Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| sensitivity of ocellar interneurons of the honeybee to constant and temporally modulated light. | sinusoidally modulated and discrete light pulses, the parameters of which approximated natural light conditions, were used to determine the response characteristics of ocellar first-order interneurons of the worker honeybee (apis mellifera carnica). large ocellar interneurons which terminate within the brain (lb neurons) were recorded from intracellularly and were identified visually after dye injection. absolute sensitivity of lb neurons to light flashes ranges from 4 x 10(9) quanta/cm2s (q) fo ... | 1989 | 2760607 |
| histochemistry of acetylcholinesterase and immunocytochemistry of an acetylcholine receptor-like antigen in the brain of the honeybee. | a histochemical staining method for acetylcholinesterase (ache) and an antiserum raised against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (achr) of locust nervous tissue were applied in order to reveal certain candidates of cholinergic pathways in the brain of the honeybee. the ache staining marked layers in the optic lobes, fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres, and fiber tracts as well as soma clusters within the protocerebrum. the calycal input regions of the mushroom bodies were labelled, wher ... | 1989 | 2768558 |
| [ca-inhibited binding of melittin with parvalbumin. a new role for parvalbumins?]. | it was found that pike parvalbumins pi 4.2 and 5.0 bind amphiphilic peptide melittin extracted from bee venom in an extraordinary ca-dependent manner: in apo-state the protein forms a tight equimolar complex with melittin (ka = 10(6) m-1 at 18 degrees c); in ca- (and mg-) loaded state it does not take place. heating of the protein up to temperatures above the denaturation temperature of apo-parvalbumin does not change the stoichiometry of the complex but increases its association constant by an ... | 2013 | 2770738 |
| [cell adhesion in rat fibroblasts: effect of tumor promoters]. | in a study performed on transformed (sgs/3a) and normal syngeneic rat cells (fg/2) to identify the molecular mechanisms which regulate cell adhesion and contact inhibition in cell transformation, we investigated the effects of tumor promoters on cell to cell adhesion of rat fibroblasts. as tumor promoters we used 12-tetradecanoyl-phorbole-13-acetate (tpa) and the melittin, a polypeptide from bee venom, both substances capable of stimulating the neoplastic transformation. the intercellular adhesi ... | 1989 | 2775550 |
| analysis of the cdna for phospholipase a2 from honeybee venom glands. the deduced amino acid sequence reveals homology to the corresponding vertebrate enzymes. | a cdna expression library was constructed from worker bee venom glands and screened with an antibody against phospho lipase a2. the nucleotide sequence of a positive clone with the largest insert showed an open reading frame that codes for part of the signal peptide, the pro-region and the entire mature enzyme of the bee venom phospholipase a2 precursor. this sequence differs in the central region from the one determined by shipolini et al. [febs lett. 17, 39-40 (1971)] in showing, among other e ... | 1989 | 2776767 |
| serial studies on the functional affinity and heterogeneity of antibodies of different igg subclasses to phospholipase a2 produced in response to bee-venom immunotherapy. | high functional affinity and high titer igg4 antibodies to phospholipase a2 were produced by allergic patients in response to bee-venom immunotherapy. in contrast, the affinity of igg1 antibodies decreased after immunotherapy, and both the titer and affinity of igg1 antiphospholipase a2 remained significantly lower compared to igg4 1 to 2 years after treatment. analysis of affinity heterogeneity suggested a loss of igg1 high-affinity antibody-producing clones during immunotherapy and a preferent ... | 1989 | 2778238 |
| high resolution of honey bee (apis mellifera) venom peptides by propionic acid/urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after ethanol precipitation. | a new and simple gel electrophoretic method is described which enables the protein and polypeptide components of bee venom to be resolved on a single gel. the electrophoretic method allows octapeptides to be resolved and species as small as decapeptides can be detected at high sensitivity using the coomassie blue staining method without prior fixation. this has been achieved by replacing acetic acid by propionic acid in acid/urea polyacrylamide gels and by controlling the amount of temed catalys ... | 2009 | 2781578 |
| a novel neurogenic vasodilator mechanism in bovine mesenteric artery. | the presence of a neurogenic vasodilator mechanism was investigated in isolated bovine mesenteric arteries (bmas) that were precontracted with phenylephrine. electrical field stimulation induced tetrodotoxin-sensitive relaxations in guanethidine-pretreated bmas. the relaxation occurred after a delay of about 5-8 seconds and amounted to 25-35% in different sets of experiments. the relaxation was not affected by classical receptor antagonists such as atropine (1 microm), cimetidine (3.9 microm), c ... | 1989 | 2791226 |
| cardiovascular responses to physical exercise and tyramine infusion in hypertensive and normotensive subjects. | the aim of our investigation was to assess blood pressure and heart rate variations in 20 essential hypertensive male in-patients (who class i and ii) and in 20 normotensive healthy volunteers submitted to three provocation tests: isometric handgrip (ihg), bicycle ergometric exercise (bee) and tyramine infusion (ti) given as i.v. boluses alternating with saline in a single-blind fashion. according to our data ihg induced a comparable rise of systolic bp, diastolic bp and heart rate both in hyper ... | 2009 | 2795592 |
| [bee husbandry products in the treatment of diseases of the digestive organs]. | 1989 | 2796680 | |
| predictive value of venom-specific ige, igg and igg subclass antibodies in patients on immunotherapy with honey bee venom. | sixty-seven patients with a history of severe systemic reactions following honey bee stings were treated by immunotherapy (it) with honey bee venom. during maintenance therapy all were submitted to a sting challenge under clinical conditions. 15 developed mostly minor symptoms of a systemic reaction while 52 showed only a local swelling at the sting site. phospholipase a2-specific ige, igg and igg subclass serum antibodies were estimated in samples obtained before it and immediately before the c ... | 1989 | 2802114 |
| a study of phospholipase a2-induced oedema in rat paw. | the inflammaogenic action of four extracellular phospholipases a2 was tested in the rat paw oedema model. subplantar injection of microgram amounts of the venom phospholipases a2 from vipera russeli, naja mocambique mocambique and honey bee, or the porcine enzyme produced a rapid but transient oedematous response. the venom enzyme from vipera was the most potent in this respect, the pancreatic enzyme the least. pretreatment of the enzymes with para-bromophenacylbromide profoundly inhibited the a ... | 1989 | 2806373 |
