Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| tuberculous meningitis-mimicking varicella-zoster meningitis. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is one of the most common etiologies of aseptic meningitis. the severest manifestation of vzv meningitis is occasionally confused with tuberculous meningitis (tbm). thus, we investigated the clinical manifestations of vzv meningitis as compared with those of tbm. | 2017 | 28681577 |
| expanding the antiviral spectrum of 3-fluoro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: diamyl aspartate amidate prodrugs. | acyclic nucleosides containing a 3-fluoro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl (fpmp) side chain are known to be moderately potent antihuman immunodeficiency virus (hiv) agents, while being completely devoid of antiviral activity against a wide range of dna viruses. the derivatization of the phosphonic acid functionality of fpmps with a diamyl aspartate phenoxyamidate group led to a novel generation of compounds that not only demonstrate drastically improved antiretroviral potency but also are characteriz ... | 2017 | 28682067 |
| cytomegalovirus infection in hiv-infected and uninfected individuals is characterized by circulating regulatory t cells of unconstrained antigenic specificity. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection is associated with immune-suppression in immune-compromised hosts and old adults. we previously showed that ex vivo cmv restimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of cmv-seropositive volunteers expanded cd4+cd27-cd28- regulatory t cells (tregs). here we evaluate the phenotype and function of circulating cd4+cd27-cd28- t cells of cmv-seropositive adults. compared with cmv-seronegative, cmv-seropositive adults had 10-fold higher cd4+cd27-cd28-% t cel ... | 2017 | 28683106 |
| bilateral herpes zoster in a patient with end-stage kidney disease. | herpes zoster (hz) is caused by the reactivation of a latent varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection within the cranial or dorsal root ganglia. the cutaneous lesions of hz are typically limited to a single dermatome, while non-contiguous hz involving two or more dermatomes is a very rare clinical entity. in this report, we describe a case of hz involving the left and right side of the abdomen corresponding to the t11 dermatome in a 63-year-old man on chronic peritoneal dialysis. the characteristi ... | 2017 | 28684923 |
| simian varicella virus causes robust transcriptional changes in t cells that support viral replication. | varicella zoster virus (vzv) causes varicella (chickenpox) during acute infection. several studies have shown that t cells are early and preferential targets of vzv infection that play a critical role in disseminating vzv in to the skin and ganglia. however, the transcriptional changes that occur in vzv-infected t cells remain unclear due to limited access to clinical samples and robust translational animal models. in this study, we used a nonhuman primate model of vzv infection where rhesus mac ... | 2017 | 28698046 |
| economic burden of varicella in children 1-12 years of age in hungary, 2011-2015. | although live-attenuated varicella-zoster virus (vzv) vaccines have been proven to be safe and effective in preventing varicella and real-word evidence shows routine childhood immunization programs are effective in dramatically reducing varicella associated morbidity and mortality, varicella vaccine is not included in the national immunization program (nip) in hungary. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and economic burden associated with varicella in hungary. | 2017 | 28705150 |
| facial palsy and atrial fibrillation: a special case of ramsay hunt syndrome. | ramsay hunt syndrome (herpes zoster oticus) is a rare complication of latent varicella zoster virus infection. it can be complicated by permanent hearing loss, loss of taste and postherpetic neuralgia. although ramsay hunt syndrome most prominently involves the facial nerve, a number of other cranial nerves can be involved such as the vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal and the vagus nerve. we report on a case of ramsay hunt syndrome with cranial polyneuritis complicated by atrial fibrillation. ... | 2017 | 28705842 |
| atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome triggered by varicella infection. | varicella zoster virus (vzv) is a well-known virus that belongs to the herpesviridae family which induces a self-limited disease except in specific cases in particular among stem cell transplant patients. this virus is not known however to trigger atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (ahus). here we report the case of a six-year-old boy who was hospitalized with fever and abdominal pains associated to pruritic and vesicular rash, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. he was diagnosed with ahus ... | 2017 | 28725563 |
| outpatient dermatology consultation impacts the diagnosis and management of pediatric oncology patients: a retrospective study. | the impact of dermatology consultation on the care of children with oncologic conditions is unknown. | 2017 | 28728870 |
| schlafen 14 (slfn14) is a novel antiviral factor involved in the control of viral replication. | schlafen (slfn) proteins have been suggested to play important functions in cell proliferation and immune cell development. in this study, we determined the antiviral activities of putative rna-helicase domain-containing slfn14. murine slfn14 expression was specifically induced by tlr3-mediated pathways and type i interferon (ifn) in raw264.7 mouse macrophages. to examine the role of slfn during viral infection, cells were infected with either wild-type pr8 or delns1/pr8 virus. slfn14 expression ... | 2017 | 28734654 |
| complications of varicella zoster infection of the central nervous system. | 2017 | 28740587 | |
| targeted genome sequencing reveals varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 12 deletion. | the neurotropic herpesvirus varicella zoster virus (vzv) establishes a life-long latent infection in humans following primary infection. the low abundance of vzv nucleic acids in human neurons has hindered an understanding of the mechanisms that regulate viral gene transcription during latency. to overcome this critical barrier, we optimized a targeted capture protocol to enrich vzv dna and cdna prior to whole-genome/transcriptome sequence analysis. since the vzv genome is remarkably stable, it ... | 2017 | 28747504 |
