Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| characterization of the external female genitalia of six species of triatominae (hemiptera: reduviidade) by scanning electron microscopy. | by macroscopic and microscopic dorsal side observation, it was noted that the ix and x segments of two species each of panstrongylus and triatoma terminate in an elongated way, whereas they terminate abruptly in the two species of rhodnius. scanning observation of the dorsal, ventral, lateral and posterior sides of the female genitalia of panstrongylus herreri, panstrongylus megistus, rhodnius colombiensis, rhodnius prolixus, triatoma infestans and triatoma vitticeps revealed that these six spec ... | 2010 | 20512241 |
| susceptibility of triatoma brasiliensis from state of ceará, northeastern brazil, to the pyrethroid deltamethrin. | after controlling triatoma infestans in brazil, other species of triatomine that were considered minor in the transmission of chagas disease became important. the persistence of triatoma brasiliensis in northeastern brazil, associated with reinfection of domestic environments recently sprayed with pyrethroids, may be a signal of susceptibility alteration of this species to this insecticide. specimens of t. brasiliensis from the municipality of tauá, state of ceará, were captured before and one y ... | 2010 | 20512253 |
| insecticide resistance of triatoma infestans (hemiptera, reduviidae) vector of chagas disease in bolivia. | summary objective to define the insecticide resistance status of triatoma infestans to deltamethrin (pyrethroid), malathion (organophosphate) and bendiocarb (carbamate) in bolivia. methods fifty populations of t. infestans were sampled in bolivian human dwellings. quantal response data were obtained by topical applications of 0.2 mul of insecticide-acetone solutions on nymphs n1 of the f1 generations. for most populations, dose-mortality relationships and resistance ratios (rr) were analysed. di ... | 2010 | 20545921 |
| microsatellite marker analysis shows differentiation among trypanosoma cruzi populations of peripheral blood and dejections of triatoma infestans fed on the same chronic chagasic patients : microsatellite marker analysis and t. cruzi. | to investigate whether trypanosoma cruzi populations found in chagasic cardiopathic and non-cardiopathic patients are genetically differentiated, three molecular microsatellite markers were analysed. this analysis was also applied to compare t. cruzi samples from peripheral blood or dejections of triatoma infestans fed on the blood of the same patients. in order to obtain the first objective, analyses of predominant t. cruzi genotypes were conducted using three approaches: a locus-by-locus analy ... | 2010 | 20585804 |
| ultrastructural analysis of the nucleolar aspects at spermiogenesis in triatomines (heteroptera, triatominae). | in this study the ultrastructural technique was used to analyze seminiferous tubule cells of the triatomine species panstrongylus megistus, rhodnius pallescens and triatoma infestans. the data obtained provided evidence of the phenomenon known as persistence of the nucleolar material in initial spermatids at early differentiation. our results confirmed the presence of the nucleolus and its products during spermiogenesis up to the formation of the axoneme and during spermatid elongation in all th ... | 2010 | 20619665 |
| trypanosoma cruzi i genotypes in different geographical regions and transmission cycles based on a microsatellite motif of the intergenic spacer of spliced-leader genes. | the intergenic region of spliced-leader (sl-ir) genes from 105 trypanosoma cruzi i (tc i) infected biological samples, culture isolates and stocks from 11 endemic countries, from argentina to the usa were characterised, allowing identification of 76 genotypes with 54 polymorphic sites from 123 aligned sequences. on the basis of the microsatellite motif proposed by herrera et al. (2007) to define four haplotypes in colombia, we could classify these genotypes into four distinct tc i sl-ir groups, ... | 2010 | 20670628 |
| inheritance of resistance to pyrethroids in triatoma infestans, the main chagas disease vector in south america. | an outbreak of pyrethroid resistance was recently detected in triatoma infestans from northern argentina. to analyze the inheritance of the resistant phenotype, we carried out experimental crosses between resistant (r) and susceptible (s) strains captured in argentina during 2005. the r strain was collected from sprayed houses in the north of the province of salta while the s strain was collected in the province of chaco. both strains were bred in the laboratory for reciprocal crosses (f1), inte ... | 2010 | 20674788 |
| temporal fluctuation of infection with different trypanosoma cruzi genotypes in the wild rodent octodon degus. | we identified and followed-up for two years octodon degus rodents infected with trypanosoma cruzi genotypes by using xenodiagnosis with two vector species (mepraia spinolai and triatoma infestans), polymerase chain reaction dna-based detection of insect dejections, southern blot analysis, and minicircle hybridization with genotype-specific probes. results show temporal fluctuations of infection with four parasite lineages (tci, tcii, tcv, and tcvi) in one co-infected o. degus. results are discus ... | 2010 | 20682886 |
| allatotropin expression during the development of the fourth instar larvae of the kissing-bug triatoma infestans (klüg). | allatotropin (at) is a neuropeptide originally isolated from the brain of manduca sexta and then characterized in several insect species. it acts as a neurohormone, as well as a neuromodulator. while it was primarily characterized on the basis of its ability to stimulate the secretion of juvenile hormones, it was also found that it acts as a cardioaccelerator and myostimulator. the presence of at in iv instar larvae of t. infestans was previously described at the level of the malpighian tubules. ... | 2010 | 20817237 |
| sylvatic foci of the chagas disease vector triatoma infestans in chile: description of a new focus and challenges for control programs. | triatoma infestans is one of the main domestic vectors of chagas disease. reports of wild habitat occurrences have recently increased. in chile, after a successful elimination campaign of t. infestans domestic infestation, a sylvatic focus was reported in bromeliads in the metropolitan region. here, we report a new focus of sylvatic t. infestans inhabiting rock piles in the valparaíso region in central chile. all t. infestans captured were nymphal instars living among the stones, which were inha ... | 2010 | 20835609 |
| western blotting method (tesacruzi) as a supplemental test for confirming the presence of anti-trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in finger prick blood samples from children aged 0-5 years in brazil. | some latin american countries have plans for total control and/or eradication of chagas disease by the main vector (triatoma infestans) and by blood transfusion. to achieve this, patients with chagas disease must be identified. a western blotting test, tesacruzi, is described as a supplemental test for diagnosis of chagas disease using samples collected from children <5 years living in different states of brazil. blood samples collected by finger prick on filter paper were sent to the test labor ... | 2011 | 20858452 |
| statistical phylogeography of chagas disease vector triatoma infestans: testing biogeographic hypotheses of dispersal. | chagas disease is one of the most important vector-borne diseases in latin america. the disease, caused by the flagellate protozoan trypanosoma cruzi, is commonly transmitted to humans by triatoma infestans in south america. using mitochondrial dna sequences, we assessed alternative biogeographic scenarios of dispersal of t. infestans using coalescence simulations. we also assessed phylogeographic structure and spatial genetics of t. infestans in chile. two major routes of dispersal in southern ... | 2010 | 20920609 |
