Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| quantitative proteomics reveals the defense response of wheat against puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. | wheat stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), is considered one of the most aggressive diseases to wheat production. in this study, we used an itraq-based approach for the quantitative proteomic comparison of the incompatible pst race cyr23 in infected and non-infected leaves of the wheat cultivar suwon11. a total of 3,475 unique proteins were identified from three key stages of interaction (12, 24, and 48 h post-inoculation) and control groups. quantitative analysis sh ... | 2016 | 27678307 |
| arabidopsis mutant bik1 exhibits strong resistance to plasmodiophora brassicae. | botrytis-induced kinase1 (bik1), a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, plays an important role in resistance against pathogens and insects in arabidopsis thaliana. however, it remains unknown whether bik1 functions against plasmodiophora brassicae, an obligate biotrophic protist that attacks cruciferous plants and induces gall formation on roots. here, we investigated the potential roles of receptors fls2, bak1, and bik1 in the infection of p. brassicae cruciferous plants. wild-type plants, fls2, ... | 2016 | 27679580 |
| plant tolerance: a unique approach to control hemipteran pests. | plant tolerance to insect pests has been indicated to be a unique category of resistance, however, very little information is available on the mechanism of tolerance against insect pests. tolerance is distinctive in terms of the plant's ability to withstand or recover from herbivore injury through growth and compensatory physiological processes. because plant tolerance involves plant compensatory characteristics, the plant is able to harbor large numbers of herbivores without interfering with th ... | 2016 | 27679643 |
| bacterial multidrug efflux pumps: much more than antibiotic resistance determinants. | bacterial multidrug efflux pumps are antibiotic resistance determinants present in all microorganisms. with few exceptions, they are chromosomally encoded and present a conserved organization both at the genetic and at the protein levels. in addition, most, if not all, strains of a given bacterial species present the same chromosomally-encoded efflux pumps. altogether this indicates that multidrug efflux pumps are ancient elements encoded in bacterial genomes long before the recent use of antibi ... | 2016 | 27681908 |
| map-based cloning and characterization of the bph18 gene from wild rice conferring resistance to brown planthopper (bph) insect pest. | brown planthopper (bph) is a phloem sap-sucking insect pest of rice which causes severe yield loss. we cloned the bph18 gene from the bph-resistant introgression line derived from the wild rice species oryza australiensis. map-based cloning and complementation test revealed that the bph18 encodes cc-nbs-nbs-lrr protein. bph18 has two nbs domains, unlike the typical nbs-lrr proteins. the bph18 promoter::gus transgenic plants exhibited strong gus expression in the vascular bundles of the leaf shea ... | 2016 | 27682162 |
| a non canonical subtilase attenuates the transcriptional activation of defence responses in arabidopsis thaliana. | proteases play crucial physiological functions in all organisms by controlling the lifetime of proteins. here, we identified an atypical protease of the subtilase family [sbt5.2(b)] that attenuates the transcriptional activation of plant defence independently of its protease activity. the sbt5.2 gene produces two distinct transcripts encoding a canonical secreted subtilase [sbt5.2(a)] and an intracellular protein [sbt5.2(b)]. concomitant to sbt5.2(a) downregulation, sbt5.2(b) expression is induc ... | 2016 | 27685353 |
| contrasting regulation of no and ros in potato defense-associated metabolism in response to pathogens of different lifestyles. | our research provides new insights into how the low and steady-state levels of nitric oxide (no) and reactive oxygen species (ros) in potato leaves are altered after the challenge with the hemibiotroph phytophthora infestans or the necrotroph botrytis cinerea, with the subsequent rapid and invader-dependent modification of defense responses with opposite effects. mainly in the avirulent (avr) p. infestans-potato system, no well balanced with the superoxide level was tuned with a battery of sa-de ... | 2016 | 27695047 |
| expression of the grape vqsts21 gene in arabidopsis confers resistance to osmotic stress and biotrophic pathogens but not botrytis cinerea. | stilbene synthase (sts) is a key gene in the biosynthesis of various stilbenoids, including resveratrol and its derivative glucosides (such as piceid), that has been shown to contribute to disease resistance in plants. however, the mechanism behind such a role has yet to be elucidated. furthermore, the function of sts genes in osmotic stress tolerance remains unclear. as such, we sought to elucidate the role of sts genes in the defense against biotic and abiotic stress in the model plant arabido ... | 2016 | 27695466 |
| apoplastic recognition of multiple candidate effectors from the wheat pathogen zymoseptoria tritici in the nonhost plant nicotiana benthamiana. | the fungus zymoseptoria tritici is a strictly apoplastic, host-specific pathogen of wheat leaves and causal agent of septoria tritici blotch (stb) disease. all other plants are considered nonhosts, but the mechanism of nonhost resistance (nhr) to z. tritici has not been addressed previously. we sought to develop nicotiana benthamiana as a system to study nhr against z. tritici. fluorescence microscopy and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions were used to establish the in ... | 2016 | 27696417 |
| apoplastic recognition of multiple candidate effectors from the wheat pathogen zymoseptoria tritici in the nonhost plant nicotiana benthamiana. | the fungus zymoseptoria tritici is a strictly apoplastic, host-specific pathogen of wheat leaves and causal agent of septoria tritici blotch (stb) disease. all other plants are considered nonhosts, but the mechanism of nonhost resistance (nhr) to z. tritici has not been addressed previously. we sought to develop nicotiana benthamiana as a system to study nhr against z. tritici. fluorescence microscopy and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions were used to establish the in ... | 2016 | 27696417 |
| bioprospecting for secondary metabolites in the entomopathogenic bacterium photorhabdus luminescens subsp. sonorensis. | crude extracts of in vitro and in vivo cultures of two strains of photorhabdus l. sonorensis (enterobacteriaceae) were analyzed by tlc, hplc-uv and lc-ms. nine unique compounds with mass/charge ratios (m/z) ranging from 331.3 to 713.5 were found in ms analyses. bioactivity of extracts was assessed on a selection of plant pathogens/pests and non-target species. caborca strain extracts showed the highest activity against helicoverpa zea (lepidoptera: noctuidae) neonates at all concentrations teste ... | 2016 | 27702563 |
| regulation of stomatal defense by air relative humidity. | it has long been observed that environmental conditions play crucial roles in modulating immunity and disease in plants and animals. for instance, many bacterial plant disease outbreaks occur after periods of high humidity and rain. a critical step in bacterial infection is entry into the plant interior through wounds and natural openings, such as stomata, which are adjustable microscopic pores in the epidermal tissue. several studies have shown that stomatal closure is an integral part of the p ... | 2016 | 27702841 |
| protein domain architectures provide a fast, efficient and scalable alternative to sequence-based methods for comparative functional genomics. | a functional comparative genome analysis is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying bacterial evolution and adaptation. detection of functional orthologs using standard global sequence similarity methods faces several problems; the need for defining arbitrary acceptance thresholds for similarity and alignment length, lateral gene acquisition and the high computational cost for finding bi-directional best matches at a large scale. we investigated the use of protein domain architectures ... | 2016 | 27703668 |
