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interaction of small rna-8105 and the intron of ibmyb1 rna regulates ibmyb1 family genes through secondary sirnas and dna methylation after wounding.small rnas (srnas) play important roles in plants under stress conditions. however, limited research has been performed on the srnas involved in plant wound responses. in the present study, a novel wounding-induced srna, srna8105, was identified in sweet potato (ipomoea batatas cv. tainung 57) using microarray analysis. it was found that expression of srna8105 increased after mechanical wounding. furthermore, dicer-like 1 (dcl1) is required for the srna8105 precursor (pre-srna8105) to generate 2 ...201323663233
food washing and placer mining in captive great apes.sweet potato washing and wheat placer mining in japanese macaques (macaca fuscata) are among the most well known examples of local traditions in non-human animals. the functions of these behaviors and the mechanisms of acquisition and spread of these behaviors have been debated frequently. prompted by animal caretaker reports that great apes [chimpanzees (pan troglodytes), bonobos (pan paniscus), gorillas (gorilla gorilla), and orangutans (pongo abelii)] at leipzig zoo occasionally wash their fo ...201323665925
botanical origin of dietary supplements labeled as "kwao keur", a folk medicine from thailand.in the course of our study on the quality of dietary supplements in japan, both the internal transcribed spacer (its) sequence of nrdna and the rps16 intron sequence of cpdna of products labeled as "kwao keur" were investigated. as a result, the dna sequence of pueraria candollei var. mirifica, which is the source plant of kwao keur, was observed in only about half of the products. inferred from the determined sequences, source plants in the other products included medicago sativa, glycyrrhiza u ...201423677774
disentangling the origins of cultivated sweet potato (ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.).sweet potato (ipomoea batatas (l.) lam., convolvulaceae) counts among the most widely cultivated staple crops worldwide, yet the origins of its domestication remain unclear. this hexaploid species could have had either an autopolyploid origin, from the diploid i. trifida, or an allopolyploid origin, involving genomes of i. trifida and i. triloba. we generated molecular genetic data for a broad sample of cultivated sweet potatoes and its diploid and polyploid wild relatives, for noncoding chlorop ...201323723970
use of fluorescence, a novel technique to determine reduction in bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) nymph feeding when exposed to benevia and other insecticides.the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius), is an economically important pest in the united states and other countries. growers in many places rely on the use of insecticides to reduce populations of b. tabaci. however, insecticides may take a few days to cause b. tabaci mortality and some do not reduce feeding before death. earlier reduction of feeding of whiteflies would decrease the physiological effects on plants, reduce the production of sooty mold and potentially reduce the tran ...201323786044
tomato spotted wilt virus infection reduces the fitness of a nonvector herbivore on pepper.plant pathogens and insect herbivores often share hosts under natural conditions. hence, pathogen-induced changes in a host plant can affect the herbivore and vice versa. even though plant viruses are ubiquitous in the field, little is known about plant-mediated interactions between viruses and nonvector herbivores. here we tested whether the performance of the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype q, was altered when raised on pepper infected with tomato spotted wilt virus ( ...201323786083
transcriptional profiling of sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas) roots indicates down-regulation of lignin biosynthesis and up-regulation of starch biosynthesis at an early stage of storage root formation.the number of fibrous roots that develop into storage roots determines sweetpotato yield. the aim of the present study was to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in the initiation of storage root formation, by performing a detailed transcriptomic analysis of initiating storage roots using next-generation sequencing platforms. a two-step approach was undertaken: (1) generating a database for the sweetpotato root transcriptome using 454-roche sequencing of a cdna library created from pooled ...201323834507
nadph oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium and reduced glutathione mitigate ethephon-mediated leaf senescence, h2o2 elevation and senescence-associated gene expression in sweet potato (ipomoea batatas).ethephon, an ethylene releasing compound, promoted leaf senescence, h2o2 elevation, and senescence-associated gene expression in sweet potato. it also affected the glutathione and ascorbate levels, which in turn perturbed h2o2 homeostasis. the decrease of reduced glutathione and the accumulation of dehydroascorbate correlated with leaf senescence and h2o2 elevation at 72h in ethephon-treated leaves. exogenous application of reduced glutathione caused quicker and significant increase of its intra ...201323834930
cloning and characterization of an orange gene that increases carotenoid accumulation and salt stress tolerance in transgenic sweetpotato cultures.the orange (or) gene is responsible for the accumulation of carotenoids in plants. we isolated the or gene (ibor) from storage roots of orange-fleshed sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas l. lam. cv. sinhwangmi), and analyzed its function in transgenic sweetpotato calli. the ibor gene has an open reading frame in the 942 bp cdna, which encodes a 313-amino acid protein containing a cysteine-rich zinc finger domain. ibor was strongly expressed in storage roots of orange-fleshed sweetpotato cultivars; it a ...201323835362
identification and quantification of free, conjugate and total phenolic compounds in leaves of 20 sweetpotato cultivars by hplc-dad and hplc-esi-ms/ms.the study systematically investigated free, conjugate and total phenolics (phenolic acids and flavonoids) in leaves of 19 chinese and one american sweetpotato cultivars grown in china. three extraction/hydrolytic methods (direct extraction and acidic and basic hydrolysis) for sample preparation were employed to obtain different forms of phenolics. twenty-nine phenolics were separated and identified using hplc-dad and hplc-esi-ms/ms. three quercetin glycosides were characterised for the first tim ...201323871013
fermentation and quality of yellow pigments from golden brown rice solid culture by a selected monascus mutant.a single peak (λmax 370) yellow pigment-producing mutant derived from monascus sp. tistr 3179 was used for the pigment production in solid rice culture. various factors affecting yellow tones were investigated. hom-mali rice variety was the best amongst five thai local varieties used for fungus culture. it was also better than corn, mungbean, soybean, potato, sweet potato, or cassava tubers. the moisture content and temperature were the key environmental factors affecting the color tones of crea ...201323912113
evaluation of metals in several varieties of sweet potatoes (ipomoea batatas l.): comparative study.sweet potatoes are a staple in the diet of some people and an excellent source of minerals. metal monitoring in food, like sweet potatoes, provides basic information on safety aspects in regulatory processes as well as nutritional values. one hundred five samples of three varieties of sweet potatoes were randomly obtained from supermarkets, farmers markets, and farmers' plots in tenerife (canary islands, spain). the edible portion (pulp) was the only part considered for analysis. flame atomic ab ...201423979675
