Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| ovicidal and adulticidal effects of monoterpenoids against permethrin-resistant human head lice, pediculus humanus capitis. | the improper use of pediculicides containing permethrin has led to the development of resistance. thus, new alternatives for control are needed. plant-derived insecticides are attractive alternatives to common chemical insecticides because most of them are environmentally friendly and non-toxic to mammals. the toxic activity of 23 monoterpenoids belonging to several chemical classes was tested against the eggs of permethrin-resistant head lice, pediculus humanus capitis de geer (phthiraptera: pe ... | 2008 | 19120961 |
| uk childhood exposures to pesticides 2004-2007: a toxbase toxicovigilance study. | there are no systematic methods for toxicovigilance of non-medicinal products in the uk. this is particularly relevant for pesticides, where there is significant public concern about potential adverse effects. this study describes a prospective toxicovigilance scheme based on follow-up of enquiries to the national poisons information service (npis) through its online poisons information system toxbase. these enquiries reflect acute exposures and the patterns of acute illness that result. | 2009 | 19131421 |
| parasitiosis in handicapped children in an egyptian blind asylum. | examination of visually handicapped children and their serving staff revealed in a descending order enterobius vermicularis, giardia lamblia, entamoeba histolytica, hymenolepis nana, ascaris lumbricoides, cryptospodium parvum, tricocephalus trichura and strongyloides stercoralis. head lice were encountered. but, neither blood parasites nor protozoan infective agent in water for human consumption. | 2008 | 19143142 |
| epidemiology of pediculosis capitis in elementary schools of buenos aires, argentina. | the infestation with the human obligate ectoparasite pediculus humanus capitis de geer is a common public health problem affecting mainly schoolchildren worldwide. the aim of the present study was to investigate the infestation levels of head lice in elementary schools from buenos aires with resistant levels to permethrin >100. a total of 1,856 children aged 3-13 years old from eight selected elementary schools were examined for head lice. pediculosis was observed in all the studied schools. the ... | 2009 | 19148682 |
| pesticide resistant head lice. interview by jennifer ford. | 2008 | 19181178 | |
| prevalence of kdr-like mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in human head louse populations in japan. | pyrethroid insecticides play very important roles in the control of pediculosis, which is caused by human head louse (pediculus humanus capitis de geer) worldwide. the development of head louse resistance to pyrethroid pediculicides has become a global issue during the last two decades. pyrethroid resistance is associated with amino acid substitutions in the alpha-subunit of the para-sodium channel gene; these substitutions are termed kdr-like mutations. the frequencies of four mutations (d11e, ... | 2009 | 19198520 |
| head louse infestations in yemen: prevalence and risk factors determination among primary schoolchildren, al-mahweet governorate, yemen. | this study assessed the prevalence and human risk factors associated with head lice infestation. a total of 860 children, 474 (55.1%) boys and 386 (44.9%) girls, with ages ranged from 6-14 years with mean of 9.2 +/- 1.7 year were studied. they were selected from four governmental primary schools of different socioeconomic in urban and rural districts representing al mahweet governorate. the children were subjected to questionnaire and physical examination by visual inspections of scalp and hair ... | 2008 | 19209759 |
| apes, lice and prehistory. | although most epidemic human infectious diseases are caused by recently introduced pathogens, cospeciation of parasite and host is commonplace for endemic infections. occasional host infidelity, however, provides the endemic parasite with an opportunity to survive the potential extinction of its host. such infidelity may account for the survival of certain types of human lice, and it is currently exemplified by viruses such as hiv. | 2009 | 19232074 |
| the mode of action of dimeticone 4% lotion against head lice, pediculus capitis. | treatment of head lice using physically acting preparations based on silicones is currently replacing insecticide use due to widespread resistance to neurotoxic agents. it has been postulated that some products act by asphyxiation, although the limited experimental evidence and the anatomy of the louse respiratory system suggest this is unlikely. | 2009 | 19232080 |
| pediculus humanus capitis (head lice) and pediculus humanus humanus (body lice): response to laboratory temperature and humidity and susceptibility to monoterpenoids. | human pediculosis is produced by pediculus humanus humanus (linnaeus 1758) and pediculus humanus capitis (de geer 1767). laboratory-reared body lice, susceptible to insecticides, were used as reference in toxicological studies on head lice. in this work, we evaluated the survival of both subspecies at different temperatures and relative humidities and we propose the optimal conditions for comparative bioassays. moreover, we used these conditions to test the activity of three monoterpenoids again ... | 2009 | 19242723 |
| current treatments for pediculosis capitis. | following the increase in prevalence of head lice during the 1990s, research interest in human louse infestation is now greater than at any time since world war i. problems with treatment, resulting from the selection of populations of lice resistant to insecticides by overuse of some types of product, have triggered an interest in the development of novel therapeutic agents. | 2009 | 19283911 |
