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the bacterial lipopeptide iturins induce verticillium dahliae cell death by affecting fungal signalling pathways and mediate plant defence responses involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity.verticillium wilt in cotton caused by verticillium dahliae is one of the most serious plant diseases worldwide. because no known fungicides or cotton cultivars provide sufficient protection against this pathogen, v. dahliae causes major crop yield losses. here, an isolated cotton endophytic bacterium, designated bacillus amyloliquefaciens 41b-1, exhibited greater than 50% biocontrol efficacy against v. dahliae in cotton plants under greenhouse conditions. through high-performance liquid chromato ...201524934960
draft genome sequence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens b-1895.in this report, we present a draft genome sequence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain b-1895. comparison with the genome of a reference strain demonstrated similar overall organization, as well as differences involving large gene clusters.201424948774
metabolic engineering of bacillus amyloliquefaciens for poly-gamma-glutamic acid (γ-pga) overproduction.we constructed a metabolically engineered glutamate-independent bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain with considerable γ-pga production. it was carried out by double-deletion of the cwlo gene and epsa-o cluster, as well as insertion of the vgb gene in the bacteria chromosome. the final generated strain nk-pv elicited the highest production of γ-pga (5.12 g l(-1)), which was 63.2% higher than that of the wild-type nk-1 strain (3.14 g l(-1)). the γ-pga purity also improved in the nk-pv strain of 80.4 ...201424986065
construction of a novel secretion expression system guided by native signal peptide of phod in zymomonas mobilis.in the current study, three native signal peptides (sps) from phoc, phod, and zmo0331were investigated and compared to construct novel secretion expression systems in zymomonas mobilis. the secretion expression of target protein, α-amylase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens (baa), guided by phod's sp resulted in more hydrolysis of starch than that by the other two sps. extracellular and intracellular α-amylase activities of the strain containing phod's sp were also higher than the other two strains ...201425036971
simultaneous enhanced catalytic activity and thermostability of a 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase from bacillus amyloliqueformis by chemical modification of lysine residues.the thermostablility and enzymatic activity of 1,3-1,4-β-glucanase (bgla) from bacillus amyloliquefaciens was improved by modifying five (out of 12) ε-amino groups in lysine residues with nitrous acid. the optimal modification condition for bgla was determined as 30 mm nitrous acid at, 40 °c for 30 min. the optimally-modified bgla had higher specific activity and t 50 value, which were 3,370 u/mg and 70 °c, respectively. its half-life values at 50 and 60 °c were extended and reached 58.5 and 49. ...201425048240
draft genome sequence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens ebl11, a new strain of plant growth-promoting bacterium isolated from rice rhizosphere.bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain ebl11 is a bacterium that can promote plant growth by inhibiting the growth of fungi on plant surfaces and providing nutrients as a nonchemical biofertilizer. the estimated genome of this strain is 4.05 mb in size and harbors 3,683 coding genes (cdss).201425059875
occurrence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens as a systemic endophyte of vanilla orchids.we report the occurrence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens in vanilla orchids (vanilla phaeantha) and cultivated hybrid vanilla (v. planifolia × v. pompona) as a systemic bacterial endophyte. we determined with light microscopy and isolations that tissues of v. phaeantha and the cultivated hybrid were infected by a bacterial endophyte and that shoot meristems and stomatal areas of stems and leaves were densely colonized. we identified the endophyte as b. amyloliquefaciens using dna sequence data. si ...201425060609
diversity and potential application of endophytic bacteria in ginger.here, 248 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated to assess the distribution and population diversity of endophytic bacteria in ginger plants. a total of 10.4 x 10(4) to 20.2 x 10(4) cfu/g fresh weight endophytic bacteria of different growth stages were isolated. maximum bacterium numbers were obtained at the seedling stage. a total of 107 functional strains were screened, including 17 antibacterial strains and 90 indole acetic acid-producing strains. based on 16s rdna sequence restriction fr ...201425062479
isolation and characterization of putative endophytic bacteria antagonistic to phoma tracheiphila and verticillium albo-atrum.a collection of 200 bacterial isolates recovered from citrus plants (citrus limon, citrus sinensis, and citrus reticulata), medicago truncatula and laurus nobilis, was established. in vitro screening indicated that 28 isolates exhibited an inhibitory activity against the vascular pathogens phoma tracheiphila and verticillium albo-atrum. isolates were screened according to their hydrolytic activities, plant growth-promoting bacteria (pgpb) abilities, as well as for the presence of nonribosomal pe ...201425074353
isolation of antifungal bacteria from japanese fermented soybeans, natto.an inhibitory effect of a traditional japanese fermented food, natto, was found against plant pathogens such as rhizoctonia solani and fusarium oxysporum, and the bacteria which showed inhibition were isolated from the natto. among isolated bacteria, bc-1 and gac exhibited a strong antagonistic effect in vitro against plant pathogens on an agar medium. the supernatant of bacterial culture also showed strong activity against r. solani, which meant the antimicrobial substances were produced and se ...201325078814
antiherpes simplex virus type 2 activity of the antimicrobial peptide subtilosin.in this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of subtilosin, a cyclical peptide isolated from bacillus amyloliquefaciens, against herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in cell cultures and we investigated subtilosin mode of action.201425087911
culturable bacterial endophytes isolated from mangrove tree (rhizophora apiculata blume) enhance seedling growth in rice.endophytic bacteria do have several potential applications in medicine and in other various sectors of biotechnology including agriculture. bacterial endophytes need to be explored for their potential applications in agricultural biotechnology. one of the potential applications of bacterial endophytes in agricultural is to enhance the growth of the agricultural crops. hence, this study was undertaken to explore the plant growth promoting potential application of bacterial endophytes.201425097431
double substituted variant of bacillus amyloliquefaciens esterase with enhanced enantioselectivity and high activity towards 1-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)ethyl acetate.bacillus amyloliquefaciens esterase (bae) was applied to produce (r)-1-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)ethanol, a chiral drug intermediate. in this study, we improved the enantioselectivity of bae by protein engineering instead of process engineering as used in our previous work. saturation mutagenesis was carried out on eight positions of bae based on structure modeling and substrate docking. a double substituted variant v10 (k358d/a396c) showed an excellent enantioselectivity without decreasing th ...201525104035
