Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| radiocesium in native residents of anaktuvuk pass, alaska, 1970-1974. | 1976 | 1360 | |
| mandibular lesions in the western arctic caribou herd of alaska. | lesions were noted in 7.0 and 4.4% of mandible pairs collected from the western arctic caribou herd of northwestern alaska in 1959-61 and 1975-77, respectively. the prevalence of mandibular lesions in the 1959-61 collection is believed to be the highest reported in wild caribou herds of north america. the frequency of occurrence of mandibular lesions was highest in caribou 7 years of age and older, and there was a higher prevalence in adult males than in adult females. trauma, dental abscesses, ... | 1979 | 39180 |
| an investigation of arterial disease in alaskan reindeer and caribou. | no significant lesions of atherosclerosis or other vascular diseases were found in the aorta and coronary arteries of 34 reindeer and 15 caribou (rangifer tarandus). serum lipid, phospholipid, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were similar in caribou and reindeer and did not differ greatly from those reported in other ruminants. | 1979 | 41108 |
| vitamin e status of alaskan eskimos. | a survey was conducted during 1971-1973 on the vitamin e status of alaskan eskomos. the subjects were 315 residents of the northern coastal villages of wainwright and point hope and the southwestern inland villages of kasigluk and nunapitchuk. plasma vitamin e levels for the 6- to 17-year-old subjects at wainwright, point hope, and nunapitchuk were 0.81 plus or minus 0.26, 0.90 plus or minus 0.20, and 0.84 plus or minus 0.25 mg/100 ml (mean and standard deviation), respectively. the values for a ... | 1975 | 238383 |
| [comparative study of the virulence and pathogenicity of cultures of brucella isolated from northern reindeer in the ussr and alaska]. | 1977 | 899447 | |
| further observations on rangiferine brucellosis in alaskan carnivores. | antibodies against rangiferine brucellosis, brucella suis type 4, are commonly found in the serum of various domestic and wild alaskian carnivores which feed on caribou, rangifer tarandus granti, arctic alaska. sled dogs from five native villages on the range of the artic caribou herd, but not from two villages on the the range of the porcupine caribou herd, are commonly infected. wolves (canis lupus) and red foxes (vulpes fulva) are less commonly infected. about 90% of the grizzly bears (ursus ... | 1975 | 1113440 |
| [taxonomic position of brucella isolated from reindeer]. | 1986 | 3529757 | |
| [genetic structure of aboriginal populations of northeastern ussr. vi. correlations of genetic and geographic distances between populations and subpopulations]. | significant correlation of genetic distances (estimated for 17 polymorphic loci) between populations of asia and alaska eskimos, coast and reindeer chuckchies, kamchatka koryaks and chuckotka even with geographic distances (r = 0.650; p less than 0.01) is shown. also, significant correlation of genetic and geographic distances between 5 coast chuckchies subpopulations have been revealed (r = 0.871; p less than 0.001). the findings can indicate some ecological conditionality of population and sub ... | 1987 | 3623086 |
| [genetic structure of the populations of native inhabitants of the northeastern ussr. iv. the koryaks of kamchatka]. | genetic structure of four kamchatka subpopulations (675 individuals) was estimated for 25 erytrocyte and serum systems, some blood groups and for taste sensitivity to ptc. 23 of 38 loci examined are completely monomorphic. these are: ak, ca-1, cat, dia, est1-4, got, g-6-pd, ldh a and b, mdh, pgm2, sod, hb alpha and beta, che1, lap, alb, cp, tf, rh. following allele frequencies were found for polymorphic loci: acpa = = 0.616; acpb = 0.383; acpc = 0.0015; esd1 = 0.882; glo - i1 = 0.156; gpt1 = 0.6 ... | 1985 | 4054618 |
| identification and virulence studies of brucella strains isolated from eskimos and reindeer in alaska, canada, and russia. | 1966 | 4161800 | |
| electrocution of a caribou herd caused by lightning in central alaska. | 1973 | 4784317 | |
| observations on some natural-focal zoonoses in alaska. | 1972 | 5055675 | |
| 137 cs: seasonal patterns in native residents of three contrasting alaskan villages. | 1971 | 5106039 | |
| transfer of radiocesium from lichen to reindeer. | 1971 | 5112180 | |
| the occurrence of setaria in reindeer. | 1971 | 5163739 | |
| the occurrence of setaria in reindeer. | 1971 | 5165968 | |
| radionuclide distribution in the alaskan arctic ecosystem. bnwl-1051. | 1969 | 5308888 | |
| levels of 55fe in humans, animals and food 1964-1967. bnwl-715. 2. | 1968 | 5310062 | |
| 210pb and 210po in tissues of some alaskan residents as related to consumption of caribou or reindeer meat. | 1970 | 5416365 | |
| radionuclides in alaskan caribou and reindeer, march-may 1967. | 1968 | 5636440 | |
| radionuclides in alaska caribou and reindeer, august-october 1967. | 1968 | 5668783 | |
| 134cs-137cs activity ratio in the biosphere from 1956 until 1966. | 1968 | 5689054 | |
| the diseases and parasites of alaskan wildlife populations. i. some observations on brucellosis in caribou. | 1968 | 5689983 | |
| radionuclides in alaska caribou and reindeer, august-october 1967. | 1968 | 5690540 | |
| fallout radionuclides in northern alaskan ecosystems. | 1968 | 5693144 | |
