Publications

ceftriaxone in acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.	a group of 36 patients, admitted to hospital because of acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, were treated with once daily injections of ceftriaxone for 10 days, 17 receiving 1 g injections and 19 patients 2 g doses. at the end of treatment (day 11) six patients remained infected (three with branhamella catarrhalis and three with pseudomonas aeruginosa) but during the 7 follow-up days 12 patients developed infections with beta-lactamase producing strains of bran. catarrhalis, ps. a ...	1984	6097574
branhamella catarrhalis: pathogen or opportunist?		1982	6122859
branhamella catarrhalis.		1982	6122997
atypical croup and branhamella catarrhalis.		1982	6123864
[gamma-glutamyl-transferase activity in the family "neisseriaceae" (author's transl)].	members of the family neisseriaceae (554 strains) were screened for gamma-glutamyl-transferase (gamma gt) activity. gamma gt was produced by neisseria meningitidis but not produced by any strain of n. gonorrhoeae, n. lactamica and branhamella catarrhalis. most non-proteolytic acinetobacter calcoaceticus produced gamma gt whereas most a. lwoffii failed to produce gamma gt.	1982	6125120
clinical and microbiological features of branhamella catarrhalis bronchopulmonary infections.	branhamella catarrhalis bronchopulmonary infection was diagnosed in 101 patients with clinical lower respiratory tract infections by the presence of gram-negative intracellular diplococci in sputum and growth of more than 20 colonies of b catarrhalis in quantitative culture at a 10(-7) dilution. 94 patients had either chronic chest disease or were current or previous smokers, 59 had a cause of generalised immunosuppression, and 17 had a high risk of aspiration from the oropharynx. the pathogenic ...	1984	6143094
branhamella catarrhalis (beta lactamase positive) ophthalmia neonatorum.		1984	6147687
superoxol and amylase inhibition tests for distinguishing gonococcal and nongonococcal cultures growing on selective media.	two inexpensive screening tests were evaluated singly and in tandem for distinguishing neisseria gonorrhoeae from other oxidase-positive microorganisms growing on selective gonococcal media. in tests of 728 cultures, including 460 n. gonorrhoeae, 4 neisseria lactamica, 257 neisseria meningitidis, and 7 branhamella catarrhalis, both superoxol (30% h2o2; j. t. baker chemical co., phillipsburg, n.j.) and amylase inhibition tests were 100% sensitive (positive) for 20-h cultures of n. gonorrhoeae. si ...	1984	6205016
latamoxef (moxalactam) in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.	forty-three patients admitted to the hospital with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with latamoxef (moxalactam) twice daily intramuscularly for 10 days. five patients received 0.5 g injections, 23 patients 1 g and 15 patients were given 2 g. three patients dropped out of the study; one died suddenly, one was treated with another antibiotic because of suspected gram-negative pneumonia and one developed pneumococcal septicaemia after the active treatment course. most strains ...	1983	6219980
[branhamella catarrhalis in infectious pathology of the respiratory tract].	branhamella catarrhalis has long been considered as a commensal of the upper respiratory tract. however, since 1972 several studies have shown that it can be responsible for respiratory tract infections. by isolating this micro-organism in sputum or nasal smear of 44 hospital patients we were able to confirm this finding, while delineating some of the clinical features of the infections observed. in all 44 patients these were mild infections, yet treatment appeared to be necessary in view of the ...	1983	6226017
[branhamella catarrhalis septicemia in a granulocytopenic patient].		1984	6237339
the igg subclass responses of human lymphocytes to b-cell activators.	the induction of igg synthesis by normal human lymphocytes in response to a range of b-cell activators has been studied by indirect cytoplasmic immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to the four igg subclasses. considerable variation was found between cells from different donors tested with the same activator but the following trends were observed:- epstein-barr virus and branhamella catarrhalis induced a predominantly igg3 response, whereas the most prevalent cells in cultures stimulate ...	1983	6311731
comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fr 17027, a new orally active cephalosporin.	fr 17027, a new orally absorbed cephalosporin ester, inhibited group a and b streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than or equal to 0.1 micrograms/ml, which is similar to the inhibition concentration of amoxicillin and cefaclor, and was more active than cephalexin. it was less active (mic, 25 micrograms/ml) against staphylococci than was cephalexin, and it did not inhibit streptococcus faecalis or listeria monocytogenes. fr 17027 inhibited beta-lactamase-producing isolates of neisser ...	1984	6333207
in vitro activity of ciprofloxacin against bacteroides, haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis.		1984	6333337
nasopharyngeal carriage of bacteria in otitis-prone and non-otitis-prone children in day-care centres.	during a 2-year period nasopharyngeal specimens were taken monthly on scheduled occasions as well as at episodes of acute otitis media (aom) from a population of children attending day-care centres. the carriage rates of pneumococci, haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis in 26 otitis-prone (op) children when asymptomatic and at episodes of aom were compared with the carriage rates in 36 non-otitis-prone (nop) children. pneumococci, h. influenzae and b. catarrhalis were found as freq ...	1984	6333772
pathogenicity of branhamella catarrhalis.	branhamella catarrhalis--a gram-negative diplococcus--differs biochemically from other neisseriaceae and possesses a specific protein with antigenic properties. although scattered cases of meningitis and endocarditis have been reported since 1907, b. catarrhalis has been considered a non-pathogenic, pharyngeal commensal. however, relatively recent reports have shown b. catarrhalis to play a significant role in the etiology of otitis media and bronchopulmonary infections. some reports also indica ...	1984	6333774
