Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| serum protein alterations in canine ehrlichiosis. | serum protein electrophoresis was performed in 42 dogs with naturally occurring ehrlichia canis infection and in 15 clinically healthy dogs (control dogs). the infected dogs were found to have a significant hypoalbuminaemia, hyperglobulinaemia and hypergammaglobulinaemia compared to the control dogs (p < 0.001). a polyclonal gammopathy was found in all but one of the infected dogs which presented a monoclonal gammopathy. alpha-1 globulin was lower while alpha-2 and beta-2 globulin concentrations ... | 1996 | 9017886 |
| suspected ehrlichial infection in five cats from a household. | ehrlichiosis is a poorly recognized condition of cats that may be associated with anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or dysproteinemia. affected cats may have indirect fluorescent antibody titers to ehrlichia canis and e risticii. we reviewed the clinical evaluation and response to treatment of 5 cats in a household where ehrlichial disease was suspected as the cause of recurrent leukopenias and thrombocytopenias. all of the cats had e risticii indirect fluorescent antibody titers and western ... | 1997 | 9018358 |
| clinical and clinicopathologic abnormalities in greyhounds with cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy: 18 cases (1992-1994) | to determine clinical signs and clinicopathologic abnormalities in greyhounds with cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy and to determine whether there were any differences between dogs with and without renal azotemia. | 1997 | 9074681 |
| immunoblot analysis of the immunoglobulin g response to ehrlichia canis in dogs: an international survey. | historically, considerable variation has been reported in the type and severity of clinical and hematologic abnormalities associated with canine ehrlichiosis. because of difficulties associated with the isolation of intracellular monocytic ehrlichia species in tissue culture systems, few e. canis isolates are available for comparative microbiologic studies. to address the issue of potential e. canis antigenic diversity in different regions of the world, dog sera reactive by indirect fluorescent ... | 1997 | 9087922 |
| application of the polymerase chain reaction for the detection of ehrlichia canis in tissues of dogs. | doxycycline treatment resulted in a carrier status in 3 dogs and complete clearance of ehrlichia canis in 2 dogs (iqbal and rikihisa, 1994). using specimens obtained during that study applicability of polymerase chain reactions (pcrs) in detecting e. canis dna in tissue specimens and correlation of pcr results with our previous cell culture isolation results were evaluated. pcrs using a pair of primers specific to e. canis 16srrna gene sequence were used to detect dna of e. canis in tissues of 5 ... | 1994 | 9133053 |
| characterization of the subclinical phase of canine ehrlichiosis in experimentally infected beagle dogs. | beagle dogs were examined during the subclinical phase of canine ehrlichiosis under controlled conditions. emphasis was placed on gathering data before artificial inoculation with ehrlichia canis, and comparing these data with those of the subclinical phase of the disease. in this study all dogs were clinically healthy throughout the 6 month examination period. all subclinically infected dogs had ifa antibody titers to e. canis at a dilution varying from 1:2560 to 1:20480. the most prominent hae ... | 1997 | 9195740 |
| comparison of nested pcr with immunofluorescent-antibody assay for detection of ehrlichia canis infection in dogs treated with doxycycline. | a partial 16s rrna gene was amplified in ehrlichia canis-infected cells by nested pcr. the assay was specific and did not amplify the closely related ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia muris, neorickettsia helminthoeca, and sf agent 16s rrna genes. the assay was as sensitive as southern hybridization, detecting as little as 0.2 pg of e. canis dna. by this method, all blood samples from four dogs experimentally infected with e. canis were positive as early as day 4 postinoculation, which was before ... | 1997 | 9196207 |
| development and evaluation of a recombinant antigen, monoclonal antibody-based competitive elisa for heartwater serodiagnosis. | cowdria ruminantium is the etiologic agent of heartwater, a tick-transmitted foreign animal disease with considerable potential for entrance into the usa. a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) was developed to detect serologic responses to c. ruminantium infection. the celisa utilized a recombinant form of the c. ruminantium major antigenic protein (map-1) as the antigen and an anti-map-1 monoclonal antibody as the competing indicator reagent. experimental antisera to c. rumin ... | 1997 | 9211230 |
| pcr amplification and comparison of nucleotide sequences from the groesl heat shock operon of ehrlichia species. | degenerate pcr primers derived from conserved regions of the eubacterial groesl heat shock operon were used to amplify groesl sequences of ehrlichia equi, ehrlichia phagocytophila, the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge), ehrlichia canis, bartonella henselae, and rickettsia rickettsii. the groesl nucleotide sequences were less conserved than the previously determined 16s rrna gene sequences of these bacteria. a phylogenetic tree derived from deduced groel amino acid sequences was simi ... | 1997 | 9230387 |
| [hepatozoon canis infection of dogs in germany: case report and epidemiology]. | this paper reports on a case of hepatozoonosis of a dog imported from italy to germany being additionally infected with ehrlichia canis and babesia canis. furthermore, a survey of the epidemiology of the hepatozoon canis infection is presented. | 1997 | 9289886 |
| different organisms associated with heartwater as shown by analysis of 16s ribosomal rna gene sequences. | cowdria ruminantium is a rickettsial parasite which causes heartwater, a economically important disease of domestic and wild ruminants in tropical and subtropical africa and parts of the caribbean. because existing diagnostic methods are unreliable, we investigated the small-subunit ribosomal rna (srrna) gene from heartwater-infected material to characterise the organisms present and to develop specific oligonucleotide probes for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based diagnosis. dna was obtained ... | 1997 | 9299697 |
| thrombocytopathia and light-chain proteinuria in a dog naturally infected with ehrlichia canis. | a 6-year-old dog was presented for evaluation of recurrent epistaxis. platelet counts, biochemical tests, and coagulation tests were within the normal range, but a mucosal bleeding time was prolonged; there was hyperproteinemia and a monoclonal gammopathy. heterogeneity of light chains appeared in urine, however, thus suggesting that the gammopathy was polyclonal. platelet aggregation tests showed decreased responsiveness to collagen. an ehrlichia canis indirect fluorescent-antibody titer was po ... | 1997 | 9348500 |
| canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: a retrospective study of 100 cases, and an epidemiological investigation of prognostic indicators for the disease. | one hundred cases of monocytic ehrlichiosis diagnosed in israeli dogs were confirmed by the presence of anti-ehrlichia canis indirect immunofluorescent antibody titres greater than 1:40. the disease occurred in all age groups and there was no sex predilection. german shepherd dogs were significantly over-represented whereas crossbreed dogs were significantly under-represented (p > 0.0005). the most common clinical signs were depression, lethargy, lymphadenomegaly, fever, anorexia, panting, pale ... | 1997 | 9351183 |
