Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the hrpn(ea) harpin from erwinia amylovora triggers differential responses on the nonhost arabidopsis thaliana cells and on the host apple cells. | erwinia amylovora is a gram-negative necrogenic bacterium causing fire blight of the maloideae subfamily of rosaceae such as apple and pear. it provokes progressive necrosis in aerial parts of susceptible host plants (compatible interaction) and a hypersensitive reaction (hr) when infiltrated in nonhost plants (incompatible interaction). the hrpn(ea) harpin is a type three secretion system effector secreted by e. amylovora. this protein is involved in pathogenicity and hr-eliciting capacity of e ... | 2007 | 17249426 |
| leptographium piriforme sp. nov., from a taxonomically diverse collection of arthropods collected in an aspen-dominated forest in western canada. | during a survey of fungi associated with arthropods collected in a southern boreal mixed-wood forest in alberta we obtained 29 isolates of a unique species of leptographium. this species displayed a distinct combination of characteristics, including curved conidia on short-stipitate conidiophores, a secondary micronematous conidial state, stalked pear-shaped cells and an optimal growth rate at 35 c, and is described as leptographium piriforme sp. nov. the isolates were most similar morphological ... | 2007 | 17256580 |
| indole-3-acetic acid enhances the biocontrol of penicillium expansum and botrytis cinerea on pear fruit by cryptococcus laurentii. | this study evaluated the efficacy of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) alone or with a biocontrol yeast, cryptococcus laurentii, in the inhibition of blue and gray mold diseases (penicillium expansum and botrytis cinerea) on pear fruit. the results demonstrated that a combination of c. laurentii with iaa at 100 microg ml(-1) was more effective in suppressing blue and gray mold infections on pear fruit than application of c. laurentii alone. iaa alone or with c. laurentii stimulated catalase, peroxidase ... | 2007 | 17286561 |
| insecticide resistance may enhance the response to a host-plant volatile kairomone for the codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.). | the behavioral and electroantennographic responses of cydia pomonella (l.) to the ripe pear volatile ethyl (2e,4z)-2,4-decadienoate (et-e,z-dd), were compared in insecticide-susceptible and -resistant populations originating from southern france. a dose-response relationship to this kairomonal attractant was established for antennal activity and did not reveal differences between susceptible and resistant strains. conversely, males of the laboratory strains expressing metabolic [cytochrome p450- ... | 2007 | 17297628 |
| aggregation pheromone of metamasius spinolae (coleoptera: curculionidae): chemical analysis and field test. | male metamasius spinolae (gylh.) produce several volatile compounds that are likely constituents of its aggregation pheromone. these compounds were identified by volatile collections and gas chromatography (gc), followed by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), as 2-methyl-4-heptanone [1], 6-methyl-2hepten-4-one [2], and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-heptanone [3]. preliminary field experiments using synthetic racemates of these compounds showed that significantly more adult cactus weevil ... | 2007 | 17349116 |
| common subtropical and tropical nonpollen food sources of the boll weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae). | it is known that substantial boll weevil, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman, individuals can survive mild subtropical winters in some habitats, such as citrus orchards. our study shows that endocarp of the fruit from prickly pear cactus, opuntia engelmannii salm-dyck ex. engel.; orange, citrus sinensis l. osbeck.; and grapefruit, citrus paradisi macfad., can sustain newly emerged adult boll weevils for >5 mo, which is the duration of the cotton-free season in the subtropical lower rio grande va ... | 2007 | 17349122 |
| multiple mating of male and female codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in apple orchards treated with sex pheromone. | studies were conducted with codling moth, cydia pomonella l., to evaluate the mating status of male and female moths in apple, malus domestica (borkhausen), orchards treated with and without sex pheromone dispensers. laboratory studies first examined the effect of multiple mating of male and female moths on female fecundity and egg fertility. females that had mated three times had a significantly higher fecundity than singly mated moths. sequential mating by male moths had no effect on the fecun ... | 2007 | 17349129 |
| field evaluation of a botanical natural product against the pear psylla (homoptera: psyllidae). | a 2-yr field study was conducted to evaluate a botanical natural product, aksebio2, for control of pear psylla, cacopsylla pyri l. (homoptera: psyllidae). three applications were made each year. whereas the first application was applied at the dormant period (just before the first eggs were deposited by overwintered females), the second and third applications, respectively, were against the first and second summer generations of pear psylla. the first application deterred winterform females from ... | 2007 | 17370811 |
| the syrinx of the male mallard (anas platyrhynchos): special anatomical features. | the aim of this study was to investigate the special anatomical and topographical features of the syrinx in male adult stock ducks (anas platyrhynchos). the syrinx of the mallard is a tracheobronchial type, consisting of a tympanum, a pessulus, medial tympaniform membranes, interanular membranes, an interbronchial ligament (bronchidesmus), and bronchosyringeal cartilage semi-rings. using a frozen sagittal section, it was possible to document the syringeal valve at the right lateral side of the t ... | 2007 | 17371385 |
| rapid idiopathic osteolysis of the humeral head and clavicle. | idiopathic osteolysis is a very rare bone condition of unknown origin. the length of the illness usually lasts for several years. the purpose of this paper is to point out the possibility of severely rapid progression of idiopathic osteolysis and to contribute to a better understanding of the natural history of gorham-stout disease. we report the case of a 58-year old man whose right humeral head and lateral clavicle had disappeared as a result of massive osteolysis observed only six months afte ... | 2006 | 17373306 |
| identification and introduction of some iran pollinator bees of colletidae, halictidae, and megachilidae (hym: apoidea). | insufficient pollination results in less yield and low quality of crops. many vegetables depend on the cross pollination to produce valuable seeds or fruits. most flowering plants, fruit and seed formation are highly dependent on the activity of pollinator bees and in some crop such as alfalfa no seeds will form in the absence of bees. the most important crops of iran from stone fruits (peach, almond, plum, cherry and apricot), pome fruits (apple, pear and quince), alfalfa, clover, sunflower, et ... | 2006 | 17385532 |
| brown spot control on pear: infection models versus the inoculum pressure in belgium. | stemphylium conidia and pleospora ascospores were monitored in pear orchards in the region of haspengouw in belgium during the infectious periods of brown spot disease (end may - end august) in the years 2002, 2004 and 2005. the seasonal and daily dynamics of the captured fungal spores are discussed and a correlation analysis was performed to determine possible correlation with weather parameters. furthermore the fungicide cover obtained by spraying upon climatological infection risk is compared ... | 2006 | 17390829 |