genome analysis of bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum ucmb5113: a rhizobacterium that improves plant growth and stress management.the bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum strain ucmb5113 is a gram-positive rhizobacterium that can colonize plant roots and stimulate plant growth and defense based on unknown mechanisms. this reinforcement of plants may provide protection to various forms of biotic and abiotic stress. to determine the genetic traits involved in the mechanism of plant-bacteria association, the genome sequence of ucmb5113 was obtained by assembling paired-end illumina reads. the assembled chromosome of 3, ...201425119988
field evaluation of the bacterial volatile derivative 3-pentanol in priming for induced resistance in pepper.plants are defended from attack by emission of volatile organic compounds (vocs) that can act directly against pathogens and herbivores or indirectly by recruiting natural enemies of herbivores. however, microbial voc have been less investigated as potential triggers of plant systemic defense responses against pathogens in the field. bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain in937a, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium that colonizes plant tissues, stimulates induced systemic resistance (isr) via its ...201425149655
phylogenetic and comparative sequence analysis of thermostable alpha amylases of kingdom archea, prokaryotes and eukaryotes.alpha amylase family is generally defined as a group of enzymes that can hydrolyse and transglycosylase α-(1, 4) or α-(1, 6) glycosidic bonds along with the preservation of anomeric configuration. for the comparative analysis of alpha amylase family, nucleotide sequences of seven thermo stable organisms of kingdom archea i.e. pyrococcus furiosus (100-105°c), kingdom prokaryotes i.e. bacillus licheniformis (90-95°c), geobacillus stearothermophilus (75°c), bacillus amyloliquefaciens (72°c), bacill ...201425187685
complete genome sequence of a plant associated bacterium bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum ucmb5033.bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum ucmb5033 is of special interest for its ability to promote host plant growth through production of stimulating compounds and suppression of soil borne pathogens by synthesizing antibacterial and antifungal metabolites or priming plant defense as induced systemic resistance. the genome of b. amyloliquefaciens ucmb5033 comprises a 4,071,167 bp long circular chromosome that consists of 3,912 protein-coding genes, 86 trna genes and 10 rrna operons.201425197456
draft genome sequence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens hb-26.bacillus amyloliquefaciens hb-26, a gram-positive bacterium was isolated from soil in china. sds-page analysis showed this strain secreted six major protein bands of 65, 60, 55, 34, 25 and 20 kda. a bioassay of this strain reveals that it shows specific activity against p. brassicae and nematode. here we describe the features of this organism, together with the draft genome sequence and annotation. the 3,989,358 bp long genome (39 contigs) contains 4,001 protein-coding genes and 80 rna genes.201425197462
metabolic characterization of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains isolated from traditional dry-cured sausages.the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ph, temperature, and nacl on growth, proteolytic and lipolytic activities, and the ability to produce biogenic amines of 19 strains of bacillus isolated from androlla and botillo (two spanish traditional sausages) to elucidate the role of these bacteria in sausage manufacture. all strains grew in the presence of 10% salt and at ph values of 5.0 and 5.5, whereas only 9 strains grew at 10°c. proteolytic activity was assessed by the agar plate ...201425198855
[establishment and application of efficient nematicidal screening model in bacillus amyloliquefaciens].the mechanisms of nematophagous bacteria against nematodes remain unclear, limiting the use of biocontrol bacteria in the agriculture. therefore, we constructed a rapid and efficient screening model to quickly identify new candidate genes involved in nematode infection.201425199258
functional expression of a novel alkaline-adapted lipase of bacillus amyloliquefaciens from stinky tofu brine and development of immobilized enzyme for biodiesel production.using enrichment procedures, a lipolytic strain was isolated from a stinky tofu brine and was identified as bacillus amyloliquefaciens (named b. amyloliquefaciens nsic-8) by morphological, physiological, biochemical tests and 16s rdna sequence analysis. meanwhile, the key enzyme gene (named lip ba) involved in ester metabolism was obtained from nsic-8 with the assistance of homology analysis. the novel gene has an open reading frame of 645 bp, and encodes a 214-amino-acid lipase (lipba). the ded ...201425199563
pyrosequencing analysis of microbiota reveals that lactic acid bacteria are dominant in korean flat fish fermented food, gajami-sikhae.the gajami-sikhae, traditional korean cuisine fermented with flat fish, samples were collected from eight different manufacturers (gs1-gs8). we employed pyrosequencing method to analyze the bacterial communities of the gajami-sikhae samples. family- and genus-level analyses indicated that the bacterial community compositions of gs3 and gs6 were distinct from those of the rest. the species-level structures of bacterial communities of the gajami-sikhae samples except for gs3 and gs6 featured lacto ...201425209511
comparative proteomic analysis of antagonistic bacillus amyloliquefaciens q-426 cultivated under different ph conditions.bacillus amyloliquefaciens q-426 produces lipopeptide compounds with antifungal activities. initial ph value has a significant influence on the production of lipopeptide compounds. the correlation between ph and intrinsic mechanism of lipopeptide production was rarely discussed. in this research, comparative proteomics, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, was applied to identify b. amyloliquefaciens q-426 intracellular proteins differentially expressed under initial ...201525211522
draft genome sequence of plant growth-promoting bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain w2 associated with crocus sativus (saffron).bacillus sp. strain w2 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium isolated from saffron fields of kashmir, india. here, we report the draft genome sequence (3.9 mb) of bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain w2 having 65 contigs (3, 997, 511 bp), 4,163 coding sequences, and an average 46.45% gc content. despite the 99% identity of the 16s rrna gene with that of bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum fzb42, the genome comparison revealed that only 48.7% of the w2 genome has homology with that of f ...201425212614
binase-like guanyl-preferring ribonucleases are new members of bacillus phop regulon.extracellular low-molecular weight guanyl-preferring ribonucleases (lmw rnases) of bacillus sp. comprise a group of hydrolytic enzymes that share highly similar structural and catalytic characteristics with barnase, a ribonuclease from bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and binase, a ribonuclease from bacillus intermedius. although the physical-chemical and catalytic properties of bacillus guanyl-preferring ribonucleases are very similar, there is considerably more variation in the environmental condit ...201525238955
[antagonism against beauveria bassiana by lipopeptide metabolites produced by entophyte bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain swb16].we screened bacterial strains that have strong antagonism against beauveria bassiana, an important pathogen of silkworm industry, and detected the antagonistic activity of lipopeptide metabolites.201425252459
