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glycaemic index of conventional carbohydrate meals.the glycaemic index (gi) and the triacylglycerol response were measured in thirty non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients given 50 g portions of five different conventional indian meals containing semolina (triticum aestivum) cooked by two different methods, or combinations of semolina and pulse (black gram dhal (phaseolus mungo), green gram dhal (phaseolus aureus) or bengal gram dhal (cicer arietum)). there were no significant differences among meals in mean gi except for meals based o ...19921445824
mysterious disease of nadia. 19665907632
survey of arsenic in food composites from an arsenic-affected area of west bengal, india.an investigation of total arsenic in food composites, collected from the villagers, was carried out in arsenic-affected areas of the murshidabad district, west bengal where the agricultural system is mostly groundwater dependent. the shallow, large-diameter tubewells installed for agricultural irrigation contain an appreciable amount of arsenic (mean 0.085 mg/l, n=6). even the soil is arsenic-contaminated (mean 11.35 mg/kg, n=36), so some arsenic can be expected in the food chain from crops cult ...200212176088
economy of fertilizer nitrogen through organic sources in rain-fed rice-legume cropping systems in west bengal, india.field experiments were conducted at a farmers" plot adjacent to the regional research station, red and laterite zone, sub-center sekhampur (birbhum district) of west bengal, india, situated 23 degrees 24' n latitude, 87 degrees 24' e longitude, to study the effect of different bio- and organic sources of nutrients instead of total fertilizer n in terms of crop productivity in the sequence and building up of soil fertility. during the wet seasons of 1997 and 1998, 12 combinations of bio- and orga ...200112805756
arsenic contamination in water, soil, sediment and rice of central india.arsenic contamination in the environment (i.e. surface, well and tube-well water, soil, sediment and rice samples) of central india (i.e. ambagarh chauki, chhattisgarh) is reported. the concentration of the total arsenic in the samples i.e. water (n = 64), soil (n = 30), sediment (n = 27) and rice grain (n = 10) were ranged from 15 to 825 microg l(-1), 9 to 390 mg kg(-1), 19 to 489 mg kg(-1) and 0.018 to 0.446 mg kg(-1), respectively. in all type of waters, the arsenic levels exceeded the permis ...200516003581
effect of systemic herbicides on n2-fixing and phosphate solubilizing microorganisms in relation to availability of nitrogen and phosphorus in paddy soils of west bengal.a field experiment has been conducted with four systemic herbicides viz., butachlor [n-(butoxymethyl)-2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl-acetanilide], fluchloralin [n-(2-chloroethyl)-(2,6-dinitro-n-propyl-4-trifluoromethyl) aniline], oxadiazon [5-terbutyl-3-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopro poxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-one] and oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene] at their recommended field rates (2.0, 1.5, 0.4 and 0.12kga.i.ha(-1), respectively) to investigate their effects o ...200616630642
municipal waste compost as an alternative to cattle manure for supplying potassium to lowland rice.the importance of the use of potassium in agriculture is increasing in south asia for making most productive use of the nutrient in terms of economic returns. nutrient supply traditionally by cattle manure is constrained by its insufficient availability. municipal waste compost may be an alternative source of nutrient supplements. field experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of calcutta university, west bengal, india during the wet seasons of 1997, 1998 and 1999 on flooded lowland r ...200716956645
degradation dynamics and persistence of imidacloprid in a rice ecosystem under west bengal climatic conditions. 200617176987
downstream promoter sequence of an indian isolate of rice tungro bacilliform virus alters tissue-specific expression in host rice and acts differentially in heterologous system.an indian isolate of rice tungro bacilliform virus from west bengal (rtbv-wb) showed significant nucleotide differences in its putative promoter region when compared with a previously characterized isolate from philippines. the transcription start site of rtbv-wb was mapped followed by assessing the activity and tissue-specificity of the full-length (fl) promoter (-231 to +645) and several of its upstream and downstream deletions by studying the expression of beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter ge ...200717721744
contribution of water and cooked rice to an estimation of the dietary intake of inorganic arsenic in a rural village of west bengal, india.arsenic contamination of rice plants by arsenic-polluted irrigation groundwater could result in high arsenic concentrations in cooked rice. the main objective of the study was to estimate the total and inorganic arsenic intakes in a rural population of west bengal, india, through both drinking water and cooked rice. simulated cooking of rice with different levels of arsenic species in the cooking water was carried out. the presence of arsenic in the cooking water was provided by four arsenic spe ...200817852383
impact of arsenic in foodstuffs on the people living in the arsenic-affected areas of west bengal, india.although the accumulation of arsenic (as) in human blood is linked with some diseases and with occupational exposure, there are few reports on speciation of as in blood. on the basis of our earlier article, elevated level of arsenicals in human urine and blood were found in the ex-exposed population via as-containing drinking water. the aim of the present study was to get an insight on impact of as in foodstuffs on the people living in the as-affected areas. moreover, speciation of arsenicals in ...200717952775
