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zika is not a reason for missing the olympic games in rio de janeiro: response to the open letter of dr attaran and colleagues to dr margaret chan, director - general, who, on the zika threat to the olympic and paralympic games.attaran and colleagues in an open letter to who expressed their concern about the upcoming olympic and paralympic games in rio de janeiro and the threat posed by the zika epidemic (attaran 2016). we agree that zika virus is of great public health concern and much remains to be known about this disease. care should be taken to reduce the risk of infection, especially to pregnant women. however, we argue that this is not sufficient reason for changing the original plans for the games, in particula ...027304097
potential risk of dengue and chikungunya outbreaks in northern italy based on a population model of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae).the rapid invasion and spread of aedes albopictus (skuse, 1894) within new continents and climatic ranges has created favorable conditions for the emergence of tropical arboviral diseases in the invaded areas. we used mosquito abundance data from 2014 collected across ten sites in northern italy to calibrate a population model for aedes albopictus and estimate the potential of imported human cases of chikungunya or dengue to generate the condition for their autochthonous transmission in the abse ...201627304211
zika virus disease in colombia - preliminary report.background colombia began official surveillance for zika virus disease (zvd) in august 2015. in october 2015, an outbreak of zvd was declared after laboratory-confirmed disease was identified in nine patients. methods using the national population-based surveillance system, we assessed patients with clinical symptoms of zvd from august 9, 2015, to april 2, 2016. laboratory test results and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated for a subgroup of pregnant women. concurrently, we investigated reports o ...201627305043
detection of chikungunya virus in saliva and urine.saliva and urine have been used for arthropod-borne viruses molecular detection but not yet for chikungunya virus (chikv). we investigated the use of saliva and urine for molecular detection of chikv during the french polynesian outbreak.201627306056
instrument-free point-of-care molecular detection of zika virus.the recent outbreak of zika virus (zikv) infection in the americas and its devastating impact on fetal development have prompted the world health organization (who) to declare the zikv pandemic as a public health emergency of international concern. rapid and reliable diagnostics for zikv are vital because zikv-infected individuals display no symptoms or nonspecific symptoms similar to other viral infections. because immunoassays lack adequate sensitivity and selectivity and are unable to identif ...201627306491
zika virus: what we know and do not know. 201627309781
zika virus: what we know and do not know. 201627309791
mosquito saliva increases endothelial permeability in the skin, immune cell migration, and dengue pathogenesis during antibody-dependent enhancement.dengue remains the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease in humans. while probing for blood vessels, aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes transmit the four serotypes of dengue virus (denv1-4) by injecting virus-containing saliva into the skin. even though arthropod saliva is known to facilitate transmission and modulate host responses to other pathogens, the full impact of mosquito saliva on dengue pathogenesis is still not well understood. inoculating mice lacking the interferon-α ...201627310141
sexual transmission of zika virus in germany, april 2016.zika virus (zikv), an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus, causes a mild dengue fever-like illness but has recently been associated with neurological disease and severe birth defects. the virus is currently causing a large epidemic in the americas. here, we report a male-to-female sexual transmission of zikv in germany in april 2016, following travel to puerto rico of the male patient, demonstrated by subsequent seroconversions and molecular identification of identical virus sequences from both p ...201627311329
clinical and spatial features of zika virus in mexico.zika virus (zikv) is an emerging arbovirus transmitted to humans by aedes mosquitoes, the same vectors that transmit dengue virus and chikungunya. recent work has suggested that prior infection with dengue could lead to more severe clinical disease in zikv patients. here, we describe the spatial distribution of and clinical symptoms experienced by zikv cases in mexico.201627311388
sexual transmission of zika virus in an entirely asymptomatic couple returning from a zika epidemic area, france, april 2016.the current zika virus outbreak and its potential severe health consequences, especially congenital fetal syndrome, have led to increased concern about sexual transmission, especially in pregnant women and women of reproductive age. here we report a case of zika virus sexual transmission, likely male-to-female, in a totally asymptomatic couple.201627311680