| accuracy of diagnosis of pediculosis capitis: visual inspection vs wet combing. | to determine the diagnostic accuracy of visual inspection and wet combing in pediculosis capitis (head lice infestation). visual inspection of 5 predilection sites (temples, behind the ears, and neck) was performed first, followed by wet combing of hair moistened with conditioner. presence of mobile stages was defined as active infestation, presence of nits alone as historic infestation. | 2009 | 19289764 |
| ovicidal and adulticidal activities of origanum majorana essential oil constituents against insecticide-susceptible and pyrethroid/malathion-resistant pediculus humanus capitis (anoplura: pediculidae). | the toxicity of essential oil constituents from marjoram, origanum majorana, to eggs and adult females of the susceptible kr-hl and dual malathion- and permethrin-resistant br-hl strains of human head louse, pediculus humanus capitis, was examined using contact + fumigant mortality bioassay. results were compared with those following treatment with two pyrethroid pediculicides, d-phenothrin or pyrethrum. as judged by the lethal time to 50% mortality (lt(50)) values at the exposure rate of 0.25 m ... | 2009 | 19292466 |
| scanning electron microscopy of legs of two species of sucking lice (anoplura: phthiraptera). | pretarsal, tarsal and tibial structures of the forelegs, midlegs and hindlegs of pediculus humanus of humans and of haematopinus apri goureau, 1866 (phthiraptera), a parasite of feral hogs, were studied using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. details of the tibial thumb-like process (tl) with the spine of the thumb (spn), tarsal apophysis (ta) and the coupled finger-like process (cfl) can be observed in the leg photomicrograph of both species. a frontal view of the leg in open p ... | 2009 | 19334295 |
| the single mitochondrial chromosome typical of animals has evolved into 18 minichromosomes in the human body louse, pediculus humanus. | the mitochondrial (mt) genomes of animals typically consist of a single circular chromosome that is approximately 16-kb long and has 37 genes. our analyses of the sequence reads from the human body louse genome project and the patterns of gel electrophoresis and southern hybridization revealed a novel type of mt genome in the sucking louse, pediculus humanus. instead of having all mt genes on a single chromosome, the 37 mt genes of this louse are on 18 minicircular chromosomes. each minicircular ... | 2009 | 19336451 |
| comparison of two combs in the detection of head lice in school children. | the diagnostic efficacies of two metal pin lice combs having different spacing between their teeth were compared in two cohorts of school children, aged between 7 and 15 years, from different villages of manisa, turkey. head lice infestation was evaluated with comb a (0.18 mm of distance between the teeth) in 95 children in cavusoglu village, and with comb b (0.15 mm of distance between the teeth) in 146 children in yesilköy village, compared to visual inspection. five of 95 (5.3%) children in c ... | 2009 | 19367547 |
| reconstructing the phylogeny of 21 completely sequenced arthropod species based on their motor proteins. | motor proteins have extensively been studied in the past and consist of large superfamilies. they are involved in diverse processes like cell division, cellular transport, neuronal transport processes, or muscle contraction, to name a few. vertebrates contain up to 60 myosins and about the same number of kinesins that are spread over more than a dozen distinct classes. | 2009 | 19383156 |
| patient education series: head lice. | 2009 | 19395932 | |
| update on treatments for head lice. | head lice infestation is common, and mainly affects children of primary school age. treatments include conventional chemical insecticides; fine tooth louse combs; and fluid preparations that work by a physical rather than chemical mode of action. however, each of these fails to eradicate head lice in some patients. other disadvantages include the long contact time required for certain preparations e.g. 8 hours and the time commitment for combing regimens. isopropyl myristate 50% in cyclomethicon ... | 2009 | 19423676 |
| [ectoparasitoses in childhood]. | parasites are specialized creatures that live totally or in part at the expense of other species. relevant to the skin are ectoparasites, especially arthropods and worms, which live permanently (scabies mites, head lice) or temporarily (bugs, fleas, ticks, harvest mites, cercaria) on or in the skin. during childhood pediculosis capitis, scabies, reactions to insect bites, trombidioses, and cercarial dermatitis play the most important role and are described below. | 2009 | 19430751 |
| head lice infestations: a clinical update. | 2008 | 19436525 | |
| head lice. | 2008 | 19436526 | |
| head lice. | head lice can only be diagnosed by finding live lice, as eggs take 7 days to hatch and may appear viable for weeks after death of the egg. infestation may be more likely in school children, with risks increased in children with more siblings, longer hair, and of lower socioeconomic group. methods and outcomes: we conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical question: what are the effects of treatments for head lice? we searched: medline, embase, the cochrane library, ... | 2009 | 19445766 |
| bartonella quintana in body lice and head lice from homeless persons, san francisco, california, usa. | bartonella quintana is a bacterium that causes trench fever in humans. past reports have shown bartonella spp. infections in homeless populations in san francisco, california, usa. the california department of public health in collaboration with san francisco project homeless connect initiated a program in 2007 to collect lice from the homeless to test for b. quintana and to educate the homeless and their caregivers on prevention and control of louse-borne disease. during 2007-2008, 33.3% of bod ... | 2009 | 19523290 |
