Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| purification, characterization, and localization of linamarase in cassava. | we have purified cassava (manihot esculenta) linamarase to apparent homogeneity using a simplified extraction procedure using low ph phosphate buffer. three isozymes of cassava linamarase were identified in leaves based on differences in isoelectric point. the enzyme is capable of hydrolyzing a number of beta-glycosides in addition to linamarin. the enzyme is unusually stable and has a temperature optimum of 55 degrees c. immunogold labeling studies indicate that linamarase is localized in the c ... | 1990 | 16667431 |
| isoelectric focusing of cassava protoplasts. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) protoplast was analyzed by using isoelectric focusing techniques. two populations, representing 68 and 32% of the total sample, with mean isoelectric points of 4.48 and 4.60, were obtained using mesophyll protoplasts. the use of this technique allows demonstration of a discontinuous distribution of protoplast isoelectric point from one species according to their surface potential. | 1991 | 16667975 |
| biofortification of essential nutritional compounds and trace elements in rice and cassava. | plant biotechnology can make important contributions to food security and nutritional improvement. for example, the development of 'golden rice' by professor ingo potrykus was a milestone in the application of gene technology to deliver both increased nutritional qualities and health improvement to wide sections of the human population. mineral nutrient and protein deficiency as well as food security remain the most important challenges for developing countries. current projects are addressing t ... | 2006 | 16672076 |
| digestibility and digestive organ development in indigenous and improved chickens and ducks fed diets with increasing inclusion levels of cassava leaf meal. | growing indigenous cambodian chickens and ducks, and broiler chickens and white pekin ducks were fed diets containing 0%, 7%, 14% and 20% of cassava leaf meal (clm) to study the effects of clm level on diet digestibility and gastrointestinal tract (git) and organ development. the coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (cttad) of dry matter (dm) and intake of digestible dm decreased with increased dietary clm. dm and digestible dm intake was higher for local breeds than for the corresp ... | 2006 | 16684144 |
| altering glucosinolate profiles modulates disease resistance in plants. | plant diseases are major contributing factors for crop loss in agriculture. here, we show that arabidopsis plants with high levels of novel glucosinolates (gss) as a result of the introduction of single cyp79 genes exhibit altered disease resistance. arabidopsis expressing cyp79d2 from cassava accumulated aliphatic isopropyl and methylpropyl gs, and showed enhanced resistance against the bacterial soft-rot pathogen erwinia carotovora, whereas arabidopsis expressing the sorghum cyp79a1 or over-ex ... | 2006 | 16709192 |
| enzymatic modification of cassava starch by bacterial lipase. | enzymatic modification of starch using long chain fatty acid makes it thermoplastic suitable for a myriad of industrial applications. an industrial lipase preparation produced by burkholderia cepacia (lipase ps) was used for modification of cassava starch with two acyl donors, lauric acid and palmitic acid. reactions performed with palmitic acid by liquid-state and microwave esterification gave a degree of substitution (ds) of 62.08% (ds 1.45) and 42.06% (ds 0.98), respectively. thermogravimetri ... | 2006 | 16736230 |
| molecular ecology and emergence of tropical plant viruses. | an appreciation of the risks caused by emergent plant viruses is critical in tropical areas that rely heavily on agriculture for subsistence and rural livelihood. molecular ecology, within 10 years, has unraveled the factors responsible for the emergence of several of the economically most important tropical plant viruses: rice yellow mottle virus (rymv), cassava mosaic geminiviruses (cmgs), maize streak virus (msv), and banana streak virus (bsv). a large range of mechanisms--most unsuspected un ... | 2006 | 16784403 |
| lipid microencapsulation in starch. | short microwave heating of granular potato, waxy corn and tapioca starches with such lipids as cis-9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid), octadecanoic acid (stearic acid), ethyl cis-9-octadecenoate, ethyl cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoate and methyl octadecanoate provided microcapsules in which encapsulated guest molecules did not interact with starch microcapsules. on the formation of microcapsules, the lipid guest molecules did not react to starches. t ... | 2006 | 16801245 |
| retrograded tapioca starch prevents ovarian hormone deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia. | the purpose of this study was to examine whether retrograded tapioca starch (rs3-tapioca) prevents ovarian hormone deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia. six-month-old wistar female rats were subjected to sham-operation or ovariectomy, and fed a cholesterol-free purified diet with or without rs3-tapioca (150 g/kg diet) instead of digestible cornstarch for 28 d. body weight gain and food intake increased in ovariectomized rats (ovx-rats). plasma total cholesterol concentration was lowered by rs ... | 2006 | 16802694 |
| the unitarian hypothesis for the aetiology of diabetes mellitus. | over the years, several clinical syndromes have been described in diabetes mellitus. although world opinion has settled somewhat on the main two types, the debate continues as to how the 'formes frustes' syndromes fit in and what if any implications there are for the accepted aetiology of the disease. type 1, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, results from pancreatic inadequacy as a result of a variety of insults such as autoimmune attack, toxic damage, etc. insulin administration is at the co ... | 2006 | 16806731 |
| the use of biolistic inoculation of cassava mosaic begomoviruses in screening cassava for resistance to cassava mosaic disease. | inoculation of cassava with infectious clones of cassava mosaic geminiviruses (geminiviridae: begomovirus) and total dna extracts from plants infected with well-characterised viruses was evaluated using the bio-rad helios gene gun system. total dna extracts from infected plants and cloned viruses were produced for coating gold particles and bombardment onto new cassava genotypes, 96/1089a, 96/1039, 96/0160, 96/0304 and three local landraces tme 117, tme 3 and tme 4. cloned dna of a kenyan isolat ... | 2006 | 16839615 |
| isolation of lactic acid bacteria from malaysian foods and assessment of the isolates for industrial potential. | two traditional fermented food 'tapai' (fermented tapioca) and 'tempoyak' (fermented durian flesh), chilli puree and fresh goat's milk were used as sources for the isolation of lactic acid bacteria (lab). a total of 126 isolates were obtained and by sequential screening for catalase activity and gram-staining, 55 were determined to be lab out of which 16 were established to be homofermentative by the gel plug test. seven isolates were identified by use of the api 50chl kit and two lactobacilli s ... | 2007 | 16872826 |
| cancer and non-cancer health risk from eating cassava grown in some mining communities in ghana. | food crops such as cassava, cocoyam and other tuber crops grown in mining communities uptake toxic or hazardous chemicals such as arsenic, and cadmium, from the soil. cassava is a stable food for ghanaians. this study evaluated human health risk from eating cassava grown in some mining communities in ghana such as bogoso, prestea, tarkwa and tamso, which are important mining towns in the western region of ghana. the study evaluated cancer and non-cancer health effects from eating cassava grown i ... | 2006 | 16897532 |