| acute toxicity and anti acetylcholinesterase potential of some biphenyl derivatives to non target species. | five newly synthesised biphenyl derivatives were evaluated for their acute contact toxicity (lc50) against rice weevil and honey bee and anti acetylcholinesterase potential (i50) against honey bee, fish, pigeon and rat. amongst, o,o-dimethyl-o, p-nitro-biphenyl phosphate was most potent against rice weevil, whereas p-(4-nitrophenyl) phenyl-n-methyl carbamate against honey bee. based on i50 values the biphenyl derivatives of phosphoric acid esters were more potent anti acetylcholinesterase (ache) ... | 1989 | 2807406 |
| import of honeybee prepromelittin into the endoplasmic reticulum: structural basis for independence of srp and docking protein. | honeybee prepromelittin is correctly processed and imported by dog pancreas microsomes. insertion of prepromelittin into microsomal membranes, as assayed by signal sequence removal, does not depend on signal recognition particle (srp) and docking protein. we addressed the question as to how prepromelittin bypasses the srp/docking protein system. hybrid proteins between prepromelittin, or carboxy-terminally truncated derivatives, and the cytoplasmic protein dihydrofolate reductase from mouse were ... | 1987 | 2820722 |
| effect of melittin on transcription by vesiculovirus mutant and wild-type viruses. | the bee venom peptide melittin activated the virion transcriptase activity of three vesiculoviruses with preservation of virion structure. the kinetics of rna synthesis were similar to those observed with purified transcribing nucleoprotein (tnp) preparations. six temperature-sensitive host range (tdce) mutants of chandipura virus displayed 1.7- to 5.5-fold greater efficiencies of transcription at 39 degrees with melittin-permeabilized virions in comparison with tnp preparations. comparative stu ... | 1987 | 2822606 |
| the brain response to the bee venom peptide mcd. activation and desensitization of a hippocampal target. | the mast cell-degranulating peptide (mcd) isolated from bee venom has been found previously to have receptor sites in rat brain. behavioral and electrocorticographic responses following intracerebroventricular injections of various doses of mcd have been analyzed. mcd produced a quasi-permanent hippocampal theta rhythm in the motionless animal alternating with epileptiform spike waves and paroxystic seizures. at a dose of 70 pmol seizures occurred for half of the treated rats. at a dose of 100 p ... | 1987 | 2823962 |
| endovesiculation of human erythrocytes exposed to sphingomyelinase c: a possible explanation for the enzyme-resistant pool of sphingomyelin. | when human erythrocytes are treated with staphylococcus aureus sphingomyelinase c at 37 degrees c they become susceptible to cold lysis and appear to endovesiculate. endovesiculation has been confirmed by showing that in parallel with sphingomyelin breakdown, the cells accumulate [3h]inulin or [14c]sucrose (without losing intracellular k+) and also experience a loss of cell-surface acetylcholinesterase activity into a latent intracellular pool which can be revealed by treatment with detergent. o ... | 1988 | 2831979 |
| purification and characterization of a unique, potent inhibitor of apamin binding from leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus venom. | an inhibitor of apamin binding has been purified to homogeneity in three chromatographic steps from the venom of the scorpion, leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus. the inhibitor, which we have named leiurotoxin i, represents less than 0.02% of the venom protein. it is a 3.4-kda peptide with little structural homology to apamin although it has some homology to other scorpion toxins such as charybdotoxin, noxiustoxin, and neurotoxin p2. leiurotoxin i completely inhibits 125i-apamin binding to rat bra ... | 1988 | 2839478 |
| the aggregation state of spin-labeled melittin in solution and bound to phospholipid membranes: evidence that membrane-bound melittin is monomeric. | spin-labeled derivatives of the bee venom protein, melittin, were obtained by reacting on the average one of the four amino groups of the protein with succinimidyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-pyrroline-1-oxyl-3-carboxylate. all 16 statistically possible reaction products with 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 spin labels per protein were then separated in a single pass with reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. with the help of trypsin digestion and diode array detection it was possible to assign the p ... | 1988 | 2843850 |
| comparison of p25 presequence peptide and melittin. red blood cell haemolysis and band 3 aggregation. | the 25 residue presequence (p25) for subunit iv of yeast cytochrome oxidase had previously been shown to possess structural and behavioural characteristics in common with the bee venom polypeptide, melittin. the present study extends the results of leakage experiments on model-membrane systems to the haemolysis of human erythrocytes, which both peptides are shown to accomplish in a manner sensitive to membrane potential. in addition, the laser flash-induced transient dichroism technique for meas ... | 1988 | 2844157 |
| activation of insect cell adenylate cyclase by bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins and melittin. toxicity is independent of cyclic amp. | insecticidal bacillus thuringiensis (bt) delta-endotoxins are cytolytic to a range of insect cell lines in vitro. addition of bt var. aizawai or var. israelensis toxins to mamestra brassicae (cabbage moth) cells in vitro increased intracellular cyclic amp, which was paralleled by activation of adenylate cyclase in isolated membranes. var. kurstaki toxin, which does not lyse m. brassicae cells, had no effect on cyclic amp concentrations in intact cells, but was able to stimulate adenylate cyclase ... | 1988 | 2844167 |
| spin-label assay for phospholipase a2. | a rapid and continuous method for measuring phospholipase a2 activity using electron spin resonance spectroscopy and a spin-labeled phospholipid as a substrate has been developed. the substrate, 1-palmitoyl-2-(4-doxylpentanoyl)glycerophosphocholine, gives rise principally to a broad esr line in aqueous solution due to strong spin-spin interactions, probably resulting from its micellar formation. upon addition of bee venom phospholipase a2, the water-soluble product, 4-doxylpentanoic acid, is rel ... | 1988 | 2847584 |
| acetylcholinesterase from apis mellifera head. evidence for amphiphilic and hydrophilic forms characterized by triton x-114 phase separation. | the polymorphism of bee acetylcholinesterase was studied by sucrose-gradient-sedimentation analysis and non-denaturing electrophoretic analysis of fresh extracts. lubrol-containing extracts exhibited only one form, which sedimented at 5 s when analysed on high-salt lubrol-containing gradients and 6 s when analysed on low-salt lubrol-containing gradients. the 5 s/6 s form aggregated upon removal of the detergent when sedimented on detergent-free gradients and was recovered in the detergent phase ... | 2010 | 2849414 |