branhamella catarrhalis: an unappreciated pulmonary pathogen.	branhamella catarrhalis is being increasingly identified as an important pulmonary pathogen, particularly in elderly patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. this gram-negative diplococcus can readily be isolated and detected in respiratory secretions. laboratory identification requires care and beta-lactamase testing. recognition of lower respiratory tract disease caused by b. catarrhalis is rewarding, since safe and effective therapy exists to treat these patients.	1984	6333806
bacteriology of chronic tonsillitis in young adults.	tonsils were obtained from 22 young adults (mean age, 23 years) suffering from chronic tonsillitis. mixed aerobic and anaerobic flora was obtained from core tonsillar cultures in all patients, yielding an average of 9.0 isolates (5.3 anaerobes and 3.7 aerobes) per specimen. the predominant anaerobic isolates were bacteroides sp, fusobacterium sp, and gram-positive cocci. the predominant aerobic isolates were alpha-hemolytic streptococci, staphylococcus aureus, branhamella catarrhalis, beta-hemol ...	1984	6334513
[branhamella catarrhalis--a respiratory tract pathogen with the ability to produce beta-lactamases].		1984	6334796
branhamella catarrhalis as a cause of bacteremic pneumonia.	a new enzyme immunoassay was used to confirm the pathogenetic role of branhamella catarrhalis in a diabetic young man with pneumonia affecting the left lower lobe with pleural involvement. his temperature rise was only minimal, but his esr and blood leucocyte count were elevated and one blood culture grew b. catarrhalis. the levels of branhamella antibodies of the igg and iga classes were high and rose during the infection.	1983	6342127
development of a test system for rapid differentiation of neisseria and haemophilus spp.	a qualitative micromethod (ids rapid nh system) employing conventional and single-substrate enzyme tests was developed for the biochemical characterization of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other gram-negative species. a total of over 140 dehydrated, miniaturized biochemical tests were investigated for their ability to distinguish species. computer-assisted test selection and pair separation analysis of the data allowed the selection of 11 4-h tests that would identify haemophilus and nei ...	1983	6358247
antibiotic sensitivity of haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes and branhamella catarrhalis isolated from upper respiratory tract infections in sweden.	isolates of haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes and branhamella catarrhalis were collected from five laboratories in different geographical areas in sweden. nine hundred and fortyfour strains were tested by the agar dilution method for susceptibility to seven oral antibiotics: phenoximethylpenicillin, ampicillin, cefaclor, erythromycin, doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol. the h. influenzae and b. catarrhalis strains were also teste ...	1983	6359377
treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis in childhood: a comparative study of amoxicillin and cefaclor.	maxillary sinus aspiration and quantitative culture of the aspirate were performed in 50 patients, ranging in age from 1 to 16 years, with clinical and radiographic evidence of acute sinusitis. of 79 sinuses aspirated, at least one was found to be infected in 35 (70%) children. streptococcus pneumoniae, branhamella catarrhalis, and haemophilus influenzae were the most common organisms recovered. all h. influenzae were nontypeable. twenty percent of the h. influenzae and 27% of the b. catarrhalis ...	1984	6363660
the antimicrobial activity of cephalexin against old and new pathogens.	the present report reviews the significant in vitro characteristics of cephalexin based on data published since 1967 (wick, 1967). whenever possible, current data on the action spectrum of cephalexin are compared with previous results, and the significance of in vitro activity to therapeutic efficacy is evaluated in the light of current clinical reports. recent observations are presented on the in vitro action of cephalexin against newly recognized bacterial pathogens, such as beta-lactamase-pro ...	1983	6364091
use of the api neident system for identification of pathogenic neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis.	the api neident system (analytab products, plainview, n.y.) was evaluated for identifying neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis commonly isolated from clinical specimens. the system identified 90% of 303 neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates, 71% of 113 neisseria meningitidis isolates, and 63% of 16 neisseria lactamica isolates but failed to identify any of 22 b. catarrhalis isolates. testing of gonococcal strains of various auxotypes revealed no relationship between nutritional requirements and n ...	1984	6371040
the significance of nongonococcal, nonmeningococcal neisseria isolates from blood cultures.	nongonococcal, nonmeningococcal neisseriae are part of the normal respiratory flora and infrequently cause disease. these organisms include neisseria lactamica, neisseria mucosa, neisseria sicca, neisseria flavescens, neisseria subflava , neisseria perflava , neisseria flava , and branhamella catarrhalis (previously classified as neisseria catarrhalis). blood cultures positive for these bacteria have been associated with serious infections, including endocarditis, septicemia, and meningitis. in ...	1984	6374834
secretory otitis media: microbiology of the middle ear and the nasopharynx.	specimens for bacterial culture were obtained from 117 children with secretory otitis media (som). from the nasopharynx streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis and group a streptococci were isolated in 79% of the patients. of 168 ear exudates, 30 yielded growth (18%) from 26 of the patients (22%). pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides could not be detected in exudates assayed by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. the recovery rate of bacteria from the ear exudates wa ...	1984	6387891