| phenotypic variability and population structure of peridomestic triatoma infestans in rural areas of the arid chaco (western argentina): spatial influence of macro- and microhabitats. | abstract triatoma infestans, one of the main vectors of trypanosoma cruzi, is strongly associated with rural human ecotopes. infested peridomestic places could act as a source of house infestation as a result of the movement of vectors among habitats. the quantitative study of phenotypic traits and nutritional variables could be informative about the population structure and the relative mobility of vectors. this is the first approach toward analyzing the phenetic characteristics of t. infestans ... | 2010 | 20925525 |
| residual effect of a micro-encapsulated formulation of organophosphates and piriproxifen on the mortality of deltamethrin resistant triatoma infestans populations in rural houses of the bolivian chaco region. | the bolivian chaco is part of the endemic region of chagas disease and an area where pyrethroid resistant triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) populations has been reported. the world health organization identified these resistant populations as an important focus for research. the objective of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of a micro-encapsulated formulation containing organophosphate active ingredients and a juvenile hormone analogue (inesfly 5a igr) on the mortality of ... | 2010 | 20944988 |
| distribution and characterization of corazonin in the central nervous system of triatoma infestans (insecta: heteroptera). | the distribution of corazonin in the central nervous system of the heteropteran insect triatoma infestans was studied by immunohistochemistry. the presence of corazonin isoforms was investigated using maldi-tof mass spectrometry in samples containing the brain, the subesophageal ganglion, the corpora cardiaca-corpus allatum complex and the anterior part of the aorta. several groups of immunopositive perikarya were detected in the brain, the subesophageal ganglion and the thoracic ganglia. regard ... | 2011 | 21029760 |
| vectorial capacity of triatoma guasayana (wygodzinsky & abalos) (hemiptera: reduviidae) compared with two other species of epidemic importance. | triatoma guasayana (wygodzinsky & abalos) is a peridomestic triatomine with epidemiological importance in bolivia, that may play an important role in the transmission of trypanosoma cruzi (chagas). in this study, two parameters of vectorial capacity were evaluated: the interval of feeding-defecation time and metacyclogenesis, in adult males and females and nymphal instars ii to v of t. guasayana with comparisons with triatoma infestans (klug) and t. sordida (stal). the results showed a close rel ... | 2010 | 21120391 |
| new findings of insecticide resistance in triatoma infestans (heteroptera: reduviidae) from the gran chaco. | chagas disease is a major health concern in latin america, and triatoma infestans (klug, 1834) is responsible for the majority of cases of chagas disease in the continent. after the discovery of deltamethrin highly resistant populations in the neighboring areas to yacuiba (bolivia) and salvador mazza (argentina), we studied t. infestans populations north and southward, with the aim of describing the range of the resistant area. in addition, tests were conducted to describe the susceptibility to ... | 2010 | 21175056 |
| the effects of cypermethrin pour-on and piperonyl butoxide on triatoma infestans under laboratory conditions. | the effect of exposing triatoma infestans to chickens treated with cypermethrin pour-on combined with piperonyl butoxide (pbo) was studied. four groups of treated chickens and one control group were used. each treatment received 1 or 2 ml of the cypermethrin formulation with and without pbo. independent groups of nymphs were fed 1, 7, 15, 30, and 45 d after the treatment application. blood intake was estimated after each feeding occasion. up to 15 d after the pour-on application, high mortality ... | 2010 | 21175064 |
| molecular phylogeography of the chagas' disease vector triatoma infestans in argentina. | triatoma infestans is the main vector of chagas' disease in south america between latitudes 10°s and 46°s. a multilocus microsatellite data set of 836 individuals from 27 populations of t. infestans, from all its range of distribution in argentina, was analyzed. our results favor the hypothesis of two independent migration events of colonization in argentina and secondary contacts. the majority of the populations of the western provinces of catamarca, la rioja, san juan and the west of cordoba p ... | 2011 | 21224874 |
| vertical transmission of trypanosoma cruzi in the province of choapa, iv region, chile: preliminary report (2005-2008). | congenital chagas disease acquired special importance in chile after the certification of the control of triatoma infestans and transmission by blood donors affected with trypanosoma cruzi. in order to establish adequate protocols for intervention and control in infected mother-neonate pairs in endemic zones of chagas disease, we present partial results (2005-2008) of a pilot project which is being carried out in the province of choapa, iv region, chile, whose objectives are: determine the curre ... | 2010 | 21249297 |
| infection and invasion mechanisms of trypanosoma cruzi in the congenital transmission of chagas' disease: a proposal. | chagas' disease is produced by the haemophlagelated protozoan trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by haematophages insects such as triatoma infestans (vinchuca). due to vector control, congenital transmission gains importance and is responsible for the presence and expansion of this disease in non-endemic areas. the mechanisms of congenital infection are uncertain. it has been suggested that the parasite reaches the fetus through the bloodstream by crossing the placental barrier, and that congenit ... | 2010 | 21249302 |
| genetic variability, phylogenetic relationships and gene flow in triatoma infestans dark morphs from the argentinean chaco. | the recent discovery of sylvatic populations of triatoma infestans outside the andean valleys of bolivia prompted an evolutionary question about the putative ancestral area of origin and dispersal of the species, and an epidemiological question regarding the possible role of these sylvatic populations in the recolonization process of insecticide-treated houses. the finding of a population of sylvatic melanic t. infestans (dark morphs) in the argentinean dry chaco at 7 km from a peridomestic bug ... | 2011 | 21352954 |
| epicuticle lipids mediate mate recognition in triatoma infestans. | epicuticular lipids are contact cues in intraspecific chemical communication in insects, both for aggregation and sexual behavior. triatomine bugs are vectors of the parasite trypanosoma cruzi, the cause of chagas disease. in triatoma infestans, the major epicuticular lipids are hydrocarbons, fatty alcohols, and free and esterified fatty acids. previously, we found that epicuticular lipid extracts, or selected fatty acid components, trigger aggregation and arrestment behavior in this bug. using ... | 2011 | 21373991 |
| spatial distribution of at- and gc-rich dna within interphase cell nuclei of triatoma infestans klug. | heterochromatin bodies in single- and multichromocentered interphase cell nuclei of triatoma infestans, a vector of chagas disease, have been suggested to contain at-rich dna, based on their positive response to q-banding and hoechst 33248 treatment. no information exists on whether gc-rich dna is also present in these nuclei and whether it plays a role on chromatin condensation. considering that methodologies more precise than those previously used to determine dna base composition in situ are ... | 2011 | 21382722 |
