Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| structural and biochemical analyses of a clostridium perfringens sortase d transpeptidase. | the assembly and anchorage of various pathogenic proteins on the surface of gram-positive bacteria is mediated by the sortase family of enzymes. these cysteine transpeptidases catalyze a unique sorting signal motif located at the c-terminus of their target substrate and promote the covalent attachment of these proteins onto an amino nucleophile located on another protein or on the bacterial cell wall. each of the six distinct classes of sortases displays a unique biological role, with sequential ... | 2015 | 26143922 |
| cyclodepsipeptides produced by actinomycetes inhibit cyclic-peptide-mediated quorum sensing in gram-positive bacteria. | cyclic peptides are commonly used as quorum-sensing autoinducers in gram-positive firmicutes bacteria. well-studied examples of such molecules are thiolactone and lactone, used to regulate the expression of a series of virulence genes in the agr system of staphylococcus aureus and the fsr system of enterococcus faecalis, respectively. three cyclodepsipeptides ws9326a, ws9326b and cochinmicin ii/iii were identified as a result of screening actinomycetes culture extracts for activity against the a ... | 2015 | 26149266 |
| a case of nontraumatic gas gangrene in a common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | the common marmoset is widely used in neuroscience and regenerative medicine research. however, information concerning common marmoset disorders, particularly infectious diseases, is scarce. here, we report a case of a female common marmoset that died suddenly due to gas gangrene. the animal presented with gaseous abdominal distention at postmortem, and clostridium perfringens type a was isolated from several tissues. vacuoles, a gram-positive bacteremia and intravascular hemolysis were observed ... | 2016 | 26156080 |
| emphysematous cholecystitis resulting in secondary biliary cirrhosis: a rare complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. | a 48-year-old female developed acute emphysematous cholecystitis after an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp) for evaluation of sphincter of oddi dysfunction. cholecystectomy was performed 2 days later. cultures grew clostridium perfringens. the patient received broad-spectrum antibiotics but developed recurrent cholangitic abscesses and intra- and extra-hepatic biliary necrosis. she was managed by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drains. for next 3 years, patient had recurren ... | 2013 | 26157820 |
| high-throughput sequencing reveals differing immune responses in the intestinal mucosa of two inbred lines afflicted with necrotic enteritis. | we investigated the necrotic enteritis (ne)-induced transcripts of immune-related genes in the intestinal mucosa of two highly inbred white leghorn chicken lines, line 6.3 and line 7.2, which share the same mhc haplotype and show different levels of ne susceptibility using high-throughput rna sequencing (rna-seq) technology. ne was induced by the previously described co-infection model using eimeria maxima and clostridium perfringens. the rna-seq generated over 38 million sequence reads for mare ... | 2015 | 26182861 |
| veal calves produce less antibodies against c. perfringens alpha toxin compared to beef calves. | enterotoxaemia is a disease with a high associated mortality rate, affecting beef and veal calves worldwide, caused by c. perfringens alpha toxin and perfringolysin. a longitudinal study was conducted to determine the dynamics of antibodies against these toxins in 528 calves on 4 beef and 15 veal farms. the second study aimed to determine the effect of solid feed intake on the production of antibodies against alpha toxin and perfringolysin. the control group only received milk replacer, whereas ... | 2015 | 26184311 |
| chlorinated water modulates the development of colorectal tumors with chromosomal instability and gut microbiota in apc-deficient mice. | the gastrointestinal tract is continuously exposed to a variety of chemicals and commensal bacteria. recent studies have shown that changes in gut microbial populations caused by chlorine or other chemicals in the drinking water influence the development of human colorectal cancer, although the mechanism of tumorigenesis in the gut epithelium is obfuscated by the diversity of microflora and complexity of the tumor microenvironment. in this regard, mouse models that recapitulate human colorectal ... | 2015 | 26186212 |
| evaluation of ice slurries as a control for postharvest growth of vibrio spp. in oysters and potential for filth contamination. | raw oyster consumption is the most common route of exposure for vibrio spp. infections in humans. vibriosis has been increasing steadily in the united states despite efforts to reduce the incidence of the disease. research has demonstrated that ice is effective in reducing postharvest vibrio spp. growth in oysters but has raised concerns of possible contamination of oyster meat by filth (as indicated by the presence of fecal coliform bacteria or clostridium perfringens). this study examined the ... | 2015 | 26197291 |
| nanr, a transcriptional regulator that binds to the promoters of genes involved in sialic acid metabolism in the anaerobic pathogen clostridium perfringens. | among many other virulence factors, clostridium perfringens produces three sialidases nanh, nani and nanj. nanh lacks a secretion signal peptide and is predicted to be an intracellular enzyme, while nani and nanj are secreted. previously, we had identified part of an operon encoding nane (epimerase) and nana (sialic acid lyase) enzymes. further analysis of the entire operon suggests that it encodes a complete pathway for the transport and metabolism of sialic acid along with a putative transcrip ... | 2015 | 26197388 |
| persistent hyperglycemia modulates gut immune function and microbiota in rats. | since hyperglycemia-induced cellular dysfunction could be associated with alterations of the immune system, we tested the hypothesis that hyperglycemia augments the aberrant immune responses such as inflammation and differentiation of cd4(+) t lymphocytes in the mesenteric lymph nodes (mlns), and induces alterations of microbiota both under physiological and pathological conditions. | 2015 | 26207186 |
| clostridium sacroiliitis (gas gangrene) following sacroiliac joint injection--case report and review of the literature. | an 80-year-old woman presented with chronic lumbosacral pain since her laminectomy and instrumentation 10 years ago. examination was consistent with left sacroiliitis, and the patient underwent an elective left sacroiliac joint injection. two days following her procedure she fell and landed on her left hip and on the next day, she presented to the emergency room with acutely worsening left gluteal pain. on evaluation in the emergency department, she was found to be suffering from a fever, headac ... | 2015 | 26218953 |
| assessing the performance of clostridium perfringens cooling models for cooked, uncured meat and poultry products. | heat-resistant spores of clostridium perfringens may germinate and multiply in cooked meat and poultry products when the rate and extent of cooling does not occur in a timely manner. therefore, six cooling models (pmp 7.0 broth model; pmip uncured beef, chicken, and pork models; smith-schaffner version 3; and uk ifr combase perfringens predictor) were evaluated for relative performance in predicting growth of c. perfringens under dynamic temperature conditions encountered during cooling of cooke ... | 2015 | 26219365 |