| western immunoblotting analysis of the antibody responses of patients with human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis to different strains of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis. | in order to evaluate the relative sensitivity of the detection of antibodies against various antigenic proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis for the diagnosis of the emerging infectious disease human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, western immunoblotting was performed with 27 serum samples from convalescent patients with antibodies, as demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence assay. among 22 patients with antibodies reactive with the 120-kda protein, 15 showed reactivity with the 29/28-kda protein(s ... | 1997 | 9384299 |
| immunodominant major outer membrane proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis are encoded by a polymorphic multigene family. | several immunodominant major proteins ranging from 23 to 30 kda were identified in the outer membrane fractions of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of a 28-kda protein of e. chaffeensis (one of the major proteins) was determined. the gene (p28), almost full length, encoding the 28-kda protein was cloned by pcr with primers designed based on the n-terminal sequence of the e. chaffeensis 28-kda protein and the consensus sequence between the c termini of ... | 1998 | 9423849 |
| amplification of ehrlichial dna from dogs 34 months after infection with ehrlichia canis. | in order to determine whether dogs in the subclinical phase of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) are carriers of ehrlichia canis and to determine the significance of persistent indirect immunofluorescent anti-e. canis antibody titers during this phase, pcr was performed with blood, bone marrow, and splenic aspirates collected 34 months postinoculation from six clinically healthy beagle dogs experimentally infected with e. canis. at least one of the three samples (spleen, bone marrow, and blood ... | 1998 | 9431923 |
| doxycycline hyclate treatment of experimental canine ehrlichiosis followed by challenge inoculation with two ehrlichia canis strains. | dogs were experimentally inoculated with ehrlichia canis florida to assess the efficacy of doxycycline hyclate for the treatment of acute ehrlichiosis. treatment with doxycycline eliminated infection in eight of eight dogs. untreated infected control dogs appeared to eliminate the infection or, alternatively, suppress the degree of ehrlichiemia to a level not detectable by tissue culture isolation or pcr or by transfusion of blood into recipient dogs. prior infection did not infer protection aga ... | 1998 | 9527787 |
| [imported arthropod-borne parasites and parasitic arthropods in dogs. species spectrum and epidemiologic analysis of the cases diagnosed in 1995/96]. | between january 1995 and december 1996 nonendemic or only regionally occurring arthropodborne parasites including ehrlichiae and parasitic arthropods in germany were detected in 484 dogs, whereby at least 15 species were involved. listed in decreasing order, leishmania infections occurred most frequently, followed by infections/infestations with babesia canis, ehrlichia canis, rhipicephalus sanguineus, dirofilaria immitis and dermacentor reticulatus. the other species, namely babesia gibsoni, tr ... | 1998 | 9531673 |
| granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs from north carolina and virginia. | medical records of 3 dogs from north carolina and 3 dogs from virginia with ehrlichial morulae in circulating neutrophils were studied retrospectively. two clinically distinct disease syndromes, including chronic, moderate to severe anemia (n = 3) and polyarthritis (n = 2) were associated with canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (cge) in these dogs. one dog was clinically healthy, and abnormalities were not detected during physical examination. clinical signs were nonspecific and included fever, le ... | 1998 | 9560760 |
| a survey of tick-borne bacteria and protozoa in naturally exposed dogs from israel. | antibody reactivity against seven bacterial or protozoal pathogens was measured in sera derived from 40 dogs suspected of a tick-borne disease. sera from 73% (29/40) of the dogs reacted with three or more test antigens. seroreactivity was most prevalent to babesia canis antigen (90%) followed by babesia gibsoni (75%), ehrlichia canis (63%), rickettsia conorii--moroccan strain (58%), rickettsia conorii--israeli strain no. 2 (28%), borrelia burgdorferi (10%) or bartonella vinsonii (berkhoffii) (10 ... | 1998 | 9561701 |
| experimental transmission of ehrlichia canis (rickettsiales: ehrlichieae) by dermacentor variabilis (acari: ixodidae). | four trials were conducted in which laboratory-reared dermacentor variabilis nymphs were exposed to ehrlichia canis by feeding on experimentally infected dogs as soon as classical morulae were detected in peripheral blood monocytes. after molting 25, 50 or 90 adult tick pairs were permitted to feed on 7 ehrlichia-naive dogs. transmission occurred in trials 1 (1/1 dog), 3 (1/1 dog) and 4 (2/2 dogs) but not in trial 2 (0/3 dogs), with 4 of 7 dogs becoming infected. successful transstadial transmis ... | 1998 | 9561712 |
| antibody response to hepatozoon canis in experimentally infected dogs. | canine hepatozoonosis is a disease caused by the tick-borne protozoan hepatozoon canis. five puppies were inoculated by ingestion of rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks experimentally infected with h. canis, and all became infected with h. canis: gametocytes were detected in blood smears from four dogs and schizonts were observed in the spleen and bone marrow of the fifth. antibodies reactive with h. canis gametocytes were detected by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifa), with igm detected in ... | 1998 | 9561714 |
| investigation of splenic functions in canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. | in order to determine the role of the spleen in the pathogenesis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme), the effect of splenectomy on the course of the acute phase of experimental was investigated. intact and splenectomized dogs, sero-negative for ehrlichia canis antibodies, were infected with the israeli strain of e. canis. serology, clinical signs and haematological parameters were recorded prior to infection, and over a period of 60 days post infection, and were compared between the intact an ... | 1998 | 9618865 |
| molecular characterization of a 28 kda surface antigen gene family of the tribe ehrlichiae. | antisera against different ehrlichiae recognize an immunodominant, cross-reacting approximately 28 kda surface antigen defined as the map1 in cowdria ruminantium. these antigens are considered valuable in developing serodiagnostic tests and recombinant vaccines for ehrlichiae infections. to evaluate the relationship in three closely related ehrlichiae, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia canis, and c. ruminantium, the structure of the 28 kda antigen genes was analyzed. we describe the cloning and c ... | 1998 | 9647746 |
| therapeutic effect of doxycycline in experimental subclinical canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: evaluation of a 6-week course. | the efficacy of doxycycline treatment (10 mg/kg of body weight every 24 h for 42 days) in eliminating ehrlichia canis from four subclinically infected dogs was evaluated. one dog remained pcr positive, suggesting that 6 weeks of doxycycline treatment may not be sufficient to clear e. canis parasites from all subclinically infected dogs. serology (indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay) was shown to be unreliable in assessing recovery from the carrier state, as anti-e. canis antibodies persist ... | 1998 | 9650986 |