sweet potato for type 2 diabetes mellitus.sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) is among the most nutritious subtropical and tropical vegetables. it is also used in traditional medicine practices for type 2 diabetes mellitus. research in animal and human models suggests a possible role of sweet potato in glycaemic control.201324000051
population dynamics of three aphid species (hemiptera: aphididae) on four ipomoea spp. infected or noninfected with sweetpotato potyviruses.three aphid species, aphis gossypii glover and myzus persicae (sulzer) (efficient sweetpotato potyvirus vectors) and rhopalosiphum padi (l.) (an inefficient vector), are commonly found in sweet potato, ipomoea batatas (l.), in louisiana. field-grown sweet potatoes are naturally infected with several potyviruses: sweet potato feathery mottle virus, sweet potato virus g, and sweet potato virus 2. thus, these aphids commonly encounter virus-infected hosts. what is not known is how each of these aph ...201324020267
staple diets and duodenal ulcer prevalence.the prevalence of duodenal ulceration in india, africa, china and other developing countries is high in some regions and low in others, despite a high prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection throughout the areas. this variation is related to the staple diet of the regions involved. in regions where, because of the climate, the staple food is milled white rice, wheat or maize, or cassava, yams,sweet potato and green bananas the prevalence of duodenal ulcer is higher than in regions where the ...200924036556
resin glycosides from the yellow-skinned variety of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas).native to tropical america, ipomoea batatas has been cultivated for over 5000 years in mexico. the yellow-skinned tuber crop variety, with an orange flesh, has a higher nutritional value than potato. raw sweet potato can cause a purge due to its resin glycoside content. purification of the chloroform-soluble resin glycosides from the roots of this variety was accomplished by preparative-scale hplc, which allowed for the collection of six oligosaccharides, batatin vii (1) and batatinosides vii-ix ...201324053411
one-step reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification assay for sensitive and rapid detection of cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus.a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was developed for the detection of cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (ccyv). in this procedure, a set of four primers matching a total of six sequences in the coat protein gene region of ccyv was synthesized for the rt-lamp assay using total rna extracted from ccyv-infected melon leaf tissues, and the optimum reaction temperature and assay time were determined. the sensitivity assay showed that the virus was detectable ...201424056260
complete genome sequence of a novel monopartite begomovirus infecting sweet potato in china.the complete genome sequence of a new monopartite begomovirus isolate sc-1 was obtained from sweet potato samples in sichuan province, china. the viral genome consists of 2,764 nucleotides (nt) and encodes two open reading frames (orfs) called av1 and av2 genes in the viral-sense strand and four orfs (ac1-ac4) in the complementary-sense strand. sequence comparisons revealed that it shared the highest level of nt sequence identity (81.2 %) with sweet potato leaf curl georgia virus (af326775). phy ...201324057883
sweet potato [ipomoea batatas (l.) lam. "tainong 57"] starch improves insulin sensitivity in high-fructose diet-fed rats by ameliorating adipocytokine levels, pro-inflammatory status, and insulin signaling.the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low-glycemic index (gi) sweet potato starch on adipocytokines, pro-inflammatory status, and insulin signaling in the high-fructose diet-induced insulin-resistant rat. we randomly divided 24 insulin-resistant rats and 16 normal rats into two groups fed a diet containing 575 g/kg of starch: a low-gi sweet potato starch (s) or a high-gi potato starch (p). the four experimental groups were labeled as follows: insulin-resistant p (ir-p), insulin ...201324064727
characterization and expression of rubisco activase genes in ipomoea batatas.two-dimensional electrophoresis, coupled with maldi-tof-ms, was used to identify differentially expressed proteins between young and mature leaves of sweet potato [ipomoea batatas (l.) lam]. the results showed that there were 25 differential proteins between young and mature leaves. the rubisco activase (rca) that catalyzes the activation of rubisco in vivo and plays a crucial role in photosynthesis was among these 25 proteins. so far, little was known about the molecular biology of rca in sweet ...201324065541
in silico identification and characterization of conserved mirnas and their target genes in sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) expressed sequence tags (ests).the endogenous small non-coding micro rnas (mirnas), which are typically ~21-24 nt nucleotides, play a crucial role in regulating the intrinsic normal growth of cells and development of the plants as well as in maintaining the integrity of genomes. these small non-coding rnas function as the universal specificity factors in post-transcriptional gene silencing. discovering mirnas, identifying their targets, and further inferring mirna functions is a routine process to understand normal biological ...201324067297
enzymatic activity of lactobacillus reuteri grown in a sweet potato based medium with the addition of metal ions.the effect of metal ions on the enzymatic activity of lactobacillus reuteri was studied. the enzymatic activity was determined spectrophotometrically using the corresponding substrate. in the control group, l. reuteri mf14-c, mm2-3, sd2112, and dsm20016 produced the highest α-glucosidase (40.06 ± 2.80 glu u/ml), β-glucosidase (17.82 ± 1.45 glu u/ml), acid phosphatase (20.55 ± 0.74 ph u/ml), and phytase (0.90 ± 0.05 ph u/ml) respectively. the addition of mg(2+) and mn(2+) led to enhance α-glucosi ...201324083112
mycotoxicoses of ruminants and horses.in the current study, mycotoxicoses of ruminants and horses are reviewed, with an emphasis on the occurrence of these diseases in south america. the main mycotoxicoses observed in grazing cattle include intoxications by indole-diterpenoid mycotoxins (paspalum spp. contaminated by claviceps paspali, lolium perenne infected by neotyphodium lolii, cynodon dactylon infected by claviceps cynodontis, and poa huecu), gangrenous ergotism and dysthermic syndrome (hyperthermia) caused by festuca arundinac ...201324091682
evaluation of sweet potato for fuel bioethanol production: hydrolysis and fermentation.the enzymatic starch hydrolysis and bioethanol production from a variety of sweet potato developed for bioenergy purposes (k 9807.1) on the basis of its high starch yields, was studied. drying at 55°c and 95°c of sweet potato neither affected the sugar content nor the starch enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. simultaneous saccharification and ethanol fermentations for dry matter ratio of sweet potato to water from 1:8 to 1:2 (w/v) were studied. fresh sweet potato and dried at 55°c (flour) were ass ...201324130960
phytotoxins produced by plant pathogenic streptomyces species.streptomyces is a large genus consisting of soil-dwelling, filamentous bacteria that are best known for their capability of producing a vast array of medically and agriculturally useful secondary metabolites. in addition, a small number of streptomyces spp. are capable of colonizing and infecting the underground portions of living plants and causing economically important crop diseases such as potato common scab (cs). research into the mechanisms of streptomyces plant pathogenicity has led to th ...201424131731
