyhedrosis virus (baculovirus subgroup a) by monochromatic uv radiation. | monochromatic radiation at wavelengths of 290, 300, 310, and 320 nm inactivated occluded nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the douglas-fir tussock moth, orgyia pseudotsugata (mcdunnough). data indicate that all of the wavelengths are capable of causing virus inactivation; much greater fluences are needed for virus inactivation as the wavelength increases. | 1985 | 3888111 |
| two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins for genetic studies in douglas fir (pseudotsuga menziesii). | a method of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins from douglas fir needles is described. extraction in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) and 2-mercaptoethanol followed by heating at 100 degrees c produces reliable two-dimensional gels which are convenient for genetic studies. three genotypes from different geographical origins have been compared: among 225 loci expressed, 22 display regulatory variations and 7 show allelic variations. thus it is now possible to undertake the ... | 1985 | 4015617 |
| fluorescence microscopy of douglas fir foliage epiflora. | 1973 | 4127815 | |
| poria weirii-inhibiting and other phenolic compounds in roots of red alder and douglas-fir. | 1972 | 4680398 | |
| [experiences with synthesis experiments, especially with pseudotsuga menziesii (mirbel) franco. i]. | 1969 | 4901548 | |
| [experiences by synthesis-experiments with pseudotsuga menziesii (mirbel) franco. ii]. | 1971 | 5000036 | |
| differential incorporation of acetate and glucose in maturing douglas fir seeds. | 1969 | 5367934 | |
| comparison of rumen microbial inhibition resulting from various essential oils isolated from relatively unpalatable plant species. | essential oils were isolated from eight plant species which were relatively unpalatable to sheep and deer. the inhibitory potency of these essential oils upon sheep and deer rumen microorganisms was compared, in terms of total gas and volatile fatty acid (vfa) production, by use of an anaerobic manometric technique. inhibitory effects of oils from the eight plant species may be placed in four groups: (i) essential oils from vinegar weed (trichostema lanceoletum) and california bay (umbellularia ... | 1968 | 5636470 |
| planning a surveillance program for control of the douglas-fir tussock moth in oregon. | 1968 | 5688484 | |
| a nucleopolyhedrosis virus in populations of the douglas-fir tussock moth, hemerocampa pseudotsugata, in california. | 1969 | 5777831 | |
| pesticides in water. endrin in water from treated douglas fir seed. | 1969 | 5786558 | |
| effect of various essential oils isolated from douglas fir needles upon sheep and deer rumen microbial activity. | the effects of essential oils isolated from douglas fir needles on sheep and deer rumen microbial activity were tested by use of an anaerobic manometric technique. rumen microorganisms were obtained from a sheep which had been fed mainly on alfalfa hay and dried range grass. one deer used in this study had access to douglas fir trees the year around, whereas the other deer had no access to douglas fir. all of the monoterpene hydrocarbons isolated from douglas fir needles-alpha-pinene, beta-pinen ... | 1967 | 6049303 |
| alterations in the antibacterial properties of rabbit pulmonary macrophages exposed to wood smoke. | we studied the local response of the bronchoalveolar cell population after acute exposure to smoke from pyrolysis of douglas fir wood. cell viability experiments and function of the pulmonary macrophages were assessed, including adherence to surfaces, bacterial phagocytosis, and the intracellular bactericidal process. the smoke-exposed group (n=23) when compared with control animals (n=15) produced a significantly greater total cell yield (p less than 0.01) on bronchoalveolar lavage. there was n ... | 1984 | 6422813 |
| evaluation of the pulmonary effects of wood smoke in guinea pigs by repeated co2 challenges. | male, english smooth haired guinea pigs were exposed to thermal decomposition products, i.e., smoke, generated by heating douglas fir in an open system. various amounts of douglas fir were placed in a furnace, at room temperature, and heated at a rate of 11 degrees c/min until completely decomposed. major decomposition occurred between 160 and 490 degrees c, and the animals were exposed during this time for a period of 30 min. immediately before exposure and at various times after exposure, each ... | 1984 | 6431640 |
| rabbit lung after acute smoke inhalation. cellular responses and scanning electron microscopy. | the cellular responses in the lungs of rabbits and the morphologic features of the tracheobronchial tree by scanning electron microscopy were examined 24 hours following acute inhalation of douglas fir wood smoke. thermal injury to the upper airway was excluded. injury to proximal tracheal lining cells was severe and consisted of loss of the epithelium. the changes of the epithelial barrier in the proximal major bronchi were less severe in nature. however, the alterations observed by scanning el ... | 1984 | 6743013 |