| gene discovery in triatoma infestans. | triatoma infestans is the most relevant vector of chagas disease in the southern cone of south america. since its genome has not yet been studied, sequencing of expressed sequence tags (ests) is one of the most powerful tools for efficiently identifying large numbers of expressed genes in this insect vector. | 2011 | 21418565 |
| anti-triatomine saliva immunoassays for the evaluation of impregnated netting trials against chagas disease transmission. | insecticide-impregnated nets can kill triatomine bugs, but it remains unclear whether they can protect against chagas disease transmission. in a field trial in quequeña, peru, sentinel guinea pigs placed in intervention enclosures covered by deltamethrin-treated nets showed significantly lower antibody responses to saliva of triatoma infestans compared with animals placed in pre-existing control enclosures. our results strongly suggest that insecticide-treated nets prevent triatomine bites and c ... | 2011 | 21426907 |
| plant extracts, isolated phytochemicals, and plant-derived agents which are lethal to arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases--a review. | the recent scientific literature on plant-derived agents with potential or effective use in the control of the arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases is reviewed. arthropod-borne tropical diseases include: amebiasis, chagas disease (american trypanosomiasis), cholera, cryptosporidiosis, dengue (hemorrhagic fever), epidemic typhus (brill-zinsser disease), filariasis (elephantiasis), giardia (giardiasis), human african trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), isosporiasis, leishmaniasis, lyme di ... | 2011 | 21432748 |
| influence of the intestinal anticoagulant in the feeding performance of triatomine bugs (hemiptera; reduviidae). | triatomines are haematophagous insects in all post-embryonic life stages. they are vectors of trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of chagas disease. their vectorial ability is influenced by their feeding performance, which varies greatly amongst species. recent work showed that inhibition of the coagulation process in the anterior midgut (crop) environment considerably influences the blood meal size. in this work, we performed a comparative study of the level of anticoagulant activity in the ... | 2011 | 21447340 |
| "andean" and "non-andean" its-2 and mtcytb haplotypes of triatoma infestans are observed in the gran chaco (bolivia): population genetics and the origin of reinfestation. | in bolivia, the gran chaco ecoregion suffers from serious problems of house reinfestation with triatoma infestans despite vector control by insecticides spraying. in order to identify the origin of the triatomines collected after spraying, the genetic structure of t. infestans populations collected in four neighboring villages, before and after spraying, was analyzed using its-2 and mtcytb sequencing. before spraying, only the mtcytb marker detected genetic differentiation among the 4 population ... | 2011 | 21457795 |
| new insights on the chagas disease main vector triatoma infestans (reduviidae, triatominae) brought by the genetic analysis of bolivian sylvatic populations. | triatoma infestans is the main and most widespread vector of chagas disease in south america. for the first time, a large sample of sylvatic populations of t. infestans was analyzed by its-2 and mtcytb sequencing. its-2 showed a low level of polymorphism but revealed a dichotomy between the andean and non-andean sylvatic populations. on the contrary, mtcytb sequences showed a high polymorphism (19 haplotypes determined by 35 variable sites) revealing a strong structuring between most of the sylv ... | 2011 | 21463708 |
| composition and anti-insect activity of essential oils from tagetes l. species (asteraceae, helenieae) on ceratitis capitata wiedemann and triatoma infestans klug. | essential oils from four species of the genus tagetes l. (asteraceae, helenieae) collected in tucumán province, argentina, were evaluated for their chemical composition, toxicity, and olfactory activity on mediterranean fruit fly ceratitis capitata wiedemann adults and for repellent properties on triatoma infestans (klug) (chagas disease vector). yields of essential oils range from 0.2 to 0.8% (v/w). the same main constituents among tagetes minuta l., tagestes rupestris cabrera, and tagetes ter ... | 2011 | 21469658 |
| importance and physiological effects of hemolymphagy in triatomines (hemiptera: reduviidae). | triatomines are hematophagous insects and the vectors for trypanosoma cruzi in the americas. although their preferred meal is blood from vertebrate hosts, unfed triatomine nymphs are often seen feeding on different arthropod species. triatomine saliva has a wide range of activities that aid the hematophagic process. however, nothing is known about its role during hemolymphagy. in the current study, we reproduced hemolymphagy under laboratory conditions and evaluated the influence of hemolymphagy ... | 2011 | 21485376 |
| structure elucidation and synthesis of dioxolanes emitted by two triatoma species (hemiptera: reduviidae). | volatiles from the metasternal glands of two species of true bugs of the triatominae subfamily, triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma infestans, were analyzed by spme-gc/ms. two sets of new natural products were found: (4s,5s)- and (4r,5r)-2,2,4-triethyl-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolane (1) (major component) and (4s*,5s*)-2,4-diethyl-2,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane (2) (trace component), (2r/s,4s,5s)- as well as (2r/s,4r,5r)-4-ethyl-5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-dioxolane (3) (minor component), (2r/s,4s*,5s*)-4- ... | 2011 | 21486009 |
| dispersal of triatoma infestans and other triatominae species in the arid chaco of argentina: flying, walking or passive carriage? the importance of walking females. | the aim of this paper was to analyse the active dispersal of triatoma infestans and the role of chickens as passive carriers of this insect in peridomestic areas of la rioja, argentina. to measure active dispersal, monthly catches were made on six consecutive nights for five months (in the warm season) using light traps (for flying insects) and sticky dispersal barriers (for walking insects). the nutritional and reproductive states of adults were evaluated. over the course of the sampling period ... | 2011 | 21537686 |
| essential oils of medicinal plants from the central andes of argentina: chemical composition, and antifungal, antibacterial, and insect-repellent activities. | the antifungal, antibacterial, and insect-repellent activities of the essential oils (eos) of acantholippia seriphioides, artemisia mendozana, gymnophyton polycephalum, satureja parvifolia, tagetes mendocina, and lippia integrifolia, collected in the central andes area, province of san juan, argentina, were investigated. the dermatophytes microsporum gypseum, trichophyton mentagrophytes, and t. rubrum were inhibited by the eos of g. polycephalum, l. integrifolia, and s. parvifolia, with minimum ... | 2011 | 21560241 |
| first report of colonies of sylvatic triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) in the paraguayan chaco, using a trained dog. | in the gran chaco region, control of triatoma infestans has been limited by persistent domestic infestations despite the efforts of the vector control services. in paraguay, this region is the highest endemic area in the country, showing high levels of indoor and outdoor infestation. although sylvatic t. infestans have been found in the bolivian and argentine chaco, similar searches for sylvatic populations of this species in paraguay had been unsuccessful over the last 20 years. here we present ... | 2011 | 21572522 |
| [entomological survey (1975-1983)]. | after the systematization and re-dimension of the vectorial control in all the country by 1975, it was considered necessary to have an up-to-date information on the distribution of vectors in brazil, and differentiate precisely the role of each of the different species on the intra-domiciliary transmission of chagas disease. for this purpose, sampling regional surveys for regions with non reliable information were performed, as well as, a house by house search for vectors on those areas consider ... | 2011 | 21584354 |