| development of suspending agent from sodium carboxymethyl mungbean starches. | three sodium carboxymethyl mungbean starches (scmmss) were selected, based on the physicochemical profiles and evaluated as potential pharmaceutical suspending agent in comparison with a sodium carboxymethyl tapioca starch and other five commercial suspending agents. ibuprofen suspension was employed as a model formulation with 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% w/v of suspending agents. evaluation parameters included the determination of sedimentation volume ratio, redispersibility, viscosity and rheological p ... | 2006 | 16908418 |
| evaluation of solid and submerged fermentations for the production of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase by paenibacillus campinasensis h69-3 and characterization of crude enzyme. | cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase) is an enzyme that produces cyclodextrins from starch by an intramolecular transglycosylation reaction. cyclodextrins have been shown to have a number of applications in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. in the current study, the production of cgtase by paenibacillus campinasensis strain h69-3 was examined in submerged and solid-state fermentations. p. campinasensis strain h69-3 was isolated from the soil, which grows at 45 degr ... | 2006 | 16915643 |
| production of insoluble exopolysaccharide of agrobacterium sp. (atcc 31749 and ifo 13140). | agrobacterium isolated from soil samples produced two extracellular polysaccharides: succinoglycan, an acidic soluble polymer, and curdlan gum, a neutral, insoluble polymer. maize glucose, cassava glucose, and maize maltose were used in fermentation medium to produce insoluble polysaccharide. two agrobacterium sp. strains which were used (atcc 31749 and ifo 13140) in the production of insoluble exopolysaccharide presented equal or superior yields compared to the literature. the strain atcc 31749 ... | 2006 | 16915694 |
| simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cassava bagasse for l-(+)-lactic acid production using lactobacilli. | saccharification and fermentation of cassava (manihot esculenta) bagasse was carried out in a single step for the production of l-(+)-lactic acid by lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus delbrueckii. using 15.5% w/v of cassava bagasse as the raw material, a maximum starch to lactic acid conversion of 96% was obtained with l. casei with a productivity rate of 1.40 mg/mlxh and maximum yield of 83.8 mg/ml. it was 94% with l. delbrueckii with a productivity rate of 1.36 mg/mlxh and maximum yield of ... | 2006 | 16960284 |
| genetic diversity and phylogeography of cassava mosaic viruses in kenya. | cassava is a major factor in food security across sub-saharan africa. however, the crop is susceptible to losses due to biotic stresses, in particular to viruses of the genus begomovirus (family geminiviridae) that cause cassava mosaic disease (cmd). during the 1990s, an epidemic of cmd severely hindered cassava production across eastern and central africa. a significant influence on the appearance of virus epidemics is virus diversity. here, a survey of the genetic diversity of cmd-associated b ... | 2006 | 16963765 |
| bemnisia tabaci feeding induces pathogenesis-related proteins in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | cassava (manihot esculenta cranzts) plants fed upon by whitefly bemisia tabaci showed increased levels of pathogenesis-related (pr) proteins, such as beta-1, 3-glucanase, peroxidase and chitinase activities, as compared to uninfested plants. the enzymes increased in specific activities from 2 to 7 fold and protein content in leaf extracts decreased in whitefly-infested plants, compared to uninfested plants. among the three pr proteins, b. tabaci feeding induced significantly higher beta-1, 3-glu ... | 2006 | 16967908 |
| cassava mosaic virus disease in east and central africa: epidemiology and management of a regional pandemic. | 2006 | 17027685 | |
| cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | during the last three years the generation of stably transformed cassava plants having value-added traits has become a reality. currently, two agrobacterium-mediated transformation systems are routinely used to engineer cassava. these systems use either somatic embryos or friable embryogenic calli. this paper presents detailed protocols for the transformation of cassava using primary somatic embryos. the effects of explant types, tissue culture conditions, and bacterial and plasmid related facto ... | 2006 | 17033047 |
| digestibility of resistant starch containing preparations using two in vitro models. | resistant starch (rs) is known for potential health benefits in the human colon. to investigate these positive effects it is important to be able to predict the amount, and the structure of starch reaching the large intestine. | 2006 | 17036261 |
| protein-energy supplements to preserve nutritional status of sugar cane cutters. | sugar cane cutters in south-eastern brazil are temporarily hired for the harvest period of 8 months. they often have minimal benefits and may not receive adequate nutrition. | 2006 | 17043088 |
| removal of potassium from tuberous root vegetables by leaching. | to determine analytically the amount of potassium in raw tuberous root vegetables (trv); to estimate the amount of potassium that can be leached from raw trv by soaking in water; and to determine whether the duration of soaking and the cooking method selected affect potassium extraction. | 2006 | 17046614 |
| tissue and cell tropism of indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv) and its av2 (precoat) gene product. | in order to establish defined viruses for challenging plants in resistance breeding programmes, indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv; family geminiviridae) dna clones were modified to monitor viral spread in plants by replacing the coat protein gene with the green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter gene. comparative in situ hybridization experiments showed that icmv was restricted to the phloem in cassava and tobacco. gfp-tagged virus spread similarly, resulting in homogeneous fluorescence within n ... | 2007 | 17049959 |
| cassava-enriched diet is not diabetogenic rather it aggravates diabetes in rats. | chronic intake of cassava has been thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. we investigated the effects of dietary cassava (manihot esculenta), which naturally contains cyanogenic glycosides, in the progression of diabetes mellitus in rats. diabetes was induced by five mild doses of streptozotocin, in male wistar rats which were fed a standard or cyanide-free cassava (cfc) diet containing or not containing exogenous cyanide with or without methionine. methionine was employed to co ... | 2006 | 17109651 |
| deletion and recombination events between the dna-a and dna-b components of indian cassava-infecting geminiviruses generate defective molecules in nicotiana benthamiana. | cloned dna-b components, belonging to the bipartite begomoviruses indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv) and sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv), family geminiviridae, when co-inoculated along with previously cloned dna-a components of the respective viruses onto the experimental host nicotiana benthamiana, generated defective dnas (def-dna) ranging in size from 549 to 1555 nucleotides. all the cloned def-dnas contained the common region (cr) as well as portions of either dna-a or dna-b and, in ... | 2007 | 17109983 |