| use of pectinase to dissociate plant nuclei for squash preparations: effect of hydration procedures. | scale tissues taken from cones of pendent douglas-fir pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco were treated with pectinase to dissociate nuclei for feulgen staining. hydration of fixed tissues with water or a graded series of ethyl alcohol before pectinase treatment resulted in distention and faint staining of nuclei and inadequate disintegration of cell walls. these problems were overcome by adopting citrate buffer hydration. analysis of digitized scans of nuclei provided information about the dist ... | 1982 | 6758207 |
| effects of certain cadmium species on pure and litter populations of microorganisms. | cadmium inhibition of microorganisms was found to be bacterial and chemical species dependent. e. coli inhibition was a function of the cadmium-ion concentration irregardless of the presence of citrate, a chelator for cadmium that it could not metabolize. whereas with a pseudomonas sp. able to metabolize citrate, cadmium inhibition was a function of both the cadmium ion and the presence of citrate. with no citrate, inhibition of this organism occurred only at relatively high cadmium-ion concentr ... | 1980 | 6776892 |
| methylgloxal: enzyme distributions relative to its presence in douglas-fir needles and absence in douglas-fir needle callus. | 1981 | 7020600 | |
| ethylene production by ectomycorrhizal fungi, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pini, and by aseptically synthesized ectomycorrhizae and fusarium-infected douglas-fir roots. | the ectomycorrhizal fungi cenococcum geophilum, hebeloma crustuliniforme, and laccaria laccata produced ethylene in vitro in modified melin-norkrans liquid medium only if amended with 2.5-10mm methionine; pisolithus tinctorius failed to produce ethylene unless the cultures were renewed with fresh methionine-amended medium before ethylene assay. an additional 19 ectomycorrhizal fungi, plus five isolates of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pini, all produced ethylene in renewed and (or) nonrenewed media. ... | 1980 | 7214223 |
| effects of carbon and nitrogen supplementation on lignin and cellulose decomposition by a streptomyces. | effects of nitrogen source and concentration and organic carbon cosubstrates on lignin and cellulose degradation by streptomyces badius strain 252 were examined using 14c-labeled substrates prepared from pseudotsuga menziesii twigs. as compared with white-rot fungi, which do not degrade lignin in the absence of a readily metabolizable carbon cosubstrate, degradation of a milled-wood lignin occurred in a minimal medium, although degradation by s. badius was greatly enhanced when organic nitrogen ... | 1981 | 7296418 |
| inhibition of eukaryote signal-regulated protein kinases by plant-derived catechin-related compounds. | the cladodes of phyllocladus trichomanoides, the bark of pseudotsuga menziesii and the heartwood of acacia melanoxylon contain catechin derivatives that are potent inhibitors of rat brain protein kinase c. most of these compounds are also inhibitors of bovine heart cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit and wheat ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase. however, these compounds are either not inhibitors or are relatively poor inhibitors of avian myosin light chain kinase. the most potent ... | 1994 | 7515625 |
| a mutation hotspot in the chloroplast genome of a conifer (douglas-fir: pseudotsuga) is caused by variability in the number of direct repeats derived from a partially duplicated trna gene. | we determined the dna sequence of a 2.7-kb cpdna xbai fragment from douglas-fir [pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco]. rflps revealed by the 2.7-kb xbai clone were observed to vary up to 1 kb among species within the genus pseudotsuga and up to 200 bp among trees of p. menziesii. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) allowed the locus of polymorphism to be identified, and the variable region was then sequenced in a second douglas-fir tree, a single tree of a related species, japanese douglas-fir ... | 1995 | 7553944 |
| tandem mass spectrometry and structural elucidation of glycopeptides from a hydroxyproline-rich plant cell wall glycoprotein indicate that contiguous hydroxyproline residues are the major sites of hydroxyproline o-arabinosylation. | hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (hrgps) occur in the extracellular matrix of land plants and green algae. hrgps contain from 2 to 95% of their dry weight as carbohydrate, predominantly as oligoarabinosides and/or as heteropolysaccharides which are o-linked to the hydroxyproline residues. a glycosylation code that determines the presence or absence and extent of arabinosylation at each hydroxyproline residue is likely, as each hrgp has a unique arabinosylation profile. previously we noted a pos ... | 1995 | 7852316 |
| chloroplast dna diversity among trees, populations and species in the california closed-cone pines (pinus radiata, pinus muricata and pinus attenuata). | the amount, distribution and mutational nature of chloroplast dna polymorphisms were studied via analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms in three closely related species of conifers, the california closed-cone pines-knobcone pine: pinus attenuata lemm.; bishop pine: pinus muricata d. don; and monterey pine: pinus radiata d. don. genomic dna from 384 trees representing 19 populations were digested with 9-20 restriction enzymes and probed with cloned cpdna fragments from douglas-fir ... | 1993 | 7905846 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a legumin-like storage protein cdna of douglas fir seeds. | 1994 | 7999993 | |