| comparison of the effect of curing ingredients derived from purified and natural sources on inhibition of clostridium perfringens outgrowth during cooling of deli-style turkey breast. | the antimicrobial impact of purified and natural sources of both nitrite and ascorbate were evaluated against clostridium perfringens during the postthermal processing cooling period of deli-style turkey breast. the objective of phase i was to assess comparable concentrations of nitrite (0 or 100 ppm) and ascorbate (0 or 547 ppm) from both purified and natural sources. phase ii was conducted to investigate concentrations of nitrite (50, 75, or 100 ppm) from cultured celery juice powder and ascor ... | 2015 | 26219366 |
| safety, beneficial and technological properties of enterococcus faecium isolated from brazilian cheeses. | this study aimed to characterize the safety and technological properties of enterococcus faecium strains isolated from brazilian coalho cheeses. high levels of co-aggregation were observed between enterococcus faecium strains em485 and em925 and both escherichia coli and clostridium perfringens . both strains presented low levels of hydrophobicity. e. faecium em485 and em925 were both able to grow in the presence of 0.5% of the sodium salts of taurocholic acid (tc), taurodeoxycholic acid (tdc), ... | 2015 | 26221113 |
| novel application of vacuum sealing drainage with continuous irrigation of potassium permanganate for managing infective wounds of gas gangrene. | traumatic gas gangrene is a fatal infection mainly caused by clostridium perfringens. it is a challenge to manage gas gangrene in open wounds and control infection after debridement or amputation. the aim of the present study was to use vacuum sealing drainage (vsd) with continuous irrigation of potassium permanganate to manage infective wounds of gas gangrene and observe its clinical efficacy. a total of 48 patients with open traumatic gas gangrene infection were included in this study. amputat ... | 2015 | 26223928 |
| intravascular hemolysis and septicemia due to clostridium perfringens emphysematous cholecystitis and hepatic abscesses. | context. clostridium perfringens septicemia is often associated with translocation from the gastrointestinal or gastrourinary tract and occurs in patients who have malignancy or are immunocompromised. clostridium perfringens septicemia is usually fatal without early identification, source control, and antibiotics. case. we present a case of a 65-year-old female with clostridium perfringens septicemia secondary to emphysematous cholecystitis, with progression to hepatic abscesses. conclusion. sep ... | 2015 | 26229537 |
| evaluation of antileishmanial, antibacterial and brine shrimp cytotoxic potential of crude methanolic extract of herb ocimum basilicum (lamiacea). | to collect and screen for ethnopharmacological properties (antileishmanial, antibacterial and brine lethality assays) of medicinal plan ocimum basilicum from peshawar region (34.008 latitude and 71.57 altitudes). | 2015 | 26237837 |
| comparative analysis of extractable proteins from clostridium perfringens type a and type c strains showing varying degree of virulence. | the prevailing scenario of bioterrorism warrants development of medical countermeasures with expanded coverage of select agents. clostridium perfringens is a pathogen of medical, veterinary and military importance, and has been listed as validated biological agent. we employed 2de-ms approach to identify a total of 134 unique proteins (529 protein spot features) from the extractable proteome of four type a and type c strains. proteins showing altered expression under host-simulated conditions fr ... | 2015 | 26238688 |
| toxinotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens isolates from mutton, beef and chicken meat. | a total of 300 meat samples comprising mutton, beef, and chicken meat (n = 100) collected from either local butcher shops or large meat outlets situated at various areas of lahore city located in punjab province of pakistan were tested for the isolation of clostridium perfringens. prevalence of the organism was highest in the chicken (6 %) followed by mutton (5 %) and beef (1 %). contamination level was high (10/150) in the samples collected from local butcher shops in comparison to the samples ... | 2015 | 26243960 |
| nani sialidase, ccpa, and cody work together to regulate epsilon toxin production by clostridium perfringens type d strain cn3718. | clostridium perfringens type d strains are usually associated with diseases of livestock, and their virulence requires the production of epsilon toxin (etx). we previously showed (j. li, s. sayeed, s. robertson, j. chen, and b. a. mcclane, plos pathog 7:e1002429, 2011, http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002429) that bmc202, a nani null mutant of type d strain cn3718, produces less etx than wild-type cn3718 does. the current study proved that the lower etx production by strain bmc202 is due ... | 2015 | 26260460 |
| pathological and bacteriological characterization of neonatal porcine diarrhoea of uncertain aetiology. | neonatal porcine diarrhoea of uncertain aetiology has been reported from a number of countries. this study investigated 50 diarrhoeic and 19 healthy piglets from 10 affected swedish herds. the piglets were blood-sampled for analysis of serum γ-globulin and necropsied, and the intestines were sampled for histopathology and cultured for escherichia coli, clostridium perfringens and clostridium difficile. escherichia coli isolates (n = 276) were examined by pcr for virulence genes encoding lt, sta, ... | 2015 | 26272503 |
| hydrogen production at high faradaic efficiency by a bio-electrode based on tio2 adsorption of a new [fefe]-hydrogenase from clostridium perfringens. | the [fefe]-hydrogenase cphyda from clostridium perfringens was immobilized by adsorption on anatase tio2 electrodes for clean hydrogen production. the immobilized enzyme proved to perform direct electron transfer to and from the electrode surface and catalyses both h2 oxidation (h2 uptake) and h2 production (h2 evolution) with a current density for h2 evolution of about 2 ma cm(-1). the tio2/cphyda bioelectrode remained active for several days upon storage and when a reducing potential was set, ... | 2015 | 26278509 |
| necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm pigs is associated with increased density of intestinal mucosa-associated bacteria including clostridium perfringens. | necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) is associated with changes in the luminal gut microbiota. it is not known whether the mucosa-associated microbiota is affected by nec and stimulates inflammatory lesions. | 2015 | 26278554 |
| pore-forming activity of clostridial binary toxins. | clostridial binary toxins (clostridium perfringens iota toxin, clostridium difficile transferase, clostridium spiroforme toxin, clostridium botulinum c2 toxin) as bacillus binary toxins, including bacillus anthracis toxins consist of two independent proteins, one being the binding component which mediates the internalization into cell of the intracellularly active component. clostridial binary toxins induce actin cytoskeleton disorganization through mono-adp-ribosylation of globular actin and ar ... | 2016 | 26278641 |