| getting the bugs out: fda approves new treatment for head lice... | 2009 | 19530262 | |
| ecology of rickettsia in south america. | until the year 2000, only three rickettsia species were known in south america: (i) rickettsia rickettsii, transmitted by the ticks amblyomma cajennense, and amblyomma aureolatum, reported in colombia, argentina, and brazil, where it is the etiological agent of rocky mountain spotted fever; (ii) rickettsia prowazekii, transmitted by body lice and causing epidemic typhus in highland areas, mainly in peru; (iii) rickettsia typhi, transmitted by fleas and causing endemic typhus in many countries. d ... | 2009 | 19538276 |
| typhus and other rickettsioses: emerging infections in germany. | rickettsioses are diseases caused by rickettsiae, obligate intracellular bacteria that are transmitted by arthropods to humans. they cause various types of spotted fever and typhus. | 2009 | 19547738 |
| treatment of head lice. | pediculosis capitis, or head lice, is a common infestation among children worldwide. multiple therapies exist for the treatment of this condition, including topical pediculicides and oral medications. when used in combination with environmental decontamination, these drugs can be very effective in eradicating head lice infestation without significant adverse events. the present study discusses the use of available over-the-counter and prescription treatments, including pyrethroids and permethrin ... | 2009 | 19580574 |
| evolution of the gene lineage encoding the carbon dioxide receptor in insects. | a heterodimer of the insect chemoreceptors gr21a and gr63a has been shown to be the carbon dioxide receptor in drosophila melanogaster (meigen) (diptera: drosophilidae). comparison of the genes encoding these two proteins across the 12 available drosophilid fly genomes allows refined definition of their n-termini. these genes are highly conserved, along with a paralog of gr21a, in the anopheles gambiae, aedes aegypti, and culex pipiens mosquitoes, as well as in the silk moth bombyx mori and the ... | 2009 | 19613462 |
| head lice treatments: searching for the path of least resistance. | based on the dialogue "head lice" between drs kimberly d. morel and stephen stone. dialogues in dermatology, a monthly audio program from the american academy of dermatology, contains discussions between dermatologists on timely topics. commentaries from dialogues editor-in-chief warren r. heymann, md, are provided after each discussion as a topic summary and are provided here as a special service to readers of the journal of the american academy of dermatology. | 2009 | 19615542 |
| [ectoparasites. part 1: lice and fleas]. | ectoparasites and epidermal parasitic skin diseases are a heterogeneous group of infections of the external layer of the skin. the most common forms world-wide are scabies, lice (pediculosis capitis, corporis, vestimentorum and pubis), tungiasis and the hookworm-associated larva migrans cutanea. the head louse is the most widespread parasite in children in germany. the symptoms, apart from pruritus, eczematous skin eruptions and ictus reactions of the skin, are often unspecific and many differen ... | 2009 | 19633823 |
| benzyl alcohol lotion for head lice. | 2009 | 19636288 | |
| efficacy of permethrin treated long-lasting insecticidal nets on malaria transmission and observations on the perceived side effects, collateral benefits and human safety in a hyperendemic tribal area of orissa, india. | studies were conducted on the efficacy of olyset nets-a long-lasting insecticidal net (llin) factory treated with 2% (w/w) permethrin on malaria transmission in an area under the influence of pyrethroid susceptible vector species anopheles culicifacies and a. fluviatilis in sundargarh district, orissa, india. the study area comprised 22 villages that were randomized into three clusters and designated as olyset net, untreated net, and no net area. malaria incidence in the study population was mea ... | 2009 | 19647715 |
| the impact of well-developed preventative strategies on the eradication of head lice. | in the 1970s donaldson applied the principles of infectious disease surveillance to pediculosis capitis infestation with head lice. this provided a lasting insight into an effective strategy for prevention. research in teesside, uk, proved that the first step in breaking the chain of transmission is the engagement of parents in an intensive detection/treatment campaign. united action halved the infestation rate, even though failing lindane treatments were in use. subsequently although effective ... | 2009 | 19650551 |
| malathion for head lice and scabies: treatment and safety considerations. | malathion is an under-recognized and under-utilized therapy for head lice and scabies largely due to misperceptions about its safety profile. specifically, its pure form as it exists in pharmaceutical preparations is non-toxic to humans in the low doses available. while labeled for ages six and up, recent studies showed no cholinesterase inhibition in head lice patients aged two-to-six treated with malathion. flammability of malathion in isopropyl alcohol has reportedly resulted in human injury ... | 2009 | 19663108 |
| head lice infestations: a clinical update. | 2004 | 19675856 | |
| efficacy and safety of spinosad and permethrin creme rinses for pediculosis capitis (head lice). | studies compared spinosad creme rinse and permethrin lice treatment under "actual-use" conditions for pediculosis capitis (head lice). | 2009 | 19706558 |