| radionuclides in alaskan caribou and reindeer march--may 1968. | 1968 | 5753987 | |
| radionuclides in alaskan caribou and reindeer, september-november 1968. | 1969 | 5810745 | |
| rutting behaviour in a barren-ground caribou population. | 1965 | 5835842 | |
| projected values of cesium-137 body burdens in anaktuvuk pass eskimos for the summer of 1965, based on findings in caribou muscle. | 1965 | 5891568 | |
| radionuclides in alaskan caribou and reindeer, 1963-1965. | 1966 | 5910604 | |
| cesium-137 body burdens in alaskan eskimos during the summer of 1965. | cesium-137 body burdens of anaktuvuk pass, alaska, residents during the summer of 1965 were about 30 percent less than during 1964. lower amounts of cesium-137 in the people reflected a similar decrease of this isotope in caribou flesh, which serves as the principal food of the natives. | 1966 | 5938776 |
| calving and related social behavior in the barren-ground caribou. | 1966 | 5990062 | |
| cesium-137 in alaskan lichens, caribou and eskimos. | 1967 | 6029683 | |
| radionuclides in alaskan caribou and reindeer october-november 1966. | 1967 | 6044138 | |
| electrophoresis of the serum proteins and transferrins of alces alces (elk), rangifer tarandus (reindeer), and ovis dalli (dall sheep) from north america. | 1967 | 6075156 | |
| 137cs concentrations in northern alaskan eskimos, 1962-79: effects of ecological, cultural and political factors. | concentrations of worldwide fallout 137cs were measured in the lichen-caribou-eskimo food chain of northern alaska during the period 1962-79. pronounced inputs of fallout occurred after major nuclear weapons tests in the atmosphere and 137cs was transmitted through the food chain to eskimos with about a 2-yr delay due to environmental parameters. caribou (rangifer tarandus) meat sampled during spring harvest contained 4 times the 137cs concentration of lichens obtained from their winter range. c ... | 1982 | 6123492 |
| prediction of 90sr body burdens and radiation dose in anaktuvuk pass alaska eskimos due to fallout. | strontium-90 concentrations in skeletons of eskimo residents of anaktuvuk pass. alaska during 1954-79 were predicted from two models based on (1) sr kinetics in human bond and (2) estimated annual 90sr ingestion rates via caribou meat. predicted skeletal burdens of adult eskimos gradually increased through 1961 and then rapidly achieved maximal values during 1964-66, reflecting fallout 90sr levels in caribou meat which contributed 80-97% of dietary 90sr intake. concentrations of 90sr in male esk ... | 1982 | 6129202 |
| serologic survey for selected microbial pathogens in alaskan wildlife. | antibodies to brucella spp. were detected in sera of seven of 67 (10%) caribou (rangifer tarandus), one of 39 (3%) moose (alces alces), and six of 122 (5%) grizzly bears (ursus arctos). antibodies to leptospira spp. were found in sera of one of 61 (2%) caribou, one of 37 (3%) moose, six of 122 (5%) grizzly bears, and one of 28 (4%) black bears (ursus americanus). antibodies to contagious ecthyma virus were detected in sera of seven of 17 (41%) dall sheep (ovis dalli) and five of 53 (10%) caribou ... | 1983 | 6139490 |
| [genetic structure of the populations of native inhabitants in the northeastern ussr. iii. asiatic eskimos and the coast and reindeer chukchi]. | the genetic structure of three asiatic eskimos subpopulations (402 individuals), five coast chuckchies subpopulations (1793 individuals) and three reindeer chuckchies subpopulations (559 individuals) have been studied for 26 electrophoretic protein systems (33 loci). these are: adenilate-kinase (ak), diaphorase nad x h (dia), glyoxalase-1 (glo-1), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (6gpt), glutamatpyruvate transaminase (gpt), glutamicoxalate transaminase (got), carbonic anhydrase-1 (ca-1), catala ... | 1984 | 6439603 |
| serologic and experimental investigations of contagious ecthyma in alaska. | serologic evidence of contagious ecthyma (ce) was found in domestic sheep (ovis aries), domestic goats (capra hircus), dall sheep (ovis dalli), and musk-ox (ovibos moschatus) in alaska. a moose (alces alces) calf and a caribou (rangifer tarandus) fawn were susceptible to experimental infection and both developed antibody titers as a result. ce virus was isolated from lesions of dall sheep which were involved in a natural outbreak of the disease. | 1983 | 6644914 |
| serologic evidence of arbovirus infections in humans and wild animals in alaska. | blood samples were collected from humans and several species of free-ranging wild animals in alaska. sera were tested for antibody to jamestown canyon (jc), snowshoe hare (ssh), northway (nor), klamath (kla), sakhalin (sak), great island (gi), and silverwater (sil) virus. jc antibody was found in 54% of 121 human, 89% of 97 bison (bison bison), 51% of 84 dall sheep (ovis dalli), 43% of 68 snowshoe hare (lepus americanus), and 3% of 33 arctic fox (alopex lagopus) sera. ssh antibody was found in 4 ... | 1983 | 6644915 |
| trypanosoma cervi from alaskan reindeer, rangifer tarandus. | twenty-nine (64.4%) or 45 reindeer, rangifer tarandus, examined over a two-year period were infected with trypanosomes. trypomastigotes and dividing epimastigotes were found in the blood of fawns, cows, and bulls. morphometric analysis of bloodstream trypomastigotes from reindeer and comparison of these parasites with similar stages of trypanosomes from elk, mule deer, and white-tailed deer from the continuous united states proved them conspecific; the trypanosomes from these members of the cerv ... | 1982 | 7175772 |