| dna sequence signatures for rapid detection of six target bacterial pathogens using pcr assays. | using streptococcus pyogenes as a model, we previously established a stepwise computational workflow to effectively identify species-specific dna signatures that could be used as pcr primer sets to detect target bacteria with high specificity and sensitivity. in this study, we extended the workflow for the rapid development of pcr assays targeting enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, clostridium perfringens, clostridium difficile, clostridium tetani, and staphylococcus aureus, which are ... | 2015 | 26279626 |
| functional analysis of a bacitracin resistance determinant located on icecp1, a novel tn916-like element from a conjugative plasmid in clostridium perfringens. | bacitracins are mixtures of structurally related cyclic polypeptides with antibiotic properties. they act by interfering with the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall. in this study, we analyzed an avian necrotic enteritis strain of clostridium perfringens that was resistant to bacitracin and produced netb toxin. we identified a bacitracin resistance locus that resembled a bacitracin resistance determinant from enterococcus faecalis. it contained the structural genes bcrabd and a putative reg ... | 2015 | 26282424 |
| wastewater treatment by a modular, domestic-scale reedbed system for safe horticultural irrigation. | the aim of the study was to assess the sequential treatment performance of a commercial, domestic-scale modular reedbed system intended to provide safe horticultural irrigation water. previously only mechanical treatment systems involving forced aeration with subsequent disinfection, usually by tablet-chlorination, had been accredited in australia. the modular design of the hybrid, subsurface-flow reedbed system offered 5 control points where monitoring and management of the treatment train coul ... | 2015 | 26282758 |
| increase of clostridium perfringens in association with eimeria in haemorrhagic enteritis in japanese beef cattle. | a coprological survey with detailed clinical observation of naturally occurring haemorrhagic enteritis (he) cases was conducted to understand the pathophysiology of he by clarifying the infection status of eimeria and enteropathogenic bacteria in cattle. faecal samples from 55 cases of he and 26 clinically normal animals were collected, and a quantitative examination of eimeria and potential enteropathogenic bacteria was performed. the number of eimeria species oocysts per gram of faeces (opg) e ... | 2015 | 26286947 |
| pigbel in the 21st century: still here, and still in need of an effective surveillance system. | pigbel remains a likely significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the highlands of papua new guinea (png), two decades after the administration of pigbel vaccination ceased. there is a need for an effective surveillance program for pigbel to better understand the disease burden and to target communities for preventive strategies. this paper reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, recent history and current data on the burden of pigbel in png. we propose a surveillance program based on clin ... | 2015 | 26288931 |
| a multifactorial analysis of the extent to which eimeria and fishmeal predispose broiler chickens to necrotic enteritis. | necrotic enteritis (ne) is an important infectious disease in chickens. predisposing factors play critical roles both in disease outbreaks in the field and in models for experimental induction of disease. systematic manipulation and study of predisposing factors help to optimize methods for the experimental reproduction of disease. the nature of such factors may play a confounding role in challenge models and, therefore, warrant investigation to determine their importance in industry-relevant ne ... | 2015 | 26292532 |
| low prevalence of netb and tpel in historical clostridium perfringens isolates from broiler farms in alabama. | the discovery of novel clostridium perfringens toxins netb and tpel has initiated questions regarding their role in the pathogenesis of disease. however, data showing the prevalence of these genes in c. perfringens populations are limited to certain geographical areas. if netb and tpel are important virulence factors for disease worldwide, one would expect to find these genes in isolates from other regions as well. to address this hypothesis, c. perfringens isolates collected from alabama broile ... | 2015 | 26292533 |
| analysis of the intestinal microbial community structure of healthy and long-living elderly residents in gaotian village of liuyang city. | gaotian, one typical conservative village in rural area of south china, is differentiated from other adjacent village for its longevity and health situation of residents. to ascertain the difference of intestinal microbial community between gaotian and other region, high-throughput sequencing and systematical bioinformation analyses was adopted to compare 21 samples in long life group with 28 in control group. the α diversity showed that the diversity of species of intestinal flora of gaotian vi ... | 2015 | 26298698 |
| role of p2x7 receptor in clostridium perfringens beta-toxin-mediated cellular injury. | clostridium perfringens beta-toxin is a pore-forming toxin (pft) and an important agent of necrotic enteritis and enterotoxemia. we recently reported that beta-toxin strongly induced cell death in thp-1 cells via the formation of oligomers. we here describe that the p2x(7) receptor, which is an atp receptor, interacts with beta-toxin. | 2015 | 26299247 |
| pathogens and pharmaceuticals in source-separated urine in ethekwini, south africa. | in ethekwini, south africa, the production of agricultural fertilizers from human urine collected from urine-diverting dry toilets is being evaluated at a municipality scale as a way to help finance a decentralized, dry sanitation system. the present study aimed to assess a range of human and environmental health hazards in source-separated urine, which was presumed to be contaminated with feces, by evaluating the presence of human pathogens, pharmaceuticals, and an antibiotic resistance gene. c ... | 2015 | 26302215 |
| rna-seq profiles of immune related genes in the spleen of necrotic enteritis-afflicted chicken lines. | the study aimed to compare the necrotic enteritis (ne)-induced transcriptome differences between the spleens of marek's disease resistant chicken line 6.3 and susceptible line 7.2 co-infected with eimeria maxima/clostridium perfringens using rna-seq. total rna from the spleens of two chicken lines were used to make libraries, generating 42,736,296 and 42,617,720 usable reads, which were assembled into groups of 29,897 and 29,833 mrna genes, respectively. the transcriptome changes were investigat ... | 2015 | 26323406 |
| modelling pathogen log10 reduction values achieved by activated sludge treatment using naïve and semi naïve bayes network models. | risk management for wastewater treatment and reuse have led to growing interest in understanding and optimising pathogen reduction during biological treatment processes. however, modelling pathogen reduction is often limited by poor characterization of the relationships between variables and incomplete knowledge of removal mechanisms. the aim of this paper was to assess the applicability of bayesian belief network models to represent associations between pathogen reduction, and operating conditi ... | 2015 | 26342914 |