| evolutionary conservation and changes in insect trp channels. | trp (transient receptor potential) channels respond to diverse stimuli and thus function as the primary integrators of varied sensory information. they are also activated by various compounds and secondary messengers to mediate cell-cell interactions as well as to detect changes in the local environment. their physiological roles have been primarily characterized only in mice and fruit flies, and evolutionary studies are limited. to understand the evolution of insect trp channels and the mechani ... | 2009 | 19740447 |
| head lice treatments and school policies in the us in an era of emerging resistance: a cost-effectiveness analysis. | head lice are a common infection in school-age children worldwide. several authorities in the us have recommended different treatments and school policies in order to control this disease. recent concerns of emerging lice resistance worldwide raise the necessity to reassess the current recommendations. | 2009 | 19757866 |
| a policy change strategy for head lice management. | the purpose of this project was to formulate an effective change strategy for head lice management in a group of five separate school districts within one county. despite a desire to use evidence to support their practice, school nurses often encounter educational system barriers that prevent independent management of health conditions. the use of collaborative community relationships, identification of underlying hierarchy structures in school policy development, and targeted system education w ... | 2009 | 19776228 |
| molecular detection of bartonella quintana in human body lice from mexico city. | 2009 | 19793127 | |
| direct evidence of the cyclooxygenase pathway of prostaglandin synthesis in arthropods: genetic and biochemical characterization of two crustacean cyclooxygenases. | prostaglandins, well-known lipid mediators in vertebrate animals, have also shown to play certain regulatory roles in insects and other arthropods acting on reproduction, immune system and ion transport. however, knowledge of their biosynthetic pathways in arthropods is lacking. in the present study, we report the cloning and expression of cyclooxygenase (cox) from amphipod crustaceans gammarus spp and caprella spp. the amphipod cox proteins contain key residues shown to be important for cycloox ... | 2009 | 19854273 |
| the distribution of rickettsia in the tissues of insects and arachnids. | in the absence of a satisfactory definition of rickettsia the observations herein recorded were arbitrarily limited to bacterium-like organisms which are intracellular and gram-negative. rickettsia of this type were found in the following species: amblyomma americana, amblyomma hebraeum, boophilus decoloratus, atomus sp., casinaria infesta, chrysopa oculata, ctenocephalus canis, dermacentor variabilis, lepisma saccharina, lucoppia curviseta, margaropus annulatus, margaropus annulatus australis, ... | 1923 | 19868737 |
| the transmission of the virus of mexican typhus from rat to rat by polyplax spinulosus. | polyplax spinulosus, the common rat louse, is easily infected with the virus of typhus by feeding on infected rats. as in the case of pediculus humanus, such feedings are followed by the appearance of large numbers of rickettsia prowazeki within the gut of the insect. the virus of mexican typhus can be transmitted from rat to rat by polyplax spinulosus by methods of feeding simulating natural conditions. it seems, therefore, that this ectoparasite is an important factor in maintaining an endozoi ... | 1931 | 19869940 |
| the experimental infection of the human body louse, pediculus humanus corporis, with murine and epidemic louse-borne typhus strains. | experiments are described which demonstrate that human body lice (pediculus humanus corporis), were infected experimentally with murine and epidemic louse-borne strains of typhus fever by feeding on suitably prepared rabbits. details of the two methods of infection, the "bleb technique" and the "i.v. technique," are presented. it is concluded that the experimental infection of human lice with typhus can be accomplished very easily and rapidly with these methods. the possible applications of the ... | 1945 | 19871482 |
| review of zoonotic parasites in medical and veterinary fields in the republic of korea. | zoonotic parasites are animal parasites that can infect humans. the major zoonotic protozoa in the republic of korea are babesia bovis, chilomastix mesnili, cryptosporidium parvum, endolimax nana, entamoeba coli, entamoeba hitolytica, giardia lamblia, iodamoeba bütschlii, pneumocystis carinii, sarcocystis cruzi, and toxoplasma gondii. the major zoonotic helminths in korea include trematodes, cestodes, and nematodes. trematodes are clonorchis sinensis, echinostoma hortense, echinostoma spp., fasc ... | 2009 | 19885329 |
| relapsing fever--a forgotten disease revealed. | borrelial relapsing fever was once a major worldwide epidemic disease that made a significant impact on livingstone during his epic travels through africa and throughout europe. indeed, the term 'relapsing fever' was first used to describe clinical cases of this disease in edinburgh. during the last century, we have witnessed the demise of the louse-borne infection, largely through improving standards of living resulting in a reduction in body lice, the vector for borrelia recurrentis [louse-bor ... | 2010 | 19886891 |
| eucalyptus essential oil toxicity against permethrin-resistant pediculus humanus capitis (phthiraptera: pediculidae). | during the past decades, chemical control against the head louse pediculus humanus capitis de geer has been based in the application of products containing permethrin. the repetitive overuse of pediculicides has resulted in the development of high levels of resistance to one or more of these products worldwide. essential oils obtained from aromatic plants like eucalyptus are good and safe alternatives due to their low toxicity to mammals and easy biodegradability. in the present study, we report ... | 2010 | 19902249 |