bacilysin from bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 has specific bactericidal activity against harmful algal bloom species.harmful algal blooms, caused by massive and exceptional overgrowth of microalgae and cyanobacteria, are a serious environmental problem worldwide : in the present study, we looked for bacillus strains with sufficiently strong anticyanobacterial activity to be used as biocontrol agents. among 24 strains, bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 showed the strongest bactericidal activity against microcystis aeruginosa, with a kill rate of 98.78%. the synthesis of the anticyanobacterial substance did not d ...201425261512
study on screening and antagonistic mechanisms of bacillus amyloliquefaciens 54 against bacterial fruit blotch (bfb) caused by acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli.bacterial fruit blotch (bfb) was a serious threat to cucurbitaceae crops. it was caused by the gram-negative bacterium acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli. two hundred strains, which have the potential in controlling plant diseases in our laboratory's biocontrol strain library, were employed to this research to screen some antagonistic bacteria, which can efficiently control bacterial fruit blotch disease. based on the results of antagonistic activity experiments, greenhouse tests and field trials ...201525267487
induced systemic resistance responses in perennial ryegrass against magnaporthe oryzae elicited by semi-purified surfactin lipopeptides and live cells of bacillus amyloliquefaciens.the suppressive ability of several strains of cyclic lipopeptide-producing bacillus rhizobacteria to grey leaf spot disease caused by magnaporthe oryzae has been documented previously; however, the underlying mechanism(s) involved in the induced systemic resistance (isr) activity in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) remains unknown. root-drench application of solid-phase extraction (spe)-enriched surfactin and live cells of mutant bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain fzb42-ak3 (produces surfac ...201525285593
bacterial traits involved in colonization of arabidopsis thaliana roots by bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42.colonization studies previously performed with a green-fluorescent-protein, gfp, labeled derivative of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 revealed that the bacterium behaved different in colonizing surfaces of plant roots of different species (fan et al., 2012). in order to extend these studies and to elucidate which genes are crucial for root colonization, we applied targeted mutant strains to arabidopsis seedlings. the fates of root colonization in mutant strains impaired in synthesis of alterna ...201325288929
biological control of apple ring rot on fruit by bacillus amyloliquefaciens 9001.apple ring rot disease, caused by botryosphaeria dothidea (moug. ex. fr) ces. et de not., is one of the most important diseases on apple fruits. in this study, strain 9001 isolated from healthy apple fruits from an infested orchard was evaluated for its biocontrol activity against apple ring rot in vitro and in vivo. strain 9001 showed obvious antagonistic activity to b. dothidea yl-1 when plated on potato dextrose agar. soaking healthy apples in the bacterial suspensions of strain 9001 prior to ...201325288943
studies of plant colonisation by closely related bacillus amyloliquefaciens biocontrol agents using strain specific quantitative pcr assays.certain strains of bacillus amyloliquefaciens can colonize plants and improve growth and stress management. in order to study these effects, bacterial growth dynamics on plants and in the rhizosphere are of interest calling for specific analytical tools. for that purpose, quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assays were developed in order to differentiate among three closely related b. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum strains (ucmb5033, ucmb5036, ucmb5113) and to determine their levels with high ...201425294724
developmentally-regulated excision of the spβ prophage reconstitutes a gene required for spore envelope maturation in bacillus subtilis.temperate phages infect bacteria by injecting their dna into bacterial cells, where it becomes incorporated into the host genome as a prophage. in the genome of bacillus subtilis 168, an active prophage, spβ, is inserted into a polysaccharide synthesis gene, spsm. here, we show that a rearrangement occurs during sporulation to reconstitute a functional composite spsm gene by precise excision of spβ from the chromosome. spβ excision requires a putative site-specific recombinase, spra, and an acce ...201425299644
comparative proteomics analysis of bacillus amyloliquefaciens sqr9 revealed the key proteins involved in in situ root colonization.bacillus amyloliquefaciens sqr9 is a well-investigated plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria with strong root colonization capability. to identify the key proteins involved in in situ root colonization and biofilm formation, the proteomic profiles of planktonic and root colonized sqr9 cells were compared. a total of 755 proteins were identified, of which 78 and 95 proteins were significantly increased and deceased, respectively, when sqr9 was colonized on the root. the proteins that were closely ...201425299960
suppression of bacterial wilt of tomato by bioorganic fertilizer made from the antibacterial compound producing strain bacillus amyloliquefaciens hr62.ralstonia solanacearum (smith) is an important soil-borne pathogen worldwide. we investigated the effects of a new bioorganic fertilizer, bio62, which was made from organic fertilizer and antagonist bacillus amyloliquefaciens hr62, on the control of bacterial wilt of tomato in greenhouse condition. the results showed that the application of bio62 significantly decreased disease incidence by 65% and strongly reduced r. solanacearum populations both in the rhizosphere soil (8.04 log cfu g(-1) dry ...201425322261
draft genome sequence of the ionic liquid-tolerant bacterium bacillus amyloliquefaciens cmw1.here, we report the draft genome sequence of an ionic liquid-tolerant bacterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens cmw1, which is newly isolated from a japanese fermented soybean paste. the genome sequence will allow for a characterization of the molecular mechanism of its ionic liquid tolerance.201425323721
bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus bacmid enabling rapid generation of recombinant virus by in vitro transposition.a novel recombinant bacmid, beasybm, that enables the easy and fast generation of pure recombinant baculovirus without any purification step was constructed. in beasybm, attr recombination sites were introduced to facilitate the generation of a recombinant viral genome by in vitro transposition. moreover, the extracellular rnase gene from bacillus amyloliquefaciens, barnase, was expressed under the control of the cotesia plutellae bracovirus early promoter to negatively select against the nonrec ...201525341472
influence of root exudates on the extracellular proteome of the plant growth-promoting bacterium bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42.proteins secreted by bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42, a root-associated plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium, are thought to play an important role in the establishment of beneficial interactions with plants. to investigate the possible role of proteins in this process, extracellular proteome maps of b. amyloliquefaciens fzb42 during the late exponential and stationary growth phases were generated using 2d gel electrophoresis. out of the 121 proteins identified by maldi-tof ms, 61 were predict ...201525355936