development of transgenic sweet potato with multiple virus resistance in south africa (sa).multiple infections of sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv), sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv), sweet potato virus g (spvg) and sweet potato mild mottle virus (spmmv) cause a devastating synergistic disease complex of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas lam.) in kwazulu-natal, south africa. in order to address the problem of multiple virus infections and synergism, this study aimed to develop transgenic sweet potato (cv. blesbok) plants with broad virus resistance. coat protein gene seg ...201424158330
cryopreservation of non-encapsulated embryogenic tissue of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas).embryogenic tissue of the sweet potato (ipomoea batatas (l) lam) genotype tib 10 was established from in vitro axillary shoot tips on murashige and skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 5 μm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. embryogenic aggregates of fresh mass 9.0-12 mg were subjected to a rapid freezing protocol in liquid nitrogen following sucrose preculture and varying degrees of dehydration. up to 50% of embryogenic explants survived rapid freezing after preculture on 0.4 or 0.7m sucrose only ...199624178228
rapid and repetitive plant regeneration in sweetpotato via somatic embryogenesis.an efficient in vitro plant regeneration system characterized by rapid and continuous production of somatic embryos using leaf and petiole expiants has been developed in sweetpotato [ipomoea batatas l. (lam.)]. the optimal somatic embryogenic response was obtained in the genotype pi 318846-3 with a two-step protocol: (1) stage i-incubation of expiants in the dark for 2 weeks on murashige skoog (ms) medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) (2.5 mg/l) and 6-benzylaminopurine (0.25 ...199624178413
inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by the flavone aglycone isovitexin causes aberrant petal and leaf morphology in silene latifolia.the morphological mutant "isovitexin" in silene latifolia (the white campion) has small and up-curled petals and leaves. in this mutant the aglycone isovitexin is the only flavone present in the vacuole. in the present study it is shown that isovitexin has a strong toxic effect on mitochondria that is to a large extent abolished by glycosylation. this effect can be used to explain the aberrant morphology. isovitexin acts at the level of the ubiquinone pool; cytochrome c - cytochrome aa3 oxidase ...199624178618
cryopreservation of embryogenic tissue of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas): use of sucrose and dehydration for cryoprotection.embryogenic tissue of two sweet potato (ipomoea batatas (l) lam) genotypes, tib 10 and nemanete (nem), was established from in vitro axillary meristems on murashige and skoog (1962) media supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid respectively. embryogenic aggregates of approximately 1.5-2.0 mm in diameter were subjected to a rapid or a two-step freezing protocol in liquid nitrogen following alginate encapsulation, sucrose preculture and varying degree ...199524185787
interpretation of randomly amplified polymorphic dna marker data for fingerprinting sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) genotypes.in this paper we present a method for the generation of randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers for sweet potato. these were applied to produce genetic fingerprints of six clonal cultivars and to estimate genetic distances between these cultivars. the level of polymorphism within the species was extremely high. from the 36-decamer random primers used, 170 fragments were amplified, of which 132 (77.6%) were polymorphic. ten primers resulted in no detected amplification. of the remaining ...199424186015
binding and processing of small dsrna molecules by the class 1 rnase iii protein encoded by sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus.sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv; genus crinivirus, family closteroviridae) causes heavy yield losses in sweet potato plants co-infected with other viruses. the dsrna-specific class 1 rnase iii-like endoribonuclease (rnase3) encoded by spcsv suppresses post-transcriptional gene silencing and eliminates antiviral defence in sweet potato plants in an endoribonuclease activity-dependent manner. rnase3 can cleave long dsrna molecules, synthetic small interfering rnas (sirnas), and plant- an ...201424187016
isozyme modifications and plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in sweet potato (ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.).the potential of somatic embryogenesis was evaluated for 10 cultivars of sweet potato through extensive embryogenic response and isozyme analysis. embryogenic callus was induced by incubating lateral buds on murashige and skoog medium containing 10 μm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid for 6-8 weeks. the frequency of embryogenic response was low, and varied with genotypes, ranging from 0 to 17%. embryo to plantlet formation could be enhanced by the use of the combination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic ...199424194021
transcriptome analysis to identify putative floral-specific genes and flowering regulatory-related genes of sweet potato.sweet potato flowers were collected for a transcriptome analysis to identify the putative floral-specific and flowering regulatory-related genes by using the rna-sequencing technique. pair-end short reads were de novo assembled by an integrated strategy, and then the floral transcriptome was carefully compared with several published vegetative transcriptomes. a total of 2595 putative floral-specific and 2928 putative vegetative-specific transcripts were detected. we also identified a large numbe ...201324200775
sweet potatoes as a basic component in developing a medium for the cultivation of lactobacilli.a sweet potato medium (spm) was formed with extract from baked sweet potatoes supplemented with 0, 4, or 8 g/l of each nitrogen source (beef extract, yeast extract, and proteose peptone #3) to form spm1, spm2, and spm3 respectively. lactobacilli mrs was used as control medium. ten lactobacillus strains containing an average of 2.34 ± 0.29 log cfu/ml were inoculated individually into batches of mrs, spm1, spm2, and spm3. the growth patterns for the tested lactobacillus strains growing in spm2 and ...201324200801
use of ipomoea trifida germ plasm for sweet potato improvement. 3. development of 4x interspecific hybrids between ipomoea batatas (l.) lam. (2n=6x=90) and i. trifida (h.b.k) g. don. (2n=2x=30) as storage-root initiators for wild species.more than 28,000 pollinations were carried out between 5 ipomoea batatas and 41 diploid i. trifida accessions of diverse origins to obtain 4x interspecific hybrids. from the resultant 730 seeds, 248 plants were finally obtained. ploidy level determination of the progeny showed unexpected results: 52 individuals were hexaploid, 5 were pentaploid, 190 were tetraploid, as expected, and one was not determined. the existence of 5x and 6x progenies from 6x x 2x crosses not only confirmed the presence ...199124202352
cryopreservation of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas [l.] lam.) shoot tips by vitrification.vitrification is a technically simple method for cryopreserving plant germplasm, requiring only the application of suitable cryoprotectants and rapid cooling rates. sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas [l.] lam.) shoot tips obtained from in vitro plants survived liquid nitrogen (-196°c) exposure following a vitrification-inducing pretreatment. shoot tips were treated in a stepwise manner with a vitrification solution containing 30% glycerol, 15% ethylene glycol and 15% dimethylsulfoxide in growth medium ...199224202980
