Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID(sorted ascending)
Filter
genetic variation in puccinia graminis collected from oats, rye, and barberry.puccinia graminis, the causal agent of stem rust, was collected from its alternate host barberry (berberis spp.) and two different uredinial hosts, oats (avena sativa) and rye (secale cereale). the samples were analyzed using 11 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. there were large differences between fungal populations on oats (p. graminis f. sp. avenae) and rye (p. graminis f. sp. secalis), and the genetic variation within the different formae speciales was also high. it was possi ...201222734559
in vitro inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase activity of subfractions from ethanol extracts of fermented oats (avena sativa l.) and synergistic effect of three phenolic acids.the purpose of the present work is to study the pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects of different subfractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate (ea), n-butanol, and water) from ethanol extracts of nonfermented and fungi-fermented oats and to delineate the interactions of three primary phenolic acids in the ea subfractions. the ea subfraction showed the highest inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase activity at 1.5 mg/ml compared to the other subfractions, regardless of whether the oats were fermented. m ...201222765648
toxicity assessment for petroleum-contaminated soil using terrestrial invertebrates and plant bioassays.the assessment of soil quality after a chemical or oil spill and/or remediation effort may be measured by evaluating the toxicity of soil organisms. to enhance our understanding of the soil quality resulting from laboratory and oil field spill remediation, we assessed toxicity levels by using earthworms and springtails testing and plant growth experiments. total petroleum hydrocarbons (tph)-contaminated soil samples were collected from an oilfield in sfax, tunisia. two types of bioassays were pe ...201322773148
targeting sources of drought tolerance within an avena spp. collection through multivariate approaches.in this study, we find and characterize the sources of tolerance to drought amongst an oat (avena sativa l.) germplasm collection of 174 landraces and cultivars. we used multivariate analysis, non-supervised principal component analyses (pca) and supervised discriminant function analyses (dfa) to suggest the key mechanism/s responsible for coping with drought stress. following initial assessment of drought symptoms and area under the drought progress curve, a subset of 14 accessions were selecte ...201222824964
pathogen and host genotype differently affect pathogen fitness through their effects on different life-history stages.adaptation of pathogens to their hosts depends critically on factors affecting pathogen reproductive rate. while pathogen reproduction is the end result of an intricate interaction between host and pathogen, the relative contributions of host and pathogen genotype to variation in pathogen life history within the host are not well understood. untangling these contributions allows us to identify traits with sufficient genetic variation for selection to act and to identify mechanisms of coevolution ...201222857005
[a sudden rise in inr due to combination of tribulus terrestris, avena sativa, and panax ginseng (clavis panax)].warfarin sodium is an antithrombin agent used in patients with prosthetic valve and atrial fibrillation. however, there are many factors that can change the effectiveness of the drug. today, herbal mixtures promoted through targeted print and visual media can lead to sudden activity changes in patients using warfarin. in this case report we will present two cases with a sudden rise in inr due to using combination of tribulus terrestris, avena sativa and panax ginseng (panax clavis). two patients ...201222864323
[three case reports of the use of herbal combinations resulted in stent thrombosis: herbal combinations; friend or foe?].nowadays, herbal combinations are commonly used in turkey and around the world. in particular, an herbal combination including tribulus terrestris (tt), avena sativa (as), and panax ginseng (pg), which may be effective in treatment of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, is used by patients with coronary artery disease. in this paper, we will report three cases with coronary stents who were diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome while using this herbal combination of tt, as and pg together with anti- ...201222864325
genome-wide association study for oat (avena sativa l.) beta-glucan concentration using germplasm of worldwide origin.detection of quantitative trait loci (qtl) controlling complex traits followed by selection has become a common approach for selection in crop plants. the qtl are most often identified by linkage mapping using experimental f(2), backcross, advanced inbred, or doubled haploid families. an alternative approach for qtl detection are genome-wide association studies (gwas) that use pre-existing lines such as those found in breeding programs. we explored the implementation of gwas in oat (avena sativa ...201222865125
revised structures of avenacosides a and b and a new sulfated saponin from avena sativa l.the revised structures of avenacosides a and b and a new sulfated steroidal saponin isolated from grains of avena sativa l. were elucidated. their structures and complete nmr assignments are based on 1d and 2d nmr studies and identified as nuatigenin 3-o-{α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside}-26-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), nuatigenin 3-o-{α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside}-26-o-β-d-glucopyranoside ...201222972708
regulatory mechanism of the light-activable allosteric switch lov-tap for the control of dna binding: a computer simulation study.the spatio-temporal control of gene expression is fundamental to elucidate cell proliferation and deregulation phenomena in living systems. novel approaches based on light-sensitive multiprotein complexes have recently been devised, showing promising perspectives for the noninvasive and reversible modulation of the dna-transcriptional activity in vivo. this has lately been demonstrated in a striking way through the generation of the artificial protein construct light-oxygen-voltage (lov)-tryptop ...201323042418
molecular characterization of phospholipids by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with an evaporative light scattering detector, high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography combined with a flame ionization detector in different oat varieties.oat (avena sativa l.) is an important crop produced in various regions of europe and north america. oat lipids are a heterogeneous mixture of acyl lipids and unsaponifiable components. the neutral lipids are mainly triacylglycerols and account for 50-60% of total oat lipids. oat oil is also rich in polar lipids, that is, phospholipids and glycolipids. characterization of oat polar lipids has largely been performed by thin-layer chromatography (tlc), but the composition of phospholipid classes ha ...201223061991
effect of treated and untreated domestic wastewater on seed germination, seedling growth and amylase and lipase activities in avena sativa l.oats (avena sativa l.) are a potential economically viable source of lipids and starch for use in foods. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of treated and untreated urban wastewater on seed germination, growth parameters and lipase and amylase activities in a. sativa.201323070708