zika virus, the new kid on the block. 201627311776
prevention and control of zika as a mosquito-borne and sexually transmitted disease: a mathematical modeling analysis.the ongoing zika virus (zikv) epidemic in the americas poses a major global public health emergency. while zikv is transmitted from human to human by bites of aedes mosquitoes, recent evidence indicates that zikv can also be transmitted via sexual contact with cases of sexually transmitted zikv reported in argentina, canada, chile, france, italy, new zealand, peru, portugal, and the usa. yet, the role of sexual transmission on the spread and control of zikv infection is not well-understood. we i ...201627312324
longitudinal follow-up of zika virus rna in semen of a traveller returning from barbados to the netherlands with zika virus disease, march 2016.we report the longitudinal follow-up of zika virus (zikv) rna in semen of a traveller who developed zikv disease after return to the netherlands from barbados, march 2016. persistence of zikv rna in blood, urine, saliva and semen was followed until the loads reached undetectable levels. rna levels were higher in semen than in other sample types and declined to undetectable level at day 62 post onset of symptoms.201627313200
[zika virus, guilty or innocent?]. 201627314996
first-trimester intrauterine zika virus infection and brain pathology: prenatal and postnatal neuroimaging findings. 201627316349
zika virus epidemics in brazil: a broad view. 201627316385
heart rate and blood pressure in zika virus infection: findings? 201727316500
consequences of the zika outbreak in brazil.the zika virus has been spreading in south america for almost a year. sophie and pierre are spending a month in recife, brazil, to help out at a local health organisation.201627317825
considerations for the development of zika virus vaccines. 201627318417
single-step biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using zornia diphylla leaves: a potent eco-friendly tool against malaria and arbovirus vectors.mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) are vectors of important pathogens and parasites, including malaria, dengue, chikungunya, japanese encephalitis, lymphatic filariasis and zika virus. the application of synthetic insecticides causes development of resistance, biological magnification of toxic substances through the food chain, and adverse effects on the environment and human health. in this scenario, eco-friendly control tools of mosquito vectors are a priority. here single-step fabrication of sil ...201627318605
fact sheet on zika virus disease (updated on 2 june 2016). 201627319020
taking forward a 'one health' approach for turning the tide against the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other zoonotic pathogens with epidemic potential.the appearance of novel pathogens of humans with epidemic potential and high mortality rates have threatened global health security for centuries. over the past few decades new zoonotic infectious diseases of humans caused by pathogens arising from animal reservoirs have included west nile virus, yellow fever virus, ebola virus, nipah virus, lassa fever virus, hanta virus, dengue fever virus, rift valley fever virus, crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coron ...201627321961
what is the experience from previous mass gathering events? lessons for zika virus and the olympics 2016.all previous experiences from different mass gathering show that vaccine preventable diseases is the most important infections like influemza, hepatitis a, polio and meningitis. three mass gathering held in africa during the ebola outbreak accepted participants from west africa and was able to handle the theoretical risk without any incident. therefore we believe that the olympc games in rio de janeiro should not be canceled. the number of visitors to the games is a tine fraction (1%) of other v ...201627321962
what does zika virus mean for the children of the americas? 201627322491
clinical survey of dengue virus circulation in the republic of djibouti between 2011 and 2014 identifies serotype 3 epidemic and recommends clinical diagnosis guidelines for resource limited settings.dengue virus is endemic globally, throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions. while the number of epidemics due to the four denv serotypes is pronounced in east africa, the total number of cases reported in africa (16 million infections) remained at low levels compared to asia (70 million infections). the french armed forces health service provides epidemiological surveillance support in the republic of djibouti through the bouffard military hospital. between 2011 and 2014, clinical and biolog ...201627322644