| comparative in vitro tests on the efficacy and safety of 13 anti-head-lice products. | head lice are an emerging social problem, not only in economically poor countries but also in practically all other societies. several of the common anti-louse products have lost--at least in part--their efficacy due to increasing resistance of lice against insecticides such as permethrin or allethrin. other compounds, like lindan, were redrawn or banned due to high toxicity. some recently developed products are based on dimethicones or cyclomethicones and turned out to be easily inflammable. ot ... | 2010 | 19908068 |
| head lice--new options for treatment. | 2009 | 19916186 | |
| activity of increased specific and non-specific esterases and glutathione transferases associated with resistance to permethrin in pediculus humanus capitis (phthiraptera: pediculidae) from argentina. | enhanced metabolism by oxidative enzymes is a major cause of pyrethroid resistance in insects. in this work, we evaluated the role of specific and non-specific esterases in head louse populations from buenos aires with different levels of resistance to permethrin. as esterase activity is substrate-dependent, four different esters were used as unspecific substrates in order to obtain a better characterization of the possible role of these enzymes in the resistance phenomenon. the unspecific subst ... | 2010 | 19921258 |
| efficacy of a grapefruit extract on head lice: a clinical trial. | twenty children aging 2-9 years old--four boys with short hair and 16 girls with long hair--were included in a clinical test on the efficacy of a product against head lice (pediculus humanus capitis). their hair were exposed to licatack, which is a recently developed new anti-louse medicinal product containing extracts of grapefruits besides high quality shampoo components. prior to this field trial, the product licatack was tested dermatologically to be skin safe receiving the grade "very good" ... | 2010 | 19943066 |
| treatment of head lice with dimeticone 4% lotion: comparison of two formulations in a randomised controlled trial in rural turkey. | dimeticone 4% lotion was shown to be an effective treatment for head louse infestation in two randomised controlled trials in england. it is not affected by insecticide resistance but efficacy obtained (70-75%) was lower than expected. this study was designed to evaluate efficacy of dimeticone 4% lotion in a geographically, socially, and culturally different setting, in rural turkey and, in order to achieve blinding, it was compared with a potential alternative formulation. | 2009 | 19951427 |
| in vitro screening of anti-lice activity of pongamia pinnata leaves. | growing patterns of pediculocidal drug resistance towards head louse laid the foundation for research in exploring novel anti-lice agents from medicinal plants. in the present study, various extracts of pongamia pinnata leaves were tested against the head louse pediculus humanus capitis. a filter paper diffusion method was conducted for determining the potential pediculocidal and ovicidal activity of chloroform, petroleum ether, methanol, and water extracts of p. pinnata leaves. the findings rev ... | 2009 | 19967085 |
| the treatment and prevention of head lice infestation. | 2009 | 19999418 | |
| a new two-phase dimeticone pediculicide shows high efficacy in a comparative bioassay. | dimeticones kill head lice by physical means. here we assessed in a comparative bioassay the ex vivo efficacy of "nyda sensitiv", a new two-phase dimeticone-based pediculicide similar to a product established on the market, but without fragrances. | 2009 | 20003435 |
| repellency against head lice (pediculus humanus capitis). | the head louse problem increases at all levels of the international societies due to activities or life conditions that lead to often hair contacts among people. lice occur exclusively on humans. thus, they avoid dropping down from a head and therefore accept even a bad smelling hair of new a host. due to this behaviour, there are only a few products on the markets which dare to claim a repellency activity that protects humans from infestation with head lice. the present study shows that a combi ... | 2010 | 20054562 |
| impact of ivermectin drug combinations on pediculus humanus capitis infestation in primary schoolchildren of south indian rural villages. | antifilarial drug combinations including ivermectin provide antifilarial activity with ancillary benefits on intestinal helminths and ectoparasites, such as chiggers and lice. the impact of single oral dose of antifilarial drugs, viz; (1) diethylcarbamazine (dec) alone, (ii) dec + albendazole (alb), (iii) ivermectin (ivr) + dec and (iv) ivr + alb, was determined, on the head louse (pediculus humanus capitis) in primary school children in a rural community in south india. | 2009 | 20064176 |
| discovery of a novel insect neuropeptide signaling system closely related to the insect adipokinetic hormone and corazonin hormonal systems. | neuropeptides and their g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) play a central role in the physiology of insects. one large family of insect neuropeptides are the adipokinetic hormones (akhs), which mobilize lipids and carbohydrates from the insect fat body. other peptides are the corazonins that are structurally related to the akhs but represent a different neuropeptide signaling system. we have previously cloned an orphan gpcr from the malaria mosquito anopheles gambiae that was structurally inter ... | 2010 | 20068045 |