| differentiation between wild-type and vaccines strains of varicella zoster virus (vzv) based on four single nucleotide polymorphisms. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection (chickenpox) results in latency and subsequent reactivation manifests as shingles. effective attenuated vaccines (voka) are available for prevention of both illnesses. in this study, an amplicon-based sequencing method capable of differentiating between vzv wild-type (wt) strains and voka vaccine is described. a total of 44 vesicular fluid specimens collected from 43 patients (16 from china and 27 from the uk) with either chickenpox or shingles were investi ... | 2017 | 28748773 |
| variations in herpes zoster manifestation. | herpes zoster (hz) is a neurocutaneous disorder due to endogenous reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (vzv). the typical clinical manifestation is an acute segmental eruption of herpetiform umbilicated vesicles associated with malaise, pain, dysaesthesia, allodynia and probably fever. this review focuses on other possible clinical manifestations of the disease to sensitize physicians not to overlook hz since only an early antiviral treatment can reduce the risk of post-zosteric neuralgia. | 2017 | 28749391 |
| fatal septic shock triggered by donor transmitted varicella zoster virus reinfection 3 days after lung transplantation. | 2017 | 28749818 | |
| progressive hippocampal sclerosis after viral encephalitis: potential role of nmda receptor antibodies. | survivors of viral encephalitis can develop refractory epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis. both the initial infectious insult and the secondary effects of recurrent seizures have been implicated in chronic disease progression. recently, post-infectious autoimmunity, involved in acute relapses, has also been proposed as a pathomechanism for chronic disease progression. our case series suggests a potential role of antibodies against the n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (nmdar) in chronic inflammatory ... | 2017 | 28750305 |
| a comprehensive review of immunization practices in solid organ transplant and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. | vaccine-preventable diseases, especially influenza, varicella, herpes zoster, and invasive pneumococcal infections, continue to lead to significant morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant (sot) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) recipients. | 2017 | 28751095 |
| characterization and phylogenetic analysis of varicella-zoster virus strains isolated from korean patients. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is a causative agent of chickenpox in primary infection and shingles after its reactivation from latency. complete or almost-complete genomic dna sequences for various vzv strains have been reported. recently, clinical vzv strains were isolated from korean patients whose genome was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology. in this study, we analyzed single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) of vzv strains to genetically characterize korean clinical isolates. ... | 2017 | 28752294 |
| new prodrugs of two pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: synthesis and antiviral activity. | new 2,4-diamino-6-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethoxy]pyrimidine (pmeo-dapy) and 1-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]-5-azacytosine (pme-5-azac) prodrugs were prepared with a pro-moiety consisting of carbonyloxymethyl esters (pom, poc), alkoxyalkyl esters, amino acid phosphoramidates and/or tyrosine. the activity of the prodrugs was evaluated in vitro against different virus families. none of the synthesized prodrugs demonstrated activity against rna viruses but some of them proved active against herpesviruses ... | 2017 | 28757102 |
| varicella zoster virus and large vessel vasculitis, the absence of an association. | it is controversial whether microorganisms play a role in the pathogenesis of large and medium vessel vasculitides (eg, giant cell arteritis [gca], takayasu arteritis [tak] and focal idiopathic aortitis [fia]). recent studies have reported the presence of varicella zoster virus (vzv) within formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded temporal arteries and aortas of about three-quarters or more of patients with these conditions, and in a minority of controls. in a prospective study, we sought to confirm th ... | 2017 | 28758156 |
| design, synthesis, and the biological evaluation of a new series of acyclic 1,2,3-triazole nucleosides. | a new strategy for the synthesis of n(3) -benzoylated- and n(3) -benzylated n(1) -propargylquinazoline-2,4-diones 30a-d and 31a-d from isatoic anhydride 41 is reported. the alkynes 30a-d and 31a-d were applied in the 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions with azides 27 and 28 to synthesize acyclic 1,2,3-triazole nucleosides. the obtained alkynes and 1,2,3-triazole were evaluated for antiviral activity against a broad range of dna and rna viruses. the alkyne 30d showed activity against adenovirus-2 (ec50 = ... | 2017 | 28763115 |
| comparing optical coherence tomography findings in different aetiologies of infectious necrotising retinitis. | to compare optical coherence tomography (oct) features of active necrotising infectious retinitis (nir) due to toxoplasmosis or herpesviruses and to determine distinctive oct signs for these two causes of infectious retinitis. | 2017 | 28765144 |
| highlights of the 30th international conference on antiviral research. | the 30th international conference on antiviral research (icar) was held in atlanta, ga, usa from may 18 to 21, 2017. this report provides an account of award lectures, invited keynote addresses and oral presentations during the meeting. the 2017 gertrude elion memorial lecture award by michael sofia highlighted one of the most important accomplishments in recent drug discovery in antiviral research, the identification of the hepatitis c virus direct-acting antiviral sofosbuvir and new alternativ ... | 2017 | 28774800 |
| combination therapy of rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil in childhood lupus nephritis. | in clinical trials, the addition of rituximab (rtx) to the combination therapeutic regimen of mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) and corticosteroids failed to improve outcome in lupus nephritis (ln). however, recent data suggest that rtx may have steroid-sparing beneficial effects with an efficacy similar to that of conventional regimens. we report our experience with rtx in the treatment of children with ln. | 2017 | 28780657 |
| acute pancreatitis in immunocompromised patients: beware of varicella zoster virus primo-infection. | varicella zoster virus (vzv) primo-infection can be severe in the elderly and in immunocompromised patients. atypical presentations are not uncommon and may mislead the diagnosis and delay adequate treatment. valacyclovir prophylaxis should be systematically proposed in immunocompromised patients. | 2017 | 28781838 |
