Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| isolation and characterization of minicell-producing mutants of shigella spp. | minicells are small, anucleate cells resulting from aberrant cell divisions at the polar ends of bacilli. we have isolated minicell-producing mutant strains of shigella flexneri 2a (mc-i) and shigella dysenteriae 1 (mc-v) after mutagenesis with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. microscopically, broth cultures of mc-i and mc-v were found to contain free minicells, normal cells, and filamentous cells with polar, attached minicells. both strains retained their ability to provoke keratoconjuncti ... | 1980 | 7002790 |
| protection against keratoconjunctivitis shigellosa induced by immunization with outer membrane proteins of shigella spp. | active immunization of guinea pigs and rabbits with outer membrane proteins (omp) isolated from shigella flexneri 3a and shigella sonnei phase i protected the animals against keratoconjunctivitis shigellosa induced with the homologous or heterologous strain. protection was also achieved in rabbits after passive immunization with anti-omp immune serum. active immunization with lipopolysaccharide of s. flexneri 3a did not protect rabbits against keratoconjunctivitis shigellosa. | 1980 | 7002794 |
| contrasting epidemiology of shigellae dysenteriae and shigellae flexneri, dacca. | 1980 | 7003832 | |
| [etiological structure of dysentery in the verkhnebureya district, khabarovsk territory, in 1974-1976]. | 1980 | 7004000 | |
| [enteric dysentery vaccines and their effectiveness in a rabbit intestinal loop model. i. the residual virulence of attenuated vaccinal strains of shigella administered into the intestinal loops]. | virulent sh. flexneri strain 2a, sh. sonnei strain, attenuated sh. flexneri vaccine strain 2a 516m, and sh. sonnei vaccine strain 6s (isolated by yu. a. belaya), as well as streptomycin-dependent sh. flexneri strain 2a 1605/3 (isolated by v. v. sergeev) were introduced into the ligated loops of the rabbit ileum. the use of light and immunofluorescent microscopy, the measurement of the volume of the fluid in the intestinal loops and the quantitative inoculation of their contents resulted in revea ... | 1980 | 7004003 |
| [shigella flexneri mutation giving rise to the appearance of fosfomycin-resistant avirulent forms with disordered carbohydrate utilization]. | the present work analyzes pt44 mutation in sh. flexneri resulting in the appearance of the following phenotypical properties: resistance to phosphomycin, avirulence, pleiotropic disturbances in carbohydrate utilization. the data provided by the biochemical and genetic analysis have indicated that pts44 mutation occupies the region between purc and ptsi loci on the chromosome of sh. flexneri. merodiploids containing the mutant allele pts44 and the plasmid including purc-ptsi-ptsh genes from e. co ... | 1980 | 7004011 |
| [certain features of the boivin antigens of streptomycin-dependent sh. flexneri 2a strains differing in immunogenicity]. | 1980 | 7004013 | |
| [characteristics of attenuated immunogenic mutants of shigella flexneri selected from phosphomycin-resistant clones]. | sh. flexneri mutants no. 2a, resistant to phosphomycin (25 microgram/ml), differ in their fermentability in respect to glucose, mannitol, mannose and fructose. the mutants fall into 7 groups by this characteristic. all the resistant mutants, irrespective of the type of hydrocarbon fermentation, have lost their ability of causing keratoconjunctivitis. the decreased virulence of the phosphomycin-resistant mutants is linked with the loss of their penetration properties, although their adhesiveness ... | 1980 | 7004017 |
| [chromosomal transformation of escherichia coli by shigella flexneri dna]. | 1980 | 7004023 | |
| effects of endotoxin from different bacteria on ovum transport in rabbits. | 1980 | 7004496 | |
| yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in a group of macaca fascicularis. | diarrheal disease associated with abortions and stillbirths occurred in a group of 42 macaca fascicularis. the group was composed of wild-caught adults and their colony-born offspring housed in a half-acre cage. thirteen adult females and 1 infant male were affected. all 14 monkeys had diarrhea and all 9 pregnant females either aborted or had a stillbirth. yersinia pseudotuberculosis was isolated from 7 animals. in addition, y enterocolitica was isolated from 1 monkey and shigella flexneri type ... | 1980 | 7005202 |
| faecal excretion of entero-pathogens in a pakistani family returning to the u.k. after a visit to rawalpindi. | the family consisted of two parents and five children. while the father remained in cardiff, the mother and all the children visited rawalpindi, pakistan, for 6 weeks to stay with relatives. travel was by flight from heathrow airport to pakistan and by a short road journey to rawalpindi. mrs m. - the mother - as a guest, did no cooking on the holiday. the house which they were living in had a piped water supply, thought to be treated. there was no flush toilet but a commode was available and was ... | 1980 | 7005329 |