| nonclinical development of bcg replacement vaccine candidates. | the failure of current mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccines, given to neonates to protect against adult tuberculosis and the risk of using these live vaccines in hiv-infected infants, has emphasized the need for generating new, more efficacious and safer replacement vaccines. with the availability of genetic techniques for constructing recombinant bcg (rbcg) strains containing well-defined gene deletions or insertions, new vaccine candidates are under evaluation at both the ... | 2013 | 26343962 |
| a study on characterization of new bacteriocin produced from a novel strain of lactobacillus spicheri g2 isolated from gundruk- a fermented vegetable product of north east india: a novel bacteriocin production from lactobacillus spicheri g2. | bacteriocin producing lactobacillus spicheri g2, isolated from gundruk - a traditional fermented vegetable product of north east india. l. spicheri g2 identified by morphological, biochemical techniques followed by 16s rrna gene technique. the 16sr rna sequence of bacteriocin producer is registered in ncbi under accession no. jx481912. the bacteriocin producing potential of l. spicheri is being reported for the first time in the present investigation. bacteriocin of l. spicheri g2 showed strong ... | 2015 | 26344995 |
| structure and inhibition of microbiome β-glucuronidases essential to the alleviation of cancer drug toxicity. | the selective inhibition of bacterial β-glucuronidases was recently shown to alleviate drug-induced gastrointestinal toxicity in mice, including the damage caused by the widely used anticancer drug irinotecan. here, we report crystal structures of representative β-glucuronidases from the firmicutes streptococcus agalactiae and clostridium perfringens and the proteobacterium escherichia coli, and the characterization of a β-glucuronidase from the bacteroidetes bacteroides fragilis. while largely ... | 2015 | 26364932 |
| fumonisins affect the intestinal microbial homeostasis in broiler chickens, predisposing to necrotic enteritis. | fumonisins (fbs) are mycotoxins produced by fusarium fungi. this study aimed to investigate the effect of these feed contaminants on the intestinal morphology and microbiota composition, and to evaluate whether fbs predispose broilers to necrotic enteritis. one-day-old broiler chicks were divided into a group fed a control diet, and a group fed a fbs contaminated diet (18.6 mg fb1+fb2/kg feed). a significant increase in the plasma sphinganine/sphingosine ratio in the fbs-treated group (0.21 ± 0. ... | 2015 | 26394675 |
| cystathionine β-synthase (cbs) domain-containing pyrophosphatase as a target for diadenosine polyphosphates in bacteria. | among numerous proteins containing pairs of regulatory cystathionine β-synthase (cbs) domains, family ii pyrophosphatases (cbs-ppases) are unique in that they generally contain an additional drtgg domain between the cbs domains. adenine nucleotides bind to the cbs domains in cbs-ppases in a positively cooperative manner, resulting in enzyme inhibition (amp or adp) or activation (atp). here we show that linear p(1),p(n)-diadenosine 5'-polyphosphates (apnas, where n is the number of phosphate resi ... | 2015 | 26400082 |
| dietary capsicum and curcuma longa oleoresins increase intestinal microbiome and necrotic enteritis in three commercial broiler breeds. | three commercial broiler breeds were fed from hatch with a diet supplemented with capsicum and curcuma longa oleoresins, and co-infected with eimeria maxima and clostridium perfringens to induce necrotic enteritis (ne). pyrotag deep sequencing of bacterial 16s rrna showed that gut microbiota compositions were quite distinct depending on the broiler breed type. in the absence of oleoresin diet, the number of operational taxonomic units (otus), was decreased in infected cobb, and increased in ross ... | 2015 | 26412535 |
| evaluation of a novel human igg1 anti-claudin3 antibody that specifically recognizes its aberrantly localized antigen in ovarian cancer cells and that is suitable for selective drug delivery. | membrane protein claudin3 has been recently suggested as a marker for biologically aggressive tumors and a possible target for the therapeutic delivery of active anti-cancer compounds. claudin3-binding molecules such as the clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe), cpe-related molecules, and murine and chimeric antibodies have shown promising antitumor efficacy in preclinical oncological settings. we first engineered a fully human anti-claudin3 igg1 antibody (iggh6) by fusing the human igg1 fc- ... | 2015 | 26416446 |
| antibiotic susceptibility pattern of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from surgical site infection of hospitalized patients. | surgical site infections (ssis) are infections of incision or deep tissue at operation sites. these infections prolong hospitalization, delay wound healing, and increase the overall cost and morbidity. | 2015 | 26421133 |
| antibiotic sensitivity of clostridium perfringens isolated from faeces in tabriz, iran. | clostridium perfringens, a gram-positive, anaerobic bacterium that produces at least 16 virulence factors including 12 toxins (α-ν), enterotoxin, hemolysin and neuraminidase, can create variable pathogenic condition, ranging from a food poisoning to life-threatening myonecrosis. among c. perfringens strains, resistance to the drug choices such as penicillin as well as to alternatives of penicillin like metronidazole and clindamycin has also been observed. | 2015 | 26421135 |
| specific members of the predominant gut microbiota predict pouchitis following colectomy and ipaa in uc. | pouchitis is the most common complication after colectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (ipaa) for uc and the risk is the highest within the 1st year after surgery. the pathogenesis is not completely understood but clinical response to antibiotics suggests a role for gut microbiota. we hypothesised that the risk for pouchitis can be predicted based on the faecal microbial composition before colectomy. | 2017 | 26423113 |
| differences in major bacterial populations in the intestines of mature broilers after feeding virginiamycin or bacitracin methylene disalicylate. | the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of feeding virginiamycin or bacitracin methylene disalicylate (bmd), two in-feed antibiotics typically used by commercial poultry producers in the united states, on the chicken gastrointestinal microbiota. | 2015 | 26425940 |
| clostridium perfringens type-d enterotoxaemia in cattle: the diagnostic significance of intestinal epsilon toxin. | the aims of this study were to describe 42 cases of clostridium perfringens type-d enterotoxaemia in cattle seen between 2003 and 2014 and to determine the diagnostic value of detecting epsilon toxin in bovine intestinal content. all cases in the series had histological brain changes considered pathognomonic for c. perfringens type-d enterotoxaemia in sheep and goats and the epsilon toxin of c. perfringens was concurrently detected in the intestinal contents of 15 (36 per cent) cases. the data f ... | 2015 | 26428898 |