| dynorphin-a (1-8) is contained within perikarya, nerve fibres and nerve terminals of rat duodenum. | by the use of well-characterized antibodies against porcine dynorphin-a(1-8), an endogenous opioid peptide, and the use of a modified immunofluorescence microscopic technique, dynorphin-a(1-8) stained perikarya, nerve fibres, and nerve terminals were visualized in the rat duodenum. dynorphin-a(1-8) immunoreactive perikarya were revealed with certainty only in the myenteric plexus, while dynorphinergic nerve fibres could bee seen in the myenteric plexus and circular muscle layer, but not in the l ... | 1985 | 2858210 |
| distribution of calmodulin in insects as determined by radioimmunoassay. | the distribution of calmodulin in 11 separate tissues of the cockroach leucophaea maderae was determined by radioimmunoassay. the highest levels of this protein were found in malpighian tubules, visceral muscle and the central nervous system. distribution of calmodulin was also determined for the following insect species: apis mellifera, canthon imitator, heliothis zea (larvae) and periplaneta americana. abdominal tissues contained the highest levels of the calcium binding protein, while lesser ... | 1985 | 2861002 |
| neuromuscular blocking agents inhibit receptor-mediated increases in the potassium permeability of intestinal smooth muscle. | the neuromuscular blocking agents tubocurarine, atracurium and pancuronium have been tested for their ability to inhibit receptor-mediated increases in the k+ permeability of intestinal smooth muscle. all three agents, as well as the bee venom peptide apamin, reduced both the resting efflux of 86rb and the increase in efflux caused by the application of either bradykinin (1 microm) or an alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist, amidephrine (20 microm), to depolarized strips of guinea-pig taenia caeci. this ... | 1985 | 2866804 |
| melittin-induced changes in na and cl movements across the skin and cornea (in vitro) of the toad bufo marinus. | melittin, from bee venom, increases short-circuit current (isc) across the skin and cornea of toads. in skin this reflects a rise in the influx of na and is inhibited by meclofenamic acid (inhibits prostaglandin synthetase). in corneas with melittin on the inside the rise in isc is inhibited by bumetanide (inhibits cl transport) and meclofenamic acid. melittin on the tear side of the cornea causes a biphasic change in isc, and a rise in all undirectional fluxes of na and cl. this effect was not ... | 1985 | 2866902 |
| [comparative biochemical effects of the injection of cyclic and linear forms of vertebrate somatostatin on the honeybee in vivo. ii. blood lipids]. | the linear and cyclic forms of vertebrate somatostatin were injected to worker honeybees at the rate of 50 ng per individual, and their effects on the lipemia were compared between themselves and with those of saline injection over a 3 hrs period. both hormonal forms elicit a global decrease of the levels of phospholipids, steroids, fatty acids, diacyl and triacyl glycerol, by contrast with hyperlipemic effects induced by the injection of saline alone. the kinetics of variations show a remarkabl ... | 2008 | 2870785 |
| properties of rabbit erythrocytes treated with phospholipase a2 from bee venom. | in isotonic saline-buffered conditions, phospholipase a2 from bee venom cleaves up to 65% of the phosphatidylcholine of the rabbit rbc membrane without causing significant hemolysis; however, the volume and the osmotic fragility of the treated rbc is modified. the osmotic behaviour of pla-treated rbc after reincubation in autologous plasma suggests an heterogeneity in the enzymatic attack among the rbc population. in vivo rbc survival is strongly impaired by pla treatment. | 1986 | 2870863 |
| pharmacology of putative glutamate receptors from insect skeletal muscles, insect central nervous system and rat brain. | binding of [3h]glutamate to housefly brain and honeybee brain and thoracic muscle membranes as well as to the american cockroach nerve cord was measured in na+-free tris-citrate buffer, 2.5 mm cacl2, ph 7.4. the dissociation constants (kds) ranged from 0.16 to 1.36 microm, and thoracic muscles had 2-4-fold higher density of receptors than brain tissue. the potent inhibitors of housefly brain binding were in decreasing order of effectiveness: l-glutamate greater than l-aspartate = l-cysteate = ib ... | 1987 | 2885148 |
| long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission in the hippocampus induced by a bee venom peptide. | several neurotoxins have been isolated from bee venom. one of these, the mast cell degranulating peptide (mcd), releases histamine from mast cells and on central administration produces arousal at low concentrations and convulsions at higher doses. these effects are mediated through specific high-affinity binding sites which are concentrated in cortical structures, notably the hippocampus. this structure appears to be the source of changes in the electrocorticogram that follow injections of mcd ... | 1987 | 2885754 |
| brain coated vesicle destabilization and phosphorylation of coat proteins. | two basic polypeptides, bee venom melittin and poly-l-lysine, induced concentration-dependent destabilization of bovine brain coated vesicles. ultrastructurally the changes observed were aggregation of clathrin coats and segregation of the vesicle membrane, concomitant with the appearance of elongated cisternae of various sizes. changes in coated vesicle morphology induced by melittin and poly-l-lysine were concurrent with stimulation of phosphate incorporation in proteins of the coat lattice: m ... | 1988 | 2891786 |
| profound reversible myocardial depression after anaphylaxis. | profound myocardial depression developed in 2 patients after severe anaphylactic reactions following the induction of anaesthesia in 1 case and a bee-sting in the other. neither patient had pre-existent cardiac disease. in both patients haemodynamic assessment, radionuclide ventriculography, and two-dimensional echocardiography confirmed the clinical impression of profound systolic myocardial dysfunction. haemodynamic stability was attained by intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation, which was pro ... | 1988 | 2893192 |
| sympathetic innervation of the rectum and bladder of the skate and parallel effects of atp and adrenalin. | 1. longitudinal muscles of the rectum of the skate are first briefly excited and then inhibited by stimulation of the sympathetic nerve fibres. 2. atp, adrenalin and noradrenalin also produce inhibition. 3. 5ht is strongly excitatory but acetylcholine is only excitatory above 1 microm. 4. the rectum contracts strongly to mechanical stimulation; the response is not blocked by ttx. 5. the inhibitory actions of sympathetic stimulation or atp were not blocked by guanethidine, propranalol, antazoline ... | 1988 | 2894266 |
| polymorphisms in mitochondrial dna of european and africanized honeybees (apis mellifera). | this study demonstrates polymorphisms in both the length and in the restriction enzyme cleavage sites of honeybee mitochondrial dna (mtdna). the levels of variation are typical of those found in other metazoan species. these polymorphisms are potentially useful for the identification of africanized bees in the western hemisphere and for study of honeybee phylogenetics. | 1988 | 2895016 |
