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isolations of yellow fever virus from haemagogus leucocelaenus in rio grande do sul state, brazil.following howling monkey (alouatta caraya) deaths and yellow fever (yf) antigen detection by immunohistochemistry in the liver sample of a dead monkey in april and may 2001 in the municipalities of garruchos and santo antônio das missões, rio grande do sul state, brazil, epidemiological field investigations were initiated. two strains of yf virus were isolated in suckling mice from 23 haemagogus (conopostegus) leucocelaenus dyar & shannon mosquitoes collected from the study sites. the yf virus w ...200312892055
survey of alouatta caraya, the black-and-gold howler monkey, and alouatta guariba clamitans, the brown howler monkey, in a contact zone, state of rio grande do sul, brazil: evidence for hybridization.sympatry and natural hybridization between howler monkey taxa (alouatta spp.) has only recently being confirmed in the wild. surveys in areas of potential contact between the distribution of two taxa have shown that sympatry is rare, although more common than previously known. here we report the results of a survey conducted in a contact zone between the only two sexually dichromatic howler monkey taxa, alouatta caraya and a. guariba clamitans, in são francisco de assis, state of rio grande do s ...200818654738
Yellow fever outbreak affecting Alouatta populations in southern Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul State), 2008-2009.The natural transmission cycle of Yellow Fever (YF) involves tree hole breeding mosquitoes and a wide array of nonhuman primates (NHP), including monkeys and apes. Some Neotropical monkeys (howler monkeys, genus Alouatta) develop fatal YF virus (YFV) infections similar to those reported in humans, even with minimum exposure to the infection. Epizootics in wild primates may be indicating YFV circulation, and the surveillance of such outbreaks in wildlife is an important tool to help prevent human ...201222020690
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