| determination of the maximum water solubility of eight native starches and the solubility of their acidic-methanol and -ethanol modified analogues. | the maximum water solubilities of eight native starches from potato, shoti, tapioca, maize, waxy maize, amylomaize-7, wheat, and rice and their acid-methanol and acid-ethanol modified analogues have been determined. maximum solubilities of 18.7 and 17.4 mg/ml were obtained for waxy maize and tapioca and 12.4 mg/ml for potato and maize starches by autoclaving 220 mg/10 ml at 121 degrees c; 8.7 mg/ml was obtained for shoti starch by stirring in 85:15 (v/v) me(2)so-h(2)o at 20 degrees c; and 7.0 an ... | 2007 | 17112491 |
| the oligomeric rep protein of mungbean yellow mosaic india virus (mymiv) is a likely replicative helicase. | geminiviruses replicate by rolling circle mode of replication (rcr) and the viral rep protein initiates rcr by the site-specific nicking at a conserved nonamer (taatatt downward arrow ac) sequence. the mechanism of subsequent steps of the replication process, e.g. helicase activity to drive fork-elongation, etc. has largely remained obscure. here we show that rep of a geminivirus, namely, mungbean yellow mosaic india virus (mymiv), acts as a replicative helicase. the rep-helicase, requiring > or ... | 2006 | 17142233 |
| the use of rocks to improve family agriculture in brazil. | during the second half of the 20th century, the introduction of new chemical agriculture technologies brought about a revolution in food production, but this has also cause deep deterioration in our relationships with the natural environment. in developing tropical countries, record yields were accompanied by rural exodus, widespread deforestation and loss of topsoil. the stonemeal research described herein is an alternative to such practices as it is an environmental friendly and socially respo ... | 2006 | 17143408 |
| reduction of starch granule size by expression of an engineered tandem starch-binding domain in potato plants. | granule size is an important parameter when using starch in industrial applications. an artificial tandem repeat of a family 20 starch-binding domain (sbd2) was engineered by two copies of the sbd derived from bacillus circulans cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase via the pro-thr-rich linker peptide from xyn10a from cellulomonas fimi. sbd2 and a single sbd were introduced into the amylose-free potato mutant, amf, using appropriate signal sequences. the accumulation of sbd2 into transgenic starch gr ... | 2004 | 17147616 |
| over-expression of hydroxynitrile lyase in transgenic cassava roots accelerates cyanogenesis and food detoxification. | cassava (manihot esculenta, crantz) roots are the primary source of calories for more than 500 million people, the majority of whom live in the developing countries of africa. cassava leaves and roots contain potentially toxic levels of cyanogenic glycosides. consumption of residual cyanogens (linamarin or acetone cyanohydrin) in incompletely processed cassava roots can cause cyanide poisoning. hydroxynitrile lyase (hnl), which catalyses the conversion of acetone cyanohydrin to cyanide, is expre ... | 2004 | 17166141 |
| resistance to cassava mosaic disease in transgenic cassava expressing antisense rnas targeting virus replication genes. | african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) is a major contributor to cassava mosaic disease (cmd), the economically most important and devastating disease of cassava in africa. we have developed transgenic cassava plants with increased acmv resistance using improved antisense rna technology by targeting the viral mrnas of rep (ac1), trap (ac2) and ren (ac3). viral dna replication assays in detached leaves demonstrated that replication of two acmv isolates was strongly reduced or inhibited in most trans ... | 2005 | 17173627 |
| biodegradation of atrazine in transgenic plants expressing a modified bacterial atrazine chlorohydrolase (atza) gene. | atrazine is one of the most widely used herbicides in the usa. atrazine chlorohydrolase (atza), the first enzyme in a six-step pathway leading to the mineralization of atrazine in gram-negative soil bacteria, catalyses the hydrolytic dechlorination and detoxification of atrazine to hydroxyatrazine. in this study, we investigated the potential use of transgenic plants expressing atza to take up, dechlorinate and detoxify atrazine. alfalfa, arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco were transformed with a ... | 2005 | 17173634 |
| cyclodextrin production by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans df 9r. | cyclodextrins (cd) are cyclic oligosaccharides with multiple applications in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural and chemical industries. in this work, the conditions used to produce cd with cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans df 9r were optimized using experimental designs. the developed method allowed the partial purification and concentration of the enzyme from the cultural broth and, subsequently, the cd production, using the same cassava starch as enzyme ad ... | 2007 | 17174549 |
| genetic modification of cassava for enhanced starch production. | to date, transgenic approaches to biofortify subsistence crops have been rather limited. this is particularly true for the starchy root crop cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). cassava has one of the highest rates of co(2) fixation and sucrose synthesis for any c3 plant, but rarely reaches its yield potentials in the field. it was our hypothesis that starch production in cassava tuberous roots could be increased substantially by increasing the sink strength for carbohydrate. to test this hypothe ... | 2006 | 17177810 |
| molecular monitoring of microbial population dynamics during operational periods of anaerobic hybrid reactor treating cassava starch wastewater. | this study characterized the microbial community and population dynamics in an anaerobic hybrid reactor (ahr) treating cassava starch wastewater. methanogens and nonmethanogens were followed during the start-up and operation of the reactor, and linked to operational and performance data. biomass samples taken from the sludge bed and packed bed zones of the ahr at intervals throughout the operational period were examined by 16s rrna fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). the start-up seed and ... | 2007 | 17186142 |
| survival and growth of foodborne pathogens during cooking and storage of oriental-style rice cakes. | fresh cooked rice cakes for retail sale are typically held at room temperature because refrigeration dramatically reduces their quality. room temperature, high water activity, and a ph of > 4.6 provided an environment conducive to pathogen growth. to date, no studies have been published regarding survival and growth of foodborne pathogens in fresh cooked rice cakes. this study was undertaken to investigate the effect of steam cooking on foodborne pathogens and their subsequent growth in five var ... | 2006 | 17186677 |
| characterisation and biochemical properties of predominant lactic acid bacteria from fermenting cassava for selection as starter cultures. | a total of 375 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from fermenting cassava in south africa, benin, kenya and germany, and were characterised by phenotypic and genotypic tests. these could be divided into five main groups comprising strains of facultatively heterofermentative rods, obligately heterofermentative rods, heterofermentative cocci, homofermentative cocci and obligately homofermentative rods, in decreasing order of predominance. most of the facultatively heterofermentative rods were iden ... | 2007 | 17188771 |