zika virus infection; vertical transmission and foetal congenital anomalies.zika virus (zikv) is an arbovirus belonging to flaviviridae family that includes dengue, west nile, and yellow fever among others. zika virus was first discovered in 1947 in zika forest of uganda. it is a vector borne disease, which has been sporadically reported mostly from africa, pacific islands and southeast asia since its discovery. zikv infection presents as a mild illness with symptoms lasting for several days to a week after the bite of an infected mosquito. majority of the patients have ...201627323550
'another vector borne challenge to combat- zika virus outbreaks'.zika virus is a single-stranded rna virus of the flaviviridae family. it is known to transmit to humans primarily through the bite of an infected aedes species mosquito which is also known to carry dengue, chikungunya & yellow fever virus. transmission is anthroponotic (human-to-vector-to-human) during outbreaks, perinatally in utero, sexually and via infected blood transfusion. it is mild and self-limiting infection lasting for several days to a week. however, it is suspected as a cause of guil ...201627323600
consortia's critical role in developing medical countermeasures for re-emerging viral infections: a usa perspective.viral infections, such as ebola, severe acute respiratory syndrome/middle east respiratory syndrome and west nile virus have emerged as a serious health threat with no effective therapies. these infections have little commercial potential and are not a high priority for the pharmaceutical industry. however, the academic community has been active in this area for many years. the challenge is how to take this academic virology knowledge into a drug discovery and development domain. one approach is ...201627325914
european commission horizon 2020 programme call for vaccine development research into malaria and neglected infectious diseases, including zika virus. 201627326435
zika virus and its potential re-emergence in malaysia.zika virus (zikv) has re-emerged to cause explosive epidemics in the pacific and latin america, and appears to be associated with severe neurological complications including microcephaly in babies. zikv is transmitted to humans by aedes mosquitoes, principally ae. aegypti, and there is historical evidence of zikv circulation in southeast asia. it is therefore clear that malaysia is at risk of similar outbreaks. local and international guidelines are available for surveillance, diagnostics, and m ...201627326944
thousands of pregnant women in puerto rico are at risk of zika virus infection, cdc warns. 201627328974
revisiting zika (and rubella).three months after the world health organization declared the epidemic of zika virus infections to be a public health emergency of international concern, we can look back at what we have learned and prospects for controlling the disease. although zika virus infections may explain many cases of brain damage in newborns, it may not be the only cause. we need a clear association between confirmed cases of zika infections in pregnant women and microcephaly in newborns. until we reach a firm conclusi ...201627329509
probable transfusion-transmitted zika virus in brazil.zika virus (zikv) is an emerging arthropod-borne flavivirus transmitted by aedes mosquitoes. recent commentaries regarding zikv routes of transmission describe a potential transmission by transfusion. herein, we report a probable case of transfusion-transmitted zikv infection through a platelet transfusion that was detected from postdonation information.201627329551
identify-isolate-inform: a tool for initial detection and management of zika virus patients in the emergency department.first isolated in 1947 from a monkey in the zika forest in uganda, and from mosquitoes in the same forest the following year, zika virus has gained international attention due to concerns for infection in pregnant women potentially causing fetal microcephaly. more than one million people have been infected since the appearance of the virus in brazil in 2015. approximately 80% of infected patients are asymptomatic. an association with microcephaly and other birth defects as well as guillain-barre ...201627330653
epidemiology of chikungunya virus in bahia, brazil, 2014-2015.chikungunya is an emerging arbovirus that is characterized into four lineages. one of these, the asian genotype, has spread rapidly in the americas after its introduction in the saint martin island in october 2013. unexpectedly, a new lineage, the east-central-south african genotype, was introduced from angola in the end of may 2014 in feira de santana (fsa), the second largest city in bahia state, brazil, where over 5,500 cases have now been reported. number weekly cases of clinically confirmed ...201627330849
zika virus disease in traveler returning from vietnam to israel. 201627331627
requests for abortion in latin america related to concern about zika virus exposure. 201627331661