| survey of tick-borne diseases in dogs infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus at a kennel in okayama prefecture, japan. | serological tests were performed to investigate extent of tick-borne diseases in dogs infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus at a kennel in okayama prefecture. three of 22 dogs (13.6%) were positive for ehrlichia canis. two of 19 dogs (10.5%) were positive for rickettsia japonica. three of 22 dogs (13.6%) were positive for babesia gibsoni. none of these animals were positive for coxiella burnetii or hepatozoon canis. a microfilaria was detected in a drop smear of hemolymph from an engorged femal ... | 1998 | 9673953 |
| sequential evaluation of dogs naturally infected with ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia equi, ehrlichia ewingii, or bartonella vinsonii. | historically, disease manifestations in dogs seroreactive to ehrlichia canis antigens by indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing have been attributed to infection with either e. canis or ehrlichia ewingii. a 1996 study by dawson and colleagues provided pcr evidence that healthy dogs from southeastern virginia could be naturally infected with ehrlichia chaffeensis. this observation stimulated us to determine which ehrlichia spp. infected sick dogs that were referred to our hospital from the s ... | 1998 | 9705408 |
| cloning and characterization of multigenes encoding the immunodominant 30-kilodalton major outer membrane proteins of ehrlichia canis and application of the recombinant protein for serodiagnosis. | a 30-kda major outer membrane protein of ehrlichia canis, the agent of canine ehrlichiosis, is the major antigen recognized by both naturally and experimentally infected dog sera. the protein cross-reacts with a serum against a recombinant 28-kda protein (rp28), one of the outer membrane proteins of a gene (omp-1) family of ehrlichia chaffeensis. two dna fragments of e. canis were amplified by pcr with two primer pairs based on the sequences of e. chaffeensis omp-1 genes, cloned, and sequenced. ... | 1998 | 9705412 |
| acute blindness associated with monoclonal gammopathy induced by ehrlichia canis infection. | ehrlichia canis infection was diagnosed in a labrador retriever presented with a primary complaint of acute blindness. ocular signs on admission included bilateral hyphema, retinal haemorrhage and retinal detachment. serum protein electrophoresis results revealed monoclonal gammopathy. this report discusses and suggests the pathogenesis of ocular bleeding in canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. blood hyperviscosity, elevation in oncotic pressure, vasculitis, thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction a ... | 1998 | 9735920 |
| lack of susceptibility of ehrlichia canis to imidocarb dipropionate in vitro. | in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was used to compare the efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline on the growth of ehrlichia canis in dh82 cell cultures. over a 9-day period there were no significant differences (p < 0.01) in the growth of e. canis in untreated control wells and those to which imidocarb dipropionate was added at 1.2, 2.4, 4.8 or 12 micrograms/ml for the 1st 3 days. average infection rates rose from 50 to 55% on day 0 to 100% on day 5 or 6. doxycycline at 1 ... | 1998 | 9760397 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the 44-kilodalton major outer membrane protein of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent. | the major outer membrane proteins (omps) of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) agent, with molecular sizes of 44 to 47 kda, are immunodominant antigens in human infection. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the omps were made by immunizing balb/c mice with the purified hge agent and then by fusing spleen cells with myeloma cells. the immunologic specificities of three mabs (3e65, 5c11, and 5d13) were examined with five human hge agent isolates and one tick isolate. by western blot analysis, ... | 1998 | 9774579 |
| seroprevalence of ehrlichia canis and of canine granulocytic ehrlichia infection in dogs in switzerland. | serum samples from 996 dogs in switzerland were examined for antibodies to ehrlichia canis and to the agent causing canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (cge). ehrlichiosis, borreliosis, and systemic illness not associated with ticks were suspected in 75, 122, and 157 of these dogs, respectively. the remainder of the serum samples were obtained from clinically healthy dogs which resided north (n = 235) or south (n = 407) of the alps. the serum samples were tested by an indirect immunofluorescence te ... | 1998 | 9817854 |
| a molecular and serologic survey of ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, and e. ewingii in dogs and ticks from oklahoma. | polymerase chain reaction and southern hybridization were used to survey for the presence of ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia chaffeensis, and ehrlichia ewingii in blood samples of 65 dogs that harbored ticks from northcentral and northeastern oklahoma. dog blood samples were also examined for antibodies against e. canis and e. chaffeensis, using an immunofluorescent antibody test. ten of 65 dogs (15.4%) examined were positive for ehrlichia spp. by pcr. four (6.2%) were positive for e. ewingii, 2 (3.1 ... | 1998 | 9831955 |
| [ehrlichia canis infections of dogs in germany. epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis]. | between january and december 1997 infections with ehrlichia canis were detected in 211 dogs in germany. of the 53 epidemiologically evaluable dogs, 19 animals born and raised in germany had travelled with their owners abroad in endemic areas, 30 dogs originated from there and four dogs had never left germany. as regards to the possible location of infection it has been registered that most dogs had been taken to countries of the mediterranean sea (spain, france, italy, greece) or had been import ... | 1998 | 9857421 |
| kinetics of serologic cross-reactions between ehrlichia canis and the ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroups in experimental e. canis infection in dogs. | the serological cross-reactions between the ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroups, and the kinetics of development of antibodies in dogs to the e. phagocytophila group after artificial infection with the israeli strain of e. canis was investigated. results of this study indicate that the development of antibodies to the e. phagocytophila genogroup in dogs after infection with e. canis is a time dependent event probably conditional on the continued propagation of the rickettsia ... | 1998 | 9880101 |
| platelet-associated immunoglobulin (antiplatelet antibody) in canine rocky mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis. | antiplatelet antibodies were detected in the sera of dogs with naturally occurring and experimentally induced rickettsia rickettsii and ehrlichia canis infections. this is the first known report documenting elevated platelet-associated immunoglobulin (paig) titers in rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) infections. in the naturally occurring rmsf infections and ehrlichiosis, the antibodies persisted for weeks or months, even when the platelet counts had normalized. results of this study indicate ... | 1999 | 9934930 |
| potential value of major antigenic protein 2 for serological diagnosis of heartwater and related ehrlichial infections. | cowdria ruminantium is the etiologic agent of heartwater, a disease causing major economic loss in ruminants in sub-saharan africa and the caribbean. development of a serodiagnostic test is essential for determining the carrier status of animals from regions where heartwater is endemic, but most available tests give false-positive reactions with sera against related erhlichia species. current approaches rely on molecular methods to define proteins and epitopes that may allow specific diagnosis. ... | 1999 | 10066656 |