| inborn errors in rna polymerase iii underlie severe varicella zoster virus infections. | varicella zoster virus (vzv) typically causes chickenpox upon primary infection. in rare cases, vzv can give rise to life-threatening disease in otherwise healthy people, but the immunological basis for this remains unexplained. we report 4 cases of acute severe vzv infection affecting the central nervous system or the lungs in unrelated, otherwise healthy children who are heterozygous for rare missense mutations in polr3a (one patient), polr3c (one patient), or both (two patients). polr3a and p ... | 2017 | 28783042 |
| evaluating the effectiveness of the universal immunization program against varicella in japanese children. | matched case control study was conducted to elucidate the effectiveness of the oka/biken vaccine immediately after implementation of the universal immunization program in japan. | 2017 | 28784281 |
| herpes zoster prevention: a difficult problem to solve. | the clinical relevance of herpes zoster (hz) and its increased incidence in recent years has prompted a search for more effective measures of prevention and therapy. a number of vaccines has been developed. for two of them, the live attenuated hz vaccine (lahzv) and the adjuvanted recombinant subunit hz vaccine (suhzv), data regarding immunogenicity, efficacy, safety and reactogenicity have been collected. this information allows us to draw some conclusions about what can be expected from their ... | 2017 | 28784283 |
| ramsay hunt syndrome with cranial polyneuropathy with features of supraglottitis. | a 67-year-old woman presented with a 1-week history of left otalgia and a 1-day history of odynophagia, pain extending into the face and neck, and a productive cough. flexible nasendoscopy showed features of supraglottitis, with swollen arytenoids and pooling of saliva in the piriform fossae. laboratory investigations revealed a mildly raised c reactive protein. a ct scan of the neck supported the diagnosis of supraglottitis and pharyngitis, with thickening of the mucosa of the left piriform fos ... | 2017 | 28784901 |
| potential clue to the pathogenesis of varicella-zoster virus stromal keratitis. | 2017 | 28799957 | |
| a national register-based study of paediatric varicella hospitalizations in denmark 2010-2016. | varicella, usually a mild disease of childhood, can also cause complications and hospitalization. universal varicella immunization is implemented in several countries worldwide, but not in denmark. taking advantage of unique national registers, we aimed to estimate the incidence of paediatric varicella hospitalizations and assess determinants for hospitalization. for this purpose, we designed a nationwide, retrospective register study of paediatric varicella hospitalizations and applied a case-c ... | 2017 | 28803571 |
| clinical, epidemiological and etiological studies of adult aseptic meningitis: report of 11 cases with varicella zoster virus meningitis. | we treated 11 cases (52.7 ± 14.9 years, all male) with varicella zoster virus (vzv) meningitis and 437 cases with adult aseptic meningitis from 2004 to 2016. the incidence rate of adult vzv meningitis in the cases with aseptic meningitis was 2.5%. herpes zoster infections are reported to have occurred frequently in summer and autumn. vzv meningitis also occurred frequently in the similar seasons, in our patients. the diagnoses were confirmed in 9 cases with positive vzv-dna in the cerebrospinal ... | 2017 | 28804114 |
| herpes zoster in breast cancer: a case report. | there is little information on herpes zoster infection in breast cancer patients as a complication during adjuvant chemotherapy. we report a case of herpes zoster in a 65-year-old woman presented with low grade fever and vital signs together with skin symptoms such as severe edema, irritation and itching in the left breast where there was wound drainage. pcr test revealed varicella zoster virus. to the best of our knowledge, the histologic features coupled with pcr led to a diagnosis of herpes z ... | 2017 | 28808209 |
| temporal association of herpes zoster eruption post-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride photodynamic therapy for actinic keratoses. | <p>herpes zoster is a common and painful disease caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus with a higher incidence and severity associated with increasing age as well as compromised immune status. acute inciting events for this eruption are not always known, but can include illness, stress, and mechanical injury. photodynamic therapy (pdt) is a widely used treatment modality for precancerous skin lesions that has not been previously associated with provoking a herpes zoster outbre ... | 2017 | 28809998 |
| infectious complications in multiple myeloma receiving autologous stem cell transplantation in the past 10 years. | infection is one of the main causes of early-treatment mortality in multiple myeloma (mm) patients during autologous stem cell transplantation (autosct). in the present study, we sought to determine the incidence of, and risk factors for, infection during hospital stays after autosct. we retrospectively evaluated 324 autosct events that occurred in 285 mm patients between 2006 and 2015, and reviewed the clinical characteristics of patients and history of infections. sixty-eight infection events ... | 2017 | 28825207 |
| a systematic review of varicella seroprevalence in european countries before universal childhood immunization: deriving incidence from seroprevalence data. | surveillance systems for varicella in europe are highly heterogeneous or completely absent. we estimated the varicella incidence based on seroprevalence data, as these data are largely available and not biased by under-reporting or underascertainment. we conducted a systematic literature search for varicella serological data in europe prior to introduction of universal varicella immunization. age-specific serological data were pooled by country and serological profiles estimated using the cataly ... | 2017 | 28826422 |
| a scid mouse-human lung xenograft model of varicella-zoster virus infection. | varicella pneumonia is one of the most serious, potentially life-threatening complications of primary varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection in adults and immunocompromised individuals. however, studies on the lung pathogenesis of vzv infection as well as development and testing of antivirals have long been hindered by limited access to clinical samples and a lack of suitable animal models. in this study, we report for the first time the use of human lung xenografts in scid mice for investigatin ... | 2017 | 28827121 |