| rationale design of quorum-quenching peptides that target the virsr system of clostridium perfringens. | in clostridium perfringens, a 5-membered thiolactone peptide acts as an autoinducing peptide (aipcp) to activate the virsr two-component signal transduction system, which in turn controls the expression of genes encoding multiple toxins, including α, θ and κ. to develop anti-pathogenic agents against virulent c. perfringens, quorum-quenching peptides were rationally designed based on the structure-activity relationship (sar) data on aipcp. alanine scanning study of aipcp suggested that trp(3) an ... | 2015 | 26443835 |
| [toxins of clostridium perfringens as a natural and bioterroristic threats]. | clostridium perfringens is absolutely anaerobic rod-shaped, sporeforming bacterium. the morbidity is connected with producing toxins. depending on the type of toxin produced clostridium perfringens can be divided into five serotypes:a-e. under natural conditions, this bacterium is responsible for local outbreaks of food poisoning associated with eating contaminated food which which was improperly heat treated. some countries with lower economic level are endemic foci of necrotizing enteritis cau ... | 2015 | 26449576 |
| clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin binds to membrane lipids and its cytotoxic action depends on sulfatide. | epsilon toxin (etx) is one of the major lethal toxins produced by clostridium perfringens types b and d, being the causal agent of fatal enterotoxemia in animals, mainly sheep and goats. etx is synthesized as a non-active prototoxin form (proetx) that becomes active upon proteolytic activation. etx exhibits a cytotoxic effect through the formation of a pore in the plasma membrane of selected cell targets where etx specifically binds due to the presence of specific receptors. however, the identit ... | 2015 | 26452234 |
| binding of clostridium perfringens to collagen correlates with the ability to cause necrotic enteritis in chickens. | this study investigated the ability of clostridium perfringens isolates derived from chickens to bind to collagen types i-v and gelatin. in total 21 strains from three distinct backgrounds were studied: (i) virulent strains isolated from birds suffering from necrotic enteritis, (ii) avirulent strains isolated from birds suffering from necrotic enteritis and (iii) strains isolated from healthy birds. all strains isolated from diseased birds had been assessed for virulence in a disease induction m ... | 2015 | 26455806 |
| application of artificial intelligence to the prediction of the antimicrobial activity of essential oils. | essential oils (eos) are vastly used as natural antibiotics in complementary and alternative medicine (cam). their intrinsic chemical variability and synergisms/antagonisms between its components make difficult to ensure consistent effects through different batches. our aim is to evaluate the use of artificial neural networks (anns) for the prediction of their antimicrobial activity. methods. the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of 49 eos, extracts, and/or fractions was extracted ... | 2015 | 26457111 |
| clostridium perfringens liver abscess complicated by bacteremia. | 2015 | 26465182 | |
| effects of co-fermented pleurotus eryngii stalk residues and soybean hulls by aureobasidium pullulans on performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. | soybean hulls are a by-product of soybean processing for oil and meal production; pleurotus eryngii stalk residues (pesr) are by-products of the edible portion of the fruiting body enriched in bioactive metabolites. this study evaluated the effects of co-fermented pesr and soybean hulls with aureobasidium pullulans on performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. the in vitro experimental results showed that xylananse and mannanase activity of solid-state fermented soybean hulls (10 ... | 2015 | 26467005 |
| enteric bacteria isolated from diarrheal patients in korea in 2014. | the aim of this study was to characterize the pathogens responsible for causing diarrhea according to season, region of isolation, patient age, and sex as well as to provide useful data for the prevention of diarrheal disease. | 2015 | 26473090 |
| clostridium perfringens infections - a diagnostic challenge. | 2015 | 26475898 | |
| effects of digestate on soil chemical and microbiological properties: a comparative study with compost and vermicompost. | anaerobic digestion has become increasingly popular as an alternative for recycling wastes from different origins. consequently, biogas residues, most of them with unknown chemical and biological composition, accrue in large quantities and their application into soil has become a widespread agricultural practise. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of digestate application on the chemical and microbiological properties of an arable soil in comparison with untreated manure, compost ... | 2016 | 26476314 |
| necrotic enteritis in chickens associated with clostridium sordellii. | three outbreaks of necrotic enteritis-like disease associated with clostridium sordelii were diagnosed in commercial broiler chicken flocks with 18,000 to 31,000 birds between 18 and 26 days old. clinical signs in the affected flocks included high mortality up to 2% a day, depression, and diarrhea. the main gross changes included segmental dilation of the small intestine with watery contents, gas, mucoid exudate, and roughened and uneven mucosa, occasionally covered with a pseudomembrane. micros ... | 2015 | 26478166 |
| pathogen surveillance in wild bottlenose dolphins tursiops truncatus. | the number and prevalence of diseases is rapidly increasing in the marine ecosystem. although there is an increase in the number of marine diseases observed world-wide, current understanding of the pathogens associated with marine mammals is limited. an important need exists to develop and apply platforms for rapid detection and characterization of pathogenic agents to assess, prevent and respond to disease outbreaks. in this study, a broad-spectrum molecular detection technology capable of dete ... | 2015 | 26480911 |
| sensitive quantification of clostridium perfringens in human feces by quantitative real-time pcr targeting alpha-toxin and enterotoxin genes. | clostridium perfringens is a widespread pathogen, but the precise quantification of this subdominant gut microbe remains difficult due to its low fecal count (particularly in asymptomatic subjects) and also due to the presence of abundant polymerase-inhibitory substances in human feces. also, information on the intestinal carriage of toxigenic c. perfringens strains in healthy subjects is sparse. therefore, we developed a sensitive quantitative real-time pcr assays for quantification of c. perfr ... | 2015 | 26482797 |
| massive pneumatosis without necrosis: a case report of clostridium perfringens sepsis in an extremely low birth weight infant. | pneumatosis intestinalis and free intraperitoneal air on abdominal radiographs are considered pathognomonic signs of necrotizing enterocolitis (nec). we report a unique case of late-onset fulminant sepsis due to clostridium perfringens presenting with shock, extensive pneumatosis intestinalis and free intraperitoneal air in an extremely low birth weight infant without histopathological evidence of bowel necrosis or nec. | 2015 | 26485548 |