| plant resistance inducers against pathogens in solanaceae species-from molecular mechanisms to field application. | this review provides a current summary of plant resistance inducers (pris) that have been successfully used in the solanaceae plant family to protect against pathogens by activating the plant's own defence. solanaceous species include many important crops such as potato and tomato. we also present findings regarding the molecular processes after application of pris, even if the number of such studies still remains limited in this plant family. in general, there is a lack of patterns regarding th ... | 2016 | 27706100 |
| inducible expression of the de-novo designed antimicrobial peptide sp1-1 in tomato confers resistance to xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are small peptides with less than 50 amino acids and are part of the innate immune response in almost all organisms, including bacteria, vertebrates, invertebrates and plants. amps are active against a broad-spectrum of pathogens. the inducible expression of amps in plants is a promising approach to combat plant pathogens with minimal negative side effects, such as phytotoxicity or infertility. in this study, inducible expression of the de-novo designed amp sp1-1 in ... | 2016 | 27706237 |
| multidrug efflux pumps at the crossroad between antibiotic resistance and bacterial virulence. | multidrug efflux pumps can be involved in bacterial resistance to antibiotics at different levels. some efflux pumps are constitutively expressed at low levels and contribute to intrinsic resistance. in addition, their overexpression may allow higher levels of resistance. this overexpression can be transient, in the presence of an effector (phenotypic resistance), or constitutive when mutants in the regulatory elements of the expression of efflux pumps are selected (acquired resistance). efflux ... | 2016 | 27708632 |
| gene overexpression resources in cereals for functional genomics and discovery of useful genes. | identification and elucidation of functions of plant genes is valuable for both basic and applied research. in addition to natural variation in model plants, numerous loss-of-function resources have been produced by mutagenesis with chemicals, irradiation, or insertions of transposable elements or t-dna. however, we may be unable to observe loss-of-function phenotypes for genes with functionally redundant homologs and for those essential for growth and development. to offset such disadvantages, ... | 2016 | 27708649 |
| arabidopsis thaliana serpins atsrp4 and atsrp5 negatively regulate stress-induced cell death and effector-triggered immunity induced by bacterial effector avrrpt2. | protease inhibitors and their cognate proteases regulate growth, development and defense. serine protease inhibitors (serpins) constitute a large family of genes in most metazoans and plants. drosophila necrotic (nec) gene and its homologues in the mammalian system are well-characterized serpins, which play a role in regulating proteases that participate in cell death pathways. although the arabidopsis genome contains several serpin homologs, biological function is not known for most of them. he ... | 2017 | 27709637 |
| armadillidin h, a glycine-rich peptide from the terrestrial crustacean armadillidium vulgare, displays an unexpected wide antimicrobial spectrum with membranolytic activity. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are key components of innate immunity and are widespread in nature, from bacteria to vertebrate animals. in crustaceans, there are currently 15 distinct amp families published so far in the literature, mainly isolated from members of the decapoda order. up to now, armadillidin is the sole non-decapod amp isolated from the haemocytes of armadillidium vulgare, a crustacean isopod. its first description demonstrated that armadillidin is a linear glycine-rich (47%) cati ... | 2016 | 27713732 |
| glycan-binding f-box protein from arabidopsis thaliana protects plants from pseudomonas syringae infection. | a small group of f-box proteins consisting of a conserved f-box domain linked to a domain homologous to the glycan-binding protein has been identified within the genome of arabidopsis thaliana. previously, the so-called f-box-nictaba protein, encoded by the gene at2g02360, was shown to be a functional lectin which binds n-acetyllactosamine structures. here, we present a detailed qrt-pcr expression analysis of f-box-nictaba in arabidopsis plants upon different stresses and hormone treatments. | 2016 | 27716048 |
| differential coexpression analysis reveals extensive rewiring of arabidopsis gene coexpression in response to pseudomonas syringae infection. | plant defense responses to pathogens involve massive transcriptional reprogramming. recently, differential coexpression analysis has been developed to study the rewiring of gene networks through microarray data, which is becoming an important complement to traditional differential expression analysis. using time-series microarray data of arabidopsis thaliana infected with pseudomonas syringae, we analyzed arabidopsis defense responses to p. syringae through differential coexpression analysis. ov ... | 2016 | 27721457 |
| comparative analyses of tomato yellow leaf curl virus c4 protein-interacting host proteins in healthy and infected tomato tissues. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv), a member of the genus begomovirus, is one of the most important viruses of cultivated tomatoes worldwide, mainly causing yellowing and curling of leaves with stunting in plants. tylcv causes severe problems in sub-tropical and tropical countries, as well as in korea. however, the mechanism of tylcv infection remains unclear, although the function of each viral component has been identified. tylcv c4 codes for a small protein involved in various cellular fun ... | 2016 | 27721687 |
| differential control efficacies of vitamin treatments against bacterial wilt and grey mould diseases in tomato plants. | bacterial wilt and grey mould in tomato plants are economically destructive bacterial and fungal diseases caused by ralstonia solanacearum and botrytis cinerea, respectively. various approaches including chemical and biological controls have been attempted to arrest the tomato diseases so far. in this study, in vitro growths of bacterial r. solanacearum and fungal b. cinerea were evaluated using four different vitamins including thiamine (vitamin b1), niacin (vitamin b3), pyridoxine (vitamin b6) ... | 2016 | 27721697 |
| salicylic acid receptors activate jasmonic acid signalling through a non-canonical pathway to promote effector-triggered immunity. | it is an apparent conundrum how plants evolved effector-triggered immunity (eti), involving programmed cell death (pcd), as a major defence mechanism against biotrophic pathogens, because eti-associated pcd could leave them vulnerable to necrotrophic pathogens that thrive on dead host cells. interestingly, during eti, the normally antagonistic defence hormones, salicylic acid (sa) and jasmonic acid (ja) associated with defence against biotrophs and necrotrophs respectively, both accumulate to hi ... | 2016 | 27725643 |
| plant microbe interactions in post genomic era: perspectives and applications. | deciphering plant-microbe interactions is a promising aspect to understand the benefits and the pathogenic effect of microbes and crop improvement. the advancement in sequencing technologies and various 'omics' tool has impressively accelerated the research in biological sciences in this area. the recent and ongoing developments provide a unique approach to describing these intricate interactions and test hypotheses. in the present review, we discuss the role of plant-pathogen interaction in cro ... | 2016 | 27725809 |