zikv - cdb: a collaborative database to guide research linking sncrnas and zika virus disease symptoms.in early 2015, a zika virus (zikv) infection outbreak was recognized in northeast brazil, where concerns over its possible links with infant microcephaly have been discussed. providing a causal link between zikv infection and birth defects is still a challenge. micrornas (mirnas) are small noncoding rnas (sncrnas) that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression by translational repression, and play important roles in viral pathogenesis and brain development. the potential for flavivirus-media ...201627332714
uveitis associated with zika virus infection. 201627332784
the when and the where of zika epidemic potential in europe - an evidence base for public health preparedness. 201627333025
spatial and temporal hot spots of aedes albopictus abundance inside and outside a south european metropolitan area.aedes albopictus is a tropical invasive species which in the last decades spread worldwide, also colonizing temperate regions of europe and us, where it has become a public health concern due to its ability to transmit exotic arboviruses, as well as severe nuisance problems due to its aggressive daytime outdoor biting behaviour. while several studies have been carried out in order to predict the potential limits of the species expansions based on eco-climatic parameters, few studies have so far ...201627333276
larvicidal efficacies of plants from midwestern brazil: melianodiol from guarea kunthiana as a potential biopesticide against aedes aegypti.a total of 36 ethanol extracts from different anatomical parts of 27 plant species (18 families), native to the pantanal and cerrado biomes in midwest brazil, was assessed for their effect against aedes aegypti larvae, the vector of dengue, hemorrhagic dengue, zika and chikungunya fevers. only the extract obtained from seeds of guarea kunthiana (meliaceae) proved active (lc50 = 169.93 μg/ml). a bioassay-guided investigation of this extract led to the isolation and identification of melianodiol, ...027333366
il-33 signaling is essential to attenuate viral-induced encephalitis development by downregulating inos expression in the central nervous system.viral encephalitis is a common cause of lethal infections in humans, and several different viruses are documented to be responsible. rocio virus is a flavivirus that causes a severe lethal encephalitis syndrome in humans and also mice, providing an interesting model to study the cns compartmentalized immune response. interleukin 33 (il-33), a member of the il-1 family, is an immunomodulatory cytokine that is highly expressed in the cns. however, the role of il-33 on viral encephalitis remains un ...201627334012
phylogenetic analysis of the ns5 gene of zika virus.zikv infection has become a global threat spreading across 31 countries in central america, south america, and the caribbean. however, little information is available about the molecular epidemiology of zikv. shared mutation of a threonine residue to alanine at the same position in the c terminal of ns5 sequences was observed in sequences from colombia, mexico, panama, and martinique. the sequences in the phylogenetic tree fell within the same cluster. based on shared mutation the presence of a ...201627335310
the current status of zika virus in southeast asia.zika virus currently poses a global threat and is a major public health issue throughout latin america and the caribbean. however, zika virus infections in humans have also been observed in other regions, including southeast asia, where arboviral diseases are very common. in this study, we summarize the current status of zika virus in southeast asia. this review aims to provide an overview of the current situation and also to suggest ways of adequately managing the emergence of zika virus in sou ...201627336445
confirmed case of zika virus congenital infection, spain, march 2016.we describe zika virus (zikv) vertical transmission in an imported case in spain, in a 17-week pregnant woman. zikv igg, igm and rna were detected in serum in week 17. at 19 weeks, ultrasound scan revealed fetal malformations and zikv was detected in the amniotic fluid. pregnancy was terminated at week 21; autopsy of the fetus revealed bilateral hydrocephalus, brain microcalcifications and arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. zikv was detected in the umbilical cord and brain tissue.201627336620
production of immunogenic west nile virus-like particles using a herpes simplex virus 1 recombinant vector.west nile virus (wnv) is a flavivirus that swept rapidly across north america in 1999, declined in prevalence, and then resurged in 2012. to date, no vaccine is available to prevent infection in the human population. herpes simplex virus (hsv) replication-defective vaccine vectors induce a durable immunity characterized by strong antibody and cd8(+) t cell responses even in hsv-immune animals. in this study, a wnv protein expression cassette was optimized for virus-like particle (vlp) production ...201627336950