| perinatal mortality in caribou from the porcupine herd, alaska. | during the 1989 caribou (rangifer tarandus) calving season on the arctic national wildlife refuge, alaska (usa), 61 calf carcasses were examined for cause of death and associated pathology. dead calves were located by low-level aerial searches with two fixed-wing aircraft and a helicopter over high density calving areas between the hulahula and aichilik rivers. primary diagnoses included emaciation (39%), malnutrition (8%), stillbirth (21%), trauma (16%), other primary causes (7%), and undetermi ... | 1993 | 8098070 |
| genetic variation in domestic reindeer and wild caribou in alaska. | reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) were introduced into alaska 100 years ago and have been maintained as semidomestic livestock. they have had contact with wild caribou (r.t.granti) herds, including deliberate crossbreeding and mixing in the wild. reindeer have considerable potential as a domestic animal for meat or velvet antler production, and wild caribou are important to subsistence and sport hunters. our objective was to quantify the genetic relationships of reindeer and caribou in alask ... | 1995 | 8572366 |
| seasonal levels of metabolic hormones and substrates in male and female reindeer (rangifer tarandus). | seasonal levels of cortisol, growth hormone (gh), insulin like growth factor 1 (igf-1), glucose, triiodothyronine (t3), free t3, thyroxine and free fatty acids (ffa) were measured every 3 weeks for 54 weeks in the plasma of five adult bulls, and four barren and five pregnant alaskan reindeer (rangifer tarandus) cows. three consecutive samples were taken from each animal. cortisol levels exhibited wide seasonal variation (9-45 ng/ml) [corrected] without any peak or difference in levels among grou ... | 1998 | 9827045 |
| use of western immunoblot analysis for testing moose serum for brucella suis biovar 4 specific antibodies. | to determine if 12 moose (alces alces) from northern alaska with agglutinating antibodies specific for brucella spp. had been exposed to either b. suis biovar 4 or b. abortus biovar 1, western immnnoblot serologic analysis was performed. differential serologic responses to strain specific a and m antigenic variances of the lipopolysaccharide o-polysaccharide sugar allowed strain identification. prior to examination, test sera were absorbed with killed whole cells from either b. abortus biovar 1, ... | 1999 | 10479098 |
| antibiotic treatment and post-handling survival of reindeer calves in alaska. | free ranging reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) are driven into corral systems and handled each summer on the seward peninsula (alaska, usa). during june and july of 1995-96 reindeer calves were inspected for injury, handled, weighed, and randomly treated with long-acting oxytetracycline. calves that returned to subsequent handlings within the same year, received treatment only if they had been treated during their first handling. the effects of prophylactic antibiotic treatment and other fac ... | 1999 | 10574533 |
| serologic survey for toxoplasma gondii in selected wildlife species from alaska. | blood was collected from selected wildlife species in specific areas of alaska (usa) during 1976-96. a modified agglutination test was used to test sera for evidence of exposure to toxoplasma gondii. serum antibody prevalence was 43% (62 positive of 143 tested) for black bears (ursus americanus), 9% (11/125) for wolves (canis lupus), 7% (22/319) for dall sheep (ovis dalli), 6% (14/241) for caribou (rangifer tarandus), 1% (3/240) for moose (alces alces), and 1% (2/241) for bison (bison bison). a ... | 2000 | 10813602 |
| conservation science. caribou study fuels debate on drilling in arctic refuge. | 2002 | 11964445 | |
| molecular characterization of cryptosporidium sp. isolated from northern alaskan caribou (rangifer tarandus). | cryptosporidium sp. was found in 3 out of 49 caribou (rangifer tarandus) from northern alaska. segments of both the 18s ribosomal rna and the heat shock protein genes were amplified from the caribou isolate and compared with that obtained from an isolate from a wild white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in virginia as well as other species and isolates available from genbank. analyses showed the white-tailed deer isolate to be identical with the c. parvum cattle genotype; however, the carib ... | 2002 | 12053974 |
| serum antibody prevalence of malignant catarrhal fever viruses in seven wildlife species from alaska. | blood samples were collected from seven species of free-ranging ungulates in alaska. sera were tested for evidence of exposure to malignant catarrhal fever viruses (mcfv) by means of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. antibody prevalences were as follows: muskox (ovibos moschatus) 100 positive samples of 104 tested (96%); dall sheep (ovis dalli) 212 of 222 (95%); elk (cervus elaphus) 14 of 51 (27%); bison (bison bison) 34 of 197 (17%); caribou (rangifer tarandus) nine of 232 (4%); ... | 2002 | 12238366 |
