Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| adenohypophysial cell types in an indian freshwater major carp, catla catla (hamilton). | the different adenocytes in an indian freshwater major carp, catla catla (hamilton) have been studied by employing various modern staining techniques. altogether, 8 different cell types have been reported in the adenohypophysis of the aforesaid fish. variations in the staining intensities of the cell types with the different techniques adopted have been detailed. | 1985 | 2581848 |
| biological activities of ganglion extracts from a prosobranch mollusc, fusinus ferrugineus. | acetone extract of the ganglia of fusinus ferrugineus was applied to c-18 cartridges, and the flowthrough and retained materials were bioassayed on the radula retractor muscle of the animal. the flowthrough was found to have a potent contractile action and the retained material a potent contraction-inhibiting action in addition to a weak contractile action. the retained material was then applied to a column (2.6 x 40 cm) of sephadex g-15. fractions of 4 ml each were collected, and their activiti ... | 1989 | 2584053 |
| comparison of xanthine: nad+ oxidoreductase from liver of toad bufo viridis and other vertebrates. | 1. xanthine oxidoreductase was isolated from toad bufo viridis (a mainly ureotelic amphibian species) and partially purified. the enzyme occurred as a stable xanthine: nad+ oxidoreductase (ec 1.1.1.204), unconvertible to the oxidase form. 2. some properties of the enzyme resembled those of xanthine oxidoreductase from an ammonotelic fish, cyprinus carpio, and the ureotelic rat, but in other aspects it was similar to this enzyme from an uricotelic snake, natrix natrix. 3. inhibition of the toad e ... | 1989 | 2591196 |
| purification and characterization of cu,zn-superoxide dismutase from common carp liver. | 1. common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) liver cu,zn-superoxide dismutase (cu,zn-sod) was purified and characterized. 2. its molecular weight, isoelectric point, electrophoretic mobility, amino acid pattern and some other characteristics were determined. | 1989 | 2591201 |
| motor innervation of respiratory muscles and an opercular display muscle in siamese fighting fish betta splendens. | horseradish peroxidase was used to identify motor neurons projecting to the adductor mandibulae, levator hyomandibulae, levator operculi, adductor operculi, and dilator operculi muscles in siamese fighting fish, betta splendens. these muscles participate in the production of respiratory and feeding movements in teleost fishes. the dilator operculi is also the effector muscle for gill-cover erection behavior that is part of betta's aggressive display. the motor innervation of these muscles in bet ... | 1989 | 2592620 |
| morphology of blood cells in carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the morphology of blood cells in the carp was investigated by light and electron microscopy. erythrocytes, thrombocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes and monocytes were identified as the peripheral blood cells. thrombocytes were round to long oval, each containing vesicular and microtubular structures and an oval nucleus with abundant heterochromatins. lymphocytes were divided into three types in size, small, medium and large. some of the small and medium lymphocytes were alpha-naphthyl-acetate est ... | 1989 | 2601228 |
| cell proliferation in the olfactory bulb of adult freshwater teleosts. | the olfactory bulb of adult specimens of carassius auratus was subjected to an autoradiographic study using [3h]thymidine. adult specimens of carassius auratus, barbus meridionalis, cyprinus carpio and salmo gairdneri were also studied using light and electron microscopy. cells were found undergoing mitotic division with two characteristic locations: a group can be seen near to the ventricle or ventricular recess; these cells can be identified as granule cells or precursors of granule cells. oth ... | 2008 | 2606770 |
| host-parasite interface of paratenuisentis ambiguus (eoacanthocephala) in naturally infected eel and in laboratory-infected sticklebacks and juvenile carp and rainbow trout. | paratenuisentis ambiguus is described from natural infections in adult eels and from laboratory infections in sticklebacks and juvenile carp and rainbow trout. in captured eels, female worms kept reproducing in the laboratory for at least 1 mo. in the 3 small laboratory hosts female worms did not release eggs and longevity did not exceed 3-30 days. it is concluded that the small fishes were unsuitable final hosts. worm penetration into the intestinal wall of all hosts was shallow. thus, the smal ... | 2008 | 2614601 |
| neural mechanisms of chromatic adaptation in l-type cone horizontal cells of the carp retina. | when a background light is delivered, the responsiveness of horizontal cells to light stimulus initially lowers but subsequently recovers gradually as shown by the increase in response amplitude to test light. these changes of responsiveness are observed when white or close wavelengths are used for both the background and test lights. however, the response amplitude to blue-green test light was initially enhanced but decreased and reached a steady state after the onset of red background illumina ... | 1989 | 2615034 |
| aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in blood from various vertebrates. | 1. aldehyde dehydrogenase activity was determined in whole blood samples from 17 selected vertebrates of 5 classes, using 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (the aldehyde derived from dopamine) as substrate. 2. aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in blood was widely but unevenly distributed among the species studied. 3. mean aldehyde dehydrogenase activities in the range of 40-140 nmol/min.ml blood (measured at 37 degrees c, ph 8.8) were found in blood from man, monkey, rabbit, guinea pig and mouse (c5 ... | 1989 | 2620490 |
| [effects of uv-irradiation of carp sperm and its modification by caffeine]. | in connection with the development of uv-induced mutagenesis in carp, the effects of uv-irradiation of sperms have been studied in the range of doses 0.3-40 j/m2. the irradiation did not cause reduced fertilization ability and cleavage delay. small doses of irradiation (0.6 j/m2) produced stimulating effect on embryo survival, the larvae yield decreasing and the amount of aberrant anaphases increasing, as the doses are increased. ld50 is 6.0 j/m2 for embryonal period of carp development, photore ... | 1989 | 2625201 |
| ultrastructural observations on different developmental stages of goussia sinensis (chen, 1955), a parasite of the silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix valenciennes, 1844). | the development of goussia sinensis, a coccidium parasitizing the intestine of the silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) was studied by electron microscopy. all stages developed in the epithelial cells, less frequently in the goblet cells, and were located within a parasitophorous vacuole. in some cases one cell was invaded by several merozoites. eight to sixteen merozoites were formed within the meront by ectomerogony. the ultrastructural processes characteristic of gamogony were the same a ... | 1989 | 2627006 |