| [serum creatine phosphokinase, got, and gpt activity in different types of infectious diseases in monkeys]. | an increase in creatine phosphokinase (cpk) activity as well as a decrease in activities of aspartate aminotransferase (aat) and alanine aminotransferase (alt) were observed in monkey blood serum under conditions of experimental infection of the animals with dysentery. contrary to the non-immunized animals, the activity of cpk was increased but the activities of aat and alt were unaltered in blood serum of the immunized monkeys. estimation of the enzymatic activity might be used for diagnosis of ... | 1980 | 7006207 |
| survival of shigellae in soil. | the survival of four shigella strains in soil (sh. sonnei, sh. boydii, sh. flexneri and sh. dysenteriae) was studied under various conditions. their survival period was tested in two different types of sterile soil at 18-20 degrees c and in one type of soil at 4 and 37 degrees c. this latter type of soil, after enrichment with casaminoacids or (nh4)2hpo4 was also used for testing again the survival of the strains at 18-20 degrees c. though the initial number of the inoculated microorganisms was ... | 1980 | 7006270 |
| endotoxin-induced uveitis in the rat. | experimental studies of ocular inflammation induced by endotoxin have been performed almost exclusively in rabbits. although the rat has been considered refractory to both the systemic and local effects of endotoxin, the present study has shown that intravitreal injection of endotoxin evoked a characteristic acute inflammatory response which was reproducible and dose-dependent. in addition, a consensual ocular response in the control eye occurred which was less severe but also dose-dependent. pr ... | 1980 | 7006439 |
| resistance to trimethoprim and other antibiotics in shigellae isolated in the province of ontario. | antimicrobial susceptibility determinations for three commonly used and seven seldom used antibacterial drugs against 482 strains of shigellae isolated in ontario during 1977 and 1978 were carried out. resistance to the first-line treatment drugs, ampicillin and tetracycline, occurred in 20.5 and 39.2% of strains, respectively. the emergence of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance was noted for the first time in 3.2% of the strains in 1978. all strains retained their susceptibility to gentam ... | 1980 | 7006767 |
| structural studies on shigella flexneri serotype 6 core region. | the core structure of shigella flexneri serotype 6 has been investigated. the methods used in these studies involved methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, smith degradation and enzymic modifications of core oligosaccharides isolated from two smooth strains and four rough mutants. as a result the complete core region was established (formula: see text) where dgalp = d-galactopyranose, dglcp = d-glucopyranose, l alpha dhepp = l-glycero-d-mannoheptapyranose, docla = 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic ... | 1980 | 7007048 |
| [effect of antibacterial therapy on regeneration of large-intestinal mucosa in dysentery]. | 1980 | 7008234 | |
| conjunctivitis and ethmoiditis due to shigella flexneri in an infant. | 1981 | 7009020 | |
| fatal shigella dysentery complicated by toxic megacolon and bone marrow aplasia in a patient with chronic granulocytic leukemia in remission. | a patient with philadelphia positive chronic granulocytic leukemia in clinical remission is described, who developed shigella dysentery complicated by fatal toxic megacolon, pancytopenia and bone marrow aplasia. the difficulties of differential diagnosis between active ulcerative colitis and shigella dysentery and problems relating to the management of these two disorders are discussed. leukocyte function in chronic granulocytic leukemia and its role in infection in these patients is also briefl ... | 1980 | 7009362 |
| splenic abscess and hepatic dysfunction caused by shigella flexneri. | 1981 | 7009818 | |
| [shigella bacteremia. report of three cases]. | shigella bacteremia is very uncommon, although it is known to occur in shigella infection. three cases of shigella flexneri bacteremia are reported, two of them diagnosed at the residencia ntra. sra. de aránzazu of san sebastián, and another at the ciudad sanitaria francisco franco of barcelona. in spite of the frequency of shigella infections in spain, no cases of shigella bacteriemia had been heretofore reported from our country. one of the patients was an alcoholic woman who died in coma and ... | 1981 | 7010019 |
| [shigella interaction with immune enterocytes]. | the immunity induced in rabbits by oral immunization with boivin shigella polyantigen results in activation of enterocytes: hypertrophy and dilatation of the golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum, increase in the number of sizes of primary and secondary lysosomes. resistance of the immune enterocytes to shigella is manifested in a decreased number of bacteria able to penetrate the cytoplasm, the absence of lysis of heterophagosome membrane surrounding the organisms, and the lack of fusion of ... | 1980 | 7011272 |