| brucella vaccines in wildlife. | brucellosis has been known to exist in populations of wildlife since the early part of the 20th century. at the beginning of this century in the us, brucella abortus is a problem in elk and bison in the greater yellowstone area, b. suis is prevalent in millions of feral swine in most of the southern states, and caribou/reindeer in alaska are infected with b. suis biovar 4. brucellosis has been virtually eliminated in domestic livestock in the us after decades of expensive governmental disease pr ... | 2002 | 12414169 |
| strontium-90 in alaska. | strontium-90 concentrations have been determined in a variety of foods used by the native population. caribou from the tundra carry 10 to 20 times the level of domestic cattle. eskimos for whom caribou is a staple in the diet are found to have four times the strontium-90 content of the average for the world population of the north temperate zone. | 1962 | 13909456 |
| iodine-131 in the thyroids of north american deer and caribou: comparison after nuclear tests. | concentrations of i(131) in the thyroids of deer from washington, colorado, and maryland, and of caribou from alaska were measured after the resumption of nuclear weapon tests by the u.s.s.r. on 1 september 161. maximum concentrations occurred nearly 2 months after the first nuclear test and then decreased at an effective half-time of about 15 days. thyroids from washington and colorado deer showed the highest concentrations, thyroids from alaskan caribou the lowest. | 1963 | 13952648 |
| cesium-134 in alaskan eskimos and in fallout. | whole-body counts of alaskan eskimos during the summer of 1962 showed the presence of cesium-134 as well as cesium-137. cesium-134 was also found in reindeer and caribou meat; this finding was confirmed through coincidence counting. there was generally about 1 percent as much cesium-134 as there was cesium-137. cesium-134 was also found on air filters collected at richland, washington. the appearance of cesium-134 seems to be world-wide and continuing. | 1963 | 14057358 |
| strontium-90 in plants and animals of arctic alaska, 1959-61. | the strontium-90 content of the biota near cape thompson, alaska, was related to environmental factors. in plants, perennials with persistent aerial parts had maximum and similar concentrations of strontium-90. the content of caribou muscle varied seasonally and was highest in winter when lichens were an important caribou food. | 1964 | 14137931 |
| radioactivity measured in alaskan natives, 1962-1964. | measurements of the cesium-137 content of northern alaskan natives during the summer of 1964 indicated that the adults of the interior village of anaktuvuk pass had the highest average body burden: 1280 nanocuries of cesium-137. this is an increase of 200 percent over the average body burden found in the summer of 1962 and 100 percent over that found in the summer of 1963. the greatest burden found in a native in 1964 was 2.4 microcuries of cesium-137, but the highest burden of all, 3.0 microcur ... | 1965 | 14241411 |
| radionuclides in alaskan caribou and reindeer, 1963-1964. | 1965 | 14326280 | |
| polygynous mating impairs body condition and homeostasis in male reindeer ( rangifer tarandus tarandus). | reindeer are polygynous ruminants that breed when plant growth declines in the arctic. we studied seven males (2 years and older) in two herds with a total of 34 females to describe the costs and consequences of mating or rut. body mass declined between september and november and did not recover through winter even though food was available ad libitum. dominance did not affect body mass or any correlate of mass loss, indicating similar costs of rut among males. males lost 34% of ingesta-free mas ... | 2004 | 14986044 |
| examination of cadmium sorption characteristics for a boreal soil near fairbanks, alaska. | the objective of this research was to better understand cadmium (cd) mobility in an organic-rich, boreal soil. cadmium was selected for the study because of its tendency to be more mobile in soils than other heavy metals, such as lead or mercury. the release of metals from soil is a concern for northern regions where soils are gradually warming, resulting in an increased rate of natural organic matter (nom) decomposition and soil erosion. soil samples were collected from three principle soil hor ... | 2004 | 15177104 |
| a note on mercury levels in the hair of alaskan reindeer. | reindeer, as terrestrial herbivores, generally have low levels of hg, but monitoring hg levels can help in understanding ecological toxicity related to a changing environment. in this study, alaskan reindeer were analyzed for total mercury (thg) in their hair. both free-ranging reindeer from the seward peninsula, alaska and reindeer fed a pollock-based fishmeal diet were surveyed. free ranging reindeer had mean thg levels of (55.3 ng/g; n=5). the mean mehg level in the free ranging reindeer was ... | 2005 | 15740775 |
| geographic distribution of the muscle-dwelling nematode parelaphostrongylus odocoilei in north america, using molecular identification of first-stage larvae. | molecular identification of dorsal-spined larvae (dsl) from fecal samples indicates that the protostrongylid parasite parelaphostrongylus odocoilei occupies a broader geographic range in western north america than has been previously reported. we analyzed 2,124 fecal samples at 29 locations from thinhorn sheep (ovis dalli dalli and o. d. stonei), bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis and o. c. californiana), mountain goats (oreamnos americanus), woodland caribou (rangifer tarandus caribou), ... | 2005 | 16108550 |