acute otitis media in older children and adults treated with phenoxymethyl penicillin or erythromycin stearate. bacteriological and immunological aspects.	seventy-eight patients, all over 10 years of age, with clinical signs of acute otitis media, received either phenoxymethyl penicillin or erythromycin stearate, in a randomized manner, and the clinical, bacteriological and immunological effects were studied. haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae were the major pathogens isolated from the nasopharynx in 30 and 28 patients, respectively. increased levels of c-reactive protein (crp) were detected in 53 (68%) of the patients. there was ...	1983	6416018
bronchopulmonary infection due to branhamella catarrhalis.	over six months branhamella catarrhalis was isolated in pure culture from the sputum of 81 patients with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection. of 38 patients who were infected in the community, over half required admission to hospital. the remaining 43 patients acquired the infection in hospital. forty one of the 81 isolates produced beta-lactamase, 24 of these being hospital acquired infections. as a result 40% of patients who were treated with ampicillin did not respond. most patients ...	1983	6416451
differentiation of gonococcal and non-gonococcal neisseriae by the superoxol test.	we evaluated the superoxol (catalase) test as a means of differentiating gonococci from related species of organisms which were cultured from a variety of anatomical sites. an isolate was almost certainly not a gonococcus if it gave a negative superoxol test result, as all but one of 596 available gonococci gave positive test results. however, a proportion of the non-gonococcal neisseriae and isolates of branhamella catarrhalis, also gave positive test results. the superoxol test is thus a usefu ...	1984	6423211
conjugation of plasmids of neisseria gonorrhoeae to other neisseria species: potential reservoirs for the beta-lactamase plasmid.	the discovery that penicillinase production in neisseria gonorrhoeae was plasmid mediated and the spread of the beta-lactamase encoding plasmids in gonococcal isolates since 1976, raise the possibility that a nonpathogenic indigenous bacterium could serve as a reservoir for these plasmids. we initiated studies to define the ability of commensal neisseria species and branhamella catarrhalis strains, as well as strains of the pathogen neisseria meningitidis, to serve as recipients in conjugation w ...	1984	6434640
[characteristics of nonpathogenic neisseria and branhamella catarrhalis based on cytopathogenicity].	the study of the action of 12 neisseria species belonging to 112 strains, 6 b. catarrhalis strains and 202 meningococcal strains on the culture of continuous cell line f1 (human amniotic cells) has revealed that nonpathogenic neisseria are essentially weaker than meningococci in their pathogenicity (expressed in terms of cpd50). among nonpathogenic neisseria highly cytopathogenic strains occur in 13.9% of cases, which gives grounds for considering them opportunistic bacteria. sharply pronounced ...	1984	6435356
evaluation of gonochek-ii as a rapid identification system for pathogenic neisseria species.	the gonochek-ii test kit (e-y laboratories, san mateo, calif.) may be used to rapidly identify (within 30 min) neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, neisseria lactamica, and branhamella catarrhalis. the kit consists of oxidase swabs, chromogenic substrates, and ey-20 reagent (diazonium salt derivative). a beta-lactamase tube is also included. fifty-two clinical isolates were tested from cervical (22 isolates), urethral (13), throat (11), rectal (5), and urine (1) sources. all strains we ...	1984	6436315
[6 cases with chronic lower airway infection due to branhamella catarrhalis assessed by transtracheal aspiration--with special reference to polymicrobial infection].		1984	6436402
activity of common antibiotics against branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, pneumococci, group a streptococci and staphylococcus aureus in 1983.	the activity of phenoxymethylpenicillin (pcv), ampicillin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, co trimoxazole, doxycycline and erythromycin against clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, pneumococci, group a streptococci and staphylococcus aureus in 1983 was investigated with the mic-method (plate-dilution technique). forty-six percent of b. catarrhalis, 2% of h. influenzae and 78% of s. aureus were beta-lactamase producing and had high mic-values for penicillin ...	1984	6437134
immunological identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae with monoclonal and polyclonal antibody coagglutination reagents.	the reliability of immunological identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae using polyclonal and monoclonal antibody coagglutination reagents has been evaluated. when clinical isolates of neisseriae were tested in an "in use" trial the sensitivity and specificity of each reagent were similar and the overall agreement with carbohydrate utilisation was 97.9% (141/144) for the polyclonal antibody reagent and 97.2% (140/144) for the monoclonal reagent. when results of testing 13 stock cultures of n lac ...	1984	6438184
[a case of legionnaires' disease and branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia complicated with malignant lymphoma].		1984	6440926
a study by high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of relationships between neisseria gonorrhoeae and other bacteria.	high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to analyse the soluble proteins from seven strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae, six strains of neisseria meningitidis and one or two strains of twelve other species. approximately 200 individual polypeptides could be visualized as coomassie blue stained spots on an electrophoretogram of n. gonorrhoeae and similar numbers were found for the other bacteria. each species of bacterium had a distinctly different pattern of spots ...	1984	6440950