| linamarase activities in bacillus spp. responsible for thermophilic aerobic digestion of agricultural wastes for animal nutrition. | thermophilic bacillus spp. isolated from thermophilic aerobic digestion (tad) of model agricultural slurry were screened for ability to secret linamarase activity and degrade linamarin, a cyanogenic glycoside toxin abundant in cassava. screening was performed by both linamarin - picrate assay and by p-nitrophenyl beta-d-glucoside (pnpg) degradation, and results of both assays were related. linamarase positive isolates were identified as bacillus coagulans, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus ste ... | 2007 | 17207614 |
| tropical whitefly ipm project. | the tropical whitefly ipm project (twfp) is an initiative of the systemwide ipm programme of the consultative group on international agricultural research (cgiar), financed by the department for international development (dfid) of the united kingdom, the danish international development agency (danida), the united states department of agriculture (usda) and agency for international development (usaid), the australian centre for international agricultural research (aciar), and the new zealand age ... | 2007 | 17222696 |
| holocene fire and occupation in amazonia: records from two lake districts. | while large-scale pre-columbian human occupation and ecological disturbance have been demonstrated close to major amazonian waterways, less is known of sites in terra firme settings. palaeoecological analyses of two lake districts in central and western amazonia reveal long histories of occupation and land use. at both locations, human activity was centred on one of the lakes, while the others were either lightly used or unused. these analyses indicate that the scale of human impacts in these te ... | 2007 | 17255030 |
| beta-carotene from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) leaves improves vitamin a status in rats. | the bioavailability of beta-carotene from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) leaves was assayed in vitamin a deficient wistar rats (rattus norvegicus). rats were separated into three groups and fed with a modified ain-93g--vitamin a deficient--diet. deficient rat received this diet without any additional vitamin a source. controls received the diet with 7200 microg of synthetic beta-carotene (control), while experimentals (test) received 19.5 g of cassava leaves powder per kg of diet. the cassav ... | 2007 | 17261381 |
| in vitro cultured primary roots derived from stem segments of cassava (manihot esculenta) can behave like storage organs. | cassava (manihot esculenta) has three adventitious root types: primary and secondary fibrous roots, and storage roots. different adventitious root types can also regenerate from in vitro cultured segments. the aim of this study was to investigate aspects of in vitro production of storage roots. | 2007 | 17267513 |
| microbiological changes in naturally fermented cassava fish (pseudotolithus sp.) for lanhouin production. | cassava fish (pseudotolithus sp.) was naturally fermented on three different occasions at room temperature (28-30 degrees c) for 3 to 8 days and the microbial population and the occurrence of various bacterial species were monitored. in general, after a slight increase during the early stages of fermentation, the microbial population decreased as the fermentation progressed. a total of 224 isolates belonging to the genera bacillus, staphylococcus, micrococcus, streptococcus, corynebacterim, pseu ... | 2007 | 17291615 |
| improved expression of recombinant gfp using a replicating vector based on beet curly top virus in leaf-disks and infiltrated nicotiana benthamiana leaves. | recombinant green fluorescent protein (gfp) with a molecular mass of 29 kda was transiently expressed in agrobacterium-inoculated leaf-disks prepared from nicotiana benthamiana plants. expression of gfp from the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35 s promoter within a replicating vector based on the geminivirus beet curly top virus (bctv) was more than 3 times higher than from a control, non-replicating vector. use of the cassava vein mosaic virus (csvmv) promoter in the bctv replicating vector in ... | 2007 | 17294255 |
| production of l(+) lactic acid from cassava starch hydrolyzate by immobilized lactobacillus delbrueckii. | a process based on low cost production media was developed for fermentative production of l(+) lactic acid. various process parameters were optimized for the production of l(+) lactic acid from cassava starch hydrolyzate-based medium by immobilized whole cells of lactobacillus delbrueckii. the parameters considered for optimization were concentration of alginate and cacl(2), initial cell concentration, curing time, bead size and incubation time of fermentation. reusability of immobilized cells u ... | 2007 | 17304614 |
| towards identifying the full set of genes expressed during cassava post-harvest physiological deterioration. | storage roots of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) exhibit a rapid post-harvest physiological deterioration (ppd) response that can occur within 24-72 h of harvest. ppd is an enzymatically mediated oxidative process with parallels to plant wound, senescence and defence responses. to characterise those genes that show significant change in expression during the ppd response we have used cdna microarray technology to carry out a large-scale analysis of the cassava root transcriptome during the po ... | 2007 | 17318318 |
| starch grain evidence for the preceramic dispersals of maize and root crops into tropical dry and humid forests of panama. | the central american isthmus was a major dispersal route for plant taxa originally brought under cultivation in the domestication centers of southern mexico and northern south america. recently developed methodologies in the archaeological and biological sciences are providing increasing amounts of data regarding the timing and nature of these dispersals and the associated transition to food production in various regions. one of these methodologies, starch grain analysis, recovers identifiable m ... | 2007 | 17360697 |
| determination of acrylamide levels in selected foods in brazil. | selected carbohydrate-rich foods available on the brazilian market (111 samples representing 19 product categories) were analysed for acrylamide content using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. a limit of detection of 10 microg kg(-1), a limit of quantitation of 20 microg kg(-1) and mean recoveries ranging 100 to 115% were obtained during a laboratory validation procedure. the concentration of acrylamide in the samples ranged from <20 to 2528 microg kg(-1), with a considera ... | 2007 | 17364924 |
| effects of sub-chronic oral cyanide on endothelial function in rabbit aortic rings. | we have investigated how the endothelium affects vascular responses following sub-chronic low dose cyanide administration. cyanide exists in low levels in cassava foods, which are widely consumed in tropical africa. adult rabbits were administered 0.38 mg/kg per day kcn po for 25 days, and responses of the isolated aortic rings to noradrenaline (na), calcium chloride (ca2+) and acetylcholine (ach) were measured in vitro in the presence and absence of the endothelium. in order to establish that t ... | 2007 | 17370868 |