| aureobasidium pullulansas a biocontrol agent of blue mold in "rocha" pear. | the blue mold of "rocha" pear caused by penicillium expansum is an important postharvest disease which is adequately controlled by application of synthetic fungicides. in recent years, strategies like biological control have been considered a desirable alternative to chemicals. several studies have demonstrated the potential of the yeast-like fungus aureobasidium pullulans for control of postharvest decay of pear. a portuguese isolate of aureobasidium pullulans was characterized and evaluated fo ... | 2006 | 17390846 |
| increasing survival and efficacy of a bacterial biocontrol agent of fire blight of rosaceous plants by means of osmoadaptation. | the efficacy of pseudomonas fluorescens eps62e in the biocontrol of erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight of apple and pear, depends on the colonization of plant surfaces after spray application. a procedure to increase cell survival in the phyllosphere was developed consisting of saline stress and osmolyte amendment to the growth medium during inoculum preparation. hyperosmotic stress induced the synthesis of the osmolytes trehalose, n-acetylglutaminylglutamine amide and glucosyl-g ... | 2007 | 17391328 |
| pear distillates from pear juice concentrate: effect of lees in the aromatic composition. | pear juice obtained from pear concentrate was fermented at room temperature using saccharomyces cerevisiae (bdx, enoferm, france) as the fermentation microorganism. during the fermentation process, total sugars were measured. high performance liquid chromatography analyses were used to monitor the fermentation process and to characterize the pear wine. the pear wine obtained was distilled with its lees using three different equipments: a glass alembic (a glass pot still coupled to a glass column ... | 2007 | 17394335 |
| the notch1/c-myc pathway in t cell leukemia. | the notch receptor family and its ligands (delta-like and jagged) have been found deregulated in several human cancers. we and the aster/pear group recently identified c-myc as a direct transcriptional target gene of the notch1 pathway in t cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (t-all). although the oncogenic roles of c-myc and notch1 are established, a direct link between notch1 and c-myc had not been demonstrated. importantly, our work in mouse tal1 tumor cell lines revealed that leukemic growth/s ... | 2007 | 17404512 |
| biocontrol of blue and gray mold diseases of pear fruit by integration of antagonistic yeast with salicylic acid. | this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the biocontrol yeast cryptococcus laurentii and salicylic acid (sa) in suppressing the blue and gray mould rots in pear fruit and to explore possible mode of action involved. our results showed that the combined treatment of pear fruit with c. laurentii with sa at 100 microg ml(-1) resulted in a remarkably improved control of penicillium expansum and botrytis cinerea infections, including the pre-inoculated p. expansum, in comparison with the ... | 2007 | 17428566 |
| effect of shape on the dielectric properties of biological cell suspensions. | in this note, we analyze the effect of cell shape on the dielectric and conductometric behavior of biological cell suspension, in a frequency range where the interfacial polarization characteristic of highly heterogeneous systems occurs. we consider two different families of curves, both of them capable of generating a variety of symmetric or asymmetric shapes, ranging from oval, to dog-bone like, to lemniscate curves. these curves, which differ from those generally employed in dielectric models ... | 2007 | 17428746 |
| influence of within-orchard trap placement on catch of codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in sex pheromone-treated orchards. | the influence of trap placement on catches of codling moth, cydia pomonella l., was examined in a series of studies conducted in orchards treated with isomate-c plus sex pheromone dispensers. mark-recapture tests with sterilized moths released along the interface of pairs of treated and untreated apple and pear plots found that significantly more male but not female moths were recaptured on interception traps placed in the treated plots. in a second test, significantly higher numbers of wild mal ... | 2007 | 17445378 |
| spermiogenesis and sperm ultrastructure of deropristis inflata molin, 1859 (digenea, deropristidae), a parasite of anguilla anguilla. | to our knowledge, this paper describes the first ultrastructural results on spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon of a digenea belonging to the family deropristidae, deropristis inflata. spermiogenesis follows the usual pattern found in the digeneans, but a single noteworthy characteristic concerns the centriole, which presents a "prominent pear-shaped electron-dense region." spermiogenesis in d. inflata begins with the formation of a differentiation zone. the two centrioles give rise to flagella. ... | 2007 | 17484073 |
| cloning and characterization of a balsam pear class i chitinase gene (mcchit1) and its ectopic expression enhances fungal resistance in transgenic plants. | a balsam pear (momordica charantia l.) chitinase (mcchit1) was purified and sequenced at the n-terminal. the genomic and cdna coding sequences of mcchit1 were cloned by rapid amplification of 3' cdna ends (3'-race) and the y-shaped adaptor dependent extension (yade) method. sequence analysis showed that the mcchit1 protein is a class i chitinase containing a chitin-binding domain and a catalytic domain, but no c-terminal extension. northern blot indicated that the mcchit1 transcription is wound- ... | 2007 | 17485855 |
| morphological features of spermatozoa of swamp buffalo ai bulls in thailand. | the appearance and incidence of sperm abnormalities was studied in 115 ejaculates, collected periodically over 1 year covering all seasons from five mature, healthy swamp buffalo (bubalus bubalis) bulls reared under tropical conditions and serving as the current source of semen for artificial insemination (ai) in thailand. light microscopy of stained smears was used to investigate sperm head shape morphology, while unstained wet smears were used to examine other sperm abnormalities. the most com ... | 2007 | 17493162 |
| giardia lamblia infection diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration. | the protozoan giardia lamblia is a major cause of gastrointestinal disease worldwide. we report the case of a 59-yr-old male who presented to his primary care physician with complaints of abdominal pain and weight loss. imaging studies revealed a liver mass and a pancreatic head mass. biopsy of the liver mass proved to be benign, and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of the mass in the head of the pancreas showed no evidence of malignancy; however, numerous pear-shaped, binucle ... | 2007 | 17497659 |
| occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in artisanal palmero cheese smoked with two types of vegetable matter. | palmero cheese is a fresh smoked cheese from the isle of palma (canary islands), manufactured with goat's milk. to guarantee its safety, the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) in artisanal palmero cheese smoked with 2 types of vegetable matter (almond shells and dry prickly pear) was studied. the determination of pah includes extraction and clean-up steps, followed by separation, identification, and quantification of pah by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in selected ion-m ... | 2007 | 17517711 |