| protein synthesis in hela or henle 407 cells infected with shigella dysenteriae 1, shigella flexneri 2a, or salmonella typhimurium w118. | the incorporation of [14c]leucine into protein was studied in two mammalian cell lines which had been infected with strains of shigella dysenteriae 1, shigella flexneri 2a, or salmonella typhimurium w118. these cell lines differed in susceptibility to the effects of exogenously applied shiga cytotoxin. all invasive shigella strains (which synthesize this toxin to a greater or lesser degree) were found to inhibit protein synthesis in both cell lines with equal efficiency. leucine accumulation con ... | 1981 | 7012026 |
| oxygen as a product of water radiolysis in high-let tracks. ii. radiobiological implications. | 1981 | 7012902 | |
| [mapping of mutations in genes of flexner shigellae controlling the synthesis of certain ribosomal proteins and study of the effect of these mutations on bacterial virulence]. | the study, carried out to localize the mutations which determine resistance to spectinomycin and neamin, has revealed that in sh. flexneri the genes of the str -- s area and located in the order similar to the order of their location in e. coli k12: spc a -- nea a -- str a -- nea b. mutation in spc a gene was shown to have no influence on the capacity of the shigellae for causing keratoconjunctivitis, whereas nea a mutation resulted in the complete loss of virulence; in str a and nea b mutations ... | 1980 | 7013375 |
| role of antigen form in development of mucosal immunoglobin a response to shigella flexneri antigens. | one major stumbling block in the development of an effective means to immunize against shigellosis and other enteric diseases has been the lack of a means to assess sequential mucosal immune responses to different potential immunogens. in the present study, we compared the abilities of live invasive organisms, noninvasive organisms, and nonviable antigen preparations of shigella to elicit mucosal immune responses. whereas previous studies have found that effective immunity was produced best by v ... | 1981 | 7014458 |
| [effect of the products of the viral activities of shigellae on the physicochemical properties of blood plasma proteins in experimental animals]. | 1981 | 7015080 | |
| [severity of the clinical manifestations of sonnei an flexner dysentery]. | 1981 | 7015757 | |
| [study of enteric dysentery vaccines and their efficacy on a rabbit intestinal loop model. ii. changes in the mucosa of rabbit small intestine after oral immunization with live and chemical vaccines]. | ten days after oral immunization of 3 groups of rabbits with live vaccine prepared from the mixture of streptomycin-dependent mutants of sh. flexneri 2a and sh. sonnei, with sh. flexneri and sh. sonnei tryptic lysate, or with boivin's extract of 6 sh. flexneri and sh. sonnei serotypes, a pronounced activation of the secretory and lysosomal apparatus was observed in ileac enterocytes. deteriorating bacteria or their antigenic material was observed in ileac enterocytes. deteriorating bacteria of t ... | 1981 | 7015764 |
| pattern of shigella flexneri serotypes and drug-resistance in dacca. | 1981 | 7016755 | |
| shigella and shigellaemia. | two cases of bacteraemia with shigella flexneri 2a in children are described. they illustrate the wide variety of clinical manifestations of shigellosis, ranging from benign gastroenteritis to septicaemia associated with severe extra-intestinal manifestations. | 1981 | 7017908 |
| [obtaining shigella flexneri 2a mutants defective in utilization of certain carbon sources, their genetic and biological characteristics]. | various methods, including selection by resistance to the antibiotic mecillinam have been used to obtain sh. flexneri mutants capable of utilizing mannitol and mannose as the sources of carbon. the mutation which determines this phenotype is localized in str-spc area and cotransduced with str a gene (28-33%). the appearance of this mutation in the initial sh. flexneri strain 516 led to a decrease in the virulence of this strain for guinea-pigs. the restoration of its properties and the partial r ... | 1981 | 7018130 |
| [etiologic structure of dysentery in cheliabinsk and its relation to the morbidity level and bacteriologic confirmation]. | 1981 | 7018138 | |
| [radiologic examination in shigellosis (author's transl)]. | 1981 | 7018357 | |
| salmonella and shigella surveillance in hungary, 1972-1976. ii. shigella surveillance. | shigellae were isolated from 32 399 persons in the bacteriological laboratories of the public health stations between 1972-1976. the number of isolations ranged between 5325 and 8237 yearly. as s. dysenteriae and s. boydii serotypes occurred only in about 1.5% of all isolations, the epidemiological situation was determined by the incidence of s. flexneri and s. sonnei. except in 1973, s. sonnei constituted the majority in every year. s. sonnei predominance, observed first in the western regions ... | 1981 | 7020354 |
| shigella septicaemia following renal transplantation. | two patients are described who developed septicaemia with shigella flexneri following renal transplantation. pre-operative screening had not identified either patient as a chronic carrier of shigella sp. the acute management and problems posed by unrecognized carriers amongst patients undergoing transplantation in areas of the world where shigella is endemic, are discussed. | 1980 | 7022421 |