| role of neutrophils and nitric oxide in lung alveolar injury from smoke inhalation. | we examined potential mechanisms responsible for the parenchymal lung injury seen in an animal model of smoke inhalation with concurrent inflammation. rats injected with sterile glycogen and exposed to smoke generated by the nonflaming pyrolysis of combined douglas fir wood and polyvinylchloride showed a 74% increase in 125i-albumin lung permeability and a fivefold increase in lung myeloperoxidase (mpo) compared with control rats. there was also a significant increase in plasma indices of oxidat ... | 1994 | 8049812 |
| comparison of the inhibitory effects of monomeric, dimeric, and trimeric procyanidins on the biochemical markers of skin tumor promotion in mouse epidermis in vivo. | several procyanidin dimers and an epicatechin trimer purified from douglas fir bark tannins were compared with their monomer components (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin for their abilities to inhibit the biochemical effects of the potent tumor promoter 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (tpa) in mouse epidermis in vivo. topical applications of the procyanidins, 15 min before the tumor promoter, inhibit tpa-induced ornithine decarboxylase (odc) activity and this inhibition increases with the de ... | 1994 | 8073090 |
| smoke inhalation with a concurrent systemic stress results in lung alveolar injury. | smoke inhalation causes injuries to lung airways, and, at times, alveolar inflammation also develops over approximately 24 h. the pathophysiology of parenchymal lung injuries is unknown, and it is often fatal. we hypothesized that an inflammatory stress remote from the smoke-related lung insult was required for development of alveolar injuries. spontaneously breathing rats were exposed, head only, to smoke generated by nonflaming pyrolysis (smoldering) of douglas fir wood (df), polyvinylchloride ... | 1994 | 8111586 |
| biosynthesis of monoterpenes: regio- and stereochemistry of (+)-3-carene biosynthesis. | incubation of [1-3h1]geraniol with stem disks of douglas fir (pseudotsuga menziesii) and incubation of [1-3h1]geranyl pyrophosphate with both a soluble enzyme extract from douglas fir and a partially purified preparation of (+)-3-carene synthase from lodgepole pine (pinus contorta) resulted in the production of (+)-3-[3h] carene. subsequent conversion of the product to car-3-en-5-one and to 4-isocaranone followed by base-catalyzed exchange of the alpha-hydrogens established that the 3h located a ... | 1993 | 8373196 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a legumin-like storage protein cdna of douglas fir seeds. | a cdna library was made from poly(a)+ rna isolated from developing douglas fir (pseudotsuga menziesii) embryo and megagametophytic tissue, and the cdna clones were identified by immunoscreening with polyclonal antiserum against the crystalloid storage protein complex of douglas fir. the nucleotide sequence of the longest cdna insert (df1) was analysed. the amino acid sequence derived from the dna sequence verified its identity as a legumin-like storage protein (pseudotsugin) and confirmed that t ... | 1993 | 8448370 |
| mitochondrial dna products among rapd profiles are frequent and strongly differentiated between races of douglas-fir. | racial differentiation and genetic variability were studied between and within the coastal, north interior, and south interior races of douglas-fir using rapd and allozyme markers. nearly half of all rapd bands scored (13: 45%) were found to be amplified from mitochondrial dna. they exhibited maternal inheritance among hybrids and backcrosses between the races, and were much more highly differentiated (gst = 0.62 for haplotype frequencies) than were allozymes (gst = 0.26). no evidence of hybridi ... | 1995 | 8574443 |
| structure and expression of a developmentally regulated cdna encoding a cysteine protease (pseudotzain) from douglas fir. | we report the complete sequence and expression of a cdna clone (pm3-3) encoding a cysteine protease (cysp) from pseudotsuga menziesii [mirb] (pm) franco (douglas fir). the sequence consists of a 5' untranslated region (utr) of 153-bp followed by an open reading frame (orf) of 1362 bp encoding a putative mature cysp flanked by n- and c-terminal propeptides. a 364-bp 3' utr contains multiple putative au-rich elements (are) that may be involved in the destabilization of transcripts. the deduced pri ... | 1996 | 8682307 |
| simulating secondary succession of elk forage values in a managed forest landscape, western washington | modern timber management practices often influence forage production for elk (cervus elaphus) on broad temporal and spatial scales in forested landscapes. we incorporated site-specific information on postharvesting forest succession and forage characteristics in a simulation model to evaluate past and future influences of forest management practices on forage values for elk in a commercially managed douglas fir (pseudotsuga menziesii, psme)-western hemlock (tsuga heterophylla, tshe) forest in we ... | 1996 | 8703108 |
| post-termination-induced and hormonally dependent expression of low-molecular-weight heat shock protein genes in douglas fir. | we have isolated and sequenced two cdna clones (pm 18.2a; pm 18.2b) from douglas fir (pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco) which encode for the low-molecular-weight heat shock proteins (lmw hsps) of 18.2 kda. the predicted amino acid sequences of the two douglas fir proteins are 97.5% identical. a phylogenetic tree of class i lmw hsps showed that the pm lmw hsps are found within a subgroup consisting exclusively of dicot species indicating that class i lmw hsps evolved from a common ancestor pr ... | 1996 | 8704123 |