[zika virus: a public health overview on epidemiology, clinical practice and prevention].zika virus is an arbovirus mainly transmitted by mosquitoes bites. during the last months, the attention of public health institutions has been drawn by a significant increase of microcephaly cases in brasil and analyses highlighted a connection between zika virus infection in pregnant women and fetal microcephaly. since 2015, many zika virus outbreaks have been identified in south america and there is concern about the spread of the virus in areas where competent vectors are present. nowadays, ...201727336960
screening of blood donations for zika virus infection - puerto rico, april 3-june 11, 2016.transfusion-transmitted infections have been documented for several arboviruses, including west nile and dengue viruses (1). zika virus, a flavivirus transmitted primarily by aedes aegypti mosquitoes that has been identified as a cause of congenital microcephaly and other serious brain defects (2), became recognized as a potential threat to blood safety after reports from a 2013-2014 outbreak in french polynesia. blood safety concerns were based on very high infection incidence in the population ...201627337368
zika virus disease.the history of zika virus disease serves as a paradigm of a typical emerging viral infection. zika virus disease, a mosquito-borne flavivirus, was first isolated in 1947 in the zika forest of uganda. the same virus was also isolated from jungle-dwelling mosquitoes (aedes [stegomyia] africanus). in many areas of africa and south asia human infections with zika virus were detected by both serology and virus isolation. about 80% of infections are asymptomatic, and in 20% a mostly mild disease with ...201627337468
zika virus surveillance and preparedness - new york city, 2015-2016.zika virus has rapidly spread through the world health organization's region of the americas since being identified in brazil in early 2015. transmitted primarily through the bite of infected aedes species mosquitoes, zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause spontaneous abortion and birth defects, including microcephaly (1,2). new york city (nyc) is home to a large number of persons who travel frequently to areas with active zika virus transmission, including immigrants from these areas. ...201627337505
structural basis of potent zika-dengue virus antibody cross-neutralization.zika virus is a member of the flavivirus genus that had not been associated with severe disease in humans until the recent outbreaks, when it was linked to microcephaly in newborns in brazil and to guillain-barré syndrome in adults in french polynesia. zika virus is related to dengue virus, and here we report that a subset of antibodies targeting a conformational epitope isolated from patients with dengue virus also potently neutralize zika virus. the crystal structure of two of these antibodies ...201627338953
dengue virus sero-cross-reactivity drives antibody-dependent enhancement of infection with zika virus.zika virus (zikv) was discovered in 1947 and was thought to lead to relatively mild disease. the recent explosive outbreak of zikv in south america has led to widespread concern, with reports of neurological sequelae ranging from guillain barré syndrome to microcephaly. zikv infection has occurred in areas previously exposed to dengue virus (denv), a flavivirus closely related to zikv. here we investigated the serological cross-reaction between the two viruses. plasma immune to denv showed subst ...201627339099
zika virus: another alarming threat. 201627339593
disease watch: zika virus - placental passage and permissivity for infection. 201627339887
isolation of infective zika virus from urine and saliva of patients in brazil.zika virus (zikv) is an emergent threat provoking a worldwide explosive outbreak. since january 2015, 41 countries reported autochthonous cases. in brazil, an increase in guillain-barré syndrome and microcephaly cases was linked to zikv infections. a recent report describing low experimental transmission efficiency of its main putative vector, ae. aegypti, in conjunction with apparent sexual transmission notifications, prompted the investigation of other potential sources of viral dissemination. ...201627341420
identification of zika virus and dengue virus dependency factors using functional genomics.the flaviviruses dengue virus (denv) and zika virus (zikv) are severe health threats with rapidly expanding ranges. to identify the host cell dependencies of denv and zikv, we completed orthologous functional genomic screens using rnai and crispr/cas9 approaches. the screens recovered the zikv entry factor axl as well as multiple host factors involved in endocytosis (rab5c and rabgef), heparin sulfation (ndst1 and ext1), and transmembrane protein processing and maturation, including the endoplas ...201627342126