| [summary of results from the national surveys]. | this article aims to correlate the main results of three large national surveys on chagas disease (entomologic, seroprevalence and electrocardiographic) carried out in brazil from late 1970's to early 1980's, which served as baseline for definition of the control measures adopted in the country. the proportion of infected people was much higher in areas where triatoma infestans, the most efficient vector of chagas disease among the five principal species involved in transmission at that time, wa ... | 2011 | 21584357 |
| [the control of vectorial transmission]. | between 1950 and 1951, the first prophylactic campaign against chagas diseases was carried on in brazil by the so existing serviço nacional de malária. the actions involving chemical vector control comprehended 74 municipalities along the rio grande valley, between the states of são paulo and minas gerais. ever since, until 1975, the activities were performed according the availability of resources, being executed with more or less regularity and coverage. at that time, chagas disease did no rep ... | 2011 | 21584358 |
| [control program of chagas disease in são paulo, brazil: the control and surveillance of vector transmission]. | the control of the vectors of chagas' disease in the state of sao paulo are discussed, mainly those activities that led to the elimination of triatoma infestans. secondary factors that helped the control such as rural exodus are also analyzed. the article shows that since 1965 the control became a campaign with different phases due to the epidemiological situation, the acquired knowledge and the entomological surveillance. after 25 years of work, the elimination of all the focus of triatoma infe ... | 2011 | 21584361 |
| [chagas disease control program in the state of são paulo, brazil: seroepidemiological aspects of homogeneous geographic microregions]. | between the years 1976 and 1980, the american trypanosomiasis was searched for among residents in two geographic microregions of the state of são paulo: campos de itapetininga, in the region of sorocaba, and encosta ocidental da mantiqueira paulista, in the region of campinas. both areas have in the past been colonized by triatoma infestans. campos de itapetininga remained, until the beginning of the 1970s as a stronghold of this species in the state of são paulo. panstrongylus megistus has curr ... | 2011 | 21584362 |
| [chagas disease control program in the state of são paulo, brazil: serological and entomological aspects of primary school-children surveys]. | two serological surveys were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of measures put into effect in the state of são paulo (brazil) to control chagas disease vectors. the first one, during the period from 1968 to 1970; the complement fixation reaction was performed on serum samples from school-children resident in all municipalities of the state of são paulo, with the exception of the greater são paulo. the second one, annually, from 1973 to 1983, involving school-children resident in municipa ... | 2011 | 21584363 |
| [new challenges and the future of control]. | the epidemiological situation of chagas disease in brazil was substantially altered in the last decades, partially as a consequence of the control measures implemented and partially due to the environmental, economical and social changes that took place in the country. domicile vector transmission was interrupted when caused by triatoma infestans and importantly controlled when associated with native species of the vector. transfusion transmission is no longer a problem since generalized screeni ... | 2011 | 21584365 |
| activity of metarhizium spp. and isaria spp. from the central brazilian cerrado against triatoma infestans nymphs. | entomopathogenic fungi attack chagas disease vectors, and there is a need of effective isolates for development of biological control. ten isolates of metarhizium spp., four of isaria cateniannulata and two of an isaria sp., all isolated with triatoma infestans as a bait insect from soils collected in central brazil, and tested under laboratory conditions were effective against third instar nymphs of t. infestans. this is the first report of pathogenicity of m. flavoviride var. pemphigi, m. robe ... | 2011 | 21621234 |
| cholinesterase activity during embryonic development in the blood-feeding bug triatoma patagonica. | triatoma patagonica del ponte (hemiptera: reduviidae), a vector of chagas' disease, is widely distributed in argentina and is found in sylvatic and peridomiciliary ecotopes, as well as occasionally in human dwellings after the chemical control of triatoma infestans. anti-cholinesteratic products can be applied in peridomiciliary areas and thus knowledge of cholinesterase activity during embryonic development in this species might contribute further information relevant to effective chemical cont ... | 2011 | 21671969 |
| influence of the quality and quantity of blood ingested on reproductive parameters and life-span in triatoma infestans (klug). | in triatominae, female fecundity and fertility may be affected by age, adult nutritional status (i.e., blood meal source and amount of blood ingested) and number of matings. triatoma infestans (klug) is the main vector of chagas disease in southern south america and considering that reproductive success is intimately associated with the potential for colonizing or re-colonizing new ecotopes in endemic areas, we studied whether the blood meal source and the amount of blood ingested have influence ... | 2011 | 21672510 |
| detection of trypanosoma cruzi in untreated chronic chagasic patients is improved by using three parasitological methods simultaneously. | objectives this study compared three parasitological methods applied simultaneously in individuals with untreated chronic chagas' disease in order to determine their individual and combined performances. methods from a total of 100 chronic chagasic patients from endemic areas of chile, with informed consent, we extracted 2 ml of peripheral venous blood for pcr (pcr-b) and applied two xenodiagnosis (xd) boxes with seven uninfected triatoma infestans nymphs each for microscopic examination and pcr ... | 2011 | 21798882 |
| trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units (dtus): microsatellite loci and population genetics of dtus tcv and tci in bolivia and peru. | trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of chagas disease, is usually subdivided into six discrete typing units (dtus), tci to tcvi, among which tci and tcv are most common in human infections in bolivia. multilocus microsatellite typing (mlmt) was selected to further explore the structure of the natural populations belonging to these dtus. the analysis showed that microsatellite clustering does not fully match the six dtus, but it is relevant for the within dtus analyses. population genetics analysis was ... | 2011 | 21801854 |
| susceptibility of sylvatic triatoma infestans from andeans valleys of bolivia to deltamethrin and fipronil. | we describe the susceptibility to deltamethrin and fipronil of four sylvatic triatoma infestans populations from the andean valleys of bolivia. fifty percent lethal doses were determined from topical application of insecticide on first instars, and mortality was assessed after 24 h for deltamethrin and 48 h for fipronil. in comparison with a reference strain from argentina, the bolivian populations showed deltamethrin 50 percent lethal dose ratios ranging from 1.9 to 17.4. in the case of fiproni ... | 2011 | 21845942 |