| fast activity and oscillatory potential of carp retina in the frequency domain. | there are two kinds of fast activity in the erg: fast retinal potentials (frp), an irregular series of spiky wavelets and oscillatory potentials (op), a rhythmic sequence of events. corneal erg from nine intact young carps, evoked by extended pulses of diffuse white light under mesopic adaptation, displayed two different groups of wavelets related to on and off, respectively. stimulation and recording conditions were established to permit separate fourier analysis of both groups of wavelets. pow ... | 1989 | 2629209 |
| in vitro effect of mammalian pituitary hormones on germinal vesicle breakdown in oocytes of major carps, labeo rohita, cirrhinus mrigala, catla catla and cyprinus carpio. | among all the mammalian pituitary hormones, luteinizing hormone (lh) was the most potent in vitro inducer of oocyte maturation in l. rohita, c. mrigala, c. catla and c. carpio. it induced significant germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd) at concentrations of 10, 1, 0.1 and 0.01 micrograms/ml. at the highest concentration used, lh induced 77.9 +/- 5.9, 73.8 +/- 4.6, 50.3 +/- 2.8 and 40.8 +/- 1.4% gvbd in oocytes of l. rohita, c. mrigala, c. catla and c. carpio, respectively. among other hormones, fol ... | 1989 | 2632393 |
| effects of textile dye stuff effluent on food utilization of cyprinus carpio (linn.). | dye stuff effluent at 15% caused 100% mortality within 24 hr; 96 hr lc50 value being 10% concentration. prolonged exposure of c. carpio to chosen sublethal concentrations (1, 3, 5, 7 or 9%) reduced the food intake and increased the maintenance cost. exposure also caused significant reduction in growth rate and conversion efficiency; these values averaged to 11 mg/g/day and 28% in the control group (0% concentration) respectively and decreased to 0.8 mg/g/day and 4% respectively at 9% concentrati ... | 1989 | 2633962 |
| bacterial action of fertilization envelope extract from eggs of the fish cyprinus carpio and plecoglossus altivelis. | the vitelline envelope (ve) and fertilization envelope (fe) in eggs of the fish cyprinus carpio and plecoglossus altivelis were purified by homogenization of eggs or embryos in 5 mm tris-hcl buffer, ph 7.0, containing 2 mm ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (edta), except for processing of ves in plecoglossus eggs, and by repeated washing wih the same buffer. to extract the outermost layer material, the purified ves and fes were processed overnight at 4 degrees c in 5 mm tris-hcl buf ... | 1989 | 2661718 |
| immunocytochemical demonstration of melanin-concentrating hormone and proopiomelanocortin-like products in the brain of the trout and carp. | immunocytochemistry on frozen sections revealed that in both the trout and the carp, parvocellular neurones located in the medial basal hypothalamus (medial nucleus lateralis tuberis) were immunostained by antisera against three molecules known to be derived from the proopiomelanocortin (pomc) molecule, viz: alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha msh), acth, and salmonid npp--the whole n-terminal sequence preceding acth in the pomc precursor. axons from these neurones extended into various ... | 1989 | 2663629 |
| new trends in parasitic infections of cultured freshwater fish. | the 1980s are characterized by the appearance of new fish parasitoses, the clarification of the aetiology of diseases and new insights into the process of infection and the development of important parasites, especially myxosporidians. two phaerosporoses have entered into the foreground: swimbladder inflammation (sbi) caused by sphaerospora renicola in common carp and proliferative kidney disease (pkd) in salmonids. both diseases must be reported in the german democratic republic (gdr). the conn ... | 1989 | 2669320 |
| immunohistochemical characterization of lymphocyte populations in carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | surface immunoglobulin-bearing cells from peripheral blood, thymus, head kidney, and spleen in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) were studied by immunoperoxidase labelling using antisera against fragments of carp igm. different lymphoid cell populations could be determined. thus, about 35% of the lymphocytes of the peripheral blood, head kidney, and spleen were determined, as "b" lymphocytes, using rabbit anti-carp fab antiserum with l chain specificity. nearly all lymphocytes of the peripheral blood, h ... | 1989 | 2673224 |
| development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for goldfish gonadotropin. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for goldfish gonadotropin (gth) was developed with the intent of devising a simple, reliable and nonradioisotopic assay for the measurement of gth in goldfish biological samples. in this assay, soluble gth of the standards or samples competes with carp gth (cgth) immobilized on a solid support (96-well microplate) for the fixation on antibodies to the beta-subunit of carp gonadotropin. the immobilized antigen-antibody complexes are then revealed by th ... | 1989 | 2679899 |
| effect of a teleost gnrh analog on steroidogenesis by the follicle-enclosed goldfish oocytes, in vitro. | the influence of an agonist analog of teleost gnrh [(d-arg6, trp7, leu8, pro9-net)-gnrh; tgnrh-a] on steroidogenesis was studied in prophase-i arrested, follicle-enclosed, goldfish oocytes in vitro. incubation of the follicles with carp gonadotropin (gth) significantly increased production of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (hp) and testosterone following 24 hr of incubation in vitro. concomitant incubation with tgnrh-a (10(-7) m) significantly attenuated the dose-related increase in gth-induced te ... | 2009 | 2689273 |
| [new data on some parasitic invasions in fish]. | the author gives a review of new literature data from the 80-ties. the following problems are considered: etiology of swim bladder inflammation in carp (sbi), development of parasites of the class myxosporea, overgrowth of parasitic kidney disease (pkd) in salmonid fishes, details of development of myxobolus cerebralis and ichthyophtirius multifiliis, and the new systematics of the diplozoidae. | 1989 | 2699131 |
| fish muscle energy metabolism measured by in vivo 31p-nmr during anoxia and recovery. | by means of in vivo 31p nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) we measured energy stores and intracellular ph at 10-min intervals in the myotome of unanesthetized carp and goldfish before, during, and after a period of anoxia (1 h for carp and 4 h for goldfish). the fish were mounted in a modified bioprobe, and their gills were irrigated with a constant flow of aerated or anoxic water. anoxia caused a steep decline of phosphocreatine and intracellular ph in carp muscle. after the phosphocreatine store ... | 2009 | 2705580 |
| amino acid sequence of alpha-chain of hemoglobin iv from trout (salmo irideus). | the amino acid sequence of the alpha-chain of trout hemoglobin (hb) iv is given, thus completing the primary structure of the hemoglobin component of trout's blood characterized by the root effect. the trout hb iv alpha-chain consists of 142 amino acid residues; comparison with the corresponding sequences from human and carp hemoglobins shows differences of 50.0 and 35.9%, respectively. a difference of 39.6% is found with the alpha-chain of trout hb i, the other major hemoglobin component of tro ... | 1989 | 2706274 |