| glutamate-like immunoreactivity in identified neuronal populations of insect nervous systems. | glutamate is considered to be the most likely transmitter candidate at excitatory synapses onto skeletal muscles of insects. we investigated the distribution of glutamate-like immunoreactivity (glu-li) in identified motor neurons of glutaraldehyde-fixed metathoracic ganglia of the locust in paraffin serial sections. the presumably glutamatergic fast and slow extensor tibiae motor neurons show glu-li, whereas other cells, including the gabaergic common inhibitory motor neurons and the cluster of ... | 1988 | 2898517 |
| [interaction of propranolol and somatostatin with the octopaminergic response of honeybee lipemia in vivo]. | the injection of dl-octopamine to emerging adult honey bees (1 nanomol per individual) promptly rises the haemolymph levels of steroids, diacyl and triacylglycerols (over 100% increase occurring after 10 min). free fatty acids are then increased (by 131%) 45 mn after injections. these responses are completely abolished by 2.5 nanomol propranolol and 0.07 nanomol cyclic somatostatin. octopamine thus seems to be more strongly involved in the lipemia than in the glycemia regulation, by contrast wit ... | 1988 | 2902912 |
| cytochemical demonstration of increased phospholipid content in cell membranes in chlorphentermine-induced phospholipidosis. | we recently introduced a novel cytochemical approach to high-resolution cytochemistry of phospholipids in biological tissues. the technique consists of adsorption of bee venom phospholipase a2 to colloidal gold particles (pla2-gold complex) and subsequent application of this complex for localization of the enzyme substrate, i.e., glycerophospholipids. in the present study, this technique was applied at the post-embedding level, in both light (lm) and transmission electron microscopy (tem), to in ... | 1989 | 2911004 |
| interactions between discrete neuronal membrane binding sites for the putative k+-channel ligands beta-bungarotoxin, dendrotoxin and mast-cell-degranulating peptide. | 1. beta-bungarotoxin, a presynaptically active neurotoxin from the venom of bungarus multicinctus, was radiolabelled with 125i and its binding to synaptic membranes from rat brain was analyzed. the interaction of these binding sites with those for dendrotoxin (a convulsant polypeptide from mamba venom) and mast-cell-degranulating peptide (from bee venom) was examined in the light of the known effects of all three toxins on voltage-dependent k+ currents. 2. when measured in krebs/phosphate buffer ... | 1989 | 2912733 |
| lethality of 'killer' bee stings. | 1989 | 2915687 | |
| sensory pathways and motoneurons of the proboscis reflex in the suboesophageal ganglion of the honey bee. | a morphological description is given for the motoneurons underlying the proboscis extension reflex in the honey bee (apis mellifera). sensory neurons from the mandibles and labium were examined and their projection areas were related to those of the motoneurons. motoneurons are located in the ventral part of the suboesophageal ganglion, have their somata in the hemiganglion ipsilateral to the filled nerve, and send prominent branches through identified ventral commissures into the contralateral ... | 1989 | 2918084 |
| dopamine-like immunoreactivity in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of the honeybee. | the distribution of dopamine in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of the honeybee apis mellifera was investigated by means of immunocytochemistry with a well-characterized antiserum against dopamine. the binding of the antiserum in paraffin serial sections was studied with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. dopamine-like immunoreactive neurons are present in most parts of the brain and in the suboesophageal ganglion. only the optic lobes are devoid of label. there are ca. 330 dopamine imm ... | 1989 | 2918095 |
| k+ channels openers prevent epilepsy induced by the bee venom peptide mcd. | 1989 | 2920778 | |
| production of human antibodies to bee venom phospholipase a2 in vitro. | phospholipase a2 (pla) is the major antigen of bee venom. whereas individuals frequently stung by bees, such as bee keepers, show high levels of igg4 anti-pla antibodies in serum, most patients sensitive to bee venom possess increased ige anti-pla. we have established a culture system by which anti-pla antibodies can be induced in vitro. peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated in a first step with pla and/or pokeweed mitogen (pwm). after 3 days of culture the cells were washed and fur ... | 1989 | 2922572 |
| inbreeding, coancestry, and covariance between relatives for x-chromosomal loci. | knowledge about the relationships between relatives for x-chromosomal loci is necessary to compute genetic variances and covariances for the genetic evaluation of individuals for economically important traits in livestock and poultry. using a unified approach, we derived explicitly the coefficient of inbreeding for individuals and the coefficient of coancestry between collateral and lineal relatives of the same or different sex, assuming that the male is heterogametic and the female is homogamet ... | 2008 | 2926116 |
| calmodulin and troponin c: a comparative study of the interaction of mastoparan and troponin i inhibitory peptide [104-115]. | recent studies using bee and wasp venom peptides have led to the hypothesis that proper complex formation with calmodulin (cam) requires the presence of a basic amphiphilic helix on the surface of the target protein [cox, j. a. (1984) fed. proc., fed. am. soc. exp. biol. 43, 3000]. we have tested this hypothesis by examining cam and troponin c (tnc) complex formation with two basic peptides, the wasp venom tetradecapeptide mastoparan and the physiologically relevant synthetic troponin i (tni) in ... | 1986 | 2941074 |
| antagonistic effects of hexose 1,6-bisphosphates and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate on the activity of 6-phosphofructokinase purified from honey-bee flight muscle. | 6-phosphofructokinase purified from honey-bee flight muscle is inhibited by atp and, unusually, by glucose 1,6-bisphosphate and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. the inhibition by either of the bisphosphates is not relieved by amp, but is relieved by fructose 6-phosphate and especially by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. lack of effect by amp is consistent with a low activity of adenylate kinase in this muscle. | 1986 | 2947573 |
| expression of fc epsilon receptors on activated human t lymphocytes. | our results clearly demonstrate that the low-affinity receptor for ige (fc epsilon r) is an activation antigen transiently expressed on a subpopulation of human t lymphocytes. it can be selectively induced by stimulation with certain antigens or lectins, but it is not found on resting t cells. the increased numbers of activated fc epsilon r+ t cells observed after stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from bee venom allergic patients with the specific allergen phospholipase a2 ... | 1987 | 2954825 |
| [propolis-induced contact allergy]. | six patients with contact dermatitis to propolis are reported (3 women, 3 men; mean age 57 years). all three men had eczema on their hands and had acquired their sensitization in the course of bee keeping. the women had been sensitized by propolis contained in ointments of various kinds. upon patch testing all six patients reacted to propolis and four also to peruvian balsam. while ten flavonoids were test-negative, a cinnamic acid ester (1.1-dimethylallyl-3',4'-dihydroxy cinnamic acid ester) is ... | 1988 | 2967807 |