avena sativa (oat), a potential neutraceutical and therapeutic agent: an overview.the aim of the present review article is to summarize the available information related to the availability, production, chemical composition, pharmacological activity, and traditional uses of avena sativa to highlight its potential to contribute to human health. oats are now cultivated worldwide and form an important dietary staple for the people in number of countries. several varieties of oats are available. it is a rich source of protein, contains a number of important minerals, lipids, β-gl ...201323072529
molecular cloning of the apoptosis-related calcium-binding protein asalg-2 in avena sativa.victorin, the host-selective toxin produced by the fungus cochliobolus victoriae, induces programmed cell death (pcd) in victorin-sensitive oat lines with characteristic features of animal apoptosis, such as mitochondrial permeability transition, chromatin condensation, nuclear dna laddering and rrna/mrna degradation. in this study, we characterized a calcium-binding protein, namely asalg-2, which might have a role in the victorin-induced pcd. asalg-2 is homologous to the apoptosis-linked gene a ...201323083467
investigation of the roles of fascioliasis and food allergy in intrahepatic eosinophilic proliferative pylephlebitis in japanese black cattle.intrahepatic eosinophilic proliferative pylephlebitis (epp) in japanese black (jb) cattle generally has been considered to be an atypical form of fascioliasis. however, there are many cases of epp in which no fasciola spp. have been detected in the livers of affected cattle. the aims of this study were to ascertain the relationship between epp and hepatic fascioliasis and to investigate the role of food allergy in the disease. histologically, epp lesions were characterised by severe endothelial ...201323131780
identification of high β-glucan oat lines and localization and chemical characterization of their seed kernel β-glucans.oat, (avena sativa) is an excellent source of mixed linkage β-glucans ((1→3)(1→4)-β-d-glucan), a dietary fibre with cholesterol lowering properties. using a mutagenized oat-population we screened 1700 different lines and identified ten lines that displayed β-glucan levels above 6.7% and 10 below 3.6%.the extreme values were 1.8% and 7.5%. we chose six lines with an increased- and four lines with a reduced β-glucan content for further study. by longitudinal- and cross-sections of seeds it was sho ...201323199994
safety and efficacy of personal care products containing colloidal oatmeal.colloidal oatmeal is a natural ingredient used in the formulation of a range of personal care products for relief of skin dryness and itchiness. it is also used as an adjunctive product in atopic dermatitis. the safety of personal care products used on vulnerable skin is of particular importance and the risk of developing further skin irritations and/or allergies should be minimized.201223204849
histological analysis and 3d reconstruction of winter cereal crowns recovering from freezing: a unique response in oat (avena sativa l.).the crown is the below ground portion of the stem of a grass which contains meristematic cells that give rise to new shoots and roots following winter. to better understand mechanisms of survival from freezing, a histological analysis was performed on rye, wheat, barley and oat plants that had been frozen, thawed and allowed to resume growth under controlled conditions. extensive tissue disruption and abnormal cell structure was noticed in the center of the crown of all 4 species with relatively ...201323341944
effect of concentrate supplementation on feed consumption, nutrient utilization and blood metabolite profile in captive spotted deer (axis axis) fed oat (avena sativa) and berseem (trifolium alexandrinum) fodders based diet.this experiment was conducted to determine the optimum level of a maize-soybean meal-wheat bran concentrate supplement fed to captive spotted deer fed an oat and berseem fodder-based diet. twelve adult spotted deer [64-76 kg body weight (bw)] were distributed into three groups of four each and were housed individually. a diet consisting of 5 kg of oat fodder and 5.5 kg of berseem fodder was offered to each one of the experimental animals. the animal in group i received no supplementary concentra ...201323349033
effect of feeding piglets with different extruded and nonextruded cereals on the gut mucosa and microbiota during the first postweaning week.two trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of different cereals in piglet diets on the jejunal mucosa and the ileal and cecal microbiota during the first postweaning days. in trial 1, 48 newly weaned pigs (7.95 kg bw; 26 d of age) were individually housed and distributed among 3 experimental diets containing white rice (oryza sativa), naked oats (avena sativa), or barley (hordeum vulgare) as the cereal source. at the start of the trial (weaning; day 0), 12 piglets were slaughtered and samp ...201223365267
effect of feeding different cereal-based diets on the performance and gut health of weaned piglets with or without previous access to creep feed during lactation.a trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of different cereals on the performance, gut mucosa, and microbiota of weanling pigs with or without previous access to creep feed during lactation. a total of 108 newly weaned pigs (7.4 kg bw; 26 d of age; half with and half without creep feed) were used. piglets were distributed by bw into 36 pens according to a 2 × 6 factorial arrangement of treatments with previous access to creep feed (with or without) and cereal source in the experimental diet [ ...201223365275
lactose in diet influences the degradation of mixed linked β(1-3;1-4)-d-glucan in the small intestine of pigs.the objective was to study the cause of variation in digestibility of mixed linked β(1-3;1-4)-d-glucan (β-glucan) in the small intestine of growing pigs. the β-glucan is an important cell wall [dietary fiber (df)] component of the endosperm of barley (hordeum vulgare) and oats (avena sativa). the digestibility of β-glucan in the small intestine from both cereals is among the highest of all df components, but in 1 study with oat-based diets it was lower (p < 0.001) than in other studies. in this ...201223365304
phytase improves apparent total tract digestibility of phosphorus and calcium in piglets fed diets with adequate or reduced phosphorus content.the effect of a thermotolerant 6-phytase produced by trichoderma reesei on performance and apparent total tract digestibility (attd) of p and ca was evaluated in 192 weaned piglets (randomized block design; 16 replicates; 2 piglets each). diets based on wheat (triticum aestivum), barley (hordeum vulgare), oat (avena sativa), soybean (glycine max) meal, and whey protein with adequate [positive control (pc)] or reduced [negative control (nc)] ca and p levels were fed for 46 d after weaning. the pc ...201223365327
insoluble nonstarch polysaccharides in diets for weaned piglets.to examine the effect of inclusion insoluble nonstarch polysaccharides (insp) in weaned diets on postweaning piglet performance, intestinal activity, and microbial composition 2 experiments were designed. in exp. 1, 180 piglets were weaned at 28 d of age and divided over 3 treatments: positive control (pc; highly digestible protein), negative control (nc; standard cereal-based diet), and an experimental diet {insp; standard + 15% insp [wheat straw and oat (avena sativa) hull]}. diets were fed du ...201223365366
signaling mechanisms of lov domains: new insights from molecular dynamics studies.phototropins are one of several classes of photoreceptors used by plants and algae to respond to light. these proteins contain flavin-binding lov (light-oxygen-voltage) domains that form covalent cysteine-flavin adducts upon exposure to blue light, leading to the enhancement of phototropin kinase activity. several lines of evidence suggest that adduct formation in the phototropin lov2 domains leads to the dissociation of an alpha helix (jα) from these domains as part of the light-induced activat ...201323407663
