Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| experience with a measles vaccine manufactured in india. | five hundred and twenty seven children between 7 months and 2 years of age were vaccinated with measles vaccine manufactured by the serum institute of india. the sero-conversion rate in children who had no antibodies previous to vaccination was 98.4% as tested in hi. ninety per cent of children who had pre-vaccination measles antibodies showed a two-fold or more rise in hi antibodies. the side reactions of the vaccine were negligible. | 1992 | 1428138 |
| cutaneous manifestations of measles in aids. | in immunocompetent patients, infection by the measles (rubeola) paramyxovirus produces fever, cough, coryza, koplik's spots, and, on the skin, a macular erythema that can become confluent. the erythema has a striking cephalocaudal spread and clearing. the diagnosis of measles on a skin biopsy and the distinction from an erythema multiforme type of drug eruption can be difficult. we studied a skin biopsy from a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) who presented with measles. ... | 1992 | 1430471 |
| [changes in the fundus in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. apropos of 23 cases]. | subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) is a fatal slow encephalitis. it is related to a chronic infection of the central nervous system by a defective measles virus. among 41 patients with sspe, 23 had ocular involvement. the ophthalmologic involvement preceded the onset of neurological signs in 4 cases, they were detected at first presentation in 9 cases, and they occurred in the course of the disease in 10 cases. the ocular involvement was bilateral in 19 cases. various ophthalmologic feat ... | 1992 | 1430800 |
| [a case of hepatitis due to measles virus]. | 1992 | 1431470 | |
| comparison of protection from homologous cell-free vs cell-associated siv challenge afforded by inactivated whole siv vaccines. | this study attempted to determine if siv vaccines could protect against challenge with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) from an siv infected rhesus monkey. mature macaca mulatta were vaccinated four times with formalin inactivated sivmac32h administered in mdp adjuvant (n = 8) or sivmac32h iscom vaccine (n = 8). controls included animals vaccinated with measles virus in mdp adjuvant (n = 4) or iscom (n = 4) preparations. of each group, half were challenged intravenously (iv) with ten m ... | 1992 | 1433263 |
| [kinetics of vaccination antibodies against tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, measles virus, poliomyelitis virus and pneumococcus after allogenic and autologous bone marrow transplantation and booster vaccination. 2: kinetics of vaccination antibodies against diphtheria toxoid after allogenic and autologous bone marrow transplantation]. | in the second part of the paper we report on the results of the diphtheria antitoxin valuation of 8 children after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (bmt) with and without graft versus host disease (gvhd) as well as on the kinetics of the diphtheria antitoxin of 5 children after allogeneic bmt with and without gvhd and of 5 children after autologous transplantation. the antibody valuation was done by a cell-culture assay. whereas the inspection of the isolated data gives the impression of a ... | 1992 | 1434337 |
| [a trial of the intranasal vaccination of adults against measles: the approaches to an alternative revaccination method]. | the safety and efficacy of a measles vaccine from the l-16 strain was studied after its intranasal administration to adult volunteers using an atomizer. the controls were adult volunteers given one dose of the vaccine subcutaneously. the measles vaccine given intranasally was used in the same or double dose. the intranasal administration of the vaccine caused practically no side effects. within 14-60 days postvaccination, the volunteers in all the groups showed a significant rise in titres of an ... | 1992 | 1441428 |
| [the genome of the measles virus in the peripheral blood lymphocytes in kidney diseases]. | 1992 | 1441447 | |
| [hepatitis associated with measles virus]. | 1992 | 1443923 | |
| international reference preparation for anti-measles serum. | 1992 | 1445545 | |
| baculovirus expression of the nucleoprotein gene of measles virus and utility of the recombinant protein in diagnostic enzyme immunoassays. | a recombinant baculovirus that expresses the nucleoprotein gene of measles virus (edmonston vaccine strain) under the transcriptional control of the polyhedrin promoter was generated. the expressed protein (b-mvn) comigrated with the authentic viral nucleoprotein as observed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and it was phosphorylated. the b-mvn protein proved to be reactive with monoclonal antibodies in radioimmunoprecipitations, and it was immunogenic, eliciting in m ... | 1992 | 1452657 |
| the dilemma of aids vaccine and therapy. possible clues from comparative pathogenesis with measles. | aids viruses, because of their unique properties, are extraordinary. past successes achieved with vaccines against ordinary viruses do not provide the guidelines needed to develop successful vaccines against hiv. neither vaccines nor drugs can be relied upon to provide an answer to aids. aids is a disease of immune dysfunction and destruction, and an alternative to prevention of infection or cure might lie with elimination of the clinical consequences of infection. this might find a basis in pre ... | 1992 | 1457186 |
| comparison of protection afforded by whole virus iscom versus mdp adjuvanted formalin-inactivated siv vaccines from iv cell-free or cell-associated homologous challenge. | a siv-iscom and a siv-mdp adjuvanted vaccine were tested for their potential to induce protection from intravenous cell-free or cell-associated homologous siv challenge in rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). seven monkeys vaccinated four times over a four-month period with either the siv-iscom or the siv-mdp vaccine were challenged intravenously with approximately 10 mid50 cell-free sivmac251 (32h). they all were protected from developing viremia during a three-month observation period. two other g ... | 1992 | 1466991 |
| [the kinetics of vaccine antibodies against tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, measles virus, poliomyelitis virus and pneumococcus after allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation and revaccination. 3: the kinetics of vaccine antibodies against tetanus toxoid and diphtheria toxoid after allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation and combined revaccination against diphtheria and tetanus]. | the 3rd part of the paper deals with the results of a combined revaccination against diphtheria and tetanus in a group of 25 children after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (bmt) with and without graft versus host disease (gvhd) and after autologous transplantation. it can be shown that in the allogeneic transplanted groups with and without gvhd it is possible to build up a tetanus and diphtheria antitoxin titre in a safe protective cause by a 2nd basic immunisation consisting of 3 single ... | 1992 | 1469826 |