the green tea molecule egcg inhibits zika virus entry.during zikv the outbreak in brazil it was observed an increase of almost 20 times the number of reported cases of microcephaly in newborn babies. there is no vaccine or approved drug available for the treatment and prevention of infections by this virus. egcg, a polyphenol present in green tea has been shown to have an antiviral activity for many viruses. in view of the need for the development of a drug against a brazilian strain of zikv, we assessed the effect of egcg on zikv entry in vero e6 ...201627344138
assessing seasonal risks for the introduction and mosquito-borne spread of zika virus in europe.the explosive zika virus epidemic in the americas is amplifying spread of this emerging pathogen into previously unaffected regions of the world, including europe (gulland, 2016), where local populations are immunologically naïve. as summertime approaches in the northern hemisphere, aedes mosquitoes in europe may find suitable climatic conditions to acquire and subsequently transmit zika virus from viremic travellers to local populations. while aedes albopictus has proven to be a vector for the ...201627344225
fabrication of nano-mosquitocides using chitosan from crab shells: impact on non-target organisms in the aquatic environment.mosquitoes are arthropods of huge medical and veterinary relevance, since they vector pathogens and parasites of public health importance, including malaria, dengue and zika virus. currently, nanotechnology is considered a potential eco-friendly approach in mosquito control research. we proposed a novel method of biofabrication of silver nanoparticles (agnp) using chitosan (ch) from crab shells. ch-agnp nanocomposite was characterized by uv-vis spectroscopy, ftir, sem, edx and xrd. ch-agnp were ...201627344400
zika--an emerging infectious disease. the risk assessment from polish perspective.in the last years, attention has been paid to zika virus (zikv) infection, the emerging vector-borne disease. it is responsible for major outbreaks in africa, asia and, more recently, in previously infection-naïve territories of the pacific area, south america and caribbean. the etiology, epidemiology, transmission, and clinical manifestations of zikv disease are discussed, along with the diagnostic possibilities in the aim to assessing the risk of its introduction to poland. zikv is spread by a ...201627344465
neuroprotection mediated by inhibition of calpain during acute viral encephalitis.neurologic complications associated with viral encephalitis, including seizures and cognitive impairment, are a global health issue, especially in children. we previously showed that hippocampal injury during acute picornavirus infection in mice is associated with calpain activation and is the result of neuronal death triggered by brain-infiltrating inflammatory monocytes. we therefore hypothesized that treatment with a calpain inhibitor would protect neurons from immune-mediated bystander injur ...201627345730
zika in the brain: new models shed light on viral infection.the current zika virus (zikv) outbreak is associated with high numbers of human congenital birth defects, yet it has been unclear how zikv infection during pregnancy causes these abnormalities. three new mouse models now show that zikv crosses the placenta and replicates in the brains of fetal mice.201627345865
unmet needs for a rapid diagnosis of chikungunya virus infection.rapid diagnosis of chikungunya virus infection.201627347706
specificity of dengue ns1 antigen in differential diagnosis of dengue and zika virus infection. 201627347853
mechanisms of zika virus infection and neuropathogenesis.a spotlight has been focused on the mosquito-borne zika virus (zikv) because of its epidemic outbreak in brazil and latin america, as well as the severe neurological manifestations of microcephaly and guillain-barré syndrome associated with infection. in this review, we discuss the recent literature on zikv-host interactions, including new mechanistic insight concerning the basis of zikv-induced neuropathogenesis.201627348136
a rhesus macaque model of asian-lineage zika virus infection.infection with asian-lineage zika virus (zikv) has been associated with guillain-barré syndrome and fetal abnormalities, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. animal models of infection are thus urgently needed. here we show that rhesus macaques are susceptible to infection by an asian-lineage zikv closely related to strains currently circulating in the americas. following subcutaneous inoculation, zikv rna is detected in plasma 1 day post infection (d.p.i.) in all animals (n=8 ...201627352279
diagnosis of zika virus infection in pregnant women travelling to or residing in endemic areas. 201627352748
clinical management of pregnant women exposed to zika virus. 201627352750
exanthema associated with zika virus infection. 201627352763