| [effect of a pulsatile magnetic field on shigella flexneri]. | 1981 | 7023140 | |
| [oral intestinal vaccines and their effectiveness in the rabbit intestinal loop model. iii. effectiveness of oral immunization with live and chemical vaccines]. | the effectiveness of the oral immunization of rabbits was manifested by a decrease in the number of virulent shigella penetrating enterocytes, by the limited proliferation of bacteria in the epithelium and by the less pronounced ulcerous inflammation of the mucous membrane in the intestinal loops even after infection with large doses (10(9) bacteria). in electron microscopy this was manifested by the destruction of shigella cells in heterophagosomes formed in enterocytes. the degree of fluid acc ... | 1981 | 7023143 |
| [transformation reaction study of e. coli competence]. | 1981 | 7023154 | |
| [role of catalase in shigella flexneri and s. sonnei survivability in phagocytes]. | 1981 | 7024743 | |
| studies on virulence of shigella flexneri. protective effect of outer membrane proteins. | groups of mice were immunized intraperitoneally with proteins isolated from outer membrane of virulent strain of shigella flexneri 3a and its avirulent variant. all the animals were found to survive challenge with ld100 of virulent sh. flexneri 3a. similar protective effect against challenge with sh. flexneri 3a gave also immunization of mice with outer membrane proteins isolated from sh. flexneri of other serotypes (2a, 4a, 6, and x) and from escherichia coli, hafnia alvei and shigella sonnei. | 1981 | 7025793 |
| a chronic carrier of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole-resistant shigella flexneri serotype 1. | 1981 | 7026229 | |
| shigellosis in infants and children. | 1981 | 7026439 | |
| [rare case of mixed infection (tick-borne encephalitis, typhoid, dysentery and opisthorchiasis)]. | 1981 | 7026892 | |
| [relation of dysentery drug therapy to the development of antibiotic resistance in shigella]. | 1981 | 7027914 | |
| [group of derepressed pkmr plasmids found in wild strains of shigella]. | a group of derepressed (drd) r plasmids was identified in 3 clinical isolates of shigella, i. e. sh. flexneri 1b, sh. flexneri 3c and sh. sonnei resistant to ampicillin (ap), streptomycin (sm), tetracycline (tc), chloramphenicol (cm), kanamycin (km) and sulfathiazole (su). the plasmids were designated as pkmr 202-2 (sm, tc, cm, km, su), pkmr 203-3 (ap, tc, cm, su), pkmr 204--2 (sm, km, su), pkmr 204-3 (ap, sm, cm, km, su), pkmr 204-4 (ap, sm, km, su), pkmr 204-5 (km, su), pkmr 204-6 (ap, sm, tc, ... | 1981 | 7027918 |
| [radioprotective properties of shigella antigens]. | 1981 | 7029609 | |
| [outcomes of acute dysentery]. | 1981 | 7029905 | |
| [formation of l-forms of shigella flexneri and shigella sonnei in vitro]. | 1981 | 7029982 | |
| endemic enteric disease in vervet monkeys. | comprehensive bacteriological investigation indicates shigellae as the probable aetiological bacteria in one endemic enteric disease situation. one species and four serotypes have been detected. in vitro antibiotic sensitivity spectra have been determined. epidemiology, pathology and pathogenesis in relation to the experimental animal situation and experimental results are considered. a rationale for treatment and control is suggested. | 1981 | 7031245 |
| enhancement of gas production in a strain of shigella flexneri serotype 6 by r plasmids. | the introduction of four different r plasmids into an aerogenic strain of shigella flexneri serotype 6 resulted in changes in the amount of gas produced and in the range of carbohydrates from which this occurred. the possible causes of these changes and their implications for bacterial identification are discussed. | 1981 | 7031253 |
| [mechanism of adhesion of shigella to the intestinal mucosa]. | 1981 | 7032161 | |
| direct demonstration in intestinal secretions of an iga memory response to orally administered shigella flexneri antigens. | 1982 | 7033378 | |
| [separation of shigella toxins into fractions differing in biological activity and characteristics of the fractions inducing penetration in avirulent strains]. | the results obtained in the study of the biological activity of the lysates of 14 sh. flexneri and sh. sonnei strains differing in their virulence are presented. in the lysates of the virulent cultures 2 kinds of biological activity corresponding to the fractions of peaks i and ii could be detected: one fraction possessed hela toxicity, the other fraction possessed enterotoxic activity. the avirulent nonpenetrating mutants had no hela toxicity, but retained their capacity for producing factors s ... | 1981 | 7034411 |
| [antigenic characteristics of a preparation obtained by a non-destructive method from shigella flexneri and shigella sonnei]. | 1981 | 7034415 | |
| [liver and kidney function after immunization with an enteral vaccine from shigella flexneri and shigella sonnei antigens (blood biochemical test data)]. | 1981 | 7034416 | |