| prevalence of measles antibodies in adults with hiv infection: possible risk factors of measles seronegativity. | to determine the prevalence of measles (rubeola) immunity in a group of hiv-1-infected adults and to examine predictors of measles seronegativity in this population. | 1992 | 1472336 |
| [the immune response of children with an iron deficiency to vaccination with a live measles vaccine]. | 1992 | 1475138 | |
| observations of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in south africa. | analysis of 75 cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) reported to the national institute for virology, south africa, in 1984-1990 does not support the role of intensive exposure to measles virus in the pathogenesis of sspe. the incidence of sspe per million population was similar in blacks and whites, although that of reported measles is up to 10 times greater in blacks. the age of sspe follows the distribution of measles cases; thus, significantly more younger sspe cases were found ... | 1992 | 1475831 |
| [the characteristics of population immunity to measles and diphtheria in adolescent collectives]. | population immunity to measles and diphtheria was evaluated among adolescents of a professional-technical school. low indices of immunity were found. there was a clear difference in the number of girls and boys with antibody titers to measles virus and diphtheria anatoxin (dilution 1:40) as well as in the number of non-immune to diphtheria. a clear increase of the number of students with protective titers by the end of the school year evidences presence of latent epidemic process of measles and ... | 1992 | 1475928 |
| characterization of baculovirus-expressed hemagglutinin and fusion glycoproteins of the attenuated measles virus strain aik-c. | with measles virus cdna of the avirulent vaccine strain aik-c, two cdnas of h or f genes were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. the amplified cdnas were inserted respectively to the baculovirus transfer vector pacym1 derived from the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of autographa californica (acnpv). after co-transfection of the transfer vectors with acnpv dna to spodoptera frugiperda cells, recombinant baculoviruses were screened by plaque assay, and the viruses containing h-cdna or f-cdna ... | 1992 | 1476005 |
| round table on morbilliviruses in marine mammals. | since 1988 morbilliviruses have been increasingly recognized and held responsible for mass mortality amongst harbour seals (phoca vitulina) and other seal species. virus isolations and characterization proved that morbilliviruses from seals in northwest europe were genetically distinct from other known members of this group including canine distemper virus (cdv), rinderpest virus, peste des petits ruminants virus and measles virus. an epidemic in baikal seals in 1987 was apparently caused by a m ... | 1992 | 1481361 |
| seroepidemiology and evaluation of passive surveillance during 1988-1989 measles outbreak in taiwan. | a seroepidemiological study was carried out to explore the risk factors of a measles outbreak that occurred among school children at a rural village (li-tse) in taiwan. among the 1166 participants, the percentage susceptible before the outbreak was 10.5% (122/1158) which was estimated as the sum of measles igg-negative (29/1158) and igm-positive (93/1166) individuals. among 340 vaccinated children, 16 (4.7%) were measles igm-positive and 10 (2.9%) were measles igg-negative; therefore the vaccine ... | 1992 | 1483823 |
| the evaluation of vaccination against measles at nine months of age (report of an epidemic). | sixteen measles cases were studied during an epidemic that broke out in etimesgut district of ankara. eight of these children had never been vaccinated against measles while the remainder had been vaccinated at nine months of age. in the sera obtained during the course of the illness, anti-measles antibody was not detectable in six vaccinated children and in four unvaccinated children. upon observing the siblings of the subjects, it was determined that one out of three who had not been vaccinate ... | 1992 | 1485379 |
| [the use of tapioca as coverage in viral titration]. | virus titration is an important step required on viral vaccines quality control. "plaque assay", which employs several types of overlay media, is usually used on viral titrations. in this paper we describe the use of tapioca as an overlay media. firstly, the toxicity of tapioca was tested on vero cells inoculated or not with the yellow fever virus (yf) 17dd vaccine strain. secondly, different batches of the 17dd virus using the tapioca and karaya gum as the overlay on vero cells were tested when ... | 1992 | 1492720 |
| [kinetics of vaccine antibodies to tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, measles virus, poliomyelitis virus and pneumococci after allogenic and autologous bone marrow transplantation and booster immunization. 1: the kinetics of vaccine antibodies to tetanus toxoid after allogenic and autologous bone marrow transplantation]. | today bmt belongs to the established methods of treatment in haematology and oncology. because of the constant increase of healthy long-term survivors after bmt the problem of immunological reconstitution and eventual possible late effects gets more and more importance. one problem, which til now has been few attention paid to, is that of the protection by vaccination after bmt. we report on the kinetics of the tetanus-antitoxin in 20 patients after allogeneic or autologous bmt and demonstrate t ... | 1992 | 1495263 |
| seroepidemiology of measles, mumps and rubella. | 1992 | 1498027 | |
| comparison of the measlestat m test kit with the sucrose density gradient centrifugation-hemagglutination inhibition method for detection of measles virus-specific immunoglobulin m. | a new commercial kit, measlestat m (whittaker bioproducts, inc.), was compared with the sucrose density gradient centrifugation-hemagglutination inhibition method for the detection of measles virus-specific immunoglobulin m. overall agreement between the two procedures was 97.1% for 104 single and paired serum samples tested. the sensitivity and specificity of measlestat m were 98.4 and 95.2%, respectively. | 1992 | 1500536 |
| antibody-dependent transcriptional regulation of measles virus in persistently infected neural cells. | application of neutralizing anti-hemagglutinin antibodies to mouse neuroblastoma cells (ns20y/ms) persistently infected with measles virus (mv) leads to a significant reduction of viral structural proteins within 6 days. while the transcriptional gradient for mv-specific mrnas remained unaffected upon antibody treatment, the total amount of mv-specific transcripts dropped by 80% after 24 h. the expression of genomic rna was affected similarly, with slightly slower time kinetics. both transcripti ... | 1992 | 1501288 |