impact of sedimentary arsenic through irrigated groundwater on soil, plant, crops and human continuum from bengal delta: special reference to raw and cooked rice.existence of arsenic-rich (exceeds 2,000 mg/kg) iron pyrite in bengal delta sediments is responsible for arsenic release in aquifer. ingestion of contaminated drinking water is not the only elevated source of arsenic to the diet. irrigation of agricultural fields with arsenic-contaminated groundwater has led to arsenic build-up in soil, with subsequent elevation of arsenic in crops grown on these soils. about 50.7 and 11.2 kg of arsenic are withdrawn per year from 23 and 18 shallow tubewells, us ...200818602205
arsenic speciation in food and estimation of the dietary intake of inorganic arsenic in a rural village of west bengal, india.arsenic (as) species were quantified by hplc-hg-afs in water and vegetables from a rural area of west bengal (india). inorganic species predominated in vegetables (including rice) and drinking water; in fact, inorganic arsenic (i-as) represented more than 80% of the total arsenic (t-as) content. to evaluate i-as intake in an arsenic affected rural village, a food survey was carried out on 129 people (69 men and 60 women). the data from the survey showed that the basic diet, of this rural populat ...200818800809
development of methane emission factors for indian paddy fields and estimation of national methane budget.a state-wise assessment of methane (ch(4)) budget for indian paddies, based on a decadal measurement data across india is presented for the calendar year (cy) 1994, the base year for india's initial national communication (natcom) to the united nations framework convention on climate change (unfccc), along with national trend from cy 1979 to 2006. the natcom ch(4) emission factors (efs) for indian paddy cultivation areas, generally having less than 0.7% of soil organic carbon (soc), have been es ...200918996564
baseline soil variation is a major factor in arsenic accumulation in bengal delta paddy rice.factors responsible for paddy soil arsenic accumulation in the tubewell irrigated systems of the bengal delta were investigated. baseline (i.e., nonirrigated) and paddy soils were collected from 30 field systems across bangladesh. for each field, soil sampled at dry season (boro) harvest i.e., the crop cycle irrigated with tubewell water, was collected along a 90 m transect away from the tubewell irrigation source. baseline soil arsenic levels ranged from 0.8 to 21. mg/kg, with lower values foun ...200919368163
arsenic burden from cooked rice in the populations of arsenic affected and nonaffected areas and kolkata city in west-bengal, india.arsenic contamination of rice irrigated with contaminated groundwater contributes to the additional arsenic burden of the population where rice is the staple food. in an arsenic contaminated area, an experimental field-based study done on nine fields elucidated significant positive correlation between arsenic in irrigation water and soil, irrigation water and rice, and also soil and rice both for boro (groundwater) and aman (rainwater) rice. speciation studies showed that for both boro (cooked) ...200919534157
effect of cooking method and rice type on arsenic concentration in cooked rice and the estimation of arsenic dietary intake in a rural village in west bengal, india.arsenic (as) contamination of rice plants can result in high total as concentrations (t-as) in cooked rice, especially if as-contaminated water is used for cooking. this study examines two variables: (1) the cooking method (water volume and inclusion of a washing step); and (2) the rice type (atab and boiled). cooking water and raw atab and boiled rice contained 40 microg as l(-1) and 185 and 315 microg as kg(-1), respectively. in general, all cooking methods increased t-as from the levels in ra ...200819680842
assessing the arsenic-contaminated rice (oryza sativa) associated children skin lesions.the purpose of this study was to assess the potential risk of children skin lesions from arsenic-contaminated rice (oryza sativa) consumption in west bengal (india). published age- and gender-specific skin lesions data in west bengal were reanalyzed and incorporated into a weibull dose-response model to predict children skin lesion prevalence. monomethylarsonous acid (mma(iii)) levels in urine was used as a biomarker that could be predicted from a human physiologically based pharmacokinetic (pbp ...201019945215
arsenic affects mineral nutrients in grains of various indian rice (oryza sativa l.) genotypes grown on arsenic-contaminated soils of west bengal.the exposure of paddy fields to arsenic (as) through groundwater irrigation is a serious concern that may not only lead to as accumulation to unacceptable levels but also interfere with mineral nutrients in rice grains. in the present field study, profiling of the mineral nutrients (iron (fe), phosphorous, zinc, and selenium (se)) was done in various rice genotypes with respect to as accumulation. a significant genotypic variation was observed in elemental retention on root fe plaque and their a ...201020490609
segregation of nod-containing and nod-deficient bradyrhizobia as endosymbionts of arachis hypogaea and as endophytes of oryza sativa in intercropped fields of bengal basin, india.bradyrhizobial invasion in dalbergoid legumes like arachis hypogaea and endophytic bacterial invasions in non-legumes like oryza sativa occur through epidermal cracks. here, we show that there is no overlap between the bradyrhizobial consortia that endosymbiotically and endophytically colonise these plants. to minimise contrast due to phylogeographic isolation, strains were collected from arachis/oryza intercropped fields and a total of 17 bradyrhizobia from arachis (wbah) and 13 from oryza (wbo ...201627102878
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