| serological evidence of infection with ehrlichia spp. in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in switzerland. | serum samples from 1,550 red foxes in switzerland were tested for antibodies to the agents of canine granulocytic and monocytic ehrlichiosis by an indirect immunofluorescent technique. forty-four (2.8%) of the samples were positive for ehrlichia phagocytophila, which is an antigen marker for granulocytic ehrlichiosis. in contrast, none of the samples had antibodies specific to ehrlichia canis, the agent of monocytic ehrlichiosis. | 1999 | 10074544 |
| serological survey for antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis in dogs from the bloemfontein area, south africa. | sera from 161 dogs in the bloemfontein area in south africa were tested for the presence of antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis by indirect fluorescent antibody testing. overall, 68 (42%) of the dogs had significant antibody titres (> or = 1/64) against e. canis and 61 (38%) had significant titres (> or = 1/64) against e. chaffeensis. seven (11%) dogs had higher titres to e. chaffeensis than e. canis (1/2048 and 1/1024 (2 dogs); 1/1024 and 1/512 (2 dogs); 1/2048 and 1/512 ... | 1998 | 10192085 |
| the map1 gene of cowdria ruminantium is a member of a multigene family containing both conserved and variable genes. | heartwater is an economically important disease of ruminants caused by the tick-transmitted rickettsia cowdria ruminantium. the disease is present in africa and the caribbean and there is a risk of spread to the americas, particularly because of a clinically asymptomatic carrier state in infected livestock and imported wild animals. the causative agent is closely related taxonomically to the human and animal pathogens ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis. a dominant immune response of infec ... | 1999 | 10198207 |
| molecular cloning of the gene for a conserved major immunoreactive 28-kilodalton protein of ehrlichia canis: a potential serodiagnostic antigen. | a gene encoding a 28-kda protein of ehrlichia canis was cloned, sequenced, and expressed, and a comparative molecular analysis with homologous genes of e. canis, cowdria ruminantium, and ehrlichia chaffeensis was performed. the complete gene has an 834-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 278 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 30.5 kda. an n-terminal signal sequence was identified, suggesting that the protein undergoes posttranslational modification to a mature 27.7-kda protei ... | 1999 | 10225842 |
| antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup antigens and the spotted fever group rickettsial antigens, in free-ranging jackals (canis aureus syriacus) from israel. | a seroepidemiological survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of antibodies reactive with the ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup antigens, and the spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae antigens in jackals in israel (canis aureus syriacus), to assess the possible role of the jackal in the epidemiology of these diseases. fifty-three serum samples from jackals were assayed by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test. antibodies to e. canis were detected in 35.8% ... | 1999 | 10321583 |
| coinfection with multiple tick-borne pathogens in a walker hound kennel in north carolina. | both dogs and humans can be coinfected with various ehrlichia, bartonella, rickettsia, and babesia species. we investigated a kennel of sick walker hounds and their owners in southeastern north carolina for evidence of tick-borne infections and associated risk factors. a high degree of coinfection was documented in the dog population. of the 27 dogs, 26 were seroreactive to an ehrlichia sp., 16 to babesia canis, and 25 to bartonella vinsonii, and 22 seroconverted to rickettsia rickettsii antigen ... | 1999 | 10405413 |
| variability in the 28-kda surface antigen protein multigene locus of isolates of the emerging disease agent ehrlichia chaffeensis suggests that it plays a role in immune evasion. | infections caused by rickettsial pathogens persist in vertebrate hosts for long periods of time, despite the active host immune response. we recently described the multigene locus encoding 28 kda surface antigen proteins (28 kda saps) for two closely related rickettsials, ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis (reddy, g. r., et al. (1998) biochem. biophys. res. commun. 247, 636-643), that share extensive structural homology to antigenic variant surface protein genes of neisseria and borrelia ... | 1999 | 10425222 |
| efficacy of enrofloxacin for the treatment of experimentally induced ehrlichia canis infection. | 1999 | 10499737 | |
| bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and related members of the alpha subdivision of the proteobacteria in dogs with cardiac arrhythmias, endocarditis, or myocarditis. | cardiac arrhythmias, endocarditis, or myocarditis was identified in 12 dogs, of which 11 were seroreactive to bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii antigens. historical abnormalities were highly variable but frequently included substantial weight loss, syncope, collapse, or sudden death. fever was an infrequently detected abnormality. cardiac disease was diagnosed following an illness of short duration in most dogs, but a protracted illness of at least 6 months' duration was reported for fou ... | 1999 | 10523564 |
| emergence of anaplasma marginale antigenic variants during persistent rickettsemia. | anaplasma marginale is an ehrlichial pathogen of cattle, in the order rickettsiales, that establishes persistent cyclic rickettsemia in the infected host. within each rickettsemic cycle, a. marginale expressing antigenically variant major surface protein 2 (msp2) emerge. by cloning 17 full-length msp2 transcripts expressed during cyclic rickettsemia, we determined that emergent variants have a single, central hypervariable region encoding variant b-cell epitopes. the n- and c-terminal regions ar ... | 1999 | 10531237 |
| serosurvey of ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis infection in dogs in yamaguchi prefecture, japan. | antibodies to ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis in dogs at the animal hospital in yamaguchi university were surveyed and potential risk factors for both pathogens were evaluated. among 430 dogs examined, 20 (4.7%) and 18 (4.2%) dogs showed positive findings for e. canis and h. canis, respectively. neither, sex nor age was associated with the seropositivity of either pathogen, but the positive rate in dogs kept outside was slightly higher than that in dogs kept inside for both pathogens. a hig ... | 1999 | 10563295 |
| glycosylation of homologous immunodominant proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis. | the glycoprotein genes of ehrlichia chaffeensis (1,644 bp) and ehrlichia canis (2,064 bp) encode proteins of 548 to 688 amino acids with predicted molecular masses of only 61 and 73 kda but with electrophoretic mobilities of 120 kda (p120) and 140 kda (p140), respectively. the 120-kda protein gene of e. chaffeensis contains four identical 240-bp tandem repeat units, and the 140-kda protein gene of e. canis has 14 nearly identical, tandemly arranged 108-bp repeat units. conserved serine-rich moti ... | 2000 | 10603362 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the 120-kilodalton protein gene of ehrlichia canis and application of the recombinant 120-kilodalton protein for serodiagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis. | the 120-kda outer membrane protein (p120) is a potential adhesin of ehrlichia chaffeensis, and recombinant p120 is very useful for serodiagnosis of human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis. the analogous gene of p120 in ehrlichia canis was cloned, sequenced, and expressed. like the e. chaffeensis p120, the e. canis p120 contains tandem repeat units. however, neither the repeat number nor the amino acid sequences in the repeats are identical in the two ehrlichia species. the repeat units are hydrophilic ... | 2000 | 10618118 |