| infectivity, pseudorecombination and mutagenesis of kenyan cassava mosaic begomoviruses. | cloned dna-a and dna-b components of kenyan isolates of east african cassava mosaic virus (eacmv, eacmv-ug and eacmv-ke2), east african cassava mosaic kenya virus (eacmkv) and east african cassava mosaic zanzibar virus (eacmzv) are shown to be infectious in cassava. eacmv and eacmkv genomic components have the same iteron sequence (ggggg) and can form viable pseudorecombinants, while eacmzv components have a different sequence (ggaga) and are incompatible with eacmv and eacmkv. mutagenesis of ea ... | 2007 | 17412996 |
| partial characterization and optimization of production of extracellular alpha-amylase from bacillus subtilis isolated from culturable cow dung microflora. | studies of alpha-amylase production by bacillus subtilis (cm3) isolated earlier from cow dung microflora, were carried out. the optimum temperature, ph and incubation period for amylase production were 50-70 degrees c, 5.0-9.0 and 36 h, respectively. enzyme secretion was very similar in the presence of any of the carbon sources tested (soluble starch, potato starch, cassava starch, wheat flour, glucose, fructose, etc.). yeast extract and ammonium acetate (1%) as nitrogen sources gave higher yiel ... | 2006 | 17416065 |
| the consensus n-myristoylation motif of a geminivirus ac4 protein is required for membrane binding and pathogenicity. | some geminiviruses encode a small protein, ac4, whose role in pathogenesis has only recently attracted attention. a few studies have shown that this protein is involved in pathogenesis and suppresses rna silencing. here, using nicotiana benthamiana, we show that east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus (eacmcv) ac4 is a pathogenicity determinant and that it suppresses the systemic phase of rna silencing. furthermore, confocal imaging analyses show that it binds preferentially to the plasma mem ... | 2007 | 17427808 |
| transgenic cassava resistance to african cassava mosaic virus is enhanced by viral dna-a bidirectional promoter-derived sirnas. | expression of double-stranded rna (dsrna) homologous to virus sequences can effectively interfere with rna virus infection in plant cells by triggering rna silencing. here we applied this approach against a dna virus, african cassava mosaic virus (acmv), in its natural host cassava. transgenic cassava plants were developed to express small interfering rnas (sirna) from a camv 35s promoter-controlled, intron-containing dsrna cognate to the common region-containing bidirectional promoter of acmv d ... | 2007 | 17492253 |
| effect of the addition of nitrogen sources to cassava fiber and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios on agaricus brasiliensis growth. | the same substratum formulation to grow agaricus bisporus has been used to grow agaricus brasiliensis since its culture started in brazil. despite being different species, many of the same rules have been used for composting or axenic cultivation when it comes to nitrogen content and source in the substrate. the aim of this study was to verify the mycelial growth of a. brasiliensis in different ammonium sulfate and (or) urea concentrations added to cassava fiber and different carbon-to-nitrogen ... | 2007 | 17496959 |
| agricultural biotechnology and its contribution to the global knowledge economy. | the theory of neoclassical welfare economics largely shaped international and national agricultural policies during the cold war period. it treated technology as an exogenous factor that could boost agricultural productivity but not necessarily sustainable agriculture. new growth theory, the economic theory of the new knowledge economy, treats technological change as endogenous and argues that intangible assets such as human capital and knowledge are the drivers of sustainable economic developme ... | 2007 | 17522821 |
| characterization of an 18,166 est dataset for cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) enriched for drought-responsive genes. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a staple food for over 600 million people in the tropics and subtropics and is increasingly used as an industrial crop for starch production. cassava has a high growth rate under optimal conditions but also performs well in drought-prone areas and on marginal soils. to increase the tools for understanding and manipulating drought tolerance in cassava, we generated expressed sequence tags (ests) from normalized cdna libraries prepared from dehydration-stresse ... | 2007 | 17541599 |
| systemic inflammation in morbidly obese subjects: response to oral supplementation with alpha-linolenic acid. | morbidly obese patients frequently display asymptomatic chronic activation of acute phase response, with potentially adverse metabolic and cardiovascular consequences. nutritional preparations to improve this phenomenon have rarely been administered. aiming to investigate the supplementation of flaxseed flour, a source of omega-3 fatty acids, a prospective randomized double-blind cross-over study was designed. | 2007 | 17546842 |
| role of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins in resistance of pearl millet against downy mildew pathogen sclerospora graminicola. | hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (hrgps) are important plant cell wall components involved in plant defense response to pathogen attack. in the present study, a resistant pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum) cultivar, ip18292, was compared with a susceptible cultivar, 7042s, to investigate the contribution of hrgps in the successful defense against the phytopathogenic oomycete s. graminicola. northern hybridization using mehrgp cdna, a heterologous probe from cassava, indicated steady accumulation ... | 2007 | 17554553 |
| an experimental study of vermi-biowaste composting for agricultural soil improvement. | vermitechnology was investigated as a means of reducing organic waste materials. vermicomposting conditions were optimized to convert the biowastes to nutritious composts for amending agricultural soil. studies were undertaken to select the most suitable earthworm species for vermicomposting, to enrich vermicompost by inoculation with beneficial microbes, to standardize an economically feasible method of vermicomposting, to achieve nutrient economy through vermicompost application in acid soils ... | 2008 | 17560781 |
| cytotoxicity of purified cassava linamarin to a selected cancer cell lines. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a known source of linamarin, but difficulties associated with its isolation have prevented it from being exploited as a major source. a batch adsorption process using activated carbon proved successful in its isolation, with ultrafiltration playing a pivotal role in its purification. thirty-two minutes of contact time was required for 60 g of extract, yielding 1.7 g of purified product. picrate paper, infra-red and 'hnmr analysis confirmed the presence and s ... | 2007 | 17566787 |
| the effects of short-term feeding of fresh cassava (manihot esculenta) foliage on gastrointestinal nematode parasite infections in goats in cambodia. | the antiparasitic effect of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) was tested in goats artificially infected with gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes. each experimental group consisted of 6 pen-fed goats kept on a slatted floor. the treatments compared were: 1) controls fed grass only, 2) cassava replaced grass for 3 weeks from the commencement of larval dosing period, and 3) cassava replaced grass for 3 weeks after the worm infection was patent. a total of 2000 mixed-species infective nematode lar ... | 2007 | 17568377 |