| changes in microbial community during biohydrogen production using gamma irradiated sludge as inoculum. | the changes in microbial community structures during fermentative hydrogen production process were investigated by analyzing 16s rdna gene sequences using gamma irradiated sludge as inoculum. the experimental results showed that the microbial community structure of untreated sludge was very rich in diversity. after gamma irradiation, lots of species were inhibited, and species with high survival rates under radiation conditions became dominant. after fermentation, clostridium butyrium and a sequ ... | 2016 | 26492174 |
| intestinal microbiota profiles of healthy pre-school and school-age children and effects of probiotic supplementation. | this study aims to establish the baseline profile of intestinal microbiota in pre-school and school-age japanese children and to investigate the effects of a probiotic on the microbiota. | 2015 | 26496372 |
| the antimicrobial peptide sublancin ameliorates necrotic enteritis induced by clostridium perfringens in broilers. | sublancin is an antimicrobial peptide produced by 168 containing 37 amino acids. the objective of this study was to investigate its inhibitory efficacy against both in vitro and in vivo. in the in vitro study, we determined that sublancin had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 μm against , which was much higher than the antibiotic lincomycin (0.281 μm). scanning electron microscopy showed that sublancin damaged the morphology of . the in vivo study was conducted on broilers for a 28-d perio ... | 2015 | 26523568 |
| identification of a bacteria-specific binding protein from the sequenced bacterial genome. | novel and specific recognition elements are of central importance in the development of a pathogen detection method. here, we describe a simple method for identifying the cell-wall binding domain (cbd) from a sequenced bacterial genome employing homology search for phage lysin genes. a putative cbd (cpf369_cbd) was identified from a genome of clostridium perfringens type strain atcc 13124, and its function was studied with the cbdgfp fusion protein recombinantly expressed in escherichia coli. fl ... | 2016 | 26528533 |
| evaluation of an ultrafiltration-based procedure for simultaneous recovery of diverse microbes in source waters. | in this study, hollow-fiber ultrafiltration (uf) was assessed for recovery of escherichia coli, clostridium perfringens spores, cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, echovirus 1, and bacteriophages ms2 and φx174 from ground and surface waters. microbes were seeded into twenty-two 50-l water samples that were collected from the southeastern united states and concentrated to ∼500 ml by uf. secondary concentration was performed for c. parvum by centrifugation followed by immunomagnetic separation. second ... | 2015 | 26530003 |
| physiological role of fold (methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase), fcha (methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase) and fhs (formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase) from clostridium perfringens in a heterologous model of escherichia coli. | most organisms possess bifunctional fold [5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (5,10-ch2-thf) dehydrogenase-cyclohydrolase] to generate nadph and 10-formyltetrahdrofolate (10-cho-thf) required in various metabolic steps. in addition, some organisms including clostridium perfringens possess another protein, fhs (formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase), to synthesize 10-cho-thf. here, we show that unlike the bifunctional fold of escherichia coli (ecofold), and contrary to its annotated bifunctional nature, c ... | 2016 | 26531681 |
| septic arthritis due to clostridium ramosum. | clostridium species are anaerobic bacilli that are rarely reported as etiologic agents of infectious arthritis. previous cases of arthritis caused by clostridium ramosum have not been reported. we describe the first 2 cases of c. ramosum arthritis. | 2016 | 26546506 |
| comparison of vaginal microbial community structure in healthy and endometritis dairy cows by pcr-dgge and real-time pcr. | the normal vaginal microflora provides protection against infections of the reproductive tract. previous studies have focused on the isolation and screening of probiotic strains from the vagina of cows; however, the vaginal microflora of postpartum cows is poorly characterized. the present study was conducted to evaluate and characterize the vaginal microflora of healthy postpartum cows in relation to postpartum cows with endometritis by using pcr followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophore ... | 2016 | 26551525 |
| correlation between body mass index and faecal microbiota from children. | childhood obesity is an increasing problem at the global level and considered as a risk factor for obesity development and the associated co-morbidities in adult life. in this study, the occurrence of bacteroides fragilis group, clostridium spp., bifidobacterium spp. and escherichia coli in 84 faecal samples from 30 obese, 24 overweight and 30 lean children was verified by culture technique and quantitative determination by quantitative pcr. in addition, lactobacillus spp. and methanobrevibacter ... | 2016 | 26551842 |
| tcpm: a novel relaxase that mediates transfer of large conjugative plasmids from clostridium perfringens. | conjugative transfer of toxin and antibiotic resistance plasmids in clostridium perfringens is mediated by the tcp conjugation locus. surprisingly, neither a relaxase gene nor an origin of transfer (orit) has been identified on these plasmids, which are typified by the 47 kb tetracycline resistance plasmid pcw3. the tcpm gene (previously called intp) encodes a potential tyrosine recombinase that was postulated to be an atypical relaxase. mutagenesis and complementation studies showed that tcpm w ... | 2016 | 26560080 |
| growth and physiology of clostridium perfringens wild-type and δazoc knockout: an azo dye exposure study. | clostridium perfringens, a strictly anaerobic micro-organism and inhabitant of the human intestine, has been shown to produce the azoreductase enzyme azoc, an nad(p)h-dependent flavin oxidoreductase. this enzyme reduces azo dyes to aromatic amines, which are carcinogenic in nature. a significant amount of work has been completed that focuses on the activity of this enzyme; however, few studies have been completed that focus on the physiology of azo dye reduction. dye reduction studies coupled wi ... | 2016 | 26566621 |
| effect of clostridium perfringens infection and antibiotic administration on microbiota in the small intestine of broiler chickens. | the etiological agent of necrotic enteritis (ne) is clostridium perfringens (cp), which is an economically significant problem for broiler chicken producers worldwide. traditional use of in-feed antibiotic growth promoters to control ne disease have resulted in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in cp strains. identification of probiotic bacteria strains as an alternative to antibiotics for the control of intestinal cp colonization is crucial. two experiments were conducted to determine chan ... | 2016 | 26567176 |
| an epidemiological review of gastrointestinal outbreaks associated with clostridium perfringens, north east of england, 2012-2014. | an anecdotal increase in c. perfringens outbreaks was observed in the north east of england during 2012-2014. we describe findings of investigations in order to further understanding of the epidemiology of these outbreaks and inform control measures. all culture-positive (>105 c.f.u./g) outbreaks reported to the north east health protection team from 1 january 2012 to 31 december 2014 were included. epidemiological (attack rate, symptom profile and positive associations with a suspected vehicle ... | 2016 | 26567801 |