| health problems among the street children of dharan municipality. | the street children, a marginalised and vulnerable population to poor health, have grown all over the world and also in our country. the continuous exposure to harsh environment and nature of their life style threatens their mental, physical, social and spiritual well being. with the increasing number the problem is also growing at an alarming proportion. it is therefore important to have baseline data on their health problems. | 2009 | 20071876 |
| determination, mechanism and monitoring of knockdown resistance in permethrin-resistant human head lice, pediculus humanus capitis. | permethrin resistance has been reported worldwide and clinical failures to commercial pediculicides containing permethrin have likewise occurred. permethrin resistance in head lice populations from the u.s. is widespread but is not yet uniform and the level of resistance is relatively low (~4-8 fold). permethrin-resistant lice are cross-resistant to pyrethrins, pbo-synergized pyrethrins and to ddt. nix((r)), when applied to human hair tufts following manufacture's instructions, did not provide 1 ... | 2009 | 20161186 |
| generating physical symptoms from visual cues: an experimental study. | this experimental study explored whether the physical symptoms of cold, pain and itchiness could be generated by visual cues, whether they varied in the ease with which they could be generated and whether they were related to negative affect. participants were randomly allocated by group to watch one of three videos relating to cold (e.g. ice, snow, wind), pain (e.g. sporting injuries, tattoos) or itchiness (e.g. head lice, scratching). they then rated their self-reported symptoms of cold, pain ... | 2009 | 20183542 |
| [metal microchanelled fine-toothed comb use in the diagnosis of pediculosis]. | methods for the diagnosis of pediculus humanus var. capitis are controversial and most studies are based on direct visual exam. | 2009 | 20191173 |
| the clinical trials supporting benzyl alcohol lotion 5% (ulesfia): a safe and effective topical treatment for head lice (pediculosis humanus capitis). | benzyl alcohol lotion 5% (bal 5%) is a non-neurotoxic topical head lice treatment that is safe and effective in children as young as 6 months of age. the safety and efficacy of this pediculicide has been studied in 695 (confirm number) subjects in all phases of clinical development. scanning electron micrographs (sem) demonstrated that the active agent appears to stun the breathing spiracles open, enabling the vehicle to penetrate the respiratory mechanism (spiracles), therefore asphyxiating the ... | 2010 | 20199404 |
| update on emerging infections: news from the centers for disease control and prevention. bartonella quintana in body lice and head lice from homeless persons, san francisco, california, usa. | 2010 | 20201124 | |
| oral ivermectin versus malathion lotion for difficult-to-treat head lice. | head-lice infestation is prevalent worldwide, especially in children 3 to 11 years old. topical insecticides (i.e., pyrethroids and malathion) used as a lotion, applied twice at an interval of 7 to 11 days, are typically used for treatment. resistance of lice to insecticides, particularly pyrethroids, results in treatment failure. the efficacy of alternative agents is controversial. | 2010 | 20220184 |
| reaction of the human body louse (pediculus humanus corporis) to the ingestion of guinea pig blood. | 1947 | 20239448 | |
| mass infection of body lice with rickettsia prowazeki. | 1947 | 20239449 | |
| recent work on the louse (pediculus humanus l.). | 1947 | 20267068 | |
| the comparative toxicity of various contact insecticides to the louse (pediculus humanus l.) and the bed-bug (cimex lectularius l.). | 1946 | 20276061 | |
| rearing body lice on rabbits. | 1946 | 20278202 | |
| ddt dust for the control of head lice. | 1947 | 20284813 | |
| [distribution of head lice in the erciş district of van.] | this study was carried out in order to to detect the prevalence of pediculus capitis in the erciş district of van between may and june, 2007. the study was performed on sixth, seventh and eighth grade schoolchildren between 12 and 15 years old who studied at the osmangazi primary school. all of the hair, especially on the neck and the back of the head was examined for the egg, nymph and imago stages of the parasite in 622 schoolchildren (196 females and 426 males) and samples were collected from ... | 2010 | 20340088 |
| genotyping of human lice suggests multiple emergencies of body lice from local head louse populations. | genetic analyses of human lice have shown that the current taxonomic classification of head lice (pediculus humanus capitis) and body lice (pediculus humanus humanus) does not reflect their phylogenetic organization. three phylotypes of head lice a, b and c exist but body lice have been observed only in phylotype a. head and body lice have different behaviours and only the latter have been involved in outbreaks of infectious diseases including epidemic typhus, trench fever and louse borne recurr ... | 2010 | 20351779 |
| response of pediculus humanus humanus (pediculidae: phthiraptera) to water or 70% ethanol immersion and determination of optimal times for measuring toxic effects. | human pediculosis is caused by pediculus humanus humanus (linnaeus 1758) and pediculus humanus capitis (de geer 1767). we studied the response of body lice to immersion in water and ethanol 70% and determined the optimal times for measuring knockdown and mortality. after immersion in water, all lice remained alive from 5 min to 22 h for both times of exposure. a low proportion of lice were affected after 2 min of immersion in ethanol in the 10-min exposure test, but recovered completely after 5 ... | 2010 | 20358227 |
| body lice, yersinia pestis orientalis, and black death. | 2010 | 20409400 | |