dengue virus genome uncoating requires ubiquitination.the process of genome release or uncoating after viral entry is one of the least-studied steps in the flavivirus life cycle. flaviviruses are mainly arthropod-borne viruses, including emerging and reemerging pathogens such as dengue, zika, and west nile viruses. currently, dengue virus is one of the most significant human viral pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes and is responsible for about 390 million infections every year around the world. here, we examined for the first time molecular aspect ...201627353759
the brazilian dilemma: increased scientific production and high publication costs during a global health crisis and major economic downturn. 201627353760
association between guillain-barré syndrome and zika virus infection. 201627353814
association between guillain-barré syndrome and zika virus infection. 201627353815
association between guillain-barré syndrome and zika virus infection - authors' reply. 201627353817
time to abandon the hygiene hypothesis: new perspectives on allergic disease, the human microbiome, infectious disease prevention and the role of targeted hygiene.to review the burden of allergic and infectious diseases and the evidence for a link to microbial exposure, the human microbiome and immune system, and to assess whether we could develop lifestyles which reconnect us with exposures which could reduce the risk of allergic disease while also protecting against infectious disease.027354505
human antibody responses after dengue virus infection are highly cross-reactive to zika virus.zika virus (zikv) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus of significant public health concern. zikv shares a high degree of sequence and structural homology compared with other flaviviruses, including dengue virus (denv), resulting in immunological cross-reactivity. improving our current understanding of the extent and characteristics of this immunological cross-reactivity is important, as zikv is presently circulating in areas that are highly endemic for dengue. to assess the magnitude and fu ...201627354515
zika virus. 201627355409
zika virus.to the editor: petersen et al. (april 21 issue)(1) provide a detailed review of zika virus. we have some concern regarding diagnostic criteria for microcephaly in fetuses and newborns exposed to the virus. according to the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) recommendation that microcephaly should be defined as an occipitofrontal circumference below the third percentile, nearly 3% of newborns would be categorized as having microcephaly. in brazil, where there are 3 million live birt ...201627355410
zika virus. 201627355411
emerging arboviruses and public health challenges in brazil.environmental modification by anthropogenic actions, disordered urban growth, globalization of international exchange and climate change are some factors that help the emergence and dissemination of human infectious diseases transmitted by vectors. this review discusses the recent entry of three arboviruses in brazil: chikungunya, west nile, and zika virus, focusing on the challenges for the country's public health. the brazilian population is exposed to infections caused by these three arboviru ...027355468
vaccine protection against zika virus from brazil.zika virus (zikv) is a flavivirus that is responsible for the current epidemic in brazil and the americas. zikv has been causally associated with fetal microcephaly, intrauterine growth restriction, and other birth defects in both humans and mice. the rapid development of a safe and effective zikv vaccine is a global health priority, but very little is currently known about zikv immunology and mechanisms of immune protection. here we show that a single immunization with a plasmid dna vaccine or ...201627355570
zika virus threat. 201627356247
zika virus-associated neurological disorders: a review.zika virus, an arbovirus transmitted by mosquitoes of the aedes species, is now rapidly disseminating throughout the americas and the ongoing brazilian outbreak is the largest zika virus epidemic so far described. in addition to being associated with a non-specific acute febrile illness, a number of neurological manifestations, mainly microcephaly and guillain-barré syndrome, have been associated with infection. these with other rarer neurological conditions suggest that zika virus, similar to o ...201627357348
[diagnosis and treatment of zika virus disease (first edition in 2016)]. 201627358939
[how dangerous is the zika virus?].the zika virus (zikv) may cause microcephaly and other serious birth defects. due to a lack of epidemiological data, the teratogenic risk is unknown. the upcoming olympic games in rio may cause it to spread to unprepared countries with underdeveloped healthcare systems. zikv is also sexually transmitted. the pathogenesis of sexual transmission and the duration of contagiousness are currently unknown. to minimize the risks caused by the olympic games in rio, developing and emerging nations must b ...201627359317
dissecting virus infectious cycles by cryo-electron microscopy. 201627362353
zika virus and the 2016 olympic games - evidence-based projections derived from dengue do not support cancellation. 201727363326