| acute measles encephalitis of the delayed type: neuroradiological and immunological findings. | a case of delayed acute measles encephalitis in an immunosuppressed child is reported. detailed immunological studies have shown defective humoral immunity (defective iga, igg2 and igg3) and decreased natural killer activity. neuroradiological examination by magnetic resonance imaging revealed several high signal lesions on t2-weighted images in the gray matter without clinical or pathological correlation. the implications of these findings are discussed. | 1992 | 1505595 |
| [changes in measles, mumps and rubella (mmr) immunity until the year of 2002 after the introduction of mmr vaccination]. | in order to decide whether vaccination for measles, mumps and rubella should be introduced at the age of five years, calculations of the immunities in various age groups were performed until the year 2002 with and without vaccination at the age of five years. these calculations are based on the knowledge of immunity in the various age groups before the mmr vaccination programme was instituted in 1987 and knowledge of the compliance with vaccination obtained to date. future predictions reveal tha ... | 1992 | 1509567 |
| effects of protease inhibitors on replication of various myxoviruses. | we studied the effects of eight protease inhibitors on the multicycle replications of various orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses. among the compounds, nafamostat mesilate, camostat mesilate, gabexate mesilate, and aprotinin, which are widely used in the treatment of pancreatitis, inhibited influenza virus a and b replication at concentrations that were significantly lower than their cytotoxic thresholds in vitro. none of the protease inhibitors had activity against respiratory syncytial virus, ... | 1992 | 1510439 |
| [a case report--complete remission of myasthenia gravis after measles]. | 1992 | 1520519 | |
| measles cervicitis. report of a case with cytologic and molecular biologic analysis. | we report on a 20-year-old woman who, in her third month of pregnancy, presented with a morbilliform rash, fever and diarrhea. many multinucleate superficial, intermediate and metaplastic cells were noted in the cervical cytologic preparation. the presence of the measles virus in cells from the cervix was confirmed by the amplification of measles complementary dna (cdna) by the polymerase chain reaction. the patient's cervical papanicolaou smear was unremarkable on reexamination four months afte ... | 1992 | 1523932 |
| the fusion protein gene of phocine distemper virus: nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences and a comparison of morbillivirus fusion proteins. | the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the fusion protein of phocine distemper virus has been determined. the mrna is 2206 nucleotides in length and contains one major open reading frame (orf) of 1893 nucleotides encoding a potential protein of 631 amino acid residues. however, analogy with canine distemper virus (cdv) suggests that translation of the f protein starts at the sixth aug codon in the mrna sequence which is located at position 461, resulting in an f0 protein of exactly the sam ... | 1992 | 1524494 |
| measles virus infection enhances il-1 beta but reduces tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in human monocytes. | monocytes may play a role in the immunologic abnormalities caused by measles. the effect of measles virus (mv) infection on peripheral blood monocyte functions is poorly known. we report that mv-infected pbm have an altered pattern of il-1 beta and tnf-alpha production in response to stimulation with lps and pma in vitro. mv-infected peripheral blood monocytes produced higher amounts of il-1 beta, whereas the production of tnf-alpha was reduced. the same effect was observed in the human monocyti ... | 1992 | 1527385 |
| prolonged viremic phase in children with measles. | 1992 | 1527435 | |
| the matrix proteins of neurovirulent subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus and its acute measles virus progenitor are functionally different. | persistence of measles virus in the brains of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) is accompanied by changes in the viral matrix (m) protein. to understand the significance of these changes, cell culture and cell-free assays were developed to compare the functions of the m proteins of an sspe virus biken strain and its acute measles virus progenitor nagahata strain. the nagahata viral m protein is associated with the intracellular viral nucleocapsids and the plasma membrane, ... | 1992 | 1528889 |
| measles virus replication in lungs of hispid cotton rats after intranasal inoculation. | hispid cotton rats were inoculated intranasally with either measles virus (mv) edmonston, a multipassaged, tissue culture-adapted strain of mv, or with one of three clinical mv isolates that had limited passages (three to five times) in tissue culture cells. mv edmonston was recovered from the lungs of every (n = 37) hispid cotton rat inoculated with this virus for at least 7 days after virus inoculation. peak pulmonary titers occurred on day +4 (3.3-4.4 log10/g lung). scattered areas of inflamm ... | 1992 | 1528912 |
| inactivation of measles virus and herpes simplex virus by saikosaponin d. | saikosaponin d, isolated from the roots of bulpleurum falcatum l. was investigated for both its inactivating effects on some viruses and its antiviral effects against the viruses in vitro. saikosaponin d at a concentration of more than 5 microm had direct inactivating effects on both measles virus and herpes simplex virus after incubation of the viruses with the agent for more than 10 min at room temperature. in contrast, exposure of poliovirus to even 500 microm of saikosaponin d resulted in no ... | 1992 | 1529029 |
| constant and variable regions of measles virus proteins encoded by the nucleocapsid and phosphoprotein genes derived from lytic and persistent viruses. | the nucleotide sequences of the n and p genes of two wild type measles virus strains jm and cm in two distinct lineages of the virus have been analyzed and compared with those of other mv strains in order to assess which parts of the internal proteins are variable. most variations in the p protein appear to occur in the n-terminus, while the middle part of the protein (residues 201-350) and the c-terminus are conserved. the c protein varies primarily in its n-terminal amino acids. the c-terminal ... | 1992 | 1529546 |
| iscom immunization with synthetic peptides representing measles virus hemagglutinin. | synthetic peptides representing the measles virus (mv) hemagglutinin (mvh) were incorporated into immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) and used for immunization of rabbits. nine regions of mvh were selected on the basis of hydropathy and antigenicity profiles, by use of the known primary structure of mvh. six linear and three branched types of peptides were synthesized and conjugated to palmitic acid before incorporation into the iscom structure. five of the anti-peptide sera reacted by elisa wi ... | 1992 | 1529642 |