| comparative proteomics reveals that central metabolism changes are associated with resistance against sporisorium scitamineum in sugarcane. | sugarcane smut, which is caused by sporisorium scitamineum, has been threatening global sugarcane production. breeding smut resistant sugarcane varieties has been proven to be the most effective method of controlling this particular disease. however, a lack of genome information of sugarcane has hindered the development of genome-assisted resistance breeding programs. furthermore, the molecular basis of sugarcane response to s. scitamineum infection at the proteome level was incomplete and combi ... | 2016 | 27733120 |
| structural basis for ligand recognition by a cache chemosensory domain that mediates carboxylate sensing in pseudomonas syringae. | chemoreceptors enable bacteria to detect chemical signals in the environment and navigate towards niches that are favourable for survival. the sensor domains of chemoreceptors function as the input modules for chemotaxis systems, and provide sensory specificity by binding specific ligands. cache-like domains are the most common extracellular sensor module in prokaryotes, however only a handful have been functionally or structurally characterised. here, we have characterised a chemoreceptor cache ... | 2016 | 27734909 |
| activation-dependent destruction of a co-receptor by a pseudomonas syringae effector dampens plant immunity. | the arabidopsis immune receptor fls2 and co-receptor bak1 perceive the bacterial flagellin epitope flg22 to activate plant immunity. to prevent this response, phytopathogenic bacteria deploy a repertoire of effector proteins to perturb immune signaling. however, the effector-induced perturbation is often sensed by the host, triggering another layer of immunity. we report that the pseudomonas syringae effector hopb1 acts as a protease to cleave immune-activated bak1. prior to activation, hopb1 co ... | 2016 | 27736646 |
| the type iii secretion system effector seoc of salmonella enterica subsp. salamae and s. enterica subsp. arizonae adp-ribosylates src and inhibits opsonophagocytosis. | salmonella species utilize type iii secretion systems (t3sss) to translocate effectors into the cytosol of mammalian host cells, subverting cell signaling and facilitating the onset of gastroenteritis. in this study, we compared a draft genome assembly of salmonella enterica subsp. salamae strain 3588/07 against the genomes of s. enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strain lt2 and salmonella bongori strain 12419. s. enterica subsp. salamae encodes the salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (s ... | 2016 | 27736780 |
| img/m: integrated genome and metagenome comparative data analysis system. | the integrated microbial genomes with microbiome samples (img/m: https://img.jgi.doe.gov/m/) system contains annotated dna and rna sequence data of (i) archaeal, bacterial, eukaryotic and viral genomes from cultured organisms, (ii) single cell genomes (scg) and genomes from metagenomes (gfm) from uncultured archaea, bacteria and viruses and (iii) metagenomes from environmental, host associated and engineered microbiome samples. sequence data are generated by doe's joint genome institute (jgi), s ... | 2016 | 27738135 |
| img/m: integrated genome and metagenome comparative data analysis system. | the integrated microbial genomes with microbiome samples (img/m: https://img.jgi.doe.gov/m/) system contains annotated dna and rna sequence data of (i) archaeal, bacterial, eukaryotic and viral genomes from cultured organisms, (ii) single cell genomes (scg) and genomes from metagenomes (gfm) from uncultured archaea, bacteria and viruses and (iii) metagenomes from environmental, host associated and engineered microbiome samples. sequence data are generated by doe's joint genome institute (jgi), s ... | 2016 | 27738135 |
| pectocin m1 (pcam1) inhibits escherichia coli cell growth and peptidoglycan biosynthesis through periplasmic expression. | colicins are bacterial toxins produced by some escherichia coli strains. they exhibit either enzymatic or pore-forming activity towards a very limited number of bacterial species, due to the high specificity of their reception and translocation systems. yet, we succeeded in making the colicin m homologue from pectobacterium carotovorum, pectocin m1 (pcam1), capable of inhibiting e. coli cell growth by bypassing these reception and translocation steps. this goal was achieved through periplasmic e ... | 2016 | 27740593 |
| altered meristem program1 has conflicting effects on the tolerance to heat shock and symptom development after pseudomonas syringae infection. | an arabidopsis thaliana altered meristem program1 (atamp1), which encodes a putative glutamate carboxypeptidase, not only controls shoot apical meristem development, but also is involved in tolerance response to abiotic stresses. here, we introduce a novel mutant; named amp1-32 that is a phenocopier to previously isolated different amp1 mutant alleles. interestingly, tiny leaves were continuously developed at the bottom of pre-emerged leaves in the amp1-32. the amp1-32 mutant was less sensitive ... | 2016 | 27743891 |
| the historical role of species from the solanaceae plant family in genetic research. | this article evaluates the main contributions of tomato, tobacco, petunia, potato, pepper and eggplant to classical and molecular plant genetics and genomics since the beginning of the twentieth century. species from the solanaceae family form integral parts of human civilizations as food sources and drugs since thousands of years, and, more recently, as ornamentals. some solanaceous species were subjects of classical and molecular genetic research over the last 100 years. the tomato was one of ... | 2016 | 27744490 |
| the multifaceted activity of the virf regulatory protein in the shigella lifestyle. | shigella is a highly adapted human pathogen, mainly found in the developing world and causing a severe enteric syndrome. the highly sophisticated infectious strategy of shigella banks on the capacity to invade the intestinal epithelial barrier and cause its inflammatory destruction. the cellular pathogenesis and clinical presentation of shigellosis are the sum of the complex action of a large number of bacterial virulence factors mainly located on a large virulence plasmid (pinv). the expression ... | 2016 | 27747215 |
| biochemical and spectroscopic characterization of the non-heme fe(ii)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent ethylene-forming enzyme from pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola pk2. | the ethylene-forming enzyme (efe) from pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola pk2 is a member of the mononuclear non-heme fe(ii)- and 2-oxoglutarate (2og)-dependent oxygenase superfamily. this enzyme is reported to simultaneously catalyze the conversion of 2og into ethylene and three co2 molecules and the cδ hydroxylation of l-arginine (l-arg) while oxidatively decarboxylating 2og to form succinate and carbon dioxide. a new plasmid construct for expression in recombinant escherichia coli cells al ... | 2016 | 27749027 |
| development and validation of an infection risk model for bacterial canker of kiwifruit, using a multiplication and dispersal concept for forecasting bacterial diseases. | a weather-based disease prediction model for bacterial canker of kiwifruit (known worldwide as psa; pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae biovar 3) was developed using a new mechanistic scheme for bacterial disease forecasters, the multiplication and dispersal concept. bacterial multiplication is estimated from a temperature function, the m index, accumulated from hourly air temperature over 3 days for hours when the leaf canopy is wet. rainfall provides free water to move inoculum to infection si ... | 2017 | 27749150 |