| efferent tectal cells of crucian carp: physiology and morphology. | tectal cells of the crucian carp (carassius ararssius) showing antidromic responses evoked by rhombencephalic electrical stimulation were physiologically studied and subsequently stained with lucifer yellow ch. the stained efferent tectal cells were fusiform, horizontal, and multipolar. the main axon of these efferent tectal cells descended along the wall of the deep tegmentum and could be traced to the motor area below the cerebellum. the axons gave off their collaterals in several brain areas: ... | 1989 | 2706544 |
| [lipid composition of cyprinidae species. 1. lipid content and fatty acid pattern of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitris (val.))]. | 1989 | 2716812 | |
| [seasonal dynamics of the population count of bothriocephalus opsariichthydis (cestoda, pseudophyllidea) and the differential infestation of carp yearlings of various genotypes]. | 1989 | 2717201 | |
| hydrogen ion equilibria in fish haemoglobins. | h+ titration studies on oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobins from carp, rainbow trout, spiny dogfish and pig are reported, and compared with hb-h+ equilibria in other species and structural information deduced from amino acid sequences. the buffer values of oxygenated and deoxygenated teleost haemoglobins are low in comparison with elasmobranch and mammalian haemoglobins. this correlates with a much lower content of histidine residues and alpha-amino groups in teleost haemoglobins, than that ... | 1989 | 2732661 |
| oxidative properties of carp red and white muscle. | substrate preferences of isolated mitochondria and maximal enzyme activities were used to assess the oxidative capacities of red muscle (rm) and white muscle (wm) of carp (cyprinus carpio). a 14-fold higher activity of citrate synthase (cs) in rm reflects the higher mitochondrial density in this tissue. rm mitochondria oxidize pyruvate and fatty acyl carnitines (8:o, 12:o, 16:o) at similarly high rates. wm mitochondria oxidize these fatty acyl carnitines at 35-70% the rate of pyruvate, depending ... | 1989 | 2732662 |
| lateral feedback from monophasic horizontal cells to cones in carp retina. i. experiments. | the spatial and color coding of the monophasic horizontal cells were studied in light- and dark-adapted retinae. slit displacement experiments revealed differences in integration area for the different cone inputs of the monophasic horizontal cells. the integration area measured with a 670-nm stimulus was larger than that measured with a 570-nm stimulus. experiments in which the diameter of the test spot was varied, however, revealed at high stimulus intensities a larger summation area for 520-n ... | 1989 | 2732679 |
| lateral feedback from monophasic horizontal cells to cones in carp retina. ii. a quantitative model. | about half of the monophasic horizontal cells in carp retina receive input from both red- and green-sensitive cones. since the horizontal cells feed back to cones, the color and feedback pathways result in wavelength- and intensity-dependent changes of the dynamics and of the receptive field amplitude profile of the horizontal cell responses. in this paper we present a quantitative model that describes adequately the color and spatial coding and the dynamics of the responses from monophasic hori ... | 1989 | 2732680 |
| natural environment surpasses polluted environment in inducing dna damage in fish. | measurement of specific dna adduct concentrations in target tissues of organisms may provide a key biologic end-point of exposure to environmental carcinogens. using a general and highly sensitive assay with 32-p-postlabeling, we found that natural populations of freshwater fish species chub, barbel, bream and carp, as well as a marine fish mugil, revealed the presence of four to nine qualitatively similar adducts irrespective of whether they were caught from unpolluted or polluted waters. no st ... | 1989 | 2736723 |
| 1,1,1-trichloroethane: medium-term toxicity to carp, daphnids, and higher plants. | the toxicity of 1,1,1-trichloroethane to carp (cyprinus carpio) and daphnids (daphnia magna) and the effects of gaseous-phase exposure on the growth of higher plants (sorghum bicolor and brassica napus) were investigated. the test systems were designed to minimize loss of the volatile material during the exposure period. during an exposure period of 14 days, there were no mortalities or other symptoms of toxicity in carp exposed to a mean measured 1,1,1-trichloroethane concentration of 7.7 mg/li ... | 1989 | 2737111 |
| effects of metal ions on cyprinid fish immune response: in vitro effects of zn2+ and mn2+ on the mitogenic response of carp pronephros lymphocytes. | lymphocytes from the pronephros of carp (cyprinus carpio l) have been subjected to transformation by mitogens, concanavalin a (con a), phytohemagglutinin (pha), and lipopolysaccharides (lps), with zn or mn at varying concentrations. addition of zn2+ (10(-7) to 10(-3) m) to mitogen-stimulated t and b cells enhanced [3h]thymidine incorporation. addition of 10(-5) m zn2+ inhibited the response to con a, pha, and lps. at this concentration, zn was toxic. addition of mn2+ (10(-7) to 10(-3) m) to mito ... | 1989 | 2737112 |
| characterization of gamma-crystallins from eye lenses of shark: closer structural similarity to mammalian than other piscine gamma-crystallins? | lens crystallins were isolated and characterized from sharks of the cartilaginous fishes. four crystallin fractions corresponding to alpha-, beta h-, beta l- and gamma-crystallins, similar to those of mammalian crystallins, were obtained. the native molecular masses and subunit structures of these purified fractions were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography, sds gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing, revealing the typical subunit compositions with various extents of heterogeneity in ... | 1989 | 2737298 |
| interactions between oocytes of different maturational stages in the carp cyprinus carpio: effects on maturational and steroidogenic activity in vitro. | ovarian fragments from carp which had received injections of saline (control) or carp hypophysial homogenate (primed) were incubated both alone and a cocultures of primed and control tissue in the presence of carp pituitary extract. the results showed that the cocultures were not simply the sums of separate incubations. oocyte maturation was retarded in primed tissue but advanced in control tissue and concentrations of 17,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20 beta p) in the medium were signif ... | 1989 | 2737454 |
| dendritic morphology of retinal dopamine cells in carp of different sizes. | the dendritic morphology of dopamine (da) cells in the inner plexiform layer of the retina of different-sized carp (8.6-33.6 cm in body length) was investigated by identifying their fluorescent cell bodies in isolated, aldehyde-fixed flatmounts and injecting them iontophoretically with lucifer yellow (ly) under microscopic control. da cells for ly injection were chosen in an intermediate region between the optic disc and the retinal margin, and their spatial parameters (cell density, nearest nei ... | 2008 | 2743560 |