| douglas-fir: a third wood-drying condensate found to exhibit in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. | the present study applies the approach described in mark et al. for the testing of toxic chemicals produced during the drying of douglas-fir. the genotoxic potential of douglas-fir condensate has been previously unexplored and is thus an area of appropriate concern to the forest products industry, regulatory, agencies, and the general public. previous research conducted in this laboratory has identified two wood-drying condensates that yield positive cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. the results ... | 1996 | 8726220 |
| douglas-fir root-associated microorganisms with inhibitory activity towards fungal plant pathogens and human bacterial pathogens. | a microbial culture collection composed of 1820 bacterial strains, including 298 actinomycete strains, was established from the roots of douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco) seedlings harvested from conifer nurseries and forest sites. two hundred and thirty-four strains inhibited the growth of fusarium, cylindrocarpon, and (or) pythium spp. in in vitro assays. a significantly greater proportion of bacterial strains from actinomycete genera exhibited antifungal properties compared w ... | 1996 | 8764683 |
| geographic distribution of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus infection in douglas-fir tussock moth larvae, orgyia pseudotsugata, in british columbia | we have examined the geographic distribution and prevalence of insect-specific viral infections in douglas-fir tussock moth populations in british columbia. nucleic acids extracted from field collected egg masses from 10 different locations in british columbia were subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis and southern blot analysis. electrophoresis of nucleic acids after digestion with rnase a at high and low ionic strengths showed that the extra bands detected in agarose gels were double-strand ... | 1996 | 8812604 |
| red oak condensate: its apparent lack of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects as compared with three other wood-drying condensates. | a major activity of the lumber industry is the kiln-drying of wood. in order to ascertain whether wood-drying condensates pose a possible environmental hazard, the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of these condensates in vitro, were tested using an assay validated using chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells and a known genotoxicant, mitomycin c. subsequently, the assay was developed for the human peripheral blood lymphocyte (hpbl) system, as it was felt that results derived from human cells would refle ... | 1995 | 8829893 |
| characterization of nuclear polyhedrosis viruses from three subspecies of lambdina fiscellaria | the eastern hemlock looper (ehl), lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria, the western hemlock looper (whl), l. fiscellaria lugubrosa, and the western oak looper (wol), l. fiscellaria somniaria, are closely related insects that are pests in canadian forests. we have used restriction endonuclease (ren) and southern blot analyses to characterize dna of nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (npvs) isolated from each of the three subspecies of l. fiscellaria. ren analysis of ehl-npv, whl-npv, and wol-npv dnas revea ... | 1997 | 9056463 |
| the isolation of a novel metallothionein-related cdna expressed in somatic and zygotic embryos of douglas-fir: regulation by aba, osmoticum, and metal ions. | to isolate genes which are expressed preferentially during embryogenesis, a douglas-fir embryogenesis cdna library was constructed and differentially screened with cdna probes made with mrna from developing and mature embryos, respectively. the cdna clone pm 2.1 was isolated based on its abundance in developing seeds and absence in mature seeds, and its predicted amino acid sequence was shown to have structural features characteristic of plant mt-like proteins. alignment of the pm 2.1 predicted ... | 1997 | 9207840 |
| visualization of golgi apparatus in methacrylate embedded conifer embryo tissue using the monoclonal antibody jim 84. | methacrylate embedding followed by resin removal has been used for the first time to visualize a membrane-associated antigen at the tissue level. monoclonal antibody jim 84 was used to stain the golgi apparatus of gymnosperm (conifer) embryos by light microscope immunocytochemistry. specificity of labelling was confirmed by electron microscope immunocytochemistry using lr-white resin. ga staining was evident in all stages of white spruce somatic embryo development from immature to mature. some r ... | 1997 | 9243805 |
| yeast adaptation on softwood prehydrolysate. | several strains and genera of yeast, including saccharomyces cerevisiae d5a, pachysolen tannophilus, s. cerevisiae k-1, brettanomyces custersii, candida shehatae, and candida acidothermophilum, are screened for growth on dilute acid-pretreated softwood prehydrolysate. selected softwood species found in forest underbrush of the western united states, which contain predominantly hexosan hemicellulose, were studied. this phase of the work emphasized debarked douglas fir. the two best initial isolat ... | 1998 | 9627379 |