| gly145 to arg substitution in hbs antigen of immune escape mutant of hepatitis b virus. | a japanese child born to an hbeag-positive carrier mother received anti-hbs immunoglobulins and a plasma-derived hbs vaccine with a poor anti-hbs-antibody response. the child, who is now 3 years old, is presently suffering from chronic hepatitis with unusual serological findings that are positive for hbsag, anti-hbs and hbeag, since being infected with a measles virus at 12 months of age. the nucleotide sequences of the s region of hbv dna obtained from the patient, the mother and an hbeag-posit ... | 1992 | 1534223 |
| the genes encoding the phospho- and matrix proteins of phocine distemper virus. | the nucleotide sequences of the phosphoprotein (p)/v/c and matrix (m) protein genes of phocine distemper virus (pdv) have been determined and the deduced amino acid sequences of the proteins derived from these genes compared with those of the other morbilliviruses. the 1655 nucleotides of the p gene encode a phosphoprotein of 507 amino acid residues (from nucleotide numbers 60 to 1583) which is 75% identical to that of canine distemper virus (cdv). the c proteins of the two viruses are 73% ident ... | 1992 | 1535099 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the phosphoprotein of the yamagata-1 strain of a defective subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) virus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the phosphoprotein (p) gene of the yamagata-1 strain of a defective subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) virus was determined. comparison with the p gene of the edmonston strain of measles virus (mv) revealed 44 differences of which 23 nucleotides substitutions were identical with those revealed between other sspe viruses and mv (cattaneo et al. (1989) virology 173, 415-425). the consensus sequence of the g insertion site was completely conserved, wherea ... | 1992 | 1536889 |
| measles antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults. | 1992 | 1538166 | |
| construction of vaccinia virus recombinants expressing several measles virus proteins and analysis of their efficacy in vaccination of mice. | measles virus genes encoding the haemagglutinin (ha), fusion protein (f) or nucleoprotein (np) have been inserted into the vaccinia virus genome either alone or in various combinations. in each case the measles virus genes were expressed from the 7.5k promoter and were incorporated into the thymidine kinase (tk) or k1l loci of the copenhagen strain of vaccinia virus. cells infected by the recombinants synthesized measles virus proteins indistinguishable from those induced in measles virus-infect ... | 1992 | 1538193 |
| scientific misconduct. tragedy revealed in zurich. | 1992 | 1538740 | |
| immunogenicity of measles vaccine from a hospital based and outreach programme in rural kenya. | data on efficacy of rural immunization programmes are scarce. we investigated the seroconversion rate following measles vaccination in an outreach programme in kakamega district, kenya. of 170 children, 120 (71%) showed seroconversion after vaccination. haemagglutination inhibition test was performed on paired blood samples before and 30 days or more (mean 46, range 30-70 days) after vaccination. these results are comparable to results found by other studies in developing countries. geometrical ... | 1992 | 1542948 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the l gene of marburg virus, a filovirus: homologies with paramyxoviruses and rhabdoviruses. | the nucleotide sequence of the l gene of marburg virus, strain musoke, has been determined. the l gene has a single long open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 2330 amino acids (mw 267,175) that represents the viral rna-dependent rna polymerase. the putative transcription start signal (3'cuaccuauaauu 5') and the termination signal (3' uaauucuuuuu 5') of the gene could be identified. computer-assisted comparison of the l protein with l proteins of other nonsegmented negative-stranded rna vi ... | 1992 | 1546452 |
| subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus dominantly interferes with replication of wild-type measles virus in a mixed infection: implication for viral persistence. | interaction between the edmonston or nagahata strain of acute measles virus (mv) and the defective biken strain of mv isolated from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) was examined by a cell fusion protocol. biken-cv-1 cells nonproductively infected with biken strain sspe virus were fused with neomycin-resistant cv-1 cells. all the fused cells selected with the neomycin analog g418 expressed biken viral proteins, as determined by an immunofluorescence assay. this procedure ... | 1992 | 1548746 |
| performance and reliability of the enzygnost measles enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay for detection of measles virus-specific immunoglobulin m antibody during a large measles epidemic. | evaluation of the enzygnost measles enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay kit (behring) performance to detect specific immunoglobulin m (igm) was carried out with 3,297 single serum samples and 898 paired serum samples collected during a measles epidemic (10,184 reported cases) in quebec, canada. anti-measles igm and igg were detected by using the enzygnost kit with the appropriate conjugates. complement-fixing (cf) antibody (ab) titers were assessed by the laboratory branch complement fixation mic ... | 1992 | 1551971 |
| detection protocols for biotinylated probes: optimization using multistep techniques. | recent studies using biotinylated in situ hybridization (ish) have utilized a wide range of detection protocols for the biotinylated hybrids, leading to conflicting reports in the literature regarding sensitivity. in this study we compared 11 different detection protocols for biotinylated ish using a measles virus-specific rna probe on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded central nervous system tissue infected with measles virus. maximum sensitivity was achieved with five-step detection protocols i ... | 1992 | 1552190 |
| effect of interferon-alpha on measles virus replication in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | we analyzed the effect of exogenous human leukocyte interferon (ifn)-alpha on measles virus (mv) replication in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). the release of infectious virus was progressively reduced by increasing concentrations of ifn-alpha, and blocked with an ifn-alpha concentration of 1000 u/ml. in order to detect a possible target of this inhibitory effect, viral transcription and translation events were analyzed. the synthesis of mv mrnas was reduced, but not blocked, in ... | 1992 | 1554485 |
| genetic variability of the glycoprotein genes of current wild-type measles isolates. | the glycoprotein coding sequences from three wild-type measles viruses isolated in the united states during 1988-1989 were examined by mrna templated sequencing to determine whether contemporary strains have undergone genetic changes relative to the vaccine strain, moraten. these studies revealed variation in the hemagglutinin (ha) gene and, to a far lesser degree, the fusion (f) gene. the f protein coding region was highly conserved with only three predicted amino acid changes. among the predic ... | 1992 | 1566568 |