cytological analysis of tetraploid hybrids between sweet potato and diploid ipomoea trifida (h. b. k.) don.tetraploid f1 hybrids between ipomoea batatas, sweet potato (2n = 6x = ca. 90), and diploid (2n = 2x = 30) i. trifida (h. b. k.) don. showed various degrees of fertility reduction. the present study aimed to clarify its causes by cytological analysis of meiotic chromosome behavior in the diploid and sweet potato parents and their tetraploid hybrids. the diploid parents showed exclusively 15 bivalents, and the sweet potato parents exhibited almost perfect chromosome pairing along with predominant ...199024221067
functional characterization of dihydroflavonol-4-reductase in anthocyanin biosynthesis of purple sweet potato underlies the direct evidence of anthocyanins function against abiotic stresses.dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (dfr) is a key enzyme in the catalysis of the stereospecific reduction of dihydroflavonols to leucoanthocyanidins in anthocyanin biosynthesis. in the purple sweet potato (ipomoea batatas lam.) cv. ayamurasaki, expression of the ibdfr gene was strongly associated with anthocyanin accumulation in leaves, stems and roots. overexpression of the ibdfr in arabidopsis tt3 mutants fully complemented the pigmentation phenotype of the seed coat, cotyledon and hypocotyl. downreg ...201324223813
the inheritance of β-amylase null in storage roots of sweet potato,ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.several sweet potato genotypes were found to lack completely or to have only traces ofβ-amylase in their storage roots. such genotypes do not increase in sweetness during cooking because, without a sufficient amount ofβ-amylase, the normal hydrolysis of starch to maltose does not occur in the cooking process. in order to study the inheritance of this biochemical variant in the genotype, 41 families were generated. the following conclusions were drawn from analyzing these families. (1) this trait ...199024226356
optimizing sweet potato [ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.] root and plantlet formation by selection of proper embryo developmental stage and size, and gel type for fluidized sowing.potassium starch polyacrylamide, potassium acrylate, a copolymer of potassium acrylate and acrylamide, and hydroxyethylcellulose carrier gels were tested to find a fluid drilling material suited for synthetic seeding of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.) somatic embryos. somatic embryo developmental stage and size, and maturation (incubation) time were also evaluated to improve plantlet formation. all embryos suspended in the fluidized hydroxyethylcellulose gel were viable after six days a ...199024227054
analyzing the effects of exogeneous polyamines and growth regulators on plating efficiency of sweet potato protoplasts using a central composite test design.the effects of exogenous polyamines and growth regulators on plating efficiency of greenhouse-grown sweet potato (ipomoea batatas lam.) petiole protoplasts after six days were analyzed using a central composite test design. the medium components screened were 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (naa), 6-benzylaminopurine (bap), putrescine (put), spermidine (spd), and spermine (spm), each at five concentrations. stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed significant interaction of naa with bap, put, and ...198824241604
heritability of regeneration in tissue cultures of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.).a population of open-pollinated progeny from 12 parents, and the 12 parents, was surveyed for in vitro growth and regeneration characteristics. four different tissue culture procedures involving different media and the use of different explants to initiate the cultures were used. petiole explants from young leaves were used as explants for initiation of callus cultures. these were evaluated for callus growth rate, friability, and callus color and texture, before transferring to each of three dif ...198624247711
plant regeneration from protoplast culture of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas lam.).this is the first report on successful plant regeneration from protoplasts of sweet potato. two cultivars (guyana and duclos xi) of sweet potato plants propagated under in vitro conditions were used as the source of protoplasts. green compact calli with meristematic areas were induced in the medium supplemented with 2mg1(-1) zeatin, and plant regeneration occurred when these calli were transferred onto the medium with zeatin level reduced to 0.25mg1(-1). plant regeneration was found to be genoty ...198724248836
isolation and culture of protoplasts from high anthocyanin-producing callus of sweet potato.optimum conditions for the isolation and culture of protoplasts from high anthocyanin-producing callus of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) were investigated. growth phase of callus and the ratio of callus-enzyme solution affected the yield of protoplasts. composition of the medium and protoplast density were examined for protoplast culture.small colonies were regenerated from the protoplasts. upon transfer to light a high amount of anthocyanin was accumulated in these colonies.198524253980
occurrence of anthocyanoplasts in cell suspension cultures of sweet potato.intensely pigmented and spherical vesicles (anthocyanoplasts) were found in anthocyanin-containing cells of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) suspension cultures. anthocyanin synthesis began to first occur 24-48 h after exposure to light, and then numerous small red vesicles were detected under a microscope. the frequency of anthocyanoplast-containing cells rapidly increased to finally about 80% of the total cultured cells after 5 days of irradiation. fully developed anthocyanoplasts reached 10-15 ...198524253981
isolation of substance from sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) periderm tissue that inhibits seed germination.chromatographic procedures were used to isolate inhibitors of seed germination from sweet potato root periderm tissue. the inhibitory activity of all fractions was monitored using a proso millet seed germination bioassay. a single hplc peak, representing approximately 1.2% of the periderm dry weight, accounted for most of the inhibitory activity. the active fraction was labile in methanolic solution. further fractionation of this peak by hplc methods was not successful. in vitro seed germination ...199124259077
cocoa flavonoids attenuate high glucose-induced insulin signalling blockade and modulate glucose uptake and production in human hepg2 cells.insulin resistance is the primary characteristic of type 2 diabetes. cocoa and its main flavanol, (-)-epicatechin (ec), display some antidiabetic effects, but the mechanisms for their preventive activities related to glucose metabolism and insulin signalling in the liver remain largely unknown. in the present work, the preventive effect of ec and a cocoa polyphenolic extract (cpe) on insulin signalling and on both glucose production and uptake are studied in insulin-responsive human hepg2 cells ...201424262486
two cytochrome p450 genes are involved in imidacloprid resistance in field populations of the whitefly, bemisia tabaci, in china.the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera:aleyrodidae), is an invasive and damaging pest of field crops worldwide. the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid has been widely used to control this pest. we assessed the species composition (b vs. q), imidacloprid resistance, and association between imidacloprid resistance and the expression of five p450 genes for 14-17 b. tabaci populations in 12 provinces in china. fifteen of 17 populations contained only b. tabaci q, and tw ...201324267696