| [physicochemical characteristics of transfer derepressed pkmr plasmids]. | a group of transfer derepressed r factors (pkmr plasmids) was identified with the methods of conjugation and transformation in 2 antibiotic resistant strains of the dysentery bacillus, i. e. shigella flexneri 3c and sh. sonnei isolated from patients with acute dysentery. the antibiotic resistance in s. flexneri was controlled by plasmid pkmr 202-2 (sm tc cm km su) with a molecular weight of 59 md and that in sh. sonnei was controlled by 2 plasmids, i. e. pkmr 203-2 (ap sm tc cm km su) and pkmr 2 ... | 1981 | 7034638 |
| a study on experimental keratoconjunctivitis shigellosa. | 1980 | 7035740 | |
| bacteriological and epidemiological approaches to the prophylaxis of enteric infection. vi. in vitro studies on the mechanism of acquired resistance to shigella flexneri infection (1). | 1980 | 7035741 | |
| towards serodiagnosis of serratia marcescens infections: examination of sera from noninfected patients and from experimentally infected rabbits for anti-h and anti-o antibodies; s. marcescens o-antigen cross-reactions with those of other enterobacteriaceae. | sera from 100 patients not infected with serratia marcescens at the time of hospital admission lacked detectable h-immobilizing antibodies against all 20 currently recognized h-antigens of this microorganism. however, various patient sera revealed elevated titers of o-agglutinins against several of the 20 o-antigens of s. marcescens, in a particular o-antigens, o1, o3, o4, o5, o7, o8, o10, o11, o16, o17, o18, o19, and o20. rabbit anti-shigella serogroup b immune serum cross-reacted with s. marce ... | 1981 | 7036590 |
| [an oral enteritis-vaccine composed of twelve heat-inactivated enterobacteriaceae 3. communication: studies on efficacy tests in mice protection tests (author's transl)]. | the polyvalent vaccine consists of twelve heat-inactivated species of enterobacteriaceae (six strains of salmonellae, two strains of shigellae, four strains of dyspepsia coli). the above vaccine is administered orally (6) to man for prophylactic purposes against local infections. the present communication describes the efficacy results of the vaccine obtained for different parameters by the mouse protection test. for this purpose, seven different infection models were used: oral infection with a ... | 1981 | 7036591 |
| seroepidemiological studies with campylobacter fetus. | 324 sera from unselected male and 581 sera from female patients as well as 268 sera from prostitutes were studied for antibodies against campylobacter fetus using the complement fixation test. antigen was campylobacter fetus subspecies intestinalis. 3.9% of the sera showed low but relevant antibody titers. statistically significant differences don't exist between the three population investigated. serological cross reactions could not be observed using salmonella typhimurium, shigella flexneri, ... | 1981 | 7036594 |
| [use of live flexner 2a 516m dysentery vaccine for the immunotherapy of acute and chronic dysentery]. | live dysentery vaccine prepared from sh. flexneri 2a 516 m, a spontaneous mutant, was used for the treatment of 153 patients with acute and chronic dysentery. a single oral administration in a dose of 25 x 10(9) live microbial cells and 2 oral administrations in doses of 25 x 10(9) and 50 x 10(9) live microbial cells did not induce the clinical aggravation of the disease, greatly reduced the time of the reparation of the intestinal mucosa and reduced the frequency and duration of excretion of th ... | 1981 | 7036601 |
| [increased effectiveness of antibiotic therapy with adaptogens in dysentery and proteus infection in children]. | the course of the disease and the host immunological reactivity (iga, igm, igg, cphi, igg and igm antibody titers in the hit, blood bactericidic properties) were studied in 258 children aged 0 to 14 year suffering from acute dysentery caused by shigella sonnei and flexneri and enterocolitis of the proteus etiology. 157 patients were treated with monomycin and kanamycin in combination with adaptogens, such as eleuterococcus and echinopanax elatum nakai l. and 101 patients were treated with the an ... | 1982 | 7036851 |
| [participation of cyclic nucleotides, ca ions and gastrin in the pathogenesis of the diarrheal syndrome in acute dysentery]. | 1981 | 7038902 | |
| adherence of shigella flexneri to guinea pig intestinal cells is mediated by a mucosal adhesion. | guinea pig colonic epithelial cells released by treating sections of the colon with solutions containing edta, dithiothreitol, and citrate avidly adhered shigella flexneri bacteria. separation of the intestinal cells from nonbound bacteria was achieved by differential sedimentation on a percoll gradient. adherence of s. flexneri to the colonic cells was ca2+ (1 mm) and time dependent. the ph optimum was ph 6.2, and almost no attachment (less than 5%) was observed at low temperature (4 degrees c) ... | 1982 | 7040246 |
| [etiological factors in bacillary dysentery in poland 1965-1979]. | 1981 | 7041196 | |
| shigella enterocolitis and acute renal failure. | although acute renal failure secondary to infections is relatively common in adult patients, uremia requiring dialysis has not previously been reported in an adult patient with shigella enterocolitis. our patient, infected with s flexneri, had severe renal failure without any evidence of sepsis, rhabdomyolysis, or the hemolytic-uremic syndrome. antibiotic therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole appeared to play a role in his eventual recovery. | 1982 | 7041284 |