| [reparative regeneration of rat liver after treatment with bee venom]. | after 70% of the rat liver volume has been resected, certain stimulating effect of a single administration of bee venom (1 mg/kg) on hepatocyte proliferation is revealed. in 4 hours the amount of binuclear hepatocytes increases, and in 22-24 hours increases their mitotic activity. the effect of bee venom is explained as activation of the adenilate cyclase system by means of prostaglandins and adrenal hormones. | 1985 | 2983643 |
| mode of inhibitory action of melittin on na+-k+-atpase activity of the rat synaptic membrane. | the effects of melittin from bee venom, cardiotoxin from formosan cobra venom, and ouabain on na+-k+-atpase activity of the synaptic membrane isolated from rat cerebral cortex were studied. melittin was the most potent in inhibiting na+-k+-atpase activity. mg2+-atpase was less susceptible than na+-k+-atpase to the inhibitory action of toxins. high k+ (30 mm) reversed the inhibitory action of melittin on na+-k+-atpase but did not affect that of cardiotoxin. a comparison between the effects of oua ... | 1985 | 2990482 |
| complete amino acid sequence of cytochrome c from the honeybee, apis mellifera, and evolutionary relationship of the honeybee to other insects on the basis of the amino acid sequence. | the complete amino acid sequence of cytochrome c purified from the honeybee, apis mellifera was determined. only one molecular species of cytochrome c was found in the honeybee throughout its metamorphic stages. on the basis of a comparison of the amino acid sequence of honeybee cytochrome c with those of cytochromes c from other insects, it seems that the bee has evolutionarily appeared earlier than would be expected from the morphological and fossil evidence. if the classical phylogenetic rela ... | 1985 | 2991212 |
| inhibition of [3h]nitrendipine binding by phospholipase a2. | phospholipase a2 from several sources inhibited [3h]nitrendipine binding to membranes from brain, heart and ileal longitudinal muscle. the enzymes from bee venom and russell's viper venom were most potent, having ic50 values of approximately 5 and 14 ng/ml, respectively, in all three membrane preparations. inhibition of binding by bee venom phospholipase a2 was time- and dose-dependent. mastoparan, a known facilitator of phospholipase a2 enzymatic activity, shifted the bee venom phospholipase a2 ... | 1985 | 2995742 |
| further investigation on the antiinflammatory properties of adolapin--bee venom polypeptide. | adolapin is a basic polypeptide (m. w. 11500) isolated from bee venom. it showed marked antiinflammatory and analgetic properties and inhibited cyclooxygenase. it was found that adolapin inhibited also the activity of bee venom phospholipase a2 (7 nmole/ml producing about 80% inhibition of 2.5 nmole/ml phospholipase). in addition it inhibited the lipoxygenase from human platelets (4.5 nmole/ml inhibited about 80% of the activity of 0.8 mg protein/ml). adolapin (20 micrograms/kg) caused an elevat ... | 1985 | 2996298 |
| anorexia and weight loss: indicators of cachexia in small cell lung cancer. | a study was conducted to determine the incidence and extent to which anorexia, a decrease in spontaneous food intake, contributes to the occurrence of cancer cachexia. data for ten male subjects with small cell carcinoma of the lung are reported for a five-month period following diagnosis. although body weights of the subjects at the time of diagnosis averaged less than 95% of the usual weight (weight 6 months prior to diagnosis), they were greater than 109% of the mean ideal weight. at five mon ... | 1985 | 2999721 |
| [effect of phospholipases a2 from bee and cobra venom on the phospholipid composition and na+-,k+-atpase activity of synaptosomes]. | the bee and cobra venom phospholipases a2 as well as partially acetylated cobra venom phospholipase a2 are studied for their effect on phospholipid composition of synaptosomes and their mg2+- and na+,k+-atpase activity. it is established that these phospholipases induce the splitting of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine, inhibition of the na+,k+-atpase activity and activation of mg2+-atpase. bee venom phospholipase a2 is more effective than cobra venom phosphol ... | 1985 | 3000036 |
| bee venom and arthritis: magic, myth or medicine? | 1986 | 3010202 | |
| bee venom melittin blocks neutrophil o2- production. | bee venom (bv) is used in folk medicine to treat arthritis. it has antiinflammatory effects in animal models of rheumatic disease. we have studied the effects of bv on human neutrophil production of superoxide (o2-) and hydrogen peroxide, finding potent, nontoxic, dose-dependent production inhibition. melittin, the major fraction of bv (50-70%) shows high-affinity calmodulin binding (kd 3 nm). drugs which bind calmodulin, such as trifluoperazine, inhibit o2- production by human neutrophils. for ... | 1986 | 3011670 |
| bee venom and arthritis. | 1986 | 3014144 | |
| mitogen-stimulated release of inositol phosphates in human fibroblasts. | mitogenic stimulation of quiescent human fibroblasts (hswp) with a growth factor mixture (consisting of epidermal growth factor (egf), insulin, bradykinin, and vasopressin) rapidly induces an increase in na influx via a ca-mediated activation of an amiloride-sensitive na/h exchanger. inositol phosphates (specifically inositol-1',4',5'-phosphate) have been implicated in mediating the mobilization of intracellular ca stores in other cell types and we have now completed a detailed analysis of the m ... | 1987 | 3028268 |
| receptor-mediated endocytosis of apamin by liver cells. | the binding and uptake of the bee venom toxin apamin, by guinea-pig and rat liver were studied. guinea-pig liver plasma membranes contain inhibitable, high-affinity binding sites for [125i]monoiodoapamin: kd = 12.6 +/- 0.8 pm (se); bmax = 4.2 +/- 0.2 fmol/mg protein. no binding sites for [125i]monoiodoapamin on rat liver plasma membranes were detected in agreement with the absence of a physiological response to the toxin by rat hepatocytes. [125i]monoiodoapamin, injected into the portal vein of ... | 1987 | 3028799 |
| isolation and partial characterization of insulin of the honeybee (apis mellifica). | in the honeybee (apis mellifica), insulin-like material was partially purified with acid ethanol extractions by a classic method for recovering insulin and following gel filtration on a sephadex g-50 column. the preparations were characterized by their ability to cross-react with porcine insulin antibodies. insulin-like biological activity was demonstrated using the insulin bioassay. stimulation of glucose oxidation or lipogenesis was measured by isolated rat adipocytes. insulin seems to be more ... | 1988 | 3049290 |
| [the honeybee (apis mellifera) as an indicator of lead and cadmium levels in two locations]. | 1988 | 3053102 | |