| immunogenicity and safety of zoster vaccine live administered with quadrivalent influenza virus vaccine. | randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of zostavax™ (zv) administered concomitantly with quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (iiv4) in adults≥50years of age (nct02519855). | 2017 | 28830693 |
| zoster vaccine-associated primary varicella infection in an immunocompetent host. | a 64-year-old immunocompetent man developed a widespread pruritic and vesicular rash 2 weeks after receiving the zoster vaccine (zostavax). he had fever, bandaemia with normal total white blood cell count and mild transaminitis. pcr testing of serum and skin was positive for varicella zoster virus (vzv), while serum vzv igg was negative. the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism by pcr and sequencing from the skin swab was consistent with the vaccine strain. the patient received 1 week of i ... | 2017 | 28830902 |
| characterization of an anti-varicella-zoster virus compound that targets the portal protein encoded by orf54. | an anti-varicella-zoster virus compound, a 5-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen derivative (45b5), was characterized. its 50% effective concentration against the cell-free vaccine oka strain and 50% cytotoxic concentration in human fibroblasts were 16.9 μm and more than 100 μm, respectively. treatment with 45b5 decreased viral dna synthesis as well as ie62 expression weakly but significantly. all 45b5-resistant viral clones isolated had at least one mutation in orf54 that encodes the portal protein. there w ... | 2017 | 28833387 |
| herpesviruses excretion in saliva of pediatric transplant recipients. | saliva samples could be used for follow-up of herpesviruses infection in the pediatric transplant recipients. | 2017 | 28834054 |
| low varicella zoster virus seroprevalence among young children in the democratic republic of the congo. | varicella zoster virus (vzv) causes both varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles) and is associated with significant global morbidity. most epidemiological data on vzv come from high-come countries and to date there are limited data on the burden of vzv in africa. | 2017 | 28834954 |
| keratitis in association with herpes zoster and varicella vaccines. | the objective of this review was to collect reports of keratitis in association with herpes zoster virus (hzv) or varicella zoster virus (vzv) vaccines. hzv vaccination is intended for at-risk adult populations and vzv vaccination is intended for all pediatric patients. we reviewed the literature and reports of keratitis in association with herpes zoster or varicella vaccine from the national registry of drug-induced ocular side effects and the world health organization. twenty-four cases of uni ... | 2017 | 28837183 |
| serum c-reactive protein and congestive heart failure as significant predictors of herpes zoster vaccine response in elderly nursing home residents. | elderly long-term care residents often exhibit a myriad of risk factors for immune dysfunction, including chronic inflammation and multiple comorbid conditions, which undoubtedly contribute to their enhanced susceptibility to infection. hence, understanding the factors required for optimal vaccine responsiveness is critical. | 2017 | 28838148 |
| ramsay hunt syndrome: a diagnostic challenge for general dental practitioners. | ramsay hunt syndrome is not just a syndrome but it's rather an infectious disease caused by reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus in geniculate ganglion. this was first explained by j. ramsay hunt as a triad of complications like otalgia, mucosal and cutaneous rashes with or without trigeminal facial palsy. the facial palsy can occur with characteristic vesicles along the path of nerve. we present a case of ramsay hunt syndrome in a 48-year-old male. the unilateral pattern of facial invo ... | 2017 | 28839425 |
| the safety and immunogenicity of live zoster vaccination in rheumatoid arthritis patients before starting tofacitinib: a randomized phase ii trial. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) patients are at increased risk for herpes zoster, and vaccination is recommended in ≥50-year-old patients, prior to starting biologics or tofacitinib. tofacitinib is an oral jak inhibitor for the treatment of ra. we evaluated its effect upon the immune response and safety of live zoster vaccine (lzv). | 2017 | 28845577 |
| the immunoinhibitory pd-1/pd-l1 pathway in inflammatory blood vessel disease. | because of their vital function, the wall structures of medium and large arteries are immunoprivileged and protected from inflammatory attack. that vascular immunoprivilege is broken in atherosclerosis and in vasculitis, when wall-invading t cells and macrophages (mϕ) promote tissue injury and maladaptive repair. historically, tissue-residing t cells were studied for their antigen specificity, but recent progress has refocused attention to antigen-nonspecific regulation, which determines tissue ... | 2017 | 28848042 |
| pattern ii and pattern iii ms are entities distinct from pattern i ms: evidence from cerebrospinal fluid analysis. | the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (ms) is currently based solely on clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features. however, histopathological studies have revealed four different patterns of lesion pathology in patients diagnosed with ms, suggesting that ms may be a pathologically heterogeneous syndrome rather than a single disease entity. | 2017 | 28851393 |
| pcr-based approach for qualitative molecular analysis of six neurotropic pathogens. | in the last few years, polymerase chain reaction analysis is frequently required to improve the detection of pathogen infections in central nervous system as a potential cause of neurological disorders and neuropsychiatric symptoms. the goal of this paper is to set up a fast, cheap and reliable molecular approach for qualitative detection of six neurotropic pathogens. a method based on pcr has been designed and implemented to guarantee the qualitative dna detection of herpes simplex virus types ... | 2017 | 28854791 |
| cerebrospinal fluid cxcl13 as a diagnostic marker of neuroborreliosis in children: a retrospective case-control study. | lyme neuroborreliosis (lnb) is a frequent manifestation of lyme disease in children and its current diagnosis has limitations. the elevation of the chemokine cxcl13 in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of adult patients with lnb has been demonstrated and suggested as a new diagnostic marker. our aim was to evaluate this marker in the csf of children with suspected lnb and to determine a cxcl13 cut-off concentration that would discriminate between lnb and other central nervous system (cns) infections ... | 2017 | 28859668 |
| seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus in donors & opportunistic viral infections in liver transplant recipients. | opportunistic virus infections are common in liver transplant (lt) recipients. there is a risk of developing infection with cytomegalovirus (cmv) and herpes-related viruses such as herpes simplex virus-1 and 2 (hsv-1 & 2), epstein-barr virus (ebv) and varicella zoster virus (vzv), reactivation of infection and recurrent infection. this study was conducted to determine cmv seropositivity in donors and its influence on lt recipients and seropositivity of cmv, hsv-1 and 2, eb viral capsid antigen ( ... | 2017 | 28862190 |
| prevaccination epidemiology of herpes zoster in denmark: quantification of occurrence and risk factors. | herpes zoster (hz) is a vaccine-preventable disease caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus. unfortunately, formulation of recommendations on routine immunization is hampered by a lack of data on disease burden, since most countries do not record cases of hz in the general population. we developed and validated an algorithm to identify hz based on routinely collected registry data and used it to quantify hz occurrence and risk factors in denmark prior to marketing of the hz vaccine. | 2017 | 28874322 |
| genetic polymorphism of thymidine kinase (tk) and dna polymerase (pol) of clinical varicella-zoster virus (vzv) isolates collected over three decades. | genotypic resistance testing of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) strains to antivirals is of high relevance in immunocompromised patients with vzv reactivations unresponsive to therapy. however, the knowledge on mutations associated with natural gene polymorphism or resistance is limited. | 2017 | 28886462 |
| enhancing case definitions for surveillance of human monkeypox in the democratic republic of congo. | human monkeypox (mpx) occurs at appreciable rates in the democratic republic of congo (drc). infection with varicella zoster virus (vzv) has a similar presentation to that of mpx, and in areas where mpx is endemic these two illnesses are commonly mistaken. this study evaluated the diagnostic utility of two surveillance case definitions for mpx and specific clinical characteristics associated with laboratory-confirmed mpx cases. | 2017 | 28892474 |
| varicella coinfection in patients with active monkeypox in the democratic republic of the congo. | from 2006 to 2007, an active surveillance program for human monkeypox (mpx) in the democratic republic of the congo identified 151 cases of coinfection with monkeypox virus and varicella zoster virus from 1158 suspected cases of human mpx (13%). using clinical and socio-demographic data collected with standardized instruments by trained, local nurse supervisors, we examined a variety of hypotheses to explain the unexpectedly high proportion of coinfections among the sample, including the hypothe ... | 2017 | 28894977 |
| prevalence of a history of prior varicella/herpes zoster infection in multiple sclerosis. | varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection has been implicated in multiple sclerosis (ms), but direct causal involvement has been disputed. nevertheless, knowledge of vzv exposure is important, given the risk of serious complications of first exposure while undergoing immunosuppressive treatment, in particular with fingolimod. we distributed questionnaires to ms clinic patients, requesting information about history of chickenpox, sibling/household/occupational exposure, history of zoster (shingles), ... | 2017 | 28895088 |
| appendicitis caused by primary varicella zoster virus infection in a child with digeorge syndrome. | chickenpox is caused by varicella zoster virus (vzv). although predominantly a mild disease, it can cause considerable morbidity and in rare occasions even mortality in healthy children as well as increased morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. the aetiology of appendicitis is largely unknown but is thought to be multifactorial. appendicitis is a suspected, but not well documented, complication from varicella zoster virus infection. | 2017 | 28900551 |
| pcr detection of human herpesviruses in colonic mucosa of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease: comparison with individuals with immunocompetency and hiv infection. | detection of human herpesviruses (hhvs) other than cytomegalovirus (cmv) in colonic mucosa of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) remains unknown. this study identified eight hhvs in the colonic mucosa of individuals with ibd and compared the results with immunocompetent and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected individuals. | 2017 | 28902907 |
| slowly progressing varicella zoster brainstem encephalitis complicating ramsay hunt syndrome in an immunocompetent patient: case report and review of the literature. | a 56-year-old immunocompetent male developed brainstem encephalitis complicating ramsay hunt syndrome. the disease had a slowly progressing course of months after the triggering infection, much longer than previously reported. furthermore, magnetic resonance imaging, physical-chemical, and cell count analyses on cerebrospinal fluid were normal, whereas polymerase chain reaction for varicella zoster virus dna was positive. the simultaneous negativity of both imaging and basic csf exams is very ra ... | 2017 | 28905216 |
| outer nuclear membrane fusion of adjacent nuclei in varicella-zoster virus-induced syncytia. | syncytia formation has been considered important for cell-to-cell spread and pathogenesis of many viruses. as a syncytium forms, individual nuclei often congregate together, allowing close contact of nuclear membranes and possibly fusion to occur. however, there is currently no reported evidence of nuclear membrane fusion between adjacent nuclei in wild-type virus-induced syncytia. varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is one typical syncytia-inducing virus that causes chickenpox and shingles in humans. ... | 2017 | 28910710 |
| development and evaluation of multiplex real-time pcr for diagnosis of hsv-1, vzv, cmv, and toxoplasma gondii in patients with infectious uveitis. | infectious uveitis is a vision threatening inflammatory ocular disease wherein early diagnosis may prevent the loss of vision. the purpose of this study was to develop a multiplex real-time pcr for the diagnosis of herpes simplex virus-1, varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus and toxoplasma gondii in patients with suspected infectious uveitis. a total of 126 intraocular samples (aqueous and vitreous humor) were collected and subjected to multiplex real-time pcr. overall 26.2% (33/126) patients ... | 2017 | 28911798 |