biosorption and bioreduction of copper from different copper compounds in aqueous solution.high copper concentration is toxic for living organisms including humans. biosorption is a bioremediation technique that can remove copper and other pollutants from aqueous medium and soils, consequently cleaning the environment. the aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the influence of different copper compounds (cu(ii) as cucl2; cu(ii) as cuso4; and cu(i) as cucl) on copper bioreduction and biosorption using four copper-resistant bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of two plants ...201323417495
nutrient intake, digestibility, and blood metabolites of goats fed diets containing processed jatropha meal.this study was conducted to record the ideal source and level of alkali treatment to treat jatropha meal (jm) and to determine the effect of inclusion of variously processed jm (pjm) on nutrient intake, digestibility, blood metabolites and hormonal status in goats. the jm was treated with 10 g/kg sodium chloride and 5 g/kg calcium hydroxide. the content of phorbol ester and hemagglutination (ha) activity of jm and pjm were assessed. a feeding trial for 90 days was conducted in short-haired multi ...201323526123
snp discovery and chromosome anchoring provide the first physically-anchored hexaploid oat map and reveal synteny with model species.a physically anchored consensus map is foundational to modern genomics research; however, construction of such a map in oat (avena sativa l., 2n = 6x = 42) has been hindered by the size and complexity of the genome, the scarcity of robust molecular markers, and the lack of aneuploid stocks. resources developed in this study include a modified snp discovery method for complex genomes, a diverse set of oat snp markers, and a novel chromosome-deficient snp anchoring strategy. these resources were a ...201323533580
cover crop mulch and weed management influence arthropod communities in strip-tilled cabbage.cover crop mulch and weeds create habitat complexity in agricultural fields that may influence arthropods. under strip-tillage systems, planting rows are tilled and preestablished cover crops can remain between rows. in field experiments conducted in michigan in 2010 and 2011, a preestablished oat (avena sativa l.) cover crop was allowed to grow between rows of strip-tilled cabbage and killed at 0, 9-14, or 21-27 d after transplanting (dat). the effects of herbicide intensity and oat kill date o ...201323575020
copper speciation and isotopic fractionation in plants: uptake and translocation mechanisms.the fractionation of stable copper (cu) isotopes during uptake into plant roots and translocation to shoots can provide information on cu acquisition mechanisms. isotope fractionation ((65) cu/(63) cu) and intact tissue speciation techniques (x-ray absorption spectroscopy, xas) were used to examine the uptake, translocation and speciation of cu in strategy i (tomato-solanum lycopersicum) and strategy ii (oat-avena sativa) plant species. plants were grown in controlled solution cultures, under va ...201323600562
effect of maturity at harvest on yield, chemical composition, and in situ degradability for annual cereals used for swath grazing.the objective of this study was to determine how harvest maturity of whole-crop cereals commonly used in swath grazing systems in western canada affects yield, chemical composition, and in situ digestibility. we hypothesized that the increase in yield with advancing maturity would not offset the decline in digestibility and, thus, the yield of effectively degradable dm (eddm) would decline with advanced stages of maturity. four replicate plots of barley (hordeum vulgare l.; cv. cdc cowboy), mill ...201323658356
an optogenetic tool for the activation of endogenous diaphanous-related formins induces thickening of stress fibers without an increase in contractility.we have developed an optogenetic technique for the activation of diaphanous-related formins. our approach is based on fusion of the light-oxygen-voltage 2 domain of avena sativa phototrophin1 to an isolated diaphanous autoregulatory domain from mdia1. this "caged" diaphanous auto-regulatory domain was inactive in the dark but in the presence of blue light rapidly activated endogenous diaphanous-related formins. using an f-actin reporter, we observed filopodia and lamellipodia formation as well a ...201323677607
fusarium damage in cereal grains from western canada. 1. phylogenetic analysis of moniliformin-producing fusarium species and their natural occurrence in mycotoxin-contaminated wheat, oats, and rye.harvest samples of common wheat (triticum aestivum), oats (avena sativa), and rye (secale cereale) from producers in western canada were analyzed for fungal infection by toxigenic fusarium species and contamination by trichothecenes and moniliformin (mon). fusarium graminearum and f. avenaceum were the two most frequently isolated species from samples of rye and wheat collected in 2010. f. poae and f. sporotrichioides were more commonly detected in randomly selected oat seeds. other toxigenic fu ...201323683177
sustained accurate recording of intracellular acidification in living tissues with a photo-controllable bioluminescent protein.regulation of an intracellular acidic environment plays a pivotal role in biological processes and functions. however, spatiotemporal analysis of the acidification in complex tissues of living subjects persists as an important challenge. we developed a photo-inactivatable bioluminescent indicator, based on a combination of luciferase-fragment complementation and a photoreaction of a light, oxygen, and voltage domain from avena sativa phototropin1 (lov2), to visualize temporally dynamic acidifica ...201323690604
[acute massive pulmonary embolism in a patient using clavis panax].in recent years, the use of herbal combinations, plant extracts or food supplements has increased in our country and all over the world. however, there is not enough data to determine the effective doses of these substances in the composition of herbal preparations, or their effects on metabolism and drug interactions. with the widespread use of herbal combinations, life-threatening side effects and clinical manifestations that arise from them have been reported. herein we present a case with ac ...201323760126
adaptation to acidic soil is achieved by increased numbers of cis-acting elements regulating almt1 expression in holcus lanatus.yorkshire fog (holcus lanatus), which belongs to the poaceae family and is a close relative of the agronomic crop oat (avena sativa), is a widely adaptable grass species that is able to grow on highly acidic soils with high levels of al, but the mechanism underlying the high al tolerance is unknown. here, we characterized two accessions of h. lanatus collected from an acid plot (soil ph 3.6, hl-a) and a neutral plot (ph 7.1, hl-n) in terms of al tolerance, organic acid anion secretion and relate ...201323773148
phytotoxicity of secondary metabolites isolated from flourensia oolepis s.f.blake.the aim of this study was to isolate the active principles of flourensia oolepis s.f.blake (asteraceae), which completely inhibited the germination of raphanus sativus seeds at 10 mg/ml. flavanone pinocembrin and sesquiterpene ilicol, were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation. they were active both against monocot and dicot seeds. pinocembrin was the most active compound, with an ic50 (germination) value of 0.24, 3.40, 3.28, and 3.55 mm against panicum miliaceum, avena sativa, lactuca sativ ...201323847074