| secondary kill effect of deltamethrin on triatoma infestans. | control of the chagas disease vector, triatoma infestans, relies on the application of pyrethroid insecticides, especially deltamethrin. we performed laboratory studies to determine whether a t. infestans nymph that comes into contact with a deltamethrin-treated surface horizontally transfers the insecticide to subsequent triatomines. we found that a triatomine that walks on a deltamethrin-treated surface for a short period of time has the ability to transport the insecticide in concentrations s ... | 2011 | 21845956 |
| differential control of light-dark adaptation in the ocelli and compound eyes of triatoma infestans. | the adaptation to light of compound eyes in insects has been extensively documented and their adaptive role is well understood. much less attention has been paid, however, to the control of ocelli sensitivity, a study which could help us to understand the functional role of these simple eyes. we analyzed the dynamic changes in the distribution of screening pigments which occur in the ocelli of the haematophagous bug, triatoma infestans, when the insects are subjected either to light/dark cycles ... | 2011 | 21856308 |
| The infra-red (IR) landscape of Triatoma infestans. An hypothesis about the role of IR radiation as a cue for Triatominae dispersal. | This paper presents the infrared (IR) emission spectrum of hosts and habitats of Triatoma infestans in the chaco region of NW Argentina, representing the first attempt to correlate the natural infrared stimulus with the known behaviour of these blood-sucking insect, vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi - causative agent of Chagas disease. The study was carried out in two rural villages of La Rioja Province (Argentina). A FLYR i40 camera was used to obtain IR pictures which were analyzed to determine the ... | 2011 | 21856443 |
| Tigutcystatin, a cysteine protease inhibitor from Triatoma infestans midgut expressed in response to Trypanosoma cruzi. | The insect Triatoma infestans is a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. A cDNA library was constructed from T. infestans anterior midgut, and 244 clones were sequenced. Among the EST sequences, an open reading frame (ORF) with homology to a cystatin type 2 precursor was identified. Then, a 288-bp cDNA fragment encoding mature cystatin (lacking signal peptide) named Tigutcystatin was cloned fused to a N-terminal His tag in pET-14b vector, and the protein expressed ... | 2011 | 21875578 |
| Cuticular hydrocarbon pattern as a chemotaxonomy marker to assess intraspecific variability in Triatoma infestans, a major vector of Chagas' disease. | Triatoma infestans Klug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) populations were sampled in various localities throughout most of the species' geographic range of distribution in Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and Peru. In order to contribute to understanding of the diversity and population structure of this major vector of Chagas' disease, cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles were analysed by capillary gas chromatography and variations evaluated by statistical methods of classification and ordination. High level ... | 2011 | 21929581 |
| retracing micro-epidemics of chagas disease using epicenter regression. | vector-borne transmission of chagas disease has become an urban problem in the city of arequipa, peru, yet the debilitating symptoms that can occur in the chronic stage of the disease are rarely seen in hospitals in the city. the lack of obvious clinical disease in arequipa has led to speculation that the local strain of the etiologic agent, trypanosoma cruzi, has low chronic pathogenicity. the long asymptomatic period of chagas disease leads us to an alternative hypothesis for the absence of cl ... | 2011 | 21935346 |
| infestin 1r, an intestinal subtilisin inhibitor from triatoma infestans able to impair mammalian cell invasion by trypanosoma cruzi. | infestins are kazal-type serine protease inhibitors described in the midgut of triatoma infestans, chagas disease vector. of all infestins, only infestin 1r (inf1r) does not control host blood coagulation, due to its inhibitory specificity for chymotrypsin-like proteases. we further investigated the effect of inf1r on cell infection by trypanosoma cruzi. the importance of inf1r reactive site to inhibit t. cruzi cell invasion was confirmed using 1rsfti, a synthetic cyclic peptide containing the i ... | 2011 | 21963772 |
| Trypanosoma cruzi Genotypes of Insect Vectors and Patients with Chagas of Chile Studied by Means of Cytochrome b Gene Sequencing, Minicircle Hybridization, and Nuclear Gene Polymorphisms. | Abstract Fifty-six Trypanosoma cruzi stocks from Chile and neighboring countries and different hosts, humans, and Triatoma infestans and Mepraia sp., vectors of domiciliary and natural environments were characterized by using three molecular markers. These were cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene sequencing, minicircle DNA blotting, and hybridization with five genotype-specific DNA probes and nuclear analysis of 1f8 and gp72 by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The resu ... | 2011 | 22022808 |
| mg2+-dependent atpase activity in malpighian tubules of triatoma infestans klug. | mg(2+)-dependent atpases were investigated in malpighian tubules of the blood-sucking insect, triatoma infestans, with cytochemical procedures for light and electron microscopy. the aim was to establish patterns of enzyme occurrence in the blood-sucking insect under control rearing conditions for further comparisons with animals subjected to the action of stress factors. enzyme activity was found in laminated "concretions" present in distal cells, in edges of urate crystals at the lumen of the p ... | 2012 | 22024318 |
| Factors affecting infestation by Triatoma infestans in a rural area of the humid Chaco in Argentina: a multi-model inference approach. | Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi by Triatoma infestans remains a major public health problem in the Gran Chaco ecoregion, where understanding of the determinants of house infestation is limited. We conducted a cross-sectional study to model factors affecting bug presence and abundance at sites within house compounds in a well-defined rural area in the humid Argentine Chaco. | 2011 | 22028941 |
| hidden sylvatic foci of the main vector of chagas disease triatoma infestans: threats to the vector elimination campaign? | establishing the sources of reinfestation after residual insecticide spraying is crucial for vector elimination programs. triatoma infestans, traditionally considered to be limited to domestic or peridomestic (abbreviated as d/pd) habitats throughout most of its range, is the target of an elimination program that has achieved limited success in the gran chaco region in south america. | 2011 | 22039559 |
| Diatomaceous earth and oil enhance effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae against Triatoma infestans. | Entomopathogenic fungi, especially Metarhizium anisopliae, have potential for integrated control of peridomestic triatomine bugs. However, the high susceptibility of these vectors to fungal infection at elevated ambient humidities decreases in the comparatively dry conditions that often prevail in their microhabitats. A formulation adapted to this target pest that induces high and quick mortality can help to overcome these drawbacks. In the present study diatomaceous earth, which is used against ... | 2011 | 22155570 |
| [proposal for a predator for the destruction of triatoma infestans: tarentola mauritanica.] | the task of chagas disease control is overwhelming. one of the measures is the destruction of the bugs which act as vectors. in this paper the authors suggest trying this with a predator, a voracious insectivorous lizard, a kind of gecko: the tarentola mauritanica or moorish gecko. these geckos were transported fortuitously to argentina in cargoes of cork from their natural habitat, the mediterranean basin. they have adapted easily to their new environment. their ability to eat the kissing bug ( ... | 1980 | 22167700 |