| [shigellosis in pediatric wards]. | 1981 | 7042492 | |
| [local immunity in acute dysentery. ii. the content of antibody-forming cells in the large intestine mucosa in acute flexner dysentery in the dynamics of the disease]. | antibody-forming cells were detected in the large intestine of patients with acute flexner's dysentery by means of the modified jerne - nordin method of hemolysis in agar. this method allowed one to determine the classes of immunoglobulins produced by the cells contained in tissue microspecimens obtained by the biopsy of the intestinal mucosa. the maximum amount of antibody-containing cells could be detected on days 7-12 of the disease. the content of antibody-forming cells was shown to depend o ... | 1982 | 7043970 |
| [properties of shigellae relevant to food hygiene]. | 1981 | 7044337 | |
| [epidemiology and prevention of dysentery]. | 1982 | 7047217 | |
| [effect of b group vitamins on dysentery bacteria activity during stab culture]. | the addition of the vitamin b complex into the culture medium enhances the productivity of the process ensuring the yield of biomass. the presence of the vitamins of this complex in the culture media intensifies the synthesis of some macromolecular compounds and prolongs the period of the physiological activity of the population. | 1982 | 7048820 |
| plasmid-mediated invasiveness of "shigella-like" escherichia coli. | invasive escherichia coli is a "shigella-like" microorganism which causes a dysenteric syndrome through invasion of the human colonic epithelium. representative strains of different serotypes were studied in order to determine whether plasmids are involved in their virulence. all invasive e. coli strains, irrespective of serotype, were found to harbour a large plasmid of approximately 140 mdal. spontaneous variants of serotypes o143 and o124 had lost this plasmid and had become avirulent, i.e. c ... | 1982 | 7049041 |
| shigella species from addis ababa: frequency of isolation and in vitro drug sensitivity. | one hundred and five shigella isolates from addis ababa were studied to determine serogroup frequency and in vitro antibacterial drug sensitivity. about 70% of the isolates were shigella flexneri followed by sh. dysenteriae (15%), sh. boydii (10%) and sh. sonnei (5%). all or most of the strains were susceptible to cephalothin, gentamicin, kanamycin, polymyxin b and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. frequencies of susceptibility to ampicillin, carbenicillin and chloramphenicol were, respectively, 7 ... | 1982 | 7057026 |
| antibacterial substance from carica papaya fruit extract. | ripe and unripe carica papaya fruits (epicarp, endocarp, seeds and leaves) were extracted separately and purified. all the extracts except that of leaves produced very significant antibacterial activity on staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and shigella flexneri. the mic of the substance was small (0.2-0.3 mg/ml) for gram-positive bacteria and large (1.5-4 mg/ml) for gram-negative bacteria. the substance was bactericidal and showed properties of a pr ... | 1982 | 7097295 |
| high frequency of hla-b27 and reiter's syndrome in navajo indians. | eighteen cases of reiter's syndrome were found in a population of approximately 6,000 navajo indians. the phenotype frequency of hla-b27 in this population was found to be 36%. the area in which these people live is endemic for shigellosis, shigella flexneri being the most common species isolated. presumably the high frequency of hla-b27 and shigella infections account for the high incidence and prevalence of reiter's syndrome in this population. | 1980 | 7205829 |
| liposomes as vehicles for vaccines. | lipid a from shigella flexneri lps, or acylated derivatives of muramyl dipeptide (mdp), were incorporated into the lipid bilayer of liposomes to enhance the adjuvanticity of the liposomes in rabbits. liposomes containing lipid a induced antibodies against lipid a, phosphocholine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin. lipid a was resolved into eight fractions, some of which did, and others of which did not, induce antibodies against liposomes. anti-liposome antibodies also were induced (in the ... | 1980 | 7208512 |
| proliferation of enteropathogens in oral rehydration solutions prepared with river water from honduras and surinam. | oral rehydration of infants with diarrhoea is an effective therapy that is becoming increasingly available in developing countries. to formulate judicious recommendations for preparation and storage of such solutions, we assessed the capability of recognized bacterial enteropathogens to survive and proliferate in solutions made either with sterile distilled or river water collected in two developing countries. shigella flexneri, an enteropathogen typically transmitted by faecal/oral contact rath ... | 1981 | 7299876 |
| shigellosis in the marshall islands: epidemiologic aspects of an outbreak. | an outbreak of diarrheal illness caused by shigella flexneri 1b and associated with 11 deaths occurred in the marshall islands during june and july 1977. a house-to-house survey on majuro indicated an attack rate of 6.2%. neither the survey nor a case-control study uncovered a common source of exposure on majuro, and it is believed that transmission was mainly person-to-person. socioeconomic factors, type of water supply, distance to municipal water supply, and type of sanitary facility could no ... | 1980 | 7386724 |