| [apamin--a highly specific and effective blockader of calcium-dependent potassium conductance]. | apamin is a toxic polypeptide extracted from bee venom. it has been considered as a neurotoxin with central action, but its low concentrations (10(-8)-10(-7) m) were shown to reversibly block the nonadrenergic inhibition and effects of externally applied atp, noradrenaline and caffeine in smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract. all these processes are related to the activation of ca-dependent potassium permeability. current-clamp, voltage-clamp and patch-clamp experiments have also shown t ... | 1988 | 3074268 |
| [clinical trial with a preparation based on propolis "propolisina" in human giardiasis]. | the results of a clinic assay with an extract made out of propolis (bee glue) or "propolisina" were showed with the aim of showing its effectivity against giardiasis. one hundred and thirty eight patients were studied 48 children and 90 adults, in 2 groups and they selected aleatorily to be treated with "propolosina" or an imidazole derivate (tinidazole). the method for an exact diagnosis in children was duodenal aspiration and in adults duodenal mucosa frotis by means of duodenoscopy. similar s ... | 1988 | 3077894 |
| effects of melittin on a model renal epithelium, the toad urinary bladder. | the bee venom melittin, 10(-6) m, on the mucosal (urinary) side of the toad urinary bladder (in vitro), markedly decreased transepithelial potential difference, short-circuit current (isc, sodium-dependent) and resistance. however, these effects were not seen when the toxin was placed on the opposite (serosal) side of the membrane preparation. the electrical effects were accompanied by a large increase in the transepithelial permeability to 22na. the response was not changed by meclofenamic acid ... | 1986 | 3080022 |
| va cooperative study on alcoholic hepatitis. ii: prognostic significance of protein-calorie malnutrition. | three hundred and fifty-two patients with alcoholic hepatitis were evaluated for protein-calorie malnutrition (pcm). in order to facilitate data analysis of nutritional status, a pcm score was calculated for each patient using eight nutritional parameters. the pcm score correlated significantly with mortality, clinical severity of the liver disease, and biochemical liver dysfunction. when 30 day changes in the pcm scores were compared with 30 day caloric intake (expressed as percent basal energy ... | 1986 | 3080866 |
| [developmental stages of the mite varroa jacobsoni oudemans, 1904 (acari: dermanyssidae)]. | the mite varroa jacobsoni oudemans, 1904, is a dangerous parasite of bees which has spread over europe and other continents in recent two decades. the rapid spreading of the parasite has become a serious problem to veterinarians and bee-keepers in many countries of the world. the development of the mite varroa jacobsoni has not yet been studied in all details. a detailed taxonomic description of the developmental stages of female and male mite is presented. the female develops from egg into larv ... | 1986 | 3083566 |
| biochemical characterization of the phospholipase a2 purified from the venom of the mexican beaded lizard (heloderma horridum horridum wiegmann). | a phospholipase a2 was isolated from the venom of the mexican beaded lizard (heloderma horridum horridum) by phenyl-sepharose chromatography followed by sephadex g-75 gel filtration and two additional steps on ion exchange resins (de-32 cellulose). the affinity chromatographic method (pc-sepharose 4b) reported for the isolation of other phospholipases [rock, ch. o., & snyder, f. (1975) j. biol. chem. 250, 2564-2566; king, t. p., alagon, a. c., kwan, j., sobotka, a. k., & lichteinstein, l. m. (19 ... | 1986 | 3087412 |
| immune response gene control of the murine antibody response to the phospholipase a2 of honey bee venom. | 1986 | 3087870 | |
| stimulation of arachidonic acid release and eicosanoid biosynthesis in an interleukin 2-dependent t cell line. | previous studies have provided pharmacologic evidence that t lymphocyte function may be regulated in part by the intracellular production of various arachidonic acid (aa) metabolites in response to cellular stimulation. however, the specific aa metabolic capabilities of homogeneous t cell populations have not been clearly defined. in the present studies, we have employed an accessory cell-free t cell line, ht-2, as a model system for the examination of stimulus-induced eicosanoid biosynthesis in ... | 2011 | 3088127 |
| lability to acid hydrolysis in some different dna-protein complexes of spermatozoa. | the feulgen hydrolysis kinetics was investigated in spermatozoa with different composition in dna-protein complexes. the species used were: bos taurus (arginine rich nuclear protein also containing cystine residues), pichroplus bergi, triatoma infestans (arginine-rich nuclear protein), lytechinus variegatus and apis mellifera (lysine-rich nuclear protein). the spermatozoa were subjected to feulgen's reaction, after varying the fixative type and the hydrolysis times. feulgen-dna values were obtai ... | 1986 | 3088898 |
| bactericidal activity of the membrane fraction isolated from phagocytes of mice and its stimulation by melittin. | the membrane fraction prepared from mouse peritoneal exudate cells was incubated with mycobacteria, staphylococci, or e. coli in acetate buffer of ph 5.6 to follow the fate of viable bacilli. the membrane fraction exhibited bactericidal effect on mycobacteria and staphylococci, but not on e. coli. the activity to kill mycobacteria, as well as the endogenous phospholipase a2 activity, of the membrane fraction was markedly enhanced by melittin, a basic peptide from bee venom, and inhibited by indo ... | 1986 | 3090322 |
| lack of specificity of melittin as a probe for insulin release mediated by endogenous phospholipase a2 or lipoxygenase. | the effects of the basic polypeptide melittin on islet phospholipid degradation and insulin release were studied in static incubations of intact rat islets as a possible model of endogenous phospholipase a2 (pla2) activation. melittin (2 micrograms/ml) increased [3h]-arachidonic acid [( 3h]-aa) release from prelabeled islets (at 1.7 mm glucose) to 371% of basal values. concomitantly, melittin induced degradation of islet phospholipids labeled with [3h]-aa or [14c]-stearic acid, and led to the ac ... | 1986 | 3094540 |
| calculation versus measurement of total energy expenditure. | in acutely ill patients both hypo- and hyperalimentation must be avoided by adjusting caloric intake to total energy expenditure (tee). we determined the discrepancy between basal energy expenditure (bee) calculated from the basic harris-benedict formula and tee measured by continuous indirect calorimetry in a heterogeneous group of mechanically ventilated surgical patients. we also compared the accuracy of tee calculated from the corrected harris-benedict formula or estimated by intermittent in ... | 1986 | 3095026 |
| nutritional support team vs nonteam management of enteral nutritional support in a veterans administration medical center teaching hospital. | one hundred one patients receiving enteral nutritional support (ens) by tube feeding during a 5-month period were prospectively studied. fifty patients were managed by a nutritional support team (t) and 51 patients were managed by the nonteam approach (nt). demographics, primary diagnosis, chronic diseases, medical service, calculated basal energy expenditure (bee), duration of ens, and final patient disposition were recorded. enteral formula, formula modifications, results of laboratory tests a ... | 1986 | 3099009 |