| effects of anoxia on catecholamine levels in brain and kidney of the crucian carp. | catecholamine synthesis requires o2. crucian carp (carassius carassius l.), which are extremely anoxia tolerant, were exposed to anoxia for 76 or 160 h. the brain levels of dopamine and norepinephrine (no epinephrine was found in brain) remained relatively constant even after nearly 1 wk of anoxia, indicating very well-functioning transmitter reuptake mechanisms and/or the absence of o2-independent degradation. in contrast, in the kidney (which contains chromaffin tissue), the catecholamine cont ... | 1989 | 2750953 |
| carp growth hormone: molecular cloning and sequencing of cdna. | cdna clones of the fish cyprinus carpio growth hormone (gh) mrna have been isolated from a cdna library prepared from carp pituitary gland poly(a)+rna. the nucleotide sequence of one of the carp gh cdna clones containing an insert of 1164 nucleotides (nt) was determined. the cdna sequence was found to encode a polypeptide of 210 amino acids (aa) including a signal peptide of 22 aa and to contain 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the mrna of 36 and 498 nt, respectively. the carp gh presents a 63% ... | 2008 | 2753359 |
| [opisthorchiasis at left dnieper watersheds]. | present state of opisthorchosis infestation in the dnieper watershed (rivers vorskla, psyol, khorol, sula, seym, snov, desna water basins), situated in the sumy, chernigov, and poltava regions of the ukraine, is assessed. 7909 humans from 37 villages, 94 cats, 1134 carp fishes, 20013 mollusca and 30 soil samples were screened for the presence of opisthorchis eggs. opisthorchosis foci with an over 36% infection rate of population remain in the watersheds of the dnieper left confluents (rivers des ... | 1989 | 2755409 |
| comparative study of the anatomy and laminar organization in the olfactory bulb of three orders of freshwater teleosts. | the anatomy and lamination of the olfactory bulb in cyprinus carpio, tinca tinca, barbus bocagei (fam. cyprinidae, or. cypriniformes); salmo gairdneri (fam. salmonidae, or. salmoniformes); and gambusia affinis (fam. poeciliidae, or. cyprinodontiformes), all of them freshwater teleosts, are studied. these species show significative differences on the location, size, morphology, and lamination of their olfactory bulbs. the presence of a new stratum in the olfactory bulb of salmo gairdneri and a co ... | 1989 | 2759410 |
| development of trypanoplasma borreli (mastigophora: kinetoplastida) in the leech vector piscicola geometra and its infectivity for the common carp, cyprinus carpio. | the development of trypanoplasma borreli in the crop of the leech vector piscicola geometra was characterized by significant changes in morphology. immediately after ingestion by the leech, stumpy-shaped t. borreli predominated and numerous dividing specimens were found. this led to long and slender trypanoplasms near the end of the infection. the infection was terminated with complete digestion of the blood stored in the crop of the leech. the longest period of infection observed was 11 days. t ... | 1989 | 2760765 |
| an immunological study of the secretory activity of neurons producing melanin-concentrating hormone in a teleost. | the melanin-concentrating hormone is a general vertebrate neurosecretory peptide which, in bony fish, serves as a neurohypophysial hormone influencing pigmentary changes in response to background colour. young carp were reared for six months in white- or black-coloured tanks to determine how this would influence the development of the neurons producing the peptide. cytological criteria and radioimmunoassay of tissue extracts showed that the background markedly influenced the synthetic activity o ... | 2008 | 2761693 |
| the beta-actin gene of carp (ctenopharyngodon idella). | 1989 | 2762162 | |
| immunostimulating influence of levamisole on nonspecific immunity in carp (cyprinus carpio). | 1989 | 2767313 | |
| an homologous radioimmunoassay for coho salmon (oncorhynchus kisutch) vitellogenin, with general applicability to other pacific salmonids. | this paper describes an homologous radioimmunoassay for coho salmon vitellogenin that demonstrates parallel cross-reactivity for plasma vitellogenin of all pacific salmonids tested (chinook, chum, coho, pink, and sockeye salmon, and cutthroat and rainbow trout), but not for atlantic salmon or two nonsalmonids: common carp and sablefish. plasma vitellogenin levels were high in ovulatory female pacific salmonids (micrograms/ml to mg/ml range), but were mostly nondetectable in spermiating males of ... | 1989 | 2767411 |
| identification and determination of tert-alkylphenols in carp from the trenton channel of the detroit river, michigan, usa. | whole carp from the detroit river were analyzed by gas chromatographic mass spectrometry. seven tertiary alkyl phenols (tert-pentylphenols, tert-butyl-tert-pentylphenols, a di-tert-pentylphenol and a tri-tert-pentylphenol) and eight chlorinated derivatives of these compounds were identified from their mass spectra and confirmed with synthesized authentic standards. 2,4-di-tert-pentylphenol was the most abundant of these compounds; in one fish sample, its concentration was about 140 ppm. the same ... | 1989 | 2775903 |
| an effective method for plasma lipoprotein separation: studies of various animal species. | 1. plasma lipoprotein separation by density gradient ultracentrifugation largely depends on visual examination based on the natural yellow pigments of lipoproteins. 2. in non-human species and in humans with dyslipoproteinemia, some lipoproteins are not well visualized due to the lack of pigments. 3. using a fluorescent probe in minute quantity (1,6 diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene) we were able to demonstrate an effective plasma lipoprotein separation using a discontinuous density gradient ultracentri ... | 1989 | 2776426 |
| enzymatic properties of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from fish muscle. | 1. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was isolated from the ordinary muscle of red sea bream pagrus major, pacific mackerel scomber japonicus and carp cyprinus carpio by ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by deae-sepharose cl-6b and deae-cellulose column chromatography and sephadex g-150 gel filtration, and examined for enzymatic properties. 2. their optimum ph values in the backward reaction ranged from 7.8 to 8.2, and km values from 1.56 to 1.90 mm. 3. irrespective of the species o ... | 1989 | 2776431 |
| restrained least squares refinement of native (calcium) and cadmium-substituted carp parvalbumin using x-ray crystallographic data at 1.6-a resolution. | carp parvalbumin coordinates calcium through one carbonyl oxygen atom and the oxygen-containing side chains of 5 amino acid residues, or 4 residues and a water molecule, in a helix-loop-helix structural motif. other calcium-binding proteins, including calmodulin and troponin c, also possess this unique calcium-binding design, which is designated ef-hand or calmodulin fold. parvalbumin has two such sites, labeled cd and ef. each of the calcium-binding sites of refined structures of proteins belon ... | 1989 | 2777802 |
| [the infection process with sphaerospora renicola (myxosporidia)]. | new data are presented on the development of infection by s. renicola in common carp within the first 15 weeks of their life. the infection of parasite-free common carp succeeded by myxospores as well as by feeding carp kidneys with and without spores in laboratory experiments. in field experiments one year-old parasite-free common carp were successfully infected. | 1989 | 2782666 |