| body protein stores and isotopic indicators of n balance in female reindeer (rangifer tarandus) during winter. | we studied bred and unbred female reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) during 12 wk of winter when ambient temperatures were low and nitrogen (n) demand for fetal growth is highest in pregnant females. animals were fed a complete pelleted diet ad lib. that contained 2.54% n in dry matter that was 80% +/- 2% (x +/- sd) digestible. female reindeer lost 64% +/- 14% of body fat but gained 34% +/- 11% of lean mass from 10 wk prepartum to parturition. these changes were equivalent to average balances ... | 2006 | 16691528 |
| mitochondrial dna and microsatellite dna variation in domestic reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) and relationships with wild caribou (rangifer tarandus granti, rangifer tarandus groenlandicus, and rangifer tarandus caribou). | reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) in alaska are semidomestic livestock descended from 1280 animals introduced from siberia, russia, approximately 100 years ago. genetic variation at 18 microsatellite dna loci and the cytochrome b gene of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) was quantified in reindeer from alaska, siberia (russia), and scandinavia and compared with wild north american caribou. mean sequence divergence among 15 mtdna haplotypes in reindeer was 0.007 substitutions per nucleotide site, and ... | 2006 | 16837563 |
| an exploratory study of total mercury levels in archaeological caribou hair from northwest alaska. | over the past ten years, total mercury (thg) levels have been surveyed in alaskan wildlife and fish as part of the arctic monitoring and assessment (amap). beyond these studies there is little historical data on thg levels in important subsistence species for people in alaska. a survey of thg in caribou hair from archaeological deposits would provide data to develop temporal trends for this region of the arctic. caribou hair from a western thule settlement beneath the alaska native village of de ... | 2006 | 16876850 |
| simulating the influences of various fire regimes on caribou winter habitat. | caribou are an integral component of high-latitude ecosystems and represent a major subsistence food source for many northern people. the availability and quality of winter habitat is critical to sustain these caribou populations. caribou commonly use older spruce woodlands with adequate terrestrial lichen, a preferred winter forage, in the understory. changes in climate and fire regime pose a significant threat to the long-term sustainability of this important winter habitat. computer simulatio ... | 2006 | 17069367 |
| geographic pattern of serum antibody prevalence for brucella spp. in caribou, grizzly bears, and wolves from alaska, 1975-1998. | blood samples were collected from 2,635 caribou (rangifer tarandus), 1,238 grizzly bears (ursus arctos), and 930 wolves (canis lupus) from throughout mainland alaska during 1975-98. sera were tested for evidence of exposure to brucella spp. serum antibody prevalences were highest in the northwestern region of the state. in any specific area, antibody prevalences for caribou and wolves were of a similar magnitude, whereas antibody prevalence for bears in these same areas were two to three times h ... | 2006 | 17092888 |
| radiocesium in caribou and reindeer in northern canada, alaska and greenland from 1958 to 2000. | this study summarizes the spatial and temporal trends of fallout (137)cs concentrations in caribou and reindeer (rangifer tarandus ssp.), reported in various programs in canada, alaska and greenland, over a 40-y period. during the 1960s, the highest (137)cs concentrations (2000-3000bqkg(-1) wet weight in muscle) were found in the large caribou herds of central northern canada, with levels about 50% lower in alaska and greenland. concentrations varied by up to a factor of 6 between spring and fal ... | 2007 | 17239506 |
| genetic structure of circumpolar populations: a synthesis. | this article summarizes research conducted on the genetic structure of circumpolar populations of alaska, siberia, and the aleutian archipelago from 1977 to present. three research programs are described: (1) 1977-1978, on the genetics of small, yupik-speaking communities of st. lawrence island (savoonga and gambell) compared with inupk communities of king island and wales, alaska. this research, based on 25 standard protein and blood markers, demonstrated genetic discontinuity between the popul ... | 2007 | 17286261 |
| prion protein genes in caribou from alaska. | prion protein genes were sequenced in free-ranging alaska caribou (rangifer tarandus grantii). caribou prion alleles are identical or nearly so to those of wapiti, white-tailed deer, and mule deer. five single-nucleotide polymorphisms were detected with substitutions at residues 2 (v-->m), 129 (g-->s), 138 (s-->n), 146 (n-->n), and 169 (v-->m). the 138n codon had been previously reported only in prion pseudogenes of other cervids. in caribou, the 138s and 138n alleles are present at frequencies ... | 2007 | 17495306 |