| characterization of triticum aestivum abscisic acid receptors and a possible role for these in mediating fusairum head blight susceptibility in wheat. | abscisic acid (aba) is a well-characterized plant hormone, known to mediate developmental aspects as well as both abiotic and biotic stress responses. notably, the exogenous application of aba has recently been shown to increase susceptibility to the fungal pathogen fusarium graminearum, the causative agent of fusarium head blight (fhb) in wheat and other cereals. however roles and mechanisms associated with aba's modulation of pathogen responses remain enigmatic. here the identification of puta ... | 2016 | 27755583 |
| exogenous n-acyl-homoserine lactones enhance the expression of flagella of pseudomonas syringae and activate defence responses in plants. | in order to cope with pathogens, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to sense pathogenic attacks and to induce defence responses. the n-acyl-homoserine lactone (ahl)-mediated quorum sensing in bacteria regulates diverse physiological processes, including those involved in pathogenicity. in this work, we study the interactions between ahl-producing transgenic tobacco plants and pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 11528 (p. syringae 11528). both a reduced incidence of disease and decrease in ... | 2016 | 27756102 |
| isolation, identification and characterization of paenibacillus polymyxa cr1 with potentials for biopesticide, biofertilization, biomass degradation and biofuel production. | paenibacillus polymyxa is a plant-growth promoting rhizobacterium that could be exploited as an environmentally friendlier alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. various strains have been isolated that can benefit agriculture through antimicrobial activity, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, plant hormone production, or lignocellulose degradation. however, no single strain has yet been identified in which all of these advantageous traits have been confirmed. | 2016 | 27756215 |
| diverse functions of small rnas in different plant-pathogen communications. | rna silencing is a conserved mechanism that utilizes small rnas (srnas) to direct the regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. plants utilizing rna silencing machinery to defend pathogen infection was first identified in plant-virus interaction and later was observed in distinct plant-pathogen interactions. rna silencing is not only responsible for suppressing rna accumulation and movement of virus and viroid, but also facilitates plant immune responses ... | 2016 | 27757103 |
| down-regulation of korrigan-like endo-β-1,4-glucanase genes impacts carbon partitioning, mycorrhizal colonization and biomass production in populus. | a greater understanding of the genetic regulation of plant cell wall remodeling and the impact of modified cell walls on plant performance is important for the development of sustainable biofuel crops. here, we studied the impact of down-regulating korrigan-like cell wall biosynthesis genes, belonging to the endo-β-1,4-glucanase gene family, on populus growth, metabolism and the ability to interact with symbiotic microbes. the reductions in cellulose content and lignin syringyl-to-guaiacyl unit ... | 2016 | 27757116 |
| unraveling the early molecular and physiological mechanisms involved in response to phenanthrene exposure. | higher plants have to cope with increasing concentrations of pollutants of both natural and anthropogenic origin. given their capacity to concentrate and metabolize various compounds including pollutants, plants can be used to treat environmental problems - a process called phytoremediation. however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the stabilization, the extraction, the accumulation and partial or complete degradation of pollutants by plants remain poorly understood. | 2016 | 27769163 |
| biophysical characterization of soluble pseudomonas syringae ice nucleation protein inaz fragments. | ice nucleation protein (inp) with its functional domain consisting of multiple 48-residue repeat units effectively induces super-cooled water into ice. circular dichroism and infrared deconvolution analyses on a soluble 240-residue fragment of pseudomonas syringae inaz (inaz240) containing five 48-residue repeat units indicated that it is mostly composed of β-sheet and random coil. analytical ultracentrifugation suggested that inaz240 behaves as a monomer of an elongated ellipsoid. however, inaz ... | 2017 | 27773839 |
| inhibitor discovery by convolution abpp. | activity-based protein profiling (abpp) has emerged as a powerful proteomic approach to study the active proteins in their native environment by using chemical probes that label active site residues in proteins. traditionally, abpp is classified as either comparative or competitive abpp. in this protocol, we describe a simple method called convolution abpp, which takes benefit from both the competitive and comparative abpp. convolution abpp allows one to detect if a reduced signal observed durin ... | 2017 | 27778280 |
| mir1918 enhances tomato sensitivity to phytophthora infestans infection. | late blight of tomato is caused by the oomycete pathogen phytophthora infestans. in our previous work, we identified and characterized a mir1918 in p. infestans (pi-mir1918), and showed that its sequence is similar to the sequence of tomato mir1918 (sly-mir1918). in this study, we used arabidopsis thaliana pre-mir159a as a backbone to synthesize pi-mir1918 via pcr and mutagenesis. the artificial pi-mir1918 was used to investigate the role of mir1918 in tomato-p. infestans interaction. trangenic ... | 2016 | 27779242 |
| damps, mamps, and namps in plant innate immunity. | multicellular organisms have evolved systems/mechanisms to detect various forms of danger, including attack by microbial pathogens and a variety of pests, as well as tissue and cellular damage. detection via cell-surface receptors activates an ancient and evolutionarily conserved innate immune system. | 2016 | 27782807 |
| characterization, expression, and functional analysis of a novel nac gene associated with resistance to verticillium wilt and abiotic stress in cotton. | elucidating the mechanism of resistance to biotic and abiotic stress is of great importance in cotton. in this study, a gene containing the nac domain, designated gbnac1, was identified from gossypium barbadense l. homologous sequence alignment indicated that gbnac1 belongs to the tern subgroup. gbnac1 protein localized to the cell nucleus. gbnac1 was expressed in roots, stems, and leaves, and was especially highly expressed in vascular bundles. functional analysis showed that cotton resistance ... | 2016 | 27784753 |
| the salmonella effector spvd is a cysteine hydrolase with a serovar-specific polymorphism influencing catalytic activity, suppression of immune responses and bacterial virulence. | many bacterial pathogens secrete virulence (effector) proteins that interfere with immune signaling in their host. spvd is a salmonella enterica effector protein that we previously demonstrated to negatively regulate the nf-κb signaling pathway and promote virulence of s. enterica serovar typhimurium in mice. to shed light on the mechanistic basis for these observations, we determined the crystal structure of spvd and show that it adopts a papain-like fold with a characteristic cysteine-histidin ... | 2016 | 27789710 |
| the nitrogen availability interferes with mycorrhiza-induced resistance against botrytis cinerea in tomato. | mycorrhizal plants are generally quite efficient in coping with environmental challenges. it has been shown that the symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) can confer resistance against root and foliar pathogens, although the molecular mechanisms underlying such mycorrhiza-induced resistance (mir) are poorly understood. tomato plants colonized with the amf rhizophagus irregularis display enhanced resistance against the necrotrophic foliar pathogen botrytis cinerea. leaves from arbuscu ... | 2016 | 27790197 |