feeding and oviposition preferences of sweet potato weevil,cylas formicarius elegantulus (summers), on storage roots of sweet potato cultivars with differing surface chemistries.cores from sweet potato [ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.] storage roots (centennial, jewel, resisto, and regal cultivars) were presented to sweet potato weevils [cylas formicarius elegantulus (summers) (coleoptera; curculionidae)] in multiple-choice, limited-choice, and no-choice bioassays. centennial, a susceptible cultivar in field-plot experiments, was preferred for feeding and oviposition by female weevils in choice bioassays, and for ovi-position in no-choice bioassays, compared to three other cu ...198924271892
attraction of adult sweet potato weevils,cylas formicarius elegantulus (summers), (coleoptera: curculionidae), to sweet potato leaf and root volatiles.a dual-choice olfactometer was developed to study the responses of sweet potato weevils,cylas formicarius elegantulus (summers), to volatiles from the sweet potato,ipomoea batatas (l.) lam. both males and females were attracted by volatiles from sweet potato leaves and a methylene chloride leaf extract. females, but not males, responded to volatiles from storage roots and a methylene chloride root extract. leaves and storage roots from four sweet potato cultivars (centennial, jewel, resisto, and ...198924271909
genetic variability and evolutionary implications of rna silencing suppressor genes in rna1 of sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus isolates infecting sweetpotato and related wild species.the bipartite single-stranded rna genome of sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv, genus crinivirus; closteroviridae) encodes a class 1 rnase iii (rnase3), a putative hydrophobic protein (p7) and a 22-kda protein (p22) from genes located in rna1. rnase3 and p22 suppress rna silencing, the basal antiviral defence mechanism in plants. rnase3 is sufficient to render sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas) virus-susceptible and predisposes it to development of severe diseases following infection with unre ...201324278443
infrared drying of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) slices.the effect of different infrared power levels (104, 125, 146 and 167 w) on drying kinetics and rehydration ratio of sweet potato slices was investigated. it was observed that the power levels affected the drying time and rehydration ratio. the increase in infrared power level decreased the drying time. the experimental data obtained from drying study were fitted with newton, henderson and pabis and logarithmic models to evaluate the drying kinetics of the sweet potato slices. the fit quality of ...201224293696
establishment and molecular characterization of a sweet potato germplasm bank of the highlands of paraná state, brazil.the sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) is a crop of great importance in developing countries, as a food staple, for animal feed, and potentially for biofuel. development of cultivars adapted to specific regions within these countries would be useful. to start a breeding program, the first step is the establishment of a germplasm bank. we initiated a sweet potato germplasm bank with accessions collected from the highlands of paraná state, brazil. to establish this germplasm bank, we carried out nu ...201324301927
spatial genetic heterogeneity in populations of a newly invasive whitefly in china revealed by a nation-wide field survey.even though introductions of exotic species provide ready-made experiments of rapid evolution, few studies have examined the genetic structure of an exotic species shortly after its initial introduction and subsequent spread. to determine the genetic structure of its populations during the initial introduction, we investigated the invasive sweet potato whitefly (bemisia tabaci q, commonly known as b. tabaci biotype q) in china, which was introduced in approximately 2003. a total of 619 b. tabaci ...201324302995
intracellular sites of the synthesis of sweet potato mitochondrial f1atpase subunits.five subunits (α-, β-, γ-, δ- and δ'-subunits) of the six α∼δ'-and ε-subunits) in the f1 portion (f1atpase) of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase were isolated by an electrophoretic method. the δ- and δ'-subunits were not distinguishable immunologically but showed completely different tryptic peptide maps, indicating that they were different molecular species. in vitro protein synthesis with isolated sweet potato root mitochondria produced only the α-subunit wh ...198524306987
composition of suberin-associated waxes from the subterranean storage organs of seven plants : parsnip, carrot, rutabaga, turnip, red beet, sweet potato and potato.the waxes associated with the suberin in the periderm of the underground storage organs of parsnip (pastinaca sativa l.), carrot (daucus carota l.), rutabaga (brassica napobrassica mill.), turnip (brassica rapa l.), red beet (beta vulgaris l.), sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) and potato (solanum tuberosum l.) were isolated, fractionated into hydrocarbon, wax ester, free fatty alcohol and free fatty acid fractions, and analyzed by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. the amount of ...198024310190
processing treatments for mitigating acrylamide formation in sweetpotato french fries.acrylamide formation in sweetpotato french fries (spff) is likely a potential health concern as there is an increasing demand for good-quality fries from carotene-rich sweetpotatoes (sp). this is the first report on acrylamide formation in spff as affected by processing methods. acrylamide levels in spff from untreated sp strips fried at 165 °c for 2, 3, and 5 min were 124.9, 255.5, and 452.0 ng/g fresh weight, which were reduced by about 7 times to 16.3, 36.9, and 58.3 ng/g, respectively, when ...201424328312
a spatial ecology study on the effects of field conditions and crop rotation on the incidence of plectris aliena (coleoptera: scarabaeidae) grub damage to sweetpotato roots.a farmscape study was conducted in commercial sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas (l.) lam) fields in columbus county, nc, in 2010 and 2011 to investigate the effects of the following field conditions: soil drainage class, soil texture, field size, border habitat, land elevation, and the previous year's crop rotation on the incidence of damage caused by plectris aliena chapman (coleoptera:scarabaeidae) larval feeding. soil drainage and crop rotation significantly affected the incidence of damage to roo ...201324331614
the influence of deep frying using various vegetable oils on acrylamide formation in sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l. lam) chips.the objective of this study was to evaluate the precursors of acrylamide formation in sweet potato (sp) (ipomoea batatas l. lam) chips and to determine the effect of different types of vegetable oils (vos), that is, palm olein, coconut oil, canola oil, and soya bean oil, on acrylamide formation. the reducing sugars and amino acids in the sp slices were analyzed, and the acrylamide concentrations of sp chips were measured. sp chips that were fried in a lower degree of unsaturation oils contained ...201424344977
ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.: a rich source of lipophilic phytochemicals.the lipophilic extracts from the storage root of 13 cultivars of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.) were evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with the aim to valorize them and offer information on their nutritional properties and potential health benefits. the amount of lipophilic extractives ranged from 0.87 to 1.32% dry weight. fatty acids and sterols were the major families of compounds identified. the most abundant saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were hexadecanoic ac ...201324345069
the ability of cultivars of sweetpotato in east africa to 'revert' from sweet potato feathery mottle virus infection.asymptomatic field plants are the normal source of the vine cuttings used as sweetpotato planting material in africa. previous and new tests of such east african material, mostly using the very sensitive method of graft inoculation to the indicator plant ipomoea setosa, showed that a majority tested virus-negative. this was despite their never having undergone any science-based therapy. to investigate how this occurs, in a replicated greenhouse experiment, plants of susceptible cultivars from th ...201424361352