| the effect of burn wound size on resting energy expenditure. | numerous formulas have been used to estimate the calorie requirements of hypermetabolic burned patients. with the recent development of instrumentation for indirect calorimetric measurements, questions have been raised concerning the validity and accuracy of the early equations. because metabolic rate decreases during the course of wound healing, we attempted to determine the magnitude of hypermetabolism and the accuracy of the curreri formula in patients with various wound sizes. twenty-eight p ... | 1987 | 3102752 |
| enteral nutritional support management in a university teaching hospital: team vs nonteam. | current hospital cost containment pressures have prompted a critical evaluation of whether nutritional support teams render more clinically effective and efficient patient care than nonteam management. to address this question with regard to enteral feeding, 102 consecutive hospitalized patients who required enteral nutritional support (ens) by tube feeding during a 3 1/2-month period were prospectively studied. fifty patients were managed by a nutritional support team; the other 52 were managed ... | 2017 | 3102783 |
| differential effects of manoalide on secreted and intracellular phospholipases. | manoalide, a novel nonsteroidal sesterterpenoid, is a potent inhibitor of phospholipase a2 isolated from bee and cobra venoms. this report compares the inhibition by manoalide of phospholipase a2 in crude cytosol fractions from four mammalian tissues with that of four purified extracellular phospholipase a2's. phospholipase a2 isolated from bee venom (apis mellifera) was the most sensitive to inactivation by manoalide (ic50 approximately equal to 0.12 microm). extracellular phospholipase a2 from ... | 1987 | 3103628 |
| signal response transduction in rabbit neutrophil leucocytes. the effects of exogenous phospholipase a2 suggest two pathways exist. | rabbit neutrophils stimulated by chemotactic peptide (fmlp) or phorbol ester (pma) respond with a metabolic burst which can be assayed by following luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. depending upon the agonist used, exogenous bee-venom phospholipase a2 (pla2) will enhance or inhibit the response. neutrophil activation by fmlp is enhanced by pla2 or by the addition of arachidonic acid, but unaffected by lysophosphatide. the cellular response to pma is markedly inhibited by pla2 or by lysophospha ... | 1987 | 3109432 |
| purification and properties of a very high density lipoprotein from the hemolymph of the honeybee apis mellifera. | a larval-specific very high density lipoprotein (vhdl) has been isolated from the hemolymph of the honeybee apis mellifera. vhdl was isolated by a combination of density gradient ultracentrifugation and gel filtration. the purified protein is a dimer of mr 160,000 apoproteins as shown by chemical cross-linking with dimethyl suberimidate. n-terminal sequence analysis indicates that the two polypeptide chains are identical. the holoprotein contains 10% lipid by weight and 2.6% covalently bound car ... | 1987 | 3109474 |
| inactivation of bee venom phospholipase a2 by manoalide. a model based on the reactivity of manoalide with amino acids and peptide sequences. | the marine natural product manoalide (mld), a potent irreversible inhibitor of bee venom phospholipase a2 (pla2), was shown to produce a chromophore (lambda max = 437 nm) during incubation with the enzyme. mld also developed an identical chromophore when incubated with free lysine (lys), cysteine (cys) or tryptophan (trp) but not with their n-alpha-amino-blocked analogs. these results suggest that the chromophore product was dependent on the presence of two nucleophilic groups which react by an ... | 1987 | 3111475 |
| organization and structure of trna genes in spiroplasma melliferum. | to investigate the organization of trna genes in the honeybee pathogen, spiroplasma melliferum (previously referred to as spiroplasma sp. bc3), total labeled trna from s. melliferum was used as a hybridization probe to an ecori digest of the genomic dna. the results show two, or possibly three, strongly hybridizing bands. comparing the pattern obtained to that of bacillus subtilis dna suggests either that the s. melliferum trna genes are more extensively clustered or, more likely, that the s. me ... | 1987 | 3117724 |
| effect of cholesterol enrichment on 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid metabolism by mouse peritoneal macrophages. | the metabolism of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-hete) was investigated in mouse peritoneal macrophages enriched in cholesterol by incubation with acetylated low density lipoproteins. after incubating with labeled arachidonic acid, cholesterol-rich cells released more 12-hete into the medium than unmodified macrophages. with time, however, 12-hete decreased in the medium of both cell preparations suggesting re-uptake of this monohydroxyfatty acid and perhaps further metabolism. when control ... | 1987 | 3119755 |
| molecular parameters involved in bee-plant relationships: a biological and chemical approach. | honeybee-plant relationships are based on a conditioning process in which olfactory (plant aroma) and gustatory cues (mainly nectars) are closely linked, leading to a selective foraging behaviour. among crops dependent upon entomophilous cross-pollination, the sunflower has recently undergone extensive expansion due to hybrid variety selection. sunflower hybrid seed production is strictly dependent upon pollinating insects, mainly the honeybees, but foragers may have preferences among the parent ... | 2016 | 3120800 |
| 1-palmitoyl-2-thiopalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, a highly specific chromogenic substrate of phospholipase a2. | 1-palmitoyl-2-thiopalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (2-thiopc), a structurally modified phospholipid analog is specifically hydrolyzed by phospholipase a2 to liberate 2-thiolysophosphatidylcholine and palmitic acid. the sulfhydryl group of the product is readily trapped by 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) allowing continuous spectrophotometric monitoring of the enzymatic reaction. the rates of hydrolysis by bee-venom phospholipase a2 have been determined in a series of triton x-100 containing mi ... | 1988 | 3124835 |
| brain but not retinal glial cells have carbonic anhydrase activity in the honeybee drone. | carbonic anhydrase (ca) activity was localized histochemically in the retina and brain of the honeybee drone. a positive reaction that could be inhibited with 10(-5) m acetazolamide was found only in brain glial cells such as those in the lamina and medulla of the optic lobes. in the retina, neither the photoreceptors nor the pigmented glial cells showed ca activity. hence, there is a marked difference between retinal and brain glial cells with respect to those functions thought to be performed ... | 2011 | 3129680 |