| complications of measles during pregnancy. | twelve pregnant women and one woman who had just given birth were hospitalized with measles in houston between 1988 and 1990. the most common and serious maternal complication was pneumonitis (seven patients). other maternal complications included hepatitis (seven patients), premature labor (four patients), spontaneous abortion (one patient), and death (one patient). for four of 13 patients, all of whom had severe measles and pneumonitis due to measles virus, an adverse fetal outcome such as abo ... | 1992 | 1571434 |
| changing patterns of glucose metabolism during the course of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis as measured with 18fdg-positron-emission tomography. | 18fdg-positron emission tomography performed at different stages in the course of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis revealed a changing pattern of metabolic disturbance. in clinical stage ii patients the inflammation in the basal ganglia appeared to lead to neuronal excitation accompanied by hypermetabolism. widespread cortical functional inhibition of metabolism followed. the striatal inflammation ended with necrosis and hypometabolism, with resulting functional cortical disinhibition; later, ... | 1992 | 1573420 |
| the resurgence of measles in the united states, 1989-1990. | after almost a decade of relatively few reported cases, a major resurgence of measles occurred in the united states in 1989-1990. the increase primarily involved unvaccinated racial and ethnic minority children less than five years of age residing in inner-city areas. outbreaks of measles among vaccinated school-aged children continued to occur but had less impact than outbreaks among preschool-aged children. efforts to prevent measles must be aimed at improving age-specific measles vaccination ... | 1992 | 1580601 |
| subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is typically characterized by alterations in the fusion protein cytoplasmic domain of the persisting measles virus. | our recent extensive analysis of three cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) revealed intriguing genetic defects in the persisting measles virus (mv): the fusion (f) genes encoded truncated cytoplasmic f protein domains (cattaneo et al., virology 173, 415-425, 1989). now this mv genomic region has been investigated in eight additional sspe cases by pcr amplification, replacement cloning into a vector containing the f gene of a lytic mv, in vitro expression, and sequencing. in all c ... | 1992 | 1585658 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the mumps virus gene encoding the l protein and the trailer sequence. | we have cloned and determined the nucleotide sequences of the seventh gene of the miyahara strain of mumps virus (muv) encoding the l protein. the l gene is 6925 nucleotides in length and contains a single long open reading frame which is capable of coding for a protein of 2261 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 256,571 da. the deduced amino acid sequence of the l protein of muv showed significant homology with those of six other paramyxoviruses, human parainfluenza type 2 virus, ... | 1992 | 1585659 |
| vaccination against acute respiratory virus infections and measles in man. | several viruses may cause more or less severe acute respiratory infections in man, some of which are followed by systemic infection. only for influenza and measles are licensed vaccines available at present. the protection induced by influenza vaccines, which are based on inactivated whole virus or viral subunits, depends largely on the matching of vaccine strain and circulating virus. measles vaccines, which are based on attenuated live virus, have been quite effective in controlling the diseas ... | 1992 | 1587542 |
| molecular characterization of phocine distemper virus: gene order and sequence of the gene encoding the attachment (h) protein. | generation of a set of cdna clones covering the n, p/v/c, m, f, h and part of the l gene of phocine distemper virus (pdv) has been described. the gene order of pdv determined from a physical as well as a transcriptional map, was identical to that of the other morbilliviruses so far studied. the h gene sequence (1951 nucleotides) contains one large open reading frame which encodes a protein of 607 amino acids, identical in length to that of the h protein of the convac strain of canine distemper v ... | 1992 | 1588321 |
| measurement of final container residual moisture in freeze-dried biological products. | the center for biologics evaluation and research has changed its regulations pertaining to residual moisture in freeze-dried biological products as published in title 21 of the code of federal regulations for food and drugs. the new regulation requires that each lot of dried product be tested for residual moisture and meet and not exceed established limits as specified by an approved method on file in the product license application. the gravimetric or loss-on-drying method is no longer listed a ... | 1992 | 1592165 |
| the pathology of phocine distemper. | the gross and microscopic pathology of phocine distemper is described. the most striking features were pulmonary congestion and emphysema associated with proliferation of type ii pneumocytes, often forming syncytia. secondary bacterial infection was common and associated with marked atrophy of lymphoid tissues and degenerative changes in the mucosa of the airways. | 1992 | 1594927 |
| molecular and serological studies on the recent seal virus epizootics in europe and siberia. | the virus epizootics which occurred in seals in both europe and siberia during 1987/1988 were caused by two different morbilliviruses, referred to as phocid distemper virus (pdv) 1 and 2, respectively. molecular and serological studies have shown that the european virus is quite distinct from canine distemper virus (cdv), its closest relative in the morbillivirus group. analysis of tissues obtained from infected seals from a wide geographical distribution over northern europe showed that the inf ... | 1992 | 1594928 |
| phocine distemper virus, the agent responsible for the 1988 mass mortality of seals. | the biochemical characterisation of phocine distemper virus (pdv) has shown that pdv is related to but clearly distinct from canine distemper virus (cdv) and relative to its relationship with cdv is only remotely related to the other morbilliviruses, namely measles virus (mv) or rinderpest virus (rpv) and peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv). comparative studies with monoclonal antibodies indicate that the virus is serologically closely related to cdv with many conserved epitopes, particularl ... | 1992 | 1594934 |