| polymorphism of sfbb-gamma and its use for s genotyping in japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia). | japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia) exhibits the s-rnase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility where the pollen-part determinant, pollen s, had long remained elusive. recent identification of s locus f-box brothers (sfbb) in japanese pear and apple suggested that the multiple f-box genes are the pollen s candidates as they exhibited pollen specific expression, s haplotype-specific polymorphisms and linkage to the s locus. in japanese pear, three sfbbs were identified from a single s haplotype, and ... | 2007 | 17541597 |
| over-expression of the apple spermidine synthase gene in pear confers multiple abiotic stress tolerance by altering polyamine titers. | an apple spermidine synthase (spds) gene (mdspds1) was verified to encode a functional protein by the complementation of the spe3 yeast mutant, which lacks the spds gene. to justify our hypothesis that apple spds is involved in abiotic stress responses and to obtain transgenic fruit trees tolerant to abiotic stresses as well, mdspds1-over-expressing transgenic european pear (pyrus communis l. 'ballad') plants were created by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. a total of 21 transgenic lines s ... | 2008 | 17549601 |
| proteomic analysis of core breakdown disorder in conference pears (pyrus communis l.). | 2-de was applied to study core breakdown disorder in controlled atmosphere stored 'conference' pears. this physiological disorder is characterized by internal browning of the fruit tissue and the development of cavities. suitable protein phenol extraction/ammonium acetate-methanol precipitation and 2-de protocols for a wide ph range were established for pear tissue. the protein expression profiles of healthy, sound (intact tissue of pears with core breakdown) and brown tissue were analyzed with ... | 2007 | 17566975 |
| comparison of specificity and sensitivity of immunochemical and molecular techniques for reliable detection of erwinia amylovora. | erwinia amylovora [(burrill) winslow et al.] (ea), the causal agent of fire blight, was detected in plant samples and pure bacterial cultures by means of pcr, ifas and elisa. polyclonal antibodies of neogen europe ltd. were used for ifas and pta-elisa and laboratory-generated primers eaf72 and ear560 for pcr. using the biolog system and an immature pear fruit assay, identities of all ea strains were confirmed as the fire blight bacterium. in assays of pure ea cultures, pta-elisa, and both ifas a ... | 2007 | 17575916 |
| evaluation of the pear ester kairomone as a formulation additive for the granulovirus of codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in pome fruit. | (e,z) -2,4-decadienoate (pear ester) is a larval kairomone for the codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.) (lepidoptera: tortricidae). orchard studies were conducted in 2005 and 2006 in apple, malus domestica borkhausen, and pear, pyrus communis l., to evaluate a 5% active ingredient (ai), microencapsulated formulation of pear ester (pe-mec) as an insecticidal additive for the codling moth granulovirus (cpgv). although cpgv applied at 5-15-d intervals at commercial rates (2.2 x 10(12)-10(13) granules ... | 2007 | 17598528 |
| evaluation of different growth media for the recovery of the species of alicyclobacillus. | five different isolation media, namely potato dextrose agar (pda), orange serum agar (osa), k agar, yeast-starch-glucose agar and bacillus acidocaldarius medium were evaluated for the recovery of alicyclobacillus spp. from inoculated diluted and undiluted fruit-juice concentrates. | 2007 | 17651223 |
| mechanisms of antagonism of pseudomonas fluorescens eps62e against erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight. | pseudomonas fluorescens eps62e was selected during a screening procedure for its high efficacy in controlling infections by erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight disease, on different plant materials. in field trials carried out in pear trees during bloom, eps62e colonized flowers until the carrying capacity, providing a moderate efficacy of fire-blight control. the putative mechanisms of eps62e antagonism against e. amylovora were studied. eps62e did not produce antimicrobial compo ... | 2007 | 17661291 |
| antagonistic action of harpin proteins: hrpwea from erwinia amylovora suppresses hrpnea-induced cell death in arabidopsis thaliana. | harpins are proteins secreted by the type-three secretion system of phytopathogenic bacteria. they are known to induce a hypersensitive response (hr) in non-host plant leaf tissue. erwinia amylovora, the fire blight pathogen of pear and apple trees, secretes two different harpins, hrpnea and hrpwea. in the present study, we showed that an erwinia amylovora hrpwea mutant induces stronger electrolyte leakages in arabidopsis thaliana foliar disks than the wild-type strain, thus suggesting that hrpw ... | 2007 | 17726062 |
| host-specific phytotoxic polysaccharide from apple tissue infected by erwinia amylovora. | a toxin isolated from apple fruit tissue infected by erwinia amylovora is 98 percent galactose in polymeric form, 0.375 percent protein, and has an average molecular weight of approximately 165,000. young shoots of rosaceous, but not nonrosaceous, species wilt in a manner characteristic of the disease when placed in toxin solutions with concentrations as low as 10 micrograms per milliliter. varieties of apple and pear susceptible to erwinia amylovora wilt in 1 to 3 hours, whereas resistant varie ... | 1974 | 17738972 |
| the perfect stage of leaf-spot of pear and quince. | 1909 | 17777277 | |
| microbial control of insect pests in temperate orchard systems: potential for incorporation into ipm. | because of their selectivity and safety, microbial control agents (mcas) appear to be ready-made components of integrated pest management (ipm) systems that do not pose a threat to applicators or the environment and allow other natural enemies to function. control of several orchard pest insects using mcas, including viruses, bacillus thuringiensis, fungi, and entomopathogenic nematodes (epns), have been demonstrated in apple, pear, stone fruits, citrus, and several nut crops. b. thuringiensis i ... | 2008 | 17803454 |
| [effects of exogenous nitric oxide donor on lipid peroxidation of pear leaves infected by physalosproa pirico nose]. | this paper studied the effects of 0.3 mmol x l(-1) snp on the antioxidant enzymes and reactive oxygen in pear leaves infected by physalosproa piricola nose. the results showed that compared with ck1 (spraying leaves with water and infecting with p. piricola nose), 0.3 mmol x l(-1) snp could increase the activities of leaf pod, sod, cat and ppo and the contents of leaf asa, gsh and proline by 39.41%, 21.11%, 41.61%, 13.04%, 44.45%, 48.32% and 33.80%, while decrease the contents of leaf mda and h2 ... | 2007 | 17886652 |