genome sequence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens gb03, an active ingredient of the first commercial biological control product.bacillus amyloliquefaciens gb03 has been used as a representative commercialized strain of the bacilli for biological control against a broad spectrum of plant pathogens and as a bio-fertilizer to promote growth and yield of field crops for more than two decades. herein, we present the genome sequence and a brief analysis of strain gb03.201425359911
two novel exopolysaccharides from bacillus amyloliquefaciens c-1: antioxidation and effect on oxidative stress.two odorless, water-soluble exopolysaccharide (eps) fractions, eps-1 and eps-2, were isolated from a newly isolated bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain c-1 and purified by ion exchange and gel chromatography. the purified eps-1 contained glucose/mannose/galactose/arabinose in a relative proportion of 15:4:2:1, and possessed a molecular weight of 79.6 kda, while eps-2 contained only glucose and mannose in a 3:1 ratio, with the molecular weights of 19.8 kda. the antioxidant activity results showed t ...201525362510
differential proteomics analysis of bacillus amyloliquefaciens and its genome-shuffled mutant for improving surfactin production.genome shuffling technology was used as a novel whole-genome engineering approach to rapidly improve the antimicrobial lipopeptide yield of bacillus amyloliquefaciens. comparative proteomic analysis of the parental es-2-4 and genome-shuffled fmb38 strains was conducted to examine the differentially expressed proteins. the proteome was separated by 2-de (two dimensional electrophoresis) and analyzed by ms (mass spectrum). in the shuffled strain fmb38, 51 differentially expressed protein spots wit ...201425365175
mosquitocidal bacillus amyloliquefaciens: dynamics of growth & production of novel pupicidal biosurfactant.a strain of bacillus amyloliquefaciens (vcrc b483) producing mosquito larvicidal and pupicidal biosurfactant was isolated from mangrove forest soil. the present study was aimed at studying the kinetics of growth and production of the mosquitocidal biosurfactant by this bacterium.025366212
biosurfactins production by bacillus amyloliquefaciens r3 and their antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant pathogenic e. coli.in this work, the anti-escherichia coli activity of the bioactive substances produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens r3 was examined. a new and cheap medium for production of the anti-e. coli substances which contained 20.0 g l(-1) soybean powder, 20.0 g l(-1) wheat flour, ph 6.0 was developed. a crude surfactant concentration of 0.48 mg ml(-1) was obtained after 27 h of 10-l fermentation, and the diameter of the clear zone on the plate seeded with the pathogenic e. coli 2# was 23.3 mm. a prelimi ...201525407729
application of statistically based experimental designs to optimize cellulase production and identification of gene.a natural bacterial strain identified as bacillus amyloliquefaciens mbaa3 using 16s rdna partial genome sequencing has been studied for optimization of cellulase production. statistical screening of media components for production of cellulase by b. amyloliquefaciens mbaa3 was carried out by plackett-burman design. plackett-burman design showed cmc, mgso4 and ph as significant components influencing the cellulase production from the media components screened by plackett-burman fractional factori ...201425416137
role of two amino acid residues' insertion on thermal stability of thermophilic α-amylase amy121 from a deep sea bacterium bacillus sp. scsio 15121.α-amylases from bacillus licheniformis (bla) and bacillus amyloliquefaciens (baa) are both important industrial enzymes with high similarity in structure but significant differences in thermostability. the mechanisms underlying this discrepancy are still poorly understood. here, we investigated the role of two amino acids' insertion on the thermostability of these two group amylases. a newly obtained thermophilic amylase amy121 was found much closer to bla in both primary structure and enzymolog ...201525421163
biological control as a strategy to reduce the impact of mycotoxins in peanuts, grapes and cereals in argentina.mycotoxins including aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins and ochratoxin a are among the main fungal secondary metabolites detected as natural contaminants in south america in different commodities such as peanuts (aflatoxins), cereals (deoxynivalenol and fumonisins) or grapes (ochratoxin a). different strategies including crop rotation, tillage practices, fungicide application and planting less susceptible cultivars are used in order to reduce the impact of these mycotoxins in both food and f ...201525427716
[antagonistic acttvity of bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains--potential biocontrol agents for cereal crops].the antagonistic activity of strains bacillus amyloliquefaciens ykm b-7243 and ykm b-7404 against bacterial and fungal agents of winter wheat diseases was demonstrated. low antagonistic level against bacterial agents of plant diseases was shown. antifungal activity of strains against agents of winter wheat was on the low level. high biological efficiency was shown under binary compositions of the studied strains. it was concluded that the enhancing of fungicide and growth-stimulation effects in ...201425434210
rheological, emulsifying and thermostability properties of two exopolysaccharides produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens lpl061.the rheological, emulsification, thermostability and certain physicochemical properties of two purified exopolysaccharides from bacillus amyloliquefaciens lpl061 were studied. eps1 showed entangled spider mesh structure that composed of dense rope with homogeneous hexagonal particles under scanning electron microscopy. eps2 had a porous sponge structure with uniform cylindrical particles. the two exopolysaccharides showed higher intrinsic viscosity and better emulsification activity with sunflow ...201525439890
the dtd gene from bacillus amyloliquefaciens encodes a putative d-tyrosyl-trnatyr deacylase and is a selectable marker for bacillus subtilis.genetically engineered microbes are of high practical importance due to their cost-effective production of valuable metabolites and enzymes, and the search for new selectable markers for genetic manipulation is of particular interest. here, we revealed that the soil bacterium bacillus amyloliquefaciens a50 is tolerant to the non-canonical amino acid d-tyrosine (d-tyr), in contrast to the closely related bacillus strain b. subtilis 168, which is a widely used "domesticated" laboratory strain. the ...201525441601
immobilization of proteases on chitosan for the development of films with anti-biofilm properties.bacterial resistance due to biofilm formation-particularly staphylococci biofilms-is associated with multiple problems in medical settings where biofilms can colonize medical indwelling devices and cause nosocomial infections. it was against this backdrop that we explored the anti-biofilm activities of a set of proteases against biofilm formation by staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the selected screened enzymes were immobilized on chitosan to obtain films ...201525451753
branching patterns in leaf starches from arabidopsis mutants deficient in diverse starch synthases.this is the first report on the cluster structure of transitory starch from arabidopsis leaves. in addition to wild type, the molecular structures of leaf starch from mutants deficient in starch synthases (ss) including single enzyme mutants ss1-, ss2-, or ss3-, and also double mutants ss1-ss2- and ss1-ss3- were characterized. the mutations resulted in increased amylose content. clusters from whole starch were isolated by partial hydrolysis using α-amylase of bacillus amyloliquefaciens. the clus ...201525464087