| oral and physiological paleohealth in cold adapted peoples: northeast asia, hokkaido. | this paper examines variables useful in reconstructing oral (caries, antemortem tooth loss, alveolar defects) and physiological (cribra orbitalia, linear enamel hypoplasia) well-being in two bioarchaeological assemblages from hokkaido, japan: okhotsk (n = 37 individuals) and jomon (n = 60). findings are compared and contrasted with each other, with published series from honshu japan, and samples from climatically near-equivalent alaska. it was found that more meaningful comparisons of hokkaido p ... | 2008 | 17786996 |
| preliminary studies on the etiology of keratoconjunctivitis in reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) calves in alaska. | keratoconjunctivitis outbreaks occur each summer in reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) herds in western alaska, usa. this condition has not been well characterized nor has a definitive primary etiologic agent been identified. we evaluated the eyes of 660 calves near nome, alaska, between 29 june and 14 july 2005. clinical signs of keratoconjunctivitis were observed in 26/660 calves (3.9%). samples were collected from the conjunctival sac of both affected (n=22) and unaffected (n=24) animals f ... | 2008 | 18957667 |
| international polar year: the social pole? | 2009 | 19242449 | |
| dermoid cysts in caribou. | subcutaneous dermoid cysts were identified in eight wild caribou (rangifer tarandus) from widely dispersed locations in northern canada and in one wild caribou from alaska. the dermoid cysts from canadian caribou were found among 557 diagnostic specimens that had been detected by hunters and submitted by resource officers and biologists between 1 january 1966 and 15 may 2007. all of the cysts were located in the cervical region, and five of nine cysts were found in the throat area. all of the an ... | 2009 | 19395761 |
| a zooarchaeological signature for meat storage: re-thinking the drying utility index. | although the practice of food storage is important to many questions addressed by archaeologists, demonstrating its presence in archaeological contexts can be difficult or impossible. one potentially useful approach to meat storage is the concept of the drying utility index, introduced by lewis binford (1978) to predict which carcass portions, with attached bone, will be selected for storage by drying. however, this index has not been widely used by zooarchaeologists, at least in part because th ... | 2001 | 20043370 |
| neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii antibody prevalence in alaska wildlife. | free-ranging caribou and moose populations in some regions of alaska undergo periodic declines in numbers. caribou and moose are managed by the state as valuable resources for not only sustenance and subsistence, but also for cultural heritage. incidence and prevalence of diseases that may impact herd health and recruitment from year to year are relevant to management decisions aimed to protect the long-term viability of these herds. neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii are two apicomplexan pa ... | 2010 | 20688628 |
| genetic diversity of the major histocompatibility complex class ii in alaskan caribou herds. | we have sampled five different herds of caribou in alaska to ascertain their major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii diversity, and to assess whether the herds were significantly different in their mhc class ii allele profiles. we complemented the mhc results with data from nine neutral microsatellite markers. the results indicate that while the microsatellites are diverse, there are no significant differences between the herds. however, for the mhc, we have shown that there is diversity ... | 2010 | 21054806 |
| alaska peninsula stable isotope and radioisotope chemistry: a study in temporal and adaptive diversity. | purified bone collagen from a small suite of human remains recovered at three sites on the alaska peninsula (port moller, brooks river, and mink island) were analyzed for stable carbon and nitrogen isotope chemistry and were accelerator radiocarbon dated. because samples sizes were small and faunal isotope chemistry lacking, results should be considered preliminary. however, these data indicate that each locality was represented by a somewhat different suite of subsistence strategies and covered ... | 2010 | 21417886 |
| molecular identification of taenia spp. in wolves (canis lupus), brown bears (ursus arctos) and cervids from north europe and alaska. | taenia tapeworms of finnish and swedish wolves (canis lupus) and finnish brown bears (ursus arctos), and muscle cysticerci of svalbard reindeer (rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus), alaskan grant's caribou (rangifer tarandus granti) and alaskan moose (alces americanus) were identified on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of a 396bp region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene. two species were found from wolves: taenia hydatigena and taenia krabbei. the cysticerci of reindeer, ... | 2011 | 21571090 |