| sequence and expression of embryogenesis-specific cdnas encoding 2s seed storage proteins in pseudotsuga menziesii [mirb.] franco. | differential screening of a cdna library constructed from polyadenylated rna from developing douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii [mirb.] franco) seeds resulted in the isolation of four full-length cdna clones (pm2s1, pm2s2, pm2s3 and pm2s4) encoding isoforms of 2s seed storage proteins. the deduced amino acid sequences had low similarity to the angiosperm 2s storage proteins such as 2s albumin, napin and alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor yet contained all conserved cysteines in an arrangement sugge ... | 1998 | 9715536 |
| prfll--a pinus radiata homologue of floricaula and leafy is expressed in buds containing vegetative shoot and undifferentiated male cone primordia. | in angiosperms, the formation of the flower meristem is controlled by partially redundant flower meristem identity genes of which floricaula (flo)/leafy (lfy) plays a central role. it is not known whether formation of reproductive organs of pre-angiosperm species is similarly regulated. recently, a flo/lfy-like cdna, needly (nly), has been cloned in a conifer species pinus radiata (d. don). here we report cloning of a different pinus radiata flo/lfy-like cdna, prfll. prfll had two large regions ... | 1998 | 9821691 |
| physical mapping and characterization of 5s rrna genes in douglas-fir. | douglas-fir [pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco] is one of the world's most valuable timber species and is widely used in reforestation. therefore there is considerable interest in understanding its genetic structure. in conifers approximately 75% of the genome is composed of repetitive dna. thus for conifers characterization of repetitive dna is a significant part of genome analysis. we have characterized the organization of 5s rrna genes in douglas-fir at both the molecular and chromosome le ... | 1998 | 9864860 |
| analysis of nifh gene pool complexity in soil and litter at a douglas fir forest site in the oregon cascade mountain range. | nitrogen-fixing microbial populations in a douglas fir forest on the western slope of the oregon cascade mountain range were analyzed. the complexity of the nifh gene pool (nifh is the marker gene which encodes nitrogenase reductase) was assessed by performing nested pcr with bulk dna extracted from plant litter and soil. the restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) of pcr products obtained from litter were reproducibly different than the rflps of pcr products obtained from the underlyi ... | 1999 | 9925556 |
| structure and dynamics of experimentally introduced and naturally occurring laccaria sp. discrete genotypes in a douglas fir plantation | ectomycorrhizal fungi have been introduced in forest nurseries to improve seedling growth. outplanting of inoculated seedlings to forest plantations raises the questions about inoculant persistence and its effects on indigenous fungal populations. we previously showed (m.-a. selosse et al. mol. ecol. 7:561-573, 1998) that the american strain laccaria bicolor s238n persisted 10 years after outplanting in a french douglas fir plantation, without introgression or selfing and without fruiting on uni ... | 1999 | 10223992 |
| fermentability of the hemicellulose-derived sugars from steam-exploded softwood (douglas fir) | steam explosion ofdouglas fir wood chips under low-severity conditions (log ro = 3.08 corresponding to 175 degrees c, 7.5 min, and 4.5% so2) resulted in the recovery of around 87% of the original hemicellulose component in the water-soluble stream. more than 80% of the recovered hemicellulose was in a monomeric form. as the pretreatment severity increased from 3.08 to 3.76, hemicellulose recovery dropped to 43% of the original hemicellulose found in douglas fir chips while the concentration of g ... | 1999 | 10397865 |
| characterization of a nucleopolyhedrovirus from the vapourer moth, orgyia antiqua (lepidoptera lymantriidae). | the first characterization of a nucleopolyhedrovirus (npv baculoviridae) isolated from the vapourer moth, orgyia antiqua (lepidoptera lymatriidae), in the united kingdom is presented. transmission electron microscopy revealed that the virus nucleocapsid rods were singly enveloped in the polyhedron inclusion body (pib) so that the virus is assigned to the snpv subgenus of the baculoviridae. restriction endonuclease analyses of viral dna indicated a genomic size of approximately 148 kb. restrictio ... | 1999 | 10486225 |
| morphology and stomatal function of douglas fir needles exposed to climate change: elevated co2 and temperature. | climate change may have an impact on the productivity of conifer trees by influencing the morphology (size and surface characteristics) and function (capacity for gas exchange) of conifer needles. in order to test the responses of needles to climatic variables, douglas fir (pseudotsuga menziesii [mirb.] franco), saplings were grown in sunlit controlled environment chambers at ambient or elevated (+200 parts per million above ambient) co2 and at ambient or elevated temperature (+4 degrees c above ... | 2000 | 10648202 |