| genetic mapping of genes for susceptibility to black spot disease in japanese pears. | black spot disease, which is caused by the japanese pear pathotype of alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler, is one of the most harmful diseases in japanese pear cultivation. we identified the exact positions and linkage groups (lgs) of the genes for susceptibility to black spot in the japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) cultivars 'osa nijisseiki' (gene ani) and 'nansui' (gene ana). segregation of susceptibility and resistance fitted the expected ratio of 1:1 in progeny of 'nansui' but showed a ... | 2007 | 17893733 |
| lymphatics and bone. | there is controversy regarding whether lymphatic vessels are present or absent in bone. although lymphangiomas have been described in bone, lymphatic vessels have not been identified morphologically with certainty in any other benign or malignant bone tumors or in normal human bone. in this study, we determined by immunohistochemistry, using 2 specific lymphatic endothelial cell markers, lyve-1 and podoplanin, whether lymphatics are present in normal bone and a wide range of primary and secondar ... | 2008 | 17904616 |
| the role of luxs in the fire blight pathogen erwinia amylovora is limited to metabolism and does not involve quorum sensing. | erwinia amylovora is a gram-negative phytopathogen that causes fire blight of pome fruit and related members of the family rosaceae. we sequenced the putative autoinducer-2 (ai-2) synthase gene luxs from e. amylovora. diversity analysis indicated that this gene is extremely conserved among e. amylovora strains. quorum sensing mediated by luxs has been implicated in coordinated gene expression, growth, and virulence in other enterobacteria; however, our evidence suggests this is not the function ... | 2007 | 17918630 |
| isolation and identification of species of alicyclobacillus from orchard soil in the western cape, south africa. | alicyclobacilli were isolated from orchard soil collected from an apple and pear farm in elgin, western cape, south africa. morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics of the isolates were used to presumptively classify them as belonging to the genus alicyclobacillus. strains were identified to species level by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with genus-specific primers, and 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene sequencing. to our knowledge this is the first report on the isolation of a ... | 2008 | 17938854 |
| a library of linear undecapeptides with bactericidal activity against phytopathogenic bacteria. | a 125-member library of synthetic linear undecapeptides was prepared based on a previously described peptide h-k(1)klfkkilkf(10)l-nh(2) (bp76) that inhibited in vitro growth of the plant pathogenic bacteria erwinia amylovora, xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria, and pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae at low micromolar concentrations. peptides were designed using a combinatorial chemistry approach by incorporating amino acids possessing various degrees of hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity at po ... | 2007 | 17980935 |
| purification and characterization of a non-s-rnase and s-rnases from styles of japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia). | in this study we biochemically characterized stylar ribonucleases (rnases) of japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia), which exhibits s-rnase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility. we separated the rnase fractions ns-1, ns-2, and ns-3 from stylar extracts of the cultivar nijisseiki (s(2)s(4)). the rnase in each fraction was purified to homogeneity through a series of chromatographic steps. chemical analysis of the proteins revealed that the basic rnases in the ns-2 and ns-3 fractions were the s(4)- an ... | 2007 | 17988882 |
| positive interaction of a feeding attractant and a host kairomone for trapping the codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.). | codling moths are attracted to acetic acid and to ethyl-(e,z)-2,4-decadienoate, the pear ester, when presented individually. the attraction to acetic acid is thought to be a food finding behavior, whereas the pear odorant, ethyl-(e,z)-2,4-decadienoate, may be a host kairomone. we found, in a flight tunnel study, that more male and female codling moths were captured in traps when the compounds were presented together compared to tested separately. the combination of odorants provides a stronger l ... | 2007 | 17992562 |
| formation of zinc-chlorophyll-derivative complexes in thermally processed green pears (pyrus communis l.). | the formation of zinc-chlorophyll-derivative complexes was investigated in peels-on green d'anjou pears when subjected to blanching in zinc ion solution (1300, 2600, and 0 ppm) at 94 degrees c for 6, 12, or 18 min and then canning at 94 degrees c for 20 min. the peels removed from the pears were freeze-dried and ground into powders in liquid nitrogen for pigment extraction using ethyl ether. the visual absorption of the extracts was measured using a spectrophotometer along with identification an ... | 2007 | 17995638 |
| carotenoids and color of fruit juice and milk beverage mixtures. | seventeen commercially available, "ready to drink" fortified beverages consisting of mixtures of fruit juices and milk were analyzed to evaluate their carotenoid profile (including their z/e stereoisomers) and color during their commercial shelf life. lightness (l*) was found to be correlated with the content of milk in the mixtures (r= 0.649) whereas red-yellow colors were correlated with the contents of alpha-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, and beta-carotene supplied by the fruit. the beverages ... | 2007 | 18034704 |
| characterisation of secreted polysaccharides and (glyco)proteins from suspension cultures of pyrus communis. | high molecular weight material recovered from the culture filtrate of cell suspension cultured pyrus communis was composed of 81% carbohydrate, 13% protein and 5% inorganic material. this material was separated into three fractions (one neutral (fraction a) and two acidic (fractions b and c)), by anion-exchange chromatography on deae-sepharose cl-6b using a gradient of imidazole-hcl at ph 7.0. the monosaccharide and linkage composition of each fraction was determined after carboxyl reduction of ... | 2008 | 18037144 |
| tuft cells. | tuft cells, also known as brush cells, are widespread in the hollow organs of the digestive tract including the duct system of the salivary gland and in the respiratory tract, from simple vertebrates to humans. the shape of tuft cells varies from pear-shaped, to barrel-shaped and goblet-shaped, apparently depending on the plane of section. the most characteristic morphological features of tuft cells are their long and blunt microvilli, which have prominent rootlets, and a well developed tubulove ... | 2007 | 18062147 |
| morphology and ultrastructure of a specialized bacterial pouch in the digestive tract of tetraponera ants (formicidae, pseudomyrmecinae). | the digestive tract in workers of some species of the pseudomyrmecine ant genus tetraponera is characterized by a conspicuous pear-shaped diverticulum at the transition between the midgut and the intestine, that so far has not been found in any other ant species. as this organ is filled with a mass of bacteria, we propose to designate it as a bacterial pouch. its distal wall is formed by a thin ectodermal epithelium, through which tens of tracheal branches penetrate into the bacterial mass that ... | 2000 | 18088931 |