a practical approach to minimize the interaction of dietary vitamin k with warfarin.the many interactions between warfarin and other drugs and foods generate great challenges for clinicians and patients in maintaining stable anitcoagulation. interactions due to variable vitamin k content of different dietary items influence the therapy of nearly all patients on warfarin. unfortunately, there is no widely acceptable, patient-friendly strategy for managing such interactions. in this contribution, we propose a practical approach to managing this troublesome interaction, consisting ...201424383939
carotenoids gene markers for sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas l. lam): applications in genetic mapping, diversity evaluation and cross-species transference.carotenoids play essential biological roles in plants, and genes involved in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway are evolutionarily conserved. orange sweetpotato is an important source of β-carotene, a precursor of vitamin a. in spite of this, only a few research studies have focussed on the molecular aspects of carotenoid genes regarding their specific sequence and structure. in this study, we used published carotenoid gene sequences from ipomoea and other species for "exon-primed intron-crossi ...201424384928
activity of flonicamid on the sweet potato whitely bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) and its natural enemies.flonicamid is a novel systemic insecticide that acts as a feeding blocker with potential use against whiteflies within ipm control tactics. flonicamid efficacy against bemisia tabaci mediterranean populations from crete was examined, as well as side effects on selected beneficials used extensively in current ipm schemes.201424408346
sorghum brewing using sweet potato enzymic flour to increase saccharification.the diastatic activity of three sweet potato varieties was principally due to \-amylase. substitution of sorghum malt with sweet potato at 20% (w/v) gave a higher activity than an all-sorghum malt. maltose in the sorghum/potato wort was 50 mg/ml, similar to that in barley malt. the free alpha amino nitrogen of the sorghum/potato worts was lower than that of the all-sorghum malt but was still within the range needed for yeast growth. incubation of the potato enzymic extract with isolated sorghum ...199224425566
genetically modified foods: safety, risks and public concerns-a review.genetic modification is a special set of gene technology that alters the genetic machinery of such living organisms as animals, plants or microorganisms. combining genes from different organisms is known as recombinant dna technology and the resulting organism is said to be 'genetically modified (gm)', 'genetically engineered' or 'transgenic'. the principal transgenic crops grown commercially in field are herbicide and insecticide resistant soybeans, corn, cotton and canola. other crops grown co ...201324426015
studies of sugar composition and starch morphology of baked sweet potatoes (ipomoea batatas (l.) lam).sugar composition of seven sweet potato cultivars was successfully analyzed. fresh cyy95-26 sweet potatoes had the highest (8.41%) total sugar content while tng73 had the lowest (4.5%). for these fresh sweet potatoes, maltose content was very low (0 ~ 0.39%). because 49.92 ~ 92.43% of total sugars were sucrose, sucrose was the major sugar composition of fresh sweet potatoes. after the baking treatment, the total sugar content of baked sweet potatoes was dramatically increased due to the formatio ...201324426034
integrative biological hydrogen production: an overview.biological hydrogen (h2) production by dark and photo-fermentative organisms is a promising area of research for generating bioenergy. a large number of organisms have been widely studied for producing h2 from diverse feeds, both as pure and as mixed cultures. however, their h2 producing efficiencies have been found to vary (from 3 to 8 mol/mol hexose) with physiological conditions, type of organisms and composition of feed (starchy waste from sweet potato, wheat, cassava and algal biomass). the ...201224426072
[the effect of phospholipids on starch metabolism].the presence of phospholipids reduces the breakdown of amylose catalyzed by β-amylase, phosphorylase and α-amylase. the activities of the β-amylases of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) disminish to less than 10% of the activity in the control without the phospholipids. when the amylose was complexed with phospholipids the activity of the α-amylase of bacillus subtilis was reduced to about 25% of the control value. a similar effect was observed for the amylases of ze ...197624430907
cytological evidence on the origin of sweet potato.the results of intensive meiotic studies, particularly of the karyology and chromosomal homology at the pachytene stage, in the sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.), which is a hexaploid (2 n = 90), have thrown considerable light on its origin and genome relationships. using suitable criteria, such as relative length of chromosomes, centromere position, chromomere pattern, absence of light staining segments in one of the arms, presence of telochromomere etc., 40 of the 45 haploid chromosome complem ...197024435948
ipomovirus--an atypical genus in the family potyviridae transmitted by whiteflies.ipomoviruses (genus ipomovirus) are whitefly-transmitted viruses assigned to the family potyviridae. they are characterised by filamentous flexible particles and a positive-sense single-stranded rna (+ssrna) genome. the viral genome is translated into a polyprotein precursor, which is processed into mature proteins and a short overlapping open reading frame. the genus ipomovirus contains four accepted species and one unapproved species, and two other tentative members have recently been characte ...201424464680
transplastomic nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing multiple defence genes encoding protease inhibitors and chitinase display broad-spectrum resistance against insects, pathogens and abiotic stresses.plastid engineering provides several advantages for the next generation of transgenic technology, including the convenient use of transgene stacking and the generation of high expression levels of foreign proteins. with the goal of generating transplastomic plants with multiresistance against both phytopathogens and insects, a construct containing a monocistronic patterned gene stack was transformed into nicotiana benthamiana plastids harbouring sweet potato sporamin, taro cystatin and chitinase ...201424479648
rooted leaves for physiological experiments.rooted leaves provide convenient material for investigating various physiological processes. details are given for producing rooted leaves of species with tuberous roots, e.g. sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) and dahlia (dahlia variabilis) and species with tap roots, e.g. sugar beet (beta vulgaris) and runner bean (phaseolus coccineus). the storage root formed on a single sugar-beet leaf develops concentric cambia suggesting that their formation is not determined by particular leaves.197224481792
a review of the mechanisms and components that determine the transmission efficiency of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (geminiviridae; begomovirus) by its whitefly vector.begomoviruses are a group of icosahedral single stranded dna viruses exclusively transmitted by the sweet potato whitefly bemisia tabaci in a persistent, circulative manner. in this mode of transmission, begomoviruses are acquired by their insect vector as intact virions from the plant phloem, move along the food canal, foregut and esophagus and reach the midgut where they are absorbed into the hemolymph via the filter chamber. the filter chamber is the site where most of the ingested food is fi ...201424508344