| dna changes in tissues entrapped in plant resins (the precursors of amber). | there have been many reports characterizing dna from amber, which is a fossil version of plant resin. here we report an investigation of the effects of plant resin (from pseudotsuga menziesii) and drying conditions on the preservation of dna in biological tissues. we examined the degree of degradation of the dna by agarose gel electrophoresis of extracted dna, by polymerase chain reaction, and by dna sequencing. the plant resin alone appeared to cause little or no damage to dna. tissue immersed ... | 2000 | 10663137 |
| carbon and nitrogen allocation to male and female reproduction in rocky mountain douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca, pinaceae). | we measured carbon (respiration, photosynthesis, and production) and nitrogen allocation to male and female cones of rocky mountain douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) to quantify gender-specific: (1) resource allocation to reproduction, and (2) contribution to carbon costs of reproduction via photosynthesis. we also measured foliar photosynthesis and nitrogen concentration ([n]) near and far from female cones to examine the relationship between reproduction and foliar physiology. ov ... | 2000 | 10766726 |
| studies into abstract properties of individuals. iv. emergence in different aged needle primordia of douglas fir. | young, middle aged and older douglas fir needle primordia, as determined by distance from the apical meristem, were measured and analyzed to compare levels and patterns of emergence related to development time. emergence was seen in the differently aged needle primordia, generally most noticeable in the oldest and the least apparent in the youngest. there was also a negative relationship between variation in size and degree of emergence, and a positive one with variation in organization. the inc ... | 2000 | 10785317 |
| temporal and spatial distribution of the nifh gene of n(2) fixing bacteria in forests and clearcuts in western oregon. | decomposition of plant litter is a primary mechanism of nutrient recycling and redistribution in most terrestrial ecosystems. previously we demonstrated by a nested pcr protocol that 20 distinctive nifh (the gene encoding nitrogenase reductase) haeiii restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) patterns were derived from bulk dna associated with samples of plant litter and soil collected at one douglas fir (df) forest [33]. five of the nifh dna patterns (ii-vi) were dominant types in df litt ... | 2000 | 10790513 |
| steam pretreatment of douglas-fir wood chips. can conditions for optimum hemicellulose recovery still provide adequate access for efficient enzymatic hydrolysis? | douglas-fir sapwood and heartwood were impregnated with so2 and steam exploded at three severity levels, and the cellulose-rich, water-insoluble component was enzymatically hydrolyzed. the high-severity conditions resulted in near complete solubilization and some degradation of hemicelluloses and a significant improvement in the efficiency of enzymatic digestibility of the cellulose component. at lower severity, some of the hemicellulose remained unhydrolyzed, and the cellulose present in the pr ... | 2000 | 10849828 |
| discrimination and identification of coastal douglas-fir clones using needle flavonoid fingerprints. | this paper describes a method for discriminating and identifying 10 successful douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) clones using foliar flavonoids. all the 101 individuals analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography contained two proanthocyanidins: prodelphinidin and procyanidin and six flavonols: myricetin, quercetin, larycitrin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin and syringetin, but in different proportions. the experimental protocol used was very reproducible since the variation co ... | 2000 | 10856635 |
| impact of leptoglossus occidentalis (hemiptera: coreidae) on douglas-fir seed production. | we investigated the effect of feeding by the western conifer-seed bug, leptoglossus occidentalis heidemann, on seed production in developing cones of coastal douglas-fir, pseudostuga menziesii (mirb.) franco, with respect to seed bug life stage and sex (nymphs, adult females, and adult males) and timing of feeding (early, mid-, and late season cone development). feeding by females on caged cones for a 2-wk period during late season cone development reduced the proportion of full seeds in cones b ... | 2000 | 11057716 |
| regulation of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase expressed during douglas-fir germination and seedling development. | nadh-cytochrome p450 is a key enzyme that transfers electrons from nadph to the cytochrome p450 family of enzymes. to begin to determine the regulation of cpr gene expression and enzyme activity in douglas-fir a full-length cdna was isolated from a seedling lambda zap cdna library and the orf was used to develop a synthetic cpr-peptide-based antiserum. northern blot analysis indicated cpr expression was regulated both developmentally prior to seed maturation and during germination, and different ... | 2000 | 11117258 |