| mechanism of the water response in frog gustation: possible significance of surface potential. | the frog taste response to deionized water (water response) after adaptation of the tongue to salts was recorded from the glossopharyngeal nerve under various conditions. it was found that the frog water response exhibits different behavior from the carp water response examined in a previous paper13. (a) the frog water response did not decline during stimulation and lasted for at least 3 min, while the carp water response declined within 10 s after stimulation to a spontaneous level. (b) the fro ... | 2009 | 2786441 |
| [the dynamics of the immunologic indices of carp exposed to methylene blue]. | several immunological and haematological indices as well as infection of carp with ectoparasites of the dactylogyrus genus have been studied in fish that have been subjected to methylene blue treatment, to infection with rhabdovirus carpio and aeromonas hydrophila in different combinations. a dosage of 0.05 mg/l (exposure lasting for 3 days) over 20 days increases most of the immunological indices. a treatment of the carp with drug (dosage of 100 mg/l) for 4 hours has a stimulating effect on the ... | 1989 | 2792442 |
| a major histocompatibility locus in fish: serological identification and segregation of transplantation antigens in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | in this study, experiments are described that were designed to investigate whether fish have an immune regulatory systems similar to the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) in higher vertebrate species. from combinations of gynogenetic carp showing either slow or fast rejection of skin transplants, the latter were chosen for alloantiserum production by hyperimmunization with peripheral blood leucocytes. the resulting alloantisera were analyzed for hemagglutinating reactivity with gynogenetic ... | 1989 | 2793208 |
| neuroglia in the optic tectum of teleosts. | the morphology of the neuroglial cells of the optic tectum of cyprinid teleosts (cyprinus carpio and barbus bocagei) was analyzed using two variants of the golgi method (colonnier and meyer) and electron microscopy. although the description of the results is based on the three classical neuroglial types (ependymocytes, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), their analysis shows that the differentiation between astrocytes and oligodendrocytes is complex. owing to the occurrence of numerous elements wi ... | 1989 | 2794486 |
| the parasitemia of cloned trypanoplasma borreli laveran and mesnil, 1901, in laboratory-infected common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the course of parasitemia of cloned trypanoplasma borreli in laboratory-infected common carp was investigated. in 25-42-g carp kept at 20 c, the prepatent period was 8 days; after a phase of exponential growth, the parasitemia peaked at day 39 postinjection (pi) at a level of about 10(3) t. borreli/microliters blood. this maximum was followed by a chronic phase of about 6 wk with large numbers of t. borreli. at 20 wk pi, t. borreli was absent in infected carp. in 2.2-g carp kept at 20 c, the pre ... | 1989 | 2795371 |
| similarity of ion dependence of odorant responses between lipid bilayer and olfactory system. | in a previous paper (nomura and kurihara (1987) biochemistry 26, 6135-6140), we demonstrated that the lipid bilayer membranes exhibit membrane potential changes in response to various odorants similarly to olfactory cells. the present study demonstrated that ion dependence of the responses of the lipid membranes to odorants is related to that in the carp olfactory system in the following point. (1) the responses to odorants diminished at low concentrations of salts and recovered upon addition of ... | 1989 | 2804055 |
| [a dynamic model of the interaction of cones with bright horizontal cells in the carp retina]. | the dynamic model showing interaction between cones and l-type horizontal cells in the carp retina is discussed. the model is based on the intracellular recording of spectral responses of horizontal cells. the model equations describe the contribution of ionic channels to responses of cones and horizontal cells. the model permits predicting responses of photopic l-cells as a function of time. | 2009 | 2812137 |
| some observations on the narcotizing ability of electric currents on the common carp cyprinus carpio. | some effects of alternating current electronarcosis and of rectified current electronarcosis on c. carpio were investigated. in all instances recovery from narcosis was accompanied by convulsive spasms. haemorrhaging of the gills was also observed to occur. carp do not appear to be suitable candidates for electronarcosis. | 1989 | 2812707 |
| a functional explanation for a sequence of developmental events in the carp. the absence of gills in early larvae. | the animal body is composed of structural elements which can be characterized by their size, position, external form, internal structure and their participation in functions. their presence is taken for granted. the ontogenetic sequence of development of functional systems in fish shows an early absence of gills although effective and fast suction feeding movements are already found in 6 mm larvae. calculations of the oxygen diffusion boundary layer in these larvae which would be present when or ... | 1989 | 2816523 |
| development of "csaba cells" in experimentally infected cyprinus carpio. | the development of "csaba cells" in the blood of experimentally infected common carp showed the various different stages as previously described in the literature. most frequent were stage 1 and later stage 5 cells. 3 subsequent passages were successful. | 1989 | 2817508 |
| the 18p- syndrome. report of five cases. | five children, three males and two females were found to have a short arm deletion of chromosome 18. four of them display some of the typical features of this syndrome: microcephaly, round face, hypertelorism, broad-based nose, "carp-mouth", microrethrognathia, pterygium colli, dysplastic and low set ears, clinodactily, failure to grow, muscular hypotony and mental retardation. different hypotheses are discussed in order to explain the variable phenotypical expression of the 18 p-syndrome. | 1989 | 2817777 |
| studies on the linkage between spin equilibria and protein structure in carp ferric hemoglobin. | the effects of protein conformation on the spin-state equilibria of several derivatives of carp hemoglobin have been examined. this has been done by measuring the ph dependence of the paramagnetic susceptibilities of these derivatives in the presence and absence of inositol hexakisphosphate, p6-inositol. in all cases the addition of p6-inositol at low ph and the lowering of the ph in the presence of p6-inositol shift the spin-state equilibrium in favor of the high-spin electronic configuration. ... | 1987 | 2822419 |
| red cell function of carp (cyprinus carpio) in acute hypoxia. | the red cell function of carp, subjected to acute hypoxia, was studied. during hypoxic exposure red cell water content, sodium and chloride concentration and ph increased, whereas plasma sodium and chloride concentrations decreased. treatment of the animals with a beta-adrenergic antagonist, propranolol, before the onset of hypoxia, largely inhibited the increase in red cell water content, diminished the changes in red cell ph and prevented the changes in red cell and plasma sodium concentration ... | 1987 | 2822469 |