assessment of tri- and hexavalent chromium phytotoxicity on oats (avena sativa l.) biomass and content of nitrogen compounds.the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of soil contamination with tri- and hexavalent chromium and soil application of compost, zeolite, and cao on the mass of oats and content of nitrogen compounds in different organs of oats. the oats mass and content of nitrogen compounds in the crop depended on the type and dose of chromium and alleviating substances incorporated to soil. in the series without neutralizing substances, cr(vi), unlike cr(iii), had a negative effect on the growth ...201323853394
phytotoxicity of new furan-derived aminophosphonic acids, n-aryl furaldimines and 5-nitrofuraldimine.the aim of this work was to synthesize selected furaldimines and their aminophosphonic derivatives and evaluation the phytotoxicity of new obtained products according to oecd 208 guideline. four schiff bases, n-furfurylidene-p-anisidine (1a), n-furfurylidene-p-toluidine (1b), n-furfurylidene-benzhydrylamine (1c), and n-(2-nitrofurfurylidene)-p-toluidine (1d) were synthesized and three new furan-derived n-substituted aminomethylphosphonic acids, namely: 2-furyl n-(p-methoxyphenyl)-aminomethylphos ...201323869973
rapid analysis of avenacosides in grain and husks of oats by uplc-tq-ms.avenacosides a (aa) and b (ab) as well as 26-desglucoavenacoside a (26daa) were quantified in oats using rapid and sensitive method utilising uplc-tq-ms. in the grain, aa and ab were revealed as the primary saponins, whereas in the husks, daa was predominant. inconsistent with the published data, observed concentrations of aa and ab in the grain were very similar. presumably, this is due to higher sensitivity and better selectivity of the mass spectrometry-based quantification method, thus allow ...201323870961
linkage mapping and identification of qtl affecting deoxynivalenol (don) content (fusarium resistance) in oats (avena sativa l.).mycotoxins caused by fusarium spp. is a major concern on food and feed safety in oats, although fusarium head blight (fhb) is often less apparent than in other small grain cereals. breeding resistant cultivars is an economic and environment-friendly way to reduce toxin content, either by the identification of resistance qtl or phenotypic evaluation. both are little explored in oats. a recombinant-inbred line population, hurdal × z595-7 (hz595, with 184 lines), was used for qtl mapping and was ph ...201323959525
effect of sewage water on mineral nutritive potential of six fodder species grown under semiarid conditions.investigation was performed to assess the effect of different sewage water treatments on the metal status of different fodder species consumed by ruminants under semi-arid conditions. five samples each of six fodder species viz., trifolium alexandrinum, cichorium intybus, avena sativa, medicago polymorpha, brassica campestris and medicago sativa were collected from three fields irrigated with canal water, mix water (canal water and sewage water) and sewage water, respectively. fodder samples wer ...201123961142
investigating models of protein function and allostery with a widespread mutational analysis of a light-activated protein.to investigate the relationship between a protein's sequence and its biophysical properties, we studied the effects of more than 100 mutations in avena sativa light-oxygen-voltage domain 2, a model protein of the per-arnt-sim family. the a. sativa light-oxygen-voltage domain 2 undergoes a photocycle with a conformational change involving the unfolding of the terminal helices. whereas selection studies typically search for winners in a large population and fail to characterize many sites, we char ...201323972854
ecotoxicity of climbazole, a fungicide contained in antidandruff shampoo.emerging pollutants such as personal care products can reach the environment via effluents from wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) and digested sludge. only recently, the antidandruff agent and antimycotic climbazole was detected for the first time in a wwtp effluent with concentrations up to 0.5 µg/l. climbazole acts as a c14-demethylase inhibitor (dmi) fungicide and thus has a high efficacy against fungi, but knowledge of its potential environmental impact is lacking. therefore, the aim of th ...201323982925
differential speed of activation in antioxidant system in three oat genotypes.the objective of this study was to evaluate whether the oxidative stress caused by aluminum (al) toxicity is a symptom that can trigger root growth inhibition in oat genotype seedlings. oat seedlings were grown in a nutrient solution (ph 4.0) with 0 and 370 μm al. at 12, 24, and 36 h after al addition, growth (root length) and biochemical parameters (catalase - cat, ascorbate peroxidase - apx, and superoxide dismutase - sod activities, lipid peroxidation, ascorbic acid (asa) and non-protein thio ...201323998202
yield of four agaricus bisporus strains in three compost formulations and chemical composition analyses of the mushrooms.three compost formulations, consisting of two varieties of cynodom dactylon (l.) pers. (coast-cross and tyfton) and oat (avena sativa) straw were tested for the cultivation of a. bisporus strains abi-01/01, abi-04/02, abi-05/03, and abi-06/04. a completely randomized experimental design in a factorial scheme was adopted, with 12 treatments (4 a. bisporus strains × 3 types of compost) and 8 replicates. each experimental unit corresponded to one box containing 12 - 12.5 kg fresh wet compost. the d ...200824031271
cytological and molecular characterization of oat x maize partial hybrids.in cereals, interspecific and intergeneric hybridizations (wide crosses) which yield karyotypically stable hybrid plants have been used as starting points to widen the genetic base of a crop and to construct stocks for genetic analysis. also, uniparental genome elimination in karyotypically unstable hybrids has been utilized for cereal haploid production. we have crossed hexaploid oat (2n=6x=42, avena sativa l.) and maize (2n=2x=20, zea mays l.) and recovered 90 progenies through embryo rescue. ...199624162209
genetic transformation of major cereal crops.of the more than 50,000 edible plant species in the world, at least 10,000 species are cereal grains. three major cereal crops, rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), and wheat (triticum sp.), provide two-thirds of the world's food energy intake. although crop yields have improved tremendously thanks to technological advances in the past 50 years, population increases and climate changes continue to threaten the sustainability of current crop productions. whereas conventional and marker-assisted ...201324166432
primary photochemistry of the dark- and light-adapted states of the ytva protein from bacillus subtilis.the primary (100 fs to 10 ns) and secondary (10 ns to 100 μs) photodynamics in the type ii light-oxygen-voltage (lov) domain from the blue light ytva photoreceptor extracted from bacillus subtilis were explored with transient absorption spectroscopy. the photodynamics of full-length ytva were characterized after femtosecond 400 nm excitation of both the dark-adapted d447 state and the light-adapted s390 state. the s390 state relaxes on a 43 min time scale at room temperature back into d447, whic ...201324171435
evidence for an electrogenic ion transport pump in cells of higher plants.cyanide (cn) and dinitrophenol (dnp) rapidly depolarize the cells of oat coleoptiles (avena sativa l., cultivar victory) and of pea epicotyls (pisum sativum l., cultivar alaska); the effect is reversible. this indicates that electrogenesis is metabolic in origin, and, since active transport is blocked in the presence of cn and dnp, perhaps caused by interference with atp synthesis, that development of cell potential may be associated with active ion transport. additional evidence for an electrog ...197024174194