| contribution of at-, gc-, and methylated cytidine-rich dna to chromatin composition in malpighian tubule cell nuclei of panstrongylus megistus (hemiptera, reduviidae). | the malpighian tubule cell nuclei of male panstrongylus megistus, a vector of chagas disease, contain one chromocenter, which is composed solely of the y chromosome. considering that different chromosomes contribute to the composition of chromocenters in different triatomini species, the aim of this study was to determine the contribution of at-, gc-, and methylated cytidine-rich dna in the chromocenter as well as in euchromatin of malpighian tubule cell nuclei of p. megistus in comparison with ... | 2011 | 22197484 |
| identification of a point mutation associated with pyrethroid resistance in the para-type sodium channel of triatoma infestans, a vector of chagas' disease. | the voltage-gated sodium channel is the target site of pyrethroid insecticides. point mutations in the domain ii region of the channel have been implicated in pyrethroid resistance of several insect species. we identified the sequence of domain ii from the para sodium channel in rhodnius prolixus, a vector of chagas' disease. with this information, we cloned and sequenced the domain ii of the sodium channel from the other main chagas' disease vector: triatoma infestans. we also identified the pr ... | 2012 | 22210132 |
| Intestinal aspartate proteases TiCatD and TiCatD2 of the haematophagous bug Triatoma infestans (Reduviidae): Sequence characterisation, expression pattern and characterisation of proteolytic activity. | Two aspartate protease encoding complementary deoxyribonucleic acids (cDNA) were characterised from the small intestine (posterior midgut) of Triatoma infestans and the corresponding genes were named TiCatD and TiCatD2. The deduced 390 and 393 amino acid sequences of both enzymes contain two regions characteristic for cathepsin D proteases and the conserved catalytic aspartate residues forming the catalytic dyad, but only TiCatD2 possesses an entire C-terminal proline loop. The amino acid sequen ... | 2011 | 22210150 |
| variability of the susceptibility to deltamethrin in triatoma infestans: the female factor. | we analyzed the variability of susceptibility to deltamethrin in putatively susceptible triatoma infestans klug (hemiptera: reduviidae), and evaluated the sample size implications on the hypotheses used in the current world health organization protocol for the measure of insecticide resistance in triatominae. following the protocol, using topical application of deltamethrin to unfed first instar nymphs of t. infestans, we found that susceptibility showed significant differences between offspring ... | 2011 | 22238875 |
| geographical structuring of trypanosoma cruzi populations from chilean triatoma infestans triatomines and their genetic relationship with other latino american counterparts. | in order to obtain more information about the population structure of chilean trypanosoma cruzi, and their genetic relationship with other latino american counterparts, we performed the study of t. cruzi samples detected in the midgut content of triatoma infestans insects from three endemic regions of chile. the genetic characteristics of these samples were analysed using microsatellite markers and pcr conditions that allow the detection of predominant t. cruzi clones directly in triatomine midg ... | 2011 | 22325822 |
| elimination of rhodnius prolixus in central america. | rhodnius prolixus is one of the main vectors of trypanosoma cruzi, causative agent of chagas disease. in central america, it was first discovered in 1915 in el salvador, from where it spread northwest to guatemala and mexico, and southeast to nicaragua and costa rica, arriving also in honduras in the late 1950s. indoor residual spraying (irs) by the antimalaria services of costa rica prevented its spread southwards, and similar irs programmes appear to have eliminated it from el salvador by the ... | 2012 | 22357219 |
| synanthropic triatomines (hemiptera, reduviidae) in the state of pernambuco, brazil: geographical distribution and natural trypanosoma infection rates between 2006 and 2007. | the present study shows a descriptive analysis of triatomine occurrence and its natural trypanosoma infection rates in the state of pernambuco, brazil, between 2006 and 2007. | 2012 | 22370830 |
| new discoveries of sylvatic triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) throughout the bolivian chaco. | sylvatic populations of triatoma infestans might be involved in the recolonization of human dwellings. we report here the discoveries of new t. infestans sylvatic foci in the bolivian chaco. eighty-one triatomines were caught, 38 of which were identified as t. infestans. triatoma sordida and panstrongylus geniculatus were the other species collected. one t. infestans and one t. sordida were infected with trypanosoma cruzi tci; one t. infestans was infected with tcii. these discoveries add to the ... | 2012 | 22403316 |
| real-time pcr in faecal samples of triatoma infestans obtained by xenodiagnosis: proposal for an exogenous internal control. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has proved to be a sensitive technique to detect trypanosoma cruzi in the chronic phase of chagas disease, which is characterized by low and fluctuating parasitemia. another technique proposed for parasitological diagnosis in this phase of infection combines a microscopic search for motile trypomastigote forms in faecal samples (fs) obtained by xenodiagnosis (xd) with conventional pcr (xd-pcr). in this study we evaluate the use of human blood dna as an exogeno ... | 2012 | 22448961 |
| new triatoma virus hosts in wild habitats of argentina. | triatoma virus (trv), a member of the dicistroviridae family, replicates in intestinal epithelial cells, causing delayed development and death of infected individuals. the aims of this study were to find naturally infected species of triatominae in the wild in the region endemic for chagas disease and analyze and compare the sequence diversity of trv obtained from different triatominae. a total of 253 triatominae belonging to 10 species were captured by active or passive collection. three new se ... | 2012 | 22484232 |
| temporal differences in blood meal detection from the midguts of triatoma infestans. | we used genus/species specific pcrs to determine the temporal persistence of host dna in triatoma infestans experimentally fed on blood from six common vertebrate species: humans, domestic dogs, guinea pigs, chickens, mice, and pigs. twenty third or fourth instar nymphs per animal group were allowed to feed to engorgement, followed by fasting-maintenance in the insectary. at 7, 14, 21, or 28 days post-feeding, the midgut contents from five triatomines per group were tested with the respective pc ... | 2012 | 22499421 |
| geographic distribution of chagas disease vectors in brazil based on ecological niche modeling. | although brazil was declared free from chagas disease transmission by the domestic vector triatoma infestans, human acute cases are still being registered based on transmission by native triatomine species. for a better understanding of transmission risk, the geographic distribution of brazilian triatomines was analyzed. sixteen out of 62 brazilian species that both occur in >20 municipalities and present synanthropic tendencies were modeled based on their ecological niches. panstrongylus genicu ... | 2012 | 22523500 |
| chromatoid body: remnants of nucleolar proteins during spermatogenesis in triatomine (heteroptera, triatominae). | in this study, we analyzed fibrillarin nucleolar protein expression in cbs of spermatogenic cells from testicular follicles of triatoma sordida and triatoma infestans. in the structural and ultrastructural analysis, it was used impregnation by silver ions, immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy using antibodies against fibrillarin. regarding the results, the fibrillarin nucleolar protein marked the nucleus and some cytoplasmic spots of germ cells during sper ... | 2012 | 22575217 |