| characterization and comparative overview of complete sequences of the first plasmids of pandoraea across clinical and non-clinical strains. | to date, information on plasmid analysis in pandoraea spp. is scarce. to address the gap of knowledge on this, the complete sequences of eight plasmids from pandoraea spp. namely pandoraea faecigallinarum dsm 23572(t) (ppf72-1, ppf72-2), pandoraea oxalativorans dsm 23570(t) (ppo70-1, ppo70-2, ppo70-3, ppo70-4), pandoraea vervacti ns15 (ppv15) and pandoraea apista dsm 16535(t) (ppa35) were studied for the first time in this study. the information on plasmid sequences in pandoraea spp. is useful a ... | 2016 | 27790203 |
| killing two birds with one stone: natural rice rhizospheric microbes reduce arsenic uptake and blast infections in rice. | our recent work has shown that a rice thizospheric natural isolate, a pantoea sp (hereafter ea106) attenuates arsenic (as) uptake in rice. in parallel, yet another natural rice rhizospheric isolate, a pseudomonas chlororaphis (hereafter ea105), was shown to inhibit rice blast pathogen magnaporthe oryzae. considering the above, we envisaged to evaluate the importance of mixed stress regime in rice plants subjected to both as toxicity and blast infections. plants subjected to as regime showed incr ... | 2016 | 27790229 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa type iii secretory toxin exou and its predicted homologs. | pseudomonas aeruginosa exou, a type iii secretory toxin and major virulence factor with patatin-like phospholipase activity, is responsible for acute lung injury and sepsis in immunocompromised patients. through use of a recently updated bacterial genome database, protein sequences predicted to be homologous to ps. aeruginosa exou were identified in 17 other pseudomonas species (ps. fluorescens, ps. lundensis, ps. weihenstephanensis, ps. marginalis, ps. rhodesiae, ps. synxantha, ps. libanensis, ... | 2016 | 27792159 |
| expression variations of mirnas and mrnas in rice (oryza sativa). | differences in expression levels are an important source of phenotypic variation within and between populations. micrornas (mirnas) are key players in post-transcriptional gene regulation that are important for plant development and stress responses. we surveyed expression variation of mirnas and mrnas of six accessions from two rice subspecies oryza sativa l. ssp. indica and oryza sativa l. ssp. japonica using deep sequencing. while more than half (53.7%) of the mature mirnas exhibit differenti ... | 2016 | 27797952 |
| evolution, genomics and epidemiology of pseudomonas syringae: challenges in bacterial molecular plant pathology. | a remarkable shift in our understanding of plant-pathogenic bacteria is underway. until recently, nearly all research on phytopathogenic bacteria was focused on a small number of model strains, which provided a deep, but narrow, perspective on plant-microbe interactions. advances in genome sequencing technologies have changed this by enabling the incorporation of much greater diversity into comparative and functional research. we are now moving beyond a typological understanding of a select coll ... | 2017 | 27798954 |
| plant reactome: a resource for plant pathways and comparative analysis. | plant reactome (http://plantreactome.gramene.org/) is a free, open-source, curated plant pathway database portal, provided as part of the gramene project. the database provides intuitive bioinformatics tools for the visualization, analysis and interpretation of pathway knowledge to support genome annotation, genome analysis, modeling, systems biology, basic research and education. plant reactome employs the structural framework of a plant cell to show metabolic, transport, genetic, developmental ... | 2016 | 27799469 |
| plant reactome: a resource for plant pathways and comparative analysis. | plant reactome (http://plantreactome.gramene.org/) is a free, open-source, curated plant pathway database portal, provided as part of the gramene project. the database provides intuitive bioinformatics tools for the visualization, analysis and interpretation of pathway knowledge to support genome annotation, genome analysis, modeling, systems biology, basic research and education. plant reactome employs the structural framework of a plant cell to show metabolic, transport, genetic, developmental ... | 2016 | 27799469 |
| the effect of microrna-375 overexpression, an inhibitor of helicobacter pylori-induced carcinogenesis, on lncrna sox2ot. | helicobacter pylori is a major human pathogenic bacterium in gastric mucosa. although the association between gastric cancer and h. pylori has been well-established, the molecular mechanisms underlying h. pylori-induced carcinogenesis are still under investigation. micrornas (mirnas) are small noncoding rnas that modulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. recently, studies have revealed that mirnas are involved in immune response and host cell response to bacteria. also, microrna ... | 2016 | 27800139 |
| preliminary investigation on the use of allyi isothiocyanate to increase the shelf-life of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) fillets. | the aim of this work is to evaluate the activity of allyl isothiocyanate (aitc) against fish spoilage bacteria (specific spoilage organisms; ssos) as well as its possible use in gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) fillets to extend their shelf-life. in this regard, in vitro tests are carried out in order to evaluate the inhibitory activity of aitc and its vapours on several strains of ssos. the aitc effect on the shelf-life of sea bream fillets was made by putting them in plastic trays hermetical ... | 2015 | 27800402 |
| how very-long-chain fatty acids could signal stressful conditions in plants? | although encountered in minor amounts in plant cells, very-long-chain fatty acids exert crucial functions in developmental processes. when their levels are perturbed by means of genetic approaches, marked phenotypic consequences that range from severe growth retardation to embryo lethality was indeed reported. more recently, a growing body of findings has also accumulated that points to a potential role for these lipids as signals in governing both biotic and abiotic stress outcomes. in the pres ... | 2016 | 27803703 |
| profiling of altered metabolomic states in nicotiana tabacum cells induced by priming agents. | metabolomics has developed into a valuable tool for advancing our understanding of plant metabolism. plant innate immune defenses can be activated and enhanced so that, subsequent to being pre-sensitized, plants are able to launch a stronger and faster defense response upon exposure to pathogenic microorganisms, a phenomenon known as priming. here, three contrasting chemical activators, namely acibenzolar-s-methyl, azelaic acid and riboflavin, were used to induce a primed state in nicotiana taba ... | 2016 | 27803705 |
| dual functions of the zmcct-associated quantitative trait locus in flowering and stress responses under long-day conditions. | photoperiodism refers to the ability of plants to measure day length to determine the season. this ability enables plants to coordinate internal biological activities with external changes to ensure normal growth. however, the influence of the photoperiod on maize flowering and stress responses under long-day (ld) conditions has not been analyzed by comparative transcriptome sequencing. the zmcct gene was previously identified as a homolog of the rice photoperiod response regulator ghd7, and ass ... | 2016 | 27809780 |
| constitutive cyclic gmp accumulation in arabidopsis thaliana compromises systemic acquired resistance induced by an avirulent pathogen by modulating local signals. | the infection of arabidopsis thaliana plants with avirulent pathogens causes the accumulation of cgmp with a biphasic profile downstream of nitric oxide signalling. however, plant enzymes that modulate cgmp levels have yet to be identified, so we generated transgenic a. thaliana plants expressing the rat soluble guanylate cyclase (gc) to increase genetically the level of cgmp and to study the function of cgmp in plant defence responses. once confirmed that cgmp levels were higher in the gc trans ... | 2016 | 27811978 |