| characterization and expression of the douglas-fir luminal binding protein (pmbip). | the endoplasmic reticulum (er) molecular chaperone, bip, plays a role in the cotranslational translocation and subsequent folding and assembly of newly synthesized proteins targeted to the er and secretory pathway. the sequence encoding a douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii [mirb] franco) bip homologue (pmbip) was identified by differential screening of a seedling cdna library. southern blotting indicated that pmbip is most likely present as a single copy. the deduced amino acid sequence of pmbip ... | 2000 | 11219582 |
| specific biochemical marker-based techniques for the identification of damage to douglas-fir seed resulting from feeding by the western conifer seed bug, leptoglossus occidentalis heidemann (hemiptera: coreidae). | specific biochemical marker-based techniques were tested for their ability to distinguish between seeds of douglas-fir, pseudotsuga menziesii (mirbel) franco, that were filled or unfilled (aborted) at maturity and those that were damaged or emptied by the western conifer seed bug, leptoglossus occidentalis heidemann. a polyclonal antibody raised against salivary gland extracts from l. occidentalis successfully identified residual salivary proteins on western blots containing proteins from dougla ... | 2001 | 11267911 |
| relationship between carbohydrate concentration and root growth potential in coniferous seedlings from three climates during cold hardening and dehardening. | greenhouse-cultured, container-grown seedlings of aleppo pine (pinus halepensis mill.), radiata pine (pinus radiata d. don), and interior douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (beissn.) franco) were cold acclimated and deacclimated in growth chambers over 24 weeks. needle and root cold hardiness and root growth potential (rgp) were measured weekly. root, needle and stem analyses for soluble sugars and starch were performed biweekly. in all tissues, there was a close correspondence betwe ... | 2000 | 11269961 |
| effect of feeding by the western conifer seed bug, leptoglossus occidentalis, on the major storage reserves of developing seeds and on seedling vigor of douglas-fir. | the impact of feeding by the western conifer seed bug (leptoglossus occidentalis heidemann) on storage reserves of developing seeds of douglas-fir (pseudostuga menziesii (mirb.) franco) was studied by caging nymphal and adult seed bugs on cones during late-season development, and nymphs on cones during early, mid- and late-season development. analysis of the major storage reserves of partially damaged seeds revealed that late-season feeding by each life stage and feeding by nymphs at all three s ... | 2001 | 11340049 |
| characterization of proteinase activity in stratified douglas-fir seeds. | we investigated the effect of stratification on the proteinase activity involved in mobilization of the major soluble approximately 45 kda storage protein during germination of douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco) seeds. complete hydrolysis of the approximately 45 kda protein was observed approximately 7 days after exposure of stratified seeds to germination conditions. coincident with the onset of mobilization, proteinase activity was detected primarily in microsomal extracts from ... | 2001 | 11390307 |
| the genetic structures of a range of douglas-fir provenance collections after planting in different european countries, assessed with two biochemical marker systems. | genetic diversities of douglas-fir provenance trials planted on several european sites were compared using both isozyme and terpene markers. a principal coordinate analysis based on similarity coefficients calculated from isozyme data indicated that, with the exception of two populations, differences between populations were small. there were no consistent trends in the variation in allele frequencies between populations. most populations contained an excess of homozygotes, perhaps due to high s ... | 2001 | 11412951 |
| induced compression wood formation in douglas fir (pseudotsuga menziesii) in microgravity. | in the microgravity environment of the space shuttle columbia (life and microgravity mission sts-78), were grown 1-year-old douglas fir and loblolly pine plants in a nasa plant growth facility. several plants were harnessed (at 45 degrees ) to establish if compression wood biosynthesis, involving altered cellulose and lignin deposition and cell wall structure would occur under those conditions of induced mechanical stress. selected plants were harnessed at day 2 in orbit, with stem sections of s ... | 2001 | 11423136 |
| fatty acid composition of pinaceae as taxonomic markers. | following our previous review on pinus spp. seed fatty acid (fa) compositions, we recapitulate here the seed fa compositions of larix (larch), picea (spruce), and pseudotsuga (douglas fir) spp. numerous seed fa compositions not described earlier are included. approximately 40% of all picea taxa and one-third of larix taxa have been analyzed so far for their seed fa compositions. qualitatively, the seed fa compositions in the three genera studied here are the same as in pinus spp., including in p ... | 2001 | 11432455 |
| diversity and genetic structure in populations of pseudotsuga menziesii (pinaceae) at chloroplast microsatellite loci. | genetic variation was compared between uniparentally-inherited (chloroplast simple sequence repeats, cpssrs) vs. biparentally-inherited (isozyme and random amplified polymorphic dna, rapd) genetic markers in douglas-fir (pseudotsuga mensiezii) from british columbia. three-hundred twenty-three individuals from 11 populations were assayed. in douglas-fir, the cpssr primer sites were well-conserved relative to pinus thunbergii (11 of 17 loci clearly amplified), but only 3 loci were appreciably poly ... | 2001 | 11444691 |