| carp (cyprinus carpio) heart has a high sensitivity to the positive inotropic effect of strophanthidin despite negative force-frequency relationships. | 1. the relationship between response of the heart to increased stimulation frequency and digitalis sensitivity was examined comparing the positive inotropic effect of strophanthidin and [3h]ouabain binding to sarcolemmal na+, k+-activated adenosine triphosphatase (na+, k+-atpase) in carp heart, which showed a negative force-frequency relationship, and in guinea-pig heart, which has a positive relationship. 2. in ventricular muscle preparations isolated from carp heart, strophanthidin increased d ... | 1987 | 2822523 |
| cloning and characterization of a highly repetitive fish nucleotide sequence. | we have cloned and sequenced a highly repetitive hindiii fragment of dna from the common carp cyprinus carpio. it represents a tandemly repeated sequence with a monomeric unit of 245 bp and comprises 8% of the fish genome. higher units of this monomer appear as a ladder in southern blots. the monomeric unit has been sequenced; it is a + t-rich with some direct and some inverse-repeat nucleotide clusters. | 2009 | 2835294 |
| separation of gonadotropic fractions with different species specificities from tuna pituitaries. | eight different gonadotropic glycoprotein fractions were separated from the acetone-dried powder of yellow fin tuna pituitary glands by successive chromatographies on superose 12 for gel filtration and mono q for anion exchange using the pharmacia fast protein liquid chromatography system. this was preceded by preliminary separations using an ammonium sulfate precipitation method and affinity chromatography on concanavalin a-sepharose. for biological characterization, we employed two radiorecept ... | 1988 | 2838377 |
| subtype of excitatory amino acid receptor in cone horizontal cells of the carp retina as specified by reversal potential measurement technique. | effects of agonists of the excitatory amino acid (eaa) transmitters were examined in carp cone horizontal cells where glutamate (glu) or aspartate (asp) is believed to act as the transmitter released from the photoreceptors. bath application of kainic (ka), quisqualic (qa) and n-methyl-d-aspartic (nmda) acids produced little effect on cone cells, indicating that their effects act directly on the horizontal cells. ka and qa (100 microm for both) produced depolarizations in the horizontal cells. t ... | 1988 | 2840614 |
| catch-relaxing peptide (carp) decreases the ca-permeability of snail neuronal membrane. | effect of carp was investigated on snail neurones. it was found that carp decreased the slowly inactivating ca- and the ca-activated k-currents. | 1988 | 2848713 |
| analysis of synaptic inputs to on-off amacrine cells of the carp retina. | to elucidate the synaptic transmission between bipolar cells and amacrine cells, the effect of polarization of a bipolar cell on an amacrine cell was examined by simultaneous intracellular recordings from both cells in the isolated carp retina. when either an on or off bipolar cell was depolarized by an extrinsic current step, an on-off amacrine cell was transiently depolarized at the onset of the current but no sustained polarization during the current was detected. the current hyperpolarizing ... | 1988 | 2849629 |
| [characterization of opioid receptor from bullfrog brain]. | among the tested five species--carp, bullfrog chicken, rat, and mouse--the solubilized fraction derived from the bullfrog brain gave the highest binding activity similar to that of membranes. the difference in their binding activities was demonstrated to depend on the bmax value, but not on kd. high-affinity binding of [3h]naloxone and [3h]ethylketocyclazocine (ekc) was proved in supernatant of detergent-treated membranes. the displacement curves of various [3h]ligands binding to the membrane an ... | 1988 | 2851236 |
| amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure of cytosolic adenylate kinase from carp muscle. | the amino acid sequence of cytosolic adenylate kinase from carp muscle has been determined. for the analysis of the blocked amino terminus an n-acylaminoacyl peptidase has been isolated and applied successfully. the resulting sequence is homologous to those of other adenylate kinases. it has 76% and 74% identical amino acids when compared with the enzymes from chicken and pig, respectively. the carp enzyme forms x-ray-grade crystals, the structure of which has been solved at 0.58-nm resolution. ... | 1988 | 2851785 |
| [effect of baclofen and muscimol on the evoked potentials of the tectum mesencephali in the carp in response to stimulation of the visual and somatosensory afferent inputs]. | the perfusion of (+/-) 10(-5) m baclofen to the optic tectum of the carp greatly reduced evoked potential to the optic nerve stimulation and slightly inhibited evoked potential to the spinal cord stimulation. the perfusion of 10(-4) m muscimol reduced the former evoked potential as well as the latter one. the results permit supposing that tectal visual input is more sensitive to the presynaptic inhibitory influences through gabab-receptors than the somatosensory afferent input. | 1988 | 2854884 |
| l-glutamate depolarizes on-off transient type of amacrine cells in the carp retina: an ionophoretic study. | amacrine cells generating the on-off transient type of photoresponse, which is most frequently encountered, were identified by intracellular recording and staining with a fluorescent dye lucifer yellow in the carp (cyprinus carpio) retina. l-glutamate applied ionophoretically slowly depolarized the amacrine cells by about 10 mv and reduced their photoresponses during the application. such changes gradually recovered following the cessation of l-glutamate injection. the results indicate that this ... | 1985 | 2858255 |
| in vitro absorption of inorganic phosphate and other electrolytes in the carp intestine. | net movements of water, na, cl, k, ca, mg and pi were measured in the stripped and everted intestine of the carp. a high concentrative absorbtion of pi was observed, whereas na and cl were absorbed almost isotonically. the rate of pi absorption was greater in the middle part than in the anterior or posterior part of the intestine. | 1985 | 2858287 |
| effects of acute heat exposure on respiratory metabolism and blood glucose in freshwater fishes, prochilodus scrofa (curimbatá) and cyprinus carpio (carp) acclimatized to tropical winter. | routine oxygen consumption and blood glucose were determined from freshwater fishes, prochilodus scrofa and cyprinus carpio, exposed at high temperatures for 1 hr. prochilodus scrofa had a significantly higher rate of oxygen consumption at 30 degrees c than at 25 degrees c, and carp higher at 25 degrees c than at 30 degrees c. blood glucose was significantly higher for cyprinus carpio than for prochilodus scrofa at 25 and 30 degrees c; however, after exposure to these temperatures for 1 hr blood ... | 2010 | 2858306 |