| seroprevalence of ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi, and ehrlichia risticii in sick dogs from north carolina and virginia. | ehrlichia canis, e. equi, and e. risticii seroprevalence was determined by microimmunofluorescent antibody testing (ifa) in a sequential population of 1,845 sick dogs admitted during a 1-year period to the north carolina state university veterinary teaching hospital. a seroreactor was defined by a reciprocal ifa titer of > or =80 to e. canis, e. equi, or e. risticii antigens. of the 48 ifa seroreactors, 44 dogs were seroreactive to e. canis, 21 to e. equi, and 0 to e. risticii. seventeen dogs re ... | 2000 | 10668817 |
| comparison of a clinic-based elisa test kit with the immunofluorescence test for the assay of ehrlichia canis antibodies in dogs. | the "gold standard" for the detection of antibodies to ehrlichia canis, the cause of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme), is the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (ifa) test. the ifa test however is generally available only in selected laboratories and requires extensive equipment and trained personnel. a double-blind study was conducted to compare the ability of an in-clinic standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test kit to measure e. canis igg antibodies in dogs compared wi ... | 2000 | 10826837 |
| is the detection of anti-rhipicephalus sanguineus (rs24p) antibodies a valuable epidemiological tool of tick infestation in dogs? | antibodies against the 24 kda rhipicephalus sanguineus (rs24p) protein were detected by elisa to evaluate the relationship between antibodies and tick infestation. the mean titer of 3 dogs that underwent 2 experimental infestations with adult ticks was transiently increased after the second infestation. there was a significant difference in mean titers between positive control dogs naturally infested with ticks and tick-naive dogs. these results suggested that anti-rs24p antibodies detected by e ... | 2000 | 10863953 |
| canine monocytic ehrlichiosis presenting as acute blindness 36 months after importation into the uk. | a four-year-old labrador retriever developed sudden-onset blindness, associated with bilateral uveitis, intraocular haemorrhage and retinal detachment. it had been imported into the uk from sardinia 36 months before presentation. haematological abnormalities included non-regenerative anaemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. serum and urine protein electrophoresis demonstrated a monoclonal gammopathy. an immunofluorescent antibody test for ehrlichia canis was positive, with a titre of 1:320, co ... | 2000 | 10879405 |
| cyclic cd8+ lymphopenia in dogs experimentally infected with bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii. | until recently, it was presumed that bartonella vinsonii only infected voles, a species of north american rodents. in april of 1993, however, our laboratory isolated a novel subspecies of b. vinsonii (b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii) from the blood of a dog diagnosed with vegetative valvular endocarditis. subsequently, based on a seroepidemiologic survey of dogs from north carolina and virginia presenting for a variety of medical problems, we found evidence supporting a potentially important assoc ... | 2000 | 10889298 |
| a conserved, transcriptionally active p28 multigene locus of ehrlichia canis. | antigenic diversity of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis may involve independent or differential expression of the p28 outer membrane proteins genes, enabling persistent infections of the natural hosts. in this study, we analyzed the transcriptional activity of a five gene locus in e. canis encoding homologous, but non-identical, p28 genes. the p28 multigene locus contained three previously identified complete gene sequences and one partial gene sequence. a new p28 gene was identified an ... | 2000 | 10974556 |
| efficacy of a modified polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of ehrlichia canis infection. | detection of ehrlichia canis in acutely infected and convalescent dogs is important for effective treatment and control. however, accurate detection has been difficult to achieve, in part because dogs that have been treated therapeutically often remain seropositive for extended periods. a new method, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay using biotinylated e. canis-specific primers (pcr-bp), was developed for detection of e. canis. four dogs experimentally infected with e. canis by intravenous i ... | 2000 | 11021435 |
| monoclonal antibody binding to a surface-exposed epitope on cowdria ruminantium that is conserved among eight strains. | monoclonal antibodies (mab) binding to cowdria ruminantium elementary bodies (eb) were identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and surface binding of one mab (446.15) to intact eb was determined by immunofluorescence, immunogold labeling, and transmission electron microscopy. mab 446.15 bound an antigen of approximately 43 kda in immunoblots of eight geographically distinct strains. the mab did not react with ehrlichia canis antigens or uninfected bovine endothelial cell lysate and may ... | 2000 | 11063511 |
| detection of platelet-bound antibodies in beagle dogs after artificial infection with ehrlichia canis. | six dogs were infected with ehrlichia canis by intravenous injection of heavily infected dh82 cells. all dogs developed typical signs of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. using flow cytometric technology, platelet-bound igg (pbigg) were detected in 5 of the 6 dogs after experimental infection with e. canis over a period of 3-10 days post infection (pi). the first detection of pbigg was made as early as day 3 pi in 2 out of 6 dogs, and on day 5 pi in 1 dog. on day 7 pi, pbigg was detected in 2 dogs, ... | 2000 | 11068072 |
| infection of small ruminants with ehrlichia spp. in sicily. | in 1991, the experimental infection of a goat with pooled blood from goats that were positive for anti-ehrlichia canis, e. risticii, e. equi and e. phagocytophila antibodies was monitored (physical examination, cell blood count, microscopical examination of blood smears, serology) for 180 days. the infection produced a clinical condition characterized by intermittent fever, anaemia and leukopenia with neutropenia during the first 40 days. recurrent leukocytosis with lymphocytosis was noticed aft ... | 1999 | 11071551 |
| canine ehrlichiosis caused simultaneously by ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia platys. | to identify the causative agent of canine ehrlichiosis that has occurred in the suburbs of guangzhou, china, since 1998, the 16s rrna gene was amplified and sequenced. two sequences of 1,482 and 1,483 base pairs were obtained and named as gzh981 and gzh982, respectively. the level of similarity of these two was 91.50%, and gzh981 closely resembled the 16s rrna gene of ehrlichia canis, whereas gzh982 resembled ehrlichia platys. we therefore conclude that e. canis and e. platys together caused rec ... | 2000 | 11092236 |