| phylogenetic analysis of bolivian bat trypanosomes of the subgenus schizotrypanum based on cytochrome b sequence and minicircle analyses. | the aim of this study was to establish the phylogenetic relationships of trypanosomes present in blood samples of bolivian carollia bats. eighteen cloned stocks were isolated from 115 bats belonging to carollia perspicillata (phyllostomidae) from three amazonian areas of the chapare province of bolivia and studied by xenodiagnosis using the vectors rhodnius robustus and triatoma infestans (trypanosoma cruzi marenkellei) or haemoculture (trypanosoma dionisii). the pcr dna amplified was analyzed b ... | 2012 | 22590570 |
| identification of (l)-3-hydroxykynurenine o-sulfate in the buccal gland secretion of the parasitic lamprey, lethenteron japonicum. | parasitic lampreys are known to secrete proteins having anticoagulant and vasodilator activities from the buccal glands during feeding on their host's blood. however, small molecules in the secretion have never been explored in detail. we examined the secretion of japanese liver lamprey (lethenteron japonicum) for small molecules and found an intensely fluorescent substance upon gel filtration. after purification by anion-exchange chromatography and reversed-phase hplc, structure of the compound ... | 2012 | 22648634 |
| effects of fipronil on dogs over triatoma infestans, the main vector of trypanosoma cruzi, causative agent of chagas disease. | chagas disease is the most important endemic disease in latin america, mainly transmitted by triatoma infestans in the southern cone countries of south america. dogs are one of the main domestic reservoirs of trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of chagas disease. the presence of dogs in rural households of endemic areas significantly increases the likelihood of the vectorial transmission of the parasite. we studied the mortality and blood intake of t. infestans exposed to dogs treated with ... | 2012 | 22669692 |
| microgeographic spatial structuring of triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) populations using wing geometric morphometry in the argentine chaco. | we investigated the occurrence of spatial structuring in triatoma infestans (klug) (hemiptera: reduviidae) populations 12 yr after the last community-wide insecticide spraying campaign in rural pampa del indio, in the gran chaco of northeastern argentina. in total, 172 male and 149 female right wings collected at 16 georeferenced sites with at least 10 individuals of the same sex were analyzed using geometric morphometry. mean female body length and wing centroid size (cs) were significantly lar ... | 2012 | 22679857 |
| the kazal-type inhibitors infestins 1 and 4 differ in specificity but are similar in three-dimensional structure. | blood coagulation is an important process in haemostasis, and disorders of blood coagulation can lead to an increased risk of haemorrhage and thrombosis. coagulation is highly conserved in mammals and has been comprehensively studied in humans in the investigation of bleeding or thrombotic diseases. some substances can act as inhibitors of blood coagulation and may affect one or multiple enzymes throughout the process. a specific thrombin inhibitor called infestin has been isolated from the midg ... | 2012 | 22683792 |
| genetic characterization of trypanosoma cruzi dtus in wild triatoma infestans from bolivia: predominance of tci. | the current persistence of triatoma infestans (one of the main vectors of chagas disease) in some domestic areas could be related to re-colonization by wild populations which are increasingly reported. however, the infection rate and the genetic characterization of the trypanosoma cruzi strains infecting these populations are very limited. | 2012 | 22685616 |
| lack of segregation between two species of chagas disease vectors. | triatoma infestans and panstrongylus megistus are relevant chagas disease vectors. an apparent segregation among these triatomine species inside human households was suggested to rely on mutual repellence between them. however, p. megistus and t. infestans show aggregation responses to chemical signals emitted by the other species. these findings do not rule out the possibility that stimuli other than chemical signals could mediate repellence when these species exploit shelters simultaneously. i ... | 2012 | 22764300 |
| differential pattern of infection of sylvatic nymphs and domiciliary adults of triatoma infestans with trypanosoma cruzi genotypes in chile. | in chile, the main vector of chagas disease, triatoma infestans, is under control after insecticide spraying. however, it has been found colonizing wild habitats. this study evaluated trypanosoma cruzi infection of sylvatic and domiciliary t. infestans and identified their parasite genotypes. the sample studied was composed mainly of t. infestans sylvatic nymphs and domiciliary adults from a semi-urban area with human dwellings under vector control surveillance. results showed prevalences of 57. ... | 2012 | 22802439 |
| toxicity of non-pyrethroid insecticides against triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae). | triatoma infestans (klug) is the main vector of chagas disease, which is a public health concern in most latin american countries. the prevention of chagas disease is based on the chemical control of the vector using pyrethroid insecticides. in the last decade, different levels of deltamethrin resistance have been detected in certain areas of argentina and bolivia. because of this, alternative non-pyrethroid insecticides from different chemical groups were evaluated against two t. infestans popu ... | 2012 | 22850959 |
| essential oil of azorella cryptantha collected in two different locations from san juan province, argentina: chemical variability and anti-insect and antimicrobial activities. | the essential oils (eos) of two populations of azorella cryptantha (clos) reiche, a native species from san juan province, were obtained by hydrodistillation in a clevenger-type apparatus and characterized by gc-fid and gc/ms analyses. the compounds identified amounted to 92.3 and 88.7% of the total oil composition for a. cryptantha from bauchaceta (ac-bau) and agua negra (ac-an), respectively. the eo composition for the two populations was similar, although with differences in the identity and ... | 2012 | 22899606 |
| spatial heterogeneity and risk maps of community infestation by triatoma infestans in rural northwestern argentina. | fifty years of residual insecticide spraying to control triatoma infestans in the gran chaco region of northern argentina, paraguay and bolivia shows that vertically coordinated interventions aiming at full coverage have limited effects and are unsustainable. we quantified the spatial distribution of t. infestans domestic infestation at the district level, identified environmental factors associated with high infestation and then explored the usefulness of risk maps for the spatial stratificatio ... | 2012 | 22905276 |
| the development and validation of a risk score for household infestation by triatoma infestans, a bolivian vector of chagas disease. | chagas disease, primarily spread in bolivia by the vector triatoma infestans, persists as an important public health problem. preventative insecticide campaigns target spraying on the basis of anecdotal evidence and there is a need for an accurate classification score to correctly identify 'at risk' houses. data were collected from 337 households on 11 variables through the use of a standardised questionnaire and survey. risk factors for infestation were identified and a risk score was developed ... | 2012 | 22975298 |