production of itaconic acid in escherichia coli expressing recombinant α-amylase using starch as substrate.several studies on fermentative production of a vinyl monomer itaconic acid from hydrolyzed starch using aspergillus terreus have been reported. herein, we report itaconic acid production by escherichia coli expressing recombinant α-amylase, using soluble starch as its sole carbon source. to express α-amylase in e. coli, we first constructed recombinant plasmids expressing α-amylases by using cell surface display technology derived from two amylolytic bacteria, bacillus amyloliquefaciens nbrc 15 ...201525468427
bacilysin overproduction in bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 markerless derivative strains fzbrep and fzbspa enhances antibacterial activity.bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains fzbrep and fzbspa were derived from the wild-type fzb42 by replacement of the native bacilysin operon promoter with constitutive promoters p repb and p spac from plasmids pmk3 and ploss, respectively. these strains contained two antibiotic resistance genes, and markerless strains were constructed by deleting the chloramphenicol resistance cassette and promoter region bordered by two lox sites (lox71 and lox66) using cre recombinase expressed from the temperatur ...201525472439
identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the 16s rrna gene of foodborne bacillus spp.the main goal of this work was the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the 16s rrna gene of foodborne bacillus spp. that may be useful for typing purposes. these species include, among others, bacillus cereus, an important pathogenic species involved in food poisoning, and bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus, which are causative agents of food spoilage described as responsible for foodborne disease outbreaks. with this purpose in mind, 52 bacill ...201525475292
comparison of three bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains growth behaviour and evaluation of the spoilage risk during bread shelf-life.this study aims at the characterisation of growth behaviour of three strains of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, isolated from ropy bread (atcc8473), wheat grain (ispa-s109.3) and semolina (ispa-n9.1) to estimate rope spoilage risk in pan bread during shelf-life using the sym'previus tool. cardinal values and growth/no growth boundaries were determined in broth, while artificial spore inoculations were performed in dough for various pan bread recipes to compare experimental counts with in silico grow ...201525481056
responses of beneficial bacillus amyloliquefaciens sqr9 to different soilborne fungal pathogens through the alteration of antifungal compounds production.bacillus amyloliquefaciens sqr9 exhibited predominantly antagonistic activities against a broad range of soilborne pathogens. the fungi-induced sqr9 extracts possess stronger antifungal activities compared with sqr9 monoculture extracts. to investigate how sqr9 fine-tunes lipopeptides (lps) and a siderophore bacillibactin production to control different fungal pathogens, lps and bacillibactin production and transcription of the respective encoding genes in sqr9 were measured and compared with si ...201425484880
endophytic bacillus spp. produce antifungal lipopeptides and induce host defence gene expression in maize.endophytes are mutualistic symbionts within healthy plant tissues. in this study we isolated bacillus spp. from seeds of several varieties of maize. bacillus amyloliquifaciens or bacillus subtilis were found to be present in all maize varieties examined in this study. to determine whether bacteria may produce antifungal compounds, generally lipopeptides in bacillus spp., bacterial cultures were screened for production of lipopeptides. lipopeptides were extracted by acid precipitation from liquid ...201525497916
[antagonistic acttvity of bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains--potential biocontrol agents for cereal crops].the antagonistic activity of strains bacillus amyloliquefaciens ykm b-7243 and ykm b-7404 against bacterial and fungal agents of winter wheat diseases was demonstrated. low antagonistic level against bacterial agents of plant diseases was shown. antifungal activity of strains against agents of winter wheat was on the low level. high biological efficiency was shown under binary compositions of the studied strains. it was concluded that the enhancing of fungicide and growth-stimulation effects in ...201425507808
[immunocytochemical visualization of p185(her2) receptor by antibody fused with dibarnase and conjugate of barstar with colloidal gold].we studied the localization of transmembrane receptor p185(her2) in skov-3 and bt-474 cancer cells by fluorescence, confocal and electron immunomicroscopy. p185(her2) is a marker of breast and ovarian tumors, it is considered as a target for anticancer therapy. it is extremely important to choose a universal immunicytotoxic agent applicable, first, to study the distribution of p185(her2) in cancer cells, secondly, to remove p185(her2) from the cell surface and, thirdly, to eliminate target cells ...201425509353
[teichoic acids of three type strains of the "bacillus subtilis" group, bacillus mojavensis vkm b-2650, bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. amyloliquefaciens vkm b-2582, and bacillus sonorensis vkm b-2652].cell walls of three type strains of the "bacillus subtilis" group, bacillus mojavensis vkm b-2650, bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. amyloliquefaciens vkm b-2582, and bacillus sonorensis vkm b-2652, are characterized by the individual set of teichoic acids. all strains contained 1,3-poly(glycerophosphates), unsubstituted, acylated with d-alanine, and glycosylated. the latter differ in the nature of the monosaccharide residue. teichoic acids of b. mojavensis vkm b-2650(t) and b. amyloliquefaciens ...201425509395
are cyclic lipopeptides produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens s13-3 responsible for the plant defence response in strawberry against colletotrichum gloeosporioides?the antagonistic strain bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain s13-3 decreased the severity of strawberry anthracnose caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides. the foliar application of s13-3 triggered the expression of pathogenesis-related proteins, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase, in strawberry leaves. we identified lipopeptide antibiotics, including iturin a, fengycin, mixirin, pumilacidin and surfactin, produced and secreted by s13-3. iturin a and surfactin elicited the gene expression of the patho ...201525511625
detection and characterization of broad-spectrum antipathogen activity of novel rhizobacterial isolates and suppression of fusarium crown and root rot disease of tomato.to detect and characterize broad-spectrum antipathogen activity of indigenous bacterial isolates obtained from potato soil and soya bean leaves for their potential to be developed as biofungicides to control soilborne diseases such as fusarium crown and root rot of tomato (fcrr) caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (forl).201525512025
decreased tobacco-specific nitrosamines by microbial treatment with bacillus amyloliquefaciens da9 during the air-curing process of burley tobacco.tobacco specific nitrosamines (tsna) mainly consisting of n-nitrosonornicotine (nnn), n-nitrosoanatabine (nat), n-nitrosoanabasine (nab), and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (nnk) are a group of toxic components threatening human health. to inhibit tsna formation in tobacco leaves, a high nitrite reductive strain with low nitrate reduction ability was isolated and applied to tobacco leaves in an attempt to lower the nitrite precursor of tsna. by morphology, physiology, biochemistr ...201425514373