| hepatozoon canis infection associated with dog ticks of rural areas of rio de janeiro state, brazil. | hepatozoon canis is a tick-borne protozoan that infects dogs and has been reported throughout the world. manifestation of h. canis infection varies from being sub-clinical in apparently healthy dogs to severe illness. the main vector of the infection is the dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus although other species may also transmit this agent. h. canis has been reported previously in brazil, but mostly as an occasional finding during laboratory exams and always associated with other diseases. th ... | 2001 | 11113545 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of antibodies to ebola and marburg viruses using recombinant nucleoproteins. | the full-length nucleoprotein (np) of ebola virus (ebo) was expressed as a his-tagged recombinant protein (his-ebo-np) by a baculovirus system. carboxy-terminal halves of nps of ebo and marburg virus (mbg) were expressed as glutathione s-transferase-tagged recombinant proteins in an escherichia coli system. the antigenic regions on the nps of ebo and mbg were determined by both western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to be located on the c-terminal halves. the c-terminal 1 ... | 2001 | 11136739 |
| coinfection with three ehrlichia species in dogs from thailand and venezuela with emphasis on consideration of 16s ribosomal dna secondary structure. | as part of a larger study to investigate tick-borne infections in dogs from thailand and venezuela, documentation of coinfection with three ehrlichia species in two dogs, one from each country, became the focus of the present study. although neither dog had clinical signs attributable to ehrlichiosis, both dogs were anemic and neutropenic and the thai dog was thrombocytopenic. genus- and species-specific pcr targeting the 16s rrna genes indicated that both dogs were coinfected with ehrlichia can ... | 2001 | 11136754 |
| immunodiagnosis of ehrlichia canis infection with recombinant proteins. | ehrlichia canis causes a potentially fatal rickettsial disease of dogs that requires rapid and accurate diagnosis in order to initiate appropriate therapy leading to a favorable prognosis. we recently reported the cloning of two immunoreactive e. canis proteins, p28 and p140, that were applicable for serodiagnosis of the disease. in the present study we cloned a new immunoreactive e. canis surface protein gene of 1,170 bp, which encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 42.6 kda (p43) ... | 2001 | 11136790 |
| significance of serological testing for ehrlichial diseases in dogs with special emphasis on the diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichia canis. | dogs are susceptible to a number of ehrlichial diseases. among them, canine monocytic ehrlichiosis is an important and potentially fatal disease of dogs caused by the rickettsia ehrlichia canis. diagnosis of the disease relies heavily on the detection of antibodies and is usually carried out using the indirect immunofluoresence antibody (ifa) test. the ifa test may be confounded by cross-reactivities between a number of the canine ehrlichial pathogens. this article presents a review of the ehrli ... | 2001 | 11163693 |
| standardization of the diagnostic criteria for canine ehrlichiosis. towards a universal case definition. | canine ehrlichiosis is a highly variable syndrome presenting a significant differential diagnostic difficulty. it imitates many metabolic and infectious diseases and lacks standardized diagnostic criteria, common reagents, and database resources. a clinical diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis may be based on the manifestation of fever, thrombocytopenia, anorexia, nasolacrimal discharge, epistaxis, and exclusion of autoimmune and common canine vector borne diseases. these parameters are not invariab ... | 2000 | 11193652 |
| evaluation of a polyvalent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay incorporating a recombinant p44 antigen for diagnosis of granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs and horses. | to develop and evaluate a polyvalent elisa incorporating a highly specific recombinant antigen (p44) for diagnosis of granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs and horses. | 2001 | 11197555 |
| ocular histopathology of ehrlichial infections in the dog. | histologic examination of eyes and brains of 27 dogs experimentally infected with either ehrlichia canis, e. ewingii, e. chaffeensis, or human granulocytic ehrlichia (hge) was conducted in the course of several experiments, the primary objectives of which were to investigate the susceptibility of the domestic dog to infection with various ehrlichial species and to assess the ability of ixodid tick species to acquire and transmit those infections. uveitis and meningitis occurred in each of the do ... | 2001 | 11199163 |
| ectoparasites of dogs belonging to people in resource-poor communities in north west province, south africa. | a total of 344 dogs belonging to people in resource-poor communities in north west province, south africa, was examined for ectoparasites, and all visible arthropods were collected from the left side of each dog. by doubling these numbers it was estimated that the dogs harboured 14,724 ixodid ticks, belonging to 6 species, 1,028 fleas, belonging to 2 species, and 26 lice. haemaphysalis leachi accounted for 420 and rhipicephalus sanguineus for 14,226 of the ticks. pure infestations of h. leachi w ... | 2000 | 11205167 |
| survey of canine babesiosis in south africa. | a questionnaire, designed to obtain qualitative information on a number of variables concerning canine babesiosis (biliary fever) in south africa, was sent to 510 veterinary practices in late 1993. of the 157 practices that responded, all were presented with cases of babesiosis and most were situated in gauteng, the western cape and kwazulu-natal. apart from the western cape, a winter-rainfall region, the prevalence of babesiosis cases in dogs was highest in summer. most of the respondent practi ... | 2000 | 11205168 |
| analysis of transcriptionally active gene clusters of major outer membrane protein multigene family in ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis. | ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis are tick-borne obligatory intramonocytic ehrlichiae that cause febrile systemic illness in humans and dogs, respectively. the current study analyzed the pleomorphic multigene family encoding approximately 30-kda major outer membrane proteins (omps) of e. canis and e. chaffeensis. upstream from seca and downstream of hypothetical transcriptional regulator, 22 paralogs of the omp gene family were found to be tandemly arranged except for one or two genes with oppo ... | 2001 | 11254561 |
| assessing the association between the geographic distribution of deer ticks and seropositivity rates to various tick-transmitted disease organisms in dogs. | to determine whether the geographic distribution of deer ticks (ixodes scapularis) was associated with the distribution of dogs seropositive for various tick-transmitted disease organisms (ie, borrelia burgdorferi, rickettsia rickettsii, the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis [hge] agent, ehrlichia canis, and bartonella vinsonii subsp berkhoffii). | 2001 | 11318358 |
| seroprevalence of ehrlichia canis antibodies among dogs in turkey. | 2001 | 11400989 | |
| dna gyrase-mediated natural resistance to fluoroquinolones in ehrlichia spp. | fluoroquinolone susceptibility heterogeneity between various ehrlichia species has been previously demonstrated. in gram-negative bacteria, resistance to fluoroquinolones most often corresponds to specific amino acid variations in a portion of the protein sequence of the a subunit of dna gyrase (gyra), referred to as the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr). we suspected a similar mechanism to be responsible for natural resistance in some ehrlichia species. to verify this hypothesis, w ... | 2001 | 11408229 |