distribution of phytochrome and chlorophyll-a/b-binding-protein mrnas in etiolated avena seedlings.in 4-d-old dark-grown oat (avena sativa l.) seedlings, the majority of the type-i-phytochrome (phya) mrna was found within 10 mm of the tip of the coleoptile sheath and in the mesocotyl node; almost none was detected in the enclosed primary leaf. in contrast, chlorophyll-a/b-binding-protein (cab) mrnas were found almost exclusively in the enclosed primary leaf and were barely detectable in total-rna samples from the coleoptile sheath or mesocotyl node of red-light-treated etiolated seedlings. se ...199224178148
intracellular redistribution of phytochrome in etiolated soybean (glycine max l.) seedlings.the intracellular distribution of phytochrome in hypocotyl hooks of etiolated soybean (glycine max l.) has been examined by immunofluorescence using a newly produced monoclonal antibody (soy-1) directed to phytochrome purified from etiolated soybean shoots. cortical cells in the hook region exhibit the strongest phytochrome-associated fluorescence, which is diffusely distributed throughout the cytosol in unirradiated, etiolated seedlings. a redistribution of immunocytochemically detectable hytoc ...199224178207
proton efflux from oat coleoptile cells and exchange with wall calcium after iaa or fusicoccin treatment.elongation growth of plant cells occurs by stretching of cell walls under turgor pressure when intermolecular bonds in the walls are temporarily loosened. the acid-growth theory predicts that wall loosening is the result of wall acidification because treatments (including iaa and fusicoccin) that cause lowered wall ph cause elongation. however, conclusive evidence that iaa primarily reduces wall ph has been lacking. calcium has been reported to stiffen the cell walls. we have used a microelectro ...199324178494
temporal and light regulation of the expression of three phytochromes in germinating seeds and young seedlings of avena sativa l.an oat (avena sativa l.) plant contains at least three phytochromes, which have monomeric masses of 125, 124, and 123 kilodaltons (kda) (wang et al., 1991, planta 184, 96-104). the 124-kda phytochrome is most abundant in dark-grown seedlings, while the other two phytochromes predominate in light-grown seedlings. using three monoclonal antibodies, each specific to one of the three phytochromes, we have monitored by immunoblot assay the expression of these three phytochromes in the 5 d following o ...199324178495
spatial distribution of three phytochromes in dark- and light-grown avena sativa l.we have addressed two issues regarding the spatial distribution of three phytochromes in 3-d-old oat (avena sativa l.) seedlings. three monoclonal antibodies, go-4, go-7 and oat-22, were used as probes. each antibody detects only one of the phytochromes. the first issue is whether any of the phytochromes might be membrane-bound. to address this issue the abundance of each phytochrome in extracts prepared with either a detergent-free or a detergent-containing buffer was compared by immunoblot ass ...199324178496
oat leaf base: tissue with an efficient regeneration capacity.an efficient short term regeneration system using seedling derived oat (avena sativa) leaf tissue has been developed. callus derived from the leaf base showed a higher response of plant regeneration than callus initiated from mesocotyls and more mature parts of the leaves. a correlation between the nuclear dna content of the donor material, as analysed with flow cytometry, and its ability to form callus was observed. somatic embryogenesis was histologically recognised from callus derived from ti ...199524185332
efficient callus formation and plant regeneration from leaves of oats (avena sativa l.).an efficient plant regeneration system from leaf-derived callus in 6 genotypes of avena sativa l. has been established. regenerable callus was induced in the basal 1-2 mm region of 2 to 5 day old seedlings. plants were regenerated from the regenerable callus and grown to maturity. the frequency of regenerable callus formation and plant regeneration was correlated with the position, developmental stage and genotype of the expiant. the regeneration capacity of the first one mm of the leaf basal re ...199524185340
ecogeographical distribution and differential adaptedness of multilocus allelic associations in spanish avena sativa l.we determined the nine-locus isozyme genotype of 267 landrace accessions of avena sativa from 31 provinces of spain. our results establish that level of genetic variability is usually high both within and among accessions of this heavily self-fertilizing hexaploid grass and that multilocus genetic structure differs in various ecogeographical regions of spain. we concluded that selection favoring different multilocus genotypes in different environments was the main integrating force that shaped t ...199424185882
photoresponses of transgenic tobacco plants expressing an oat phytochrome gene.the physiological responses of transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) plants that express high levels of an introduced oat (avena sativa l.) phytochrome (phya) gene to various light treatments are compared with those of wild-type (wt) plants. seeds, etiolated seedlings, and light-grown plants from a homozygous transgenic tobacco line (9a4) constructed by keller et al. (embo j, 8, 1005-1012, 1989) were treated with red (r), far-red (fr), or white light (wl) with or without supplemental fr ligh ...199124186338
the ph profile for acid-induced elongation of coleoptile and epicotyl sections is consistent with the acid-growth theory.the acid-growth theory predicts that a solution with a ph identical to that of the apoplast of auxintreated tissues (4.5-5.0) should induce elongation at a rate comparable to that of auxin. different ph profiles for elongation have been obtained, however, depending on the type of pretreatment between harvest of the sections and the start of the ph-incubations. to determine the acid sensitivity under in vivo conditions, oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptile, maize (zea mays l.) coleoptile and pea (pis ...199124186576
the outer epidermis of avena and maize coleoptiles is not a unique target for auxin in elongation growth.a controversy exists as to whether or not the outer epidermis in coleoptiles is a unique target for auxin in elongation growth. the following evidence indicates that the outer epidermis is not the only auxin-responsive cell layer in either avena sativa l. or zea mays l. coleoptiles. coleoptile sections from which the epidermis has been removed by peeling elongate in response to auxin. the magnitude of the response is similar to that of intact sections provided the incubation solution contains bo ...199124186577
physiological biosafety assessment of genetically modified canola on weed (avena sativa).the present study was carried out for the assessment of physiological biosafety and effects of genetically modified (gm) canola on avena sativa, which is a common weed plant of south asia. methanolic extracts of gm and non-gm canola were assessed on seed germination and growth of a. sativa under sterilized conditions. the extracts were treated with 3%, 5%, and 10% concentrations of methanol. results showed that the extract of gm canola increases the number of roots and root fresh weight. however ...201624193044