| uptake and distribution of radioiodine, and the effect of ambient nitrate, in some fish species. | 125i uptake by the thyroid was most pronounced in the smelt (osmerus eperlanus), perch (perca fluviatilis), rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri), roach (rutilus rutilus) and bleak (alburnus alburnus). unlike other tissues, only the muscle in the species studied no relative accumulation of 125i as compared to the ambient water. the crusian carp (cyprinus carassius) indicated the lowest levels of accumulation of 125i among the species tested. thyroid radioiodine concentration was independent of the len ... | 1985 | 2858311 |
| sodium-dependent absorption of inorganic phosphate by the carp intestine. | concentrative absorption of inorganic phosphate observed in the stripped and everted intestine of the carp disappeared, when na concentration of the ringer solution was reduced from 150 to 7 mm, or when orthophosphate was replaced with metaphosphate. incubation in the ringer solution gassed with n2 instead of o2 also resulted in loss of the pi absorption. dinitrophenol significantly decreased the unidirectional pi flux from mucosa to serosa (jms) and increased the flux from serosa to mucosa (jsm ... | 1985 | 2858323 |
| membrane lipid environment of carp brain and liver mitochondrial monoamine oxidase. | delipidation of carp liver mitochondria by treatment with methyl ethyl ketone (mek) or triton x-100 and then perchlorate greatly reduced mao activities. treatment with only triton x-100 resulted in less reduction in activity. the km values of the remaining activities were similar regardless of these treatments. the sensitivities towards clorgyline and l-deprenyl of the remaining activity in the triton x-100-treated residue and the phospholipase c-treated carp brain mitochondria were found to be ... | 1985 | 2861003 |
| induction of metal-binding proteins by zinc is accompanied by reduction of other proteins including antibodies. | exposure of carp lymphoid cells to zinc causes formation of metal-binding proteins (metallothioneins). metallothionein induction is accompanied by a suppression of the production of other proteins. antibodies are among the proteins which are decreased by zinc exposure. similar results from in vivo experiments indicate that zinc might affect even fish living in water still regarded as unpolluted. | 1985 | 2861052 |
| accumulation of pollutants in fish. | the amount of radioactivity which derived from 14c-labeled pollutants was determined in liver, kidney, intestine, blood, muscle and gills of carp, exposed for 6, 24 and 72 hr to high external concentrations of urea, methanol, atrazine and pcp. the results allowed one to calculate roughly the uptake rate for these compounds. it was low for urea (0.055 micrograms/g per hr), higher for methanol (0.12) and atrazine (0.16) and highest for pcp (1.5). the bioaccumulation factors (bfs) were determined f ... | 1985 | 2861946 |
| the effect of paraquat on the peroxide metabolism enzymes in erythrocytes of freshwater fish species. | the toxic effects of 10 ppm paraquat in vivo on the enzymes superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (c), peroxidase (p), glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) and on lipid peroxidation (lp) were estimated in erythrocytes of the carp, the tench and the crucian carp. paraquat caused activity enhancement of the peroxide metabolism enzymes and increase of the lipid peroxidation in the carp and the crucian carp. the enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation were dependent on the species and on the length of th ... | 1985 | 2861964 |
| a thrombelastographic study of the effect of stress on the blood coagulation in cyprinus carpio (cyprinidae) and oreochromis mossambicus (cichlidae). | the normal blood coagulation in cyprinus carpio and oreochromis mossambicus was investigated by thrombelastography and standard thrombelastographs were obtained for each species. the effect of stress on blood coagulation was thereafter determined. the thrombelastograms indicated hypercoagulability under stress conditions. a prominent observation is the differences in the elasticity of the clot under various conditions. fibrinolysis occurred in all cases, except in the case of cyprinus carpio aft ... | 1985 | 2864206 |
| so-called interplexiform cells immunoreactive to tyrosine hydroxylase or somatostatin in rat retina. | the morphology of so-called interplexiform (ip) cells immunoreactive to tyrosine hydroxylase (th) or somatostatin (som) in the rat retina was described in comparison with those in the carp retina. in frozen cross-sections of the rat retina, many processes of th-like immunoreactive cells were found to extend toward the outer plexiform layer (opl), forming a thin layer of network fibers. a few of them further extended into the photoreceptor cell layer; such fibers were never found in the carp reti ... | 1985 | 2864980 |
| effect of pesticides on the ldh activity and isoenzyme pattern of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) sera. | copper sulphate (cuso4), paraquat (pq) and methidathion (md) all caused tissue necrosis as demonstrated by increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh, ec 1.1.1.27) in blood sera. the main target of damage is shown by the isoenzymes appearing in the blood sera. the cuso4 treatment damaged mainly the heart and skeletal muscles. this is indicated by the increased ldh level and the m and h subunits appearing in the isoenzyme pattern of the serum. pq damaged first of all the gills and methidathio ... | 1985 | 2865066 |
| effects of acidic amino acid antagonists upon the spectral properties of carp horizontal cells: circuitry of the outer retina. | the acidic amino acid receptor antagonists, alpha-methylglutamate and alpha-aminoadipate, were applied to the carp retina to study their effects upon the spectral properties of horizontal cells and to elucidate the synaptic connections between horizontal cells and cones. application of these antagonists strongly hyperpolarized the l-type cone horizontal cells and reduced the responses of these horizontal cells to red light more than to blue light. application of co2+ ions to the retina, a proced ... | 1985 | 2865339 |
| some observations on the influence of stress on ecg patterns in oreochromis mossambicus and cyprinus carpio. | electrocardiograms of undisturbed, resting fish as well as disturbed (stressed) fish were recorded by biotelemetry. both fish species showed marked changes in heartbeat patterns in response to stress with tilapia exhibiting the most pronounced changes. a theory is advanced to account for the marked changes in electrocardiogram patterns of disturbed fishes. | 1985 | 2866875 |
| the effects of pentachlorophenol, phenol and other pollutants on the liver of carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | liver tissue of carp was kept in roller tubes and the basal and epinephrine-induced release of glucose after 6 or 24 hr incubation were measured. the amount of liver glycogen after incubation was also determined. the liver was taken from carp treated in vivo with pollutants, mainly pcp or phenol, or was exposed to these pollutants in vitro. treatment of carp in vivo with 10-10(4) micrograms/l phenol reduced the basal and the epinephrine-induced release of glucose from the liver. treatment with l ... | 1985 | 2866901 |