| daily body temperature rhythms persist under the midnight sun but are absent during hibernation in free-living arctic ground squirrels. | in indigenous arctic reindeer and ptarmigan, circadian rhythms are not expressed during the constant light of summer or constant dark of winter, and it has been hypothesized that a seasonal absence of circadian rhythms is common to all vertebrate residents of polar regions. here, we show that, while free-living arctic ground squirrels do not express circadian rhythms during the heterothermic and pre-emergent euthermic intervals of hibernation, they display entrained daily rhythms of body tempera ... | 2011 | 21752811 |
| anthropogenic and natural radionuclides in caribou and muskoxen in the western alaskan arctic and marine fish in the aleutian islands in the first half of 2000s. | a number of caribou and muskoxen samples from the western alaskan arctic and fish samples from the aleutian islands were collected between 1998 and 2006 and analyzed for anthropogenic ((90)sr and (137)cs) and natural radionculides ((40)k, (210)pb and (226)ra), as part of the radiological assessment for the regional subsistence hunting communities in the first half of 2000s. we examined the relationship between the activities of these nuclides with the size of the fish. in caribou samples, concen ... | 2011 | 21774963 |
| organochlorine and metal contaminants in traditional foods from st. lawrence island, alaska. | marine mammals (bowhead whale, walrus, and various seals) constitute the major component of the diet of the yupik people of st. lawrence island, alaska. st. lawrence island residents have higher serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) than in the general u.s. population. in order to determine potential sources, traditional food samples were collected from 2004 to 2009 and analyzed for pcbs, three chlorinated pesticides, and seven heavy metals (mercury, copper, zinc, arsenic, sele ... | 2011 | 21797772 |
| factors in the adaptation of reindeer herders to caribou on the seward peninsula, alaska. | over the last century, reindeer herding has provided a major economic base in eskimo villages on the seward peninsula, alaska, and has come to represent an important dimension of native cultural identity. as a result of the current population explosion of caribou from the western arctic caribou herd, along with a shift in the herd's migratory patterns, reindeer ranges that were free of caribou for generations are now being flooded by tens of thousands. reindeer join these migrating caribou and l ... | 2005 | 21847836 |
| evidence of alphaherpesvirus infections in alaskan caribou and reindeer. | the reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) industry in alaska began with animals imported from siberia (russia) in the 1890's. cervid herpes virus 2 (cvhv2) is endemic in reindeer in scandinavia. we sought to determine if the same virus, or similar herpesviruses, were circulating in alaskan reindeer and caribou (rangifer tarandus granti). serum samples from 292 reindeer were collected during annual reindeer handlings (1988-2005) near nome, alaska. in 2005, swab samples were collected from 40 calv ... | 2012 | 22243919 |
| hand-rearing wild caribou calves for studies of nutritional ecology. | caribou (rangifer tarandus) are considered difficult to hand-rear in captivity because they are sensitive to the composition and volume of formulated milks. we used a strict feeding schedule and a commercial milk formula designed specifically for caribou to bottle-feed neonates captured from five wild caribou herds in alaska. under a feeding protocol adjusted for age and mass, the growth rates and body mass of 26 hand-reared caribou calves to weaning were similar to those of three maternally nur ... | 2013 | 22968786 |
| summer resource selection and identification of important habitat prior to industrial development for the teshekpuk caribou herd in northern alaska. | many caribou (rangifer tarandus) populations are declining worldwide in part due to disturbance from human development. prior to human development, important areas of habitat should be identified to help managers minimize adverse effects. resource selection functions can help identify these areas by providing a link between space use and landscape attributes. we estimated resource selection during five summer periods at two spatial scales for the teshekpuk caribou herd in northern alaska prior t ... | 2012 | 23144932 |
| antlers on the arctic refuge: capturing multi-generational patterns of calving ground use from bones on the landscape. | bone accumulations faithfully record historical ecological data on animal communities, and owing to millennial-scale bone survival on high-latitude landscapes, have exceptional potential for extending records on arctic ecosystems. for the porcupine caribou herd, maintaining access to calving grounds on the arctic national wildlife refuge (anwr, alaska) is a central management concern. however, variability in calving ground geography over the 30+ years of monitoring suggests establishing the impa ... | 2013 | 23536601 |
| the bow and arrow in northern north america. | there were at least four waves of bow and arrow use in northern north america. these occurred at 12000, 4500, 2400, and after about 1300 years ago. but to understand the role of the bow and arrow in the north, one must begin in the eighteenth century, when the russians first arrived in the aleutian islands. at that time, the aleut were using both the atlatl and dart and the bow and arrow (fig. ). this is significant for two particular and important reasons. first, there are few historic cases in ... | 2015 | 23776050 |