| family differences in height growth and photosynthetic traits in three conifers. | we investigated variation in height growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and leaf stable carbon isotope ratio among wind-pollinated progenies of douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco var. glauca), ponderosa pine (pinus ponderosa dougl. ex laws.) and western white pine (pinus monticola dougl. ex d. don) from a small group of contiguous stands on the priest river experimental forest in northern idaho. photosynthetic variables differed between height classes in the pines, but ... | 2001 | 11470658 |
| decomposition and nitrogen mineralization from biosolids and other organic materials: relationship with initial chemistry. | biosolids are effective forest fertilizers. in order to facilitate their use it is important that one be able to predict the amount and rate of mineralization of nutrients, particularly nitrogen, and the relationship between substrate chemistry and n release. we examined the relationships between substrate quality and nitrogen release in a variety of organic materials. rates of decomposition and net n mineralization from four biosolids, wheat straw, paper fines, and douglas-fir [pseudotsuga menz ... | 2001 | 11476519 |
| effect of oxygen delignification on the rate and extent of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic material. | in this study, we examined the effect of oxygen delignification on the rate and extent of enzymatic hydrolysis (using commercial cellulase and beta-glucosidase) of a number of lignocellulosic substrates, including kraft pulp (model substrate), pulp mill primary clarifier sludge (pcs) and steam-exploded douglas fir chips. oxygen delignification removed up to 67% of the lignin from softwood pulp and improved the rate of, and yield from, hydrolysis by up to 111% and 174%, respectively. glucose yiel ... | 2001 | 11480919 |
| a reciprocal relationship between the genetic diversity at two metabolically-linked isozyme loci in several conifer species. | in the context of a general survey on genetic variation of isozyme-gene systems which function in the carbohydrate degradation and conversion, we detected a reciprocal relationship between genetic diversity at the hexokinase (hek-a) and phosphoglucose isomerase (pgi-b) loci in scots pine populations. further studies on norway spruce, douglas-fir and siberian stone pine revealed that this relationship appears to be a more general phenomenon in conifers such that increasing diversity at one locus ... | 2000 | 11519876 |
| effects of shade and root confinement on the expression of plagiotropic growth in juvenile-origin douglas-fir rooted cuttings. | the purpose of this experiment was to determine why juvenile-origin douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco) rooted cuttings, which remain plagiotropic (branchlike) when grown in containers in shaded glasshouses, become orthotropic (vertical) after they are transplanted to an outdoor environment. plagiotropic rooted cuttings (mean angle from vertical = 45-50 degrees) from three full-sib families were transplanted into an outdoor nursery and subjected to four treatments consisting of a ... | 1997 | 11540948 |
| time-series analysis of delta13c from tree rings. i. time trends and autocorrelation. | univariate time-series analyses were conducted on stable carbon isotope ratios obtained from tree-ring cellulose. we looked for the presence and structure of autocorrelation. significant autocorrelation violates the statistical independence assumption and biases hypothesis tests. its presence would indicate the existence of lagged physiological effects that persist for longer than the current year. we analyzed data from 28 trees (60-85 years old; mean = 73 years) of western white pine (pinus mon ... | 2001 | 11581016 |
| foliar nitrogen concentrations and natural abundance of (15)n suggest nitrogen allocation patterns of douglas-fir and mycorrhizal fungi during development in elevated carbon dioxide concentration and temperature. | pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco (douglas-fir) seedlings were grown in a 2 x 2 factorial design in enclosed mesocosms at ambient temperature or 3.5 degrees c above ambient, and at ambient co2 concentration ([co2]) or 179 ppm above ambient. two additional mesocosms were maintained as open controls. we measured the extent of mycorrhizal infection, foliar nitrogen (n) concentrations on both a weight basis (%n) and area basis (narea), and foliar delta15n signatures (15n/14n ratios) from summer 1 ... | 2001 | 11581018 |
| mechanisms of douglas-fir resistance to western spruce budworm defoliation: bud burst phenology, photosynthetic compensation and growth rate. | we compared growth rates among mature interior douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (beissn.) franco) trees showing resistance or susceptibility to defoliation caused by western spruce budworm (choristoneura occidentalis freeman), and among clones and half-sib seedling progeny of these trees in a greenhouse. we also investigated bud burst phenology and photosynthetic responses of clones to budworm defoliation in greenhouse experiments. resistant mature trees had a higher radial growth ... | 2001 | 11600338 |