| [antibiotic resistance of shigella strains isolated in cádiz (author's transl)]. | the incidence of shigellosis at the residencia sanitaria fernando zamacola (cáciz, spain) and the antibiotic sensitivity of 94 strains of shigella sonnei and 40 strains of shigella flexneri, isolated during the year 1979, has been studied taking into account the present status of strain resistance to the major antibiotics. three epidemic bouts of shigellosis were detected: one in february by shigella sonnei (16 cases), and two others in august-september and november due to shigella flexneri (43 ... | 1980 | 7464328 |
| salmonella typhi r-plasmids in hungary. | the antibiotic sensitivity of 4095 salmonella typhi strains isolated in hungary from january, 1974 to june 1979, was tested. twelve strains derived from one patient and seven chronic carriers were resistant to antibiotics due to r-plasmids. one of the s. typhi strains carried two r-plasmids and the change in the phage type of this strain was caused by one of the plasmids. r-plasmid of the same restrictive property was found in an escherichia coli strain isolated from the faeces of the correspond ... | 1980 | 7468321 |
| [pathogenicity of shigella flexneri and its regulation]. | 1995 | 7474338 | |
| sepa, the major extracellular protein of shigella flexneri: autonomous secretion and involvement in tissue invasion. | in addition to ipa proteins and icsa, which are involved in entry into epithelial cells and intercellular spread, respectively, shigella secretes a 110 kda protein, designated sepa. we report the identification, cloning, and nucleotide sequence determination of the sepa gene, analysis of sepa secretion, and construction and characterization of a sepa mutant. the sepa gene is carried by the virulence plasmid and codes for a 150 kda precursor. upon secretion, which does not involve accessory prote ... | 1995 | 7476198 |
| phop/phoq transcriptional repression of salmonella typhimurium invasion genes: evidence for a role in protein secretion. | previously, the phop-repressed locus prgh was identified as important for signalling epithelial cells to endocytose salmonella typhimurium. characterization of prgh revealed that it is an operon of four genes encoding polypeptides of 392 (prgh), 80 (prgi), 101 (prgj) and 252 amino acid residues (prgk). synthesis of the 2.6 kb prghijk transcript was repressed in bacteria that activate phop/phoq, indicating that phop/phoq regulates prghijk by transcriptional repression. the prgi, prgj and prgk pre ... | 1995 | 7476203 |
| use of confocal microscopy in studying bacterial adhesion and invasion. | 1995 | 7476384 | |
| n-terminal amino-acid sequence of beta-lactamase from shigella flexneri ucsf-129. | a beta-lactamase (ec 3.5.2.6 penicillinase, penicillin amino beta-lactam-hydrolase) was purified from shigella flexneri uscf-129 by an efficient two-stage procedure involving chromatography in sephadex g-75 and hplc on a c18-reverse phase column. the homogeneity of the purified enzyme was confirmed by capillary zone electrophoresis (cze), hplc electrospray mass spectrometry (lc-esms) and amino acid sequence analyses. the highly purified enzyme was a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 28. ... | 1995 | 7476560 |
| antigenic variability of shigella flexneri serovars 1-5. | data on the genetic basis of the classification of shigella flexneri serological variants 1-5 are presented. subserovars "a" are related to monolysogenic variants of the basic lipopolysaccharide (lps) structure 0 antigen 3,4, "b" to bilysogenic ones. a scheme of their antigenic variability, with regard to loss of one or both prophages is presented. this scheme helps differentiate between antigenic variability and mixed or superinfections. recent reports confirming our previously published sugges ... | 1995 | 7477027 |
| outbreak of shigella flexneri linked to salad prepared at a central commissary in michigan. | in august 1992, the michigan department of public health was notified of a cluster of persons with shigella flexneri infections, all of whom had eaten at different outlets of a single restaurant chain. the chain prepared many foods at a central kitchen. a matched case-control study to determine risk factors for illness among patrons of the restaurant chain was undertaken. an inspection of the commissary and a review of commissary inspection and employee records were conducted. of the 46 patients ... | 1995 | 7480612 |
| effect of outer membrane proteins (omp) of shigella on interleukin 2 (il-2) production by spleen cells of mice. | the kinetics of interleukin (il-2) release from mouse spleen cells incubated with different doses of outer membrane proteins (omp) from shigella was investigated. omp induced very low activity of il-2 after 2 and 4 h, and only a slightly higher level of the cytokine was detected after 6 h. however, il-2 activity increased markedly after 20 and 24 h of incubation, and doses of 5 and 10 micrograms of omp were found to be the most effective. spleen cells cultured with omp for 48 h contained reduced ... | 1994 | 7487346 |