| effect of chitin on the antagonistic activity of cryptococcus laurentii against penicillium expansum in pear fruit. | this study was designed to evaluate the impact of chitin on the antagonistic activity of cryptococcus laurentii against the postharvest blue mold rot caused by penicillium expansum in pear fruit. the results showed that the antagonistic activity of c. laurentii obtained from the culture media of nutrient yeast dextrose broth (nydb) amended with chitin at 0.5-1.0% was improved greatly compared with the case that without chitin. the addition of chitin to nydb did not influence the growth of c. lau ... | 2008 | 18162192 |
| [trauma and psychosis]. | since the 1990's a vast amount of research has been done on early traumatic experiences leading to serious psychopathology in adults. at the same time, several researchers started to assume a relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) and psychotic states. patients suffering from ptsd often experience intrusive flashback memories which at the time seem quite present, real, absorbing and uncontrollable to them. from this point of view they have quite similar experiences as psychoti ... | 2007 | 18167424 |
| deletion of a 236 kb region around s 4-rnase in a stylar-part mutant s 4sm-haplotype of japanese pear. | japanese pear (pyrus pyrifolia nakai) has a gametophytic self-incompatibility (gsi) mechanism controlled by a single s-locus with multiple s-haplotypes, each of which contains separate genes that determine the allelic identity of pistil and pollen. the pistil s gene is the s-ribonuclease (s-rnase) gene, whereas good candidates for the pollen s gene are the f-box protein genes. a self-compatible (sc) cultivar, 'osa-nijisseiki', which is a bud mutant of 'nijisseiki' (s (2) s (4)), has a stylar-par ... | 2008 | 18175198 |
| add-on mirtazapine enhances effects on cognition in schizophrenic patients under stabilized treatment with clozapine. | the development of therapeutic strategies for cognitive dysfunction remains one of the primary goals in the treatment of schizophrenia. the pharmacodynamic profile of mirtazapine, an antidepressant that enhances noradrenergic and serotonergic transmission, is based on a presynaptic alpha2 antagonism and postsynaptic 5-ht2 and 5-ht3 antagonism. mirtazapine shares some pharmacological similarities with that of clozapine. this 8-week open label trial aimed to discover whether the addition of 30 mg ... | 2007 | 18179309 |
| sperm morphology and chromatin integrity in swedish warmblood stallions and their relationship to pregnancy rates. | artificial insemination is not as widely used in horses as in other domestic species, such as dairy cattle and pigs, partly because of the wide variation in sperm quality between stallion ejaculates and partly due to decreased fertility following the use of cooled transported spermatozoa. furthermore, predictive tests for sperm fertilising ability are lacking. the objective of the present study was to assess sperm morphology and chromatin integrity in ejaculates obtained from 11 warmblood breedi ... | 2008 | 18179691 |
| comparative analysis of polyphenolic profiles and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of tunisian pome fruit pulp and peel aqueous acetone extracts. | pome trees, apple, pear, and quince, are classified into the subfamily pomoideae, belonging to the rosaceae family. their autumnal fruits are consumed worldwide in different forms, that is, fresh or transformed into jams, jelly, juices, etc. their well-established beneficial properties to human health were found mainly related to their phenolic content. pulp and peel aqueous acetone extracts obtained from tunisian fruits at commercial maturity were comparatively evaluated for their phenolic prof ... | 2008 | 18181568 |
| efficacy of the pear ester as a monitoring tool for codling moth cydia pomonella (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in new zealand apple orchards. | the behavioural response of both sexes of codling moth, cydia pomonella to the pear-derived kairomone (ethyl (2e,4z)-2,4-decadienoate), codling moth sex pheromone (e,e-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol), and sex pheromone combined with the pear derived kairomone loaded into red rubber septum were investigated in trapping experiments in new zealand apple orchards. a range of 0.01-10.0 mg of pheromone loading in rubber septum dispensers was tested and the highest catch of males was in traps baited with 1.0 mg. ... | 2008 | 18189264 |
| antioxidant content of fresh-cut pears stored in high-o2 active packages compared with conventional low-o2 active and passive modified atmosphere packaging. | the antioxidant content of fresh-cut 'flor de invierno' ( pyrus communis l.) pears dipped into a 0.75% w/v n-acetylcysteine + 0.75% w/v glutathione solution and packaged under 70 kpa of o2 atmospheres (hoa) was evaluated as an alternative to actively modified low-o2 atmosphere (loa) and passively modified atmospheres (pa). changes in color, vitamin c, individual phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of fresh-cut pears as well as in o2, co2, and ethylene headspace concentrations inside the ... | 2008 | 18189356 |
| efficiency assessment of a swift method to enhance substandard viability ram ejaculates. | semen availability in ram semen processing facilities is of great importance for the genetic improvement of sheep. accordingly, any method that would increase sperm viability in low viability ejaculates could be useful. in this study, the possibility of a glass beads filtration method by estimating the beads total surface provided (tsp) for adhesion of spermatozoa, was evaluated. initially, two different tsp (102 and 154 cm(2)) achieved by various sizes of beads (1500, 2000 and 3000 microm) were ... | 2008 | 18199267 |
| consumptive coagulopathy associated with gorham syndrome and subsequent kasabach-merritt syndrome during pregnancy: a case report. | gorham and kasabach-merritt syndrome are rare diagnoses that can complicate pregnancy by increasing the risk of pelvic fracture and consumptive coagulopathy, respectively. | 2007 | 18210901 |
| role of sertoli cell number and function on regulation of spermatogenesis. | testicular function is under the control of expression and repression of several genes and gene products, and many of these works through sertoli cells. the capability of sertoli cells to regulate spermatogenesis is dependent on sertoli cell functions and sertoli cell number. sertoli cell number has long been thought to be stable in adults with no proliferation of sertoli cells once adult numbers have been reached. however, adult horses do not have stable sertoli cell numbers, and new studies in ... | 2008 | 18242891 |
| natural phenanthrenes and their biological activity. | the aim of this review is to survey the various naturally occurring phenanthrene compounds that have been isolated from different plants. only one review has previously been published on this topic. gorham (1989) reviewed the structures, biosynthesis, separations and spectroscopy of stilbenes and phenanthrenes. the present study furnishes an overview of the hydroxy or/and methoxy-substituted 9,10-dihydro/phenanthrenes, methylated, prenylated and other monomeric derivatives, dimeric and trimeric ... | 2008 | 18243254 |
| [a rare differential diagnosis of chylothorax]. | we present the case report of a 17-year-old patient with right pleural effusion and pre-existing lymphangiomas of the chest wall. thoracentesis revealed a salmon-milky effusion containing chylomicrones defining a chylothorax (with blood intermixture). a ct scan and mri showed multiple osteolysis. after excluding malignancy as well as infectious and traumatic causes of the chylothorax, we made the diagnosis of a gorham-stout syndrome. a minimal-invasive pleurectomy and decortication were done suc ... | 2008 | 18264894 |