| a survey on knowledge and perceptions regarding head lice on a sample of teachers and students in primary schools of north and south of italy. | high rates of pediculosis are found in every part of the world. the age-range most affected is between 3 and 12 years. no-nit policies are ineffective in preventing infestations. on the other hand, misdiagnosis and overuse of pediculicides, increase resistance to treatment. lack of information leads people to consider this kind of infestation to be associated to low social classes and immigrants. this research has been implemented to find out about the information level on pediculosis on a sampl ... | 2009 | 20411647 |
| household-wide ivermectin treatment for head lice in an impoverished community: randomized observer-blinded controlled trial. | to generate evidence on the effectiveness of household-wide treatment for preventing the transmission of pediculosis capitis (head lice) in resource-poor communities. | 2010 | 20428365 |
| [when two human lice are now one]. | 2010 | 20455519 | |
| the efficacy of neem seed extracts (tre-san, mitestop on a broad spectrum of pests and parasites. | the paper summarizes the acaricidal and insecticidal effects of a patented neem seed extract when diluted 1:10 with shampoo or 1:20, 1:30, 1:33, 1:40, respectively, 1:66 with tap water. it was shown that a broad range of pests and parasites, such as house dust mites, poultry mites, harvest mites, ixodes and rhipicephalus ticks, cat fleas (adults, larvae), bed bugs (all stages), head lice and mallophaga, cockroaches (genera blatta, blattella, gomphadorhina), raptor bugs (triatoma), and even food- ... | 2010 | 20461406 |
| efficacy of chemical and botanical over-the-counter pediculicides available in brazil, and off-label treatments, against head lice ex vivo. | there is a lack of reliable data on the efficacy of over-the-counter (otc) pediculicides in brazil. | 2010 | 20465674 |
| chitinase-like proteins encoded in the genome of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum. | in insects, chitinases play an essential role in the degradation of old exoskeleton and turnover of the gut lining. in silico screening of the entire genome of the pea aphid (hemimetabola), acyrthosiphon pisum, detected nine genes encoding putative chitinase-like proteins, including six enzymatically active chitinases, one imaginal disc growth factor, and one endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase. screening of the genomes of aedes aegypti, anopheles gambiae, apis mellifera, bombyx mori, culex quinqu ... | 2010 | 20482649 |
| pyrethroid pediculicide resistance of head lice in canada evaluated by serial invasive signal amplification reaction. | most people in the united states and canada with pediculosis will be treated with neurotoxic pediculicides containing pyrethrins or pyrethroids. their widespread use led to significant resistance reported from various countries. although treatment failures are frequently observed in canada, the resistance frequency to pyrethroid pediculicide of human head lice (pediculus humanus capitis) has not been determined. | 2010 | 20487671 |
| treatment of human head lice infestations in a single application with a new galenic lotion. | synopsis to evaluate the efficiency and safety of a new galenic meta-emulsion for the treatment of human head lice (pediculus capitis) in a single application. a controlled clinical study was conducted comparing lice infestation and nit hatching observed before and after a treatment in a single application. eighty-two of the 87 children included completed the study. an infestation control was performed on 36 and 46 children, 8 and 24 h respectively after application. five days later, a meticulou ... | 2010 | 20491994 |
| efficacy of spray formulations containing binary mixtures of clove and eucalyptus oils against susceptible and pyrethroid/ malathion-resistant head lice (anoplura: pediculidae). | the control efficacy of clove, eugenia caryophyllata, and eucalyptus, eucalyptus globulus, essential oils and 15 formulations containing these essential oils alone (8, 12, and 15% sprays) and their binary mixtures (7:3, 5:5, and 3:7 by weight) against adult females of insecticide-susceptible kr-hl and dual malathion- and permethrin-resistant br-hl strains of head louse, pediculus humanus capitis (de geer), was examined by using contact plus fumigant and human hair wig (placed over the head of ma ... | 2010 | 20496586 |
| botanical repellents and pesticides traditionally used against hematophagous invertebrates in lao people's democratic republic: a comparative study of plants used in 66 villages. | hematophagous parasites such as leeches, ticks, mites, lice, bedbugs, mosquitoes, and myiasis-producing fly larvae are common health problems in lao people's democratic republic. several arthropod-borne infections, e.g., malaria, dengue fever, and japanese encephalitis, are endemic there. effective vector control methods including the use of pesticides, insecticide-treated bed nets, and synthetic and plant-based repellents are important means of control against such invertebrates and the pathoge ... | 2010 | 20496588 |
| human complement regulators c4b-binding protein and c1 esterase inhibitor interact with a novel outer surface protein of borrelia recurrentis. | the spirochete borrelia recurrentis is the causal agent of louse-borne relapsing fever and is transmitted to humans by the infected body louse pediculus humanus. we have recently demonstrated that the b. recurrentis surface receptor, hcpa, specifically binds factor h, the regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation, thereby inhibiting complement mediated bacteriolysis. here, we show that b. recurrentis spirochetes express another potential outer membrane lipoprotein, termed cih ... | 2010 | 20532227 |