| isoproterenol-induced desensitization to the positive inotropic effect of isoproterenol in ventricular strips isolated from carp heart (cyprinus carpio). | whether the positive inotropic effect of isoproterenol in ventricular strips of carp heart is altered by previous exposure to the agonist was studied. isoproterenol produced a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect in these preparations which was competitively antagonized by propranolol. isoproterenol dose-response curves were shifted significantly downward and to the right after previous treatment with and removal of isoproterenol. the desensitization could be demonstrated after 5 mi ... | 1985 | 2866913 |
| anaerobic wintering of crucian carp (carassius carassius l.)--ii. metabolic products. | in long-term experimental anoxia (up to 140 days) crucian carp excreted ethanol and acetic acid. the maximum concentration of ethanol found in fish blood was ca 0.1%. the excretion rate of ethanol at temperatures from -0.5 to +5 degrees c was ca 25 micrograms/g fish wet wt/hr, but increased rapidly with increasing temperature. at 2 and 5 degrees c the ethanol excretion rate was independent of fish size, but at 12 and 18 degrees c a higher rate was observed in smaller fish. the decrease of water ... | 1986 | 2869864 |
| sublethal effect of ammonia on certain biochemical and haematological indicators in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | carp (cyprinus carpio l.) fry were exposed for 3 weeks to a sublethal concentration of ammonia (0.102 +/- 0.059 mg nh3/dm3). ammonia induced considerable changes in the level of free amino acids and unfavourable changes in the blood, i.e. leucopaenia and eosinophy. the observed increase of the concentration of most amino acids in fish intoxicated with nh3 suggests that the process reflects detoxication of ammonia which takes place both in the brain and muscles. | 1986 | 2869895 |
| histaminergic mechanisms in the vertebrate visual system. | this paper presents and summarizes our recent results on histamine (hi) in vertebrate visual system. the data include: 1. hi distribution, localization, synthesis, uptake and metabolism in retina, optic nerve, choroid and brain of carp, hen, rabbit, cow, 2. distribution of hi in human eyes, 3. 3h-mepyramine binding in the bovine retina, and hi dependent camp generating system in the rabbit eye, 4. effect of light stimulation on hi content in the rabbit retina, optic nerve and brain, 5. diurnal v ... | 1985 | 2870485 |
| n-methyl d-aspartate acts as an antagonist of the photoreceptor transmitter in the carp retina. | glutamate, aspartate, and their agonists, kainate, quisqualate, cysteine sulfinate and n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda), were applied to the isolated carp retina while recording from horizontal cells. all these agents, except nmda, depolarized horizontal cells membrane and reduced responses to light, thus mimicking the effect of the endogenous photoreceptor transmitter. application of nmda, on the other hand, caused a membrane hyperpolarization of horizontal cells in the dark, an effect different fro ... | 1986 | 2871897 |
| are beta-adrenergic receptors in ventricular muscles of carp heart (cyprinus carpio) mostly the beta-2 type? | the positive inotropic effect of isoproterenol was quantified in the presence of several beta-adrenergic blocking agents in ventricular strips of carp heart. isoproterenol had a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect. the effect was markedly inhibited by propranolol and carteolol, but was extremely insensitive to atenolol. practolol totally failed to alter the effect. these results indicated that the positive inotropic effect of isoproterenol may be mediated by mostly beta-2 adrenergi ... | 1986 | 2871986 |
| beta-2 adrenergic receptors are not only for circulating catecholamines in ventricular muscles of carp heart (cyprinus carpio). | whether beta-2 adrenergic receptors are only for the circulating catecholamines in isolated ventricular muscles of carp heart was studied. isoproterenol, epinephrine and norepinephrine had concentration dependent positive inotropic effects. the ed50 values for isoproterenol, epinephrine and norepinephrine were 6.23 +/- 1.9, 87.3 +/- 27.3 and 4500 +/- 580 nm, respectively. phentolamine did not alter the inotropic effects. tyramine increases the force of contraction and this action was completely ... | 1986 | 2871987 |
| presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor mediated inhibition of the neurogenic cholinergic contraction in the isolated intestinal bulb of the carp (cyprinus carpio). | the effects of norepinephrine, epinephrine and clonidine on neurogenic cholinergic contraction were examined in the presence of a beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent, carteolol (5 x 10(-6) m), in the isolated intestinal bulb of the carp. norepinephrine, epinephrine (10(-9)-10(-6) m) and clonidine (10(-8)-10(-5) m) inhibited the contraction induced by low frequency (2 or 5 hz) transmural stimulation (tms) without inhibiting the contraction induced by acetylcholine (ach, 6 x 10(-8)-4 x 10(-7) m). met ... | 1986 | 2871988 |
| the in vitro metabolism of eulan wa new by liver homogenates from freshwater fish. | the rate of formation of pentachloro-2-aminodiphenylether (5-pad) from pentachloro-2-(chloromethylsulphonamido) diphenylether (6-pcsd) by goldfish liver homogenates was studied in a variety of buffers. the highest rate was observed when the homogenate was prepared and assayed in phosphate buffer containing dithiothreitol. the 5-pad forming activity of liver homogenate preparations from a variety of freshwater fish (goldfish, carp, pike, rainbow trout, perch and eel) showed contrasting species di ... | 1986 | 2873942 |
| factors affecting release of 3h-dopamine from perfused carp retina. | the effects of putative retinal neurotransmitters and several neuropeptides on 3h-dopamine release from isolated perfused carp (cyprinus carpio) retinas were studied. of the transmitter candidates tested, only serotonin (5-ht) and the 5-ht agonist tryptamine released 3h-dopamine. however, the release evoked by these agents was calcium (ca2+) independent and not blockable by the 5-ht antagonist methysergide. we also investigated the antagonism of inhibitory inputs as a potential regulatory mechan ... | 1986 | 2874198 |
| effects of morphine and methionine-enkephalin on the smooth muscle tonus and the contraction induced by transmural stimulation in the carp (cyprinus carpio) intestinal bulb. | the effects of morphine and methionine-enkephalin (met-enkephalin) on the smooth muscle tonus and the contraction induced by transmural stimulation were investigated in the isolated intestinal bulb of carp in vitro. morphine (30 nm-3 microm) and met-enkephalin (3 nm-5 microm) caused dose-dependent non-sustained contraction. naloxone (10 nm) inhibited the contraction induced by morphine or met-enkephalin in a competitive manner. tetrodotoxin (400 nm) or atropine (500 nm) did not inhibit the contr ... | 2009 | 2874947 |
| the time-course of appearance and net accumulation of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) presented orally to juvenile carp cyprinus carpio (l.). | a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) technique was used in order to determine horseradish peroxidase (hrp) uptake from the carp gut. hrp was detected in blood plasma and various tissues within 15 min of oral intubation. the time-course of net accumulation (uptake-degradation) over a 2 hr period was recorded. the presence of hrp reached a maximum in the body tissues approximately 1 hr after intubation and on a microgram/g wet weight basis the order of accumulation within the tiss ... | 1986 | 2875835 |