| multiplex detection of nine food-borne pathogens by mpcr and capillary electrophoresis after using a universal pre-enrichment medium. | routine microbiological quality analyses in food samples require, in some cases, an initial incubation in pre-enrichment medium. this is necessary in order to ensure that small amounts of pathogenic strains are going to be detected. in this work, a universal pre-enrichment medium has been developed for the simultaneous growth of bacillus cereus, campylobacter jejuni, clostridium perfringens, cronobacter sakazakii, escherichia coli, enterobacteriaceae family (38 species, 27 genera), listeria mono ... | 2015 | 26579100 |
| effects of supplemental mannanoligosaccharides on growth performance, faecal characteristics and health in dairy calves. | twenty holstein calves were used to investigate the effects of mannanoligosaccharides (mos) supplementation in the whole milk on growth performance, faecal score, faecal ph, selected faecal bacterial populations and health during the preweaning period. healthy calves selected by clinical examination were allocated to one of the two groups (control [cg] and experimental [eg]) at 5 days old. each group consisted of 5 male and 5 female calves. each calf in eg was supplemented with 7 g/d of a mos pr ... | 2015 | 26580284 |
| identification and characterization of a new enterotoxin produced by clostridium perfringens isolated from food poisoning outbreaks. | there is a strain of clostridium perfringens, w5052, which does not produce a known enterotoxin. we herein report that the strain w5052 expressed a homologue of the iota-like toxin components sa and sb of c. spiroforme, named clostridium perfringens iota-like enterotoxin, cpile-a and cpile-b, respectively, based on the results of a genome sequencing analysis and a systematic protein screening. in the nicotinamide glyco-hydrolase (nadase) assay the hydrolysis activity was dose-dependently increas ... | 2015 | 26584048 |
| integration of an innovative biological treatment with physical or chemical disinfection for wastewater reuse. | in the present paper, the effectiveness of a sequencing batch biofilter granular reactor (sbbgr) and its integration with different disinfection strategies (uv irradiation, peracetic acid) for producing an effluent suitable for agricultural use was evaluated. the plant treated raw domestic sewage, and its performances were evaluated in terms of the removal efficiency of a wide group of physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. the sbbgr resulted really efficient in removing suspended so ... | 2016 | 26584070 |
| modeling the synergistic antibacterial effects of honey characteristics of different botanical origins from the sahara desert of algeria. | honey has multiple therapeutic properties due to its composition with diverse components. | 2015 | 26594206 |
| diversity of clostridium perfringens isolates from various sources and prevalence of conjugative plasmids. | clostridium perfringens is an important pathogen, causing food poisoning and other mild to severe infections in humans and animals. some strains of c. perfringens contain conjugative plasmids, which may carry antimicrobial resistance and toxin genes. we studied genomic and plasmid diversity of 145 c. perfringens type a strains isolated from soils, foods, chickens, clinical samples, and domestic animals (porcine, bovine and canine), from different geographic areas in the united states between 199 ... | 2016 | 26608548 |
| evaluation of three full-scale stormwater treatment systems with respect to water yield, pathogen removal efficacy and human health risk from faecal pathogens. | in this study, three full-scale, operational stormwater harvesting systems located in melbourne, australia were evaluated with respect to water yields; pathogen removal performance by analysis of native surrogate data (escherichiacoli, somatic coliphages and clostridium perfringens); and potential human health risk associated with exposures to faecal pathogens using quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra). the water yield assessment confirmed variation between design and measured yields. f ... | 2016 | 26615487 |
| protection against necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens by regulated delayed lysis salmonella vaccines. | necrotic enteritis (ne), caused by gram-positive clostridium perfringens type a strains, has gained more attention in the broiler industry due to governmental restrictions affecting the use of growth-promoting antibiotics in feed. to date, there is only one commercial ne vaccine available, based on the c. perfringens alpha toxin. however, recent work has suggested that the netb toxin, not alpha toxin, is the most critical virulence factor for causing ne. these findings notwithstanding, it is cle ... | 2015 | 26629620 |
| membrane-binding mechanism of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin. | clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin is a key mediator of gas gangrene, which is a life-threatening infection that manifests as fever, pain, edema, myonecrosis, and gas production. alpha-toxin possesses phospholipase c and sphingomyelinase activities. the toxin is composed of an n-terminal domain (1-250 aa, n-domain), which is the catalytic site, and a c-terminal domain (251-370 aa, c-domain), which is the membrane-binding site. immunization of mice with the c-domain of alpha-toxin prevents the g ... | 2015 | 26633512 |
| metagenomic approach for identification of the pathogens associated with diarrhea in stool specimens. | the potential to rapidly capture the entire microbial community structure and/or gene content makes metagenomic sequencing an attractive tool for pathogen identification and the detection of resistance/virulence genes in clinical settings. here, we assessed the consistency between pcr from a diagnostic laboratory, quantitative pcr (qpcr) from a research laboratory, 16s rrna gene sequencing, and metagenomic shotgun sequencing (mss) for clostridium difficile identification in diarrhea stool sample ... | 2016 | 26637379 |
| evaluation of a multiplex pcr assay for detection of cytomegalovirus in stool samples from patients with ulcerative colitis. | to evaluate a multiplex pcr assay for the detection of bacterial and viral enteropathogens in stool samples from patients with ulcerative colitis (uc). | 2015 | 26640344 |
| the effect of cold stress on the pathogenesis of necrotic enteritis in broiler chicks. | cold stress is a physical environmental stressor with significant effect on the poultry industry. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cold stress as a predisposing factor for necrotic enteritis in broiler chicks. the experimental challenge model included an oral inoculation with 10-fold dose of attenuated anticoccidial vaccine and multiple oral inoculations with a specific strain of clostridium perfringens. birds were either challenged or not as described above, and eit ... | 2015 | 26642742 |
| in vitro fermentation of xylooligosaccharides produced from miscanthus × giganteus by human fecal microbiota. | purified xylooligosaccharides from miscanthus × giganteus (m×g xos) were used in an in vitro fermentation experiment inoculated with human fecal microbiota. a commercial xos product and pectin were used as controls. decreases in ph by 2.3, 2.4, and 2.0 units and production of short-chain fatty acids (scfa; acetic acid, 7764.2, 6664.1, and 6387.9 μmol/g; propionic acid, 1006.7, 1089.5, and 661.5 μmol/g; and butyric acid, 955.5, 1252.9, and 917.7 μmol/g) were observed in m×g xos, commercial xos, a ... | 2016 | 26648520 |