| the genome of the toluene-degrading pseudomonas veronii strain 1ydbtex2 and its differential gene expression in contaminated sand. | the natural restoration of soils polluted by aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and m- and p-xylene (btex) may be accelerated by inoculation of specific biodegraders (bioaugmentation). bioaugmentation mainly involves introducing bacteria that deploy their metabolic properties and adaptation potential to survive and propagate in the contaminated environment by degrading the pollutant. in order to better understand the adaptive response of cells during a transition to con ... | 2016 | 27812150 |
| comparative genomics of pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato reveals novel chemotaxis pathways associated with motility and plant pathogenicity. | the majority of bacterial foliar plant pathogens must invade the apoplast of host plants through points of ingress, such as stomata or wounds, to replicate to high population density and cause disease. how pathogens navigate plant surfaces to locate invasion sites remains poorly understood. many bacteria use chemical-directed regulation of flagellar rotation, a process known as chemotaxis, to move towards favorable environmental conditions. chemotactic sensing of the plant surface is a potential ... | 2016 | 27812402 |
| identification, characterization, and gene expression analysis of nucleotide binding site (nb)-type resistance gene homologues in switchgrass. | switchgrass (panicum virgatum l.) is a warm-season perennial grass that can be used as a second generation bioenergy crop. however, foliar fungal pathogens, like switchgrass rust, have the potential to significantly reduce switchgrass biomass yield. despite its importance as a prominent bioenergy crop, a genome-wide comprehensive analysis of nb-lrr disease resistance genes has yet to be performed in switchgrass. | 2016 | 27821048 |
| opda has key role in regulating plant susceptibility to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla in arabidopsis. | jasmonic acid (ja) is a plant hormone that plays important roles in regulating plant defenses against necrotrophic pathogens and herbivorous insects, but the role of ja in mediating the plant responses to root-knot nematodes has been unclear. here we show that an application of either methyl jasmonate (meja) or the ja-mimic coronatine (cor) on arabidopsis significantly reduced the number of galls caused by the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla. interestingly, the meja-induced resistance was i ... | 2016 | 27822219 |
| identification of anion channels responsible for fluoride resistance in oral streptococci. | recently, it has been reported that eric and crcb are involved in bacterial fluoride resistance. however, the fluoride-resistance mechanism in oral streptococci remains unclear. blast studies showed that two types of erics (eric1 and eric2) and two types of crcbs (crcb1 and crcb2) are present across 18 oral streptococci, which were identified in ≥ 10% of 166 orally healthy subjects with ≥ 0.01% of the mean relative abundance. they were divided into three groups based on the distribution of these ... | 2016 | 27824896 |
| microbial interactions: ecology in a molecular perspective. | the microorganism-microorganism or microorganism-host interactions are the key strategy to colonize and establish in a variety of different environments. these interactions involve all ecological aspects, including physiochemical changes, metabolite exchange, metabolite conversion, signaling, chemotaxis and genetic exchange resulting in genotype selection. in addition, the establishment in the environment depends on the species diversity, since high functional redundancy in the microbial communi ... | 2016 | 27825606 |
| overexpression of nictaba-like lectin genes from glycine max confers tolerance toward pseudomonas syringae infection, aphid infestation and salt stress in transgenic arabidopsis plants. | plants have evolved a sophisticated immune system that allows them to recognize invading pathogens by specialized receptors. carbohydrate-binding proteins or lectins are part of this immune system and especially the lectins that reside in the nucleocytoplasmic compartment are known to be implicated in biotic and abiotic stress responses. the class of nictaba-like lectins (nll) groups all proteins with homology to the tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) lectin, known as a stress-inducible lectin. here we ... | 2016 | 27826309 |
| teaching an old dog new tricks: suppressing activation of specific mitogen-activated kinases as a potential virulence function of the bacterial avrrpt2 effector protein. | avrrpt2 is one of the first pseudomonas syringae effector proteins demonstrated to be delivered into host cells. it suppresses plant immunity by modulating auxin signaling and cleavage of the membrane-localized defense regulator rin4. we recently uncovered a novel potential virulence function of avrrpt2, where it specifically blocked activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, mpk4 and mpk11, but not of mpk3 and mpk6. putative avrrpt2 homologs from different phytopathogens and plant-associa ... | 2016 | 27830985 |
| genomic analysis of phylotype i strain ep1 reveals substantial divergence from other strains in the ralstonia solanacearum species complex. | ralstonia solanacearum species complex is a devastating group of phytopathogens with an unusually wide host range and broad geographical distribution. r. solanacearum isolates may differ considerably in various properties including host range and pathogenicity, but the underlying genetic bases remain vague. here, we conducted the genome sequencing of strain ep1 isolated from guangdong province of china, which belongs to phylotype i and is highly virulent to a range of solanaceous crops. its comp ... | 2016 | 27833603 |
| transcriptional basis of drought-induced susceptibility to the rice blast fungus magnaporthe oryzae. | plants are often facing several stresses simultaneously. understanding how they react and the way pathogens adapt to such combinational stresses is poorly documented. here, we developed an experimental system mimicking field intermittent drought on rice followed by inoculation by the pathogenic fungus magnaporthe oryzae. this experimental system triggers an enhancement of susceptibility that could be correlated with the dampening of several aspects of plant immunity, namely the oxidative burst a ... | 2016 | 27833621 |
| genome-wide identification of dicer-like, argonaute, and rna-dependent rna polymerase gene families in brassica species and functional analyses of their arabidopsis homologs in resistance to sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | rna silencing is an important mechanism to regulate gene expression and antiviral defense in plants. nevertheless, rna silencing machinery in the important oil crop brassica napus and function in resistance to the devastating fungal pathogen sclerotinia sclerotiorum are not well-understood. in this study, gene families of rna silencing machinery in b. napus were identified and their role in resistance to s. sclerotiorum was revealed. genome of the allopolyploid species b. napus possessed 8 dicer ... | 2016 | 27833632 |
| extracellular vesicles isolated from the leaf apoplast carry stress-response proteins. | exosomes are extracellular vesicles (evs) that play a central role in intercellular signaling in mammals by transporting proteins and small rnas. plants are also known to produce evs, particularly in response to pathogen infection. the contents of plant evs have not been analyzed, however, and their function is unknown. here we describe a method for purifying evs from the apoplastic fluids of arabidopsis leaves. proteomic analyses of these evs revealed that they are highly enriched in proteins i ... | 2016 | 27837092 |