purple sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) anthocyanins: preventive effect on acute and subacute alcoholic liver damage and dealcoholic effect.this study aimed to investigate the dealcoholic effect and preventive effect of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (pspas) on acute and subacute alcoholic liver damage (ald). seven-week-old male inbred mice were grouped into five groups: control group (without pspas and ethanol treatments), model group (with ethanol treatment only), low-dose group (50 mg pspas/kg body weight), middle-dose group (125 mg pspas/kg body weight), and high-dose group (375 mg pspas/kg body weight), and the mice in a ...201424564852
bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates. we assessed whether this wastewater could be used to produce paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for foliar application to tea trees. using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for p. polymyxa were ph, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °c; and incubation time, 16 h. under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/ml was achieved. we t ...201424576979
tissue magnesium and calcium affect arbuscular mycorrhiza development and fungal reproduction.applications of high levels of mgso4 resulted in reduced root colonization and sporulation by glomus sp. (invam isolate fl329) with sweet potato and onion in aeroponic and sand culture, respectively. onion shoot-mg concentrations were elevated when a nutrient solution containing 2.6 or 11.7 mm mgso4 was applied. magnesium application depressed tissue-ca levels. with lower ca in the tissue, colonization was reduced from > 30% of root length to < 10%, and sporulation from > 1200 to ca. 200 spores ...199824578048
plant age and genotype affect the bacterial community composition in the tuber rhizosphere of field-grown sweet potato plants.the hypothesis that sweet potato genotypes containing different starch yields in their tuberous roots can affect the bacterial communities present in the rhizosphere (soil adhering to tubers) was tested in this study. tuberous roots of field-grown sweet potato of genotypes ipb-149 (commercial genotype), ipb-052, and ipb-137 were sampled three and six months after planting and analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and pyrosequencing analysis of 16s rrna genes pcr-amplified fr ...201424597529
implication of the bacterial endosymbiont rickettsia spp. in interactions of the whitefly bemisia tabaci with tomato yellow leaf curl virus.numerous animal and plant viruses are transmitted by arthropod vectors in a persistent, circulative manner. tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is transmitted by the sweet potato whitefly bemisia tabaci. we report here that infection with rickettsia spp., a facultative endosymbiont of whiteflies, altered tylcv-b. tabaci interactions. a b. tabaci strain infected with rickettsia acquired more tylcv from infected plants, retained the virus longer, and exhibited nearly double the transmission effi ...201424600010
scanning of transposable elements and analyzing expression of transposase genes of sweet potato [ipomoea batatas].transposable elements (tes) are the most abundant genomic components in eukaryotes and affect the genome by their replications and movements to generate genetic plasticity. sweet potato performs asexual reproduction generally and the tes may be an important genetic factor for genome reorganization. complete identification of tes is essential for the study of genome evolution. however, the tes of sweet potato are still poorly understood because of its complex hexaploid genome and difficulty in ge ...201424608103
sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) leaves as nutritional and functional foods.in this study, the nutritional compositions of leaves from 40 sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) cultivars were assessed. the correlations between antioxidant activity and crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, carbohydrate, and polyphenol contents were determined. the crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, carbohydrate and ash contents ranged between 16.69-31.08, 9.15-14.26, 2.08-5.28, 42.03-61.36, and 7.39-14.66g/100gdryweight(dw), respectively. according to the index of nutritional quality, sw ...201424629984
multilocus approach to clarify species status and the divergence history of the bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) species complex.the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci, is a highly differentiated species complex. despite consisting of several morphologically indistinguishable entities and frequent invasions on all continents with important associated economic losses, the phylogenetic relationships, species status, and evolutionary history of this species complex is still debated. we sequenced and analyzed one mitochondrial and three single-copy nuclear genes from 9 of the 12 genetic groups of b. tabaci and 5 closely re ...201424685497
an ipomoea batatas iron-sulfur cluster scaffold protein gene, ibnfu1, is involved in salt tolerance.iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis involving the nitrogen fixation (nif) proteins has been proposed as a general mechanism acting in various organisms. nifu-like protein may play an important role in protecting plants against abiotic and biotic stresses. an iron-sulfur cluster scaffold protein gene, ibnfu1, was isolated from a salt-tolerant sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.) line lm79 in our previous study, but its role in sweetpotato stress tolerance was not investigated. in the present stud ...201424695556
refined avian risk assessment for chlorpyrifos in the united states.refined risk assessments for birds exposed to flowable and granular formulations ofcpy were conducted for a range of current use patterns in the united states. overall,the collective evidence from the modeling and field study lines of evidence indicate that flowable and granular cpy do not pose significant risks to the bird communities foraging in agro-ecosystems in the united states. the available information indicates that avian incidents resulting from the legal, registered uses of cpy have b ...201424723136
characteristics, phenotype, and transmission of wolbachia in the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), and its parasitoid eretmocerus sp. nr. emiratus (hymenoptera: aphelinidae).wolbachia is a common intracellular bacterial endosymbiont of insects, causing a variety of effects including reproductive manipulations such as cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci). in this study, we characterized wolbachia in the whitefly bemisia tabaci and in the whitefly parasitoid eretmocerus sp. nr. emiratus. we also tested for horizontal transmission of wolbachia between and within trophic levels, and we determined the phenotype of wolbachia in e. sp. nr. emiratus. using multilocus sequence t ...201424763092
stylet penetration behaviors of myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) on four ipomoea spp. infected or noninfected with sweet potato potyviruses.myzus persicae (sulzer) is an efficient vector of potyviruses in sweet potato, ipomoea batatas (l.). these potyviruses also infect members of the morning glory family ipomoea cordatotriloba dennstedt and ipomoea hederacea jacqin commonly found within or around sweet potato fields. infection of sweet potato with potyviruses increases the intrinsic rate of increase of m. persicae. thus, from the epidemiological stand point, virus infection can modify vector population dynamics, and therefore incre ...201424772532