gut bacteria differentially affect egg production in the anautogenous mosquito aedes aegypti and facultatively autogenous mosquito aedes atropalpus (diptera: culicidae).aedes aegypti and a. atropalpus are related mosquitoes that differ reproductively. aedes aegypti must blood-feed to produce eggs (anautogenous) while a. atropalpus always produces a first clutch of eggs without blood-feeding (facultatively autogenous). we recently characterized the gut microbiota of a. aegypti and a. atropalpus that were reared identically in the laboratory. here, we assessed the effects of specific members of the gut microbiota in a. aegypti and a. atropalpus on female fitness ...201627363842
zika virus infection: what should we not forget? 201627364179
infectivity of immature neurons to zika virus: a link to congenital zika syndrome.epidemiological data strongly suggest that microcephaly cases in brazil are associated with the ongoing epidemic of zika virus (zikv). in order to further solidify the possible link, we investigated the infectivity of zikv using various neuroblastoma (nb) cell lines.201627364784
imported thai patient with zika virus to taiwan: what else should be known and discussed? 201627364879
the wmel strain of wolbachia reduces transmission of zika virus by aedes aegypti.zika virus (zikv) is causing an explosive outbreak of febrile disease in the americas. there are no effective antiviral therapies or licensed vaccines for this virus, and mosquito control strategies have not been adequate to contain the virus. a promising candidate for arbovirus control and prevention relies on the introduction of the intracellular bacterium wolbachia into aedes aegypti mosquitoes. this primarily has been proposed as a tool to control dengue virus (denv) transmission; however, e ...201627364935
first imported case of zika virus infection into korea.since zika virus has been spreading rapidly in the americas from 2015, the outbreak of zika virus infection becomes a global health emergency because it can cause neurological complications and adverse fetal outcome including microcephaly. here, we report clinical manifestations and virus isolation findings from a case of zika virus infection imported from brazil. the patient, 43-year-old korean man, developed fever, myalgia, eyeball pain, and maculopapular rash, but not neurological manifestati ...201627366020
first imported case of chikungunya virus infection in a travelling canadian returning from the caribbean.this is the first canadian case of chikungunya virus (chikv) infection reported in a traveller returning from the caribbean. following multiple mosquito bites in martinique island in january 2014, the patient presented with high fever, headaches, arthralgia on both hands and feet, and a rash on the trunk upon his return to canada. initial serological testing for dengue virus infection was negative. support therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was administered. the symptoms gradually ...201627366163
an overview of zika virus disease. 201627366289
genetically modified (gm) mosquito use to reduce mosquito-transmitted disease in the us: a community opinion survey.mosquito-borne infectious diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, and now zika, pose a public health threat to the us, particularly florida, the gulf coast states, and hawaii. recent autochthonous transmission of dengue and chikungunya in florida, the recent dengue outbreak in hawaii, and the potential for future local spread of zika in the us, has led to the consideration of novel approaches to mosquito management. one such novel approach, the release of sterile genetically modified mosquitoes, h ...201627366585
using phenomenological models to characterize transmissibility and forecast patterns and final burden of zika epidemics.the world health organization declared the ongoing zika virus (zikv) epidemic in the americas a public health emergency of international concern on february 1, 2016. zikv disease in humans is characterized by a "dengue-like" syndrome including febrile illness and rash. however, zikv infection in early pregnancy has been associated with severe birth defects, including microcephaly and other developmental issues. mechanistic models of disease transmission can be used to forecast trajectories and l ...201627366586
flirt-ing with zika: a web application to predict the movement of infected travelers validated against the current zika virus epidemic.beginning in 2015, zika virus rapidly spread throughout the americas and has been linked to neurological and autoimmune diseases in adults and babies. developing accurate tools to anticipate zika spread is one of the first steps to mitigate further spread of the disease. when combined, air traffic data and network simulations can be used to create tools to predict where infectious disease may spread to and aid in the prevention of infectious diseases. specific goals were to: 1) predict where tra ...201627366587
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