| biological activity of ethyl (e,z)-2,4-decadienoate on different tortricid species: electrophysiological responses and field tests. | ethyl (e,z)-2,4-decadienoate (pear ester) is known to be a kairomonal attractant for both male and female codling moths, cydia pomonella (l.) (lepidoptera: tortricidae). electroantennographic (eag) studies were conducted to investigate the sensitivities of codling moth, the chestnut torticid species cydia fagiglandana (zeller), cydia splendana (hübner), and pammene fasciana l., and the green budmoth hedya nubiferana haworth to pear ester. the attractiveness of this compound to the different spec ... | 2007 | 18284724 |
| diurnal variation of walnut tree volatiles and electrophysiological responses in cydia pomonella (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | in recent years, many studies have been carried out on the behavioural and electrophysiological responses of cydia pomonella (l.) to host volatile emissions, to find alternative attractants to the sex pheromone for pest monitoring. these studies have focused on apple and pear, and very little has been done on walnut. in the present work, the diurnal and seasonal variation in walnut volatile emissions and the electrophysiological response of c. pomonella have been studied. | 2008 | 18300208 |
| risk assessment of metals from consuming vegetables, fruits and rice grown on soils irrigated with waters of the ebro river in catalonia, spain. | the concentrations of arsenic (as), cadmium (cd), chromium (cr), copper (cu), mercury (hg), manganese (mn), nickel (ni), and lead (pb) were determined in samples of various edible vegetables (artichoke, cauliflower, lettuce, tomato), fruits (apple, mandarin, orange, pear) and rice grown in soils irrigated with water from the ebro river in tarragona province (catalonia, spain). although all food items were randomly acquired in various localities of the area, the local origin was always verified. ... | 2008 | 18322656 |
| particle films for managing arthropod pests of apple. | a two-season study showed that a calendar-based spray program to manage arthropod pests with kaolin (60 g/liter) applied at the rate of 450 liters/ha was effective against european apple sawfly, hoplocampa testudinea (klug) (hymenoptera: tenthredinidae); white apple leafhopper, typhlocyba pomaria mcatee (homoptera: cicadellidae); apple red bug, lygidea mendax reuter (heteroptera: miridae); pear plant bug, lygocoris communis (knight) (heteroptera: miridae); and the apple rust mite, aculus schlech ... | 2008 | 18330129 |
| feeding substrates and behaviors of western cherry fruit fly (diptera: tephritidae). | a study was conducted to determine the abundance of potential foods and the feeding substrates and behaviors of the western cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis indifferens curran (diptera: tephritidae), in 2005, 2006, and 2007 in central washington state. aphid colonies with honeydew, a presumed food source for flies, were not seen on randomly selected branches of sweet cherry trees, prunus avium l., but leaves with cherry juice, fruit that were damaged, and leaves with bird feces were commonly seen, e ... | 2008 | 18348808 |
| measurement of glenoid bone loss: a comparison of measurement error between 45 degrees and 0 degrees bone loss models and with different posterior arthroscopy portal locations. | osteotomies at an angle of 45 degrees to the long axis of the glenoid were originally used in a cadaveric model to simulate the bone loss that can occur clinically in anterior instability of the shoulder. however, this type of glenoid defect is not consistent with the usual clinical scenario, in which bone loss occurs nearly parallel (at 0 degrees) to the long axis of the glenoid. | 2008 | 18354146 |
| first occurrence of strobilurin-resistant isolates of stemphylium vesicarium in an italian pear orchard. | 2007 | 18396802 | |
| screening preharvest/postharvest strategies to prevent fruit rot decay. | in fruit growing preharvest sprayings in the orchard are mainly applied to protect fruit from decaying. next to multisite fungicides (captan, thiram, tolylfluanid) the most commonly used products recognized for the belgium market are bellis (pyraclostrobin & boscalid) and the combination of topsin m (thiophanate-methyl) and frugico (diethofencarb). in general the spraying schedule varies depending on weather conditions (infection risk), preharvest interval of available fungicides, fruitgrower an ... | 2007 | 18396828 |
| three-dimensional gas exchange pathways in pome fruit characterized by synchrotron x-ray computed tomography. | our understanding of the gas exchange mechanisms in plant organs critically depends on insights in the three-dimensional (3-d) structural arrangement of cells and voids. using synchrotron radiation x-ray tomography, we obtained for the first time high-contrast 3-d absorption images of in vivo fruit tissues of high moisture content at 1.4-microm resolution and 3-d phase contrast images of cell assemblies at a resolution as low as 0.7 microm, enabling visualization of individual cell morphology, c ... | 2008 | 18417636 |
| effect of seven different pollens on bio-ecological parameters of the predatory mite typhlodromus foenilis (acari: phytoseiidae). | development, immature survival, reproduction, and life table parameters of the predatory mite typhlodromus foenilis oudemans were evaluated on seven different plant pollens (almond, apple, pear, cherry, apricot, plum, and walnut). experiments were conducted in environmental chambers at 20 +/- 1 degrees c with 65 +/- 5% rh and a photoperiod of 16:8 (l:d). t. foenilis successfully completed its development on all pollen diets. female mean developmental time from egg to adult emergence ranged from ... | 2008 | 18419905 |
| an investigation of the psychometric properties of the mmpi-2 restructured clinical (rc) scales with mental health inpatients. | in this study, we compared the internal psychometric properties and external correlates of the mmpi-2 (butcher et al., 2001; tellegen et al., 2003) restructured clinical (rc) scales and corresponding mmpi-2 non-k-corrected clinical scales in a sample of 280 men and 264 women admitted to inpatient psychiatric units. we evaluated the internal psychometric properties of the rc and clinical scales by intercorrelation analyses and alpha coefficients. we investigated external correlates of scores from ... | 2008 | 18444120 |
| disappearing bones: a case of gorham-stout disease. | 2008 | 18446639 | |
| gorham-stout disease of the humerus. | gorham-stout disease is characterized by local proliferation of small vascular or lymphatic channels resulting in progressive destruction and resorption of bone. the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease remains mostly unknown, despite some 175 reported cases. a case of gorham-stout disease of the humerus in a 14-year-old boy is described. the patient presented with progressive pain and deformity of the right arm. although the disease was described in different bones of the body its location ... | 2016 | 18447124 |