| polyurethane foam as an inert carrier for the production of l(+)-lactic acid by lactobacillus casei under solid-state fermentation. | production of l-lactic acid in solid-state fermentation (ssf) using polyurethane foam (puf) as inert support moistened with cassava bagasse starch hydrolysate. | 2007 | 17576217 |
| anaerobic pond treatment of wastewater containing sulphate. | anaerobic ponds are usually used for treatment of industrial and agricultural wastes which contain high organic matter and sulphate. competition for substrate between sulphate reducing bacteria and methane producing archaea, and the inhibitory effects of sulphide produced from microbial sulphate reduction reported in the literature varied considerably. in this research, a laboratory scale column-in-series anaerobic pond reactor, consisting of five cylindrical columns of acrylic tubes, was operat ... | 2007 | 17591216 |
| full chain energy analysis of fuel ethanol from cassava in thailand. | an assessment of net energy and supply potentials was performed to evaluate cassava utilization for fuel ethanol in thailand. just recently, the thai government approved the construction of 12 cassava ethanol plants with the total output of 3.4 million liters per day by the next 2 years (2007 and 2008). the cassava fuel ethanol (cfe) system involves three main segments: cassava cultivation including processing, ethanol conversion, and transportation. all materials, fuels, and human labor inputs ... | 2007 | 17612202 |
| insights on the evolution of a vegetatively propagated crop species. | the opportunity for gene flow between a vegetatively propagated crop and its wild relatives is expected to be much lower than for seed-propagated crops, since sexual reproduction in the crop occurs only infrequently. a study by duputié and colleagues now demonstrates evidence of sexual reproduction between a vegetatively propagated crop and a closely related wild congener. working in french guiana, these workers have documented a hybrid zone arising from introgression between cassava (manihot es ... | 2007 | 17614898 |
| natural hybridization between a clonally propagated crop, cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) and a wild relative in french guiana. | because domestication rarely leads to speciation, domesticated populations often hybridize with wild relatives when they occur in close proximity. little work has focused on this question in clonally propagated crops. if selection on the capacity for sexual reproduction has been relaxed, these crops would not be expected to hybridize with their wild relatives as frequently as seed-propagated crops. cassava is one of the most important clonally propagated plants in tropical agriculture. gene flow ... | 2007 | 17614915 |
| digestibility and nitrogen retention of diets containing different levels of fibre in local (mong cai), f1 (mong cai x yorkshire) and exotic (landrace x yorkshire) growing pigs in vietnam. | total tract digestibility and nitrogen retention of three diets containing different levels of fibre [200, 260 and 320 g/kg neutral detergent fibre (ndf) in dry matter] were determined in three breeds of growing pig at an initial age of approximately 3.5 months. the breeds were local (mong cai, mc), f1 crossbred (mc x yorkshire) and exotic (landrace x yorkshire, ly), allocated at random within breed (block) to double 3 x 3 latin squares. the main fibrous ingredients of the experimental diets wer ... | 2007 | 17615000 |
| cassava starch fermentation wastewater: characterization and preliminary toxicological studies. | cassava starch fermentation wastewater is an industrial residue composed mainly of lactic acid bacteria with predominance of the genera lactobacillus, and organic acids. to evaluate the safety of this residue for possible production of probiotic beverages, acute in mice and sub-chronic (28-day repeated dose) toxicity studies in rats were carried. the administration of a single dose of 5 g/kg/body weight did not produce mortality in mice. rats treated with water containing 0 (control), 25%, 50%, ... | 2007 | 17637494 |
| autism: transient in utero hypothyroxinemia related to maternal flavonoid ingestion during pregnancy and to other environmental antithyroid agents. | the incidence and prevalence of autism have increased during the past two decades. despite comprehensive genetic studies the cause of autism remains unknown. this review emphasizes the potential importance of environmental factors in its causation. alterations of cortical neuronal migration and cerebellar purkinje cells have been observed in autism. neuronal migration, via reelin regulation, requires triiodothyronine (t3) produced by deiodination of thyroxine (t4) by fetal brain deiodinases. exp ... | 2007 | 17651757 |
| discovery of an amylose-free starch mutant in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | one of the objectives of the cassava-breeding project at ciat is the identification of clones with special root quality characteristics. a large number of self-pollinations have been made in search of useful recessive traits. during 2006 harvests an s1 plant produced roots that stained brownish-red when treated with an iodine solution, suggesting that it had lower-than-normal levels of amylose in its starch. colorimetric and dsc measurements indicated low levels (3.4%) and an absence of amylose ... | 2007 | 17696358 |
| yeast diversity in rice-cassava fermentations produced by the indigenous tapirapé people of brazil. | the tapirapé people of the tapi'itãwa tribe of brazil produce several fermented foods and beverages, one of which is called 'cauim'. this beverage usually makes up the main staple food for adults and children. several substrates are used in its production, including cassava, rice, corn, maize and peanuts. a fermentation using rice and cassava was conducted, and samples were collected at 4-h intervals for microbial analysis. the yeast population was low at the beginning of the fermentation and re ... | 2007 | 17697080 |
| changes in carbohydrate metabolism by triazole growth regulators in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz); effects on tuber production and quality. | we have evaluated the ability of two triazole growth regulators, viz. triadimefon (tdm) and hexaconazole (hex), in the enhancement of tuber production and quality in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) through their effects on carbohydrate metabolism. one litre of 20 mg(-1) tdm and 15 mg(-1) hex solution per plant were used for the treatments and groundwater was given to control plants. triazole treatments reduced plant height and leaf area, but increased fresh and dry weights. plants treated wit ... | 2007 | 17720581 |
| the role of biotechnology for agricultural sustainability in africa. | sub-saharan africa could have a shortfall of nearly 90mt of cereals by the year 2025 if current agricultural practices are maintained. biotechnology is one of the ways to improve agricultural production. insect-resistant varieties of maize and cotton suitable for the subcontinent have been identified as already having a significant impact. virus-resistant crops are under development. these include maize resistant to the african endemic maize streak virus and cassava resistant to african cassava ... | 2008 | 17761472 |
| quantitative trait loci controlling cyanogenic glucoside and dry matter content in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) roots. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a starchy root crop grown in the tropics mainly by small-scale farmers even though agro-industrial processing is rapidly increasing. for this processing market improved varieties with high dry matter root content (dmc) is required. potentially toxic cyanogenic glucosides are synthesized in the leaves and translocated to the roots. selection for varieties with low cyanogenic glucoside potential (cnp) and high dmc is among the principal objectives in cassava b ... | 2007 | 17850597 |