antimicrobial susceptibility of branhamella catarrhalis isolates from bronchopulmonary infections.	fifty-four clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis from patients with bronchopulmonary infections were studied. the mics for 50 and 90% of the isolates and the geometric mean mics were determined for 11 antimicrobial agents. all the strains were resistant to trimethoprim but were susceptible to clavulanate-potentiated amoxicillin (augmentin; beecham research laboratories, london), chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole, erythromycin, cefotaxime, and cefuroxime. beta-lactamase-negative strains were ...	1984	6508272
erythromycin in the treatment of otitis media with effusion (ome).	previous studies have shown erythromycin to penetrate into both the middle-ear effusion and the adenoid tissue in children with otitis media with effusion (ome). the levels obtained were similar to the plasma levels. cultures in long-standing cases of ome have yielded respiratory pathogens--haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis--in the nasopharynx in 79 per cent and in the middle-ear effusion in 18 per cent. in the present investigation a group of children ...	1984	6540792
diagnostic value of interactions between members of the family neisseriaceae and lectins.	the lectin slide agglutination test for neisseria gonorrhoeae has been modified and improved. results show that wheat germ agglutinin and soybean lectin agglutinate 100% (193 of 193 tested) of clinical isolates of n. gonorrhoeae. lectin-reactive meningococci can be readily identified by the hydrolysis of gamma-glutamyl-beta-naphthylamide. branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria lactamica, neisseria sicca, neisseria subflava, neisseria perflava, and meningococcal serogroups a, b, c, x, y, and z do not ...	1984	6546936
[antibiotic sensitivity of branhamella catarrhalis isolated from respiratory tract infections].	the efficacy of antibiotics including some newly developed penicillins and cephems on clinically isolated branhamella catarrhalis was evaluated in vitro. among 44 strains of b. catarrhalis which were isolated from expectorated sputum of patients with respiratory tract infections 36 strains were proved to produce beta-lactamase. mics of penicillins for beta-lactamase positive strains ranged from less than or equal to 0.05 to 3.13 micrograms/ml, while those for beta-lactamase negative strains were ...	1984	6567671
clinical aspects on bacterial infections in the upper respiratory tract.	acute respiratory tract infections represent the major cause of morbidity in younger age groups. most of these infections involve the upper respiratory tract. the frequency of respiratory tract infections vary not only with age, but also with season of the year and the epidemiological situation. surveys of the incidence and aetiology of these infections must therefore cover large populations during relatively long periods of time. in the developed countries, the mortality in respiratory tract in ...	1983	6580730
treatment of maxillary sinusitis.	most patients with sinusitis are treated by general practitioners. since these doctors generally do not puncture the maxillary sinus, they can not be certain that the patient has a purulent sinus infection, which is the most important sign for determining whether or not the patient should have an antibiotic. thus, the doctor has to rely on symptoms that are most characteristic of a purulent sinusitis. the symptoms are described and the bacteria most frequently seen in sinusitis are mentioned (ha ...	1983	6580735
bacteriological aspects of infections of the upper respiratory tract.	in this introductory presentation, the bacteriology of acute otitis media, sinusitis and orofacial infections is surveyed, and recent data on antibiotic resistance of the most common pathogenic bacteria are reported. in addition, the difference in the immunogenic effect of capsular polysaccharides from pneumococci and haemophilus influenzae in children of different ages is mentioned. in acute otitis media and sinusitis, pneumococci and h. influenzae are the most common isolates followed in frequ ...	1983	6580737
branhamella catarrhalis septicaemia in a granulocytopenic patient.	a patient with acute leukaemia developed a maxillary sinusitis and septicaemia with branhamella catarrhalis during the period of bone marrow hypoplasia. one blood culture also grew staphylococcus aureus. in the same period, the patient developed tender red skin lesions and disseminated intra-vascular coagulation. the patient recovered when therapy with high dosages of amoxicillin was instituted. at the same time, however, the bone marrow recovered.	1984	6590467
bacterial infections of the upper respiratory airways and beta-lactam antibiotics.	infections of the upper respiratory tract, including the middle ear cleft, still create therapeutic problems. although rhinitis is usually a virus infection, the infection of the paranasal sinuses are almost invariably of bacterial origin. pneumococci, h. influenzae and anaerobes are the bacterial species most frequently isolated. in acute otitis media, pneumococci, h. influenzae and as demonstrated during the last few years, branhamella catarrhalis constitutes the main pathogens. anaerobes domi ...	1984	6597557
beta-lactam antibiotics in lower respiratory tract infections.	like in any infection, the choice of antibacterials in pulmonary infections of known bacterial etiology is simple. when etiology is not known, the choice must rest upon knowledge of the epidemiology of lower respiratory infections and the antibacterial spectrum of the antibiotics in question. the epidemiology of community-acquired lower respiratory infections is not too well studied. however, some studies indicate that approximately 50% of lower respiratory infections are caused by bacteria amon ...	1984	6597558
beta-lactamase-producing branhamella catarrhalis causing otitis media in children.		1983	6600498
emergence of beta-lactamase-producing strains of branhamella catarrhalis as important agents of acute otitis media.	we performed a prospective study to monitor changes in the bacterial etiology of acute otitis media. branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from middle ear exudates of 3 of 47 children (6.4%) studied between september 1979 and september 1980 and from 26 of 98 children (26.5%) studied between october 1980 and february 1982 (p = 0.0055). twenty of 26 b. catarrhalis strains (76.9%) were found to be resistant to ampicillin and to produce beta-lactamase. in contrast only 2 of 26 strains of haemophilus ...	1983	6601266