degradation of ochratoxin a by bacillus amyloliquefaciens asag1.ochratoxin a (ota) is widely found in food and feed products as a mycotoxin contaminant. it is produced by penicillium species and several aspergillus species. the identification ota detoxification microorganisms is believed to be the best approach for decontamination. in this study, we isolated asag1, a bacterium with the ability to degrade ota effectively, from grain depot-stored maize. a 16s rdna sequencing approach was used to identify this strain as bacillus amyloliquefaciens asag1. the deg ...201525517039
deletion of genes involved in glutamate metabolism to improve poly-gamma-glutamic acid production in b. amyloliquefaciens ll3.here, we attempted to elevate poly-gamma-glutamic acid (γ-pga) production by modifying genes involved in glutamate metabolism in bacillus amyloliquefaciens ll3. products of rocr, rocg and gudb facilitate the conversion from glutamate to 2-oxoglutarate in bacillus subtillis. the gene odha is responsible for the synthesis of a component of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl coenzyme a. in-frame deletions of these four ...201525540046
enhanced production of antifungal lipopeptides by bacillus amyloliquefaciens for biocontrol of postharvest disease.food security to sustain increasing populations is a global concern. a major factor threatening food security is crop spoilage during postharvest storage. reduction of postharvest spoilage has mainly been addressed by the application of synthetic chemicals. bacillus lipopeptides, specifically lipopeptide homologues exhibiting antifungal efficacy, offer an alternative environmentally benign protocol for reduction of postharvest phytopathogens. this work is directed towards bacillus lipopeptide pr ...201525541516
induction of salt tolerance and up-regulation of aquaporin genes in tropical corn by rhizobacterium pantoea agglomerans.bacteria were isolated from surface disinfected seeds of eight modern corn types and an ancestor of corn, 'teosinte' and identified using 16s rdna sequences. from each of the modern corn types we obtained bacillus spp. (including, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis); while from teosinte we obtained only pantoea agglomerans and agrobacterium species. of these bacteria, only p. agglomerans could actively grow under hypersaline conditions and increase salt tolerance of tropical corn s ...201525557002
nutritional value of rice bran fermented by bacillus amyloliquefaciens and humic substances and its utilization as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens.an experiment was conducted to increase the quality of rice bran by fermentation using bacillus amyloliquefaciens and humic substances and its utilization as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens. the experiment was carried out in two steps. first, the fermentation process was done using a completely randomized design in factorial with 16 treatments: i) dosage of b. amyloliquefaciens (2.10(8) cfu/g), 10 and 20 g/kg; ii) graded levels of humic substances, 0, 100, 200, and 400 ppm; iii) length of ...201525557819
effect of bacillus amyloliquefaciens-based direct-fed microbial on performance, nutrient utilization, intestinal morphology and cecal microflora in broiler chickens.the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the dietary supplementation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens-based direct-fed microbial (dfm) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, intestinal morphology and cecal microflora in broiler chickens. a total of two hundred and eighty eight 1-d-old arbor acres male broilers were randomly allocated to one of four experimental treatments in a completely randomized design. each treatment was fed to eight replicate cages, with nine birds per c ...201525557820
screening, gene cloning, and characterizations of an acid-stable α-amylase.based on its α-amylase activity at ph 5.0 and optimal ph of the crude enzyme, a strain (named b-5) with acid α-amylase production was screened. the b-5 strain was identified as bacillus amyloliquefaciens through morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics analysis, as well as 16s rdna phylogenetic analysis. its α-amylase gene of genbank accession no. gu318401 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the purified recombinant α-amylase amy-ba showed the optimal ph of 5.0, an ...201525563420
complete genome sequence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum cc178, a phyllosphere bacterium antagonistic to plant pathogenic fungi.bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum strain cc178 is a phyllosphere bacterium with antagonistic activity against a wide range of plant fungal pathogens. the genome of strain cc178 is 3,916,828 bp in size and harbors 3,972 genes. six giant gene clusters are dedicated to the nonribosomal synthesis of antimicrobial polypeptides and polyketides.201525573933
utilization of different waste proteins to create a novel pgpr-containing bio-organic fertilizer.high-quality bio-organic fertilizers (bios) cannot be produced without the addition of some proteins, while many waste proteins are haphazardly disposed, causing serious environmental pollution. in this study, several waste proteins were used as additives to assist with the reproduction of the functional microbe (bacillus amyloliquefaciens sqr9) inoculated into matured composts to produce bios. an optimized composition of solid-state fermentation (ssf) raw materials was predicted by response sur ...201525586328
isolation and molecular characterization of thermostable phytase from bacillus subtilis (bsphyarrmk33).the thermostable phytase gene was isolated from bacillus subtilis arrmk33 (bsphyarrmk33). the gene has an orf of 1152 bp and that encodes a protein of 383 amino acids. sequence analysis showed high homology with bacillus sp. phytase proteins, but no similarity was found with other phytases. sds-page analysis exhibited a predicted molecular mass of 42 kda. homology modeling of bsphyarrmk33 protein based on bacillus amyloliquefaciens crystal structure disclosed its β-propeller structure. bsphyarrm ...201525588529
improving the neutral phytase activity from bacillus amyloliquefaciens dsm 1061 by site-directed mutagenesis.neutral phytase is used as a feed additive for degradation of anti-nutritional phytate in aquatic feed industry. site-directed mutagenesis of bacillus amyloliquefaciens dsm 1061 phytase was performed with an aim to increase its activity. mutation residues were chosen based on multiple sequence alignments and structure analysis of neutral phytsaes from different microorganisms. the mutation sites on surface (d148e, s197e and n156e) and around the active site (d52e) of phytase were selected. analy ...201525613522
poultry-beneficial solid-state bacillus amyloliquefaciens b-1895 fermented soybean formulation.birds were given a new formulation of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens b-1895 solid-state fermented soybean that retained the spores of the aforementioned organism. mass dynamics, feed flow rate and broiler performance were observed to evaluate the efficacy of the formulation. at each time point, the live mass was greater than that of the control group, reaching a difference of 7-8% by day 28. a difference of 5.3-8.8% was observed in feed conversion per kilogram live mass (1.97 kg in the controls ...201525625034