| microbial population present in fermented beverage 'cauim' produced by brazilian amerindians. | the tapirapé amerindians of the tapi'itãwa tribe produce several fermented foods and beverages among them the beverage called 'cauim'. this beverage is the main staple food for infants until two years old and their parents. for producing the beverage, several substrates are used, such as: cassava, rice, corn, maize and peanuts. the fermentation using mainly cassava was accomplished and samples were collected for chemical and microbiological analysis. a progressive acidification during the fermen ... | 2007 | 17888538 |
| [thyroid diseases in sub-saharan africa]. | thyroid gland diseases vary according to the environment. in sub-saharan africa, they are also influenced by population isolation and the absence of food self-sufficiency, both factors affecting the onset and persistence of iodine-deficiency goiters. more cosmopolitan diseases are now added to these thyroid disorders. women are mainly affected (94.2%), most often with euthyroid goiters (54.7%), followed by graves disease (13.1%), hypothyroidism (8.8%), thyroiditis (6.6%), toxic multinodular goit ... | 2013 | 17897900 |
| pattern of hospital admissions of children with poisoning in the sudano-sahelian north eastern nigeria. | poisoning is a major problem in the paediatric population. in view of the paucity of literature on the subject matter in the northeastern part of nigeria, this retrospective study was undertaken to describe the epidemiological features of accidental poisoning in children less than 13 years old who were admitted to the emergency paediatrics unit (epu) of the university of maiduguri teaching hospital (umth), maiduguri. the specific objectives included the determination of the age range most vulner ... | 2007 | 17902501 |
| alpha-amylase production by bacillus subtilis cm3 in solid state fermentation using cassava fibrous residue. | in extraction of starch from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), one of the major solid waste released is fibrous residues which constitute 15-20% by weight of the cassava chips/tuber processed. production of alpha -amylase under solid state fermentation by bacillus subtilis cm3 has been investigated using cassava fibrous residue. response surface methodology (rsm) was used to evaluate the effect of the main variables, i.e. incubation period, initial medium ph, moisture holding capacity and temp ... | 2007 | 17910107 |
| dark hydrogen fermentation from hydrolyzed starch treated with recombinant amylase originating from caldimonas taiwanensis on1. | starch is one of the most abundant resources on earth and is suited to serve as a cost-effective feedstock for biological hydrogen production. however, producing hydrogen from direct fermentation of starch is usually inefficient, as the starch hydrolysis is often the rate-limiting step. therefore, in the present work, enzymatic starch hydrolysis was conducted to enhance the feasibility of using starch feedstock for h2 production. the amylase (with a molecular weight of ca. 112 kda) used for star ... | 2007 | 17924646 |
| evidence of thermostable amylolytic activity from rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis using wheat bran and corncob as alternative carbon source. | rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis produced high levels of alpha-amylase and glucoamylase under solid state fermentation, with several agricultural residues, such as wheat bran, cassava flour, sugar cane bagasse, rice straw, corncob and crushed corncob as carbon sources. these materials were humidified with distilled water, tap water, or saline solutions--segato rizzatti (sr), khanna or vogel. the best substrate for amylase production was wheat bran with sr saline solution (1:2 v/v). amyl ... | 2008 | 17940804 |
| genetic analysis of maize streak virus isolates from uganda reveals widespread distribution of a recombinant variant. | maize streak virus (msv) contributes significantly to the problem of extremely low african maize yields. whilst a diverse range of msv and msv-like viruses are endemic in sub-saharan africa and neighbouring islands, only a single group of maize-adapted variants - msv subtypes a(1)-a(6) - causes severe enough disease in maize to influence yields substantially. in order to assist in designing effective strategies to control msv in maize, a large survey covering 155 locations was conducted to asses ... | 2007 | 17947543 |
| classification of cassava starch films by physicochemical properties and water vapor permeability quantification by ftir and pls. | cassava starches are widely used in the production of biodegradable films, but their resistance to humidity migration is very low. in this work, commercial cassava starch films were studied and classified according to their physicochemical properties. a nondestructive method for water vapor permeability determination, which combines with infrared spectroscopy and multivariate calibration, is also presented. the following commercial cassava starches were studied: pregelatinized (amidomax 3550), c ... | 2007 | 17995770 |
| begomovirus 'melting pot' in the south-west indian ocean islands: molecular diversity and evolution through recombination. | during the last few decades, many virus species have emerged, often forming dynamic complexes within which viruses share common hosts and rampantly exchange genetic material through recombination. begomovirus species complexes are common and represent serious agricultural threats. characterization of species complex diversity has substantially contributed to our understanding of both begomovirus evolution, and the ecological and epidemiological processes involved in the emergence of new viral pa ... | 2007 | 18024917 |
| mapping est-derived ssrs and ests involved in resistance to bacterial blight in manihot esculenta. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a major root crop widely grown in the tropics. cassava bacterial blight, caused by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam), is an important disease in latin america and africa resulting in significant losses. the preferred control method is the use of resistant genotypes. mapping expressed sequence tags (ests) and determining their co-localization with quantitative trait loci (qtls) may give additional evidence of the role of the corresponding genes in re ... | 2007 | 18059536 |
| biochemical changes in micro-fungi fermented cassava flour produced from low- and medium-cyanide variety of cassava tubers. | comparative studies were carried out on the ability of pure strain of rhizopus oryzae and saccharomyces cerevisae to alter the nutritional quality of cassava flour produced from low- and medium-cyanide variety of cassava tuber. low- and medium-cyanide variety of cassava tubers were collected from international institute of tropical agriculture (iita), ibadan, nigeria. these tubers were washed, peeled, grated and aseptically inoculated with pure strains of rhizopus oryzae and saccharomyce cerevis ... | 2007 | 18087867 |
| sequencing analysis of 20,000 full-length cdna clones from cassava reveals lineage specific expansions in gene families related to stress response. | cassava, an allotetraploid known for its remarkable tolerance to abiotic stresses is an important source of energy for humans and animals and a raw material for many industrial processes. a full-length cdna library of cassava plants under normal, heat, drought, aluminum and post harvest physiological deterioration conditions was built; 19968 clones were sequence-characterized using expressed sequence tags (ests). | 2007 | 18096061 |
