Publications

influenza-a viruses in ducks in northwestern minnesota: fine scale spatial and temporal variation in prevalence and subtype diversity.	waterfowl from northwestern minnesota were sampled by cloacal swabbing for avian influenza virus (aiv) from july-october in 2007 and 2008. aiv was detected in 222 (9.1%) of 2,441 ducks in 2007 and in 438 (17.9%) of 2,452 ducks in 2008. prevalence of aiv peaked in late summer. we detected 27 aiv subtypes during 2007 and 31 during 2008. ten hemagglutinin (ha) subtypes were detected each year (i.e., h1, 3-8, and 10-12 during 2007; h1-8, 10 and 11 during 2008). all neuraminidase (na) subtypes were d ...	2011	21931636
surveillance for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in wild birds during outbreaks in domestic poultry, minnesota, 2015.	in 2015, a major outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hpaiv) infection devastated poultry facilities in minnesota, usa. to understand the potential role of wild birds, we tested 3,139 waterfowl fecal samples and 104 sick and dead birds during march 9-june 4, 2015. hpaiv was isolated from a cooper's hawk but not from waterfowl fecal samples.	2016	27064759
high rates of detection of clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza h5 viruses in wild birds in the pacific northwest during the winter of 2014-15.	in 2014, clade 2.3.4.4 h5n8 highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) viruses spread across the republic of korea and ultimately were reported in china, japan, russia, and europe. mortality associated with a reassortant hpai h5n2 virus was detected in poultry farms in western canada at the end of november. the same strain (with identical genetic structure) was then detected in free-living wild birds that had died prior to december 8, 2014, of unrelated causes in whatcom county, washington, u. s. ...	2016	27309079
case series of turkey farms from the h5n2 highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak in the united states during 2015.	between december 2014 and june 2015, an outbreak of h5n2 hpai caused the largest and most expensive agriculture emergency in u.s. department of agriculture-animal and plant health inspection service history. the outbreak affected 21 states; 232 poultry farms (211 commercial and 21 backyard) were affected, and approximately 49.6 million birds were depopulated on poultry farms. the majority of affected farms were commercial turkey operations (n = 160). this report is a case series describing 104 h ...	2016	27309289
time-space analysis of highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n2 outbreak in the us.	in early 2015, highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n2 caused outbreaks in commercial poultry farms in minnesota and neighboring states where more than 48 million birds were affected. to date, the origin and transmission pathways of hpai h5n2 have not been conclusively established.	2016	27576782
outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in minnesota in 2015.	the incursion of highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) into the united states during 2014 resulted in an unprecedented foreign animal disease (fad) event; 232 outbreaks were reported from 21 states. the disease affected 49.6 million birds and resulted in economic losses of $950 million. minnesota is the largest turkey-producing state, accounting for 18% of u.s. turkey production. areas with concentrated numbers of turkeys in minnesota were the epicenter of the outbreak. the first case was pre ...	2017	28176609
surveillance for highly pathogenic avian influenza in wild turkeys ( meleagris gallopavo ) of minnesota during 2015 outbreaks in domestic poultry.	an outbreak of a novel reassortant of highly pathogenic avian influenza a (h5n2) virus (hpaiv) decimated domestic turkeys ( meleagris gallopavo ) from march through mid-june, 2015 in the state of minnesota, usa. in response, as part of broader surveillance efforts in wild birds, we designed a pilot effort to sample and test hunter-harvested wild turkeys ( meleagris gallopavo ) for hpaiv in minnesota counties with known infected poultry facilities. we also collected opportunistic samples from dea ...	2017	28323565