| disease conditions affecting common seals (phoca vitulina) around the scottish mainland, september-november 1988. | common seal populations around the scottish coast were less severly devastated by phocine distemper than those on the continent. nevertheless, over a 4-month period, 59 common seals were examined postmortem. the macroscopic and histopathological lesions are described. forty-two per cent of these seals were considered to be suffering from phocine distemper. serology on 29 of the 59 seals was undertaken and the results are discussed in relation to the histopathological findings. bordetella bronchi ... | 1992 | 1594936 |
| mutations and a/i hypermutations in measles virus persistent infections. | 1992 | 1600755 | |
| the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of the m gene of phocid distemper virus (pdv). the most conserved protein of morbilliviruses shows a uniquely close relationship between pdv and canine distemper virus. | the nucleotide sequence of the matrix gene (m) of a recently identified morbillivirus, phocid distemper virus (pdv), was determined and the amino acid composition deduced. the m gene of pdv shared many characteristics with the corresponding gene in other morbilliviruses. the nucleotide homology with the closely related canine distemper virus (cdv) was maximum at 67% followed by measles virus (mv) (58%) and rinderpest virus (rpv) (56%). the length of the 5' long untranslated region of pdv (408) w ... | 1992 | 1604930 |
| antiviral activities of ribavirin, 5-ethynyl-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide, and 6'-(r)-6'-c-methylneplanocin a against several ortho- and paramyxoviruses. | 5-ethynyl-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide (eicar) and 6'-(r)-6'-c-methylneplanocin a (tj13025) are two novel antiviral agents which are targeted against imp dehydrogenase and s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, respectively. these compounds have been examined for their activities against various strains of orthomyxoviruses (influenza virus) and paramyxoviruses (parainfluenza virus, mumps virus, measles virus, and respiratory syncytial virus) in vitro. eicar was 10- to 59-fold more ac ... | 1992 | 1605607 |
| measles vaccination failure--cause for concern? | the author describes a propagated epidemic of measles virus infection on the north-west coast of tasmania. almost 20 per cent of children between the ages of 1 year and 15 years contracted the illness, 45 per cent of whom were previously vaccinated. a retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the incidence of infection and the vaccination status of the community and to investigate the apparent measles vaccine failure. | 1992 | 1605769 |
| persistence of measles antibody after revaccination. | to evaluate persistence of measles antibody after revaccination, antibody levels were measured 6 years after revaccination of 40 hemagglutination-inhibition (hai) antibody-negative students who had participated in a serosurvey in massachusetts. twelve subjects who had been hai antibody-positive and were not revaccinated were included as a comparison group. before revaccination, 7 revaccinees had no detectable plaque reduction neutralization (prn) antibody (group 1) and 33 had low levels of prn a ... | 1992 | 1607699 |
| a measles virus isolate from a child with kawasaki disease: sequence comparison with contemporaneous isolates from 'classical' cases. | we examined the relationship between a measles virus isolate from a child with kawasaki disease and two contemporaneous wild-type isolates from children with 'classical' measles and the schwarz vaccine strain. sequence analysis of 3118 bp from the nucleoprotein, matrix, fusion and haemagglutinin genes of each virus revealed that the isolate from the child with kawasaki disease was not related to measles vaccine strains and did not contain any of the marked abnormalities previously found in subac ... | 1992 | 1607874 |
| measles, mumps, rubella antibody surveillance: pilot study in grampian, scotland. | the prevalence of measles, mumps and rubella antibodies for ages over six months was obtained using a stratified random sample of stored sera submitted in 1988 prior to the implementation of mmr vaccine. besides reflecting the different vaccination policies for the three viruses the results showed that males display earlier sero-conversion for all three infections and a higher proportion of older males are susceptible. two-thirds of children aged 6-15 months had antibodies to measles, the majori ... | 1992 | 1612895 |
| measles virus transmembrane fusion protein synthesized de novo or presented in immunostimulating complexes is endogenously processed for hla class i- and class ii-restricted cytotoxic t cell recognition. | the routes used by antigen-presenting cells (apc) to convert the transmembrane fusion glycoprotein (f) of measles virus (mv) to hla class i and class ii presentable peptides have been examined, using cloned cytotoxic t lymphocytes in functional assays. presentation by epstein-barr virus-transformed b lymphoblastoid cell lines was achieved using live virus, ultraviolet light-inactivated virus, and purified mv-f delivered either as such or incorporated in immunostimulating complexes (mv-f-iscom). ... | 1992 | 1613454 |
| safety and immunogenicity of high-dose edmonston-zagreb measles vaccine in children with hiv-1 infection. a cohort study in kigali, rwanda. | to compare the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of high-dose edmonston-zagreb (ez) measles vaccine in children with and without human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (hiv-1), infection. | 1992 | 1621655 |
| immunity to and immunization against measles, rubella and mumps in patients after autologous bone marrow transplantation. | humoral immunity to measles, rubella and mumps was studied in 63, 36 and 16 patients 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively after autologous bone marrow transplantation (abmt). serologic examination was performed using antibody-elisa. one year after abmt, 7/57 patients (12%) who were seropositive to measles before abmt, became seronegative, 8/44 (18%) to rubella and 3/51 (6%) to mumps. among patients who were retested at 2 and 3 years, three more patients became seronegative to measles, one to rubella, ... | 1992 | 1628126 |
| secondary immune response in a vaccinated population during a large measles epidemic. | the rates of secondary immune response (sir) and secondary vaccine failure (svf) during a measles epidemic (10,184 notifications) were evaluated. a patient with sir was defined as a subject for whom all sera were immunoglobulin g (igg) positive and igm negative with a significant increase in complement fixation titer. a patient with svf was defined as a vaccinated symptomatic subject showing a sir. sequential sera from 898 subjects were tested for measles antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ... | 1992 | 1629334 |
| a leucine zipper structure present in the measles virus fusion protein is not required for its tetramerization but is essential for fusion. | the biological role of a leucine zipper motif present in the measles virus fusion (f) protein has been investigated. this motif is present in all paramyxovirus f proteins, all coronavirus spike proteins and many if not all retrovirus envelope proteins. by analogy to its role in certain transcription factors, it has been suggested that the motif may be responsible for the oligomerization of these viral membrane proteins. in this study, one, two or four heptadic leucines in the motif were substitu ... | 1992 | 1629696 |