| extracellular vesicles isolated from the leaf apoplast carry stress-response proteins. | exosomes are extracellular vesicles (evs) that play a central role in intercellular signaling in mammals by transporting proteins and small rnas. plants are also known to produce evs, particularly in response to pathogen infection. the contents of plant evs have not been analyzed, however, and their function is unknown. here we describe a method for purifying evs from the apoplastic fluids of arabidopsis leaves. proteomic analyses of these evs revealed that they are highly enriched in proteins i ... | 2016 | 27837092 |
| cml8, an arabidopsis calmodulin-like protein, plays a role in pseudomonas syringae plant immunity. | calcium is a universal second messenger involved in various cellular processes including plant development and stress responses. its conversion into biological responses requires the presence of calcium sensor relays such as calmodulin (cam) and calmodulin-like (cml) proteins. while the role of cam is well described, the functions cml proteins remain largely uncharacterized. here, we show that arabidopsis cml8 expression is strongly and transiently induced by pseudomonas syringae, and reverse ge ... | 2017 | 27837097 |
| subcellular localization of pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato effector proteins in plants. | animal and plant pathogenic bacteria use type iii secretion systems to translocate proteinaceous effectors to subvert innate immunity of their host organisms. type iii secretion/effector systems are a crucial pathogenicity factor in many bacterial pathogens of plants and animals. pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (pst) dc3000 injects a total of 36 protein effectors that target a variety of host proteins. studies of a subset of pst dc3000 effectors demonstrated that bacterial effectors, once inside ... | 2017 | 27837488 |
| proteomics analysis reveals novel host molecular mechanisms associated with thermotherapy of 'ca. liberibacter asiaticus'-infected citrus plants. | citrus huanglongbing (hlb), which is linked to the bacterial pathogen 'ca. liberibacter asiaticus' (las), is the most devastating disease of citrus plants, and longer-term control measures via breeding or genetic engineering have been unwieldy because all cultivated citrus species are susceptible to the disease. however, the degree of susceptibility varies among citrus species, which has prompted efforts to identify potential las resistance/tolerance-related genes in citrus plants for applicatio ... | 2016 | 27842496 |
| comparative genomic analysis of the flagellin glycosylation island of the gram-positive thermophile geobacillus. | protein glycosylation involves the post-translational attachment of sugar chains to target proteins and has been observed in all three domains of life. post-translational glycosylation of flagellin, the main structural protein of the flagellum, is a common characteristic among many gram-negative bacteria and archaea. several distinct functions have been ascribed to flagellin glycosylation, including stabilisation and maintenance of the flagellar filament, motility, surface recognition, adhesion, ... | 2016 | 27842516 |
| the rna-binding protein csra plays a central role in positively regulating virulence factors in erwinia amylovora. | the gacs/gaca two-component system (also called grrs/grra) is a global regulatory system which is highly conserved among gamma-proteobacteria. this system positively regulates non-coding small regulatory rna csrb, which in turn binds to the rna-binding protein csra. however, how gacs/gaca-csr system regulates virulence traits in e. amylovora remains unknown. results from mutant characterization showed that the csrb mutant was hypermotile, produced higher amount of exopolysaccharide amylovoran, a ... | 2016 | 27845410 |
| a cysteine-rich protein kinase associates with a membrane immune complex and is required for cell death. | membrane localized proteins perceive and respond to biotic and abiotic stresses. we performed quantitative proteomics on plasma membrane-enriched samples from arabidopsis treated with bacterial flagellin. we identified multiple receptor-like protein kinases (rlks) changing in abundance, including cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (crks) that are upregulated upon perception of flagellin. crks possess extracellular cysteine-rich domains and comprise a gene family consisting of 46 members in arab ... | 2016 | 27852951 |
| a cysteine-rich protein kinase associates with a membrane immune complex and is required for cell death. | membrane localized proteins perceive and respond to biotic and abiotic stresses. we performed quantitative proteomics on plasma membrane-enriched samples from arabidopsis treated with bacterial flagellin. we identified multiple receptor-like protein kinases (rlks) changing in abundance, including cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (crks) that are upregulated upon perception of flagellin. crks possess extracellular cysteine-rich domains and comprise a gene family consisting of 46 members in arab ... | 2016 | 27852951 |
| identification and characterization of two new 5-keto-4-deoxy-d-glucarate dehydratases/decarboxylases. | hexuronic acids such as d-galacturonic acid and d-glucuronic acid can be utilized via different pathways within the metabolism of microorganisms. one representative, the oxidative pathway, generates α-keto-glutarate as the direct link entering towards the citric acid cycle. the penultimate enzyme, keto-deoxy glucarate dehydratase/decarboxylase, catalyses the dehydration and decarboxylation of keto-deoxy glucarate to α-keto-glutarate semialdehyde. this enzymatic reaction can be tracked continuous ... | 2016 | 27855668 |
| the systematic investigation of the quorum sensing system of the biocontrol strain pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca pb-st2 unveils auri to be a biosynthetic origin for 3-oxo-homoserine lactones. | the shoot endophytic biocontrol strain pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca pb-st2 produces a wide range of exoproducts, including enzymes and antibiotics. the production of exoproducts is commonly tightly regulated. in order to get a deeper insight into the regulatory network of pb-st2, the strain was systematically investigated regarding its quorum sensing systems, both on the genetic and metabolic level. the genome analysis of pb-st2 revealed the presence of four putative acyl homoserin ... | 2016 | 27861617 |
| melatonin is required for h2 o2 - and no-mediated defense signaling through mapkkk3 and oxi1 in arabidopsis thaliana. | melatonin influences plant innate immunity through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) pathway. however, the most upstream mapk component in melatonin signaling and the dependence of generation of a reactive oxygen species (ros) burst on melatonin synthesis and signaling remain unclear. in this study, treatment of several mekk (alias mapkkk)-knockout arabidopsis mutants with melatonin revealed that the mapkkk3 and oxi1 (oxidative signal-inducible1) kinases are responsible for triggering ... | 2017 | 27862280 |
| biological relevance of volatile organic compounds emitted during the pathogenic interactions between apple plants and erwinia amylovora. | volatile organic compounds emitted during the infection of apple (malus pumila var. domestica) plants by erwinia amylovora or pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae were studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry, and used to treat uninfected plants. infected plants showed a disease-specific emission of volatile organic compounds, including several bio-active compounds, such as hexenal isomers and 2,3-butanediol. leaf growth promotion and a higher r ... | 2016 | 27862864 |