| antibodies to selected canine pathogens and infestation with intestinal helminths in golden jackals (canis aureus) in israel. | blood and fecal samples, collected from 46 healthy adult free-ranging golden jackals captured in two different locations in israel, were examined. a serological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of circulating antibodies reacting with four common canine pathogens: canine distemper virus (cdv), canine parvovirus (cpv), ehrlichia canis and leishmania infantum. faecal flotation and haematological tests were also performed. the seroprevalence of cpv, e. canis, cdv, and l. infantum we ... | 2001 | 11409931 |
| phylogenetic relationships of anaplasma marginale and 'ehrlichia platys' to other ehrlichia species determined by groel amino acid sequences. | the heat-shock protein (groel) genes of anaplasma marginale, ehrlichia muris and 'ehrlichia platys' were sequenced and compared with the groel of other species of ehrlichia. the groel amino acid sequences of a. marginale and 'e. platys' were most similar to the groel sequence of ehrlichia phagocytophila, with which they formed one group with 6-10% divergence. the e. muris groel was most closely related to the groel of two unclassified strains (hf-565 and anan), then to ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehr ... | 2001 | 11414267 |
| recombinant major antigenic protein 2 of ehrlichia canis: a potential diagnostic tool. | the major antigenic protein 2 (map2) of ehrlichia canis was cloned and expressed. the recombinant protein was characterized and tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) format for potential application in the serodiagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. the recombinant protein, which contained a c-terminal polyhistidine tag, had a molecular mass of approximately 26 kda. the antigen was clearly identified by western immunoblotting using antihistidine antibody and immune serum fro ... | 2001 | 11427559 |
| dynamics of igg1 and igg2 subclass response in dogs naturally and experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis. | immunoglobulin (ig) g subclasses were measured in dogs naturally and experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (elisa). in this study, a higher igg2 subclass response was noticed to natural and experimental e. canis infection in dogs. anti-e. canis-igg2 optic density (od) values were found to be significantly higher than anti-e. canis-igg1 during the different phases of the disease, and no differences in the igg subclass responses to e. canis infection ... | 2001 | 11445156 |
| first confirmed canine case of ehrlichia canis infection in japan. | an 11-year-old castrated pekinese dog that had been moved from indonesia to japan eight years previously was diagnosed with an ehrlichia canis infection by haematological characteristics (normocytic anaemia, mild thrombocytopenia and hypergammaglobulinaemia) and serological findings (antibody titre to e canis 1:3,200 or more). the dog did not respond to treatment with tetracycline and died from renal failure. the diagnosis was confirmed postmortem by pathological evaluation and polymerase chain ... | 2001 | 11467609 |
| the pharmacokinetics of a long-acting oxytetracycline formulation in healthy dogs and in dogs infected with ehrlichia canis. | the pharmacokinetic properties of oxytetracycline were studied following a single injection of a long-acting formulation (20 mg/kg body weight) into the semimembranosus muscle of healthy dogs and of dogs that had been experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis. the disposition curves of the long-acting oxytetracycline formulation before and after infection were best described by a bi-exponential decline after a first-order absorption. the mean maximum serum concentration (cmax) following infec ... | 2001 | 11469510 |
| molecular and antigenic comparison of ehrlichia canis isolates from dogs, ticks, and a human in venezuela. | we previously culture isolated a strain of ehrlichia canis, the causative agent of canine ehrlichiosis, from a human in venezuela. in the present study, we examined whether dogs and ticks are infected with e. canis in venezuela and, if so, whether this is the same strain as the human isolate. pcr analysis using e. canis-specific primers revealed that 17 of the 55 dog blood samples (31%) and all three pools of four rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks each were positive. an ehrlichial agent (venezuelan ... | 2001 | 11473993 |
| detection of ehrlichial infection by pcr in dogs from yamaguchi and okinawa prefectures, japan. | species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect the presence of possible canine ehrlichial agents (ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, e. ewingii, e. equi and e. platys) and monocytic ehrlichial agents found in japan (e. muris and a recently discovered ehrlichia species detected from ixodes ovatus) in blood samples from dogs in yamaguchi and okinawa prefecture, japan. partial sequence of e. platys was detected from 1 of 67 dogs (1.5%) tested from yamaguchi prefecture and ... | 2001 | 11503912 |
| citrate synthase gene sequence: a new tool for phylogenetic analysis and identification of ehrlichia. | the sequence of the citrate synthase gene (glta) of 13 ehrlichial species (ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia muris, an ehrlichia species recently detected from ixodes ovatus, cowdria ruminantium, ehrlichia phagocytophila, ehrlichia equi, the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis [hge] agent, anaplasma marginale, anaplasma centrale, ehrlichia sennetsu, ehrlichia risticii, and neorickettsia helminthoeca) have been determined by degenerate pcr and the genome walker method. the ehrlichial ... | 2001 | 11526124 |
| transcriptional analysis of p30 major outer membrane multigene family of ehrlichia canis in dogs, ticks, and cell culture at different temperatures. | ehrlichia canis, an obligatory intracellular bacterium of monocytes and macrophages, causes canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. e. canis immunodominant 30-kda major outer membrane proteins are encoded by a polymorphic multigene family consisting of more than 20 paralogs. in the present study, we analyzed the mrna expression of 14 paralogs in experimentally infected dogs and rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks by reverse transcription-pcr using gene-specific primers followed by southern blotting. eleven ou ... | 2001 | 11553557 |
| aortic valve endocarditis in a dog due to bartonella clarridgeiae. | we report the first documented case of endocarditis associated with bartonella clarridgeiae in any species. b. clarridgeiae was identified as a possible etiological agent of human cat scratch disease. infective vegetative valvular aortic endocarditis was diagnosed in a 2.5-year-old male neutered boxer. historically, the dog had been diagnosed with a systolic murmur at 16 months of age and underwent balloon valvuloplasty for severe valvular aortic stenosis. six months later, the dog was brought t ... | 2001 | 11574571 |
| serologic and molecular evidence of coinfection with multiple vector-borne pathogens in dogs from thailand. | forty-nine dogs from thailand were evaluated for serologic evidence of exposure or polymerase chain reaction (pcr) evidence of infection with vectorborne pathogens, including ehrlichia sp. (ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia equi, and ehrlichia risticii), bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffi (bvb), spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae (rickettsia rickettsii), typhus group (tg) rickettsiae (rickettsia canada, rickettsia prowazekii, and rickettsia typhi), and babesia sp. (babesia c ... | 2001 | 11596732 |
