Publications

snake venom poisoning in southern california.	the annual incidence of rattlesnake bite in southern california is approximately 1 per 75,000 population. the case fatality rate is 1.5 per cent. the snakes implicated in the greatest number of injuries are the southern pacific rattlesnake, the red diamond rattlesnake and the sidewinder. rattlesnake venom produces deleterious changes in the blood cells, defects in blood coagulation, injury to the intimal linings of vessels, damage to the heart muscle, alterations in the respiratory cycle and, to ...	1960	13744840
neutralization of venoms from two southern pacific rattlesnakes (crotalus helleri) with commercial antivenoms and endothermic animal sera.	the southern pacific rattlesnake (crotalus helleri) is found in southwestern california (usa), southward through north baja california (mx) into the northern part of southern baja california (mx). in this study, the venoms from two southern pacific rattlesnakes were characterized. the two venoms were different in color, concentration, and enzyme activities. two commercial antivenoms neutralized both c. helleri venoms differently. antivipmyn (fab2h) and crofab (fabo) neutralized both venoms but h ...	2004	15284013
mojave toxin in venom of crotalus helleri (southern pacific rattlesnake): molecular and geographic characterization.	mojave toxin (mt) was detected in five of 25 crotalus helleri (southern pacific rattlesnake) sampled using anti-mt antibodies and nucleotide sequence analysis. all of the venoms that were positive for mt were collected from mt san jacinto in riverside co., california. since this population is geographically isolated from c. scutulatus scutulatus (mojave rattlesnake), it is unlikely that this finding is due to recent hybridization. mt concentration differences between c. helleri and c. s. scutula ...	2004	15500854
california ground squirrel (spermophilus beecheyi) defenses against rattlesnake venom digestive and hemostatic toxins.	previous studies have shown that some mammals are able to neutralize venom from snake predators. california ground squirrels (spermophilus beecheyi) show variation among populations in their ability to bind venom and minimize damage from northern pacific rattlesnakes (crotalus oreganus), but the venom toxins targeted by resistance have not been investigated. four california ground squirrel populations, selected for differences in local density or type of rattlesnake predators, were assayed for t ...	2005	16273425
venom variation in hemostasis of the southern pacific rattlesnake (crotalus oreganus helleri): isolation of hellerase.	envenomations by the southern pacific rattlesnake (crotalus oreganus helleri) are the most common snakebite accidents in southern california. intraspecies venom variation may lead to unresponsiveness to antivenom therapy. even in a known species, venom toxins are recognized as diverse in conformity with interpopulational, seasonal, ontogenetic and individual factors. five venoms of individual c. oreganus helleri located in riverside and san bernardino counties of southern california were studied ...	2009	18804187