| sequence analysis of the 22k, sh and g genes of turkey rhinotracheitis virus and their intergenic regions reveals a gene order different from that of other pneumoviruses. | the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of three genes of turkey rhinotracheitis virus (trtv) together with the nucleotide sequences of the relevant intergenic regions were determined. the deduced amino acid sequence of one of the genes shows significant identity (42%) to that of the 22k protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the trtv 22k gene, like that of rsv, has a second open reading frame, although the amino acid sequence deduced from this reading frame does not show an ... | 1992 | 1629697 |
| [seroepidemiology of measles in mexico]. | measles is an illness of universal distribution and great social impact. according to the who, the annual deaths due to this disease amount to more than a million children in the world. the objectives of this paper are to estimate the seroprevalence of titer of antibodies to measles in the population of 12 to 59 months of age in mexico and identify the determinants of the immunity state. from the national seroepidemiology survey, 5,232 blood samples of children between 12 and 59 months of age, w ... | 1992 | 1631729 |
| [determining factors of rubella in the 10 to 14 year-old population in mexico]. | the clinical and epidemiological importance of rubella relates to its teratogenic effects. when this disease occurs in children, adolescents and adults, it is usually benign. on the other hand, these age groups are source of disease transmission to pregnant women. the serology studies on rubella carried in mexico prior to 1974, detected seropositivity levels from 87.1 to 97.7 percent in children younger than 14 years of age. in contrast, the national seroepidemiology survey (nss) (1988) reported ... | 1992 | 1631734 |
| degree and length of viremia in adults with measles. | measles viremia is thought to peak at onset of rash and diminish rapidly over the subsequent 2-3 days. the length of viremia and the proportion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) infected during measles were investigated in 8 adults. blood was obtained from 7 patients between days 2 and 4 of rash. five patients had repeat specimens obtained on day 6 or 7, and 1 patient had samples taken on days 6 and 10. limiting dilutions of pbmc were cultivated with cord blood pbmc and stimulated wit ... | 1992 | 1634814 |
| sequence analysis of the genes encoding the nucleocapsid protein and phosphoprotein (p) of phocid distemper virus, and editing of the p gene transcript. | the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of two genes of phocid distemper virus (pdv) were determined by cdna cloning and sequencing. the long open reading frame of the gene encoding the nucleocapsid (n) protein is presented. as with other morbilliviruses, the phosphoprotein (p) gene of pdv was found to be located after the 5' end of the n gene and before the 3' end of the matrix protein gene. the p gene was shown to have the capacity to encode three distinct proteins, p, v and c, in anal ... | 1992 | 1634877 |
| epidemiology of measles immunity in a population of healthcare workers. | to evaluate epidemiologic factors that can be used to predict lack of measles immunity in healthcare workers. | 1992 | 1640097 |
| detection of canine distemper virus in bone cells in the metaphyses of distemper-infected dogs. | in the light of recent evidence implicating canine distemper virus (cdv) as a possible etiologic agent in paget's disease of bone, we thought that it would be of interest to examine distemper-infected bone in the natural host. samples from the long bones, spleen, and bladder of four distemper-infected and three uninfected dogs were examined for the presence of cdv nucleocapsid and phosphoprotein genes and the measles virus (mv) nucleocapsid gene using the technique of in situ hybridization with ... | 1992 | 1642150 |
| stimulation of measles virus replication by cyclic guanosine monophosphate. | measles virus (mv) replication in acutely infected human cells was markedly stimulated following exposure to guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic gmp). addition of cyclic gmp to tissue culture fluids immediately following infection with the virus resulted in acceleration of virus-mediated cell fusion, increased synthesis of virus-specified proteins and a 50-fold increase in infectious particle production. no evidence of altered viral protein phosphorylation was found. the results suggest that c ... | 1991 | 1645707 |
| characterizations of the human parainfluenza type 2 virus gene encoding the l protein and the intergenic sequences. | we cloned and determined the nucleotide sequences of cdnas against genomic rna encoding the l protein of human parainfluenza type 2 virus (piv-2). the l gene is 6904 nucleotides long including the intergenic region at the hn-l junction and putative negative strand leader rna, almost all of which is complementary to the positive strand leader rna of piv-2. the deduced l protein contains 2262 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 256,366. the l protein of piv-2 shows 39.9, 28.9, 27.8 a ... | 1991 | 1645865 |
| effects of the 'fusion peptide' from measles virus on the structure of n-methyl dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine membranes and their fusion with sendai virus. | 31p nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31p-nmr) was used to study phospholipid organization in hydrated preparations of n-methyl dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine and a 'fusion peptide' with the sequence: fagv-vlagaalgvaaaaqi, which corresponds to the amino terminus of the f1 subunit of the membrane fusion protein of measles virus. these amino acids are believed to mediate syncytia formation, host-cell penetration and hemolysis by infectious virus. the presence of the peptide at 0.5 mole pe ... | 1991 | 1646029 |
| purification of measles virus by affinity chromatography and by ultracentrifugation: a comparative study. | the purification of viruses by ultracentrifugation in regions with limited resources is often hampered by problems of instrument maintenance. viral antigens must therefore be imported, which results in delays in obtaining epidemiological data. to address this problem, we undertook the development of purification procedures by affinity chromatography using measles virus (strain y15) and monkey igg (anti-measles) coupled covalently via their carbohydrate residues to glass spheres as a model system ... | 1991 | 1648573 |
| [seroprotection against hepatitis a, measles, rubella, and parotiditis in an urban school population]. | to find out the presence of hepatitis a antibodies (anti-ha) in an urban population of madrid, age ranging from 6 to 18 years. at the same time, the immunity level is evaluated with respect to measles, rubella and mumps in a sub-group aged between 6 and 13 years old. | 1991 | 1649358 |