| [investigation of bacterial and viral etiology in community acquired central nervous system infections with molecular methods]. | in this multicenter prospective cohort study, it was aimed to evaluate the bacterial and viral etiology in community-acquired central nervous system infections by standart bacteriological culture and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods. patients hospitalized with central nervous system infections between april 2012 and february 2014 were enrolled in the study. demographic and clinical information of the patients were collected prospectively. cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples of the ... | 2017 | 28929964 |
| protocol of a randomised controlled trial characterising the immune responses induced by varicella-zoster virus (vzv) vaccination in healthy kenyan women: setting the stage for a potential vzv-based hiv vaccine. | a protective hiv vaccine would be expected to induce durable effector immune responses at the mucosa, restricting hiv infection at its portal of entry. we hypothesise that use of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) as an hiv delivery vector could generate sustained and robust tissue-based immunity against hiv antigens to provide long-term protection against hiv. given that hiv uniquely targets immune-activated t cells, the development of human vaccines against hiv must also involve a specific examinati ... | 2017 | 28939581 |
| pediatric vaccine-strain herpes zoster: a case series. | herpes zoster (hz) is caused by reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (vzv), and typically causes a painful, vesicular, dermatomal rash in adults over the age of fifty. however, hz has been known to present in immunocompetent pediatric patients, which account for under 1% of total cases. pediatric cases are typically caused by natural infection with vzv, but among vaccinated children up to half of cases can be due to vaccine-strain vzv. we present two such cases of vaccine-strain hz in pedi ... | 2017 | 28944968 |
| herpes zoster incidence and cost in patients receiving autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplant. | among patients receiving autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (auto-hsct), this study estimated the incidence of herpes zoster (hz), compared healthcare costs among patients with and without hz, and evaluated antiviral prophylaxis (ap) use. | 2017 | 28945107 |
| serological susceptibility to varicella among u.s. immigration and customs enforcement detainees. | u.s. immigration and customs enforcement (ice) is responsible for detaining unauthorized aliens during immigration proceedings. during 2014 to 2015, adult ice detainees at a california facility were invited to complete a survey concerning self-reported varicella history and risk factors. participants underwent serological testing for varicella-zoster virus (vzv) igg; susceptible individuals were offered varicella vaccination. among 400 detainees with available serology results, 48 (12%) were sus ... | 2018 | 28945148 |
| anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (mog) antibody-positive varicella-zoster virus myelitis presenting as longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis: a case report. | a 69-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of disturbed consciousness and gait disturbance. he had herpes zoster (hz) in his left thigh 10 days before admission, and motor paresis of four extremities developed. a dark red rash was observed in his left buttock and thigh (l2-3 region), which was also scattered in the right lower leg, chest wall, and both upper extremities. brain mri showed no lesions of demyelinating plaques. spine mri showed no abnormal signals in the lumbar region; h ... | 2017 | 28954973 |
| intraocular detection of herpesviruses by xtag liquid chip technology in patients with acute retinal necrosis. | to evaluate the performance of the xtag liquid chip technology (xtag-lct) for etiological diagnosis of acute retinal necrosis (arn). | 2017 | 28960122 |
| diskogenic reactivation of herpes zoster. | varicella zoster virus remains dormant in the dorsal root ganglia after childhood exposure to chickenpox. its reactivation results in herpes zoster, otherwise known as shingles, which is a painful vesicular rash in a dermatomal distribution. we present a case of foraminal disk extrusion that resulted in radicular pain in a dermatomal distribution. the resultant inflammatory response around the dorsal root ganglion triggered an episode of shingles, which elegantly highlights the pathophysiology o ... | 2018 | 28962964 |
| large-vessel involvement and varicella zoster virus vasculopathy in giant cell arteritis-related stroke: something to keep an eye on. | 2017 | 28966175 | |
| a study of the changes of t helper 17 cells and regulatory t cells in herpes zoster. | immunosuppression and age-related deficiencies in cell-mediated immunity are important factors for the reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus (vzv). cd4+cd25+foxp3+ regulatory t (treg) cells and t helper 17 (th17) cells are closely associated with various viral infections. | 2017 | 28966514 |
| aflibercept in the management of acute retinal necrosis syndrome-related macular edema. | acute retinal necrosis (arn) is a panuveitis syndrome that may lead to severe complications such as cystoid macular edema (cme). there is no consensus about the best treatment. we report one case of cme secondary to arn managed with intravitreal aflibercept. | 2017 | 28967076 |
| cytokines produced in response to varicella-zoster virus infection of arpe-19 cells stimulate lymphocyte chemotaxis. | posterior uveitis is an ocular complication that can occur with reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (vzv). it may lead to loss of vision due to retinal detachment and chronic inflammation, which often causes more severe disease than the virus infection itself. to increase our understanding of the immune response, we infected the retinal pigment epithelial (rpe) cell line, arpe-19, with cell-associated vzv and compared its response to that of the mewo cell line using multiplex assays. we obser ... | 2017 | 28968855 |
| a concordance study of the altona realstar varicella-zoster virus real-time quantitative pcr and in-house conventional qualitative pcr. | this study compared the altona realstar™ vzv kit 1.0 real time quantitative vzv pcr with in-house qualitative conventional vzv pcr on cerebrospinal fluid, mucocutaneous, and other uncommon clinical specimens. overall, positive and negative agreement percentages were respectively 97.9% (95%ci: 93.8-99.6), 100.0% (95%ci: 93.1-100.0), and 96.3% (95%ci: 89.4-99.2) while cohen's kappa statistic value was 0.96 (95%ci: 0.91-1.00). realstar™ vzv quantitative pcr assay reported average quantitative viral ... | 2018 | 28971486 |