[antagonistic activity of bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum imv b-7404 and bim b-439d strains towards pathogenic bacteria and micromycetes].in this study the antagonistic activity of strains bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum imv b-7404 and bim b-439d against bacterial and fungal pathogens of agricultural crops has been researched. it is shown that both strains of bacilli demonstrated a high level of antagonism to the vascular bacteriosis pathogen, average level of antagonism to micromycetes--root rot pathogens. to ofiobulez pathogen strain b. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum bim b-439d was more active. cultural liquid of ...201525639040
lipopeptides extract from bacillus amyloliquefaciens induce human oral squamous cancer cell death.a lipopeptide extract of bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacy1 (ble) was found to induce cell death in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) cell lines, scc4 and scc25, in this study. the results of mtt assay showed that ble inhibited oscc cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. ble was also effective in increasing the sub-g1 phases. furthermore, when membrane damage in scc4 cells treated with ble was monitored by ldh assay, release of ldh was significantly increased. the protein and mrna ...201525640398
collagen-like proteins (clpa, clpb, clpc, and clpd) are required for biofilm formation and adhesion to plant roots by bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42.the genes of collagen-like proteins (clps) have been identified in a broad range of bacteria, including some human pathogens. they are important for biofilm formation and bacterial adhesion to host cells in some human pathogenic bacteria, including several bacillus spp. strains. interestingly, some bacterial clp-encoding genes (clps) have also been found in non-human pathogenic strains such as b. cereus and b. amyloliquefaciens, which are types of plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr). in ...201525658640
in vitro evaluation of celluloytic bacillus amyloliquefaciens ams1 isolated from traditional fermented soybean (churpi) as an animal probiotic.a microorganism showing probiotic attributes and hydrolyzing carboxymethylcellulose was isolated from traditional fermented soybean (churpi) and identified as bacillus amyloliquefaciens by analysis of 16s rrna gene sequence and named as b. amyloliquefaciens ams1. the potentiality of this isolate as probiotic was investigated in vitro and it showed gastrointestinal transit tolerance, cell surface hydrophobicity, cell aggregation and antimicrobial activity. the isolate was found to be non-hemolyti ...201525660401
draft genome sequence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens jjc33m, isolated from sugarcane soils in the papaloapan region, mexico.bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain jjc33m is a bacterium that produces α-amylase (ec 3.2.1.1) and was isolated from sugarcane soil. its estimated genome size is 3.96 mb, and it harbors 4,048 coding genes (cdss).201525676753
microbial growth under supercritical co2.growth of microorganisms in environments containing co2 above its critical point is unexpected due to a combination of deleterious effects, including cytoplasmic acidification and membrane destabilization. thus, supercritical co2 (scco2) is generally regarded as a sterilizing agent. we report isolation of bacteria from three sites targeted for geologic carbon dioxide sequestration (gcs) that are capable of growth in pressurized bioreactors containing scco2. analysis of 16s rrna genes from scco2 ...201525681188
the effects of heat activation on bacillus spore germination, with nutrients or under high pressure, with or without various germination proteins.nutrient germination of spores of bacillus species occurs through germinant receptors (grs) in spores' inner membrane (im) in a process stimulated by sublethal heat activation. bacillus subtilis spores maximum germination rates via different grs required different 75 °c heat activation times: 15 min for l-valine germination via the gera gr and 4 h for germination with the l-asparagine-glucose-fructose-k(+) mixture via the gerb and gerk grs, with gerk requiring the most heat activation. in some c ...201525681191
the peptide toxin amylosin of bacillus amyloliquefaciens from moisture-damaged buildings is immunotoxic, induces potassium efflux from mammalian cells, and has antimicrobial activity.amylosin, a heat-stable channel-forming non-ribosomally synthesized peptide toxin produced by strains of bacillus amyloliquefaciens isolated from moisture-damaged buildings, is shown in this paper to have immunotoxic and cytotoxic effects on human cells as well as antagonistic effects on microbes. human macrophages exposed to 50 ng of amylosin ml(-1) secreted high levels of cytokines interleukin-1β (il-1β) and il-18 within 2 h, indicating activation of the nlrp3 inflammasome, an integral part of ...201525681192
antagonistic mechanism of iturin a and plipastatin a from bacillus amyloliquefaciens s76-3 from wheat spikes against fusarium graminearum.controlling toxigenic fusarium graminearum (fg) is challenging. a bacterial strain (s76-3, identified as bacillus amyloliquefaciens) that was isolated from diseased wheat spikes in the field displayed strong antifungal activity against fg. reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analyses revealed that s76-3 produced three classes of cyclic lipopeptides including iturin, plipastatin and surfactin. each class consisted of several different ...201525689464
a novel non-blue laccase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens: secretory expression and characterization.laccases are copper-containing enzymes which possess a promising potential in many industrial and environmental applications. here we describe the cloning, extracellular expression and characterization of a novel non-blue laccase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens in pichia pastoris. the recombinant enzyme was secreted into the culture supernatant with high activity. it lacks the absorption band at 610 nm typical for blue laccases. however, electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectrum proved the ...201525709013
complete genome sequence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens l-h15, a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from cucumber seedling substrate.bacillus amyloliquefaciens l-h15 is a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) isolated from the cucumber seedling substrate collected in beijing, china. the complete genome of b. amyloliquefaciens l-h15 consists of one single circular chromosome (3,864,316 bp) without any plasmid. from the genome, we identified clusters responsible for non-ribosomal synthesis of secondary metabolites, and genes related to the plant growth promotion hormone such as indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and acetoin secre ...201525725457
whole-cell method for phenol detection based on the color reaction of phenol with 4-aminoantipyrine catalyzed by cota laccase on endospore surfaces.a green method for phenol spectrophotometric determination was developed based on the color reaction of phenol with 4-aminoantipyrine catalyzed by addition of bacillus amyloliquefaciens endospores in the presence of o2. the catalytic activity of the endospores may be attributed to the presence of coat protein a on the cell surfaces. this deduction was confirmed by cota gene knock-out from b. amyloliquefaciens using the homologous double-exchange method. under optimal conditions, linear responses ...201525725465