| antigenic and genomic comparisons of some feline parvovirus subspecies strains. | fourteen feline parvovirus (fpv) strains isolated from cats, mink and dogs were comparatively examined on their antigenic and genetic diversities by using monoclonal antibodies against feline panleukopenia virus (fplv) and restriction enzyme analysis of viral dna. mink enteritis virus (mev) strains recently isolated in the northeastern area of the people's republic of china were found to possess more similar antigenic and genetic properties to the antigenic variant virus of canine parvovirus (cp ... | 1991 | 1649516 |
| loss of the endothelin signal pathway in c6 rat glioma cells persistently infected with measles virus. | endothelin 1 causes a strong ca2+ signal in c6 rat glioma cells as measured by fura-2 fluorescence. this endothelin 1-induced ca2+ signal was not observed when the cells were persistently infected with a measles virus strain of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe, strain lec). binding of 125i-labeled endothelin 1 to the c6/sspe cells was less than 5% of the binding to the c6 control cells, suggesting that the impairment in signal transduction was due to a loss of binding sites for endothel ... | 1991 | 1650480 |
| intrathecal antibody production against viruses of the herpesvirus family in acute retinal necrosis syndrome. | viruses of the herpesvirus family cause acute retinal necrosis syndrome, a devastating necrotic retinitis in immunocompetent individuals. direct proof of the viral origin of this disease may be obtained by demonstration of the virus, viral antigens, or viral dna in biopsy specimens of retinas. in search of alternative diagnostic methods, we analyzed cerebrospinal fluid and serum with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for virus-specific antibody activity. intrathecally produced viral antibodies ... | 1991 | 1652896 |
| [the transmission of maternal measles antibodies to newborn infants in the ivory coast]. | authors studied the disappearance of mothers measles antibodies among 286 babies from ivory coast 250 of which were living in adzopé, a town with 30,000 inhabitants at 100 km up north from abidjan and the 36 other babies in abidjan. the study of antibodies by iha showed a higher serum incidence rate of mother antibodies among 4 months aged babies in abidjan. the more sensitive study of antibodies by the mann serum neutralisation, shows that when 6 months aged, 60% babies from adzope still have a ... | 1991 | 1654494 |
| correlation between invariant chain expression level and capability to present antigen to mhc class ii-restricted t cells. | in this study we investigated the role of the invariant chain (li) in the presentation of hen egg lysozyme (hel) and measles virus hemagglutinin (ha) antigens to mhc class ii-restricted t hybridoma cells. fibroblastic cells transfected with ed or ak genes, and supertransfected or not with the li gene, were used as antigen-presenting cells (apc). for every apc pair analysed, the amount of exogenous antigen needed to obtain a t-cell response was inversely correlated with the level of li expression ... | 1991 | 1655000 |
| measles virus phosphoprotein retains the nucleocapsid protein in the cytoplasm. | measles virus (mv) proteins were efficiently expressed in cos and vero cells from vectors based on the strong cytomegalovirus enhancer-promoter and the simian virus 40 origin of replication. when expressed alone, nucleocapsid protein (n) migrates predominantly into the nucleus whereas phosphoprotein (p) is located in the cytoplasm. coexpression of n and p proteins results in retention of the n protein in the cytoplasm, as seen also in infected cells. the retention of n protein is due to specific ... | 1991 | 1656588 |
| multiple sclerosis patients have reduced hla class ii-restricted cytotoxic responses specific for both measles and herpes virus. | it has been previously demonstrated that the generation of measles virus (mv)-specific cytotoxicity (ctl) is reduced in patients with multiple sclerosis (ms). by contrast, ctl specific for influenza virus (flu) and mumps virus is normal. it is uncertain if reduced ctl is limited to mv in ms patients, or if reduced ctl may be found to other viruses as well. since mv-specific ctl is predominantly restricted by hla class ii molecules, while flu-specific and mumps-specific ctl have large hla class i ... | 1991 | 1659588 |
| evaluation of live attenuated varicella vaccine (oka-rit strain) and combined varicella and mmr vaccination in 13-17-month-old children. | the oka-rit strain of live attenuated varicella vaccine at dose levels 5300 pfu (high titre) and 2000 pfu (low titre) was tested in 13-17-month-old children; 50% of the children received the varicella vaccine alone, and the other 50% received it together with a measles-mumps-rubella (mmr) vaccine. the high titre and low titre varicella vaccines induced 96% and 92% seroconversion rates, respectively. following combined vaccination with mmr, the corresponding seroconversion rates for varicella wer ... | 1991 | 1661057 |
| studies on preparation of inactivated vaccines from cell cultures of mink enteritis virus (mev) and their immunity. | in this paper, superhigh reproductive rate strains of mev with titre more than ha8192x or tcid50 log10(9.7) have been achieved both by cultivation in cell lines with different susceptibility to mev and by isolating and identifying in field by the author. the systematic tests proved that s18 and l12 strains of mev are the best strains for vaccine preparation. in this study, the best means for the tissue cultivation of mev and the most advanced technological process for the production and detectio ... | 1991 | 1666290 |
| study of transcription in measles virus-infected vero cells using cdna probes prepared from poly(a)rna from uninfected and infected cells. | from af primary plasmid cdna library prepared from measles virus-infected vero cell poly(a)rna, 435 clones selected at random were used to examine the sensitivity and specificity of cdna probes derived from total poly(a)rna from uninfected and infected vero cells. the correlation between the abundance level of a particular species in the cdna probe and the hybridization signal strength generated by the corresponding cdna clone on a filter was reliably determined only when at least three independ ... | 1991 | 1671552 |
| [possible long-term prognosis in epidemiologically significant virus infections]. | the long-range prognosis of viral diseases must be assessed differently according to their geographical occurrence. the genetic disposition, environmental factors and additional infectious diseases play a decisive part here. vaccinations are the most important measures in the prevention of these infections. the spectrum of possible chemotherapeutic intervention for viral infectious diseases is very small, which usually makes specific treatment impossible. the most important infective viruses epi ... | 1991 | 1676199 |