fatal sepsis due to branhamella catarrhalis and hemophilus influenzae in a child with selective igg deficiency.		1983	6603206
transfer of beta-lactamase production in branhamella catarrhalis.	a beta-lactamase positive branhamella catarrhalis strain, b.c. 002 pcr, is described. the strain has the ability to transfer beta-lactamase production. the strain was isolated from nasopharynx in an adult patient with long-standing laryngitis. it showed atypical colony morphology.	1983	6603655
nasopharyngeal flora and acute otitis media.	a semiquantitative nasopharyngeal culture was found to be sensitive and specific in predicting middle ear pathogens in children with acute bacterial otitis media. in nasopharyngeal specimens with growth of at least 1,000 colonies, the tympanocentesis isolate was present and was either the predominant isolate or accounted for 50% of growth in 16 of 16 children. data suggest that virulence of nasopharyngeal organisms plays a role in the pathogenesis of acute otitis media. qualitative differences w ...	1983	6604029
the origin and properties of beta-lactamase satellite bands seen in isoelectric focusing.	citrobacter diversus 2046e and branhamella catarrhalis 2001e each produce a constitutive, chromosomally mediated broad-spectrum beta-lactamase. isoelectric focusing of both enzymes revealed patterns of multiple 'satellite' bands. the principal satellite bands of each enzyme were isolated and characterized. individual bands of each enzyme gave similar substrate profiles, molecular weights and responses to inhibitors to one another. the results support the theory that satellite bands are due to th ...	1983	6604722
influence of beta-lactamase-producing strains of branhamella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae on certain beta-lactam antibiotics.	ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, cefaclor and cefuroxime were exposed to strains of branhamella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae with and without ability to produce beta-lactamase. the antibiotics were dissolved in phosphate buffer at ph 6, 7 and 8 and the mean enzyme activity was calculated from decrease in peak heights by the hplc technique. cefuroxime was the most stable drug regardless of ph. for the other antibiotics, changes in ph influenced the results. in infectious processes factors ...	1983	6605337
antibacterial activity of nine oral antibiotics against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis.	the efficacy of nine oral antibiotics were analyzed by the agar dilution method against clinical isolates consisting of 87 beta-lactamase positive and negative haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis strains and 30 streptococcus pneumoniae strains. the following drugs were tested: cefaclor, cefalexin, cefadroxil, cefradin, phenoxymethylpenicillin, ampicillin, amoxycillin, erythromycin and doxycycline. inoculations of 10(4) bacteria/plate were made with a steers inoculator on mueller-h ...	1983	6606222
branhamella catarrhalis: antibiotic sensitivities and beta-lactamases.	twenty-eight strains of branhamella catarrhalis, isolated from patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, were tested both for beta-lactamase production and for sensitivity to a wide range of antimicrobial agents. a microtitre broth dilution technique was used for the latter and the mic50, mic90, and geometric mean mic values were all calculated. eleven strains were found to produce beta-lactamases. isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels showed four different band patterns, of ...	1984	6607919
the effect of erythromycin on the nasopharyngeal pathogens in children with secretory otitis media.	seventy-five children not older than 11 years, with secretory otitis media of more than 3 months' duration were randomly divided into two groups prior to myringotomy. one group remained untreated, whereas the other received erythromycin ethylsuccinate (abboticin) in standard dosage for the last 10 days before surgery. nasopharyngeal cultures were taken under general anaesthesia, which ensured an uniform mode of sampling. in the erythromycin-treated group the occurrence of streptococcus pneumonia ...	1984	6609521
emergence of beta-lactamase-producing aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in the oropharynx of children following penicillin chemotherapy.	the acquisition of beta-lactamase-producing aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was investigated in 21 children treated with penicillin for otitis media or pharyngitis and in 18 untreated control children. beta-lactamase-producers were isolated in three children before and in ten children after treatment (p = 0.04). although the variety of bacterial species isolated did not change following treatment, beta-lactamase-producing bacteroides melaninogenicus, b. oralis, and branhamella catarrhalis were en ...	1984	6609794
intrageneric and intergeneric transfer of branhamella catarrhalis beta-lactamase production.	intrageneric and intergeneric conjugational transfer of beta-lactamase production to a branhamella catarrhalis recipient is described. the branhamella donor strains were fresh isolates subcultured onto penicillin-containing media directly from the primary plates. a beta-lactamase positive moraxella nonliquefaciens served as donor in the intergeneric matings. the substrate profiles of the branhamella and moraxella enzymes were indistinguishable as determined by biological assays. excessive endonu ...	1984	6610925
a case of acute catarrhal conjunctivitis due to branhamella catarrhalis.		1983	6633303
isolation of branhamella catarrhalis from sputum and tracheal aspirate.	branhamella catarrhalis was suggested by the presence of gram-negative intracellular diplococci and confirmed by quantitative culture of the expectorated sputa of 11 patients with clinical evidence of lower respiratory tract infection. in quantitative culture, more than 20 colonies of b. catarrhalis were seen in each of the liquefied expectorated sputa at a dilution of 10(-7). transtracheal aspirations were then performed on these 11 patients, and b. catarrhalis was isolated from the lower respi ...	1983	6643672