in vivo anti-fatigue activity of total flavonoids from sweetpotato [ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.] leaf in mice.the in vivo anti-fatigue activity of the total flavonoids from sweet potato [ipomoea batatas (l.) lam.] leaf was investigated in male kunming mice. the total flavonoids from sweet potato leaf (tfsl) were orally administered at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg for 4 weeks and the anti-fatigue effect was studied using a weight-loaded swimming test, along with the determination of serum urea nitrogen (sun), blood lactic acid (bla) and hepatic and muscle glycogen contents. the results showed that tfsl ...201324772953
differential activation of sporamin expression in response to abiotic mechanical wounding and biotic herbivore attack in the sweet potato.plants respond differently to mechanical wounding and herbivore attack, using distinct pathways for defense. the versatile sweet potato sporamin possesses multiple biological functions in response to stress. however, the regulation of sporamin gene expression that is activated upon mechanical damage or herbivore attack has not been well studied.201424774834
determination of acrylamide in thai-conventional snacks from nong mon market, chonburi using gc-ms technique.acrylamide in thai-conventional snacks was analysed by gc/ms with a linear response ranged of 5-50 µg and r² > 0.99. the limit of detection (s/n = 3) and limit of quantification (s/n = 10) were 4 and 15 µg kg⁻¹, respectively, and rsd < 2%. acrylamide in 19 food samples ranged from <15 µg kg⁻¹ to 1.26 mg kg⁻¹ with highest concentrations in kanom jak. moderate levels (150-500 µg kg⁻¹) were detected mostly in deep-fried products, especially sweet potato and taro crisps, kanom kai hong, banana fritt ...201224779691
studies on production and biological potential of prodigiosin by serratia marcescens.efficacy of serratia marcescens for pigment production and biological activity was investigated. natural substrates like sweet potato, mahua flower extract (madhuca latifolia l.), and sesam at different concentrations were taken. as a carbon source microorganism favored potato powder was followed by sesam and mannitol, and as nitrogen source casein hydrolysate was followed by yeast and malt extract. the effect of inorganic salts on pigment production was also studied. at final optimized composit ...201424781979
intraspecific and intragenomic variability of its rdna sequences reveals taxonomic problems in ceratocystis fimbriata sensu stricto.fourteen new species in the latin american clade (lac) of the ceratocystis fimbriata complex recently were distinguished from c. fimbriata sensu stricto largely based on variation in its rdna sequences. among the 116 isolates representing the lac, there were 41 its haplotypes. maximum parsimony (mp) analysis of its sequences produced poorly resolved trees. in contrast, analyses of mating-type genes (mat1-1-2 and mat1-2-1) resolved a single mp tree with branches of high bootstrap and posterior pr ...201424782492
isolation and identification of colourless caffeoyl compounds in purple sweet potato by hplc-dad-esi/ms and their antioxidant activities.more than 10 red anthocyanins and related glucosides have been isolated and identified from purple sweet potato (ipomoea batatas, ayamurasaki) in the recent decades. this paper reports the isolation of colourless caffeoyl compounds from purple sweet potato using ab-8 macroresin absorption and semi-preparative hplc-dad. the structures of the five isolated monomers were identified as: 5-caffeoylquinic acid (1), 6-o-caffeoyl-β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2-1)-α-d-glucopyranoside (2) and trans-4,5-dicaffeoyl ...201424837917
antioxidant activity in extracts of 27 indigenous taiwanese vegetables.the objectives of this study were to identify the antioxidants and antioxidant axtivity in 27 of taiwan's indigenous vegetables. lycium chinense (lc), lactuca indica (li), and perilla ocymoides (po) contained abundant quercetin (que), while artemisia lactiflora (al) and gynura bicolor (gb) were rich in morin and kaempferol, respectively. additionally, nymphoides cristata (nc) and sechium edule (se)-yellow had significantly higher levels of myricetin (myr) than other tested samples. cyanidin (cya ...201424858497
conformational characterization of ipomotaosides and their recognition by cox-1 and 2.the aerial parts of ipomoea batatas are described herein to produce four new resin glycosides, designated as ipomotaosides a, b, c, and d. ipomotaoside a was found to present inhibitory activity on both cyclooxygenases. however, the conformational elucidation of these molecules may be difficult due to their high flexibility. in this context, the current work presents a conformational characterization of ipomotaosides a-d in aqueous and nonaqueous solvents. the employed protocol includes metadyna ...201424879586
exploring the polyadenylated rna virome of sweet potato through high-throughput sequencing.viral diseases are the second most significant biotic stress for sweet potato, with yield losses reaching 20% to 40%. over 30 viruses have been reported to infect sweet potato around the world, and 11 of these have been detected in china. most of these viruses were detected by traditional detection approaches that show disadvantages in detection throughput. next-generation sequencing technology provides a novel, high sensitive method for virus detection and diagnosis.201424901789
agroinfection of sweet potato by vacuum infiltration of an infectious sweepovirus.sweepovirus is an important monopartite begomovirus that infects plants of the genus ipomoea worldwide. development of artificial infection methods for sweepovirus using agroinoculation is a highly efficient means of studying infectivity in sweet potato. unlike other begomoviruses, it has proven difficult to infect sweet potato plants with sweepoviruses using infectious clones. a novel sweepovirus, called sweet potato leaf curl virus-jiangsu (splcv-js), was recently identified in china. in addit ...201424903591
digestibility and structural properties of thermal and high hydrostatic pressure treated sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l.) protein.this study assessed the effects of thermal (40, 60, 80, 100 and 127 °c) and high hydrostatic pressure (hhp, 200, 400 and 600 mpa) treatments on the in vitro digestibility and structural properties of sweet potato protein (spp). the results showed that the in vitro digestibility of spp increased significantly with increasing heating temperature and heating time (0-60 min), while hhp treatment had little or no effect. native spp denaturation temperature (t d ) and enthalpy change (δh) were 89.0 °c ...201424913513
sweet potato (ipomoea batatas [l.] lam)--a valuable medicinal food: a review.ipomoea batatas (l.) lam, also known as sweet potato, is an extremely versatile and delicious vegetable that possesses high nutritional value. it is also a valuable medicinal plant having anti-cancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. sweet potato is now considered a valuable source of unique natural products, including some that can be used in the development of medicines against various diseases and in making industrial products. the overall objective of this review is to give a ...201424921903
mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from tea field soil using bioaugmentation with a trichoderma viride biofertilizer.land-use conversion from woodlands to tea fields in subtropical areas of central china leads to increased nitrous oxide (n2o) emissions, partly due to increased nitrogen fertilizer use. a field investigation of n2o using a static closed chamber-gas chromatography revealed that the average n2o fluxes in tea fields with 225 kg n ha(-1) yr(-1) fertilizer application were 9.4 ± 6.2 times higher than those of woodlands. accordingly, it is urgent to develop practices for mitigating n2o emissions from ...201424955418
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