| alternatives to antibiotics to prevent necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens: a microbiologist's perspective. | since the 2006 european ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed, numerous studies have been published describing alternative strategies to prevent diseases in animals. a particular focus has been on prevention of necrotic enteritis in poultry caused by clostridium perfringens by the use of microbes or microbe-derived products. microbes produce a plethora of molecules with antimicrobial properties and they can also have beneficial effects through interactions with their h ... | 2015 | 26648920 |
| single molecule compression reveals intra-protein forces drive cytotoxin pore formation. | perfringolysin o (pfo) is a prototypical member of a large family of pore-forming proteins that undergo a significant reduction in height during the transition from the membrane-assembled prepore to the membrane-inserted pore. here, we show that targeted application of compressive forces can catalyze this conformational change in individual pfo complexes trapped at the prepore stage, recapitulating this critical step of the spontaneous process. the free energy landscape determined from these mea ... | 2015 | 26652734 |
| cloning, characterization, and production of three α-l-fucosidases from clostridium perfringens atcc 13124. | α-l-fucosidases are key enzymes for the degradation of intestinal glycans by gut microbes. in this work, three putative α-l-fucosidases (afc1, afc2, and afc3) genes from clostridium perfringens atcc 13124 were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. afc1 had the α-l-fucosidase domain of glycoside hydrolase (gh) 29 family but showed no enzyme activity toward all the substrates examined. the putative acid/base residue of afc1, ser205, was replaced by a glutamic acid which is conserved in gh29-b ... | 2016 | 26663202 |
| role of a bacillus subtilis direct-fed microbial on digesta viscosity, bacterial translocation, and bone mineralization in turkey poults fed with a rye-based diet. | rye contains high concentrations of non-starch polysaccharides (nsps), leading to reduced digestibility. since poultry have little or no endogenous enzymes capable of hydrolyzing these nsp, exogenous carbohydrases as feed additives are used in an attempt to reduce the anti-nutritional effects of these polysaccharides. previously, an in vitro study conducted in our laboratory showed that inclusion of certain bacillus direct-fed microbial (dfm) candidates that produce exogenous phytase, lipase, pr ... | 2014 | 26664925 |
| selection of bacillus spp. for cellulase and xylanase production as direct-fed microbials to reduce digesta viscosity and clostridium perfringens proliferation using an in vitro digestive model in different poultry diets. | previously, our laboratory has screened and identified bacillus spp. isolates as direct-fed microbials (dfm). the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cellulase and xylanase production of these isolates and select the most appropriate bacillus spp. candidates for dfm. furthermore, an in vitro digestive model, simulating different compartments of the gastrointestinal tract, was used to determine the effect of these selected candidates on digesta viscosity and clostridium perfringens p ... | 2015 | 26664954 |
| blurred lines: pathogens, commensals, and the healthy gut. | 2015 | 26664968 | |
| presence and characterization of pig group a and c rotaviruses in feces of belgian diarrheic suckling piglets. | the importance of group a and c rotaviruses (rva and rvc) in the pathogenesis of diarrhea in belgian suckling pigs is poorly investigated, and it is not known which strains are circulating in the belgian suckling pig population. obtaining better insights in the occurrence of both viral species in the swine population is essential in order to develop accurate diagnostic, therapeutic and prophylactic strategies to protect suckling pigs against diarrhea in a durable manner. in the present study, vi ... | 2016 | 26677793 |
| successful treatment of aortic root abscess in a patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension. | continuous prostanoid infusion is an established treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension that has led to improvements in symptoms, exercise tolerance, and survival. patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah) who develop sepsis frequently experience clinical and hemodynamic deterioration associated with poor outcomes. successful management of sepsis involves identification of the source of infection, early antimicrobial administration, judicious fluid resuscitation, and continuatio ... | 2015 | 26697181 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of thymol and carvacrol and their effects on broiler chickens challenged with clostridium perfringens. | in the post-antibiotic era, essential oils (eo) are promising alternatives to growth-promoting antibiotics. the aim of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial activities of an eo product and its components thymol and carvacrol in vitro, and the efficacy of eo to control clostridium perfringens challenge in broiler chickens. | 2015 | 26705471 |
| selection for pro-inflammatory mediators produces chickens more resistant to clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis. | we developed a novel selection method based on an inherently high and low phenotype of pro-inflammatory mediators and produced "high" and "low" line chickens. we have shown high line birds are more resistant to salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and eimeria tenella compared to the low line. clostridium perfringens is the fourth leading cause of bacterial-induced foodborne illness, and is also an economically important poultry pathogen and known etiologic agent of necrotic enteritis (ne). th ... | 2016 | 26706357 |
| roles of asp179 and glu270 in adp-ribosylation of actin by clostridium perfringens iota toxin. | clostridium perfringens iota toxin is a binary toxin composed of the enzymatically active component ia and receptor binding component ib. ia is an adp-ribosyltransferase, which modifies arg177 of actin. the previously determined crystal structure of the actin-ia complex suggested involvement of asp179 of actin in the adp-ribosylation reaction. to gain more insights into the structural requirements of actin to serve as a substrate for toxin-catalyzed adp-ribosylation, we engineered saccharomyces ... | 2015 | 26713879 |
| in vitro activity of gepotidacin, a novel triazaacenaphthylene bacterial topoisomerase inhibitor, against a broad spectrum of bacterial pathogens. | gepotidacin inhibits bacterial dna replication through a mode different from that of fluoroquinolones. gepotidacin and comparators were tested by broth and agar dilution against clinical isolates. the in vitro activities of gepotidacin were comparable against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus (mssa and mrsa, respectively) isolates (mic90, 0.5 μg/ml). the gepotidacin mic90s were as follows (in micrograms per milliliter) for the indicated bacteria: streptococcus pyogenes ... | 2016 | 26729499 |