| the genome of erwinia tasmaniensis strain et1/99, a non-pathogenic bacterium in the genus erwinia. | the complete genome of the bacterium erwinia tasmaniensis strain et1/99 consisting of a 3.9 mb circular chromosome and five plasmids was sequenced. strain et1/99 represents an epiphytic plant bacterium related to erwinia amylovora and e. pyrifoliae, which are responsible for the important plant diseases fire blight and asian pear shoot blight, respectively. strain et1/99 is a non-pathogenic bacterium and is thought to compete with these and other bacteria when occupying the same habitat during i ... | 2008 | 18462403 |
| fermentation of opuntia stricta (haw.) fruits for betalains concentration. | fermentation of juice and homogenized fruits of opuntia stricta fruits has been developed and optimized. the aim was to obtain the red food colorant betanin from prickly pear, at high concentration and low viscosity. among three strains assayed, saccharomyces cerevisiae var. bayanus awri 796 has been the optimum for this process. the optimum temperature value was found to be 35 degrees c for both sugar consumption and pigment preservation. after fermentation, biomass and residual vegetal tissue ... | 2008 | 18473472 |
| gorham's disease: an osseous disease of lymphangiogenesis? | gorham's disease, also known as massive osteolysis, gorham-stout disease, vanishing bone disease, or, phantom bone disease is a rare disorder of the musculoskeletal system. the disease is characterized by osteolysis in bony segments, with localized proliferation of lymphatic channels. the presence of abundant, leaky systemic lymphatic vessels is often accompanied by chylous ascites. there is no standardized treatment available for gorham's disease, and its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. fu ... | 2008 | 18519972 |
| efficacy of heat treatments with water and fludioxonil for postharvest control of blue and gray molds on inoculated pears and fludioxonil residues in fruit. | the residue levels of fludioxonil (flu) were determined in pear cultivars precoce di fiorano, coscia, and spadona estiva after a 2-min dip in an aqueous mixture of flu containing 300 or 100 mg/liter of active ingredient at 20 or 50 degrees c and after 12 days at 17 degrees c and 80% relative humidity (simulated shelf life conditions). the accumulation trend of flu residues was determined in 'precoce di fiorano' pears after treatments with 25, 50, 100, or 200 mg/liter of active ingredient at 20 o ... | 2008 | 18522031 |
| efficacy of dietary supplementation with botanicals on carbohydrate metabolism in humans. | botanical products are widely used in nutritional supplementation for promotion of health or prevention of diseases. with the high prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes, abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism are common in the general population and obtaining glycemic control is important in reducing the complications of diabetes. if shown to be effective, botanical products have a unique position in potentially aiding the general public in regard to obesity and diabetes. they can be obtai ... | 2008 | 18537692 |
| sperm morphology and fertility of progeny-tested ai dairy bulls in sweden. | use of bull semen with high levels of sperm abnormalities, reflecting genital dysfunction, is not recommended for artificial insemination (ai) since it would most likely lead to subfertility. sperm quality, including sperm morphology, may deteriorate with increasing age of the bull thus becoming a source of concern when using older, progeny-tested ai bull sires. although a relationship between sperm morphology and fertility after ai in progeny-tested bull sires has been reported, it is yet uncle ... | 2008 | 18539320 |
| gorham disease of the mandible: radiographic findings and radiotherapy response. | gorham disease, a rare condition of unknown etiology, is characterized histologically by bone disintegration and endothelial proliferation. we describe serial imaging findings, the treatment course, and radiotherapy response in a patient with pathologically confirmed gorham disease involving the right mandible. progressive mandibular resorption was managed initially with multiple surgical resections and reconstruction, followed by external-beam radiotherapy, which was an effective treatment meth ... | 2008 | 18561108 |
| histological features and management of a mandibular gorham disease: a case report and review of maxillofacial cases in the literature. | gorham disease (gd) is a rare osteolysis without sex, race, or age predilection, affecting bones in different regions. based on clinical, histological, and molecular features, diagnosis is difficult and required exclusion of neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious, and endocrinologic disease. etiology is still unknown. we report the case of a 36-year-old man suffering from severe progressive osteolysis located at the mandible. histology showed massive osteolysis without malignant cells. immunohisto ... | 2008 | 18567509 |
| [antitumor effect of polysaccharides from cactus pear fruit in s180-bearing mice]. | polysaccharide components of some traditional chinese medicine have certain antitumor effects and can promote immune responses. extractions from cactus pear fruit can inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer, ovary cancer and bladder cancer cells, and suppress the growth of ovarian cancer in mice. this study was to observe the antitumor effect of polysaccharides extracted from cactus pear fruit in s180-bearing mice. | 2008 | 18570729 |
| idiopathic calvarial thinning. | an 82-year-old diabetic female had been aware of gradually enlarging, painless scalp depressions in the bilateral parietal regions for more than 6 years. she had no history of head injury, or inflammatory or malignant disease. her family history was unremarkable for hereditary bone disease. she had diabetes mellitus which had been well controlled with orally administered drugs. blood examination showed normal renal and liver functions with normal serum calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus concentr ... | 2008 | 18574336 |
| viability of lactobacillus rhamnosus r0011 in an apple-based fruit juice under simulated storage conditions at the consumer level. | lactobacillus rhamnosus r0011 was inoculated in an apple-pear-raspberry juice blend at 4.5 x 10(9) cfu/250 ml portion, and viability was followed during storage in conditions simulating consumer use. study parameters were age of the juice (2 or 4 wk), sampling size (one to three 250-ml portions), incubation temperature (between 2 and 7 degrees c), and atmosphere (aerobic compared with anaerobic). dependent variables were ph, dissolved oxygen (do) level, and viable count. the do level in the unop ... | 2008 | 18577004 |
| identification and quantification of betalains from the fruits of 10 mexican prickly pear cultivars by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. | qualitative and quantitative analyses of betalain pigments in 10 cultivars/lines of prickly pear (opuntia spp.) fruit grown in mexico were conducted with reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (hplc-dad) coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (esi-ms). betacyanins and betaxanthins were identified by comparison with the uv/vis and mass spectrometric characteristics as well as the retention times of semisynthesized reference betaxanthins. data revealed that ... | 2008 | 18578538 |