| a rare presentation of cranial polyneuropathy without rash caused by varicella zoster virus. | varicella zoster virus (vzv) is associated with many disorders of the central and peripheral nervous systems including neuralgia, meningitis, meningoencephalitis, cerebellitis, vasculopathy, myelopathy, ramsay-hunt syndrome, and polyneuritis cranialis. cranial nerves v, vi, vii, viii, ix, x, xi, and/or xii may be affected. the neurological disorders caused by vzv usually present with rash, but may rarely present without rash. | 2017 | 28974853 |
| seroprevalence of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and ljungan virus in finnish patients with suspected neurological infections. | directly-transmitted rodent-borne zoonotic viruses, such as lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) can cause nervous system infections. rodent-borne ljungan virus (lv) is considered potentially zoonotic possibly causing neurological symptoms. our objective was to understand the role of these two viruses compared to other pathogens in causing neurological infections in finnish patients. routine screening data were available for 400 patients aged 5-50 years, collected from december 2013 to dece ... | 2018 | 28976562 |
| unusual case of acute urinary retention in a young female. | we report an unusual case of a 17-year-old young female presenting to the emergency department with varicella infection, acute urinary retention (aur) and no other neurological deficits. an mri of the spine confirmed the diagnosis of acute transverse myelitis. positive serum igg antibodies against varicella zoster virus (vzv) suggested a parainfectious aetiology. the patient eventually developed weakness and a sensory level from the third thoracic dermatome on day 2 of hospitalisation. awareness ... | 2017 | 28978599 |
| monoclonal igg in mgus and multiple myeloma targets infectious pathogens. | subsets of mature b cell neoplasms are linked to infection with intracellular pathogens such as epstein-barr virus (ebv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), or helicobacter pylori. however, the association between infection and the immunoglobulin-secreting (ig-secreting) b proliferative disorders remains largely unresolved. we investigated whether the monoclonal igg (mc igg) produced by patients diagnosed with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (mgus) or multiple myeloma (mm) targets infec ... | 2017 | 28978808 |
| telomere dynamics in immune senescence and exhaustion triggered by chronic viral infection. | the progressive loss of immunological memory during aging correlates with a reduced proliferative capacity and shortened telomeres of t cells. growing evidence suggests that this phenotype is recapitulated during chronic viral infection. the antigenic volume imposed by persistent and latent viruses exposes the immune system to unique challenges that lead to host t-cell exhaustion, characterized by impaired t-cell functions. these dysfunctional memory t cells lack telomerase, the protein capable ... | 2017 | 28981470 |
| varicella infection in a non-universally vaccinated population: actual epidemiology in bulgaria (2013-2015). | varicella is a common and usually mild disease but it has great importance in regard to general infectious morbidity. the current study aimed to characterize possible risk factors of varicella epidemiology in bulgaria, a country where infection follows its natural epidemiological pattern as no mandatory or recommended vaccine is currently applied. | 2017 | 29017751 |
| autophagy proteins in phagocyte endocytosis and exocytosis. | autophagy was initially described as a catabolic pathway that recycles nutrients of cytoplasmic constituents after lysosomal degradation during starvation. since the immune system monitors products of lysosomal degradation via major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii restricted antigen presentation, autophagy was found to process intracellular antigens for display on mhc class ii molecules. in recent years, however, it has become apparent that the molecular machinery of autophagy serves p ... | 2017 | 29018446 |
| varicella zoster virus-associated neuroretinitis. | varicella zoster virus-associated neuroretinitis is rare. we report a patient who presented with blurred vision of the left eye and extraocular movement pain. a fundoscopic examination revealed disc edema, hyperemia, and macular edema. the impression was neuroretinitis. intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy was administered. however, visual recovery was incomplete with optical coherence tomography (oct) imaging showing photoreceptor layer disruption. the laboratory data were rechecked and ... | 2017 | 29018697 |
| acute retinal necrosis caused by the zoster vaccine virus. | we report acute retinal necrosis caused by the vaccine oka strain following immunization of a 78-year-old woman with live zoster vaccine. whole genome sequencing confirmed the ocular voka strain to be derived from the vaccine and excluded the presence of new mutations or recombination with wild-type varicella zoster virus. | 2017 | 29020238 |
| varicella-zoster virus expresses multiple small noncoding rnas. | many herpesviruses express small noncoding rnas (sncrnas), including micrornas (mirnas), that may play roles in regulating lytic and latent infections. none have yet been reported in varicella-zoster virus (vzv; also known as human herpesvirus 3 [hhv-3]). here we analyzed next-generation sequencing (ngs) data for small rnas in vzv-infected fibroblasts and human embryonic stem cell-derived (hesc) neurons. two independent bioinformatics analyses identified more than 20 vzv-encoded 20- to 24-nucleo ... | 2017 | 29021397 |
| review for disease of the year: varicella zoster virus-induced anterior uveitis. | varicella zoster virus (vzv)-induced anterior uveitis (au) may complicate the course of primary varicella infection typically seen in children. in adults, especially with advanced age, vzv au is more commonly associated with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (hzo) with or without skin rash affecting the distribution of the ophthalmic nerve due to reactivation of the latent vzv in the trigeminal ganglion. while it is typically a mild self-limiting au in primary infection, hzo au is often accompanied by ... | 2017 | 29023181 |
| diagnostic usefulness of varicella-zoster virus real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of dna in saliva and plasma specimens from patients with herpes zoster. | we evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis for detecting varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection and reactivation of vzv, using dna extracted from saliva and plasma specimens obtained from subjects with suspected herpes zoster and from healthy volunteers during stressful and nonstressful conditions. | 2017 | 29029120 |