| n-(3-oxo-hexanoyl)-homoserine lactone has a critical contribution to the quorum-sensing-dependent regulation in phytopathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 11528. | the phytopathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 11528 (p. syringae 11528), causing wild-fire disease in soybean and tobacco plants, processes psyi-psyr quorum-sensing (qs) system, in which psyi is the n-(3-oxo-hexanoyl)-homoserine lactone (3oc6-hsl) synthase. in comparison to p. syringae 11528 ahl-deficient mutant, 845 3oc6-hsl-dependent genes were identified using rna sequencing (rna-seq) in the ahl-deficient mutant grown with exogenous 3oc6-hsl in the transition from the exponential to the s ... | 2016 | 27864298 |
| evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay based on hrpz gene for rapid detection and identification of pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans in cucumber leaves. | cucumber angular leaf spot caused by pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans (psl) is an important and destructive disease worldwide, and no effective technique has been developed for the control of the pathogen. detection of infection or latent in cucumber plants is critical to evaluate disease progress and strengthening management to avoid a serious epidemic in the fields. in this paper, we developed a rapid and sensitive method for detection of psl using an isothermal method known as loop-mediate ... | 2017 | 27864860 |
| infection assays in arabidopsis reveal candidate effectors from the poplar rust fungus that promote susceptibility to bacteria and oomycete pathogens. | fungi of the pucciniales order cause rust diseases which, altogether, affect thousands of plant species worldwide and pose a major threat to several crops. how rust effectors-virulence proteins delivered into infected tissues to modulate host functions-contribute to pathogen virulence remains poorly understood. melampsora larici-populina is a devastating and widespread rust pathogen of poplar, and its genome encodes 1184 identified small secreted proteins that could potentially act as effectors. ... | 2016 | 27868319 |
| the elongator complex-associated protein drl1 plays a positive role in immune responses against necrotrophic fungal pathogens in arabidopsis. | deformed root and leaves1 (drl1) is an arabidopsis homologue of the yeast toxin target4 (tot4)/killer toxin-insensitive12 (kti12) protein that is physically associated with the rna polymerase ii-interacting protein complex named elongator. mutations in drl1 and elongator lead to similar morphological and molecular phenotypes, suggesting that drl1 and elongator may functionally overlap in arabidopsis. we have shown previously that elongator plays an important role in both salicylic acid (sa)- and ... | 2016 | 27868335 |
| insect gallers and their plant hosts: from omics data to systems biology. | gall-inducing insects are capable of exerting a high level of control over their hosts' cellular machinery to the extent that the plant's development, metabolism, chemistry, and physiology are all altered in favour of the insect. many gallers are devastating pests in global agriculture and the limited understanding of their relationship with their hosts prevents the development of robust management strategies. omics technologies are proving to be important tools in elucidating the mechanisms inv ... | 2016 | 27869732 |
| control of wilt and rot pathogens of tomato by antagonistic pink pigmented facultative methylotrophic delftia lacustris and bacillus spp. | the studies on the biocontrol potential of pink pigmented facultative methylotrophic (ppfm) bacteria other than the genus methylobacterium are scarce. in the present study, we report three facultative methylotrophic isolates; ppo-1, ppt-1, and ppb-1, respectively, identified as delftia lacustris, bacillus subtilis, and bacillus cereus by 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. hemolytic activity was tested to investigate the potential pathogenicity of isolates to plants and humans, the results indicate ... | 2016 | 27872630 |
| integrated omics study of lipid droplets from plasmodiophora brassicae. | plasmodiophora brassicae causes clubroot disease in cruciferous. in this report, lipid droplets were observed in the resting spores of p. brassicae. 295 lipid droplet-associated proteins were identified and categorized into nine groups. transcriptome analysis of these proteins during three different zoosporic stages revealed differences in gene expression pattern. go enrichment analysis revealed that these proteins associated with lipid droplets were mainly linked to biosynthesis and metabolism. ... | 2016 | 27874080 |
| pathogen phytosensing: plants to report plant pathogens. | real-time systems that provide evidence of pathogen contamination in crops can be an important new line of early defense in agricultural centers. plants possess defense mechanisms to protect against pathogen attack. inducible plant defense is controlled by signal transduction pathways, inducible promoters and cis-regulatory elements corresponding to key genes involved in defense, and pathogen-specific responses. identified inducible promoters and cis-acting elements could be utilized in plant se ... | 2008 | 27879840 |
| comparative genomics of dna recombination and repair in cyanobacteria: biotechnological implications. | cyanobacteria are fascinating photosynthetic prokaryotes that are regarded as the ancestors of the plant chloroplast; the purveyors of oxygen and biomass for the food chain; and promising cell factories for an environmentally friendly production of chemicals. in colonizing most waters and soils of our planet, cyanobacteria are inevitably challenged by environmental stresses that generate dna damages. furthermore, many strains engineered for biotechnological purposes can use dna recombination to ... | 2016 | 27881980 |
| bacterial rna polymerase-dna interaction-the driving force of gene expression and the target for drug action. | dna-dependent multisubunit rna polymerase (rnap) is the key enzyme of gene expression and a target of regulation in all kingdoms of life. it is a complex multifunctional molecular machine which, unlike other dna-binding proteins, engages in extensive and dynamic interactions (both specific and nonspecific) with dna, and maintains them over a distance. these interactions are controlled by dna sequences, dna topology, and a host of regulatory factors. here, we summarize key recent structural and b ... | 2016 | 27882317 |
| bacteria establish an aqueous living space in plants crucial for virulence. | high humidity has a strong influence on the development of numerous diseases affecting the above-ground parts of plants (the phyllosphere) in crop fields and natural ecosystems, but the molecular basis of this humidity effect is not understood. previous studies have emphasized immune suppression as a key step in bacterial pathogenesis. here we show that humidity-dependent, pathogen-driven establishment of an aqueous intercellular space (apoplast) is another important step in bacterial infection ... | 2016 | 27882964 |
| bumble bee parasite strains vary in resistance to phytochemicals. | nectar and pollen contain diverse phytochemicals that can reduce disease in pollinators. however, prior studies showed variable effects of nectar chemicals on infection, which could reflect variable phytochemical resistance among parasite strains. inter-strain variation in resistance could influence evolutionary interactions between plants, pollinators, and pollinator disease, but testing direct effects of phytochemicals on parasites requires elimination of variation between bees. using cell cul ... | 2016 | 27883009 |
| the pattern-recognition receptor core of solanaceae detects bacterial cold-shock protein. | plants and animals recognize microbial invaders by detecting microbe-associated molecular patterns (mamps) by cell surface receptors. many plant species of the solanaceae family detect the highly conserved nucleic acid binding motif rnp-1 of bacterial cold-shock proteins (csps), represented by the peptide csp22, as a mamp. here, we exploited the natural variation in csp22 perception observed between cultivated tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and solanum pennellii to map and identify the leucine-ri ... | 2016 | 27892924 |