| control of postharvest pear diseases using rhodotorula glutinis and its effects on postharvest quality parameters. | rhodotorula glutinis was evaluated for its activity in reducing postharvest gray mold decay and blue mold decay of pear caused by botrytis cinerea and penicillium expansum respectively, and in reducing natural decay development of pear fruits, as well as its effects on postharvest quality of fruits. there was a significant negative correlation between concentrations of the yeast cells and infectivity of the pathogens. at concentrations of r. glutinis at 5x108 cfu/ml, the gray mold decay was comp ... | 2008 | 18579245 |
| [gorham-stout syndrome in a patient with hiv infection]. | 2008 | 18582424 | |
| enhancement of spermidine content and antioxidant capacity in transgenic pear shoots overexpressing apple spermidine synthase in response to salinity and hyperosmosis. | in our previous work, an apple spermidine synthase (spds)-overexpressing transgenic european pear (pyrus communis l. 'ballad'), line no. 32 (#32), demonstrated attenuated susceptibility to stress treatment. in the current paper, changes in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity of the transgenic pear (line #32) were investigated in response to nacl or mannitol stress. under non-stressed conditions (before stress treatment), spermidine (spd) contents and spds activity of line #32 were h ... | 2008 | 18586287 |
| four species of zygophiala (schizothyriaceae, capnodiales) are associated with the sooty blotch and flyspeck complex on apple. | sooty blotch and flyspeck (sbfs) is a complex of fungi that cause late-season blemishes of apple and pear fruit that cosmetically damage the cuticle, which result in fruit that are unacceptable to consumers. previous studies reported that a single, wide-host-range species, schizothyrium pomi (presumed anamorph zygophiala jamaicensis), caused flyspeck on apple. in the present study we compared morphology and dna phylogeny (its, lsu) of 139 fungal strains isolated from flyspeck signs from 39 apple ... | 2008 | 18592899 |
| factors involved in alleviating water stress by partial crop removal in pear trees. | we studied the relief of water stress associated with fruit thinning in pear (pyrus communis l.) trees during drought to determine what mechanisms, other than stomatal adjustment, were involved. combinations of control irrigation (equal to crop water use less effective rainfall) and deficit irrigation (equal to 20% of control irrigation), fruit load (unthinned and thinned to 40 fruits per tree) and root pruning (pruned and unpruned) treatments were applied to pear (cv. 'conference') trees during ... | 2008 | 18595850 |
| macrophage immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides isolated from opuntia polyacantha. | opuntia polyacantha (prickly pear cactus) has been used extensively for its nutritional properties; however, less is known regarding medicinal properties of opuntia tissues. in the present study, we extracted polysaccharides from o. polyacantha and used size-exclusion chromatography to fractionate the crude polysaccharides into four polysaccharide fractions (designated as opuntia polysaccharides c-i to c-iv). the average m(r) of fractions c-i through c-iv was estimated to be 733, 550, 310, and 1 ... | 2008 | 18597716 |
| a rapid and effective method for rna extraction from different tissues of grapevine and other woody plants. | rna quality and integrity are critical for many studies in plant molecular biology. high-quality rna extraction from grapevine and other woody plants is problematic due to the presence of polysaccharides, polyphenolics and other compounds that bind or co-precipitate with the rna. | 2008 | 18618437 |
| clinical and molecular delineation of the 17q21.31 microdeletion syndrome. | the chromosome 17q21.31 microdeletion syndrome is a novel genomic disorder that has originally been identified using high resolution genome analyses in patients with unexplained mental retardation. | 2008 | 18628315 |
| a lethal form of gorham disease associated with extensive musculoskeletal pneumatosis: case report and review of the literature. | we report here the imaging findings of a rare case of a lethal form of gorham disease in a young female patient. multimodality imaging findings over 13 year-follow-up demonstrated progressive wide spread skeletal and soft tissue abnormalities with permeative osteolysis, pathological fractures and severe skeletal deformities. unusual extensive osseous and soft tissue pneumatosis was illustrated on cross-sectional studies. the progressive nature of this form of gorham disease and the subsequent co ... | 2008 | 18629462 |
| evaluation of four whole-plant inoculation methods to analyze the pathogenicity of erwinia amylovora under quarantine conditions. | four methods were tested to assess the fire-blight disease response on grafted pear plants. the leaves of the plants were inoculated with erwinia amylovora suspensions by pricking with clamps, cutting with scissors, local infiltration, and painting a bacterial suspension onto the leaves with a paintbrush. the effects of the inoculation methods were studied in dose-time-response experiments carried out in climate chambers under quarantine conditions. a modified gompertz model was used to analyze ... | 2008 | 18645961 |
| hrpn of erwinia amylovora functions in the translocation of dspa/e into plant cells. | the type iii secretion system (t3ss) is required by plant pathogenic bacteria for the translocation of certain bacterial proteins to the cytoplasm of plant cells or secretion of some proteins to the apoplast. the t3ss of erwinia amylovora, which causes fire blight of pear, apple and other rosaceous plants, secretes dspa/e, which is an indispensable pathogenicity factor. several other proteins, including hrpn, a critical virulence factor, are also secreted by the t3ss. using a cyaa reporter syste ... | 2008 | 18705858 |
| red 'anjou' pear has a higher photoprotective capacity than green 'anjou'. | photoprotective function of anthocyanins along with xanthophyll cycle and antioxidant system in fruit peel was investigated in red 'anjou' vs green 'anjou' pear (pyrus communis) during fruit development and in response to short-term exposure to high light. the sun-exposed peel of red 'anjou' had higher maximum quantum yield of photosystem ii (f(v)/f(m)) than that of green 'anjou' and both the sun-exposed peel and the shaded peel of red 'anjou' had smaller decreases in f(v)/f(m) after 2-h high li ... | 2008 | 18715235 |
| [application of icp-ms to detection of trace elements and heavy metals in different kinds of honey]. | honey contains abundant trace elements, which are important nutritional elements for human health, but the difference between different species has not been reported. seven kinds of trace elements and five kinds of heavy metals in different honey species were analyzed by the method of icp-ms. the results showed that honey contained many wholesome elements, such as ca, fe, zn, mn, cu, se and mo, but there was great difference between different species. the highest concentrations of ca, fe, zn, mn ... | 2008 | 18800735 |
| field evaluations of concentrated spray applications of microencapsulated sex pheromone for codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | the application of a microencapsulated (mec) sex pheromone formulation (checkmate cm-f) for codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), in low volume, concentrated sprays was evaluated in a series of small plot and grower trials in apple, malus domestica borkhausen, and pear, pyrus communis l. preliminary tests found that mec sprays applied at 172-207 kilopascals in 12-23 liters/ha deposited the highest density of microcapsules per leaf. the addition of a latex sicker did not increase the deposition of ... | 2008 | 18801264 |