| inhibition of beta-bungarotoxin binding to brain membranes by mast cell degranulating peptide, toxin i, and ethylene glycol bis (beta-aminoethyl ether)-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid. | the presynaptically active snake venom neurotoxin beta-bungarotoxin (beta-butx) is known to affect neurotransmitter release by binding to a subtype of voltage-activated k+ channels. here we show that mast cell degranulating (mcd) peptide from bee venom inhibits the binding of 125i-labeled beta-butx to chick and rat brain membranes with apparent ki values of 180 nm and 1100 nm, respectively. the mechanism of inhibition by mcd peptide is noncompetitive, as is inhibition of 125i-beta-butx binding b ... | 1988 | 3130091 |
| [level of total serum igg4 using elisa]. | we report on an indirect competitive immunoenzymatic assay (elisa) for the determination of serum total igg4 levels. this procedure allows accurate and sensitive measurements. normal values vary according to age and sex, with mean normal levels of 22.3 +/- 14.6 mg/dl in adults. serum igg4 levels observed in atopic subjects are not significantly different from those in age and sex matched normal subjects. however, igg4 levels are significantly increased in hay fever and honey bee sensitization. m ... | 1986 | 3134904 |
| regulation of the immune response to allergens by immunosuppressive allergenic fragments. 1. peptic fragments of honey bee venom phospholipase a2. | nine patients with anaphylactic sensitivity to honey bee venom (hbv) were treated with p-1, a pepsin derived fragment of hbv phospholipase a2 (pla2). p-1 caused only rare reactions with doses of 100 micrograms/injection. treatment resulted in a substantial decrease in specific anti-pla2 ige and igg antibodies as well as a decline in skin test sensitivity to pla2. another group of hbv-sensitive patients was treated with unaltered pla2. doses greater than 20 micrograms/injection were not tolerated ... | 1988 | 3147947 |
| [epidemiological and clinical study on bee venom allergy among beekeepers]. | a randomized population of 222 beekeepers from lombardy (203 males, 19 females, of mean age 42.5 years) was studied to determine the frequency of allergic reactions to bee sting. the type of reactions, the clinical evolution at the subsequent stings and the risk factors concerning the development of allergy (presence of venom specific ige, number of stings in a year, atopy, age) were evaluated. it was found that 170 beekeepers never presented reactions to stings while 52 (23.4%) showed allergic ... | 1988 | 3154984 |
| [efficacy of combined biological therapy with bee products in localized palpebral and conjunctival eye lesions with reference to the clinico-functional changes]. | 2016 | 3159053 | |
| isolation of nuclei from melittin-destabilized cells. | melittin, the hydrophobic polypeptide from bee venom, sufficiently destabilizes the plasma membrane of cultured cells to allow cell disruption in the absence of detergents with minimal homogenization. nuclei are thus isolated in high yield with intact nuclear membranes and high transcriptional activity. | 1988 | 3164171 |
| phospholipid asymmetry in renal brush-border membranes. | the topological distribution of phospholipids between the inside and the outside of rabbit kidney brush-border membranes has been investigated by incubating membrane vesicles with sphingomyelinase, phospholipases a2 from bee venom and hog pancreas, phospholipases c and d, and trinitrobenzene sulfonate. orientation and integrity of vesicles upon phospholipase treatment was determined by using two monoclonal antibodies recognizing an extracytoplasmic and a cytoplasmic domain, respectively, of the ... | 1988 | 3164218 |
| eruptive and tubero-eruptive xanthomas of the skin arising on sites of prior injury. two case reports. | eruptive and tubero-eruptive xanthomas arising at the site of previous minor skin injury are described in two patients with type iv and type iii hyperlipidemia, respectively. in one case, the lesions appeared following a cat scratch, while in the second, massive bee stinging preceded the appearance of a constellation of xanthomas. | 1988 | 3165471 |
| the hymenoptera venom study i, 1979-1982: demographics and history-sting data. | the hymenoptera venom study, a study based on case histories, skin test results and adverse reactions, immunotherapy and adverse reactions, and treatment efficacy, for 3236 hymenoptera-allergic subjects, was begun in 1979 after the food and drug administration approval of hymenoptera venoms. eighty-four fellows and members of the american academy of allergy and immunology participated in the study. all subjects had a history of an adverse reaction to one or more hymenoptera insects. the mean age ... | 1988 | 3170986 |
| developmental changes and regional distribution of phospholipase d and base exchange enzyme activities in rat brain. | phospholipase d (pl-d) activity per mg protein of whole homogenate increased 5.1 fold between embryonic (e) day 17 and postpartum (p) day 14 and slightly decreased by p 30 days. this was due to the decrease of pl-d activity of the p2 fraction. the pl-d activity of p2 and p3 fractions increased 11.2 and 6.1 fold respectively between e 17 and p 14. the 3 base exchange enzyme (bee) activities per mg protein of whole homogenate increased up to p 14 or p 21 and then decreased. this decrease was great ... | 1988 | 3173625 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine in the venom of the honey bee (apis mellifera l.): variation with season and with insect age. | we used liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection to show that 5-ht is present in the venom of worker honey bees (apis mellifera l.). immunohistochemical demonstration of 5-ht-like immunoreactivity within the venom reservoir supports this finding. measurements were made on bees of known age at various times during the summer season. the amount of 5-ht in the venom system varies with the age of the bee and with the time of year at which the bees reached a specific age. 5-ht is shown to ... | 1988 | 3176050 |
| inactivation of phospholipase a2 by manoalide. localization of the manoalide binding site on bee venom phospholipase a2. | the marine natural product manoalide (mld), a potent inhibitor of phospholipases, completely inactivates bee venom phospholipase a2 (pla2) by an irreversible mechanism. it has been proposed [k. b. glaser and r. s. jacobs, biochem. pharmac. 36, 2079 (1987)] that the reaction of mld with pla2 may involve the selective reactivity of mld to a peptide sequence, possibly a lys-x-x-lys peptide. localization of the mld binding site on bee venom pla2 demonstrated that upon mld modification of bee venom p ... | 1988 | 3178877 |
| exposure scheme separates effects of electric shock and electric field for honey bees, apis mellifera l. | mechanisms to explain disturbance of honey bee colonies under a 765-kv, 60-hz transmission line [electric (e) field = 7 kv/m] fall into two categories: direct bee perception of enhanced in-hive e fields, and perception of shock from induced currents. the same adverse biological effects previously observed in honey bee colonies exposed under a 765-kv transmission line can be reproduced by exposing worker bees to shock or e field within elongated hive entranceways (= tunnels). exposure to intense ... | 1988 | 3178902 |