isozyme variation in germplasm accessions of the wild oat avena sterilis l.optimal exploitation of crop genetic resources requires a knowledge of the range and structure of the variation present in the gene pool of interest. avena sterilis l., the cultivated oat progenitor, contains a store of genetic diversity that is readily accessible to the oat breeder. the objectives of the present paper were: (1) to evaluate isozyme polymorphisms in a sample of a. sterilis accessions from the u.s. national small grains collection, (2) to analyze the distribution of isozyme divers ...199324193383
mapping of beta-tubulin genomic sequences in hexaploid oat (arena sativa l.).the allohexaploid nature of avena sativa l. (2n=6x=42) and the availability of aneuploid lines was exploited in designing a strategy for mapping beta-tubulin sequences in the oat genome. evidence for a minimum of eight beta-tubulin genes was obtained by southern-blot analysis. three betatubulin sequences were localized to chromosomes using dna from monosomic and nullisomic lines in the variety sun ii. one sequence was localized to the chromosome missing in nullisome i. two other sequences were m ...199324193393
diurnal periodicity of chalcone-synthase activity during the development of oat primary leaves.chalcone-synthase (chs) activity was followed during the development of primary leaves of oat (avena sativa l.) seedlings grown under different illumination conditions. continuous darkness and continuous light resulted in similar time courses of enzyme activity. the maximum of chs activity in etiolated leaves was delayed by 1 d and reached about half the level of that of light-grown leaves. in seedlings grown under defined light-dark cycles a diurnal rhythm of chs activity and its protein level ...199124193751
large-scale partial purification of phytochrome from green leaves of avena sativa l.phytochrome from 10 or 11-d-old oat (avena sativa l. cv. garry) leaves, which were harvested just prior to sunset from plants grown in a greenhouse in the absence of supplemental illumination, was purified an estimated 250-fold by sequential poly(ethylenimine) and ammonium-sulfate fractionations, followed by linear-gradient hydroxyapatite chromatography. compared to earlier protocols, the one presented here is substantially more rapid, provides improved yield and purity, can be used with larger ...199124193933
monoclonal antibodies directed to phytochrome from green leaves of avena sativa l. cross-react weakly or not at all with the phytochrome that is most abundant in etiolated shoots of the same species.seven monoclonal antibodies (mabs) have been prepared to phytochrome from green oat (avena sativa l. cv. garry) leaves. one of these mabs (go-1) cross-reacts with apoprotein of the phytochrome that is most abundant in etiolated oat shoots as assessed by immunoblot assay of fusion proteins expressed in escherichia coli. the epitope for this mab is located between amino acids 618 and 686 in the primary sequence of type 3 phytochrome (hershey et al. 1985, nucleic acids res. 13, 8543-8559), which is ...199124193934
avena sativa l. contains three phytochromes, only one of which is abundant in etiolated tissue.phytochrome from leaves of light-grown oat (avena sativa l. cv. garry) plants is characterized with newly generated monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed to it. the results indicate that there are at least two phytochromes in green oat leaves, each of which differs from the phytochrome that is most abundant in etiolated oat tissue. when analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) with reference to 124-kilodalton (kda) phytochrome from etiolated oats, the two ...199124193935
functional xylem anatomy in root-shoot junctions of six cereal species.in cereals, the formation of safety zones in the root-shoot junction could protect the vessels of roots from embolism originating in the shoot. the root-shoot junction was examined both anatomically, with a light microscope, and experimentally, using a pressurized-air method, in the base of seminal and adventitious roots of maize (zea mays l. cv. seneca 60-ii), a corngrass mutation of maize (cg mutant), sorghum (sorghum bicolor l. cv. ho-pak), winter oats (avena sativa l. cv. ogle), spring wheat ...199124193938
use of paromomycin as a selective agent for oat transformation.friable, embryogenic oat (avena sativa l.) tissue cultures were stably transformed with two different plasmids containing the e. coli tn5 neomycin phosphotransferase ii gene (npt ii). selection was accomplished using the antibiotic paromomycin sulfate following microprojectile bombardment. from two independent experiments, 88 paromomycin-resistant tissue cultures were shown to be transgenic based on southern blot analysis and detection of the neomycin phosphotransferase (npt ii) protein using el ...199524194311
optimized utilization of the co-products from bioethanol processing and oat grain: effect of blending on biochemical, biodegradation, and nutritional profiles.the objective of this study was to (1) optimize the utilization of wheat-based dried distillers grains with soluble (wddgs) by blending with oat ( avena sativa l.) grain as an alternative feed for beef cattle when the barley price is high and (2) investigate the effect of blending on biochemical, biodegradation, and nutritional profiles. oat grains were blended with wddgs produced in western canada at different levels (4:0, 3:1, 2:2, and 1:3 on %dm basis in two batches, denoted o0, o25, o50, and ...201324195597
pectin esterification is spatially regulated both within cell walls and between developing tissues of root apices.monoclonal antibodies recognizing un-esterified (jim5) and methyl-esterified (jim7) epitopes of pectin have been used to locate these epitopes by indirect immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy in the root apex of carrot (daucus carota l.). both antibodies labelled the walls of cells in all tissues of the developing root apex. immunogold labelling observed at the level of the electron microscope indicated differential location of the pectin epitopes within the cell walls. the un-e ...199024196931
β-glucuronidase gene expression and mrna stability in oat protoplasts.protoplasts derived from oat (avena sativa l.) suspension culture cells (7 days after subculturing) were electroporated with plasmid dna containing the escherichia coli uida gene encoding the ß-glucuronidase reporter enzyme. consistently high enzyme activity was observed with electroporation conditions of 500 μf and 1125 volts/cm. enzyme activity and mrna accumulation time courses were determined. the maximum enzyme activity was detected at 24 hours after electroporation, while the maximum mrna ...199324197350
evolutionary and tissue-specific control of expression of multiple acyl-carrier protein isoforms in plants and bacteria.we have examined the occurrence of multiple acyl-carrier protein (acp), isoforms in evolutionarily diverse species of higher and lower plants. isoforms were resolved by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page), and were detected by western blotting or fluorography of [(3)h]-palmitate-labelled acps. multiple isoforms of acp were found in leaf tissue of the monocotyledons avena sativa and hordeum vulgare and dicotyledons arabidopsis thaliana, cuphea wrightii, and brassica napus. lower vasc ...199024202013
intracellular localisation of phytochrome in oat coleoptiles by electron microscopy : dependence on light pretreatments and the amount of the active, far-red-absorbing form.the intracellular localisation of phytochrome in oat (avena sativa l. cv. garry oat) coleoptiles was analysed by electron microscopy. serial ultrathin sections of resin-embedded material were indirectly immunolabeled with polyclonal antibodies against phytochrome together with a gold-coupled second antibody. the limits of detectability of sequestered areas of phytochrome (saps) were analysed as a function of light pretreatments and amounts of the far-red absorbing form of phytochrome (pfr) estab ...199024202016