| identification of a novel virulence gene, vira, on the large plasmid of shigella, involved in invasion and intercellular spreading. | a novel virulence gene (vira) was identified upstream of the virg gene on the large plasmid of shigella flexneri 2a ysh6000. characterization of vira mutants infecting mk2 epithelial cell monolayers revealed that their invasive capacity was decreased to less than one fifth of the wild-type level. nevertheless, the bacteria were capable of expressing and secreting ipab, ipac and ipad proteins. the vira mutants were also impaired in their ability to spread intercellularly, since the bacteria gave ... | 1995 | 7494473 |
| entry of microbes into the host: using m cells to break the mucosal barrier. | enteric microbial pathogens interact with the gut epithelium to establish infection. recently, it has become clear that many microorganisms that colonize or traverse the intestinal mucosa do so via the specialized m cells. recent work has shown that shigella flexneri and salmonella typhimurium specifically target m cells to initiate infection of the host. | 1995 | 7495510 |
| mucosal immune response in patients with dysentery. | 1995 | 7502926 | |
| mechanism of antigenic variation in shigella flexneri. ii. sensitivity to complement as a selection factor for antigenic mutant 3b in 1b serotype. | in the first report we stated that the antigenic mutant of shigella flexneri 6713 3b serovar with antigenic formula iii: 3, 4, 6 was less sensitive to bactericidal action of normal calf serum in comparison to its parent strain s. flexneri 6713 1b with antigenic formula iii: 3, 4, 6. in this paper we show that the phenomenon is rather a general one; the difference in sensitivity was observed in three other strains s. flexneri 1b of independent clinical origin and its antigenic mutants 3b respecti ... | 1994 | 7503650 |
| molecular mimicry: any role in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthropathies? | ankylosing spondylitis and reactive arthritis are seronegative spondyloarthropathies, which are strongly associated with hla-b27. despite intensive investigation, the basis for this association is not clear. however, in recent years one favored hypothesis to explain this linkage has been that of molecular mimicry, i.e., sharing of linear or conformational epitopes common to microbial antigens and host structures. during the past few years several examples of molecular mimicry between hla-b27 and ... | 1993 | 7504716 |
| local immune response and protection in the guinea pig keratoconjunctivitis model following immunization with shigella vaccines. | this study used the guinea pig keratoconjunctivitis model to examine the importance of route of administration (mucosal versus parenteral), frequency and timing of immunization (primary versus boosting immunization), and form of antigen given (live attenuated vaccine strain versus o-antigen-protein conjugate) on the production of protective immunity against shigella infection. since local immune response to the lipopolysaccharide (lps) o-antigen of shigella spp. is thought to be important for pr ... | 1994 | 7507892 |
| characterization of the rfc region of shigella flexneri. | the o antigen of the shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharide (lps) is an important virulence determinant and immunogen. we have isolated s. flexneri mutants which produce a semi-rough lps by using an o-antigen-specific phage, sf6c. western immunoblotting was used to show that the lps produced by the semi-rough mutants contained only one o-antigen repeat unit. thus, the mutants are deficient in production of the o-antigen polymerase and were termed rfc mutants. complementation experiments were used ... | 1994 | 7507920 |
| division inhibition gene dicf of escherichia coli reveals a widespread group of prophage sequences in bacterial genomes. | the genomes of various eubacteria were analyzed by southern blot hybridization to detect sequences related to the segment of the defective lambdoid prophage kim which encodes dicf rna, an antisense inhibitor of cell division gene ftsz in escherichia coli k-12. among the homologous sequences found, one fragment from e. coli b, similar to a piece of rac prophage, and two fragments from shigella flexneri were cloned and sequenced. dicf-like elements similar to transcriptional terminators were found ... | 1994 | 7508908 |
| genetic analysis of the o-specific lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis region (rfb) of escherichia coli k-12 w3110: identification of genes that confer group 6 specificity to shigella flexneri serotypes y and 4a. | we recently reported a novel genetic locus located in the sbcb-his region of the chromosomal map of escherichia coli k-12 which directs the expression of group 6-positive phenotype in shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharide, presumably due to the transfer of o-acetyl groups onto rhamnose residues of the s. flexneri o-specific polysaccharide (z. yao, h. liu, and m. a. valvano, j. bacteriol. 174:7500-7508, 1992). in this study, we identified the genetic region encoding group 6 specificity as part of ... | 1994 | 7517390 |