presence of a new cytochrome b - like pigment with a peak at 567 nm in various aerobic bacteria.	several physiological groups of bacteria were examined for the presence of a cytochrome b - like pigment which is demonstrable in dithionite-reduced minus substrate-reduced difference spectra. this pigment is characterized by an unusually high alpha band at 567 nm, a low concentration relative to conventional cytochromes, and an inability to be fully reduced by endogenous substrates or nadh. previous studies with one denitrifying and nondenitrifying species of the genus pseudomonas, in paracoccu ...	1983	6652580
branhamella catarrhalis septic arthritis.	an adult with spontaneous septic arthritis due to branhamella catarrhalis is described and the literature reviewed. b. catarrhalis is an organism similar to the neisseria species and has been implicated in a variety of systemic infections. as it is frequently resistant to penicillin, cephamycins or third generation cephalosporins may be the empiric drugs of choice for infections caused by this organism.	1983	6663601
branhamella catarrhalis conjunctivitis.		1983	6671177
branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia and immunoglobulin abnormalities: a new association.	a case of branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia in a patient with multiple myeloma is reported. with the inclusion of this case, 5 of 17 (29.4%) reported cases of branhamella pneumonia or empyema have occurred in patients with underlying diseases associated with immunoglobulin abnormalities. this strong clinical association suggests that qualitatively and quantitatively normal immunoglobulins are important host defense mechanisms in preventing infection with this pathogen. the sputum gram stain demo ...	1984	6721286
asthma and bacterial sinusitis in children.	signs, symptoms, and radiographic abnormalities of sinusitis are frequent in children with asthma; it is not known whether sinus inflammation is associated with bacterial infection or other mechanisms. eight asthmatic patients with exacerbation of asthma despite bronchodilator therapy were studied after maxillary sinusitis was confirmed by radiographs. all had cough, wheezing, nasal stuffiness, rhinorrhea and were afebrile. four patients had headaches, and two had facial pain. maxillary sinus as ...	1984	6747140
antibiotic susceptibility of beta-lactamase-producing strains of branhamella (neisseria) catarrhalis.	all 11 clinically significant isolates of branhamella catarrhalis examined in this study were found to produce beta-lactamase. the enzyme was apparently not plasmid associated since extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid was not detected in any of the strains. the beta-lactamase activity of all strains was significantly depressed by the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid and cp 45899. based on comparisons of relative susceptibility to various beta-lactam antibiotics, it was inferred that ...	1980	6766292
penicillinase-producing neisseria gonorrhoeae in the netherlands: epidemiology and genetic and molecular characterization of their plasmids.	penicillinase-producing neisseria gonorrhoeae strains were isolated in the netherlands with increasing frequency during the period of 1976 to 1979. about 3% of the gonococci isolated in the first half of 1979 produced penicillinase. in contrast to the period of 1976 to 1977, most penicillinase-producing n. gonorrhoeae infections during the period of 1978 to 1979 were contracted in the netherlands. the results of genetic and molecular studies on 80 penicillinase-producing n. gonorrhoeae strains w ...	1980	6778387
a protein antigen characteristic of branhamella catarrhalis. serological identification of the genus.	precipitation patterns of sonicated, acid-extracted and other extracts from branhamella catarrhalis were examined by double diffusion-in-gel technique, using antiserum to b. catarrhalis. acid extract gave rise to 4 distinct precipitates. one of these lines was further studied. the bacterial component responsible for this line was trypsin-sensitive, indicating that it was a protein. it was anodally localized by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. by absorption of antiserum with whole bacteria, the pre ...	1980	6781219
identification of problem neisseria gonorrhoeae cultures by standard and experimental tests.	standard and experimental tests were used by a reference diagnostic laboratory to determine the identity of 182 "suspected" neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates submitted by state health departments because of inconclusive laboratory results. more than 97% of these cultures were subsequently identified by a rapid microcarbohydrate test in conjunction with confirmatory immunological procedures. the experimental rapid slide agglutination test using rough-lipopolysaccharide antibody, the phadebact co-agg ...	1982	6804485
in vitro activity of brl 17421 against haemophilus influenzae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and branhamella catarrhalis.	brl 17421, a novel beta-lactam antibiotic, was tested in vitro against fastidious gram-negative bacteria and compared with amoxicillin and amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid. the compound showed good activity against haemophilus influenzae (range of minimal inhibitory concentrations, 0.2 to 1 microgram/ml), neisseria gonorrhoeae (0.007 to 0.5 microgram/ml), and branhamella catarrhalis (0.03 to 0.1 microgram/ml). brl 17421 exhibited excellent stability against the tem-type beta-lactamase of h. infl ...	1982	6805422
serological classification of neisseria gonorrhoeae with monoclonal antibodies.	hybrid cells producing monoclonal antibodies against antigens of neisseria gonorrhoeae were obtained by the polyethylene glycol-mediated fusion of mouse myeloma cells and lymphocytes from mice immunized with gonococcal protein i or outer membrane proteins. from four fusions, 16 phenotypically stable, independently cloned hybrid cell lines were selected for continued study. each of the cell lines produced a characteristically different monoclonal antibody which reacted in immunoprecipitation assa ...	1982	6807844