| immunogenicity and safety of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine coadministered with seasonal influenza vaccine in adults aged 50 years or older. | the immunogenicity and safety of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit (hz/su) vaccine when coadministered with a quadrivalent seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine (iiv4) was investigated in a phase 3, open-label, randomized clinical trial in adults aged ≥50 years. | 2017 | 29029224 |
| more evidence is needed to show any role of cytomegalovisrus and varicella zoster virus in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. | 2017 | 29030049 | |
| dna methylation patterns are related to co-morbidity status and circulating c-reactive protein levels in the nursing home elderly. | elderly residents of long-term care commonly exhibit a number of age-related health deficits, including impaired physical and cognitive function, chronic illnesses, and chronic inflammation. given our previous data relating the phenotype and function of innate and adaptive leukocytes from the nursing home elderly to chronic conditions and inflammatory biomarkers, we hypothesized that these factors would influence the regulatory programming of immune cells, thereby contributing to immune dysfunct ... | 2017 | 29032243 |
| varicella zoster virus - need for better infection prevention and control. | 2017 | 29043719 | |
| human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons are highly permissive for varicella-zoster virus lytic infection. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is highly cell associated when grown in culture and has a much higher (4,000- to 20,000-fold increased) particle-to-pfu ratio in vitro than herpes simplex virus (hsv). in contrast, vzv is highly infectious in vivo by airborne transmission. neurons are major targets for vzv in vivo; in neurons, the virus can establish latency and reactivate to produce infectious virus. using neurons derived from human embryonic stem cells (hesc) and cell-free wild-type (wt) vzv, we de ... | 2018 | 29046461 |
| varicella and herpes zoster vaccine development: lessons learned. | before vaccination, varicella zoster virus (vzv), which is endemic worldwide, led to almost universal infection. this neurotropic virus persists lifelong by establishing latency in sensory ganglia, where its reactivation is controlled by vzv-specific t-cell immunity. lifetime risk of vzv reactivation (zoster) is around 30%. vaccine development was galvanised by the economic and societal burden of vzv, including debilitating zoster complications that largely affect older individuals. areas covere ... | 2017 | 29047317 |
| projections of zoster incidence in australia based on demographic and transmission models of varicella-zoster virus infection. | re-exposure to varicella infection is believed to delay the occurrence of herpes zoster (hz), which has led to predictions of increased hz following introduction of varicella vaccination programs. however, there is evidence of rising hz rates before vaccination was introduced. here, we explore a potential explanation for this effect through demographic change leading to reductions in varicella exposure and boosting in the context of australia over the 20th century. to study this hypothesis, we i ... | 2017 | 29050801 |
| studies with herpes zoster vaccines in immune compromised patients. | the active component of the herpes zoster vaccine (zvl), licensed for people ≥50 years of age, is a live attenuated varicella-zoster virus. zvl is contraindicated for immune compromised individuals, with limited regard to the degree of immunosuppression. areas covered: this review evaluates phase i and ii and observational studies for zvl, and published reports of the off-label use of zvl, for conditions and therapies for which investigators considered the risk-benefit for using zvl to be favora ... | 2017 | 29053937 |
| investigation of an outbreak of varicella in chandigarh, north india, using a real-time polymerase chain reaction approach. | outbreaks of varicella are reported when susceptible population accumulates. this study reports a chickenpox outbreak in burail in august 2014, wherein 20 laboratory-confirmed cases were identified by the detection of varicella zoster virus (vzv) dna and vzv igm antibodies. the viral load between vesicular swabs and serum samples from 8 patients with active lesions was found to have good correlation and further also related with disease severity. real-time polymerase chain reaction can be useful ... | 2017 | 29063890 |
| epidemiological profile of acute viral encephalitis. | to study the etiology and clinico-epidemiological profile of acute viral encephalitis in children with acute encephalitis syndrome (aes). | 2017 | 29076102 |
| pharmacokinetic evaluation of the interactions of amenamevir (asp2151) with ketoconazole, rifampicin, midazolam, and warfarin in healthy adults. | amenamevir is a nonnucleoside antiherpes virus compound available for treating herpes zoster infections. four studies aimed to determine any potential interactions between amenamevir and ketoconazole, rifampicin, midazolam, or warfarin in healthy male participants. | 2017 | 29076107 |
| a randomized lot-to-lot immunogenicity consistency study of the candidate zoster vaccine hz/su. | the risk of developing herpes zoster (hz) increases with age and is thought to be associated with a decrease in cell-mediated immunity in older adults. the adjuvanted varicella-zoster virus (vzv) glycoprotein e (ge) recombinant subunit vaccine (hz/su) showed >90% efficacy in the prevention of hz when administered in adults ≥50 years of age. here we aim to evaluate immunogenicity consistency of 3 different hz/su vaccine lots and to assess safety of these lots. | 2017 | 29079101 |
| herpes zoster in the older adult. | herpes zoster (hz) is the result of reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus (vzv) and occurs most frequently in older adults. classically, hz presents as a unilateral, selflimited, dermatomal rash. postherpetic neuralgia (phn) is a common sequela, presenting as severe pain that persists after the rash has resolved. in the elderly, phn can be debilitating and requires a prompt diagnosis, treatment with antivirals, and adequate pain control. a longer-term pain management strategy is required ... | 2017 | 29079160 |
| herpes zoster meningitis in immunocompetent children: two case reports and a literature review. | we encountered two cases of herpes zoster (hz) meningitis, a rarely occurring complication of hz, in previously healthy children. one patient treated with i.v. acyclovir (acv, 31 mg/kg/day) did not recover. his symptoms were relieved somewhat by increased acv dosage, but it caused transient renal dysfunction. another patient treated with i.v. acv (30 mg/kg/day) recovered. treatment for hz meningitis in immunocompetent children has not been established. in a literature review, 80% of 20 patients ... | 2017 | 29081071 |