| decreased detoxification genes and genome size make the human body louse an efficient model to study xenobiotic metabolism. | the human body louse, pediculus humanus humanus, has one of the smallest insect genomes, containing ∼10 775 annotated genes. annotation of detoxification [cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (p450), glutathione-s-transferase (gst), esterase (est) and atp-binding cassette transporter (abc transporter)] genes revealed that they are dramatically reduced in p. h. humanus compared to other insects except for apis mellifera. there are 37 p450, 13 gst and 17 est genes present in p. h. humanus, approximately ... | 2010 | 20561088 |
| determination of knockdown resistance allele frequencies in global human head louse populations using the serial invasive signal amplification reaction. | pediculosis is the most prevalent parasitic infestation of humans. resistance to pyrethrin- and pyrethroid-based pediculicides is due to knockdown (kdr)-type point mutations in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel alpha-subunit gene. early detection of resistance is crucial for the selection of effective management strategies. | 2010 | 20564731 |
| genome sequences of the human body louse and its primary endosymbiont provide insights into the permanent parasitic lifestyle. | as an obligatory parasite of humans, the body louse (pediculus humanus humanus) is an important vector for human diseases, including epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, and trench fever. here, we present genome sequences of the body louse and its primary bacterial endosymbiont candidatus riesia pediculicola. the body louse has the smallest known insect genome, spanning 108 mb. despite its status as an obligate parasite, it retains a remarkably complete basal insect repertoire of 10,773 protein-cod ... | 2010 | 20566863 |
| ivermectin versus malathion for head lice. | 2010 | 20573934 | |
| prevalence of scabies and head lice among students of secondary boarding schools in kuching, sarawak, malaysia. | 2010 | 20574407 | |
| human lice-pediculus humanus and phthirus pubis. | 1964 | 20604189 | |
| community dermatology in debre markos: an attempt to define children's dermatological needs in a rural area of ethiopia. | skin diseases are very common in rural and urban areas in developing countries. knowledge of the real frequency of the dermatological problems of ethiopian children could help plan future intervention for early diagnosis and low cost "good practice" therapies. | 2010 | 20618472 |
| severe iron deficiency anemia and lice infestation. | background: lice infestation is a commonly encountered disorder in emergency medicine. the louse survives from a blood meal from its host; hence, iron deficiency anemia is a theoretic possibility. a limited number of reports of severe iron deficiency anemia have appeared in the veterinary literature, but a thorough review of the medical literature did not reveal a single instance in human beings. objective: we report a small case series of patients with heavy louse infestation and profound iron ... | 2010 | 20656443 |
| head lice. | head lice infestation is associated with limited morbidity but causes a high level of anxiety among parents of school-aged children. since the 2002 clinical report on head lice was published by the american academy of pediatrics, patterns of resistance to products available over-the-counter and by prescription have changed, and additional mechanical means of removing head lice have been explored. this revised clinical report clarifies current diagnosis and treatment protocols and provides guidan ... | 2010 | 20660553 |
| effects of blood type and blood handling on feeding success, longevity and egg production in the body louse, pediculus humanus humanus. | the effects of feeding different types of human blood to human body lice, pediculus humanus humanus l. (phthiraptera: pediculidae), on feeding success, longevity and numbers of eggs laid were investigated using an artificial blood-feeding system in the laboratory. no significant differences were found between lice fed on different human blood types for any of the parameters tested. however, when lice were fed on human blood of one blood type followed immediately by a different blood type, they t ... | 2011 | 20678099 |
| prevalence of pediculosis capitis among korean children. | pediculus humanus capitis is an ectoparasite, which causes scalp pruritus particularly among children. a total of 15,373 children including 8,018 boys and 7,355 girls from 26 primary schools and 15 kindergartens attached to the primary schools and a total of 33 children from an orphanage were examined for head lice infestation (hli). the overall prevalence of hli in this study was 4.1% including 3.7% of the urban areas and 4.7% of the rural areas. head lice were found more frequently in girls th ... | 2010 | 20683614 |
| what's bugging you? an update on the treatment of head lice infestation. | head lice infestation (pediculosis capitis) is a common problem in paediatric practice. it can cause considerable distress to children and their families and may lead to bullying and social stigmatisation. therapy with "conventional" topical pediculicides with neurotoxic mode of action-such as malathion, permethrin, phenothrin and carbaryl-is increasingly associated with treatment failure as a result of the emergence of resistance within the parasite population. this review provides an overview ... | 2011 | 20688849 |
| a randomized, assessor-blind, parallel-group, multicentre, phase iv comparative trial of a suffocant compared with malathion in the treatment of head lice in children. | there are concerns about the effectiveness of head lice treatments because of increasing resistance and safety. this trial compared the safety and efficacy of a suffocant-based head lice treatment to malathion in children. | 2010 | 20695855 |