branhamella catarrhalis infection of the lower respiratory tract: reliable diagnosis by sputum examination.		1982	6814637
bacteria in enteric lesions of cattle.	thirty-nine species of bacteria were isolated from or demonstrated in the abomasal and small and large intestinal mucosa of 23 adult cattle and 41 calves and identified. the bacteria isolated were related to the gross and microscopical lesions. campylobacters, clostridium perfringens type a, c sordellii, actinobacillus lignieresii, fusobacterium necrophorum, mycobacterium paratuberculosis, aeromonas hydrophila and escherichia coli were all associated with specific lesions. the relationship of ot ...	1983	6829137
branhamella catarrhalis conjunctivitis.		1983	6831342
branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia.	the diagnosis of branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia in five cases was established by culture of pulmonary secretions obtained by transtracheal aspiration. b catarrhalis caused an acute lobar pneumonia which usually responded promptly to appropriate antimicrobial therapy. recognition that this organism may cause pneumonia in a nonimmunocompromised person should alert clinicians to consider it as a possible pathogen when gramnegative diplococci are seen on smears of specimens from the lower respira ...	1983	6837019
single-dose pharmacokinetics of intravenous clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in pediatric patients.	pharmacokinetics of a parenteral formulation comprised of 5 parts of amoxicillin and 1 part of clavulanic acid were determined in 12 pediatric patients, 2 to 14 years of age. a single dose amounting to 25 mg of amoxicillin and 5 mg of clavulanic acid per kg of body weight was infused intravenously over 2 min. mean plasma concentrations 5 min after dosing were 89.4 micrograms of amoxicillin per ml and 19.5 micrograms of clavulanic acid per ml. terminal phase plasma half-lives were 1.2 and 0.8 h, ...	1983	6838187
modified oxidation-fermentation medium for detection of acid production from carbohydrates by neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis.	a modified oxidation-fermentation medium was developed as a practical medium for highly sensitive and specific detection of acid production from carbohydrates by neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis. a total of 756 strains representing 17 neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis were tested in this medium, in which the protein concentration was reduced relative to the carbohydrate concentration, phenol red was substituted for bromthymol blue at a low concentration, and the initial ph was ...	1983	6885992
[penicillin-resistant branhamella catarrhalis. frequency and appropriate therapy].		1980	6907614
ophthalmia neonatorum caused by penicillin-resistant branhamella catarrhalis.		1981	6949055
branhamella (neisseria) catarrhalis: criteria for laboratory identification.	eleven clinically significant isolates of branhamella catarrhalis grew well on modified thayer-martin medium and produced beta-lactamase, but did not grow on nutrient agar at 22 degrees c. minimum inhibitory concentrations of vancomycin, colistin, and trimethoprim were found to be higher than the concentrations of these antibiotics in modified thayer-martin medium. the criteria necessary for laboratory identification of b. catarrhalis are discussed.	1980	6965679
disparate cultures of middle ear fluids. results from children with bilateral otitis media.	cultures of middle ear fluids (mefs) are needed to determine both efficacy of antibiotics and vaccines, and microbiologic outcome of otitis media (om). we reviewed data on 221 children, aged 2 months to 12 years; 122 had acute otitis media (aom), 99 had asymptomatic mef. we included only streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and staphylococcus aureus as pathogens. of children with aom, mef was sterile or contained nonpathogens in both ears in 51, and one or m ...	1980	6968508
otitis media caused by beta-lactamase-producing branhamella (neisseria) catarrhalis.	a beta-lactamase-producing branhamella catarrhalis was isolated in pure culture from the right middle ear aspiration of an otitis media in a 3-month-old girl. the patient responded well to cefamandole treatment.	1981	6970205
acute maxillary sinusitis in children.	we sought to correlate the clinical, radiographic, and bacteriologic findings in maxillary sinusitis in 30 children who had both upper-respiratory-tract symptoms and abnormal maxillary radiographs. cough, nasal discharge, and fetid breath were the most common signs, but fever was present inconsistently. facial pain or swelling and headache were prominent symptoms in older children. bacterial colony counts of greater than or equal to 10(4) colony-forming units per milliliter were found in 34 of 4 ...	1981	6970333
formalin-treated bacteria as selective b cell mitogens in the study of lymphocytes from patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia.	staphylococcus aureus strain cowan i, haemophilus influenzae, and branhamella catarrhalis that stimulate human b lymphocytes, but not t lymphocytes, were used to study the b lymphocyte function in patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia. lymphocytes from two patients with no circulating b cells were not stimulated to increased dna synthesis by these bacterial mitogens. the lymphocytes of six patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia and normal numbers of circulating b cells responded to the bacterial mi ...	1980	6971196
branhamella catarrhalis: antibiotic susceptibility and beta-lactamase production.		1981	6971288
formalin-treated bacteria as selective b cell mitogens: results in primary and acquired immunodeficiencies.	the mitogenic activity of the formalin-treated bacterial strains branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae and the cowan i strain of staphylococcus aureus was assessed in peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) from patients with primary immunodeficiencies, acute lymphocytic leukaemia (all), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll) and in umbilical cord blood lymphocytes. the bacteria selectively stimulated b cells, as demonstrated by the finding of a normal de novo dna synthesis in children with a t ...	1981	6976247