| utilization of resistant starch of native tapioca, corn and waxy corn starches and their retrograded preparations by bifidobacterium. | anaerobic fermentation of native starches from tapioca, normal and waxy corn, and their laboratory modified preparations, by selected bifidobacterium strains (bifidobacterium pseudolongum ksi9, bifidobacterium breve kn14, and bifidobacterium animalis ks20a1) was carried out under in vitro conditions. the growth and acidifying properties of bifidobacteria and utilization of resistant starches were determined in relation to glucose in the control sample. the preparations obtained from normal and w ... | 2008 | 18097846 |
| mycoflora and natural occurrence of aflatoxins and fumonisin b1 in cassava and yam chips from benin, west africa. | the presence of fungi, aflatoxins and fumonisin b1 in cassava and yam chips (during 28 processing and storage) were evaluated during two consecutive seasons in two agroecological zones of benin (northern guinea savannah, ngs and sudan savannah, ss). the benin samples were assessed for moisture content, fungal infestation and total aflatoxin and fumonisin b1 contamination. during the two seasons, samples collected from the ngs, had moisture contents ranging from 10.0 to 14.7% in cassava chips and ... | 2008 | 18160162 |
| phenotypes and functional effects caused by various viral rna silencing suppressors in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana and n. tabacum. | rna silencing suppressor genes derived from six virus genera were transformed into nicotiana benthamiana and n. tabacum plants. these suppressors were p1 of rice yellow mottle virus (rymv), p1 of cocksfoot mottle virus, p19 of tomato bushy stunt virus, p25 of potato virus x, hcpro of potato virus y (strain n), 2b of cucumber mosaic virus (strain kin), and ac2 of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv). hcpro caused the most severe phenotypes in both nicotiana spp. ac2 also produced severe effects in ... | 2008 | 18184062 |
| hydroxynitrile lyase catalyzed cyanohydrin synthesis at high ph-values. | the application of unusual high ph-values within enzymatic cyanohydrin synthesis has been investigated. usually enzymatic cyanohydrin synthesis in two-phase systems requires low ph-values within the aqueous phase to suppress the non-enzymatic side reaction. in contrast, we investigated the usage of ph-values above ph 6 by using the highly enantioselective (s)-selective hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta. with these unusual reaction conditions also the unfavorable substrate 3-phenoxy-ben ... | 2008 | 18204865 |
| microbiological and biochemical profile of cv. conservolea naturally black olives during controlled fermentation with selected strains of lactic acid bacteria. | the effect of controlled fermentation processes on the microbial association and biochemical profile of cv. conservolea naturally black olives processed by the traditional anaerobic method was studied. the different treatments included (a) inoculation with a commercial starter culture of lactobacillus pentosus, (b) inoculation with a strain of lactobacillus plantarum isolated from a fermented cassava product and (c) uninoculated spontaneous process. microbial growth, ph, titratable acidity, orga ... | 2008 | 18206777 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of the cassava (manihot esculenta) chloroplast genome and the evolution of atpf in malpighiales: rna editing and multiple losses of a group ii intron. | the complete sequence of the chloroplast genome of cassava (manihot esculenta, euphorbiaceae) has been determined. the genome is 161,453 bp in length and includes a pair of inverted repeats (ir) of 26,954 bp. the genome includes 128 genes; 96 are single copy and 16 are duplicated in the ir. there are four rrna genes and 30 distinct trnas, seven of which are duplicated in the ir. the infa gene is absent; expansion of irb has duplicated 62 amino acids at the 3' end of rps19 and a number of coding ... | 2008 | 18214421 |
| do-stat fed-batch production of 2-keto-d-gluconic acid from cassava using immobilized pseudomonas aeruginosa. | bioconversion of cassava-derived glucose to 2-keto-d-gluconic acid (2-kdg) using resting cells of immobilized pseudomonas aeruginosa ifo 3448 was investigated. the tuberous roots of cassava were selected as the feedstock as they are inexpensive and widely available, and possess high amounts of starch (approximately 70% (w/w) of dry mass). immobilized bacteria was used in a fed-batch fermenter and recycled over a period of 2 weeks. given that the formation of 2-kdg from glucose requires oxygen as ... | 2008 | 18256820 |
| wild manihot species: botanical aspects, geographic distribution and economic value. | a total of 98 manihot species have been recognized in the genus. all of them are native to the tropics of the new world, particularly brazil and mexico. the cultigen, manihot esculenta crantz (cassava), grows throughout the lowland tropics. wild species vary in growth habit from acaulescent or short shrubs to tree-like. because of their adaptations to different conditions, they are gene reservoirs for tackling many abiotic and biotic stresses such as improving root quality and resistance to dise ... | 2008 | 18273815 |
| in vitro screening of relative bioaccessibility of carotenoids from foods. | carotenoids are lipophilic pigments in plant foods that are of particular interest as precursors of vitamin a, a nutrient required for vision, cell differentiation, and the immune system. in order to mediate such activities, carotenoids and their metabolites must be absorbed for delivery to tissues. unlike many other dietary lipids, the efficiency of carotenoid absorption is typically inefficient, being affected by food matrix, style of processing, other dietary components, and nutritional and p ... | 2008 | 18296337 |
| 40k/137cs discrimination ratios to the aboveground organs of tropical plants. | in the present work, the accumulation of caesium and potassium in aboveground plant parts was studied in order to improve the understanding on the behaviour of monovalent cations in several compartments of tropical plants. we present the results for activity concentrations of (137)cs and (40)k, measured by gamma spectrometry, from five tropical plant species: guava (psidium guajava), mango (mangifera indica), papaya (carica papaya), banana (musa paradisíaca), and manioc (manihot esculenta). caes ... | 2008 | 18308433 |
| [the killing effect and bystander effect of linamarase/linamarin suicide gene system on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line hepg2 in vitro]. | to investigate the killing effect of linamarase/linamarin (lis/lin) system on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line hepg2 in vitro. | 2008 | 18328192 |
| dietary fibre and fermentability characteristics of root crops and legumes. | the dietary fibre and fermentability characteristics of local root crops and legumes were determined. total, soluble and insoluble fibre were determined in six root crops (kamote, gabi, potato, tugi, ube, cassava) and ten legumes (mungbean, soyabean, peanut, pole sitao, cowpea, chickpea, green pea, lima bean, kidney bean and pigeon pea) using association of official analytical chemists methods. the dietary fibre from test foods was isolated and fermented in vitro using human faecal inoculum simu ... | 2008 | 18331664 |