| scarce events of mitochondrial introgression in trypanosoma cruzi: new case with a bolivian strain. | trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of chagas disease, presents a predominantly clonal structure that has been shaped by recombination events leading to six genetic groups (dtus, discrete typing units, tci-tcvi). several conventional and unconventional genetic exchange events have been described, including hybridization and mitochondrial introgression, which is explored here among bolivian and peruvian strains belonging to tci because recombination events have been previously suspected by means of the ... | 2012 | 22982157 |
| triatomicidal effect of new spot-on formulations applied to poultry in semi-field conditions. | chagas disease is an endemic disease affecting ten million people in the american continent. produced by a parasite transmitted by triatomine insects, the main actions for reducing the incidence of this disease are focused on the control of insect vectors. this type of control has produced highly effective results within rural homes, but not in peridomestic areas (kitchens, warehouses, hen houses and other buildings not attached to the houses). the object of the present study was to assess the t ... | 2013 | 23001549 |
| post-control surveillance of triatoma infestans and triatoma sordida with chemically-baited sticky traps. | chagas disease prevention critically depends on keeping houses free of triatomine vectors. insecticide spraying is very effective, but re-infestation of treated dwellings is commonplace. early detection-elimination of re-infestation foci is key to long-term control; however, all available vector-detection methods have low sensitivity. chemically-baited traps are widely used in vector and pest control-surveillance systems; here, we test this approach for triatoma spp. detection under field condit ... | 2012 | 23029583 |
| direct molecular identification of trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units in domestic and peridomestic triatoma infestans and triatoma sordida from the argentine chaco. | we assessed the distribution of trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units (dtus) in domestic and peridomestic triatoma infestans and triatoma sordida specimens collected in a well-defined rural area in pampa del indio, northeastern argentina. microscopically-positive bugs were randomly selected with a multi-level sampling design, and dtus were identified using direct pcr strategies. tcvi predominated in 61% of 69 t. infestans and in 56% of 9 t. sordida. tcv was the secondary dtu in t. infestans (1 ... | 2012 | 23036510 |
| cytogenetic study in a mutant of triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) carrying a spontaneous autosomal fusion and an extra chromosome. | triatomainfestans (2n = 20 a + xy, male) is a blood-sucking bug and the most important vector of chagas disease in the southern cone countries. a cytogenetic analysis of 14 individuals from the argentine gran chaco has revealed the presence of a naturally heterozygous for an autosomal fusion. the fusion heterozygote (2n = 19 a + 1 extra chromosome + xy, male) presented an autosomal trivalent, 8 bivalents, the x and y sex univalents, and a minute extra chromosome at meiosis i. the autosomal triva ... | 2013 | 23037941 |
| predominance of hybrid discrete typing units of trypanosoma cruzi in domestic triatoma infestans from the bolivian gran chaco region. | in the gran chaco region the reinfestation by triatoma infestans remains a major problem for control of chagas disease. trypanosoma cruzi the agent of the illness presents a broad genetic intraspecific variability which is poorly documented in the bolivian gran chaco. this work presents the identification of the discrete typing units (dtus) currently recognized for t. cruzi in t. infestans populations collected before and after residual insecticide spraying in four villages in this region. befor ... | 2013 | 23047136 |
| novel adipokinetic hormones in the kissing bugs rhodnius prolixus, triatoma infestans, dipetalogaster maxima and panstrongylus megistus. | peptides of the adipokinetic hormone (akh)/red pigment-concentrating hormone (rpch) family were isolated and sequenced from the retrocerebral corpora cardiaca of four kissing bugs which are all vectors of the protozoan trypanosoma cruzi responsible for chagas' disease. the sequence of three novel akhs were deduced from the multiple ms(n) electrospray mass data: the octapeptide pglu-leu-thr-phe-ser-thr-asp-trp amide (denoted rhopr-akh) in rhodnius prolixus and panstrongylus megistus, the nonapept ... | 2013 | 23137850 |
| selective factor xiia inhibition attenuates silent brain ischemia: application of molecular imaging targeting coagulation pathway. | the purpose of this study was use molecular imaging targeting coagulation pathway and inflammation to better understand the pathophysiology of silent brain ischemia (sbi) and monitor the effects of factor xiia inhibition. | 2012 | 23153913 |
| development of blastocrithidia triatomae (trypanosomatidae) in triatoma infestans after vitamin b-supplementation of the blood-diet of the bug. | investigations of the interrelationships of the trypanosomatid blastocrithidia triatomae and the reduviid bug triatoma infestans indicated an interference of b. triatomae with bug symbionts or with their vitamin supply. for an initial study of this possibility, b. triatomae-infected bugs were fed two or three times at monthly intervals on defibrinated sheep blood with or without b-group vitamin supplementation (folic acid, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, riboflavin, and thiamin). t ... | 1991 | 23194605 |
| attachment of blastocrithidia triatomae (trypanosomatidae) by flagellum and cell body in the midgut of the reduviid bug triatoma infestans. | the pathology and attachment of blastocrithidia triatomae in two regions of the midgut of the reduviid bug triatoma infestans (the stomach and the small intestine) were investigated by electron microscopy. in both regions the extracellular-membrane layers and the apical microvilli were often reduced, and some cells of the intestinal wall were vacuolated. in the stomach two types of attachment occurred: flagella with intraflagellar swellings lay over and between the apices of the microvilli of th ... | 1992 | 23195236 |
| trypanosoma cruzi genotypes in mepraia gajardoi from wild ecotopes in northern chile. | we evaluated trypanosoma cruzi infection in 397 wild mepraia gajardoi specimens from five coastal localities in northern chile by detection of minicircle dna by polymerase chain reaction. the wild capture sites were classified into two ecotopes: a fully wild ecotope (ecotope 1) and a wild ecotope near human dwellings (ecotope 2). infection rates varied between 11% and 27%. minicircle hybridization assays showed that t. cruzi lineages tc ii and tc vi were commonly detected in ecotope 1 and ecotop ... | 2013 | 23249691 |
| scientific evidence of three different insecticide-resistant profiles in triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) populations from argentina and bolivia. | triatoma infestans (klug, 1834) (hemiptera, reduviidae) is the main vector of chagas disease in the southern cone south america. chemical control to the vectors appears to be the best option to reduce the incidence of the disease. however, since 2002, high resistance to insecticides that correlated with field control failures was detected in t. infestans from argentina and bolivia. in this paper, we analyzed three t. infestans populations whose pyrethroid-resistance had been recently detected, a ... | 2012 | 23270163 |
| unexpected failures to control chagas disease vectors with pyrethroid spraying in northern argentina. | effectiveness of the elimination efforts against triatoma infestans (klug) in south america through residual application of pyrethroid insecticides has been highly variable in the gran chaco region. we investigated apparent vector control failures after a standard community-wide spraying with deltamethrin sc in a rural area of northeastern argentina encompassing 353 houses. insecticide spraying reduced house infestation less than expected: from 49.5% at baseline to 12.3 and 6.7% at 4 and 8 mo po ... | 2012 | 23270166 |