beta-lactamases of branhamella catarrhalis and their inhibition by clavulanic acid.	three of four clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis from belgium produced a beta-lactamase identical to enzymes previously reported to occur in french and british isolates of this organism. one strain, however, produced a new type of beta-lactamase. both beta-lactamase types were readily inhibited by low concentrations of clavulanic acid.	1982	6980625
staphylococcus aureus cowan i and branhamella catarrhalis as b lymphocyte mitogens. culture conditions for optimal dna synthesis and selective stimulation of human b lymphocytes.	staphylococcus aureus cowan i and branhamella catarrhalis that selectively stimulate human b lymphocytes to increased dna synthesis in serum-free culture media were shown to do so also in 3 day cultures in medium containing human serum or albumin. after this time the transformed cells expressed little or no surface-bound immunoglobulin and did not form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. when lymphocytes were cultured with bacterial mitogens in the presence of serum or albumin for more than 3 days ...	1982	6980953
[respiratory tract infection with branhamella catarrhalis].		1982	6984859
high isolation rate of branhamella catarrhalis from the nasopharynx in adults with acute laryngitis.	branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from the nasopharynx in 55% of 40 noncompromised adult patients suffering from acute laryngitis. diplococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae were found in another 5 and 8%, respectively; one patient had group a streptococci in the throat specimen. in 90% of the patients the laryngitis complaints were preceded by symptoms of an acute respiratory tract infection. two of the patients with b. catarrhalis showed a significant titre conversion against influen ...	1980	7006061
new method that uses binding of immunoglobulin a to group a streptococcal immunoglobulin a fc receptors for demonstration of microbial immunoglobulin a protease activity.	a new method is described for the detection of bacterial immunoglobulin a (iga) protease which splits iga into fab and fc fragments. the method takes advantage of a recent finding that receptors for iga fragments occur commonly among type 4 group a streptococci. the bacterial preparation to be tested for protease activity was first incubated with radiolabeled purified iga1 myeloma protein, and the proportion of radioactivity bound to a standard suspension of the streptococci was then measured. s ...	1981	7016917
the role of hydrotaea armipes fall. (diptera, muscidae) in the transmission of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis.	the tests to isolate the ibk causative agent moraxella bovis from the flies hydrotaea armipes fall., captured while feeding on tears in the eye region of infected calves, have failed. many successful isolations of branhamella catarrhalis from the digestive tract of the flies and the smears taken from the eyes of the infected calves indicate that this agent is acquired by the flies while sucking tears from the eyes of the sick animals. a similar transmission is presumed by the authors with moraxe ...	1982	7061022
characterization of atypical aerobic gram-negative cocci isolated from humans.	six atypical aerobic gram-negative cocci, isolated from humans, were classified taxonomically by genetic relatedness (dna base pairs and dna homology), fatty acid content, pigment absorption profile, and other physiological and biochemical characteristics. one strain (m448), which produced acid only from glucose, was identified as neisseria meningitidis; one strain (ch), which produced acid from glucose, maltose, and sucrose, was identified as n. gonorrhoea; branhamella catarrhalis was confirmed ...	1982	7096561
a selective medium for non-pathogenic aerobic gram negative cocci from the respiratory tract: with particular reference to branhamella catarrhalis.		1982	7098779
branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia.		1982	7112186
branhamella catarrhalis as a human pathogen and a possible hospital infectant.	branhamella catarrhalis, previously named neisseria catarrhalis and supposed to be a saprophytic inhabitant of the human upper respiratory tract, is a facultative pathogen. it was already proved by other authors to be able to cause serious and even lethal respiratory infections and purulent meningitis. our aim was only to call attention to its repeated and massive isolation of pure culture from nose and throat swabs of hospitalized children who mostly suffered from asthma bronchiale and spastic ...	1981	7198350
branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia: report of two cases and review of the literature.	branhamella (neisseria) catarrhalis is a saprophytic inhabitant of the human oropharynx with the capacity to cause infection, particularly in immunodeficient hosts. there have been 2 cases of branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia reported in the literature. two additional cases are described and the subject reviewed. an 80-yr-old woman with chronic lymphocytic leukemia presented with left lower lobe pneumonia. gram stain of transtracheal aspirate revealed intraleukocytic and extraleukocytic gram-neg ...	1981	7235378
branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory secretions: clinical correlation in 16 cases.	during a two-month period 24 of 1,060 (2.3%) samples of respiratory secretions submitted for culture yielded branhamella catarrhalis in quantities of more than ten colonies per primary plate. fifteen cultures were "pure" (ie, mixed only with normal throat flora). of the 16 patients with positive cultures, 14 showed preexisting disease, and 15 had respiratory symptoms. twelve of 13 patients studied showed more than 10 wbcs/lpf in the direct smear. it is concluded that b catarrhalis should be look ...	1981	7280758