phytochrome - all regions marked by a set of monoclonal antibodies reflect conformational changes.monoclonal antibodies to defined locations on six regions of the phytochrome molecule (from avena sativa l. or zea mays l.) were each found to have a different affinity toward the farred-absorbing form of phytochrome (pfr) and the red-absorbing form (pr). the differences were small, but were consistently shown by antibodies which bind to the vicinity of the aminoterminus, the carboxylterminus and to sequences in between. it seems that the conformational differences between pr and pfr extend over ...198924212493
gas exchange of ears of cereals in response to carbon dioxide and light : i. relative contributions of parts of the ears of wheat, oat, and barley to the gas exchange of the whole organ.one cultivar each of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. arkas), oat (avena sativa l. cv. lorenz), and barley (hordeum vulgare l. cv. aramir) was chosen in order to study the relative contributions of individual bracts to the gas exchange of whole ears. the distribution and frequency of the stomata on the bracts were examined. gas exchange was measured at normal atmospheric co2 (330 μbar) and at high co2 (2000 μbar) on intact ears and on ears from which glumes or lemmas and pleae (wheat and o ...198924212553
phytochrome structure: peptide fragments from the amino-terminal domain involved in protein-chromophore interactions.we have undertaken a study of the structure of the amino-terminal domain of the phytochrome polypeptide purified from avena sativa l. amino-acid sequencing was used to indentify arginine 52 as the precise location of a conformation-specific cleavage of phytochrome by subtilisin. the location of the epitopes for a class of monoclonal antibodies designated type 2 has been shown to be located between approx. 10 and 20 kilodaltons (kda) from the amino terminus. these two new spatial markers, in addi ...198924212743
gas-exchange of ears of cereals in response to carbon dioxide and light : ii. occurrence of a c3-c 4 intermediate type of photosynthesis.data for the maximum carboxylation velocity of ribulose-1,5-biosphosphate carboxylase, vm, and the maximum rate of whole-chain electron transport, jm, were calculated according to a photosynthesis model from the co2 response and the light response of co2 uptake measured on ears of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. arkas), oat (avena sativa l. cv. lorenz), and barley (hordeum vulgare l. cv. aramir). the ratio jm/vm is lower in glumes of oat and awns of barley than it is in the bracts of wheat and i ...198924212745
characterization of a protein-kinase activity associated with phytochrome from etiolated oat (avena sativa l.) seedlings.a protein-kinase activity which is co-purified with phytochrome from etiolated oat seedlings was investigated in some detail. whereas phytochrome was always phosphorylated in solution (together with some contaminating protein bands), radioactive phosphate was not found in the phytochrome band after native gel electrophoresis and incubation of the entire gel with labeled atp. since protein kinases are usually autophosphorylated under these conditions, the result shows that the kinase activity doe ...198924212749
immunolocalization of avenin and globulin storage proteins in developing endosperm of avena sativa l.the seed storage proteins of oats (avena sativa l.) are synthesized and assembled into vacuolar protein bodies in developing endosperm tissue. we used double-label immunolocalization to study the distribution of these proteins within protein bodies of the starchy endosperm. when sections of developing oat endosperm sampled 8 d after anthesis were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, the vacuolar protein bodies consisted of light-staining regions which were usually surrounded by a darker ...198924212898
revision of the theory of phototropism in plants: a new interpretation of a classical experiment.went's classical experiment on the diffusion of auxin activity from unilaterally illuminated oat coleoptile tips (went 1928), was repeated as precisely as possible. in agreement with went's data with theavena curvature assay, the agar blocks from the illuminated side of oat (avena sativa l. cv. victory) coleoptile tips had, on an average, 38% of the auxin activity of those from the shaded side. however, determination of the absolute amounts of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) in the agar blocks, using ...198924213051
phototropic fluence-response relations for avena coleoptiles on a clinostat.phototropism of avena sativa l. has been characterized using a clinostat to negate the gravitropic response. the kinetics for development of curvature was measured following induction by a single pulse of blue light (bl), five pulses of bl at 20-min intervals, and this same pulsed-light regime following a 2-h red light (rl) pre-irradiation. a final curvature of about 14° is expressed within 180 min following the single pulse; a final curvature of about 62° in about 240 min following five pulses ...198824220772
antigenic relationships between petunia peroxidase a and specific peroxidase isoenzymes in other solanaceae.a highly specific rabbit antiserum raised against peroxidase (prxa) from petunia (petunia hybrida) was used to investigate the antigenic relatedness of peroxidases in the solanaceae. after sds-page of crude leaf extracts from a large number of species of this family, immunoblotting revealed that cross-reacting protein bands were present in all species tested. in order to determine whether these protein bands represent peroxidases, the peroxidase isoenzymes in thorn apple (datura stramonium l.), ...199024220819
prediction of f3 row performance from f2 individual plant data in oats.parameters estimated from a gardner-eberhart analysis of the f2 generation of a six-parent diallel in oats (avena sativa l.) were used to compare methods for predicting the performance of f3 row plots. the prediction methods were: (1) individual f2 plant performance (f2i), (2) parent average plus f2 plot deviations (pf2), (3) parent average plus weighted f2 plot deviations (pf2p), (4) best linear unbiased prediction (blup) of parent average plus f2 plot deviations (bpf2), and (5) blup plus weigh ...199124221162
callus formation and plant regeneration from somatic embryos of oat (avena sativa l.).globular-stage somatic embryos were isolated by vortexing friable, embryogenic callus of oat (avena sativa l.) followed by fractionation based on size. somatic embryos were most frequently found in the 300-380 μm size fraction. friable, embryogenic callus was reinitiated from 55% of isolated somatic embryos. fertile plants were regenerated from 22% of isolated somatic embryos. reinitiation of callus from somatic embryos and growth of friable, embryogenic callus was inhibited by the selective age ...199124221588
subcellular compartmentation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in oat mesophyll cells.evacuolated mesophyll protoplasts from oat (avena sativa l.) were fractionated by a membrane-filtration technique. this method of rapid quenching of metabolic reactions permitted estimation of the in-vivo pools of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (fru2,6bisp) in the cytosol, chloroplasts and mitochondria. vacuolar fru2,6bisp was calculated as the difference between control protoplasts and evacuolated ones. the results indicate that fru2,6bisp is exclusively cytosol-located in oat mesophyll protoplasts. ...198824221713