| serological survey for ehrlichia canis in urban dogs from the major population centres of northern australia. | to detect evidence of ehrlichia canis infection of dogs from the major population centres of northern australia, if present. | 2001 | 11599818 |
| presence of immune-complexes, and absence of antinuclear antibodies, in sera of dogs naturally and experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis. | antinuclear antibodies (ana), immunoglobulin g (igg) concentrations and circulating immune-complexes (cic) were measured, over a period of 3 years, in 6 dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis, and in 10 dogs naturally infected with the rickettsia. no ana were detected in any of the samples tested. the igg concentrations were shown to be higher in the infected dogs when compared to the control dogs. cic were detected in 2 of 10 naturally and 2 of 6 experimentally infected dogs, during ... | 2001 | 11600268 |
| identification of a p28 gene in ehrlichia ewingii: evaluation of gene for use as a target for a species-specific pcr diagnostic assay. | pcr was used to amplify a 537-bp region of an ehrlichia ewingii gene encoding a homologue of the 28-kda major antigenic protein (p28) of ehrlichia chaffeensis. the e. ewingii p28 gene homologue was amplified from dna extracted from whole blood obtained from four humans and one canine with confirmed cases of infection. sequencing of the pcr products (505 bp) revealed a partial gene with homology to outer membrane protein genes from ehrlichia and cowdria spp.: p30 of ehrlichia canis (< or =71.3%), ... | 2001 | 11682500 |
| novel ehrlichia genotype detected in dogs in south africa. | dna samples from dogs presenting with symptoms suggestive of canine ehrlichiosis, but with no morulae detected on blood smears, frequently failed to give a positive reaction with a north american ehrlichia canis-specific pcr assay targeting the 16s rrna gene. we suspected the presence of a pathogen genetically different from north american e. canis, and we performed experiments to test this hypothesis. dna from one canine blood sample was subjected to pcr with primers designed to amplify ehrlich ... | 2001 | 11682562 |
| cultivation of ehrlichia canis in a continuous balb/c mouse macrophage cell culture line. | this report describes the successful adaptation of the israeli isolate of ehrlichia canis on a continuous mouse macrophage cell line (j774.a1). successful infection of the j774.ai cells was first judged by the direct immunofluorescence antibody test using an anti-e. canis-igg:fitc conjugate. a particular property of infected j774.a1 cells was the ability to reestablish after harvesting of the monolayer by scaping. infected cells were used as antigen for immunofluorescence antibody tests (ifa), a ... | 2001 | 11724145 |
| detection and identification of spotted fever group rickettsiae and ehrlichiae in african ticks. | rickettsia africae, a recently identified pathogen, was detected for the first time in amblyomma ticks from niger, mali, burundi, and sudan, and "r. mongolotimonae" was identified for the first time in africa. rickettsiae of unknown pathogenicity and two new ehrlichiae of the ehrlichia canis group were identified in ticks from mali and niger. | 2001 | 11747731 |
| canine distemper infections, with special reference to south africa, with a review of the literature. | canine distemper virus is a member of the genus morbillivirus of the family paramyxoviridae that causes severe disease in dogs and a range of wild mammals. the clinical signs relate essentially to the respiratory, gastrointestinal and central nervous systems. in south africa, infection with ehrlichia canis and canine parvovirus may present similarly many dogs will initially present with a wide range of central nervous system signs without any history of systemic disease. a recent south african s ... | 2001 | 11811699 |
| detection of ehrlichia canis in canine carrier blood and in individual experimentally infected ticks with a p30-based pcr assay. | detection of vector-borne pathogens is necessary for investigation of their association with vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. the ability to detect ehrlichia spp. within individual experimentally infected ticks would be valuable for studies to evaluate the relative competence of different vector species and transmission scenarios. the purpose of this study was to develop a sensitive pcr assay based on oligonucleotide sequences from the unique ehrlichia canis gene, p30, to facilitate studies th ... | 2002 | 11825969 |
| development and application of quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay based on the abi 7700 system (taqman) for detection and quantification of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | numerous reports have described diagnostic methods based on the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) used to detect mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the causative agent of johne's disease. the result of conventional pcr tests has been only qualitative, either positive or negative; it does not present any quantitative information about the number of the agents in the specimen. a quantitative pcr method (is900 taqman) was developed to measure the number of m. a. paratuberculosis organisms p ... | 2002 | 11939333 |
| identification and functional analysis of an immunoreactive dsba-like thio-disulfide oxidoreductase of ehrlichia spp. | novel homologous dsba-like disulfide bond formation (dsb) proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis were identified which restored dsba activity in complemented escherichia coli dsba mutants. recombinant ehrlichia dsb (edsb) proteins were recognized by sera from e. canis-infected dogs but not from e. chaffeensis-infected patients. the edsb proteins were observed primarily in the periplasm of e. chaffeensis and e. canis. | 2002 | 11953415 |
| comparison of three enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays with the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test for the diagnosis of canine infection with ehrlichia canis. | the aim of this study was to compare three different enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays (recombinant major antigenic protein 2 (rmap2)-elisa, the immunocomb (biogal, israel) and the snap 3dx assay (idexx laboratories inc., usa)) with the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test in detecting anti-ehrlichia canis immunoglobulin-g (igg) antibodies. samples tested were collected from dogs suspected to be naturally infected with e. canis and from experimentally infected dogs. when qualitative results ... | 2002 | 11955786 |
| serum hyperviscosity syndrome associated with ehrlichia canis infection in a dog. | a 10-year-old male lhasa apso was examined because of pyrexia, vomiting, weight loss, lethargy, and disorientation. the clinical and laboratory findings were supportive of a diagnosis of serum hyperviscosity syndrome associated with an ehrlichia canis infection. after tetracycline therapy the serum hyperviscosity syndrome and e. canis infection were successfully resolved. | 1983 | 12002576 |
| causes of uveitis in dogs: 102 cases (1989-2000). | uveitis is one of the most common ocular diseases and one of the most common causes of blindness in dogs. the purpose of this retrospective study was to correlate the signalment, history, clinical signs and ophthalmic findings of dogs with uveitis with the underlying etiology. we conducted a retrospective study of 102 dogs presented to the ncsu-vth from 1989 to 2000 with clinical signs of uveitis. medical records of dogs presented for uveitis were reviewed. dogs were included in the study only i ... | 2002 | 12071865 |