| reindeer introgression and the population genetics of caribou in southwestern alaska. | alaska caribou (rangifer tarandus granti) in southwestern alaska are a poorly understood system, with differing descriptions of their regional population structure, population abundance that has varied greatly through time and instances of the release of domestic reindeer (r. t. tarandus) into their range. here, we use 21 microsatellites and 297 individuals to investigate the genetic population structure of herds and examine for population bottlenecks. then, using genetic characteristics of exis ... | 2014 | 24842565 |
| non-destructive lichen biomass estimation in northwestern alaska: a comparison of methods. | terrestrial lichen biomass is an important indicator of forage availability for caribou in northern regions, and can indicate vegetation shifts due to climate change, air pollution or changes in vascular plant community structure. techniques for estimating lichen biomass have traditionally required destructive harvesting that is painstaking and impractical, so we developed models to estimate biomass from relatively simple cover and height measurements. we measured cover and height of forage lich ... | 2014 | 25079228 |
| metagenomic survey for viruses in western arctic caribou, alaska, through iterative assembly of taxonomic units. | pathogen surveillance in animals does not provide a sufficient level of vigilance because it is generally confined to surveillance of pathogens with known economic impact in domestic animals and practically nonexistent in wildlife species. as most (re-)emerging viral infections originate from animal sources, it is important to obtain insight into viral pathogens present in the wildlife reservoir from a public health perspective. when monitoring living, free-ranging wildlife for viruses, sample c ... | 2014 | 25140520 |
| population structure over a broad spatial scale driven by nonanthropogenic factors in a wide-ranging migratory mammal, alaskan caribou. | wide-ranging mammals face significant conservation threats, and knowledge of the spatial scale of population structure and its drivers is needed to understand processes that maintain diversity in these species. we analysed dna from 655 alaskan caribou (rangifer tarandus granti) from 20 herds that vary in population size, used 19 microsatellite loci to document genetic diversity and differentiation in alaskan caribou, and examined the extent to which genetic differentiation was associated with hy ... | 2014 | 25403098 |
| anti-brucella antibodies in moose (alces alces gigas), muskoxen (ovibos moschatus), and plains bison (bison bison bison) in alaska, usa. | we used an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ielisa) and the rose bengal test (rbt) to test for anti-brucella antibodies in moose (alces alces gigas), muskoxen (ovibos moschatus), and plains bison (bison bison bison) from various game management units (gmus) in alaska, us, sampled from 1982 to 2010. a portion of the sera had previously been tested with the standard plate test (spt), the buffered brucella antigen (bba) card test, and the card test (card). no antibody-positive plains bis ... | 2016 | 26540335 |
| thiafentanil-azaperone-xylazine and carfentanil-xylazine immobilizations of free-ranging caribou (rangifer tarandus granti) in alaska, usa. | carfentanil-xylazine (cx) has been the primary drug combination used for immobilizing free-ranging ungulates in alaska, us since 1986. we investigated the efficacy of a potential new drug of choice, thiafentanil (investigational new animal drug a-3080). captive trials indicated that thiafentanil-azaperone-medetomidine could provide good levels of immobilization. however, field trials conducted in october 2013 on free-ranging caribou ( rangifer tarandus granti) calves showed the combination too p ... | 2016 | 26967141 |
| modeling caribou movements: seasonal ranges and migration routes of the central arctic herd. | migration is an important component of the life history of many animals, but persistence of large-scale terrestrial migrations is being challenged by environmental changes that fragment habitats and create obstacles to animal movements. in northern alaska, the central arctic herd (cah) of barren-ground caribou (rangifer tarandus granti) is known to migrate over large distances, but the herd's seasonal distributions and migratory movements are not well documented. from 2003-2007, we used gps radi ... | 2016 | 27045587 |
| climate strategies: thinking through arctic examples. | frequent and unpredictable extreme weather events in siberia and alaska destroy infrastructure and threaten the livelihoods of circumpolar peoples. local responses are inventive and flexible. however, the distinct politics of post-soviet siberia and alaska play a key role in the pragmatics of strategic planning. the arctic is a planetary climate driver, but also holds the promise of massive resources in an ice-free future, producing tensions between 'environmental' and 'development' goals. drawi ... | 2017 | 28461427 |