photoprotection of phytochrome.high-fluence-rate white light is shown to retard the degradation of phytochrome in etiolated seedlings of four different species: amaranthus caudatus, phaseolus radiatus (mung bean), pisum sativum (garden pea), and avena sativa (oat). in amaranthus, a high photon fluence rate (approx. 1000 μmol · m(-2) · s(-1)) preserved nearly 50% of the total phytochrome over a period of 5 h; at 3 μmol · m(-2) · s(-1), less than 8% remained over the same period. kinetics of the loss of total phytochrome could ...198824221928
immunocytological and chemical studies on the stromacentre-forming protein from avena plastids.the stromacentre (sc), a particular structure in the plastids of avena, was isolated from etioplasts of avena sativa by density gradient centrifugation and then analyzed and compared with ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (rubpcase) from a. sativa, with pyrenoids of chlorella vulgaris and with the "stromacentre" of opuntia. purified sc-elements consisted of protein subunits with a relative molecular weight of 63 kda, different from the isolated rubpcase of a. sativa as shown by sod ...198724225705
some characteristics of anion transport at the tonoplast of oat roots, determined from the effects of anions on pyrophosphatedependent proton transport.the effects of anions on inorganicpyrophosphate-dependent h(+)-transport in isolated tonoplast vesicles from oat (avena sativa l.) roots were determined. both fluorescent and radioactive probes were used to measure formation of ph gradients and membrane potential in the vesicles. pyrophosphate hydrolysis by the h(+)-translocating pyrophosphatase was unaffected by anions. nonetheless, some anions (cl(-), br(-) and no3-) stimulated h(+)-transport while others (malate, [formula: see text] and imino ...198724225792
do some plant responses to cytokinins involve the cyanide-resistant respiratory pathway?a disengagement of the cyanide-resistant, alternative respiratory pathway in soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) callus tissue was observed prior to the start of deoxyisoflavone production stimulated by addition of the cytokinin benzyladenine. to test whether this loss of alternativepathway activity was part of the response to cytokinin, inhibitors of the alternative pathway were assayed for their ability to elicit cytokinin-like responses. salicylhydroxamic acid (sham) was found to produce a deoxy ...198724225916
the levels of two distinct species of phytochrome are regulated differently during germination in avena sativa l.the abundance and molecular mass of phytochrome in germinating embryos of a. sativa (oat) grown in light or darkness have been monitored using immunoblot and spectrophotometric assays. immunoblot analysis shows that imbibed but quiescent embryos have two immunochemically distinct species of phytochrome with monomeric molecular masses of 124 and 118 kda (kdalton). the 118-kda species has the properties of the 118-kda phytochrome extracted from fully green oat tissue (j.g. tokuhisa, s.m. daniels, ...198724225921
a monoclonal antibody specific for the red-absorbing form of phytochrome.characterisation of a new monoclonal antibody (mab), designated las 41, directed against 124-kilodalton (kda) etiolated-oat (avena sativa l.) phytochrome, indicates that it recognises an epitope unique to the red-light-absorbing form, pr. in a solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), las 41 exhibits a seven- to eight-fold higher affinity for pr than for the far-red-light-absorbing form of phytochrome, pfr. in addition, in immunoprecipitation assays las 41 effectively precipitates 1 ...198724226075
rapid elicitation of second messengers by nanomolar doses of triacontanol and octacosanol.triacontanol (tria) increases the dry weight and alters the metabolism of rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings within 10 min of application to either the shoots or roots. this activity is prevented if octacosanol (octa, c28 primary alcohol) is applied with the tria on the roots or shoots. triacontanol activity is also stopped if the octa is applied at least 1 min before the tria on the opposite part of the seedling.triacontanol rapidly elicits a second messenger that moves rapidly throughout the pla ...198824226183
phosphorylation of the plasma-membrane h(+)-atpase of oat roots by a calcium-stimulated protein kinase.when plasma-membrane vesicles isolated from oat (avena sativa l.) root cells were incubated with [γ-(32)p]atp, the h(+)-atpase was found to be phosphorylated at serine and threonine residues. phosphotyrosine was not detected. endogenous atpase kinase activity was also observed in plasma-membrane vesicles isolated from potato (solanum tuberosum l.) root cells as well as from yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). identity of the phosphorylated oat root mr=100 000 polypeptide as the atpase was confirme ...198824226688
in vitro selection for 2,4-d tolerance in red clover.in vitro, selection is a viable method of selecting herbicide-tolerant crops. this research was to evaluate in vitro selection techniques for enhancing 2,4-d [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid] tolerance in red clover (trifolium pratense l.). in vivo and in vitro responses to 2,4-d of eight diverse red clover populations were correlated (r=0.77), justifying in vitro selection for 2,4-d tolerance. suspension cultures of a red clover genotype capable of regeneration were plated onto agar-based nut ...198924227154
immunoprecipitation of phytochrome from green avena by rabbit antisera to phytochrome from etiolated avena.thirty-nine antiserum preparations from eight rabbits were screened for their ability to precipitate the immunochemically distinct phytochrome that is obtained from green oat (avena sativa l.) shoots. the antisera were obtained from rabbits immunized with either proteolytically degraded, but still photoreversible, 60-kda (kilodalton) phytochrome, or approx. 120-kda phytochrome, both of which were purified from etiolated oat shoots. the ability of these antisera to precipitate phytochrome from gr ...198624232327
oat mesophyll protoplasts: their response to various feeder cultures.oat (avena sativa l.) mesophyll protoplasts were recently demonstrated to be capable of dedifferentiation, repeated divisions, and colony formation. since the development of oat mesophyll protoplasts is decisively influenced by the nature of the used feeder culture (species, variety and concentration), we conducted a systematic study of this parameter. generally, graminaceous feeders promoted protoplast proliferation, while dicot species repressed protoplast divisions. the beneficial effect of t ...199024232678
the physiological role of lipoxygenase in ethylene formation from 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid in oat leaves.in order to understand the physiological significance of the in-vitro lipoxygenase (ec 1.13.11.12)-mediated ethylene-forming system (j.f. bousquet and k.v. thimann 1984, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 81, 1724-1727), its characteristics were compared to those of an in-vivo ethylene-forming system. while oat (avena sativa l.) leaves, as other plant tissues, preferentially converted only one of the 1-amino-2-ethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (aec) isomers to 1-butene, the lipoxygenase system convert ...198724232877
long-term acid-induced wall extension in an in-vitro system.when frozen-thawed avena sativa l. coleoptile and cucumis sativa l. hypocotyl sections, under tension, are acid-treated, they undergo rapid elongation (acid-extension). the acid-extension response consists of two concurrent phases: a burst of extension which decays exponentially over 1-2 h (exe), and a constant rate of extension (ce) which can persist for at least 6 h. the extension (al) is closely represented by the equation: δl = a - a · e (kt) + c · t where a is the total extension of the exp ...198724232968
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 801 - 900 of 1129