inactivated probiotic bacteria stimulate cellular immune responses of catla, catla catla (hamilton) in vitro.in the present study, we investigated the in vitro immunostimulatory effects of inactivated form of two potential probiotics, bacillus amyloliquefaciens fptb16 and b. subtilis fptb13 in catla (catla catla). catla head kidney leukocytes (hk) were incubated with the bacteria alive or inactivated with heat shock (2 h at 60 °c), uv light (for 2.5 h) and formalin (1.0%, v/v) treatment (for 24 h at 4 °c) at different concentrations (10(7), 10(8) and 10(9) cells ml(-1)). after incubation, different cel ...201525736432
characterization of deep sea fish gut bacteria with antagonistic potential, from centroscyllium fabricii (deep sea shark).the bacterial isolates from centroscyllium fabricii (deep sea shark) gut were screened for antagonistic activity by cross-streak method and disc diffusion assay. this study focuses on strain btss-3, which showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria including salmonella typhimurium, proteus vulgaris, clostridium perfringens, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, bacillus circulans, bacillus macerans and bacillus pumilus. btss3 was subjected to phenotypic characterization using bio ...201525740801
bacillusin a, an antibacterial macrodiolide from bacillus amyloliquefaciens ap183.bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extracts of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain (ap183) led to the discovery of a new macrocyclic polyene antibiotic, bacillusin a (1). its structure was assigned by interpretation of nmr and ms spectroscopic data as a novel macrodiolide composed of dimeric 4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-6-alkenylbenzoic acid lactones with conjugated pentaene-hexahydroxy polyketide chains. compound 1 showed potent antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant staphyloco ...201525756620
bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain 32a as a source of lipopeptides for biocontrol of agrobacterium tumefaciens strains.a bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain, designated 32a, was used to identify new compounds active against agrobacterium tumefaciens and to evaluate their efficiency to control crown gall on carrot discs.201525764969
complete genome sequence of bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain bh072, isolated from honey.the genome of bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain bh072, isolated from a honey sample and showing strong antimicrobial activity against plant pathogens, is 4.07 mb and harbors 3,785 coding sequences (cds). several gene clusters for nonribosomal synthesis of antimicrobial peptides and a complete gene cluster for biosynthesis of mersacidin were detected.201525767235
improvement of immunity and disease resistance in the nile tilapia, oreochromis niloticus, by dietary supplementation with bacillus amyloliquefaciens.probiotics can be used as immunostimulants in aquaculture. the aim of this study was to evaluate the immune responses of nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus following feeding with bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores at concentrations of 1 × 10(6) (g3) and 1 × 10(4) (g2) colony-forming units per gram (cfu/g) of feed compared with a basal diet with no probiotics (g1). a total of 180 fingerlings (27.7 ± 0.22 g) were divided into three groups (g1-g3 of 20 fish per group) in triplicate. innate immunitie ...201525783002
plant genotype-specific archaeal and bacterial endophytes but similar bacillus antagonists colonize mediterranean olive trees.endophytes have an intimate and often symbiotic interaction with their hosts. less is known about the composition and function of endophytes in trees. in order to evaluate our hypothesis that plant genotype and origin have a strong impact on both, endophytes of leaves from 10 olea europaea l. cultivars from the mediterranean basin growing at a single agricultural site in spain and from nine wild olive trees located in natural habitats in greece, cyprus, and on madeira island were studied. the co ...201525784898
characterization of a novel thermostable oligopeptidase from geobacillus thermoleovorans dsm 15325.a gene (gt-sm3b) encoding a thermostable secreted oligoendopeptidase (gt-sm3b) was cloned from the thermophile geobacillus thermoleovorans dsm 15325. gt-sm3b is 1,857 bp in length and encodes a single-domain protein of 618 amino acids with a 23-residue signal peptide having a calculated mass of 67.7 kda after signal cleavage. the deduced amino acid sequence of gt-sm3b contains a conservative zinc metallopeptidase motif (his(400)-glu(401)-x-xhis (404)). the described oligopeptidase belongs to the ...201525791847
bacillus amyloliquefaciens as prophylactic treatment for clostridium difficile-associated disease in a mouse model.probiotics might offer an attractive alternative for standard antibiotic therapy to treat clostridium difficile infections (cdi). we specifically selected a bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain for its high in vitro antibacterial activity against c. difficile and tested its efficacy to prevent cdi in a mouse model.201525800047
isolation, characterization, and evaluation of multi-trait plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for their growth promoting and disease suppressing effects on ginger.in this study, 100 pgpr strains isolated from different varieties of ginger (zingiber officinale rosc.) were first characterized for their morphological, biochemical, and nutrient mobilization traits in vitro. the pgpr were also screened in vitro for inhibition of pythium myriotylum causing soft rot in ginger. results revealed that only five pgpr showed >70% suppression of p. myriotylum. these 5 pgpr viz., grb (ginger rhizobacteria) 25--burkholderia cepacia, grb35--bacillus amyloliquefaciens; gr ...201525801969
antimicrobial resistance and plasmid profile of bacterial strains isolated from the urbanized eltsovka-1 river (russia).antimicrobial resistance and plasmid profile of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains isolated from the urbanized eltsovka-1 river (russia) were investigated. sequencing of the 16s rrna of of g+ strains showed 99-100% identity to that of bacillus aerophilus, bacillus altitudinis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus anthrancis, bacillus barbaricus, bacillus cereus, bacillus flexus, bacillus indriensis, bacillus stratosphericus, bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis, bacillus thuringiensi ...201525803299
effect of neohesperidin dihydrochalcone on the activity and stability of alpha-amylase: a comparative study on bacterial, fungal, and mammalian enzymes.neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (nhdc) was recently introduced as an activator of mammalian alpha-amylase. in the current study, the effect of nhdc has been investigated on bacterial and fungal alpha-amylases. enzyme assays and kinetic analysis demonstrated the capability of nhdc to significantly activate both tested alpha-amylases. the ligand activation pattern was found to be more similar between the fungal and mammalian enzyme in comparison with the bacterial one. further, thermostability exper ...201525808616
phylogenomic analysis shows that bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum is a later heterotypic synonym of bacillus methylotrophicus.the rhizosphere-isolated bacteria belonging to the bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum and bacillus methylotrophicus clades are an important group of strains that are used as plant growth promoters and antagonists of plant pathogens. these properties have made these strains the focus of commercial interest. here, we present the draft genome sequence of b. methylotrophicus kacc 13105(t) ( = cbmb205(t)). comparative genomic analysis showed only minor differences between this strain and the ...201525835027
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